Established 1840. THE Sixty-Fourth Year. Southern Planter A MONTHLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO
Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture, Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside.
OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHHONfl, VIRGINIA.
THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY, Proprietors.
J. F. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager.
Vol, 64. DECEMBER, 1903. No. 12.
CONTENTS.
FARM MANAGEMENT: LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY:
Editorial—The Dual Purpose Cow 766 Editorial—Work for the Month 745 Inoculation for Texas Fever 767 Rotation of Crops 748 Editorial—Live Stock Sales in Chicago 768
Plant Food and Crop Production . . . 750 Forage Crops and Pork Production 768
Tall Corn 752 Cattle Quarantine in Virginia 768 Small Farms Well Tilled 753 A Bit of the Range 769
Enquirer's Column (Detail Index, page 777) . . . 754 The World's Years Butter Fat Record Broken. . 770 Apples Wanted Abroad A- 758 THE POULTRY YARD: 4
Grain Foods for Laying Hens 771 ORCHARD: **. TRUCKING, GARDEN AND Egg-Laying Breeds Compared 771
THE HORSE: Editorial—Work for the Month % A New England Farming Community 75& Notes 772 Fruit Culture in Virginia 761 Small Canning Factories 762 MISCELLANEOUS: Editorial—The Bitter Rot of Apples 764 The Great Roanoke Fair 774 Orcharding 764 Cold Storage on the Farm 775 Self-Sterility in Apples 765 Crown Gall of Apple Trees 776 Virginia Corn Exhibit at St. Louis. 765 Good Roads 776
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X X FOR THE Wheat and Grass Crops x 66 X STAR BRAND" X X X X X X X GUANO, x McQavock Mixture, = Acid Phosphate, x Or S. C. BONE, Etc. X X DISSOLVED X VIRGINIA- BRANCH r> r> Um ^ «- A \7 Agriculture is the nursing mother of the Arts.—XENOPHON. Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. —SULLY. 64th Year. Richmond, December, 1903. No. 12. Farm Management. WORK FOR THE MONTH. Department of Agriculture, is placed at 21 bushels Another year has rolled round to its closing month, per acre against a 10 years average of 19 bushels. and the ingathering of the crops, the result of a year's In North Carolina the estimated yield is 14 bushels toil and anxious care, has been practically completed. per acre, against a 10 years' average of 13 bushels. The year has been in regard to the weather an abnor- In South Carolina the yield is estimated at 10 bush- mal one, and the effect is largely seen in the crop re- els per acre, against a 10 years' average of 9 bushels. turns. Excessive rains throughout nearly the whole In Maryland the yield is estimated at 28 bushels per South were the characteristic of the spring and early acre, as against a 10 years' average of 29 bushels. summer months, and had it not been for the fine, open In Tennessee the yield is estimated at 23 bushels per and dry fall which we have had the crop returns acre, as against a 10 years' average of 21 bushels. would have undoubtedly been most disastrous. The The tobacco crop of Virginia is estimated by the De- seeding and planting of all crops was delayed, and partment at 745 pounds per acre, as against a 10 when got in they were too often planted in badly fitted years' average of 640 pounds. In North Carolina seed beds, and the working of them was rendered the crop is estimated at 627 po\mds to the acre, as practically impossible upon the river and creek low against a 10 years' average of 535 pounds. In South lands. Wheat, which promised finelv in the early Carolina the crop is estimated at 610 pounds to the spring, was practically rendered a complete failure acre, as against a 4 years' average of 711 pounds. In by the heavy rains at the blooming period. The Maryland .the crop is estimated at 650 pounds to the pollen was washed from the ears, and as a result of acre, as against a 10 years' average of 633 pounds. imperfect fertilization of the blooms the ears were In Tennessee the crop is estimated at 700 pounds to only very partially filled and the grain was light and the acre, as against a 1 years' average of 642 pounds. trashy. The average yield of wheat in Virginia is The Irish potato crop is above the average, whilst the placed by the Department of Agriculture at 8 bushels sweet potato crop is also above the average in all the is to the acre. In North Carolina, at 5 bushels : in coast States. The hay crop in all the coast States in South Carolina, at 6 bushels ; in Tennessee, at 7 above the average, the yield per acre being even bushels, and in Maryland, at 12 bushels. Winter excess of all the Northern and New England States, and spring oats were also very unsatisfactory crops. and comparing very favorably with that of all the The corn crop, however, made some amends for the Middle States, indeed being in excess of several of disappointment in these crops, as it is on the whole a the best of these. The cotton crop, whilst not yet good one, probably on the high lands one of the best fully ascertained, is expected to be about an average ever raised in the South, and, on the whole, compares in the coast States, with a price for it away above the very favorably with the crop in the rest of the country. average. Indeed, this crop alone for lint and sevd is The average yield for Virginia, as estimated by the expected to bring more than $500,000,000 into the THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER [December oouthern States. The market value of all the crops Canoda peas and oats, and this crop ought only to be is well maintained, with the exception of tobacco, and sown in December in the Tidewater and central plain whilst the market for this crop opened very flatly, of the coast States. Elsewhere in the South it should there is already indication that better prices are in be sown in .January, February and March, according prospect. Even with the opening low prices growers as the section rises in altitude from the sea. In mid- should bear in mind that these compare favorably dle and Tidewater Virginia we have known Canada with figures at which the crop was selling a few years peas and oats to maake an excellent yield of forage ago, and are relatively only low as compared with and grain seeded in December. Much, however, de- those of the closing sales of the year before last and pends on the character of the seed bed. If this be. dry the opening sales of last year. We have had planters and finely worked and a good cover be given to the in our office who have already sold this year at prices peas, they will take no harm, even if the weather be- ranging from 6 to 10 cents for dark shipping. The comes severe. Canada peas and oats are essentially season has been a most propitious one for the produc- a cold climate crop, and to be grown successfully in tion of forage crops of all kinds, and there is an abun- the South want to be got in the ground sufficiently dance of feed for all live stock for the winter, whilst early to make and complete their growth before the the fine, open fall has kept grazing on the pastures hot weather strikes them, otherwise the crop will not good up to the present writing. No doubt the cost of be worth the raising. As a green forage crop for production of all crops has been higher this year on hogs, and as a hay crop, it is very valuable as it comes account of labor scarcity, but we conclude that on the in at a time when feed is usually getting scarce. The whole Southern farmers may look with satisfaction peas at the rate of 14 or 2 bushels to the acre should on the result of their labors, certainly with more sat- be planted deep with the drill or be plowed down so isfaction than can farmers in many of the Northern as to give them a cover of 4 or 5 inches. The oats, at and Western States. We are beginning in the South the rate of J or 1 bushel to the acre, should then be to see the results attained by the adoption of a system sown on the top and be harrowed in. The crop will of "farming" rather than "planting" in the substitu- be ready for grazing by April, and should be cut for tion of a system of rotation of crops in which the hav in Mav. legumes and other forage crops are brought more frequently into the course, and in which deeper plow- So long as the weather keeps open and the land dry ing and better cultivation is being practiced. We enough to plow the teams should be kept at work have been urging these changes for many years, and breaking all land intended to be cropped next year. feel a sense of satisfaction in seeing the results of our In doing this work see that the plow is kept as deep labors bearing fruit. We have always been confident in the ground as a strong team can pull it, and that that we were advising the right course to bring pros- some portion of the subsoil is turned up in addition perity to Southern farmers and increased and perma- to the old worked soil. This subsoil contains an abun- nent fertility to the lands of the South, and each year dance of natural plant food, and only requires to only emphasizes the truth of this and makes us more be subjected to the influence of the atmosphere long determined to continue urging rotation of crops, deep enough to make this available. When turned up in plowing and repeated and more perfect cultivation. the spring there is not time for this action to be exer- These and not so much a reliance on purchased fer- cised long enough for advantage to be secured, now tilizers, coupled with attention to the breeding and it can be turned up with safety and ultimate profit. keeping of live stock sufficient on every farm to con- Wherever possible, in addition to the deep turned sume all the rough products and forage crops and furrow have the hard subsoil broken with a subsoil much of the grain are the true sources from which plow following the turning plow in each furrow. In prosperity must come, and the farmers themselves this way this subsoil becomes permeable by the at- are now realizing these truths more than ever in the mosphere and capable of holding the rainfall for the past. We have the climate, we only need to supple- subsequent use of the crops and this rainfall will dis- ment it with a sound system of rotation and justice to solve the plant food therein, which will be taken up the land in the way of breaking and working it to by the roots of the crop, which will easily penetrate ensure ouccess in production and a better system of the loosened soil. Plants of all kinds are solely de- utilization of the crops on the farm when produced pendent for their growth on the food in the soil which to ensure profit in the ultimate results. is held in sohition by water. They cannot utilize any of this food in a solid form, hence the import- It is too late in the year now to sow any crop except ance of conserving the moishire in the soil. In oiir 1903.] THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER last, month's issue we pointed out in discussing a re- dry enough work it in and then in February or March cent bulletin of the Department of Agriculture, that sow 2 bushels of oats to the acre, and let this growth as a result of the investigation of the Department, it be lightly grazed or be mowed before the oats head, had been found that all soils capable of cultivation and the cutting be left as a mulch on the ground. contained nearly the same amount of plant food capa- In June turn the growth under and sow cow peas 1 ble of being dissolved by the soil water, and that this bushel to the acre. Turn these down in August and quantity was amply sufficient for the production of sow 12 pounds of crimson clover seed and a bushel of maximum crops for years to come if made available. oats, rye and wheat, mixed in equal parts, to the acre. The only means of securing this availability is to When this crop comes off in the following year either make the soil capable of holding sufficient moisture to by grazing or cutting, the galls and gullies will be dissolve the plant food, and this can only be done by ended and the land can be cultivated in staple crops deep and perfect cultivation and the filling of the soil or be seeded to grass. with humus, which acts like a sponge in holding the moisture. Now is the time to break the soil and sub- The work of planting the staple crops in the spring soil, and then the humus making crops and manure can be greatly helped by utilizing the winter months can be added later. We know that many Southern in getting the manure and fertilizer into the land. farmers and some agricultural authorities doubt the Earn yard manure can never be put to a better use or advisability of fall and winter plowing in the South, be better conserved than to use it as a top dressing on unless the land can also at the same time be seeded winter growing crops or by applying it in winter to with a winter growing crop. They contend that as we the land to be put into crop in the spring. Get the have not usually much severe frost to disintegrate the manure out of the barns, stables and pens as made, soil, that little benefit is derived from breaking the whenever the land is fit to haul on. The leachings surface, and that the winter and spring rains will so will then find their way into the soil, where they will pack the land as to make necessary replowing in the be utilized by the crops and not into the creek or spring. We cannot agree with this view. Whilst we river. The solid matter will decompose and rot as would plow and seed with winter growing crops as well on the land as in the barnyard, though not quite long as possible, yet we would not cease to plow when so fast. All the phosphatic and potassic fertilizers, compelled to cease seeding. Even should the soil be- and some of the nitrogenous ones like tankage, can come somewhat packed, it will certainly break much Avith safety be applied in the winter. The phos- more easily either with the plow or the disc or spading phatic and potassic fertilizers require considerable harrow in the spring than if left unplowed in the fall, time to become assimilated and dissolved in the soil and it will certainly have secured a much better sup- before crops can derive benefit from them, and there ply of water in the subsoil than can possibly be the need be no fear of their being lost by leaching. Tank- case if only plowed in the spring, and this water will age, cotton seed, and all other organic nitrogenous have dissolved more of the inert plant food and ren- fertilizers also require time to rot before they can dered the same available. One of the great weak be utilized, but they should not be applied too long points of Southern farming has been, and is, the lack before the crop is planted or some of their value may of plowing and finely breaking the soil sufficiently. be lost. Nitrate of soda, the most active nitrogenous We plow too many acres and do not plow the individ- fertilizer, ought, however, never to be applied before ual acres sufficiently. A reversal of this system Avill the crop has commenced to grow, as it is as soluble as result in much greater profit and no more work. Es- salt, and the nitrogen is immediately available, and pecially would we advise deep plowing and subsoiling may be quickly lost if there be no crop growing to now on lands washed and gullied, as we too often find utilize it. In these various ways the fine, open win- them. This washing and gullying can only be stopped ters which we experience here ought to be fully util- and the land be made profitable again by deep plow- ized, and thus we can be ready to plant our crops as ing and subsoiling. The soil washes away because the soon as ever the weather is suitable. If we do not rainfall cannot get down into the subsoil. Open this thus utilize the winter months we fail to do our duty, and make of it a reservoir to hold the rain, and the and might as well he living in the cold, hard frozen washing will cease and the land will produce good North. crops when once some humus has been got into the soil. After these gullied fields have been plowed and The work of cleaning up new land and old fields subsoiled, spread any kind of vegetable trash or that have not been under cultivation and are again strawr manure on the surface, and when the soil is intended to be cropped, should be attended to. When- THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December ... work of this character is undertaken, let what straight down the hill the drain draws water from is done be done thoroughly. Do not leave stumps both sides, whilst a drain run across or diagonally and rocks in or on the land, hut remove them out of will only drain water from the upper side. the field. Small stumps can be easily pulled out and larger ones should be blown out with dynamite. Left in the ground they only form breeding places for Have the ice pond cleaned out and cut off all sources weeds, briers and fungoid diseases, and are the con- of impure water flowing into it. The freezing of stant source of broken tools and implements and in- water does not purify it as many think, and the abso- jured horses and mules. Rocks should be gathered lute necessity for using only pure ice is so great in the off and hauled on the roads of the farm or the adjoin- way of health that no risk should be run of impound- ing highways, where they can be profitably utilized ing impure water. The ice house should also be in making and repairing good, hard, dry, permanent thoroughly cleaned out and be put into good repair. roads. Let all old fences be straightened and re In our last issue and in this one will be found arti- paired, and the necessary new ones be built. Where cles dealing with the building of ice houses. good old rails are still found in the old fences these can be utilized in the building of new ones and a much Have all implements and tools not in use gathered greater length of fence be built by combining them together and put under cover. Clean them thor- "with wire. Set the posts at a proper distance to util- oughly, and grease the bright metal parts, and on wet ize these old rails and then fasten them to the posts days repair and paint them. A few dollars spent in by stapling a length of wire to the bottom of the post paint will make tools and implements last years and carrying it up the post on the one side and down longer. The loss sustained by farmers from the care- on the other side, making loops at the proper distance less way in which their tools and implements are cared apart to hold the ends of the rails in place and for amounts to millions every year, and in itself stapling the wire to the post above and below each amounts to a considerable profit on the working of a rail. In this way a five or six rail fence can be built farm. for a long distance with the rails taken out of an old worm fence. See that plenty of seasoned wood is stored in the wood shed, and do not subject the women of the house- Ditches should be opened out and cleaned, and hold to the annoyance of having to use wet fuel to drains be put in where needed. When any draining cook the meals and keep the home warm. is to be done see that before starting the work a good Have an abundance of feed stored convenient for plan is prepared and levels be properly taken so that the stock, so that if short handed at Christmas and no mistake be made in so placing the drains as to se- New Year, which is very often the case, the stock will cure sufficient fall for all drains and a good open not have to suffer. outlet for the main drain. Do not fail to put the drains down deep into the land. At least 3 feet Don't send all the best of the farm products to the should be the depth from the surface. The water Christmas and New Year markets, but keep an abun- which does the harm to the land is not that lying on dant supply for home use, so that all the family and the surface, but the water in the subsoil, which is visitors may be able to enjoy a merry Christmas. stagnant and prevents the surface water from getting "Its a poor heart that never rejoices," and no one has down. Drain off this stagnant underground water, a greater right to enjoy the good things of life than and that which falls on the surface or finds its way the farmer who produces the most of them. there will soon get down and away out of the land. Fill the drains with the soil and clay taken out, and That the New Year may be a happy and prosperous not with loose stones or rubbish. The tighter they one for all our readers is our heart-felt wish and are filled the better they will draw the water out of the prayer. subsoil, which is what is needed, and the longer they will continue to be effective. We have packed tile drains tightly with clay from the tile \ip to the sur- ROTATION OF CROPS. face and found them to be thoroughly effective for The subject of the proper rotation of crops on a twenty years afterwards. In draining a piece of farm is one that up to the present has received com- hilly land, let the drains run directly down the hill paratively little attention in this country, and practi- end not across or in a diagonal direction. When run cal! v none in the South. With the vast areas of un- 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. V-x occupied land in the country and the large quantity of The recent investigations of the Bureau of Soils prove uncultivated land common on the great plantations conclusively that all soils capable of cultivation, whe- of the South, the subject has not pressed for attention. ther they have been manured or fertilized or not, con- When Uncle Sam could give every farmer a new farm tain about the same proportions of plant food soluble when the old one ceased to return good crops men in the natural soil moisture, and that in all cases there thought it of no concern to them to learn how to make is of this plant food an abundance for the needs of the old farm permanently profitable, and were con- crops for years to come. The problem, then, is how tent to call their farm a profitable one so long as they to secure this and to make farming profitable without could secure from it a good living for themselves and having to seek new lands in a country where every something over and took no stock in the idea that it day these are getting scarcer. In seeking to solve was a duty they owed to posterity to maintain fer- this problem the Bureau of Soils has come to the con- tility. They held strongly to the Irishman's theory clusion that the most potent factors are more perfect that posterity had done nothing for them, and there- and deeper cultivation of the soil, so as to permit of fore they need not concern themselves about posterity. the holding of more soil moisture, and a judi- And yet this conception of a profitable farm is a radi- cious rotation of crops. They support these cally wrong one. A truly profitable farm is one conclusions by numerous examples of exactly which not only provides a good living and something similar soil producing in one section good crops and over for the present owner, but also maintains and in another poor ones solely as the result in the adds to its -fertility for the benefit of those who come one case of better plowing and cultivation and in the after. How few Southern farms answer to this other of following out the old system of barely break- requirement ! Now that Uncle Sam has given away ing the surface. As an illustration of the value of all the good farms, and many of his poor ones also, rotation they cite the case of the Rothampstead wheat the subject presses for consideration. In the South experiments in England, where, on one field which the question has up to the present been answered by has grown wheat continuously without manure or fer- turning out the old cultivated land and taking in and tilizer for fifty years, the yield has been reduced one- clearing up some of the new land, or in more recent half, and where in another and adjoining field wheat years by turning again to that part of the plantation has been grown, also without manure or fertilizer, in which had been turned out years ago, and upon which rotation with other crops only once in four years, and nature has been exercising her beneficent work in re- the yield has continued practically the same over the cuperating the soil slowly by adding each year to the whole period. What has been done can be done, and soil the decaying matter of the natural vegetation, is being done, in some few places here. Where one and the pines have been pumping up from the subsoil or two crops only are grown they are continuously and making available the mineral plant food natu- making a call upon the land for the same elements of j rally existing in the soil. The spread of the 3ystem fertility, and thus exhausting these and unbalancing of breaking up the old large plantations into small the fertility of the soil. A balanced plant food ration farms to meet the requirements of an increasing popu- is as essential as a balanced stock food ration, in se- lation and the incoming of settlers from the North curing profitable crops, and pi*ofitable feeding. and West and the Northwest is gradually lessening Again, the character of the one or two crops grown is the opportunities for thus meeting the difficulty of usually such that they are robbers and not recupera- lessened fertility in the old cultivated lands, and tors of the soil. They use up the humus in the soil, forcing the consideration of rotation of crops as a and thus render it .osence of their accustomed food, or host plants, or in grass and the roots which it is always an important the presence of their enemies, which come often upon matter to consider, as these tend so largely to add to other crops, they succumb. We have surely said suffi- the humus in the soil. Break a sod always when it cient to show the importance of establishing now a is beginning to fail, and not when it has failed. Put system of rotation on every farm. What that rota- the coarse manure of the barnyard on the sod in the tion should be is purely a local question. In some fall and break for corn. A clover sod should in like sections it may be a long one, running over five or even manner be utilized by breaking it for wheat. It will seven years, in others it should be a short one, not supply the nitrogen needed by the crop, and thus make exceeding three. In some sections the soil is better the cost of production much less and the certainty of adapted naturally to one or two crops, and local a good yield greater. By watching these chances of market conditions may make these more profitable securing help to succeeding crops much economy in than others. In some sections a grass sod holds natu- production can be secured, and at the same time the rally on the soil and keeps in full vigor for several fertility of the land not be impaired, but be enhanced. years, whilst in others it will only hold for one or two years and then become infested with weeds or become so thin on the ground as not to yield profitable crops. All these and many other considerations must be PLANT FOOD AND CROP PRODUCTION. borne in mind when deciding upon a rotation. The In our last issue we discussed at some length a part one thing of importance to decide is that no field shall of the bulletin issued by the Bureau of Soils of 1ms grow two grain crops of the like character in two suc- Department of Agriculture, which, as we then stated, ceeding years. As far as possible determine that an we regard as one of the most valuable contributions to exhausting crop shall always be succeeded by a recu- the science of crop production ever issued. We pro- perating crop. In a section where red clover does well, pose now to take up other points in the bulletin. As let this be one of the crops to come on the land at least pointed out in our last article, the texture of the soil once in each rotation, and in the South this can influences the climate of the soil in that it affects the usually be more than accomplished, for here we can water supply and the temperature under which the grow a red clover crop in the summer and a crimson crop is produced. The actual distribution of the wa- clover crop in the winter. Where clover does not suc- ter which falls, and the supply of water to the crop, is ceed well, then let cow peas, soy beans and vetches regulated almost entirely by the physical character- take the place of the red clover. These are all recuper- istics of the soil. So far as the necessary water sup- ating crops. They take nitrogen from the atmosphere ply of crops is concerned, therefore the crop is not and fix it in the soil for the benefit of the succeeding dependent directly upon the rainfall, but upon the crops. We have known a crimson clover crop to in- daily and hourly supply which can be delivered by the crease the yield of a corn crop 25 bushels to the acre, soil to the roots of the plants, whether the ultimate and a cow pea crop to increase a wheat crop 10 bush- source of supply is from rainfall irrigation or seepage. els to the acre. The vetch crop is even more success- The influence of the texture of the soil upon the yield ful in fixing nitrogen than the cow pea. In an ex- of crops is strikingly shown in the cropping of the periment made at Cornell Experiment Station, !N\ Y., light sandy soils of the Atlantic coast, which, because it was found that a crop of hairy vetch had secured of the light yield of corn and wheat, are used almost 256 pounds to the acre, as against an average of 52 exclusively for truck crops, and in the use of the pounds secured by cow peas in the section where they Hagerstown loam and clay of the Lancaster area of are most successfully grown. In the central and Pennsylvania, the valley of Virginia and the blue coast plain of the Southern States, where a grass sod grass region of Kentucky and Tennessee in produc- does not usually hold well to the soil a three or four ing hay and grain. For the same reason the Miami years' rotation is, in our opinion, the one likeliest to black clay loam of Ohio and Illinois is used for corn, be adopted with success, whilst in the Piedmont sec- the sandy soils of Virginia for bright, yellow tobacco, tions and further West a five or six years' course will and the clay soils of the same State for the heavy be best and most profitable. Whatever length of time mamifacturing and export tobacco. The investiga- is decided upon, never wait so long to break up a grass tions of the Bureau indicate approximately the same sod as to allow it practically to die out. Not only amount, and the same proportions, of plant food per will it in such a case be an unprofitable field for either unit of soil solution in these differest types of soil. a hay meadow or a pasture in the last year or two, The physical properties, however, are very different. but it will cause the loss of the vegetable matter of the The Miami clav loam maintains usuallv from 25 to 1903.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE. 751 30 per cent, of water. The Norfolk sand maintains seed, but so far as known the differences are due to usually only about 6 per cent of water. The Miami the kind of seed used as influenced by the condition clay, with good methods of cultivation, yields 60 or of the soil and climate. 80 bushels of corn to the acre. Experiments have In further discussion of the part played by com- shown that every pound of dry matter in the corn mercial fertilizers in the yield of crops, the authors crop requires about 300 or 400 pounds of water to of the bulletin say : "If the generalizations contained make it. The corn plant would presumably require in the bulletin to the effect that the soil moisture has as much water per pound whether grown on the Nor- sensibly the same composition in different types of folk sand or on the Miami clay, but because it cannot soil and in soil under good and poor methods of culti- obtain this in the Norfolk sand the crop there only vation, and that there is more of these fertilizing in- makes from 8 to 10 bushels to the acre. The amount gredients in all soils than the plant actually needs be of soluble plant food in both soils is practically the sustained, it may well be that the role of fertilizers re- same. The water holding capacity of the soil and its quires other explanations than those now generally power to deliver this to the plant is the cause of the accepted." The fundamental idea in the use of com- difference in yield, and this water holding power is mercial fertilizers has been that of supplying plant affected largely by the texture of the soil and its phy- food in an available form. It is significant that other sical conditions as controlled by cultivation. Another conditions of growth have so much influence on the influence controlling the yield of crops is rotation. yield that in but very few instances, even after long This is well illustrated by the Eothampstead wheat continued experiment, has it been demonstrated that experiments. There the yield of wheat grown con- any particular fertilizing ingredient or ingredients tinuously without manure or fertilizer for fifty years are required for any particular soil, and that even has been reduced from 33^ bushels to 15 bushels. then the effect of the fertilizer varies so greatly from Where wheat has been rotated with roots, barley, year to year that no specific law has been worked out clover, beans or fallow, the wheat being sown every from which the fertilizing requirements could be de- fourth year for forty-four years without the addition duced. It is a fact admitting of no argument thai of manure or fertilizer, the yield of wheat has not fertilizers rarely take the place of efficient methods of been sensibly reduced. The yield of wheat even where cultivation and of cropping in increasing or maintain- the roots were carted off and the land left in fallow ig crop yields. With the present methods of cultiva- being 33| bushels in 1883, as against 30£ bushels in tion the difference between the yield of 8 bushels of 1857, and 35 bushels in 1859. The yield of wheat wheat per acre on the Cecil clay in North Carolina in this same experiment on land where mixed mineral and 25 to 30 bushels per acre on the same soil in and nitrogenous manures and fertilizers has been used Maryland cannot be adjusted by the application of in some part of the rotation has not been sensibly any kind or any amount of fertilizers to the North larger. In this case, then, by a simple rotation and Carolina soil. The idea now held by the Bureau of change of cultural methods from year to year with the Soils as a result of the investigation is that the ratio change of crop the yield of wheat has been maintained of the nutrient elements (plant food) in normal soils practically constant for forty-four years, whereas the does not play a very important part in the yield of yield of wheat under continuous culture has fallen crops, or, to be more explicit, low yields are usually one-half in the same time. This decrease can be related to the physical condition and characteristics ascribed only to some physical change in the soil, to of the soil. The conclusions drawn by the authors of some chemical change other than the actual loss of the bulletin from a consideration of all the data of the plant food, or possibly to the accumulation of disease experiments made, is that plants can and do yield germs, insects, etc., which it is known frequently oc- ordinary crops though growing in soils containing curs where rotation is not practiced. Another in- very small traces of all the plant foods, while if the fluence affecting the yield of a crop is the variety of amount of these plant foods is increased a thousand seed used. Just why this should influence the yield times, as in the case of the alkali soils of the West, has never been determined. It is due unquestion- where potash, lime, phosphoric acid and nitrates are ably to other factors in plant growth, possibly to sea- frequently found in very large amounts, they are un- sonal changes, conditions of cultivation, or other in- able to give corresponding increases in the yield. On fluences of which we know nothing. It may be that the contrary, the yield from these arid soils under the great variation in the yield from different varie- irrigation is no greater than that obtained from the ties of seed are really due to the condition of the pre- soils of the humid regions which contain far less of ceding crop or the vitality and state of maturity of the these mineral plant foods, provided the season in the — THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [D'ecember humid region is just right, or that irrigation be prac- and in two or three years would become as tall as that ticed. The exhaustive investigation of many types grown from Southern seed. NThis reply was founded of soil by very accurate methods of analysis under on practical experience. We have known the experi- many conditions of cultivation, and of cropping in ment tried and it resulted as we state. Our long areas yielding large crops, and in adjoining areas growing season and a climate specially congenial to yielding small crops, has shown that there is no ob- the corn plant, causes this. The Editor of the Prac- vious relation between the amount of the several nu- tical Earmer (Prof. Massey), in a recent issue of that tritive elements in the soil and the yield of the crops paper, takes partial issue with us on this subject, and that is to say, that no essential chemical difference contends that with care in selection of the seed for a has been found between the solution produced in a number of years much may be done to correct this ap- soil yielding a large crop of wheat and that in a soil parently natural tendency of the corn plant here, of the same character in adjoining fields giving much and that we can get rid of the very tall stalks with smaller yields. The conclusion logically follows only one ear growing near the top. Whilst experi- that on the average farm the great controlling factor ments made in the West go to show that a great in- in the yield of crops is not the amount of plant food crease can be made in the yield by selection and care- in the soil, hit is a physical factor the exact nature of ful breeding of corn for a series of years, yet we doubt which is yet to be determined. It is not to be deduced much whether this will largely affect the height to from this that fertilizers do not frequently increase which the stalks will grow in this Southern climate. the yield of crops, but whether this increase is due Prof. Massey suggests Cocke's Prolific as the variety to an actual increase of the plant food in the soil, to to use in endeavoring to correct the tall growing habit. an early stimulation of the plant to enable it to get Whilst we agree with Prof. Massey in the advisa- its roots out into a sufficient volume of soil, or to some bility of selecting Cocke's Prolific as the variety to physiological or physical effect, is not altogether clear. use for experimenting, yet this agreement is not based The results of these investigations also seem to indi- on the idea that its use would result in a shorter corn, cate that the actual quantity of water a soil can fur- but rather that it would result in a greater yielding nish the plant, irrespective of the percentage of water corn. Cocke's Prolific is one of the tallest growing actually present in the soil has probably a very im- corns we know, and one which takes the longest time portant influence on the yield. The conclusion seems to complete its growth. In this respect it is well justified, that although differences in the dissolved adapted to our climatic conditions. It originated in salt content (plant food) or in the concentration and the James River Valley west of Richmond, and has composition of the soil moisture may be a factor in the been there bred to great perfection. The greatest yield as ivell as quality of a crop, it does not appear to corn yield ever made in the State, 160 bushels to the be a major one in determining or controlling the wide acre, was made by Cocke's Prolific grown near by variations observed in crop yields on different soils. Bellmead, where the variety originated. The grower It appears further that practically all soils contain of this crop, Mr. H. E. Wood, sent us a large bundle sufficient plant food for good crop yields, that this of the stalks of this crop to let us see the character of supply will be indefinitely maintained, and that this the same. These stalks ran all the way from 14 to actual yield of plants adapted to the soil depends 18 feet tall. The peculiarity, however, and this is mainly under favorable climatic conditions upon the characteristic of the variety and what makes it so cultural methods and suitable crop rotation—a con- valuable, was in the number of ears on the stalks. clusion strictly in accord with the experience of good On the tallest stalk sent us there were 11 ears of corn, farm practice in all countries. and none of the stalks had less than four ears on them. The average number of ears on a stalk throughout the crop was not less than two, and a very large propor- tion had three good ears. Now, with such a produc- TALL CORN. tion of ears possible, we see no reason why we should In a recent issue, replying to a correspondent who desire a shorter stalk. If, in addition to producing asked whether it was not possible to secure a shorter from two to three ears on the stalk, we can also get growing corn in the South by using Northern seed, we the great increase of fodder, which a tall stalk gives, replied that there was no means known to us of pre- we surely need not seek to alter the habit of the va- venting corn from becoming much taller in the South riety. One thing is perfectly certain, that without a than in the North and West, and that if Northern tall stalk and a great leafage on the stalk we can seed was used it would at once commence to grow tall, never secure a variety that will also give a great num- : 1903.] THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER ber of ears, for the seed bearing possibility of all and twenty-one barrels at two dollars per barrel. Hi- plants is largely controlled by luxuriance of growth. expense account with the one-third acre was as fol- Without the stalk and leaves to elaborate the sap and lows : Cost of barrels, thirteen dollars and eighty-one juices of the plant and convert them by nature's cents; cost to cut spinach, four dollars and ninety- methods largely into seed vessels and seed no great seven cents; cost of fertilizer, six dollars and fifty yield of seed or fruit can be looked for from any cents ; freight to New York, ten dollars and sixty-five plant. A healthy and luxuriant foliage on any plant cents; commission for selling in New York, nine dol- is a sina qua non for successful seed and fruit bearing lars and thirty-six cents; seed, forty cents. and in this respect corn is no exception. We quite By adding these items of expense together, and de- agree with Prof. Massey that it is desirable to get rid ducting the same from the gross sales, one will see as far as possible of the tall growing corn so common that the spinach crop netted him seventy-one dollars in the South, each stalk carrying only at most one and thirty cents from the one-third acre, clear of all ear, and many not an ear at all, and believe that this expense. is quite possible by following his suggestions as to se- The last days in February or first week in March lection of seed, but we see no reason why we should he set out lettuce on this one-third acre, and in April, desire to get rid of tall growing corn carrying at least 1903, sold one hundred and thirty-five baskets of let- two oars on each stalk. The heavier the growth we tuce, at two dollars per basket, or two hundred and can get on an acre of land and the more profit we can seventy dollars. His expense on the lettuce crop was get out of it if we only utilize that growth as we Baskets, nine dollars and forty-five cents; freight, ought to do, and especially is this true of corn where eighteen dollars and ninety cents; commission for analysis shows that nearly one-half of the nutritive selling, twenty-one dollars and sixty cents; fertilizer, feed value of the crop is in the stalk and fodder. five dollars ; labor, seventy-five cents ; leaving two hundred and fourteen dollars and forty cents net profit after deducting all expenses. SMALL FARMS WELL TILLED. Before the lettuce was sold, in April, he planted snap beans between the rows ; but the crop was not a Editor Southern Planter: success, yet he realized a little over ten dollars clear I strongly and persistently advocate the "small profit from the beans. We here see a clear net profit farm well tilled." A few years ago a German-Ameri- of two hundred and ninety-four dollars and sixty-one can correspondent of ours came to Norfolk with his cents from less than one-third of an acre, inside of wife and three small children. The mother was in the nine months: from the 15th September, 1902, to 15th last stages of consumption and lived only a year after of June, 1903. These nine months included the win- reaching this seaport. ter months, and there were three 2'rowinff mouths left After paying the expenses,, incident to the death in the year yet—from June 1 5th around to September and burial of his wife, he found himself three dollars 15th, in which our friend could have grown another in debt. His assets comprised a few articles of house- crop, and thus made his net cash profit, on one-third hold goods, and three small children and not a dollar acre, in one year's time, more than three hundred dol- in his pockets. On the contrary he owed three dollars lars. when he began working for one of our market gar- Now in this case, this man had no great capital, deners. and made no special or great effort, and could, in all He soon began, however, to work for himself in a probability, do even better next time. small way. Now after a few years he is getting on his Had he been able to have retailed his produce here feet and is considering the purchase of a good farm at home, direct to the consumer, he could have made of his own. Having accumulated considerable money much greater profit; but he sent every package of his and learned all about the trucking business , he is now produce to commission men in New York to sell for in a position to buy. him, and still made, as stated, two hundred and nine- At suggestion has sixty-one conts from ono-third of my he been keeping close ac- ty-four dollars and r count of a little field or piece of his market garden. an acre, in nine months time. He selected a plat, which, by measurement, contained Of course all can not do as this poor but thrifty a little less than one-third of an acre of land. farmer did ; simply or mainly because they do nofi On the 15th of September, 1903, he sowed it to have the climate, soil and markets to aid them; brr of i \ spinach, which he marketed in January, 1903 ; selling there are several hundred thousand acres land fifty barrels at one dollar and fifty cents per barrel; Eastern Virginia, which, if carefully and thoroughly ; 754 THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER [December cultivated, and the produce harvested and marketed in less than are contained in j>at straw. The protein a businesslike manner, would yield a net cash return and carbo-hydrates are less, the fat a little more. For which would astonish the Western wheat and corn feed therefore they are only worth the price of straw. grower. 2. There is very little difference in the digestible I plead earnestly for intensive farming. Give us nutrients in shucks and stalk fodder. As feed they good thorough intensive farmers and farming in East- are about of equal value. ern Virginia for a f ew years, and we will show you 3. In your section we would plant the English peas extensive and very satisfactory results. in December if we could get them in on well prepared If one is near to a good local market, or has a cheap land and a nice seed bed not too wet. February is freight rate to reach a half million consumers, let often a wet month and one in which it is difficult to him put in a five acre garden ; and, after his family get a good seed bed. If the ground is, however, in is supplied, ship the balance, and see if the five acres nice order they will do well sown in February. in garden crops do not return more clear profit than 4. We would plant the sets whole in December. forty acres in corn or wheat. 5. We cannot find an analysis of dogwood ashes Do not try to cover too much land, but cover it well. but presume they will be about as rich in potash as This should be the aim of every tiller of the soil; other hard woods. This varies from 4 to 5 per cent, especially of every one who lives in this mild and mid- in unleached ashes. This potash is worth about 4 dle latitude, near-the-sea, which insures an equable cents per pound, say 16 to 20 cents per hundred climate, a liberal well distributed rainfall, cheap pounds of ashes. The other main constituent of the transportation, and easy access to ten million con- ashes is lime, which has, of course, some value, but sumers. not much should be added to the price of potash for If Eastern Virginia is once thoroughly and inten- this. Ashes are valuable to use on all the potash lov- sively tilled it will be able to furnish "garden sass" ing crops like Irish potatoes and cabbages and also for more than fifty million consumers. for fruit trees. Norfolk county. A. Jeffees. 6. Scatter the manure at once but there is no im- mediate necessity to harrow it in. This can be done when preparing the land for the crop. ENQUIRERS' COLUMN. 7. If the stock making the manure is well fed stock it should pay to haul it that distance and pay 30 cents it should prefer to have it Enquiries should be sent to the office ofJ The Southern P/an- per load for though we fcr,*Richmond, Va.,"not*later than'the 15th of the month for without the sawdust. There is no value in the saw- replies to appearjin thejnext month's|issue.j"~ dust except in so far as it may help to lighten a piece of heavy land.—En. Cotton Seed Hulls, Corn Shucks, English Peas, Irish Potato Planting in December, Wood Ashes, Manure. Corn on Wire Grass Land, to work corn on sandy 1. Are cotton seed hulls at 50 cents per hundred Please publish the best way . . A. T. Beooke. valuable for feeding milch cows ? wire grass land. 2. Are corn husks fed alone as good for milch cows Essex county, Va. as the stalk fodder ? Corn and wire grass will not grow successfully to- 3. Which is better to plant English peas in Decem- gether. Land infested with wire grass should b© ber or February for early crop ? cleared of this before planting in corn. The way to 4. Should potatoes planted in December be cut or clear it is to shade it densely. This may be done with be planted whole ? a crop of peas or with corn planted thickly for fod- 5. Are pure dogwood ashes worth 10 cents per der or with sorghum planted for a forage crop. Peas bushel for a fertilizer for garden truck and what kind are the best as they will improve the land at the same of truck are they best for ? killing out the grass. The pets should 6. Should manure put on plowed ground this fall time as they are phosphate given them, be scattered and harrowed in ? have a good dressing of acid 7. Will it pay me to haul manure for one mile at say 300 or 400 pounds to the acre, to insure a heavy 30 cents for a one-horse load that has sawdust in it ? crop. Wire grass must have sun or it will not grow. J. L. Beitton. We once saw a field with one of the heaviest wire grass Mecklenburg county, Va. sods on it cleaned almost entirely of it in one year grown for fodder. The 1 . The digestible nutrients in cotton seed hulls are with a heavy crop of corn — — — : 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 755 year following only a small patch here and there used acid phosphate, after digging the peas I sowed where the corn had been thin made an attempt to grow the land in rye for a fallow. This spring I plowed and these were dug out and a perfectly clean field was the rye under, planted the field in corn, which grew the result. It then grew a fine crop of corn. If the large, healthy looking stalks, but not more than two- thirds of the stalks eared. Can tell the land is not rich give the corn some acid phosphate, you me why stalks failed to ear ? J. Roper Johnson. say 300 or 400 pounds to the acre, to ensure a good Dinwiddie county, Va. growth. It is folly to try to grow corn for the grain and wire grass together. It cannot be done. The wire A prolific source of so many barren stalks of corn grass will beat the corn every time. Ed. in our corn fields is the permitting of these barren stalks to tassel and pollenize the other corn. Every barren stalk should be cut out before it tassels or the Farm Management. tassel be cut off before it opens. There can be no About six years ago I took charge of this place, doubt but that the principle of "like producing like" which belongs to a gentleman from New York. He obtains in the vegetable kingdom as well as in the ani- has been coming here about four months in the year, mal. A great addition could be made to our corn crop but now his boys are going to school and he will not be every year if only the practise of cutting out barren able to come down for so long and consequently asks stalks carefully followed every year all over the me to reduce expenses. When I took charge of this was place it was like many places in the South, run down State. Ed. by continually planting corn. I have brought it up help with the of your valuable paper to bring about White Pine, 5 to 6 barrels of corn to the acre, where it brought Will you kindly tell me through The Planter, 2 to 3 before. I have also raised all the hay to keep something about the pruning and care of white pines ? six head of cattle and four of horses, and will be able Here, in exhausted and worn out fields the pine to sell 10 to 12 tons of hay in addition. How can 60 grows luxuriantly and were it not for knots, makes a acres of land be made to pay when I have to drive five beautiful and useful lumber. They come from seed miles to a depot and 25 miles to the nearest town and only, and often a thousand will cluster about a sin- with no opportunity to get a separator if I should gle parent tree. Can we not prune these young pines raise grain. Would, it pay to buy a separator and and grow a forest, free from limbs and knots ? What reaper ? season is most favorable for this work ? What are the rules in taking a farm on shares ? One dead pine infested with a certain worm some- Stafford county. Va. A Subscriber. times proves disastrous to the entire surroundings and We do not think that you would do wisely to buy I am told that it is only at certain seasons that cut- a separator and reaper for such a crop of small grain ting or pruning endangers the pine. Any informa- as you could raise on a 60 acre farm after setting tion will be appreciated. Rurus T. Cox. apart the land you would put in corn, hay and pas- Carroll county, Va. ture. It would seem to us that the best course for you We referred the foregoing enquiry to the Forestry to follow would be to make the place into a dairy Bureau of the Department of Agriculture and have farm. You are on the main line to Washington City been favored with the following reply and not too far from it to ship your dairy products Replying to your letter of November 12, which has there, where there is an unlimited market for these been referred to me for attention, I beg to say that the products when made of fine quality. Make butter or only recent literature available in regard to the care ship cream and use the skim milk to raise calves and of planted white pine is contained in an article pub- hogs for veal and pork. Mr. Sandy, whose farm we lished in Forestry and Irrigation in July, 1902. By described in the last issue, is much further from this applying to Mr. H. M. Suter, Editor, Atlantic Build- market than you are from Washington and he has ing, Washington, D. C, you can secure a copy of this made a success by the adoption of this course. journal. Excellent illustrations point out the various The terms of renting on shares vary in different advantages of artificial trimming and other treatment sections. Here it is the custom very generally to pay for such planted groves. one-third but often other arrangements are made, de- As a rule white pine and other eastern conifers can pendent upon the help given by the owner of the farm be safely pruned from March to April inclusive. This shortly afterward in developing and improving it. Ed. spring pruning is advisable since the spring growth of wood begins and if the pruning Barren Corn Stalks, is properly done the wounds are likely to be healed Last year I planted a field of peanuts on which I over that season. : — — THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December The Bureau of Forestry will shortly publish an ex- with you, though like you, we think nothing can beat haustive bulletin embodying the results of a careful a Berkshire for an all-round useful hog. Ed. study of planted white pine. In this report will be included a chapter on the insect which has become Keeping Sausage Meat, so destructive of this species in planted groves. So We have had a great number of replies to "An En- far as we know now the insect does not enter the tree quirer" as to keeping sausage meat, etc. We select through wounds made by trimming. It appears to the following from those sent in as being sufficient to attack the tender leader and other similar portions of meet the request the tree. As soon as this bulletin becomes available, Replying to "An Enquirer" in the November issue you will receive a copy of it and we believe its con- of The Planter: Have your sausage meat clean tents will be of great interest to your readers. without washing water left in it causes mould Very truly yours, — season, then mill it, and at once, while soft from the Geo. B. Sudworth, Chief. mill, pack closely, leaving no crevices or air pockets. Pack in stone vessels, if for winter use pack smooth- Broomsedge—Red Jersey Hogs, — ly and evenly full, and paste over the top a skin from Would like to get some practical plan to eradicate the side or leaf fat, having first dipped the skin in broomsedge. It takes all vacant land here from new- warm water and stretched it until soft and elastic ; or ly cleared new ground to old fields. I have pasture if the skins are not at hand, leave a space for an inch sod of different grasses—sowed two and three years of warm lard to be poured over your sausage, which ago—good rich, fresh land, too, that is rapidly suc- cumbing to tbe broomsedge. Nothing but cultivation also makes it air-tight. will check it. One does not feel like buying expen- To keep through the summer you must pack in sive grass seeds and building fences for pasturces small sacks and hang up to cure and dry, the same as when one has nothing but broomsedge in the pasture your hams. I use new, rather thin brown cotton, 10 in a short time. inches long. 12 or 14 inches in circumference when A friend in Iowa has sent me a pair of Red Jersey full. Then paste tightly around each roll, over the pigs. Neighbors wish to keep for breeders, but I me cotton sack, a skin from the side lard, treated as above. am partial to Berkshire or Poland Chinas. Are the This prevents too great evaporation, whereby much Jerseys considered a good breed ? What are their of the outside would be hard and unfit for use. general characteristics ? II. D. Lindsay. The bladders from your porkers well cleaned, Surry county, N. C. turned inside out, and blown up to their full size, keep If you could only persuade your neighbours to join sausage perfectly. Pack tight, tie the mouth and with you in getting rid of broomsedge you would soon hang up to cure. Then in Eebruary or by March 1st be rid of it as it only comes from seed and this is eas- drop them in thick strong cotton sacks, to keep off in- ily prevented coming on the plants on your own land sects, and hang high until wanted for use. by running the mower over the pastures before the This same thick cotton—a heavy closely woven un- seed ripens. The difficulty is that your neighbors al- bleached domestic, will keep insects from your hams. low their broomsedge to seed and then this seed, like Trim the hams smooth so the sack will fit without air thistle seed, flies all over the country and seeds itself spaces, sew them on with close stitches, leaving no on every man's land. If, however, you get a good holes, sew a loop to one end, hang high and dry, before sod on your land of the better grasses this will largely the 1st of March. prevent the broomsedge from getting hold. We know For twenty years, of no way to eradicate it but cultivation, though close Russell County, Va. A Reader. pasturing will tend largely to prevent it spreading and becoming troublesome. Replying to Enquirer in last issue about keeping 3. The Red Jersey hogs are very popular out in the sausage: The only successful plan we have ever pur- West. Tt is claimed that they make a better bacon sued is to put sausage up in the casing, then hang up. hog than the Poland Chinas or than the Berkshires Smoke it several weeks until thoroughly cured, and when corn fed. They make more lean meat. There then put away in sacks or in a dark cool place. It can deli- is a much larger demand for them in the East now be kept indefinitely this way and is really more than there was a few years ago. One breeder who ad- cious than when fresh. By "casing" I mean the small vertises them with us says that he cannot supply the intestines which, of course, have to be thoroughly demand he has for pigs, although he keeps a number scraped and cleaned. This requires much care asd of sows. Give them a trial. They should do avoII some experience but is well worth the trouble. An 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 757 ordinary grinder, with stuffer attached, is all that is aside to use in spring and summer. Sausage put up necessary. Care should be used in stuffing to not tear in this way will keep fresh till September following. the casing and also use a needle to puncture the air Greene County, Tenn. L. E. Ottinger. accumulations. H. I). Lindsay. Surry County, Va. Curing Hams, For the benefit of "Enquirer," Pittsylvania coun- "An Enquirer" from Pittsylvania county, Va., ty, Va., I give recipe for curing hams. wants to know a method of keeping sausage fresh until Salt down the pork for about two weeks, take up spring. Make a sack of the best and closely woven and resalt, with one teaspoonful of saltpetre to each cotton goods, three inches wide when smoothed out ham, and three pounds of brown sugar to each hun- (i. e., cloth over six inches before doubling and sew- dred pounds pack down for two weeks more ; take up ; ing) about thirty inches or more long to suit taste and and wash hams in warm water and put them in clean cloth ; soak well in strong brine, stuff the sausage into sacks of coarse, white cloth, which have been steeped the sack with an Enterprise stuffer, stuff so tight that in a solution of lime ; hang and smoke for about three the lard will come through the cloth and look like weeks, and they can then be left hanging the entire frost. Tie the end close to the sausage and hang in a season. I can assure you no insects will molest them dry cold place. A Friend. if thus prepared. Geo. H. C. Williams. Wythe County, Va. Washington, T). C. In answer to the enquiry as to keeping sausage I Cotton Opening- -Draining Land— Feeding Pump- send a receipt which I use and find the meat keeps kins. perfectly as long as required. like to ask opinion To 20 pounds of sausage meat add 6 tablespoonsful I would your advice, or con- cerning cotton bolls on heavy river land caught by the of salt, 3 tablespoonsful pepper, and 1 tablespoon of recent frost, as to whether you think they will open. I red pepper if preferred. Mix thoroughly and pack have noticed by opening some of the hard bolls, that well in stone jars and cover with hot lard, about one while the lint is dry the seed are not wholly made, inch deep. Keep in a cool place. being very soft. T have over fifty acres of such land T generally pack in one gallon jars, as after they are in cotton and have only picked out 14 bales, while the once opened the meat will not keep long exposed to stalks are in most parts yet covered with bolls. the air. Mrs. Dr. ELvlsey. 2. Please give best idea of draining land, where it Fauquier County, Va. is perfectly flat, and inclosed by dykes. Would you suggest making a basin and using "centrifugal I grind nice lean fresh hog meat in the sausage pumps," and forcing the water over the dykes ; if so, mill. To every eight pounds of this ground meat I what size pump ? And the cost of said pump ? There use 5 tablespoons of salt, 4 tablespoons of sage. 2 table- is in this tract of land about 450 acres. spoons of black pepper, f tablespoon of cayenne pep- 3. Is there any truth in the saying that feeding per. I mix this thoroughly and grind the second time milch cows on pumpkins will cause them to go dry ? in sausage mill. Kershaw county, S. C. B. H. Baum. 1. If the weather keeps dry it is probable that a The day after grinding it I make it into cakes and considerable proportion of the bolls will yet open. fry it as for eating. T pack these cakes in stone jars 2. problem of draining such a flat as you de- without crowding, leaving about an inch at the top. The scribe is one for an hydraulic engineer. We have The next day I melt lard and pour over it, completely one such flat on the James river drained by covering the sausage. This will keep all the year per- known run a windmill. In England fectly fresh. Mrs. Slade. the use of a pump by in the Fen district syphons are largely used for this To keep sausage fresh for spring and summer use, purpose. We would suggest that you write The Syd- prepare it as for table use. that is, make it in small nor Pump and Well Company, of this city, on the cakes and fry it nicely in plenty of fresh lard. Put subject. They have had experience with such prob- the cakes as fried into crocks and each time pour the lems.—En. lard over the sausage that you fried it in, and when your crocks are packed full of sausage, let stand till Cabbage Growing—Canada Peas. cold, then if any of the sausage is not covered with the 1 . In the October number you advise sowing phos- lard, put cold lard enough to thoroughly cover. Then phate on cabbage this fall. Would you broadcast this tie a cloth over crocks and put a wooden lid on. and set or put it in drill ? — THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [D'ecember 2. What do you think of drilling stable manure smaller than is sufficient for this purpose apply in the along the cabbage rows after they are set ? Would this drill.—Ed. ' be as good as commercial fertilizer ? 3. I also have a piece of land I intend to set cab- Stencil Ink. bage in next spring. Would you plow this land this Will you give me through your columns a good re- fall or let lie until next spring? If plowed this fall ceipt for making stencil ink to use with a brush for would it be a good plan to sow rye or leave it bare all brass stencils, something that will stand weather and winter ? I expect to manure it over this winter with not rub ? Is it possible to make a white stencil ink ? stable manure and it will have to be plowed some time in March. X. Y. Z. We regret that we are unable to comply with this 4. Would you sow Canada peas before or after request. know nothing of making inks. Inks of Christmas ? Would like to sow oats with them. We Henrico Subscriber. every color for stencils can be hand from The South- 1. If you apply more than 500 pounds to the acre ern Stamp and Stationery Company, Richmond, put it on broadcast. If less than this amount apply Va.—Ed. in the drill mixing it well with the soil. 2. We would prefer to apply the manure in the Drain Tiles. drill covering it before setting the plants. If, how- Will you let me know the address of some one from ever, it is not convenient to do this from the fact of whom I could get drain tile? I would rather deal the manure not then being available then a top dress- directly with the manufacturer. ing later would no doubt help them. If plenty of Jar. T. Garrow. Warwick Co., Va. manure is available you can do without commercial Manufacturing fertilizer, but as cabbages call for a large quantity of The Powhatan Clay Company, Va., tiles. Ed. potash and phosphoric acid, in which elements farm Richmond, make drain yard manure is always lacking, a dressing of these two plant foods along with the manure will be an ad- vantage. APPLES WANTED ABROAD. 3. We would plow the land now but it is too late short to sow rye to get much growth from it before time to Some time ago we called attention to the set the cabbages in the spring. Apply the manure on apple crop of Europe, suggesting that there would be the plowed land and then cross plow to cover the a good outlet for American apples on the other side manure or work in with the cultivator. this fall and winter. Late advices have shown that 4. In this issue you will find advice as to sowing this view was correct. Shipments of apples have Canada peas and oats.—En. been very heavy of late, but the demand for them is so large that prices are well maintained. At Ham- burg last week American apples brought from $2.66 Protecting Cabbage Plants—Manuring for Cab- to $5.56 per barrel, choice Kings topping the list. At bages. London the range was from $2.14 to $4.84, with 1. Would it be well to cover cabbage plants with ; at Liverpool from hay or straw laid on the plants or to put poles over prime Greenings at the top and outside them and lay the hay on the top of the poles ? $2.42 to $5.20, Albermarle pippins at the 2. Is it better to put manure for cabbages on broad- price. With such a foreign market and a crop not cast or apply it in the drill ? W. W. Webster. any too large apple growers should realize good re- Dinividdie county, Va. turns from the orchards which have produced fruit 1. A very slight protection is usually sufficient for this year. cabbage plants in this section. Pine branches placed around the bed and in the bed amongst the plants is usually sufficient. If the weather comes very severe An old broom is useful in the stable to clean the some hay spread lightly over the branches woxild af- thickest mud from the horses' legs. Einish up with ford ample protection. Do not put the bay directly a coarse cloth or a handful of clean straw. on the plants as it would lay too close and cause them to rot. 2. This depends on the quantity to be used. If a heavy dressing is available, sufficient to cover the When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men- whole plot thickly, apply broadcast. If the quantity is tion the Southern Plmnter. 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 759 Trucking, Garden and Orchard. WORK FOR THE MONTH. manure should be spread and on this plow a furrow The planting of cabbage an 1 lettuce crops in the from each side, thus making a ridge over the set. This trucking sections of the State has proceeded with very ridge should be harrowed down in the early spring. little interruption from bad weather and the plants If the plants should show signs of coming through the set out have been able to make a start quite sufficient soil before danger of frost is past plow a light fur- for the time of the year. This work may still pro- row on to them. ceed until we have severe weather but provision should be made for protecting the lettuce plants in A NEW ENGLAND FARMING COMMUNITY. case of severe weather by mulching and by shading with pine boughs on the north and east sides of the A Connecticut Orchard. beds. Young lettuce plants intended for setting out in early spring should also have protection given in Editor Southern Planter: case of hard weather, but so long as the weather keeps While at the American Pomological Society meet- mild leave them exposed, as protecting them in such ing at Boston I was invited by Mr. J. H. Hale, the weather only makes them more susceptible to the hard newly elected President, to visit him at his home. I weather. Lettuce set out in cold frames should have accepted with pleasure for Mr. Hale is the greatest the lights off during the day in all mild weather. They peach grower in the world and a recognized authority require all the air possible until cold weather sets in. on peaches and I knew it afforded me a fine oppor- When really severe weather may be expected mats or tunity to learn. Mr. Hale is a man of unusual parts, straw should be kept handy to put over the lights. As his mind is of broad and comprehensive grasp, quick the plants are cut for the table or for market new and unerring in judgment ; as a speaker he is strong plants should be set out in the places thus keeping the and forcible with a full appreciation of what is hum- beds full. orous; in business affairs he is energetic, practical, and with great faith which is productive of great The pruning and cleaning up of the orchard and works. His orchards at South Glastonbury, Ct, small fruit plantations should receive attention. Burn number over 50,000 bearing trees while his orchard all prunings and trash and thus destroy insects and in Georgia is up in the hundreds of thousands, his fungoid spores. force of hands between five and six hundred and his shipments of fruit go out by the car loads, and train Strawberries may still be set out though it is ques- loads. Like most men who have attempted great tionable whether it is not better to defer planting until things Mr. Hale has been subject to much criticism. spring when the work has been so long delayed. To grow fruit on the abandoned farms of Connecticut Wherever plants are now set out they should be or the cotton fields of Georgia was pronounced ab- mulched with pine tags or short straw to prevent heav- surd, his methods were condemned and his failure was ing of the plants by frost. freely predicted. But with pluck, tireless energy and administrative ability of the highest order Mr. Hale In Tidewater and Middle Virginia and Eastern kept on and to-day he has one of the best organized North Carolina Irish potatoes may be set for a very and most successful agricultural enterprises in the early crop. We have had very satisfactory reports Touted States. from a number of subscribers who have tried this De- At Hartford we left the K Y., N. H. fr H. R. R. cember planting. Special care, however, must be and took a trolley running in full view of the State taken in planting. The land should be deeply plowed House, crowning a hill in a splendid park. It has an and finely broken and the rows be then opened very unusual history for a public building. Three million deep by running the plow twice in each row, and the dollars were put at the disposal of six citizens, three land should be a dry sandy loam. Apply a good po- Democrats and three Republicans. They had the tato fertilizer in the rows and mix with the soil. Then building completed in the very best manner and not drop the sets which should be uncut and of medium only had no deficit but returned over $70,000 to the size at the usual distance apart and cover lightly with treasury. soil. On top of the soil a good covering of farm yard The trolley line runs through an unique agricultu- oO THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December ral community; for fifty miles it extends along a growth. The effect has been splendid on the trees, and broad highway, shaded by handsome elms and sugar a part of the orchard, cultivated once, shows a decided maples, with farmers' houses built up on either side improvement over a part where there was no cultiva- like a continuous street. About every 2£ miles is a tion and where the clover was mowed and left as a school house, church, store, post-office and black- mulch. Mr. Hale is satisfied that no treatment will smith's shop. Thus the farmers have the social ad- equal cultivation. A large block of trees which were vantages and conveniences of city life. The political growing up too high were cut back, the top taken out system is a most admirably democratic one. The of them and now they are full of a vigorous growth country is divided into townships, governed by a of new wood and much lower. The best system is the board selected by the people, Avho levy their own taxes broad fiat tree headed low and kept low by cutting and whose treasurer once a year settles with the board back. Mr. Hale tells me that in his Georgia orchards and with a "town meeting." Ten days before the set- about half the fruit can be picked while sitting on the tlement his accounts are published in pamphlet form, ground, and none of his trees are allowed to grow high. showing every item of disbursement fully and this is The disc harrow, and spring tooth harrow, gang plow put in the hands of the people themselves. There are with three plows, each about the size of a one-horse often several hundred people present at these "town plow, are the tools principally used. Mr. Hale is meetings" and they are fully informed about their cleaning up new ground and planting it out, some of affairs and moneys. it being grubbed clean and some of it with the stumps Mr. Hale's home is an ideal farmer's home, a broad left in the ground. veranda, ornamented with running vines, a fountain, There was one thing it did me good to hear Mr. graceful walks with brilliant flowers artistically Hale say : "I'm not afraid of the San Jose Scale any grouped, so as not to break up, but to heighten the more." Last year it broke out in the old bearing effect of the lawn. The house was built in seventeen peach orchard and Mr. Hale killed it last winter with hundred and something out of virgin oak and wrought the California wash, salt, sulphur and lime. He says nails by Mr. Hale's great-grandfather. it can be relied on to do the work and though his cli- Back of the house is a handsome flower garden, mate has a greater rainfall than ours it was found where colors are massed together with fine effect, and entirely satisfactory. Winter is the season to use it behind this a vegetable garden, and fields of strawber- and we should all in the next few months give our ries for plants, and countless young trees in the nur- orchards a good dose of it. It kills other pests besides sery for orchards yet to come. Utility is combined the scale and is good for the tree. I notice that a re- with ornament, producing a happy effect and sugges- cent bulletin of the Geneva (~N. Y.) Experiment Sta- ting some valuable lessons for us in Old Virginia. tion states that a mixture of lye in the California One thing I learned in growing tomatoes which may wash does away with the necessity of boiling it. a be of value to others. The plant is pruned to two great thing for us if it has been fully proved. branches and these are trained by tying to a polo until Erom an observatory we looked down the hillside they are six feet high, all branches are pruned off ex- over a forest of peach trees and rolling ground to the cept at the top where a tuft is allowed to grow and waters of the broad and beautiful Connecticut river, only the fruit blossoms are left below it. This brings which comes like a silver band through emerald fields tomatoes two or three weeks earlier than the old way from Hartford, seven miles away. The great city and masses the fruit on the two stems for three or spread out with lofty spire and shining dome before four feet. The plants are set deep in the ground and us, the broken line of hills beyond the river, the white hilled up as they grow, cultivation being clean. This steamboats coming and going, all in the mellow sun- method raised the tomatoes which took the medals of shine of a September evening formed a picture of sur- France, Spain and Italy. The peach orchards show a passing beauty, that will always come to memory's master hand, and the dark green foliage, fine growth call at the sound of the name "Connecticut." Gone of new wood—the fruit wood—wide open branches forever is the thought of wooden hams and nutmegs extending from tree to tree, tell the story of good care. and instead rise up with pleasing grace, peaches, royal Mr. Hale believes in clean cultivation and goes over in beauty and rich in flavor, views of picturesque love" his bearing trees ten or twelve times a season. This liness and an openhearted hospitality which would year, in trees that were caught by the freeze, he culti- have done credit to Old Virginia in her palmiest vated once and sowed crimson clover and now the days. Sam'i. B. Woods. "round is covered with clover and the usual fall Albemarle county,, Va. — 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 761 FRUIT CULTURE IN VIRGINIA. $5,500 for the selected apples and has many bushels Editor Southern Planter: of culls left for cider and vinegar. The product of It was my good fortune to spend nearly two months 36 trees sold for $455. Mr. Terry has exported some in Southwestern Virginia this fall, returning home of his finest apples to Liverpool, obtaining $11 per only a few days ago. I had the opportunity of pay- barrel. Daniel Locke, of Kearneysville, picked 1,800 ing particular attention to the apple crop, and made busheds of apples from 60 trees, twelve years old. observations as to fruit growing in Virginia in gen- They brought $1.30 per barrel. The fruit was of ex- eral. Your grand old State has many localities where cellent quality. A few barrels of the fruit will be the raising of fruit for the market can be conducted kept for the St. Louis Exposition. Dr. D. W. Border, with great success. The celebrated "Valley of Vir- of the same county, a pioneer fruit grower of the Val- ginia," extending, we might say, from the Potomac, ley of Virginia, also had an enormous yield of apples. on the east, or southeast, by the Blue Ridge, and on One tree bore 57 bushels, and another 45. His entire the west, or northwest, by the Alleghany Mountains, crop was 2,500 barrels, the largest he ever had. has a variety of soils especially adapted to the apple, The Ben Davis, a Southern apple of showy appear- the pear, the plum, the peach, the cherry, the quince ance and, therefore, very salable, but notoriously defi- and the grape, as well as the small fruits—strawber- cient in quality, is also quite prolific in Virginia, ries, raspberries, blackberries and the like. where it is as popular as in Kentucky, the State of its All fruits did well this year in the section of Vir- reputed origin. The York Imperial, a Pennsylvania ginia visited, but the apple crop was unusually heavy. variety and a great favorite in that State, also suc- "Beautiful apples were hauled into the cities of Roa- ceeds remarkably well in Virginia. The Winesap is noke and Staunton, and to the principal stations of another popular kind, and, on account of its bright the Norfolk and Western and Chesapeake and Ohio color, sells well. There are large orchards in Vir- railroads, to be packed in barrels and shipped. Some ginia in which this variety predominates. That ex- lots were intended for export, a considerable fruit cellent all-round apple, the Smoke House, which orig- trade with England, I understand, having developed inated in Lancaster countv, Pennsvlvania, the jrreat- in the past few years. est agricultural county in the Union; and the red- I find that the leading apple, on account of its great cheeked Maiden's Blush, of New Jersey origin, are productiveness, fine appearance and excellent quality, the popular autumn varieties of Virginia. Not much is is the Albemarle pippin. This variety is. undoubtedly attention paid to the summer varieties, but the identical with the Newtown pippin of the north, but Early Ripe and Yellow Transparent are those mostly it has succeeded so admirably in Virginia, and partic- grown. The Red Astrachan, which is one of the best ularly in Albemarle county that it is now more gen- early varieties in the north, ripens unevenly in Vir- erally known by its local synonym. (We doubt this ginia. In the apple districts of Virginia the orchards are identity. Ed. ) The Albemarle pippin is shipped to the principal not limited to 10 or 20 acres as in Pennsylvania, but cities of the United States, but especially to Wash- there are commercial orchards hundreds of acres in ington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, Pitts- extent, Col. A. M. Bowman, of Salem, a member of burg, Cincinnati and Chicago. Albemarle county is the Virginia House of Delegates, and President of the still the largest producer, and it is expected that this Diamond Orchard Company, has 45,000 trees (apple fall's shipments of apples from that county will ex- and peach, but mostly the former), just coming right- ceed 50,000 barrels. Other counties of Virginia that ly into bearing. Nearby these are orchards of 150 to are large producers are Erederick, Augusta, Warren, 300 acres. This is not equal, to be sure, to the Osage Fauquier, Wythe, Rockingham, Botetourt. Roanoke, Mountain apple district of Missouri, b\it it is quite Montgomery, Nelson and Culpeper, which have been fair for a beginning, as the apple industry of Vir- mentioned in the order of their importance. Each ginia is in its earliest stages of development Possi- will ship this fall from 10,000 to 25,000 barrels. bly we may yet hear of the equal of that Osage Moun- One grower in Roanoke county, twenty miles from tain orchard of 18,000 acres, as the Stuart Land and the city of Roanoke, sold his crop of apples for Cattle Company, of Southwestern Virginia (Russell $16,000. J. Coles Terry, of the Bent Mountain dis- county), owning 40,000 acres of land, was recently or- trict, in the same county, has 4.500 acres at an ele- ganized for fruit growing and cattle raising purposes. vation of 2,800 feet, where he is raising fruit very It is to be hoped, however, that this company will not, successfully. His orchards contain mostly Albemarle like that in Missouri, limit the number of its varieties pipin trees. From 25 acres he realized this fall of apples to two—the Ben Davis and Jonathan. Land THE SOUTHERN PLANTER [December suitable for apple culture in the Valley of Virginia by the thorough application of this wash in winter or and on the ridges, can be had, we ascertained, for $10 early spring. A pure article of lime should be used, to $30 per acre. so as to reduce to a minimum the quantity of gritty There are some varieties of apples which in Vir- sediment. The wash can be readily sprayed through ginia attain unusual size, just as the Yellow Bell- a Vermorel nozzle. flower of the State of Washington is twice as large as The great danger of the orchards of this country the same variety grown in Pennsylvania. The Penn being overrun by the San Jose Scale makes it impera- sylvania Fallawater, or Pound, grows to enormous tive that an unrelentless and unceasing war should be proportions. The writer caught one of the elevator waged, and the remedies to be used should be publish- boys of a Roanoke hotel one day munching an apple ed again and again. There is no excuse for ignorance of this variety, while he directed the operations of the in this matter. Several months ago two physicians of car as it ascended and descended. The apple looked the writer's acquaintance, who had gone extensively to be almost as large as his head. The following col- into fruit culture near the city of Reading, purely as loquy took place : "Boy, where did you get that ap- a business venture, found their orchards infested with ple?" we inquired. "Bought it," he managed to say the scale. Without looking around long for remedies sheepishly, (as though he had been detected in steal- they ordered all trees that had been attacked to be cut ing it), his mouth full of the juicy fruit, and his down. Their loss amounts to thousands of dollars, all cheeks fairly bulging. "What did you pay ?" was the of which could have been saved if the owners of the next question. "Three cents," he said. Then raising orchards had had the proper knowledge. the seat in the elevator he revealed a still larger ap- Nine years ago, at a meeting of the State Board of ple. "Two for five ?" we asked. "Yep," he said, with Agriculture, the writer presented a report making a grin. known the first appearance of the San Jose Scale in The San Jose Scale, that most pernicious insect, Pennsylvania, and gave the remedies that should be has made its dreaded appearance in most of the apple used, recommending more particularly the whale oil districts of Virginia. Fortunately, through the en- soap solution, to be applied to the bark of tree on actment of the State law of March, 1896, the pest is which the scale had appeared, the application to be being successfully combatted. Bulletins replete with made while the trees were in dormant condition. By information on the scale and other injurious insects, the following year the scale had made such progress as well as on fungus and atmospheric diseases of f mit that its presence was reported in twelve counties. Now trees and plant life, are issued regularly from the Ag- in this year of grace, 1003, there is scarcely one of the ricultural Experiment Station at Blacksburg. and sixty-seven counties of the State, in which it has not sent to the leading fruit growers of the State, as well appeared. The necessity for vigorous action is thus as to all who write for them. Tt is to be regretted that apparent. Cyrus T. Fore, Virginia does not appropriate more money for carry- Reading, Pa., Nov. 20, 1903. State Pomologist. ing on this commendable work. The trees (following out the recommendations con- with tained in these bulletins), have been treated SMALL CANNING FACTORIES. either the whale oil soap solution, or the kerosene Editor Southern Planter: emulsion, or both, at the discretion and convenience work in the garden of the grower. Recently, the head gardener and hor- Now that winter has come and pressing, can figure some on ticulturist of the Norfolk and Western Railway Com- and orchard is not we not think of pany, Mr. Patrick Eoy, of Roanoke, discovered the broadening our work next year. Why next year? If there had efficacy of caustic soda for the destruction of the San starting a small cannery in Southwest Virginia this Jose Scale. As to the value of this remedy he has been more small canneries apple crop that been confirmed by the New York State Eruit Grow- year a large per cent, of the immense canned up at a good profit ers' Association, members of which were engaged this wasted could have been season, I expect such a crop next vear in a series' of experiments with caustic soda, in While we must not profit and toma- connection with lime and sulphur. still, other fruits can be put up at a one to three hundred This new wash for ridding tress of the San Jose toes can be grown at the rate of them in this county Scale consists of 33 pounds of lime, 17 pounds of sul- bushels per acre. I have grown of four hundred bushels phur and from 3 to 4 pounds of caustic soda to one (Montgomery) at the rate other vegetable for can- barrel of water, mixed without boiling, thus saving per acre. Perhaps there is no tomato. Canned to- expense and much labor. The scale can be controlled ning that pays better than the 190SJ THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 763 matoes are one of the standard articles of the grocery- pair can tongs, 70 cents; 1 forging hammer, $1.00; man. There is always a demand for them. 1 floor truck, $12.00; 2 dozen peeling knives, $2.00; People in Virginia and other Southern States are total, $158.30. consuming more frnits and vegetables each year. It Such a plant would can everything except corn and is being found out that we can grow large quantities beans. For these two things a closed top kettle is nec- of fruits and vegetables on our soils with compara- essary, and this would cost about $120.00. At least tively small outlay. Sometimes the market prices go a 15 H. P. boiler should be used. A building 20x45 down and these products do not pay well to ship. Just feet is necessary, also good clean water in abundance. here the small cannery comes in and not only saves If the boiler is placed in a separate room it is much what might otherwise go to loss, but makes a hand- better on account of the heat. I am informed that some profit. It puts fruit growing and truck farming a number of persons in Virginia have their kettles set on a more sure basis. in brick work. While this method is much less costly, The cost of small canning factories is now so low it is much more inconvenient. The kettles are more that each individual grower may have one. difficult to clean and the capacity is lessened. Two years ago when I completed some experiments I have had a great many letters asking questions on with a small canning outfit which I had put up for the subject how to can. Full instructions on this j experimental purposes, and had published the results' subject are sent by the factory people when the ma- of my experiments, I received a number of letters chinery is sold. However, the Virginia Experiment j from almost every Southern State asking for more in- Station at Blacksburg has just published an excel- j formation upon the subject. I advocated strongly thei lent bulletin on '•'processing," which can be had by establishment of small canning factories in connection writing for it. with cotton gins, where there is a water supply andj In starting a factory one should have an expert for 1 the boiler and house lie idle during the canning sea- a short while. Labor is usually paid for by the piece son. Now there are a large number of small canning or job. Women and children usually do the best factories in Texas where these experiments were car- work. The prices paid will vary in each locality. The ried on. And since T have come back to my native following, I consider, a low estimate: Peeling toma- State I am informed that Botetourt and Roanoke toes, per 2f gallon bucket, 11 cents; peeling apples, counties can more tomatoes than any other two coun- per 2^ gallon bucket, 24 cents ; string beans, per 2£ ties in the United States. I am glad to know that Vir- gallon bucket, 3 cents ; husking corn per dozen ears, ginia is wakening up along this line. The money that 1 cent. The processor should have $2.00 per day, the is usually spent for these things may be kept at home. capper $1.00, and the tipper less. It was formerly believed that canning factories were The following figures will enable one to estimate very costly, and this belief has retarded development how many busheds it will take to fill a certain number of the canning-industry in the Southern States. of cans: The first outlay for my canning factory was $340, 2 lb. cans. 3 lb. cans. '. and the capacity was estimated at 5,000 cans per day. 1 bushel apples will fill 30 20 However, to be more accurate, I will give here some 1 bushel string beans will fill 30 20 quotations from the catalog of a firm that sells small 1 bushel blackberries will fill 50 33 canning outfits and of whom I purchased mine. 1 bushel corn will fill 45 Capacity estimated at 3,000 3 pound cans or 5,000 1 bushel peaches ('standard) will fill. .25 18 2 pound cans per day. Kettles set in brick work or 1 bushel peaches (pie) will fill 45 30 attached to steam boiler. Process kettle, 36 inches in 1 bushed tomatoes will fill 24 18 diameter by 36 inches deep, $18.00; exhaust kettle. Three poxuid cans will cost about $2.25 per hun- 36 inches in diameter by 24 inches deep, $16.00; dred. Two and one pound cans will cost less, of scalding kettle, 30 inches in diameter by 24 inches course. deep. $14.00; 3 sets grate bars, 3 furnace doors, or 3 The freight on cans is rather heavy since our near- steam coils if boiler is used. $15.00; 2 gasoline fire est shipping point has been Baltimore. Now, I un- pots, complete, $32.00 : 2 6-tier process crates, derstand a can factory has been established in this $14.00 ; 2 1-tier exhaust crate, $7.00 ; 1 set crane fix- Strife at Buchannan. I strongly advise starting a tures, $10.00; 4 capping machines, $3.00: 4 copper small factory at first and then enlarge it as more ex- cappers, $4.00; 2 tipping cappers, $1.00: 2 scalding perience is acquired. A great deal depends upon good baskets, $2.00; 1 forging handle, 25 cents; 1 forging business management. Labor is one of the most cost- stake, $2.50; 1 vise, $2.50; } dozen files, $1.35; 2 ly items and this part of the business has to be looked 764 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December after closely. But the profits are usually very sat- ORCHARDING. isfactory with good management I may discuss Editor Southern Planter: this subject, further in another number. In setting an orchard, experience has proven that Montgomery County, Va. R. H. Price. it is best to head the trees low, that is, let the tree limb out near the ground. It is best for several reasons. It THE BITTER ROT OF APPLES. prevents sun-scald of the body by shading the South and Soutlvwest sides of the trunk of the tree in spring, We take the following advice as to treatment for slimmer and winter, and making a healthy body will this disease from a Bulletin recently issued the by entirely eradicate the flat-headed borer, one of the Bureau of Plant Industry, Department of Agricul- worst pests in the orchard which has not been properly ture: set. 1. The bitter rot or ripe rot is one of the most seri- I discovered while working in my father's orchard ous diseases of apples. The loss due to this disease in 1876, that trees headed low were healthy bodied in 1900 was estimated (for the United States) as and free from flat-headed borers, Avhile those headed $10,000,000. It is one of the most difficult diseases high were injured by the sun, and were invariably at- to control and is constantly on the increase. tacked by this pest. Many articles have been written 2. The bitter rot is due to a fungus, Glomerella about how best to fight this enemy. For more than rufomaculans (Berk.) Spaulding & von Schrenk, 20 years I have not had this insect to contend with in hitherto generally known as Glceosporium fructige- any of our orchards, amounting to over 2,000 acres. num Brk. Low headed trees entirely eradicated them. In order 3. This fungus until 1902 was known only, in its to get a low headed tree, we formerly had to raise our conidial stage on pomaceous fruits and grapes. The own nursery stock. Now, your nurserymen will pro- perfect or ascus stage has since been discovered both vide you with a low headed tree, if you ask for it, and in cultures on fruits and in artificial cankers on the I would not plant any other. apple limbs. To make a low head does not require a forked head. 4. The fungus attacks ripening apples during July Trim to make a centre. I will treat of trimming in and August, and is most virulent during moist, hot a future article. A forked tree will sooner or later summers. It is most active on apples in the belt of split in a wind storm, or when loaded with fruit. You States on the line of the Ohio river, from Virginia on can prevent forks, and make a head with a centre the Atlantic Ocean to Oklahoma in the West, and when they are small and thus let the trees start prop- southAvard. erly. Another advantage in low headed trees is that 5. During the past summer canker-like areas were it prevents wind storms from topping or uprooting discovered on apple limbs from which the disease them so easily. It also preserves part of the crop seemed to spread. These cankers generally occurred from storms, as the limbs near the ground will be in the upper parts of trees and contained spores of the loaded with fruit while the storm takes the top fruit bitter-rot fungus, as proved by direct inoculations into nearlv all off. Do not be afraid that the fruit will apples. not properly color. I have gathered more than a 6. Inoculations into healthy apple limbs of bitter- barrel of fine apples resting on the ground from the rot spores from pure* cultures of the bitter-rot fungus lower limb of a single tree. A low headed tree also (made both from diseased apples and cankers) re- saves one-half the expense in picking, as most of the sulted in the formation of cankers similar to those fruit can be gathered while standing on the ground. found in the orchards. Spores from these cankers Another point to be observed in setting trees is with produced the bitter rot in sound fruits. This proves reference to the direction of the prevailing winds. beyond doubt that the bitter-rot fungus is the cause To illustrate : Here in the Ozark our prevailing wind of the cankers on apple limbs in the orchard. is from the Southwest, and the hot sun on the orchard 7. The spores of the bitter-rot fungus are washed in spring, summer and winter is from that direction. from the cankers onto the apples below the cankers. Therefore to properly set trees, they should be lean- Spores are carried from tree to tree by insects, and ed to the Southwest about 20 degrees or more in set- possibly by raindrops. ting them, and the tree, before it reaches the age of 8. One of the best methods for combating this dis- bearing will be perpendicular, if not leaning to the ease will consist in carefully cutting out all cankers Northeast. A tree planted perpendicular at the time during the winter. These should be burned at once; it is set will lean to the Northeast before it is bearing, All diseased apples on the ground or in the tree should and thus be injured by sun scald as above stated. It be collected and destroyed. As a further precaution, is, therefore, important in setting a tree to observe trees should be sprayed with standard Bordeaux mix- this precaution. ture at least once before the buds open, and again fre- A tree should be set in the orchard not deeper than quently from midsummer until the fruits are almost it stood in the nursery. There are several reasons ripe. why this is best ; not only to prevent the "root rot," — 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 765 but to prevent other diseases, and also the aphis. A Fameuse, Jonathan, July, Ontario, Rhode Island tree set near the surface will not be so easily killed Greening, Smith Cider, Smokehouse, Twenty-Ounce, by the round headed or root borer, for when the tree White Pearmain, Wine and Yellow Transparent is set deep in the earth it is easily girdled and killed With many of the varieties in this list not more than by this insect, but if the roots start at the surface, this one blossom in a hundred set fruit when self-fertil- borer will usually follow and kill but one root, and ized. With scarcely any was a good crop secured, the tree will throw out new rootlets, and the orchard and in nearly every instance the fruit has been not die so readily from this pest. smaller and less desirable than cross-pollinated fruit A tree set properly with its roots near the surface The conchision seems inevitable that large blocks of a will seldom have aphis. It is best in setting your single variety of apples should never be planted. Va. trees to take about 10 or 15 pounds of tobacco dust rieties should be intimately mixed in the orchard to and place it in a large candy pail or tub full of water insure cross-pollination. These varieties should be and let it soak for a few hours, and just before set- such as will blossom about the same time and capable ting the young trees dip the roots in this solution ; it of cross-fertilizing each other. is a preventive of aphis. With respect to the latter point, Jonathan, Hunts- Springfield, Mo. S. A. Hasetvtine. man, and Cooper Early proved especially valuable as pollenizers at the Kansas Experiment Station. Prof. G. H. Powell at the Delaware Station found that SELF-STERILITY IN APPLES. Paragon, Staymen, Winesap and Lily of Kent, all C. B. S.. TJ. S. PEPT. OF AGRICULTURE. weak pollen bearers except the latter, to be inter- About ten years ago Prof. M. B. Waite called at- sterile, and should therefore never be planted together tention to the absolute sterility of certain varieties in commercial orchards for the purpose of cross-polli- of pears when fertilized with their own pollen. Later nation. Further work along these lines to determine Prof. E. A. Waugh and others showed that all the what varieties bloom together and are most suitable varieties of Japanese plums and practically all the for pollenizing each other is very desirable. And native American plums are self-sterile, and will not since varieties behave differently toward each other bear any fruit whatever unless crossed with other in different sections of the country, these data should varieties. This work led to similar investigations be determined in many different localities. Ameri- with apples and very interesting results have been can Agriculturist. obtained. The Ben Davis apple, which proved self- fertile at the Kansas Experiment Station, was found VIRGINIA CORN EXHIBIT AT ST. LOUIS. entirely self-fertile at the Experiment Stations in Virginia corn Rhode Island, Vermont and Canada. Even in Kan- As a further incentive to stimulate sas, where 26 per cent, of the self-fertilized blossoms growers to make a creditable showing at the St. Louis set fruit, it was found that the self-pollinated fruit Exposition, the Virginia Commission have decided to was not so large or so vigorous as the fruits from offer $120 in premiums as follows: $50 for the best cross-fertilized blossoms on the same tree. Besides, exhibit of corn, from any county to consist of ten or a much larger proportion of the self-fertilized fruits more varieties of 100 ears each : $30 for the next best reached size of a hazlenut dropped before they the exhibit from any county, of ten or more varieties, and than of the cross-pollinated fruit. $20 for the third best exhibit from any county, of ten The following aphabetical list shows the varieties or more varieties, and $20 as before offered, for the of apples that have thus far been found by actual best one hundred ears sent in by any grower. trial at one or more experiment stations to be self- All corn competing, will be exhibited under the sterile: Arkansas Black, Belleflower, Astrachan, prize winner not, and Ben Davis, Blenheim, Canada Red, Early Ripe, Eng- competitors name, whether a or lish Russet, Fameuse, Fanny, Gilpin, Golden Pear- all exhibits sent in, must be sent with the understand- main, Gravenstein, Grimes Golden, Hawley, Hunts- ing that they are to become the property of the Com- man, King, Lily of Kent, Mammoth Black Twig, mission for this purpose. Competent judges will be Mann, Missouri Pippin, Nero, Northern, Northern chosen to make the awards in this competition, and Spy, Paragon, Porter, Primate, Red Kennedy, Red notice of the winners will be published in the State Island Greening, Roseau, Streak, Ribston, Rhode papers. Roxbury Russet, Spitzenberg, Stark, Staymen, Straw- The Commission will pay freight charges on all berry, Talman Sweet, Wealthy, Westfield, Williams shipments, which should, be packed in substantial Favorite, Willow Twig and Winesap. boxes or barrels and shipped by freight to Geo. E. The following varieties have been found more or Murrell, Superintendent, No. 14 Governor street, less self-fertile and capable of producing some fruit when standing alone, and not cross-pollinated: Alex- Eichmond, Va. Va. Com. to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. ander , Astrachan, Baldwin, Ben Davis, Bough, Cooper Early, Chenango, Early Harvest, Esopus, Richmond, Va., Oct. 26, 1903. V 766 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [D'ecember Live Stock and Dairy. THE DUAL PURPOSE COW. more than attained a maximum since large farms are In replying to an inquirer as to the relative merits being divided. I believe in the dual purpose cow. of different breeds of cattle, and especially as to the Her place is on the arable farm, where the farmer is value of Red Polls for the ordinary farmer in the not a dairyman in the special sense, and where pro- South, we remarked that cattle of this breed had duction is sufficient to justify the rearing of steers for done what no other breed had done—viz., take first beef. This means that there is a place for her on premiums as beef cattle at a fat stock show, and first probably two-thirds of the farms of the United States, premiums at a dairy show. Commenting on this and that on these she can be reared more profitably statement, the editor of Practical Earmer (Prof. than either of the other two classes of cows. There Massey), in a late issue of that journal, takes strong are in America five pedigreed breeds of dual purpose ground in favor of the keeping of breeds of cattle cows. These are the Shorthorn, the Polled Durham, bred for specific purposes, and against the dual pur- the Brown Swiss, the Red Poll, and the Devon. The pose cow. He remarks that "a jack of all trades dual purpose cow is at present far more numerously seldom is as good as one with a definite hobby, be it represented in the graded than in the pure bred form." a cow or man. Good dairy form and capacity in a In England the dual purpose cow is most numer- cow is an entirely different thing from good beef ously represented by the milking type of Shorthorn, form, and no one animal can have both types in per- but the Red Poll comes as "good second." One or fection." Whilst there is a good deal of force in other of these types are to be found on almost every what the editor says as to a jack of all trades, yet we farm. The pure dairy types are there only found would remind Kim that there is another type of man on few farms. The Jersey is almost solely confined who fills a very wide place in the world whilst not to the home farms of the great land owners and to essentially a specialist—viz., the man who "knows the small farms of gentlemen who keep them for a something about everything, and everything about domestic supply of butter. The dual purpose Short- something." So, in like manner, we think a cow horns and Red Polls furnish nearly the whole supply which meets the needs of a very large class of the of milk for the great cities and towns of that country, farmers of the country is a valuable cow, even though and the farmers keeping them supply a very large she be not so specialized as to only perfectly fill one part of the steers which are fed for the meat supply of place in the economy of the farm. Such a cow is the those places, and also a great number every year of fat dual purpose cow, and that she can be found, the ex- cows and heifers which have failed to breed. This perience of English farmers and many in this coun- is the beauty of these breeds in the eyes of the Eng- try conclusively proves. The Breeder's Gazette says lish farmer. If they fail to breed and become milk- this week that the supremacy of England in live stock ers, they will make as good beef as the beef breeds, is unquestioned and unquestionable, yet we venture and will do it profitably. A bull calf from one of the assertion without hesitation or fear of contradic- these cows is as readily and profitably made into veal tion, that more than three-fourths of the cattle in that or into a feeding steer as a bull calf from any of the country are dual purpose cows. Our position on this beef breeds. Here, as there, no one wants a Jersey or question of dual purpose cows cannot be better stated grade Jersey bull calf. He will neither make good than in the words of Prof. Thomas Shaw, one of the veal nor a profitable steer. Only a few days ago we best judges and most experienced cattle men in this noticed a communication in the Breeders' Gazette country. He said in stating his position on the sub- from a correspondent in Missouri complaining that ject : "I believe in a special dairy cow. She includes when the steer buyer comes around and asks for a the Holstein, Dutch Belted, Ayrshire, Guernsey, Jer- bunch of steers his first question is "Any Jerseys sey, French Canadian, and Kerry of the pedigreed among them ?" If you are unlucky enough to have a breeds in America. Her place is on farms where Jersey or Jersey-Shorthorn steer the buyer will tell cattle are kept almost entirely for the dairy products, you he cannot use him or "you take that Jersey out," which they furnish, or in the stable of the individual or I will give you $5 less for that Jersey-Shorthorn who keeps but one cow. I believe in the special beef steer. If you ask the reason why, the answer is, "He cow. Her place is on the range or on the large farm, won't feed, a poor seller, spoils my other steers." This where circumstances forbid the milking of the cows is exactly the position of our farmers in the South. by hand. Her domain in America has probably They have got this Jersey blood so spread amongst 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 767 the cattle here that instead of being able to supply a as fast and as economically as those of any pure beef large part of tbe feeding stock of the country we are breed, and the fat stock show records give them a practically shut out from this market and have to high place. On thin lands probably no better type waste feed and time fitting these ill-favored animals of a dual cow can be found than the Devon. She is for local markets where they sell at about half the only small but she gives milk enough to make a fat price that a good steer ought to fetch. The great ma- calf and supply a family, and will raise steer calves jority of our farmers cannot be dairymen if they that will feed into useful beef, and this at a mini- would. ' They are not so situated as to be able to mar- mum cost for keep. What the Southern farmer gen- ket the produce and if they were their entrance upon erally needs now is cattle of this type. When farms the business would be the signal for such a drop in are more generally improved then he should take up the price of dairy products as would make the busi- the pure beef breeds, and raise steers that the great ness unprofitable. In the neighborhood of large feeders want, or that he can feed himself into prime cities or where the farm is on the direct road to North- beef for the great markets. These beef breeds will ern cities and not too far away from them, there is an give milk enough to raise their calves but no surplus opening for dairying, and there the pure dairy breeds for the family or for sale. The dual breeds will do should be kept, but speaking generally the type of both and do both profitably. The special bred cow cow needed on the farms of the South is one which like the specialist amongst men has a place to fill but will give an abundance of milk to supply the farmer's that place whether for the cow or the man is not the family and hands and a few nearby people in the olace to be found on the great majority of farms or small towns and will raise fat veals and good steer in the great mass of the people. calves for feeding. The Shorthorns and Red Polls will do this and high grades of these types not hav- ing any Jersey admixture of blood in them will be INOCULATION FOR TEXAS FEVER. almost as serviceable. Until our pastures and feeding Editor Southern Planter: capacity are improved, we find by experience that the Messrs. W. M. Watkins & Sons, of Charlotte coun- Red Polls better meet our needs than even the Short- ty, Va., seem to think, judging from their letter in horns. They are not such heavy cattle and have not your November number, or attempt to try and show been so long accustomed to high living as the Short- that inoculation is nothing but a notion. I have tried horns. Hence they do better on our thinner pastures quantities of both, salts and sulphur, too. I venture and coarser feed. In England the Shorthorns and to say, of the 20 or 25 head of cattle lost from our Shorthorn grades do better as the pastures and feed herd within the past two or three years from tick- are there much better. We have kept Shorthorn fever, that they had been treated to more than 100 grades (high ones) in England that made 22 pounds pounds of salts, and quite a lot of sulphur. Nothing of butter per week giving over three gallons of milk is absolutely safe but inoculation and parties who at a milking, and have made these cattle into fat beef contemplate purchasing pure-bred cattle to carry into weighing from 1,200 to 1,500 pounds, and their bull ticky districts, should secure them now and have them calves into steers weighing 1,500 or 1,600 pounds at inoculated about the first of January and again the two and one-half years old. In this country a grade first of March, and have this work done by a veteri- Shorthorn cow weighing 1,500 pounds in fair flesh narian of tick-fever experience. Salts and all other has given 9,628 pounds of milk in the year and made remedies failed in case of Mr. R. F. Moss, of Booker, 439 pounds of butter, and would at any time, when Va., and likewise in case of the Norfleets at Roxobel, dry, have made a 1,600 pound fat beef cow. Whole N. O, and if others would testify from an honest pur- herds of Red Polls in England have averaged 6,000 pose, you would doubtless be surprised to know the pounds of milk in the year and several cows have pro- fatality from just nothing but ticks. diiced over 10,000 pounds of milk. In this country If parties who "want immune cattle could see this in the Red Poll herd of Capt. Hills, of Ohio, several Angus bull, they would soon be convinced that he had cows have prodxiced over 10,000 pounds of milk in battled fearfully with ticks, for he bears the scars to the year and one cow produced 52,858 pounds of convince even the most doubtful. As a rule, when milk in five years. Against steers of these two dual you find a cow, sick with tick-fever, she is then too breeds there is no discrimination by buyers. They far spent for salts or sulphur even should they be the are as freely bought as the steers of the true beef best of remedies. breeds as it has been found that invariablv thev feed Being thoroughly convinced of these facts as I have : : : : 768 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December found them out and conclusively proven them to be into head and were not turned off until it was dead true, I stand solidly on this rock, "Inoculation," and ripe. They were put on the first lot of cow peas with one before firmly feel when the plants were vining and were turned off when "Come one, come all, this Rock shall fly, it was in full bloom. They went on the sorghum when " it From its firm base as soon as 'I.' was in early bloom and were turned off when it was Halifax county, N. C. C. A. Williams. dead ripe. When placed on the second lot of cowpeas the pods were beginning to form ; when taken off there were many ripe pods. When put on the soy beans the pods were well formed and the plants were dead ripe LIVE STOCK SALES IN CHICAGO. before the hogs were removed. The American Swineherd of Chicago says that Six pigs were run on the crops mentioned. While market alone has received up to November 1st on oats and cowpeas they received corn meal ; while 402,000 cattle more this year than they did last, and on sorghum and matured cowpeas they received wheat the receipts of hogs for the same period show a short- meal ; and while on the soy beans, corn meal. The age of 460,000 as compared with the same time "last meal was fed at the rate of one pound per head per year, and this applies to oq£ market only. day. The gain of the individual hogs was as follows On oats one-half pound, on young cowpeas one-half pound, on sorghum one-quarter pound ; on matured ; pound. The F9RAGE CROPS AND PORK PRODUCTION. cowpeas one-half pound on soy beans 0.8 six pigs weighed 240 pounds when they went on these It is well known that swine are healthiest and do crops and 745 pounds when they came off. With hogs best when given plenty of exercise and kept in sani- of the weight indicated, an acre of oats would have tary surroundings. The hog in a state of nature is a fed six pigs 248 days or 82 hogs 15 days. clean animal, feeding on grass and herbs and having An acre of cowpeas just vining would have fed six his lair in some secluded, well drained spot. He also pigs 187 days ; sorghum, six pigs 67 days ; cowpeas, is careful about his domestic habits—a strange con- six pigs 113 days; soy beans, six pigs for 124 days. trast to the degraded creatures which are so often This would be at the rate of 643 pounds of pork from found shut up in filthy pens by indifferent owners. an acre of oats ; 562 pounds from an acre of partially Where such conditions prevail it is not surprising to ripened cowpeas; 400 pounds from sorghum; 366 find hog cholera a dreaded scourge. If these same pounds from matured cowpeas, and 600 pounds from animals were given the run of a large pasture, chol- soy beans. Had corn meal been fed with the cowpeas era would soon disappear and they would become when nearly matured, they would doubtless have healthy, contented animals paying a handsome profit made a much better gain than that indicated. to the owner. There is no section of the countrv These facts show beyond the question of reasonable where some grazing crops cannot be had throughout doubt that soiling crops can be utilized to the great- the greater part of the year. Where bluegrass or est advantage in the production of pork in the middle other tame grasses and red or alfalfa clover can be south, and that a large amount of pork can be secured had, they are excellent for the purpose, though they from an acre of land with a very small consumption will probably not fatten animals so rapidly as a good of grain. A. M. Souxe. succession of crops such as can be grown in many Exp. Station, Tenn. localities. In this respect the south is particularly favored, for a succession of crops can be had from seven to nine months of the year, or throughout the IN VIRGINIA. entire year, if one includes the winter growing ce- CATTLE QUARANTINE reals. If a succession is properly planned it is quite The State Veterinarian issues the following notice possible to put young hogs on grazing crops in the to cattlemen, railroad companies and others doing spring and with a limited amount of meal, finish business in Virginia them for the market by November or December; in "BLACKsnuBG, Va., Nov. 12, 1903. other words, in a seven to nine months' grazing period. From November 1, 1903, to January 31, 1904, in- This means the production of extremely cheap pork. clusive, cattle from the quarantined district of the The grazing experiments here discussed were com- State of Virginia may be moved for purposes other menced in June, 1902, at the Tennessee experiment than immediate slaughter to the non-infected area station and were concluded in November the same within the State of Virginia, after inspection and year. They are initial and subject to modification. upon written permission by an inspector of the Bu- The succession of crops used was winter oats, June 2 reau of Animal Industry, or a duly authorized in- to July 10 ; cowpeas, September 3 to October 7, and spector of the State of Virginia. soy beans from October 7 to November 8. The hogs The following bureau inspectors will inspect cattle were ptit on the oats when the grain was just coming at the points named below, viz. a 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 769 Dr. J. M. Goode, at Roanoke, Va. ; Dr. G. C. Fa- foot" to ride. A brisk canter of four miles and wo ville, at Norfolk ; Dr. Yingist, at Union Stock Yards, were at the gate opening into the first large pasture- Richmond, and Dr. D. C. Hanawalt, at Lynchburg, fifty square miles in extent. Just as the sun Va. peaks above the horizon we halt and Bob If the Boards of Supervisors of the different coun- ^ gives his orders, "Charlie, you and Jim work ties wish to have local men appointed to do this in- left front, Hank you take left centre, George, specting, in order to move cattle to the non-infected Tom and I will work right. Mr. French, you area of this State (said local inspectors to be ap- can work center, will at pointed at the expense of the counties where the in- we round four mile—a wind specting is done), then the names and addresses of mill four miles from the starting point." Then out these men. who are recommended by the supervisors they circle, and who that has not been there can realize to do this work, should be sent to the office of the State what it means to gather in a "round up" all the cattle Veterinarian, at Elacksburg, Va., at once, in order on fifty square miles of range. In the course of an that said local inspectors may be instructed, duly hour or two black cattle are appearing in groups on authorized and appointed by the Board of Control of the horizon, the work goes on and by noon what a the State of Virginia to inspect cattle from the quar- sight ! Enough to swell an Angus man until he antine district of the State, and when said cattle are "busts" the buttons off his vest. Eight hundred shiny found to have no ticks on them, then the inspector black beasts coming in lines from all directions as if may give a written permission allowing these cattle they knew what was wanted and were out looking for to be moved across the quarantine line. that particular mill. they were all in the J. G. Ferneyttough, wind Soon State Veterinarian. bunch and seven cow boys in a circle about them. Bob remarks, "Seeing that horse fellow—the boy with the A BIT OF THE RANGE. bunch of 65 horses from which to select remounts for Editor Southern Planter: the boys' afternoon work—isn't in sight yet we had Channing next boss ! kill will something for din- A gentle shake by Sam and I better a beef so we have then—as the patient fails to realize the situation— ner." Suiting the action to the word he uncoils his more vigorous shake, this does the business. The rope and that red calf which ought to have been born "tenderfoot" is on his feet and has his toilet complete black anyway, is soon on the gallop across the plains just as the train pulls into the pretty little town of toward the chuck wagon, making a good deal of noise, Channing, Texas, way up in the Pan Handle and I will admit, but game to the last, and doing much right pretty it certainly was that November morning better than would most of us in his place. The cook at 2 :30 with the full moon shining as the moon shines meets him a few rods from the wagon, "falls on his only on the great plains. Making his way to the hotel neck" and in fifteen minutes the boys had beef for to finish that nap the writer finds the concern has dinner, and such beef, beef the like of which only an changed hands since last winter, the jolly Irishman Angus knows how to produce and a plainsman knows has given place to a more staid Yankee, but the bell how to cook. The chuck wagon at about 1 o'clock was boy is the same and with a fist in his sleepy eye he one of the prettiest sights the writer ever looked upon. welcomes us in true Texas style. We are soon tucked Anyway it appealed to him in a manner to be remem- away in a cosy bed there to remain a couple of hours, bered. The boys seemed to see beauty in it also. By then up and breakfast before day. Stepping into the the way they come on the gallop at the signal from office after breakfast we were greeted with "Hello, Mr. Jack, the cook, and Jack can cook. The writer hopes French ?" to never again be ! had to come back again did you Turning —on account of his health— I was glad to see Mr. Bob Duke, foreman of the "Rito tempted with such hot rolls, roast beef, pork and Blanco" division of the great X. I. T. ranch. A jolly beans, baked yams, boiled potatoes, coffee, etc., as good fellow is Bob. A cow man every inch of him. Jack set before us. Take it away, boys, was the sig- Soon Col. Boyee, the hustling manager, comes in. nal for every man to get a tinplate, knife and fork, After he has told a couple of his good stories and we spoon and tin cup, and then—I blush at the memory, have used up considerable of N. C. tobacco he re- and for hours afterward felt for that Angus calf. marks, "The boys are saddling up and as you are go- After doing justice to Jack's dinner the writer's real ing out with them would you prefer to travel in the work begun, as one hundred and twenty top two yep r buggy or on horseback V* What a question to ask a old heifers were to be cut out of that mass of eigbr North Carolinian even if he is an adopted son. I hundred before night. Cutting individual wild cat- chose the saddle, of course, and so "Pinto" was tle out of a large bunch is no boy's play. One must brought out—he being well along in years and in the select the animal he wants, follow her closely with opinion of the boys perfectly safe for the "Tender- his horse in and out through the surging mass, grad- —d : 770 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December ually work her to the outside, then with a touch of the THE WORLD'S YEARS BUTTER FAT RECORD horse with the spur he dashes between the heifer and BROKEN. her mates, by dodging and whirling manages to run Oharmante of the Gron, No. 14442, was imported h«r several rods away, when a couple of the boys give by Mr. H. McK. Twombly in 1901 from the herd of Mr. E. A. Hambro of Kent, England. She was chase and run her to the new bunch that is being dropped July 7, 1896, and is registered on the Island formed. This process is gone through with in the case as 3944 P. S., R. G. A. S. Her sire is His Majesty of the one hundred and twenty head, and just at night 952 P. S., R. G. A. S., known in England as MaChar- fall we start them off toward their "bedding ground" mante 4890 E. G. H. B. She was bred by Mr. J. where they are to be guarded for the night, which — Bourgaize, Gron, St. Savior's, Guernsey. Charmante place is near where the chuck wagon is stationed. The of the Gron is a very well marked cow, of good dairy said chuck wagon had been in the writer's thoughts conformation, with excellent udder, and a great credit for some time previous and his mind had strayed back to the breed and to Mr. Twombly's choice herd. She to the subject at more frequent intervals for the past dropped a bull calf October 6, 1902, and he is devel- hour. We welcomed Jack as a brother and were soon oping into an animal of much promise and is known doing justice to an excellent supper, having been as Florham King, No. 8401. joined a few moments before by several of the boys Her year's record began October 11th, 1902, and the requirements for her admission to The Advanced from one of the southern divisions of the ranch. We Register were 10,000 pounds milk ; 360 pounds but- make a merry crowd. A prize is offered to the man ter fat. The results of her year's work are as follows who can tell the biggest lie. In this contest the writer Milk. , Butter Fat. got nearly to the "head of the class." Lbs. Per Ct. Lbs. Soon Bob said it was time to turn in. Each man October 11-31, 693.56 4.9 33.98 pulled his roll of bedding from the top of the wagon. November 1,194.94 5.3 63.33 A long strip of canvass, 6x14 feet, three woolen December 1,142.25 5.4 61.68 blankets and a thin feather "tick" is the outfit for January 1,121.06 6.1 68.38 58.10 each man. The end of the canvass is laid on the February 1,019.25 5.7 March 1,108.50 5.6 62.10 ground, the tick on that, one blanket under the sleeper April 997.-10 6.0 59.84 two blankets the other end the canvass over and the May 1,078.20 6.2 66.85 bed is made. Bob and I sleep together. "Better pull June 1,013.00 5.6 56.72 that canvass over your head, Alf., it will be d — July 864.85 5.7 49.30 before morning." followed instructions frosty We August 769.45 5.7 43.86 and after taking this precaution found Bob had told September 710.25 6.0 42.62 the truth about the weather. Along in the night we October 1-10, 162.05 6.0 9.72 were awakened by the worst noise imaginable. In- This record was supervised in connection with the quiring what's the trouble was informed that it is New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. Not Jack calling us to breakfast. The writer has often only does the work of the year greatly exceed the re- wished for a more extensive wardrobe but can truth- quirements of the Register, but it is the best year's fully say one pair of trousers was all he cared to have record of a cow of any breed in the world, where pub- to pull on that cold morning. In about thirty min- lic supervision has been given same. It is equivalent butter, an average of 2.16 utes we had dispatched our breakfast, then—by that to 789.2 pounds of or pounds butter a day. time it being light enough so we could see the cattle Mr. Jos. L. Hope, the able superintendent of Mr. the bunch was started for the railway, twelve miles Twombley's Florham Farms gives the following data distant. There they were rested until the following as to the feed consumed by the cow during the year. morning when just before day they were loaded on Bran 1726 lbs. the cars and the long trip, eighteen hundred and fifty Gluten 833 " miles, wasi)egun. Eleven days later we arrived at a Cotton seed meal 160 " Borrowing a neigh- little station in North Carolina. Linseed meal 134 bor's horse the writer unloaded the "blacks" and drove Corn meal 58 them four miles in a pouring rain. On arriving be- Middlings 58 " fore a certain house we were greeted with "Papa's come! Papa's come!" and the cow boy and girl of Total 2969 lbs., or 8 lbs. a day. to-morrow arrived on the scene. This record is certainly a credit to the cow and her After all, there really is "no place like home." owner, and to the careful management which Mr. Rockingham Co., N. 0. A. L. French. Hope has given her. Wm. H. Caldwexjl. : : —; 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 771 The Poultry Yard. GRAIN FOODS FOR LAYING HENS. number of eggs laid in the twelve months was no less With the object of comparing the values of differ- than 187, or 34 per cent, in excess of the number laid ent kinds of grain as foods for laying hens, some in- in the pen fed on oats alone. teresting experiments have been carried out during Oats, therefore, proved an admirable poultry food the past few years under the direction of the Techni- when mixed with an equal weight of maize, but the cal Instruction Committee of the Cornwall Co. Coun- value of this mixture was reduced when the propor- cil. Thirty pullets were selected and divided into tion of oats to maize exceeded one-half. The supe- six pens of five birds each. The nature of the food riority of this mixture over all other foods in these given to each pen of five pullets and the number of experiments is emphasized by taking the figures for eggs laid is shown in the statement below the year ending 31st of March last. In this period, Pen 1, wheat alone, yielded 561 eggs; Pen 6, maize No. eggs laid alone, yielded 546 eggs ; and from Pen 5, mixture of Food. in 12 months half maize and half oats, 701 eggs were obtained. Half maize and half oats 732 The Farmers' Gazette. Wheat 723 Maize 648 Two-thirds oats and one-third maize 633 EGG-LAYING BREEDS COMPARED. Oats 545 Earley 447 One of the most elaborate egg-laying competitions on record was recently brought off in Australia. In Broadly speaking, all the pens which received this test, which was conducted under government aus- maize held relatively better positions during the last pices, over 40 lots of pullets competed. Each lot of nine months of the experiments than in the first three. birds was provided with a pen of 6 feet by 5£ feet, The pen fed on wheat laid seventy-one eggs more than where the birds were kept and fed for six months. either of the other pens in the first three months, but The prizes were offered both for number and weight fell to second position with only four eggs more than of the eggs produced : an account was kept of the cost the pen fed on maize in the last nine months, and of feeding as well as the market value of eggs. eighty-four less than those fed on half maize and half The 246 hens competing averaged 57 eggs per hen, oats. Though wheat lost ground relatively to cer- but the largest number laid was by a variety known tain other foods, during the latter part of the experi- as the Imperial, each hen of this breed producing 71 ment, it was considered not improbable that it might eggs. Six pens of Silver Wyandottes averaged 70 generally prove, as shown in the experiment, the bet- eight pens of Black Orpingtons, 65 ; and five lots of ter food during the first three months of the year. Buff Orpingtons but a few points below, nearly 65 This point appeared to be of such importance that ar- then followed Buff Wyandottes, White Leghorns, rangements were made to continue the experiments in Golden Wyandottes, White Wyandottes, and White the first three months of 1903, with the three pens Orpingtons, the older breeds:—the Andalusians and Nos. 1, 5 and 6, around which special interest cen- the Minorcas—coming last with less than 40 eggs. tered. The resxilts of these latter experiments are So much for the breeds, but when we come to indi- shown below vidual pens of birds we find that the black Orping- No. eggs laid tons took the first place; a lot of six pullets at seven Food. in 3 months. months old at starting laying 548 eggs, averaging 26 Maize 117 ounces to the dozens Silver Wyandottes at eleven Wheat 128 months old laid 519 eggs, weighing 23 otmces per the weighing Half maize and half oats 184 dozen ; remaining breeds producing egffs two ounces each, with the exception of the Anconas, It is held that if the results of these experiments whose eggs weighed 26 ounces to the dozen. It is are adverse to the adoption of any theory as to the worthy of notice that throughout the whole of the proper ratios of nitrogenous to non-nitrogenous sub- competition the value of the eggs laid was $1.56 per stance, they throw some light on the question as to hen, which after deducting the cost of the food left a the value of the different grains. This is especially profit of 88 cents each, the winning Black Orpingtons true of barley and oats when used alone. Pen 4, with realizing a profit of $2.18 per head. Nine pens of one-third maize substituted for the oats, laid eighty- birds laid less than 400 eggs in the six months; the eight eggs more in the twelve months than Pen 3, fed most productive month being September, followed on oats only, and when the percentage of maize was by July and August, corresponding with our March, still further raised to one-half, the difference in the January and February. ; 772 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER [December The Horse. NOTES. den through the war by Mr. Bryan and was noted for At Montezeuma Farm, the country place of City her endurance. Rather a remarkable feature in the Sergeant James C. Smith, in Henrico county, near pedigree of Ephraim Toodles is that he traces directly the city, the horses are doing nicely. Trainer M. F. to Boston 4 times through his dam, while through the Hanson has them in charge. The stable includes sire, Toodles, Jr., a son of Odin Bell, 1409 and from Clarion, 2:1 5^, b. g., by Russell Rex, d. Helice, by "Kate Flight, by Red Hawk, son of Red Eye, he gets to that famous son of Timoleon. This Norval ; Estuary, 2 :19£, ch. h., by Expedition, 2 :15f, another cross dam Wavelet, 2:244, by Belmont; Eliza Ingram, is breeding which will doubtless be approved by those 2 :20J, ch. m., by John R. Gentry, 2 :0(H, dam Blon- partial to copious infusions of thoroughbred blood. dette, dam of Governor Holt, 2 ; :15, by Leland Hul- t&r* *£& t^* man, 2 :20, br. g., by Quartermaster, dam Winnie D., by Hannis; Miss Thompson, 2:204, br. m., by Too- George M. Harden, of Raleigh, one of the best dles, Jr., dam Primrose, by Hetzel's Hambletonian known of North Carolina horsemen, has returned Luminant,h., m., 3, by Hummer, dam Lizzie Mills, home after quite a successful campaign through the by B. Homer; Zack, ch. g., 4, by Sidney Prince, Maryland, Virginia and North Carolina circuits of 2 :214 dam Thrift, dam Admiral, 2 :17£ and of Wil- fairs and race meetings. With Petronel, 2 :19£, by lie Shaw, 2 :294_, by Meander; Dr. Floyd, b. g., 5, by Expedition, 2:15^, dam Petrol, by Onward, he won Sidney Prince, dam, the dam of Albert C, 2 :164, by the last six races in which she started and the big Clay; bay colt, 1, by Toodles, Jr., dam Virginia chestnut mare is still eligible to the 2 :20 class. The Cooper, by Bourbon Baron, second dam Virginia bay mare Amyline, record 2 :30 this season, purchased Maid, dam of Mosul, 2:09^; Ginger, ch. m., 4, by not long since of Richard Cromwell, Jr., Baltimore, Guy Fly, dam Virginia Cooper ; Ephriam Toodles, has trialed in 2 :20| and seems likely to trot fast with b. c, 4, by Toodles, Jr., dam Baby Dean, by Willis, further development. She has raised two colts. Amy- and Flower, bay mare, pony, by Toodles, Jr. line was sired by Egwood, 2 :18-?>, dam the great brood mare Virginia Maid, dam of Mosul, 2 :09^r, etc., by Sam Purdy. The bay gelding Sweet Hector, by Di- Ephraim Toodles, the bay colt, four years old, by rector, dam Sweet Alca, by Alcazar, is being driven Toodles, Jr., 25291, dam Baby Dean, by Willis, on the road. John Trotwood Moore, the Tennessee bred pacer, bay stallion, 4, by Hal Wooldridge, 1 2223, son of Jay Bird ; bred and owned by James C. Smith, is probably held in higher regard than any worked a mile in 2:22, quarters in 31} seconds, but other trotter in the Montezeuma Farm stable. Mr. was not started this season, but was kept over and should do to campaign in 1904. Smith has owned and campaigned Mosul, 2 :09^ ; Ros- ter, 2 :12;f, and a score of others with fast marks, but # J* * this scion of the Toodles family on the score of good looks, speed, steadiness and disposition, comes nearer Robert Bradley's stable of runners has done pretty well at this season, the ideal at Montezeuma than all the rest. Weighted Chicago being credited with win- down by a name likely to handicap the average per- ning about $13,000. Racing for the season has ended former Ephraim Toodles trotted the Deep Run Hunt at the "Windy City" and the stable is now at the Ben- nings track, track in 2 :20 last season as a three year old and came Washington, D. C, taking part in the meeting of the Washington Jockey Club. Peter Paul, the last half, which is an uphill grade, in 1 :074, and the old son of finished strong at that. C. A. Pnsey drove him. The two year Aloha and Eminence, by imp. youngster has not been handled this season, but will Kkyrle Daly, who was such a consistent winner dur- ing be jogged regularly during the winter and go into ac- the early part of the season, is being given a well tive training again next spring, when if he keeps earned rest and Mr. Bradley looks upon him as the winner of the Chicago Derby for 1904. right much is expected of him. Baby Dean, the dam From Wash- ington the stable will to the of this colt, was bred by Mr. Joseph Bryan at Labur- be shipped Bradley Farm, num Farm, as was the second dam Jennie Dean, by Wilcox Wharf, Va., and wintered there. Among Mr. Bradlev's yearlings, most of whom are by Aloha, the King Bolt, son of Lexington, by Boston ; and Zopyra, sire of are the third dam, by Stannton, son of Red Eye, also, by Robert Waddell, some prospects and from for Boston, while the fourth dam was Jennie Dean, a the lot he looks several real good ones, probably daughter of Boston. the equal of Peter Paul. J& t3* *3^ %£fr *2fr %5* Baby Dean, the dam of Ephraim Toodles, was rid- The Virginia Polytechnic Institute Riding Club 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 773 has recently been organized at Blacksburg, Va., and way, and other crack performers, he consented to dis- its future outlook is bright. Later this organization pose of the Sidney Prince gelding. will be most likely merged into a hunt club. Dr. J. Jl Jl Jl G. Ferneyhough, the State Veterinarian at Blacks- The stable of steeplechase horses, eleven in num- burg, is president; Prof. Bolton McBryde, vice-pres- ber, owned by the former Virginians, Messrs. A. B. ident; Maj. T. G. Wood, secretary and treasurer. and J. Temple Gwathmey, father and son, of the Cot- Among those who ride with the club are Professors ton Exchange, New York, who race under the non de McBryde, Wilson, Dabney, Moncure, Ferneyhough, plume of "Mr. Cotton/' has been sent to Canada to Dr. Ferneyhough, Mr. Dabney, Cadet R. E. Ferney- be wintered. The Messrs. Gwathmey's- stable in hough, Maj. Wood, Mrs. Rasche and Misses Virginia eludes the well known brown gelding Eophone, 6, by and Picket Heath, Ethel Lockwood, Susie McBryde imp. Rigolette, dam Vestalia, by Tom Ochiltree, bred and Maude Lacy. Dr. Ferneyhough, president of the by Robert Neville, Welbourne, Va. club, has recently purchased for a hunter, the hand- t£* fcS* «5* some thoroughbred gelding by Eric, dam Gipsey Girl, Sidney Clay, bay gelding, 4, bred on the Eastern and changed his name from Commonwealth to Tem- Shore of Virginia, and sold during the summer from pest. Foxhall Farm, Norfolk, Va., to E. E. McCargo, of j* jt ji Philadelphia, is showing up well in his work, having A very prominent performer on the great Harlem recently shown miles close to 2 :15. This horse was River Speedway, New York, is the chestnut gelding sired by Sidney Prince, 2:21 :j, dam Miss Clay, by Angelus, 2 :12^r, a Virginia bred trotter, who was Clay, the son of Walker Morrill. He is highly foaled in 1891 and made his record at Cleveland in thought of by Mr. McCargo, who found him very 1896. This tall son of the dead pacing stallion Whit- erratic in the beginning, but has now gained his con- by, 2 :18^, and Winnifred, by Brennan, thoroughbred fidence and looks for the gelding to go very fast in son of Orion, was bred by the late Thomas M. Hewitt, 1904. of North Bend Farm, near Weyanoke, on the James Jl Jl Jt river, and was always speedy from his yearling form "West Cairns," the picturesque home of the young up. Neilson, grand dam of Angelus, produced the .authors, students of pedigrees and breeders of thor- big bay gelding Roy, 2 :30, the only standard per- oughbred horses, Kenneth Browne and H. B. Boone, former to the credit of Carlos, the son of Crottendon near Charlottesville, has been leased by its owners that formerly headed the stud of the late Col. J. L. for a couple of years. Mr. Browne has removed to Carvington. Neilson was sired by Star of the West, New York to continue literary work, and Mr. Boone Curies, son of by Revenue, and back of this thorough- sroes to Ttalv, where he will studv art. Messrs. Browne bred infusion came a cross of Morgan blood. and Boone own the stallion Chiswick, son of imp. ijm t^m ^* Mr. Pickwick, and some choicely bred brood mares Jay Boy, 31144, the big bay stallion by Wilkes and colts. Boy, owned by E. A. Woodell, formerly of Danville, Va., but now of Atlanta, Georgia, is in winter quar- White Oak Maid, the high stepping trottingbred ters near the latter city. Jay Boy trotted a trial in mare, with whom Mr. Reginald Vanderbilt captured 2:15-$ in 1902, but trained off and was never able to several prizes at the New York Horse Show, was pur- show his true form in a race. The son of Wilkes Boy, chased during the past winter by Mr. Vanderbilt hmvover, made good tbis fall and Avon a couple of from Jack Spratley, Dendron, Va. The latter ob- races during the same week at Birmingham, Ala., in tained the mare in Kentucky and brought her to his October and trotted to a record of 2 :22|. Jay Bov farm in Sussex county, Va. was foaled in 1894 and bred by J. W. Bethell, of ^* ^* ^* Sharp, N. C, who owned his dam Lena Wilkes, a At the fall meeting of the Los Angeles Racing As- daughter of Jay Bird and Patchena, by Mambrino sociation, Los Angeles. Ca., the Virginia thorough- Patchen, 58. bred sires, Eon and imp. Water Level, were each rep- jt Jl S resented by winners of the races. Eon heads the Mr. A. B. Gwathmey. of New York, has sold to E. stud of Capt. R. J. Hancock «v Son, while Water Level E. Taylor, Washington, D. C, the fast trotter Forney, is premier at the Annita Stud, of A. D. Payne. jl jl jl 2 :194 ; bred on the Eastern Shore of Virginia, and sired by Sidney Prince, dam by Bendee. When just The Ellerslie bred filly, Chanterelle, 4, by imp. right this horse can show a half close to one minute Charoxus, dam Ada Belle, by Eolus, has won several and has stepped shorter distance at even faster rate races at Latonia this fall. Chanterelle started in a of speod. Mr. Gwathmey was not over anxious to number of races during 1903, winning three and fin- part with Forney, but owning Tiverton, 2 :114 : Sena- ishing second and third in some half dozen others. tor Mills, 2:12}. king of the Harlem River Spood- Broad Rock. 774 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER [December Miscellaneous. THE GREAT ROANOKE FAIR. by Haynes L. Morgan, of Saltville, Va., was the fine Editor Southern Planter: bull, "Marmaduke." There were also a number of Although rather late a few words should be pub- head of Jersey, Devon, Ayrshire, Guernsey and other lished in the Southern Planter in regard to the first dairy breeds on exhibition. fair of the Roanoke Industrial and Agricultural As- For cereals, root crops, vegetables, fruit, plants sociation, which was held at Roanoke, Va., on Octo- and flowers, as also for poultry, large tents were pro- ber 23-24. We had expected the editor of your val- vided, the time having been too short for the erection uable journal to accompany Governor Montague to of buildings. The display in each of these depart- the fair, and to have had the pleasure of reading an ments was creditable. account of this great exposition of Southwestern Vir- In a room, 50 by 150 feet, under the grand stand, ginia's resources from his smooth-flowing editorial were the art and domestic departments.. The former pen. In this, however, we were all disappointed; in addition to paintings, drawings, crayon work, etc., and then in the following week, after all the accounts included needlework and embroidery. The domestic and expenses, including premiums, had been settled, department embraced bread, cakes and pastry, butter, it was too late to send a report for publication in your preserves, jellies, honey and vegetables and fruit in November issue. glass jars, as also home-made wines and cordials. It may be said, however, that the fair was a great These departments were in charge of ladies, by whom success in every respect. Certainly, financially, for the room had been most elaborately and beautifully a profit of several thousand dollars was made. We decorated. doubt if a better attended fair was ever held in Vir- Agricultural implements and machinery, farm ginia. The grounds were thronged every day, and wagons, plows, traction engines, portable saw-mills, immense audiences heard Senator Daniel, on Thurs- farm gates and fences and miscellaneous farm neces- day, and Governor Montague on Saturday. sities covered several acres in the northeastern corner The horse display comprised horses for breeding of the grounds. The leading manufacturers of the purposes, standard-bred trotters, heavy drafts, saddle country were represented. horses, coach and carriage horses, light draft, trot- The races—trotting, pacing and running—were ting-bred non-standard, dray, express and fire horses, very attractive, and the large grand stand, the quar- family carriage horses, horses for business and pleas- ter-stretch, and every advantage point from which the ure, saddle horses, roadsters, ponies, mules, jacks and hotly contested races could be seen, were crowded. jennets. O. M. G, a Baltimore horse entered by William Nich- Virginia and West Virginia were represented in olson, of Greensboro, N. C, established a track record the cattle department by their choicest specimens of of 2 :15i for the new course. An unfortunate acci- the beef breeds. S. W. Anderson, of Greenbrier dent occurred in the seven-eighths mile dash, when the county, West Virginia, showed his fine Ingleside herd chestnut mare, "Flat Denial," owned by 0. E. Jor- of pure-bred Hereford cattle, at the head of which was dan, of Dublin, Va., broke a leg and had to be killed. the noted bull, "Van." The ladies' arid gentlemen's riding contests were Shorthorn, Aberdeen- Angus and Hereford cattle exceedingly interesting events. Eight ladies, of the were exhibited by the Agricultural Department of the best families of that section of Virginia, competed in Virginia Polytechnic Institute, of Blacksburg, Va., the former. The blue ribbon, which carried with it through the courtesy of D. O. Nourse, Professor of prizes of over $100 in value, went to Miss Louise Agriculture. The thoroughbred bull, "Governor Ty- Price, of Botetourt county, a most graceful rider. ler," which drew first premium over seven herds at Miss Verta Phelps, of Cave Spring, took second ; and the district fair held this fall at Radford, Va., headed Mrs. Cosby, of Roanoke county, third. Colonel W. the Shorthorns from this institution, which also had W. Berkley, a dashing rider, was awarded the bine on exhibition the thoroughbred Aberdeen-Angus bull, ribbon in the gentlemen's contest, with Dr. Bragg "Fife." second. Registered Holstein-Friesian cattle were shown by The undersigned, who came from Pennsylvania to C. T. Lukens, B. P. Huff and Joseph A. Turner. At officiate as manager, had the benefit of the liberality the head of the herd of registered Herefords, entered and indefatigable energy of the officers and executive — — 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTF^ committee, so indispensable to the achievement of suc- inches was toe-nailed flush with the inner face of each cess. It was their perseverance and co-operation that sill and closely lined with 1-inch boards. As the inner resulted in the equipment of the new fair grounds in surface was being lined sawdust was filled between the almost incredible time of six weeks. In that time the inner and middle lining, thus forming another the grounds were enclosed with a 14-foot high fence non-conductor of external heat. which measured one and a half miles around ; a first- The upper story of the building is used for storing class half-mile track was constructed ; a commodious ice, thus cooling the air in the top of the building grand-stand, with seats for 1,600 persons built, sev- which sinks and in turn cools the rooms below. This eral hundred horse stables and cattle stalls provided, is the general principle that governs the construction the box stalls for the trotting horses being especially of all storage houses that depend on ice for the pro- fine; and macademized walks were laid out all over duction of a low temperature. This second story is the place. But, then, the weather was very favorable, divided into two rooms, one of which is the ice storage there having been rain only twice, and then at night, room in which the supply of ice is stored and the other during the six weeks. is the ice chamber, in which is held the ice that cools The officers and executive committee who labored the refrigerating room directly below it. A door so hard to bring about success, and who are deserving there are two doors, one above the other in the parti- of particular commendation, are as follows: Presi- tion dividing the upper and lower rooms—in the ice dent, James P. Woods; Vice-President, Edward L. chamber communicates with the outside. This is Stone; Secretary, W. L. Andrews; Treasurer, R. H. double, having both air and sawdust chambers, and is Angell, and R H. Angell, A. L. Sibert, Louis Scholz, flared as are the doors of a fire-proof safe. It is used J. H. Wingate and Henry Scholz, members of the for unloading ice and is the only outside entrance into Executive Committee. Cyetts T. Fox. the second story. The refrigerating room in the first [Pressure of business prevented our attendance at floor is the compartment in which the temperature is the fair much to our regret. We congratulate the So- to be reduced and in which perishable products are to ciety on the success achieved and Mr. Fox (a tried old be stored. Leading into this room is a cooling room fair veteran) on his excellent management. Ed.] which is to he used as a general purpose storage cellar. A small entrance room protects the doorway leading into the cooling room. This is the only entrance to COLD STORAGE ON THE FARM. the first floor. Editor Southern Planter: The flooring is laid tight in the storage room and The ice house I shall describe is built in a hillside provided with a slope of 2 inches toward the center. of such a slope that the first floor is on the level of the To prevent leakage the floor of this room has a sheet surface and the second floor a few feet above the sur- iron covering. In the ice chamber adjoining, the floor face at the other side. Where such a situation is not is laid with 2 by 4's set on edge with 1-ineh spaces be- convenient the second floor can be approached by a tween. This provides for air circulation and water bridge. The basement is used for storing fruit. drainage. The sloping floor beneath leads the water In localities where field stone is plentiful the cellar into a gutter which carries it down and out through can be cheaply built by using the stone in cement, the cooling room. The floor structure of the second making a ground wall. Broad 2-in. planks were held story must be strong and well braced so as to carry in place by substantial staging to form a box having a the heavy load placed upon it. Heavy staging carry- width of IS inches. Into this box the dry stones were ing 2x12 inch joists will give ample support for the placed. Small stones may be shovelled in. After get- ice chamber and storage room. ting a layer 10 inches thick, thin mortar composed of The roof to the second story should be built so as to good lime and cement was poured in until the box was make it as near a non-conductor of heat as possible. filled. The operation was repeated, moving the Dead air spaces are the cheapest and most easily con- planks upward as the mortar set until the desired structed non-conductors. This is essential in the ceil- height had been built. ing as it has the double duty to perform of holding Sills S inches by 12 inches were placed flatwise on the cold in and keeping the heat out. A large attic is these walls on which studding 2 by 6 inches was toe- provided, roofed with shingles. Metal should never nailed. The studding was weather boarded on the be used. The ceiling in the second story is provided outside and lined closely on the inside with inch with ventilator shafts so that perfect ventilation can boards. This constituted an air ehambor -6 inches he secured during cold weather. wide around the entire building. Studding 2 by 4 Whei'e drain tile can be had what is known as a : : 776 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December V joint in the drain will provide for the escape of confound the knots caused by wooly aphis with this water and prevent the ingress of air. A box drain disease. with an opening 2 inches square can be constructed 5. Apparently, crown gall can be readily inocu- where tile cannot be obtained by any ordinary me- lated from a diseased plant into healthy ones, hence chanic. diseased The V-shaped part is constantly filled with plants should not be allowed to remain among water healthy ones in the orchard. and prevents the ingress of air. The drain is Cultivating the orchard may possibly serve to spread the disease placed at such a slope that when the V becomes full by carrying diseased tissue from one tree to another, the surplus flows from the ice house. but we have not definite date to cite in support of this proposition. The ice pond is near the house, almost on a level Wm, B. At-wood/ with the top floor. In filling the ice is pounded so as Exp. Station, Blaclcsburg, Va. Mycologist, etc. to have as few air spaces as possible. After melting about 4 inches from the sides of the storage room the space is filled with sawdust and the ice should also be covered on top about a foot deep. In warm latitudes GOOD ROADS. ft grove to ward off the intense summer heat is desira- ble. If there is no grove plant about a dozen North Washington, D. C, Nov. 19, 1903. Carolina poplars, a rapid growing tree, on the east, Congressman W. P. Brownlow, of Tennessee, to- south and west sides. Geo. H. C. Williams. day reintroduced in the House his well known good Washington, D. C. roads bill. Acting on the criticisms of opponents and the suggestions of friend, Colonel Brownlow has re- vised the bill somewhat, but all the important features have been preserved. The new bill appropriates CROWN GALL OF APPLE TREES. $24,000,000 to be used as a fund for national aid in the improvements of highways. This is The Virginia Experiment Station has been con- sum made available during the next three ducting investigation into this disease now common years, at the rate of eight millions annually. No State or sub-division on nursery stock in this State. In the course of the thereof can secure any part of this investigation the station has clearly ascertained fund without rais- ing an amount equal to the share received. The dis- that trees of the finest vigor yield readily to the at- tribution among the several States and territories is tacks of the disease. Observation of recently planted to be made on an equitable basis so as to leave no room orchards sIioav that it is not usual for trees showing for "log-rolling." In reference to the bill, Colonel an attack of the disease to form a normal root system. Brownlow said to-day The root system is weak and confined to the surface. "I think my good roads measure has made wonder- Such trees can be readily shaken thus revealing lack ful progress during the past year. Conventions all of depth of the root system. The Mycologist is also over the country have endorsed it, and a number of of opinion that badly diseased trees such as are now State legislatures have adopted resolutions in favor very commonly found in nursery stock will not ordi- of it. The number of public men who have come out narily come into fruiting. The conclusions reached for it has exceeded highest expectations. In the are as follows my West and South the sentiment for the bill is espe- 1. The organism which produces the abnormal cially strong. large Senators growth known as crown gall on the apple appears to A number of and mem- gain entrance to the apple seedling in the nursery. bers from those sections have assured me of their will- 2. The diseased seedlings can be detected by inspec- ingness to support the measure, and it will also have tion. The unusual amount of fibrous roots at and be- some strong support from the Eastern States where low the crown being the characteristic depended upon State aid has paved the way for National aid. I can't for recognition of the trouble. see how any man representing a rural constituency 3. Nurserymen can select the seedlings used so as can vote for a river and harbor bill and refuse to vote to largely control this trouble. No one should ex- for my bill. And I don't see how any one who wants pect to entirely prevent its occurrence in the nursery the rural free mail delivery extended in his State or now that it has become so wide spread. district can refuse to support a measure to aid in im- 4. Persons planting fruit trees should reject with proving the roads, for bad roads are almost the sole the greatest care all trees which show the cancerous obstacle extensions. I hopeful of getting growth about the crown or a sufficiently abnormal de- to such am velopment of fibrous roots about the crown to warrant the bill up for discussion in the House early in the ibelief that the plants are diseased. One should not regular session." — 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 777 THE PUBLISHER'S NOTES. Southern Planter TO ADVERTISERS. PUBLISHED BY All advertisements and matter The Standard COUP! THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING pertaining to advertising must For Quality.... RICHMOND, VA. reach us by the 25th of each We carry the largest stocks Issued on 1st of each Month. month. Please bear this in mind. and do the largest business in Farm Seeds in the Southern States. This, together with J. F. JACKSON, Our January Issue. our twenty-five years' practical Editor and General Manager. Our January issue will be as knowledge of the seed busi- ness, enables us to supply B. MORGAN SHEPHERD, usual our annual holiday number. seeds of the highest quality at Business Manager. It will be gotten up in specially de- as reasonable prices as good signed covers, and every depart- seeds can be sold. TERMS FOR ADVERTISING. ment will be full of seasonable and Prices of Farm Seeds, Seed Rate card furnished on application. Grain, Seed Potatoes, etc., interesting matter. In addition to quoted on request. Catalogue TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION. this, we are going to make it some- giving descriptions and full in- formation all THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 1b mailed to what of a biographical number. It about seeds mail- subscribers In the United States and Canada ed free. at SOc. per annum; all fa-reign countries and is our intention to show the faces the city of Richmond, 76c. and give a brief sketch of the fore- REMITTANCES should be made direct to T.W. WOOD & SONS, this office, either by Registered Letter *r most agricultural leaders and Money Order, which will be at our risk. When made otherwise we cannot be rospoaslble. teachers of the present day. We Richmond, Virginia. ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of tie Post- Offlce to which your paper is sent. Tour are sure that it will be very inter- name cannot be found on our books ualess this Is done. esting for our readers to see "what WE INVITE FARMERS to WTite us on a»y manner of men" these teachers are. agricultural topic. We are always pleased to receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti- As the edition will be quite cles, Suggestions How to Improvo THE PLANTER, Descriptions of New Grains, large, it will naturally be a very Roots, or Vegetables mot generally known, Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved attractive proposition to advertis- Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel- come. Contributions sent us must aat bo ers, and we ask all of our friends have furnished other papers until after they to send us in their ads at the ear- appeared in our columns. Rejected matter will be returned on receipt of postage. liest possible date. Do not wait to Grow Paper-Shell SUBSCRIBERS falling to receive tkelr paper "How Pecans," regularly, till promptly and will confer a favor the last minute, as every year FREE. Best varieties in U S. True to by reporting the fact at oace. are compelled to leave out a variety. THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to we Cinns cut from bearing trees by what time your subscription Is paid. goodly number. member of firm. Full descriptive Cata- NO ANONYMOUS communications or en- quiries will receive attention. logue of ALL FRUIT trees, free Address— THE SOUTHERN PLANTER- IMMUNE HEREFORDS. B W. STONE & CO., Thomasville, Ga RICHMOND, VA. We will sell at Auburn, Ala., on Feb- ruary 3rd, 1904, 50 head of registered Herefords under the Alfalfa Bacteria - DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S management and auspices of the Alabama State Exper- COLUMN. iment Station. This sale will be held Infected Soil Cotton Seed Hulls, etc 754 in their barns especially fitted for the Can be obtained from Ewell Farm Ex Corn on Wire Grass Land 754 occasion. The cattle have already been perimental 1'iot A perfect stand three Farm Management 755 shipped there for innoculation and can years of age, abundantly supplied with Barren Corn Stalks 755 be seen there from now on by intend- root nodules Price $1.00 per 2 bus. burlap bag. weight about 150 lbs., f White Pine 755 ing purchasers. They are being thor- o. b. E well's Station, Tenn. Broomsedge Red Jersey Hogs... 756 oughly innoculated against the tick — GEO. Keeping Sausage Meat 756 fever by the State Veterinary Board, CAMPBELL BROWN, Spring Hill Tenn Curing Hams 757 and will be perfectly immune by the Cotton Opening—Draining Land sale date. Feeding Pumpkins 757 We are sending 30 bulls and 20 fe- 1,000,000 Cabbage Plants at $1.50 Per M. Cabbage Growing—Canada Peas. . 757 males, which carry the blood of all of EARLY JERSEY WAKEFIELD, Protecting Cabbage Plants—Ma- the leading sires of the day. About CHARLESTON, SUCCESSION and nuring for Cabbages 758 half of them are sired by the record Stencil Ink 758 priced Acrobat or are by his best sons. "FOTTLERS IMPROVED BRUNS- Drain Tiles 758 The rest are by such bulls as the WICK." $10,000 Crusader, the $2,000 Conquerer, 50,000 Dahlia and Canna Bulbs. the $1,000 Earl of Carlemont, the great A neat Binder for your back num- MARK T. THOMPSON, Rio Vista, Va. Earl of Shadeland 73rd, the prize win- bers can be bad for 25 cents. Aidrau ning Beau Rowland, and other such our Business Oslce. noted sires. A few of the females will be in calf to our record breaking tAbtLolUn STRAWBERRIES. The earliest! erry Champion bull Britisher, the greatest crown and The Beet Early Market Berry* Mention the Southern Planter in Its superior carrying qualities and beautiful red color make bull of two continents. It Terr popular In all the big market*. I h&re millions of plants of thUand other Tarietiei now ready. ... _. , , . — ., - .. . writing. This consignment is a pick of four Send for fra* oauiog todaj. «. F. ALLEN, Salisbury, Md. 778 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December of the best herds in Kentucky and is the choicest lot of cattle ever sent South both as to individuality and breeding. Experts who have exam- ined them at Auburn, pronounce them a wonderful lot and good enough to be used in any herd in the United States. Our experience with the Southern farmers convinces us that they appre- ciate good cattle and the only draw- back has been the fearful losses from fever. Even cattle that have beta raised in the tick infested districts fre- quently succumb to the scourge when moved from one place to another. Ex- perience and science have demon- strated that the one absolute preven- tive and guarantee against this disease is innoculation. The cattle we offer for sale at Auburn, Ala., February 3rd, are immuned from fever by careful Santa, where's that and thorough innoculation. by the State Board, and can be seen by those interested, at the Experiment Station, running with tick infested cattle. The State of Alabama sent Dr. C. A. Cary up to Kentucky looking for pure bred cattle and he was so well pleased with our cattle that we sold him four Don't disappoint the boy at Christmas- here Dr. Cary choice calves. While time — buy him a rifle or shotgun and was so impressed with the scale and teach him how to use it properly. Tempt finish of our Kentucky Herefords that him to a fresh-air life. Let him feel the wholesome he persuaded us to send this consign- influence of the finest sport in the world. Train his eye and ment South, as according to his judg- steady his hand before a target or make his blood run faster in the hunt for game. ment wc have just what the Southern farmers need to improve their herds SEND FOR OUR FREE BOOK OF 128 PAGES with. , Parties interested in good live stock It tells about the "Stevens," gives pictures and prices. Contains 1 1 articles on Hunting , Fishing , Canoeing, Target Shooting, will do well to note the date of this etc. sale and wait till then for purchases. At that time spring will almost be her* Send 4c. in stamps for a teasing RIFLE PUZZLE. It is lots of fun— "easy when and the care and expense of wintering you know how," but everyone can't solve it. Can you ? Address Puzzle Dept. will be saved. Bear in mind that this We make Rifles, Shotguns, Pistols, We make a specialty consignment is not a lot of Southtrn of these Rifles :. from $2.50 to range bred stuff but the best that Ken- $150.00. Most good dealers will sell you a "Stevens" "Stevens-Maynard, Jr.'' tucky, which is famous for the best, —some will try to talk you into taking a poor $3.00 can raise. kind because they can make more money "Crack on them. Look out ! A gun is the safest Shot "$4.00 Handsomely illustrated catalog and thing in the world if well vmde but a t poor descriptive matter will be sent on ap- gun is a good thing to leave alone. "Favorit©" No. 17, $6.00 plication to Giltner Bros., at Eminence, We will sell toymi direct (andpay the express charges) ifyour dealer won't supply the "Stevens" Ky., or Auburn, Ala. J. STEVENS ARMS AND TOOL CO. 921 Main St.,Chicopee Falls, Mass. $100 REWARD, $100. The readers of this paper will be pleased to learn that there is at least one dreaded disease that science has been able to cure in all its stages and that is Catarrh. Hall's Catarrh Cure Pulverizing Harrow is the only positive cure now known to the medical fraternity. Catarrh Clod Crusher and Leveler. being a constitutional disease, requires a constitutional treatment. Hall's Ca- The best pulverizer—cheapest Riding Harrow earth. also make walking ACMES. tarrh Cure is taken internally, acting on We crushes, cuts, pulverizes, turns directly upon the blood and mucous The Acme levels all soils for all purposes. Made surfaces of the system, thereby de- and entirely of cast steel and stroying the foundation of the disease, wrought iron indestructible. and giving the patient strength by — building up the constitution and as- sisting nature in doing its work. The Sent on Trial proprietors have so much faith in its ;:. To be returned at my ex- JOS, pense if not satisfactory, curative powers, that they offer one Is.' Catalogue and Booklet. hundred dollars for any case that it B> "An Ideal Harrow" by Henry Stewart, fails to cure. Send for list of testi- mailed free. monials. Address, Chicago, Columbus, Louisville, Kansas City, San Francisco, Portland, etc. I deliver f . o.b. at New York, Minneapolis, P. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, O. DUANE H. NASH, Sole Manufacturer, Millington, New Jersey. Sold by druggists, 75c. Branch Houses: 110 Washington St., Chicago. 428 I st St., Minneapolis. 5th «. Washington St.., Kansas City. ,Hall's Family Pills are the best. PIJSASE MEM XI OK THIS PAi'iiK. 1903.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER. 779 MONARCH PEED MILLS. At this season of the year a subject STAR PEA HULLER of great interest to the farmer and Wise Man's feeder who studies economy in feed- WONDER OF THE AGE ing is the feed mill. There are numer- Wagon. ous mills advertised in agricultural The man who has had experience in running a wagon knows that it papers, all Guarantee d to hull and clean making practically the same is the wheels that determine the claims as to speed, capacity, ease of life of the wagon itself. Our 10 to 15 bushels of peas per running, etc. Among so many the hour by hand, or 20 to 30 feeder may well be confused when it ELECTRIC iSSk have given a new lease of life to thousands of old bushels by power. Write for wagons. They can be had in any desired height.and any width of tire up to 8 inches. With a set orthes* wheels you can in a few minutes have either a high circular and prices. or a low down wagon. The Electric II nmly Wagon is made by skilled workmen, of best select- ed material—white hickory axles, steel wheels, steel hounds, etc. Guaranteed to carry 1000 lbs. Here Is STAR PEA MACHiNh CO., the wagon that will save money for you, as it lasts almost forever. Ourcatalog describing the uses ... Chattanooga, Tenn. otthese wheels and wagons sent free. Write for It. ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., BOX 146 QUINCY, ILLINOIS. ANY WOOD„ IN ANY POSITIONim„u ON ANY CROUND SAWS_ 4 in. to* ft. Through MAN with m fold. tSSTC O MEN with a I IN SAWING MACHLNK DCA Id A Cross-cut Saw 6 to 9 cords daily is the usual average for one man. "Rmanav q--- g; -i A SAWS DOWN Do ^CSF^T^S' "TL. -tfJgL XBBBS JBUfeMte comes to making a choice. The Mon- fWE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT send t Wheel* 8L.1 Tlr. o. - arch is manufactured by Sprout, and Barer *J;«*to*i» Wal- With Rubber Tire., $15.90. I mfg. wtasels H *S.«C Writ*il- dron Co., of Baggie,, »28.75; Harne.s, . Our 1904 Model Machine saws faster, rnns easier & will & Mundy, Pa. It has tre.d.Top dlreet to bay vehicles and parts last longer than ever. Adjusted in a minute to suit a -at.loiue. Lesrn how speed, capacity, strength and lasting V. BOOB, Clael-nsU, ft 12-year-oid boy or the strongest man. Send for catalog w„oo Umbrell. FREE. W. ehowintr latest improvements . First order gets atjencv. qualities. It grinds coarse, medium or Sawing 55 H. Jefferson St., Chicago, 111' Folding Alach.Co. fine, just as desired. It is alike per- fectly at home in the matter of making THE IMPROVED a fine article of meal for household The purposes, and for the grinding of ear Cahoon Write for Prices. corn, shelled corn and all the feed Is Practical. grains either singly or mixed, for That's why it has lived and (,'rown for 45 years, saving chop feed. These Monarch Mills are tti ed and making money for either of the attrition pattern or are hundreds of thousands of farmers. Runs easy, sows made of the famous French burr stone, uniform, sows as high as 50 acres a day. This year we than which there is nothing better for are sending out absolutely the purpose in the world. The manu- free a SEED SOWER'S MANUAL, facturers publish an elegant catalog tellinirhow. whena' d what which shows its strong points in strik- to sow. Write for it. ing fashion. The advertisement run- GoodellCo., 63MainStM Antrim, N. H. ning in another column gives correct * in *' address. GERMAN IMMIGRANTS. Save Cream Chamberlin Mfg. Co., Olean, N. Y., U. S. A. Those interested in the Save much on the cost, save labor development of cleaning and operating by of the resources of the South are, to HERCULES STUMP PULLER buying the some extent at least, conversant with the methods employed by the Southern AMERICAN Railway Company in advancing the CREAM SEPARATOR. material growth of the country served its We send to you to put It on trial. by lines. For several years past It will prove these things to any that company has made special effort man's satisfaction. You should know _ about it. Ask for the free catalogue. to attract to the South a desirable Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day. [American Separator Co. Box 1076, Bainbrldge, H.Y. class of German immigrants. While Clear9 all stumps in a circle of 150 ft. without j ' or Strongest, this work is one that requires time, moving changing machine, most rapid working and best made. labor and patience, the results have l Hercules Mfg. Co., 413 17th St., Centreville. Iowa. A.N INSTANT'S PAIN been fairly satisfactory, and several and the dehorning- job is smoothly done, no/j settlements of that class of people have crushing or bruising if the been established along the lines of the STEEL ROOFING KEYSTONE Southern Railway. lOO SQUARE FEET $2.00 Dehorning Knife The success achieved by the com- Painted two »ide-: null* Included. Is used. Easy, sure and most speedy Strictly new, pei lect, Semi-Hardened Steel in operation. No evil results can fol- pany has convinced it of the wisdom Sheets, fUeet loiiff. The beat Hoofing;, low. Cutsfrom foursidesatonre. En- Mdlng or Celling you can use. No ex- efforts, it has de- dorsed by veterinarians. Guaranteed of redoubling its and perience necessary to lay it. An ordinary M.T. Phillips, Box 45, Pomeroy, Pa. cided to wage an active campaign, hav- hammer or hatchet the only- tool?, yoi need. Hither flat, corrutrated or ,l*v»' ing for its purpose the location of a •rnnrid. Write for our Free Catalogue N 166 on Farm Supplies, Furniture, etc. iATEST (Newton's Patent.) larger number of thrifty German farm- CUH'AtiO MOt SK tt KM klMi CO., <¥. S6UA Iron Sis., t'hlrnc* Every ers along the line. There is no better class of emigrant than the thrifty Ger- Dehorner 1 I man farmer and such a settlement is MO HUMBUG. Bughton's IMPROVED Guaranteed Bwlo. V, Stock Marker an) fait Dehcnxr. Btopr •»"» always an important factor in the from rootlnir. Makea4S different ear mark*. BxHSOOJ THOUSANDS IN USE. growth and development of the section Bonn. Prle«»l.M. 8enci Jl f.T trial. IfltnltS.audbal. Ask your hardware dealer for them or write an.-.. Pall shv «. MM. Hog and C-Jf Hold H. H. BKOWN MFG. CO., • - DECATUR, ILL, of country in which it is located. CEORCE BOOS, Mir., FAIRFIELD, IOWA. 780 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [D'ecember The Southern Railway Company will No Money soon publish an illustrated pamphlet in German, the object of which will be In Advance. to give reliable information concern- You Try, It. ing each of the Southern States tribu- It costs nothing. Re- We will send any re- turn at our expense if sponsible farmer a tary to its lines to all Germans con- this mill fails to grind sidering shelled corn, ear corn, the question of change of loca- all grains or mixed tion. This pamphlet will be followed feed stuffs, easier, fast- er and better than any DITTO'S by other publications giving general other. Triple Geared, information about this territory which Ball Bearing, FEED GRINDER it is thought will be the means of at- New Holland Mills to test on his own farm. Grinds ear corn tracting the attention of thousands of are the practical, every day mills for every and all small grain. If it is not the easiest German to the South.—M. V. Rich- day wants. No other good mill at so low a running, with largest capacity, don't keep it. price. Made in 3 sizes. Adapted to any kind It is strong and powerful—a time saver and a ards, Southern R. Co., Washington, of power. Don't fail to get our free catalogue money maker. Send for circulars and full before buying. particulars. RICHARD BAXTER. NEW HOLLAND MACHINE CO., G. HI. DITTO, Box 48 Joliet, Ills. Box 163, New Holland, Pa. A tale of New England life, time about 1830, is the title of a new novel just issued. This is written by our old friend, the Hon. Edward F. Jones, of Binghamton, ex-Lieutenant Governor See if Work! Leave Off Chopping, New York, but better known to our Any responsible party may try on his own premises and return at our expense if not the best. wasting your time and strength. It is easy for 15 days J readers as "Jones, He pays the work—turning the wood pile into money or I keeping up your own firea with Freight." This is one of the most en- MONARCH tertaining books of the day, and will French Burr and Wood Attrition Mills Freeman's s a carry old Yankees back home in their memory. It is brim full of sentiment, are farmers' mills. Meal or Easy, perfect ieeti, corn on cob or small working machines humor and pathos. Real characters, grains. Rapid grinders, of vaiied patterns all sizes. VV rite for free and right prices. not caricatures. We predict for it a catalog for particulars. We also make the wider sale than any novel for many Sprout Waldron & Co. famous Freeman I Windmills, Corn years. It is published by the Grafton Box 202, Muncy, Pa. Shelters, Feed Cut- ters, etc. Press, New York. 12 mo., 350 pages, Ask for our cata- 16 illustrations, finely bound, $1.50. All logue 110 booksellers, or postpaid by mail. S. FREEMAN SONS I & MFG. CO., I Racine, Wisconsin. BLACKLEG. Stock raisers have become convinced that Blackleg can be prevented by vac- A Bushel In cination, and the question is, what Less Than 3 MINUTES. kind, what form, and what make of That's the way your feed wiU be vaccine is the best? The Pasteur 'UEEBNER'S FE^D CUTTERS. ground when you use the 1 with ; Feed all your fodder. By using Heebner's cutters Company's powder form of vaccine is (shredder attachment the whole of the nutritious stock is cut, crushed and shredded, and rendered edible. No waste. the best known, as it has been in use KEYSTONE I eat itirree'iily and thri'C Shredd-r attachment costs 33.00. The Animals Triple ©car for nearly twenty years and it is the (model ensilaee cutter. Al*o mate TVeal Powers. Lever Powers, Little Giant and Penna. Threshers, Wood ,Saws, Peed Mills, etc. Catalog free GRINDING MILL. original preparation, the only draw- 1HEEBNEK A. BOSS, 35 Broad St.. I^ansdale, Pa. Builtasstrongnsananvil. Burrs back being the troublesome syringe »r» of hard white iron. Boxes and g-uy jrons furnished with outfit. However, the cord or string _ mill. Capacity of mill from 20 to form of vaccine introduced some years SO bushels per hour. We are making a special In- troductory price now. Write for the catalogue and ago by the Pasteur Company is the DRILLING prices on the full line. Corn sheUers, planters, cul- Uf[U tivators, teed cutters, etc. most convenient and has become the most popular as it is always ready for If C L L I Keystone Farm Machine Co., MACHINES use. Its application is very easy and tS64BeavrSt., York, Pa. The most successful money-making ma- it has proved to be as good as the old rines ever made. AJse machines for boring powder form. The cord form is gen- wells with augers by horse power. Write erally known under the short name of lib if you mean business. MIXED FEED "Blacklegine." Both the Pasteur Loomis Machine Co., Tiffin, Ohio- Unhusked corn, husked ears, shelled corn and all grains Powder Vaccine and Blacklegine are broken, crushed and ground furnished for single treatment for or- in_oneoperation by dinary stock, and for double treatment WARRINER5 for fine stock. The double treatment KELLY costs 20 cents per dose in packages of CHAIN HANGING DUPLEX 10 doses, with reductions for quanti- 5TANCHI0N. ties, while the single treatment costs Grinding Mills. from 15 cents down to 10 cents per U CLEAN,SAFE. Speediest, easiest run- 'ningmillsmade. Double dose, or even less, according to quan- breakers, double set of burrs. 4 sizes for all pow- tity. All stock raisers in blackleg dis- Mfd.byW.B CRUMB ForestvilleiOMN. ers. Force feed, never choke. Get free catalogue. tricts that it pays to use the best THE O. S. KELLY CO., Springfield, Ohio. know and original vaccine furnished by the Pasteur Vaccine Company, Chicago GET ALL THE CREAM, Make Your Own Fertilizer and San Francisco. —BY USING— at Small Cost with ' | The SUPERIOR CREAM SEPARATOR. »**- Wilson's Phosphate Mills A neat Bimicr for your back Does not mix water with the milk. It is the From 1 to 40 H. P. Also Bone Out-' b«r« can be had for II coats. Address best Separator made. A tern, hand and power, for the poul- our Business Oflee. trial convinces, and every Separator trymen; Farm Feed Alii Ik, Gra- is guaranteed. Write today for Cat- ham Flour Hand Mills, Grit and alogue to the SUPERIOR FENCE MA- Shell Mills. Send for catalogue. CHINE CO., 291 Grande River WILSON BROS., Sole JIfrs., Mention the Southern Planter when Ave., De- Euston, Pa. corresponding with advertisers. troit, Michigan. . 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 781 THE AMERICAN CREAM SEPARA- TOR. There are several things which make it advisable for intending purchasers to consider carefully the American rfSSS Cream Separator advertised in our columns. First, is it's reasonable A Dollar's Worth For Five Baskets or Three price. A man with but two or three Every Dollar A planter who can make five baskets of cows will find it worth while to own No stale packet bargain offers. All fresh, plump, quick cotton where lie formerly made but three, starting, every kiml grown In the climate which by it and may soon get his money back. simply Top Dressing his land with one hun- matures it best. North, South, East, West, dred pounds, per acre, of It is not only the cheapest of all good separators, but it is simple in the ex- Our General Supply Line Nitrate of Soda. includes tools, anpliances, etc., for Farm, Garden, Dairy treme, and easy to run and keep clean. and Poultry. The varied lines keep our large force busy [The Standard Ammonlate) all the year and make attractive prices in our large sjener- is Last, but not least, it is a clean, close simply neglecting: to reap full benefit from al catalog. Every standard appliance for the farm indus- his soil if he does not use the Nitrate, for skimmer. It gives such universal sat- tries. Write us your wants. Be sure you get General this result is within the reach of every Cotton No. 10. It's FREE tor the asking. isfaction, that the manufacturers, the Catalogue Planter. GRIFFITH & TURNER COMPANY, Equally profitable results may be obtained American Separator Company, of Bain- 206. N. Paca Street, Baltimore, Md. from corn, grass, tobacco or potatoes, from bridge, N. Y., will place it in any re- fruits or garden products, in fact fr.m any- thing that grows. "Food for Plants," and sponsible party's hands for free trial, other valuable bulletins giving actual field with no obligation to buy unless per- trials with Nitrate of Soda at Agricultural Peach and Apple Trees, Experiment Stations, are sent free to farm" fectly satisfied. Consult the company's BONAVISTA NURSERIES, Greenwood. Va. ers. Send name and address on Post Card. advertisement elsewhere. WilllamS, Myers, Director, 12-16 John St.,N.V. We offer a fine lot of choice trees for Fall and Spring planting KELLY DUPLEX GRINDING MILL. Our apple trees are the best—Wine Sap, Rapid grinding is one of the char- Mammoth Black Twig, York Imperial acteristics of the Kelly Duplex Mi": and Albemarle Pippin, all perfect and here shown. But it is only one. Most well grown trees. mill makers advertise mills to grind Our peach trees are the standard sorts, ear or shelled corn. This mill grinds Stump, Elberta, Bilyeu's (Comet, ) Won- both, and you may leave the husks on derful, Champion, Globe, Picquet'sLate. without fear of choking. Albright's Winter, Crawford E. &L.,etc. We send out none but eood trees and have never had a complaint made by any purchaser of our 6tock. Order soon, es- pecially Peach' s, as good trees will be ASPARAGUS very scarce this season. CHAS. F HACKETT, Manager. 100,000 2-yr. old Asparagas roots, 5 varieties. A special rate of $3.50 offer all of : perlOi'O for 2 mos. for BAKU'S, We kinds PALMETTO, CONOVER. . ..Nursery stock. STRAWBERRY PLANTS at re- APPLES duced prices; 1 doz. rooted GRAPE A large general assortment, in- VINES of CONCORD, NIAGARA, cluding WINESAPS and YORK WARDEN, etc., at $1; all healthy stock IMPERIALS. and fumigated before shipped; grown on ideal land for fine roots and smooth : : ' " '•:. ":: ~iii) Splendid Assortment _ ::< ... T': :: bodies. The illustration will show that it is Send fer Spec'al Price t« Planters. of Ornamental, Shade not one of the flimsy, unsubstantial kind. The Kelly Mill has a double set EMPORIA NURSERIES of burrs. In reducing ear or unhusked and Fruit Trees. corn, there are three processes, break- EHPORIA, VA. ing,, crushing and grinding, reducing from B. P. Rocks. Light No. 1 Agents wanted. We refer to the feed to any degree of fineness at Brahmas, Brown Leg- any business house here as to our hon- the pleasure of the operator, and all [ horns at $1.00 per 13. esty. in one operation. It grinds smaller WRITE FOR OUR CATALOGUE. grains, as oats, rye, etc., equally well. It has a feed regulating device and its grinding is always uniform. It is TREES! TREES!! JIVIWIRO. made in four convenient sizes, adapted to the needs of any feeder and suited I otter a fine lot of whole root trees*. to any power that may be desirable to Strawberry Plants, use. Apples, Pea rs, Peaches, All grown in fresh rich ground, healthy, It is manufactured by the O. S. Kel- well-rooted plants that will please you; ly Co., Springfield, Ohio, (O. S. Kelly Cherries, Plums, Grape M'f'g Co., City, Iowa,) who will over 30 kinds to offer Raspberry plants Iowa Vines. Raspberries, Etc. and Peach trees also; see us before you be pleased to send you catalog fully describing it to any one writing for it. buy. Our stock hap been thoroughly in- Save agent's commission by send- spected and found fre- from any dise.-se. Address ing your orders to the nursery. JOHN L7GHTFOOT. A neat Binder for your back nnna- Sherman Heights Tenn. bers can be had for 25 c»ti. Addr CATALOGUE FREE. our Business Office. All Stock Inspected and Fumigated. Q%S RAW FURS wanted For London January Sales. Opossum, Muskrat, Mink, Mention the Southern Planter when Skunk, Raccoon and others. Hieh«st cash prices paid. Write A. £. Burkhurdt, Jliiln &. 2nd, Cincinnati, O. corresponding with adyertisera. WERTZ'S NURSERY, Salem. Va. 782 THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER [December THE WOOD CUTTER'S MACHINE. The man who follows time hon- the UNION LOCK POULTRY FENCING ored custom of sawing wood will find A Golden Rule HAS BEEN FULLY a piece of machinery that will save TESTED AND FOUND of Agriculture: him great labor in the Folding Sawing SUPERIOR TO ALL Be good to your land and your crop Machine pictured here. It is manu- OTHERS. will be good. Plenty of factured by a company of the same Will fit uneven name in Chicago and is regularly ad- ground without cutting. Bvery part vertised in our columns. This ma- can be stretched chine takes the place of the old time perfectly. Made of high grade galvanized steel wire. All horizontal Has fine mesh Potash lines are cables, making it stronger. at the bottom for small chicks. We also make extra heavy for gardens, lawns, etc. The largest in thefertilizer spellsquality A. over 700 rods f poultry farms are using this fence— and quantity in the har- Co. We pay freight ( j { $?/ by Lakewood (N. J.) Farm vest. Write us and and satisfy every one or no sale. Can ship from Francisco. Write for we will send you, N. Y., Chicago, or San free^atalog of Farm, Lawn and Poultry Fencing. free, by next mail, our money winning CASE BROS., Box 340, Colchester, Conn. books. # T T - T T T » f GERMAN KALI WORKS, New York—93 Nassau St. Genuine Spiral Spring Wire or -t Atlanta, Qa—11%. So.Brcad St. cross cut saw. It can be used in any FENCES AND GATES situation where the cross cut can be If your dealer does not have our used, and its great value is seen in goods in stock you can buy direct Write this, that one man can saw more wood at Manufacturers' Price. for Catalogue and secure agency. with it than two men can with the old F. cross cut saw. It has a record of nine INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND CO. cords of wood in a single working day Columbus, Ohio. by one man. It is not only adapted to sawing felled trees, but to sawing - down trees. It is so adjusted that the dp.-.. s==iii operator is not at all discommoded ^^H whether working on the fallen log, the standing tree, on the hillside, etc. Just As Soon As SAN JOSE SCALE When through with one job it can be vou get through experimenting, you'll be using WE tells Pase Pence. Our lithographed catalog why! folded up in compact form, "like a GOOD'S CAUSTIC POTASH PAGK WOVf-N HIRK li". Nf!F! <'0„ Vdrian. Mich and "WHALE OIL SOAP. No. 3. jack knife," placed on the shoulder carried off to other work. Any one in- Cur) Leaf. Endorsed by en- It also prevents consult the advertise- tomologists. This soap is a fertilizer as well as terested should LAWN FENCE designs. Cheap as insecticide 50 lb. kegs, $2.50; 100 lb. kegs, $4 50. elsewhere for correct address and (Many ment " wood. 82 page Catalogue Half barrels, 270 lbs., at 3>£c. per lb.; barrels, ft *>>>>>Mi:im>$ wri te the company for catalog and E free. Special Prices to Corne- 425 lbs., at 3J4c. Large quantities, special rates. teries and Churches. Address full information. ll Send for circular. COILED SPRING FENCE SO. JAMES GOOD. I Box Q Winchester, Ind. 939—41 N. Front St., Philadelphia, pa A FEED MILL GUARANTEED. The New Holland Cob and Feed Mill, Defender manufactured by the New Holland Ma- SENT ON TRIAL is one Sprayer chine Works, New Holland, Pa., A Fence Machine that will make over 100 of the mills that depends on its own Styles of Fence and from 50 to 70 rods a day All brass, easiest work- to sell it, and is therefore, freely AT ACTUAL COST OF WIRE ins:, most powerful, auto' work Horse-high, Bull-strong, Pig and Chicken-tight. matic mixer, expansion sent forth to responsible parties on Wire at Wholesale Prices. Catalogue Free. valves, strainer. Bros. Box 165 Muncie, Ind. double trial. With the opportunity to make Kitselman Catalogue of Pumps and Treatise on Spraying free. test of its worth at the buyer's own Agents Wanted; home goes a remarkable guarantee of IT 12 ft C MSTROMGEST J. F. Gaylord, Box 82 CatskiU, N. Y. II I made. Bun the manufacturers, which shows the r »*»£ u£ strong. Chlckenv. faith they have in its adaptability and tight. Sold to the Farmer at Wholesale Prices. Pally Warranted. Catalog Free. superior working qualities. This guar- COILED SPRING FENCE CO., Book of Bugs Free. Box SS Winchester. Indiana, II. S. 4 antee says that it may be tested freely Send us your name and that of your druggist corn, shelled corn, small grains and we will send you free of charge a copy of our on ear Book of Bugs, illustrating and describing the de- and all feed stuffs, and that it must j& ROOFING TIN j& structive worms and insects that damage your establish the fact to the proposed buy- Iron and paper roofing, nails, builder's hard- erops. The edition is limited and you must it will do the write for it to receive it. Very valuable as a er's satisfaction that ware, sash, doors, etc., carriage and wagon book of reference THE PROTECTO COn= work "easier, better and faster than goods, paints and oils, cook and heating stoves, PANY, 129 West First Ave., Monmouth, 111. any other mill." Failing to sustain guns, pistols, rifles, "Robin Hood" loaded shells. such a broad challenge, it is no sale, Do you use any of the above? Write us. 25C. and the mill can be returned at the Best Fruit Paper Year.V company's expense. HARRIS HARDWARE CO., &kWa: Send 25c and names of 10 farmers who yrow fruitand This broad guarantee covers most you will receive for a year the "Fruit-Grower," best satisfactorily just those things re- fruit paper published, reg. price 50c year. Fruit-Grow- er has 16 to 64 pages monthly, illustrated, clean, de- quired in a feed mill. It does not seem Krausers' Liquid voted entirely to fruitculture. Prof. Price, Dean Ohio Agl College, says: "Pruit-Oruwer Ib beet fruit paper wc have, East possible for one to go wrong with the Extract of Smoke or West." J. H. Hale, Cooneetlcu t,B»ya: "Fruit-Grower ie a mighty added opportunity to put it to the test. Smokes meat perfectly in a good paper—one of the very beat. " For Bample, etc. , address few hours. Sistde from hickory wood, It is made in three sizes, and is cheaper. FRUIT-GROWER CO., 312 S. 7th Street, St. Joseph, Mo. Jicliciousilavor. Cleaner, No adapted to the -use of any kind of rniokcliouse needed. Send for circular. .«. 'J/Vl/SKR «fc HR\.., Milton, Pa. A power. |HunHunters' & Trappers' Guide SSS Anyone contemplating the purchase 300 pages, cloth bound, illustrating all f ur iinlmuts. All ahout trapping. Trapper*' Secrets, all kinds of of a feed mill, should at least send for A neat Binder for your back num- traps, decora, Ac. Special Prlceftl.tofurshfpperB company's catalog and make in- bers can be had for 26 cents. Addrew postpaid. We buy Raw Pnrs, Hides. Price List free. this aNDKKSCIl IIBOS., Depl.817, Minneapolis, JUnn. vestigation before placing an order. our Business Office. 1903.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER. 7S3 HANDSOME FRUIT PAPER. In this issue appears the advertise- c eeHoli<|^ ment of "The Fruit Grower, St. Joseph, Cheap eggs Mo., one of the very best fruit papers r published. Indeed, Prof. Price, dean of the Ohio Agricultural College, says it is the very best fruit paper published, are as good as East or West. The advertisement tells how the paper can be secured at half price. Look it up and send for this cheap lamp- paper. HANDY LOW DOWN WAGONS. Games The Electric Wheel Company of chimneys. 60 different games— one in each package of Quincy, Illinois, has perhaps done more than any other one institution to popularize the low wheel and handy Macbeth. wagon. Their "Electric" Steel Wheel Lion Coffee is the kind that is made to last. An item that has multiplied the number If you use a wrong chimney, you lose a they are constantly sending out is that good deal of both light and comfort, and they are made to fit the skein of any The Southern Planter* make of wagon. The wheels being the waste a dollar or two a year a lamp on If troubled with any form of ner- first to give way in the wooden felloe chimneys. vousness or Dyspepsia, Palpitation of high wheel style of wagon, a great Do you want the Index ? Write me. the Heart or Sleeplessness, of many farmers take advantage of this Rush Macbeth, Pittsburgh. Blood to the head or General Debility fact and procuring the "Electric" wheels, convert their old wagons into ™ Can Be Cured By Handy Wagons. In most cases the run- WANTED DR. DUGNAL'S ning gears are good and with little expense they secure a wagon as good By a married man. a POSITION as as new. with all the conveniences manager on stock, dairy or general FAMOUS NERVE PILLS. which the use of the low down Handy 40 DOSES BY MAIL, POSTPAID, 50c. Wagon carries with it. If any reader farm. Thoroughly competent, and best of this finds his old high wheels giving DUGNAL REMEDY CO., references. Box 41, Espy, Pa. away, he will do well to send to the P. O. Drawer No. 52. Dept. J. above company for their catalog and POSITION WANTED AS FARM MANAGER NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT. learn what their low steel wheel will or Superintendent of large estate by a mid- do in the way of giving him practically dle-aged single man, with practical and a new wagon at but very slight cost. educational experiences in farming, dairy- It must not be forgotten that the com- ing, cattle, sheep, swine, horticulture and pany makes the best Handy Wagon poultry culture. FRAZER complete where parties desire it. EUGENE BAYER, THE PHILLIPS DEHORNING KNIFE Charlottesville, Va. AX C UrCaSC the world. The dehorning knife has come to be WANTED A GOOD, SETTLED MAN WITH 1 Its wearing qualities are unsurpassed, ac- almost a stable necessity to the dairy- tually outlasting 3 bxs. any other brand, small family to attend to 5 or 6 cows, Not affected by heat. *»"Get the Genuine. man and cattle feeder. There are sev- FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS. eral knives on the market and perhaps make butter, and attend to family garden. Pomeroy, Pa.. Its great point of ad- Must understand cultivation of flowers. vantage is that it cuts from all four Place open until December. Address, MIRADOR, Greenwood P. O., Va. THE PEACH GROWER Fruit Culturist and Trucher's Magazine BORO, N.C. Published Monthly, AUanln, Qa. Is indispens- For the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE «nd able to growers of fruit and truck. Best horti- other Drug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaustion culturists in the land are regular contributors, Handsomely printed and illustrated. Send 26 cents and names of 25 fruit growers, for a year's subscription. Von can't afford to miss reports of B- WANTED -: Georgia experiments now being made on peach orchards. Shippers of POULTRY of all Kinds, sides at once, and thereby secures a Dressed HOGS, GAME, etc., to write to clean, clear cut that is all cut and no breaking or crushing. Several of the E. W. EVANS & CO., WANTED! government experiment stations have ALL KINDS OF 1313 E Cary St., RICHMOND, VA. given it unqualified endorsement. The LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS For prices before shipping elsewhere. acting Director at Cornell University Turkeys, commends especially its "ease of op- Particularly Deer, Wild White Bob White Quail, eration and durability," and describes Squirrels, Ducks, Swans, Grey Squirrels, Bear, Etc. HOW TO FEED AND BREED HOGS it as "the best instrument of its kind is of growers. importance to swine _ A that we have ever used." CECIL FRENCH, practical, clean, common-sense swine Mr. Phillips advertises dehorner 718 Twelfth St. N.IW., Washington D. C. paper for farmers can be had from now the Ito January, 1905, hy sending 10 Cents regularly in our columns. Any one in- in Silver at once to terested should write him for a copy NO MORE BLIND HORSES—For Specific Ophthalmia, Moon Blindness and other Sore BLOODED STOCK, of little sends k a descriptive book he Iowa City, la., have a Oxford, Pa. Eyes. BARRY CO., out free. cure. 784 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER [December FERTILIZER CHEMICALS. QUARTZ and MICA grinding mill for THE PLACE TO IMMCQ1AND Quotations furnished by Edmund sale on railroad; list of 500 custom- , of HUM CO FIND THEM. . Mortimer k Co.. of New York, on ag- ers. Close to millions of tons No place in "the'lJuited States can a ricultural chemicals commonly used by quartz, feldspar and mica section. farmers. These prices are those at man do so well at farming, for tt e money G. G. TEMPLE, Danville, Va. invested, as in Virginia. Lands are which the goods can be purchased in cheap; climate good, and the best of lots of one ton or over, in original markets close at hand. It is the Stat* packages, delivered f. o. b. cars at VWGINIA FARMS of all others, for a comfortable all the New York City, and are for cash. In S3 PE« ACRE AND UPWARD*. year round home. The James River all cases carload lots of any one of the EAST PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FRM. Valley Colonization and Improvement materials can be purchased for less GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Vi. Company offer superior advantages to money, and, if possible, farmers should Established 1S7I. land purchasers. For free 36 page land combine and order in round lots. pamphlet, address AMMONIATES. "In the Green Fields of Virginia/' W. A. PARSONS, Vinita, Va. Per ton Homes for all; Health for all; Happiness and Nitrate of Soda, containing about C&O Main St. Depot Richmond, Va. Independence for all. All sizes of Farms at 16 p. c. of Nitrogen, in bags, corresponding prices, but all reasonable. weighing about 200 pounds $45 MACON & CO., Orange, Va. Sulphate of Ammonia, containing To Homeseekers** about 20 p. c. of Nitrogen, irreg- ular weight packages 65 FARMS "THE BUSINESS OF FARMING Dried Blood, containing about 10 VIRGINIA a»»lics,ti*». c. of Nitrogen, irregular prices amd size*. Free Hit •» VIRGINIA." p. All IN weight packages 40 Richmond. V*. Is the title of a sew pamphlet issued by the WM.B. PIZZINI CO., Norfolk and Western Railway Cempaay. We Tankage, containing about 8 p. c. will gladly mail yeu a copy. Nitrogen and 10 to 12 p. c. Phos. •^»V» VIRGINIA FARMS •-*-• W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHBRER, A*t., good house Acid 35 Nice little poultry farm, 100 acres, G. P. A., Lands and Immigration, Blue Grafs, Stock and Roanoke, Va. and orchard, $500.00. POTASHES. Fruit Farms. Address PORTER & GATES, Louisa, Va. Muriate of Potash, I HAVE A LARGE LIST OF containing about 50 p. c. of Potash, in 225 FRUIT, POULTRY and TRUCK FARMS pound bags 40 "Crop Growing Ten, Fifty and One Hundred Acres each, with Sulphate of Potash, containing good buildings, close to steam and trolley about 50 p. c. of Potash, in 225 lines, easy access to the city. Also, pound bags 45 and Crop Feedng." GRAIN AND STOCK FARMS Kainit, containing about 12 p. c. of BY PROF. W. F. MASSEY. From 100 to 1,000 acres at low prices—all the Potash, in irregular weight way from $5 to $50 per acre. Write for packages 12 383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper, 60c-. Catalogue. Nitrate of Potash, containing J. R. HOCKADAY, Richmond, Va. about 45 p. c. Potash cemnee- Box 257. and 13 p. We offer this splendid werk la c. Nitrogen (Ammonia) 70 tlon with the SOUTHERN PLANTER ' PHOSPHATES. at the following prices: Acid Phosphates, IF YOU WISH TO SELL containing 14 p. Southern Planter and Cloth c. Available 12 Bound Volume, $1.25. Containing 16 p. c. Available. . . 13 VIRGINIA LANDS Southern Planter and Paper Bone Meal, containing about 3 p. Communicate with us. Write for free Bound Velume, 90c. "Virginia Real Estate Jeuraal," cap- c. Nitrogen and 20 p. c. Phos. taining many spleadlt bargains. Acid 22 Old er new sukscriytlsfta. B. CHAFFIN & CO., Inc R. , Peruvian Guano, containing about No. 1 N 10th St, Richmond, Va 20 p. c. Phos. Acid, 3J p. c. Nirto- FREDERICKSBURG gen, 4 p. c. Potash, in 200 pound The RICHMOND, 2 (IOOD DAIRY FAR/IS, 30 Vicinity of Washington FOR SALE. and POTOMAC R. R. Electric railway through one and near MIXED. the other. For particulars address R'Y "Everybody's Magazine" tells a little and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN L. E. WALT, 745 7th St., S E , story which shows the mixed feelings Washington, D C. connecting the with which the Southerner regards Form the Link Booker T. Washington. An old Flor- Atlantic Coast Line R. R., / Can Sell Your Farm.... ida colonel recently met Booker T. and Ohio R. R., If located in one of these Virginia counties: Washington, and in a bibulous burst Baltimore Prince George, Chesterfield, King William, of confidence said to the negro educa- and Ohio R'y, Kent, King and Queen, Chesapeake Gloucester, New tor, "Sun, I'm glad to meet you. Al- Hanover. Send description, stating price. Pennsylvania R. R., JOHN JELINEK, 1116 Pine Alley, ways wanted to shake your hand, suh. Braddock, Pa. I think, suh, you're the greatest man Seaboard Air Line R'y in America." DUE CADMC ln tDe great fruit grain and "Oh, no!" said Mr. Washington. and Southern R'y. stock section of VIRGINIA. lint rAnlYlO "You are, suh," said the colonel; Best climate and water in the U. 8. Near great Between all points, via Richmond, Va. markets, with best educational advantages. and then, pugnaciously, "Who's great- For further information, address er?" Passenger and srxsress R»ute be- ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO., Fast Mall, Bam'l B. Woods. Pres Charlottesville, Va "Well," said the founder of Tuske- tween Richmond, Fredericksburg, Alexan- gee, "there's President Roosevelt." dria, Washlngten, Baltimore. Philadelphia, For full par- "No, suh," roared the colonel. "Not New York, Beeten, Pittskwrg, Buffale an* All ticulars write by a jugful! I used to think so, but Polmts Nertk, East aad West. A. JEFFERS, since he invited you to dinner I think W. P. TAYLOR, Traffic Manager.Richmond, Va. Go South. Norfolk, Va. he's a blank scoundrel." — 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. "85 hickory. Fronts on the pike running VICTOR BOOK from Winchester to Alexandria; five tells why our machine Is prel-rrcl FARMS FOR SALE! miles from r&ilroad; onle-half mile by users and all about artificial in- cubation. There's pointers thai may from proposed electric railroad. mean dollars to you. We pay freight No. 16. Ex- cellent six-room dwelling house, with Guarantee Roods as described or 130 acres—20 acres hardwood, bal- money back. The book is free. Write for it to-day. Postal will do. ance In good state of improvement, and broad halls, standing in a large, nicely- GEO. EKTEL CO., Quincy, 111. blue-grass lawn; all a splendid quality of red clay subsoil; shaded necessary outbuildings; land 50 acres in -wheat and timothy; 20 chocolate clay, with stiff clay subsoil; all level, but rolling acres in meadow, balance is new land, enough to drain well; fine for wheat and will be for corn next spring. Situ- EA5Y MONEY and grass; well watered. Owner con- ated in excellent neighborhood of re- la made by installing a Hawk' .• templates making improvements. But Incubator. Little cost, little care, fined people. Twenty-two miles from results sure, profits large. SO l>a a1 if sold before, price acre, "Washington, 5 miles from Herndon $25 per on Free Trial* Catalogue free. Mention easy terms. this paper.— Hawkeye Incubator Station. Fronts on pike. Comfort- Co.. Box 41» t Newton, Iowa. able 4-room house and all building Farm watered by large branches. I have a number of other good farms for sale, both large and small. Write Price, $20.00 per acre. Terms, to suit CHICKS THAT LIVE purchaser. for description and state just what you get strong and healthy—gain want, and will be glad to serve you. steadily in weight, are chicks hatched in Reliable Incubators No. 17. W. E. MILLER, Herndon, Va. Reliable 80 acres 15 acres in hardwood, bal- The — provides automatically a constant ance in grass, except 20 acres for corn. LIGHT ON A DARK SUBJECT. current of odorless, warm air at a uniform temperature—chicks pip, hatch and thrive u» Fronts on pike; 5 miles from railroad "F see by the newspaper,' says der its nature-like conditions. Send 10 cents and tre\ information. station. "Watered by large branch. our 20th annual catalog—full of poultry Smith, "that the whale that swallowed Reliable Incubator and Brooder Co., Boi B-1 1 , Qulicy, III. All in good state of cultivation. No recently killed in the Med- buildings. Price, $18.00 per acre. Easy Jonah was terms. iterranean, and in its stomach they BVILT TO LAST Never outclassed—Sure Hatch found, written on parchment, the diary incubators. Built better than No. 18. your house. No hot centers; no that Jonah kept during the three chilling draughts on sensitive 385 acres in lower Loudoun county, eggs. Every cubic inch in egg days " Washington; 40 chamber at uniform, blood tem- only 23 miles from perature of fowl. It's a continual acres in hardwood, balance in good "You can't make me believe any of pleasure to hatch nearly every fertile egg with a Sure Hatch. into 8 Free state of cultivation, divided that stuff," interrupts Brown. "In the catalogue , D 3* with pictures tells lively story. fields, with running water in all; well SURE HATCH INCUBATOR CO. first place, how could Jonah see to Clay Center, Neb. Indianapolis, Ind, fenced; adopted to grain and grass. write his diary?" Two good cattle barns, a good, comfor- 7-room dwelling, with a large, "Why," says Smith, "don't you sup- INCUBATORS hatch greatest table number of finest chicks. bold spring within 50 yards, an dall pose the whale had pains in his stom- PINELAND BROODERS have never been necessary autbuildings. Situated 4J ach?" November LippincotVs. equalled. miles from Sterling Station. This farm has 137 fine stock sheep and 21 CANT-HOOK VS. STEAM. FIDELITY FOOD fat cattle weighing 1,200 pounds now; Before the introduction of the steam FOR YOUNG CHICKS 80 acres sown in wheat and rye; 50 log turner in its practical application Used everywhere by practical poultrymen and acres in meadow and balance of fields to the portable saw mill, the owner of specialist fanciers with unfailing success. In- and pasture. If bought within the such a rig worked at a very serious dis- sures perfect health and promotes rapid growth next 60 days the wheat and sheep will advantage as compared with the larger Concise catalogue from go with the farm. Price, $8,000, on mill and its labor-saving devices. Box M. easy terms. Write for full description. There has been one cause of wasted Pineland Incubator and Brooder Co., Jamesburg, N. J., U. S. A time and labor in the operation of the No. 19. portable mill that has heretofore been 215 acres in upper Fairfax county, unavoidable. This was the necessity 20 miles from Washington; 6 miles of waiting at every occasion for turn- from railroad; fronts on pike; near ing the log on the carriage, while any- village with stores, post-office, churches where from one to three men "wres- Little and shops. Splendid brown chocolate tled" it over with cant-hooks. In the Chicks thrive when fed on our clay soil. Seven fields, watered by meantime, the engine was running branches and springs. A good 6-room idle. However, the perfection of a BABY CHICK FOOD. frame house and all necessary farm really practical log turner has been ac- A perfect balanced food. Sendifor free buildings; 60 acres sown in wheat and complished by the A. B. Farquhar Co., sample and our large Illustrated catalog grass; 25 in rye and grass; 30 in makers of the celebrated Farquhar of POULTRY SUPPLIES, meadow, balance in pasture and for Portable Mills and the Ajax Centre INCUBATORS and corn—all in good condition. Price, Crank Engines. This is the only de- BROODERS. $25.00 per acre; one-third cash, balance vice of its kind that can be used with FANCIERS' SUPPLY CO., on 6 years' time, if desired. a portable mill. By increasing the 517-519 West Broad St., daily output without the necessity for Richmond, Va. No. 5. an increase of power and at an actual EVERYTHING FOR THE FANCIER. Contains 163 acres; one-half under decrease in operating expense, it very cultivation; balance in second-growth materially swells the net profits. Any timber. Good seven-room dwelling and mill man interested in the most recent necessary outbuildings; good orchard and up-to-date improvements in en- CHARLIE BROWN, = Cartersville, Va. in fine fruit section. Farm lies near gines and saw mill machinery should BREEDER AND SHIPPER OF HIGH CLASS — Southern railroad, twenty miles from write the A. B. Farquhar Co., Ltd., Washington; well watered; a splend'" York, Pa., for further information and nammoth Bronze Turkeys, Barred dairy farm. Price, $2,000. free catalog. It pays well to keep Plymouth Rock Chickens, Embden posted. Geese and Pekin Ducks. Yonng stool; Farm No. 2. FOR SALE. My strains consist of tl Contains 265 acres; 215 under culti- Mention the Southern Planter when best blood that money can buy. Sat vation; 50 acres original oak and corresponding with advertiser*. faction guaranteed. — — 786 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [D'ecember EDGEWOOD STOCK FARM. THE PEST OF SPARROWS. White Wyandottes, Buff Leg- Scotch Collies. White Wyandottes. The government has again been giv- horns, Bronze Turkeys. COLLIE PUPS ready, all with full, white ing some attention to the English spar- marks, sables I can supply a few trios of White and blacks. Beautiful! Both row and, while at this writing no defi- parents trained. Best blood In America. Wyandotte Cockerels and Pullets. Im- Order quick. nite statistics are obtainable, it is $10, ?7. mediate delivery. Fine layers. Best roughly estimated that there are up- WHITE WYANDOTTES— strains for Buff Leghorn Cockerels of extra fine laying and beauty. White Wyandottes are wards of a hundred million of the lit- laying strain ready for delivery in No- prettiest chickens on earth. We offer Cock- tle feathered creatures in this coun- erels and Pullets. You rarely And such Pul- vember. try. The sparrows have long ago been lets for 51. Get ten pullets and cockerel at Bronze Turkeys in pairs or trios. special offer. H. B. ARBUCKLE, voted a pest, but it was not until re- All at reasonable prices. Maxwelton, W. Va. cently that strenuous efforts have been One U. S. Separator in perfect re- made toward their extermination. pair. Capacity 350 pounds milk per OAKSHADE fl. B. Turkeys "Equip the boys with the Stevens hour. Cost $125. Price, $50. and Huguenot W. Wyandottes, rifle," says a well known Washington official, "and the sparrow question A. R. VENABLE, Jb., : FOR SALE : won't be a matter of doubt very long." Milnwood Dairy Farm. Raised on 400 acre blue grass farm the P. O. 147, Farmville, Va. — This thought is right in line with Box best 1 have ever seen. Eggs from White, the ideas that the J. Stevens Arms & Buff and Partridge Wyandottes in season Tool Co., of Chicopee Falls, Mass., the Barred and White Address Huguenot Poultry Yards, well known firearm makers, have been ...Dublin, Va. advocating for some time. The Stev- ens people have been urging the use PLYMOUTH ROCKS for Breeders.' and R. C. B. Leghorn, S. L. FINE TURKEYS, ^^ of the small caliber rifiv on farms Single Brahma and B. The Mammoth Bronze Is the finest speci- where not only the sparrow, but wood- Wyandottes, Light men of turkey in the world. I do not hesi- chucks, squirrels, crows, hawks are Minorca Cockerels for sale. $1 per sin- tate to say that I have the finest birds in also sources of nuisance. Virginia. If you will file your orders now gle bird; a trio for $3. As a general proposition it does you will get choice ones out of a choice J. B. Clover Hill Farm, flock. I also have a few Barred Plymouth seem reasonable to believe that a man JOHNSON, Rocks for sale. My fowls are all thorough or bov, armed with a "Stevens" and in- Manassas, Va. bred. Write for circulars and rates. structed in its use. could soon rid the PIEDMONT POULTRY MLACE, neighborhood of the living crop de- SILVER-LACEDj Miss E. Callie Giles, Prop. - £ Whittle's Depot, Va. stroyers at a small outlay md have a iot of fun himself while doing the 'WYANDOTTES. FIRST work. CLASS FOWLS New blood, choice specimens, FOR SALE, CHEAP. strong- and healthy birds of Barred, fine plumage, ready for ahip- Buff and White Plymouth Rocks, is swell affair for The clothespress a each. Alio White Wyandottes, Light Brahmas, Buff and ment at #1.00 garments nice and neat; the hay press pure-bred POLAND-CHINA Partridge Cochins, Black Htnorcas, Black is a good machine and does its work PIGS at $5.00 each. Langshans, Brown and White Leghorns. complete; the cider press is lovely with Dr. H. H. LEE, Now is the time to secure bargains. its juice so red and sweet, but the Oakland Poultry Farm, Lexington, Va. printing press controls the world and C. J. WARINER, Mgr., Ruffin, N. C. gets there with both feet. - 3 M. P. D. 5 -* FOR Sr\LE. LEHMAN CARRIAGE HEATER. The above stands for Pure BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, MAM- PEKIN DUCKS The recent spell of keen weather has TRIO MAMMOTH MOTH BRONZE TURKEYS, $5.00 as long as they last. TOULOUSE probably made many of our readers GEESE AND PEA FOWLS. Will exchange POLAND-CHINAS, wish for some means of keeping their PERFECTION for good Berkshire or Poland-China JERSEYS, pigs. buggies warm, thereby adding to the PROTECTION DUROC MRS. W. F. JACKSON, Olga, P. 0., Amelia Only the best is bred at The Cedars. comfort of enforced travelling. Leh- county, Va. THE CEDARS, Wfl. Q. OWENS, Bros... of New York, have solved man P. & S. Farm. Midlothian, Va. this problem exactly in their Lehman (Wyckoff Strain Heater. This is a simple and cheap COCKERELS, ) FOR SALE- device, ond serves the purpose for Wyan- S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS. il. 8. Turkeys, Pekin Ducks, White which it was intended most admirably. dottes, S. C. B. Leghorns (the great Winter chickens. Order Now, To make room I will sell at $1.50 Look up the advertisement and send layers) and B. P. Rock L. SMITH, for catalogue and prices. and get the best. Miss CLARA each. For prize winners write to Caroline Co. Croxton, Va. C. G. M. FINK, Rosneath Road, Henrico county, Va. "It is said, though there is no evi- Pure bred B. PLYMOUTH ROCK hens and dence to substantiate the assertion, pullets from a good laying strain. Also that a restaurant in Philadelphia al- young Black Minorca Roosters. BROWN LEGHORNS. ternates Scriptural texts with busi- MISS S. M. HITER, ness epigrams, and that the result is Ellisville, Louisa Co., Va. Young stock for sale in something like this: "The Lord giv- eth and the Lord taketh away;" PURE-BRED Fall. Prices reasonable. "Watch your hats and overcoats;" M BRONZE TURKEYS, GOLDEN and and BAR- "Man shall not live by bread alone;" SILVER PENCILED HAMBURG White Plymouth Rocks. PLYMOUTH ROCK Chickens. Epgs In on- RED "Try our hamburger steak with seas«m. F«r sale by T. J. WOOLDRIDGE, R. W. HAW, Jr., - Centralia, Va. ions, 20 cents;" "Take no thought for French Hay, Va. your life, what ye shall eat or what ye shall drink;" "Welsh rabbit and MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS Bargains in FINE COCKERELS, Lobster a la Newburg to order;" "The - FOR SALE Apply to $1.50 each for a short time to make room wind passeth over it, and it is gone, R. E. OREE Crozet, Va. 82 best varieties. Large, illustrated Catalogue and the place thereof shall know it no free for stamps. Write to-day. more;" "We positively cannot be re- handsome, hardy and umbrellas or personal lllpnni on ATP are VALLEY POULTRY FARMS. sponsible for ANuUKA UUA O profitable For large cir property." Ex. address E. COLE & CO., Big Cliffy. Ky. J E. HEATWOLE, Propr., Harrisonburg, Va. "la" w' ' 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 787 WITH THE ADVERTISERS. T&CK LICK IT H. F. Coleman & Son. Mulberry Gap, Horse Owners! Use Tenn., are ottering some choice TOCK^LIKE IT Aber- GODIBATJLT'S V deen Angus cattle in this issue. M. T. Thompson, Rio Vista, has for sale 1,000,000 cabbage plants and 50,- Caustic 000 dahlia and canna bulbs. Look up his ad. C. E. Clapp, owner of the Rosemont Balsam BLACKMAN'S Herefords, has a special announcement a Safe Speedy and Positive Cart In this issue. He is offering some Tfce Safest, Beat BLISTER ever used. Take. MEDICATED the place of all liniments for mi id or severe action. splendid young stock at bargain Kemoves Bunches or Blemishes from Honct SALT BRICK prices. SH3 £»">«:. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY OR FIRING- Impossible to produce scar or blemish. The only guaranteed Tonic, Blood Pnsl- The Bowmont Farms have some Every bottle Bold Is warranted to give satisfaction fler. Liver Regulator Price per bottle. Sold Kidney and and choice S I .SO by druggists, oi Yorkshire pigs for sale. There ent by express, charges paid, with full aider of Digestion for all stock . A direction* for sure hit on worms. Ticks cannot live. are some 48 about ready for shipment. it* use. Send for descriptive circular*. THE LAWRBNCB-WILLIAMS CO.. Cleveland No dosing, no drenching, and no waste Look up the ad and send in your order O. of feed. Your horse his own doctor. Endorsed by thousands at once. H. Armstrong is offering Dorset Bronze Turkeys, sheep and Hereford cattle in another Mammoth full. column. Some good stock at reason- descriptive circulars, testimonials, PoIand=China Pigs, etc." address able prices can be had here. Blackmail Stock Remedy Co. Wilson Bros, are advertising a splen- from best prize winning stock. Special 930 Highland Park, Chattanooga, Tenn. did bone mill in another column. C. E. Jones, Carysbrook, Va., has a prices for December. splendid offering of Aberdeen Angus cattle. Red Polled Cattle, Some splendid farms in Piedmont Virginia can be bought of W. E. Miller, Shetland Ponies. Lump who has a large ad on another page. A good saddle horse; fine jumper. The Smith Manure Spreader is be- ing offered to our readers again this Save the season. Look up the ad. Arrowhead Stock Farm, animal—save your | herd-^ure every case of The Huguenot Poultry Yards are of- Lump Jaw. The disease """' is W SAM'L B. 4 WOODS, Prop., Charlottesville, Va. fatalintlnie, and It spreads. Only one way r fering some excellent stock at present. to cure it—use The Sure Hatch Incubator ad makes Fleming's Lump Jaw Cure its appearance in this number, this be- THOROUGH-BRED.... No trouble—rub it on. No ri?k—your money I back i£ it ever fails. Used for seven year's ing its second season with us. by nearly all the big stockmen Free book i S. Myers, director of the Berkshire Boars, tells you more. Mr. Wm. Chilian Nitrate Works, has an ad in this issue, which will interest many of Dorset Buck Lambs, our readers. £M\d Riixg-toone Several parties are advertising for Jersey Bull Calves. Once hard to cure—easy now. A 45-min- farm managers and several farm man- All stock in best of condition and ute treatment d>es it. J o other meihod agers are advertising for positions in so easy—no oilier method suie. guaranteed as represented. Fleming's Spavin and Ringbone Paste this number. F. T. ENGLISH, GUYS, Q. A. CO., Md. cures even the worst cases— none too old Mr. F. G. Hogan, the well-known or bad. Money baok If It ever tails. Free Kentucky breeder, has a card in this IlliiKtrutcd hook about Lump Jaw, v Spavin. Bincbone, Splint, 1 i Spavin number. Look up his ad. SALE.. and oiher slock allmen.s. Write for It. FOR Jta Rosedale Stock Farm is advertising FLEMING BROS., Chemists, Aberdeen Angus in another column. Large English Berkshire Hogs, 280 Union Stock Yards, Chleaco, 111. The Star Pea Huller is offered our readers in this issue. Look up the ad Barred Plymouth Rock Chickens and write for prices. BEN. BOLT, 60747, 430 lbs. aa a yearling at The Newton Dehorner is advertised head of herd. tf^EGGS IN SEASON. by the H. H. Brown Mfg. Co. JOHN P. FOSTER, Nocreek, Ohio Co., Ky. A medicine which makes The Achme Harrow is offered to our sick animals well, the diseased again this season. D. H. whole, the weak strong and the readers Mr thin fat. It will restore lost Appetite, Nash, manufacturer, would like to send .Berkshire Pigs. expel Worms and cure Chronic Cou^h, one out on trial to any one interested. Heaves, Influenza. Distemper, Hide- M. B. Turkeys from prize winning Look up the ad of the Cyphers Incu- V bound, Indigestion, Constipation, Flat- strains. Barred and White Plymouth Co. ^ulcncy and all Stomach and Bowel bator Rocks. W. F. FLANAGAN, trouble. Dorset Sheep and Collie Pups are ad- Christiansburg, Va. The finest of all animal vertised by H. B. Arbuckle. We invite CATTLE viti'izcrs and tonics and the only one which attention to these ads. POWDHR increases the coeffi- Another new ad in this issue is that cient of digestibil- of E. W. Evans & Co., commission mer- ity of protein. A Few Boar Pigs For Sale. chants, Richmond, Va. G«t th« Genuine » lend (• ul PampWci By Mason of Biltmore II, (6S54S) from DAVID E.FOUTZ Ne. • Free. Registered sows—nothing but Biltmore Mr. Charlie Brown, Cartersville, Va., BALTIMOf?£. MD. blojdinmy herd. ROBERT HIBBERT, issue, first a new advertiser in this won Charlottesville, \ a. prize on Bronze Turkeys, Embden Geese, and Pekin Ducks at the Rich- DEATH TO HEAVES NEWTON'S Hero, Co»rh, BW Poland Chinas, Chester Whites and temp«r and In 788 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER [December MAGAZINES. REQISTERED GRADE ANGUS CATTLE. The Christmas issue of the Century is one of the finest ever sent out by the Lucre of Glendale, 66166; SHORTHORN CATTLE. publishers. The subject matter of the Jetson 2nd of Clear Lake, Special prices on bred cows and number and the illustrations are of alike 57994 ; Imp. Brignoli cows with calf at foot and bred again. good. The Century Magazine is an Ballandalloeh, will make old favorite These calves are by and the cows bred herds famous. with those who know it and those not, Also othar younsr stock who do do not know to the great winning bull, Valley what they miss in the way of entertain- for sale, suitable for beef Champion. Some grand young heifers breeding. ing reading and high class literature in not taking the and bulls always on hand and for sale. JOHN T. & 0. B. MANLOVE, magazine. We can Milton, Ind. supply it in club with The Planter at Registered Duroc Jersey hogs. a saving in the cost. See our clubbing IDLEBROOK FARfl, ANGUS BULL CALVES list. FRANK G. HOGAN, Box D, O'Ban- SIRED BY THE Lippincott's Magazine is always a welcome visitor where it is taken. non, Ky. Champion Bull BARON IDA. Each number contains a complete Geo. C. Hardy, Manager. novel by some well-known writer or These calves are choice individuals. by some new writer whose ability has PURE BRED ENGLISH SETTER PUPS. commanded the attention of the Editor. The Review of Reviews is unique as Short Horn Calves Sire and dam prize winners. a magazine. It deals with the current from fine Stock. Also WARREN RICE, Winchester, Va. events of the day all over the world and keeps its readers posted on all Yorkshire Pigs H. F. COLEMAN & SONS, questions of public interest the world of very Prolific Breed. MULBERRY GAP. TENN., over. It also publishes what other JAS n. HOQE, Hamilton, Va. magazines have to say on these sub- BREEDERS OF — jects. ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE. Cosmopolitan. This is one of the SPRINGWOOD SHORTHORNS. best cheap magazines, and it is always JANNET'S KING, 48271, greatest SPECIAL OFFER1NO. finely illustrated. ton of Valiant Knight II., 29331, first Don't forget that whatever magazine 4 yearling bulls, sired by Verbena's cham- prize bull at all three of the Interna- pion No. 129881. One two-year-old POLAND you may select for yourself for the CHINA Boar, a fine breeder, recorded bred 1b tional shows, heads the herd. Visi- coming year, St. Nicholas for young Ohio, sired by Guy Wilkes. tors and correspondence invited. folks belongs somewhere in your fam- Good 8 weeks' old POLAND CHINA Pigs, Young things for sale. $5.00 each. Pedigrees furnished with all stock ily. No home with children is com- sold. Inspection Invited. plete without it. It is the best maga- a WM. T. THRASHER, Sprlngwood, Va. FOR SALE Farmer's Prices zine of its kind in the world. No bet- A Choice Lot of Pure-bred ter magazine can be published. Send ELLERSLIE FARM **- to The Century Co., Union Square, New - ABERDEEN ANGUS York, for a free specimen number and Thoroughbred Horses male calves from 6 to 9 see if you are not convinced that it is mos. old, sired by a bull a necessity in your family. $3 a year. AND SHORTHORN CATTLE, weighing over 2,000 lbs. Less than one cent a day. Is the right If you want to breed kind of reading for your child worth Pure Seuthdown Sheep good beef cattle, you it? and Berkshire Pigs. can make no mistake in The Century Magazine—"The best in Fo» Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON, getting the ANGUS. the world"—a strong statement, but a Charlottesville, Va. They can beat the world true one. The Century has led Amer- on long or short grass. Also 2 Angora ican magazines for more than thirty buck kids at each crated and deliver- $7 years; it publishes articles that make COO KS CREEK HERD ed at my depo t. C. E. JONES, Carysbrook, Va. people think, stories that entertain and are literature, pictures by the world's Scotch-Topped ANGUS CATTLE FOR SALE greatest illustrators. Its illustrations Law Considering Quality. in color are unsurpassed. The Century is not cheap in any sense; it costs $4 Shorthorns^* a year, and it is worth the price. Try Herd Headed by Governor Tyler, 1585 48. Young Bulls for sale. Inspection and corres- The Century this year, if you are not pondence invited. already taking it. The Century Co., & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va. Union Square.. New Yor. HEATWOLE The Century will publish during the coming year a daring and unique .. WOODLAND DORSETS .. piece of historical writing—namely, The Youth of Washington, told in the Won 6 first with 8 possible at Columbus, O., 7 out of 8 at Pontiac, Mich., and 6 out of I ^^y?P$*K^m.i 9^. form of an autobiography by Dr. S. at Grand Rapids, Mich., with strong compe- Weir Mitchell, LL. D., author of "Hugh tition at all three places. Our Pall Lamb Wynne." Dr. Mitchell, in whose fa- crop from Imp. Flower Ram i* the finest quality we ever raised. mous "Hugh Wynne" General Wash- 1 Reg. Bull, very fine, 10 mos. old. ington appeared as a character of the J. !. WING & BROS., Ohio. 1 Reg. Bull, 6 mos old. 1 Reg. Bull, 4 novel, with general acceptation, and Mechanicsburg, mos. old. Lot of 1 grades bull calves. whose address in Philadelphia on Feb- 1 hull calf out of a Hereford cow by ruary 22, 1903, showed strong imagina- Reg. Angus bull 5 mos. tive sympathy with his subject, has DORSEIS AND HEREFORD! The above stock are as fine as can an exhaustive study of the here- made Somt Exceptionally Rare Barjains to Quick Buyers. be found in Virginia, and will be sold dity, circumstances, and events which My herd bull, bull calves and Dorset reasonable. fitted the son of a Virginia planter for bucks. Registered stock. W. M. WATKINS & SONS, one of the greatest careers in history. MILLS, VA. Saxe, Charlotte Co., Va. Dr. Mitchell imagines Washington sit- H. ARMSTRONG, LANTZ 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 789 REGISTERED ting down at Mount Vernon in his old l».»A>A»U'.»»'.»».-!r'V.V.V.'^ age and recording, solely for his own IMMUNE HEREFORDS. eye, the story of his "youthful life and Sale of 60 head at AUBURN. ALABAMA, the influences that affected it for good or ill." February 3, 1904. The author has so fully enter- R ERKSHIRES Under the management and auspices of the ed into the habit of mind of Washing- Alabama State Experiment Station. Thia ton that it is impossible for the ordi- * f consignment is nary a pick of four of the best reader to separate in the text the >' ANNEFIELD HERD herds in Kentucky. Bulls and Females of passages taken out of his actual >' writ- Represents the ages to all. ings suit IMMUNE to Southern fever from those which Dr. Mitfhp'l ( by INOCULATION. imagines him to write. No one can I ' For particulars and illustrated catalogues read this record without obtaining a t Finest Blood Lines address GILTNER BROS., Eminence Ky., or new and vivid sense of the personality i Auburn, Ala. in England or America. of Washington and of the remarkable ( We have a choice lot of cows, bulls and t heifers for sale at our experiences which made him the man .' Kentucky Farms. Stock for sale at all times. Prices are reasonable. Write us before buy- for the hour and for all time. f ing elsewhere. I "The tinted illustrations . . . . i "Correspondence Solicited. testify to the steady progress of an art t Inspection Invited. which must in the end make the maga- t zine of more permanent and vital in- EDW. G. BUTLER, Annefield iFarms, i) terest." ''. V.P.I. Briggs, Clarke Co., Va. 'DIE INFLUENCE OF THE YOUTH'S ;^^ 790 T5E SOUTHEKN PLANTER [B'ecember by this Board, and ought to be in the hands of every dairyman. Like every report sent out under the hand of Mr. Coburn, the able sec- retary is HOG of the Board, it worthy BOOK FREE of the highest praise. The Kansas A copy of my book, "HOGOLOGY," revised Board, under the direction of Mr. and enlarged, will be sent Free to any bog Coburn, is one which never re- raiser who mentions this paper when asking for it. A few of the many important subjects quires to justify its existence. Its that are thoroughly covered in this valuable works do this for it. Would that book are: Descriptions and illustrations of we could say the same of all other the leading breeds of swine; swine-record as- sociations; best location for hog-raising; se- Boards. lecting a breed; what constitutes a good hog New Mexico Experiment Station, Me- for the farmer: value of a good boar; value of silla Park, New Mex. Bulletin 47. a pedigree; breeding; care of the sow: rearing fall pigs; fecundity of sows; practical foods; Shade Trees and Other Ornamen- the runt pig; when to market; inbreeding; tals. anatomy of the hog (fully illustrated); dis- Ohio Experiment Station, Wooster, 0. eases and treatment, etc., etc. TRADE-MARK. Bulletin 141. The Maintenance of Fertility. I Insure Hogs and Pay for All That Die Station, Knox- Tennessee Experiment When my Remedy is used as a preventive. Write for plan. This Remedy is a MEDICINE ville, Tenn. Bulletin, Vol. XVI., especially for hogs, and must not be confounded with cheap "stock foods." 27 years un- equalled success and the biggest money maker for hog raisers known. No. 3. Corn, Wheat and Soy Bean PRICES:—25-lb. can, $12.50; 12%-lb. can, $6.50, prepaid; pkgs., $2.50, $1.25 and 50c. each. Meal for Pork Production. None genuine without my signature on package or can label. Bulletin, Vol. XVII., No.4. The In- JOS. HAAS, V. 5., Indianapolis, Ind. fluence of Climate and Soil on the Composition and Milling Qualities of Winter Wheat. Virginia Weather Service, Richmond, Va. Report for October, 1903. LARGS YORKSHIRE HOGS Washington State College Bulletin, Pulman, Wash. The Dairy Cow THE COMING BACON BREED— Nature Study. THE MOST PROLIFIC BREED— Imperial Department of Agriculture litters, ready for for the West Indies, Barbadoes, 48 pigs from four December delivery—our Fall W. I. Agricultural News. prices always the lowest. THE KING'S PLAN. INDIAN GAMES, the fashionable table fowl.- A story is told of an attempt made WHITE LEGHORNS, the greatest layers. by a Swedish missionary to obtain a WYANDOTTES, the best all round fowl. Also foothold in Abyssinia. No sooner had WHITE he begun to preach than he was JERSEY BULLS and HEIFERS from cows with recorded but- brought, before King Menelek, who ter tests of 18 to 24 lbs. in 7 days. asked him why he had left his home in Scandinavia in order to come to Abys- sinia. The missionary promptly re- BOWMONT FARMS, Salem, Va. plied that he had come to convert the Abyssinian Jews, who are regarded as fair game for the outside propagandist. "Are there no Jews in your coun- BERK5HIRES. try?" asked Menelek. The missionary admitted that there I have just added to my herd, 2 new Im- were a few. ported and extremely fancy BOARS: 1 bred "And in all the countries that you by J. A. Fricker, Burton Mere, Wiltshire, have passed through did you find no Eng , and the other from the herd of R. W Jews or heathen?" the king continued. Hudson, Danesfield, Eng. Imported Sir Jews and heathen, the missionary John Bull and Uncle Sam are still in my admitted, were plentiful. herd. I made a large shipment of pigs Nov. 17th, having orders from New York to "Then," said Menelek, "carry this Mexico I rever was was as strong on boar pigs as NOW. Both pigs and price will man beyond the frontier, and let him suit you. Be sure to start with a new boar for Spring litters. he has converted all not return until THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, Lexington, Va. the Jews and heathen which lie be- Remember pricing (Durhams) . I also offer 4 cars tween his country and mine." Argo- me when SHORTHORNS of bright timothy hay. naut. Noah was the -first man to advertise. He advertised the flood and it came MAJESTIC SHELLER. all right. The fellows who laughed at £S labor-saving machine meets the imperative demands of the advertising cot drowned and it T! is e farmers, feed stores, millsand elevator men. Itisfurnished served them right. Even since Noah's either mounted or unmounted with wagon box elevator time the advertiser has been prosper- or double sacking elevator as illustrated. Its capacity is ing, while the other fellow is being swallowed up in the flood of disaster. 75 to 100 Bushels An Hour. —Ex. The mounted sheller is peculiarly adapted to carrying on a profitable neighborhood business in custom shelling. It will not working in sacking and feeding attachments. A neat Binder for your back num- choke, is perfect Built for long, efficient service and fully guaranteed. We make 20 bers can be had for 25 cents. Address styles of shellers, both hand and power. Ask for free catalogue. KEYSTONE FARM MACHINE CO., 1664 N. Bssver St., York, Pa. our Business Office. 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 791 .. FRUIT and POULTRY FARM .. OFFERS FOR A LIMITED TIME ONLY AT $1.00 EACH: 400 Barred Plymouth Rock Cockerels and Pullets. " 100 S. C. Brown Leghorn " " . 50 White Leghorn Pullets. 30 " Wyandotte Cockerels. 30 " Plymouth Rock Cockerels. 76 SiIver=Laced Wyandotte Cockerels and Puilets. 10 Black Minorca Cockerels. This^stock'is well-bred and will give satisfaction. Also offer 25 BARRELS of WHITE FRENCH and JERUSALEM ARTICHOKES at $2.00. Try them now so you will be ready when it is time to plant. .- .• .• P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., Staunton, Va . BILTMORB FARMS, = Biltmore, N. C. Headquarters for GOLDEN LAD JERSEYS, Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGOLD. j» * * GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls. Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with an individuality that wins in the show ring. SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever offered, both for breeding and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many of these calves are fit to show and win in any company. j» j» BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS. + J> SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from our prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last two seasons. If you want winners you must breed from winners. Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES. apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biltmore, n. c s 792 THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER [December EMILY'S CHARGE. A Serial Tale by Mary Washington. Bargains in CHAPTER VI. CATTLE. About the time Walter was fifteen, Having sold my farm, I offer a splendid lot of cattle reas- to Emily's great relief, a way was at very opened for him to go on with the onable prices. I must sell them as I have no place to winter them- studies which she no longer felt com- petent to teach him. The clergyman 22 3-yr. old Angus Heifers, pure). of the parish, who was an accom- f£ 2 3-yr. old Grade Shorthorn Heifers. plished scholar, made up a class of boys to teach in those branches, three All of these heifers to have their second calves next year by a Reg. Angus Bull. times a week. He had two little daugh- 18 calves from above Angus Heifers by a Reg. Angus Bull. ters whom he was anxious to have in- 1 half-bred yearling Angus Heifer. structed in music, so Emily proposed 1 6 mos. old half-bred Angus Heifer calf an exchange of lessons, and as the 1 Registered 2 yr. old clergyman willingly acceded to this Angus Bull. arrangement, Emily had the happiness I would like you to come and see these cattle. Come to Danville, Va. and take of securing for her brother those ad- the D. & W. cars to Oak Hill, Va. vantages which she had feared would be out of his reach. The clergyman W. D. BETH ELL, proved a kind and helpful friend in Wenoda, Va. many ways. Amongst others, he lent them many valuable new books and . ABERDEEN-ANGUS .. periodicals, introducing them thus to CATTLE many fine writers who had entered the field of letters since they had ceased The best breed in the to have means to buy new books, or world for grading up subscribe to periodicals. As Emily had been almost entirely debarred purposes. from periodicals for several it years, Pure-bred bulls from 3 was a great enjoyment to her to have access to them again. It is a kind of mos. to 4 yrs. old. Prices literature that cannot be supplied by to according to any books, however fine, and to per- $50 $150 sons living in an isolated situation it age and quality. is especially important, if they wish to remain at all in touch with the out- None but good indi- side world with its mighty onward viduals sent out. rushing current of spiritual, intellec- tual and material activities. Walter, Call and see them, or write for what you need. from not having had many advantages, Culpeper Co., Va. learned to prize such as came within ROSEDALE STOCK FARM, Jeffersonton, his reach in a way that would have surprised more favored boys who are SUNNY HOME HERD OF apt to think they are conferring an ob- ligation on their parents or teachers when they deign to avail themselves ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE. of the educational advantages lav- ished on them. He was studious and BARON ROSEBOY 57666 by the great GAY BLACKBIRD, heads the herd. quick, so he kept apace with the other Our motto, "QUALITY first, last, and all the time." Our aim, to produce the boys who were preparing for college, though there seemed no prospect of best cattle possible. Prices as low as is consistent with first quality. Write for himself. But his ever going there, what you want to his mind was so receptive of knowl- edge that Emily felt no uneasiness now A. L. FRENCH, R. F. D., Byrdville, Va. about his being an ignoramus, even if Depot and shipping point Fitzgerald, Rockingham Co., N. C, D. & W. Railway, he should never enter the doors" of a college. He had changed and devel- 24 miles southwest of Danville, Va. oped very much and very rapidly since they had lived at the cottage. He was naturally of an easy, careless, pleas- ure loving temperament, but the cir- cumstances under which he was grow- a few well-bred registered ing up had done much to counteract Jersey this natural bent and to bring out WE OFFER Bull and heifer Calves at $30 each. nobler traits. These simple and inno- for him cent modes of life, the necessity They are four months old and from best strains of this to exert and deny himself, his love for his sisters, and theirs for him, all also a few young boars large enough breed ; Berkshire these things had conspired to early de- velop the careless boy into a manly for service at $15 each, and pigs ]eight weeks old at $6 aDd thoughtful youth. Already he was beginning to assume a tone of protec- each—by pair or trio, not akin. tive tenderness to his sisters, and Em- was not very far ily felt that the day - Fredericksburg, Va distant when he and herself would re- M. B. ROWE & CO., verse positions, and she would begin to lean on and look up to him. 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 793 But neither "the course of true love" nor any thing else in this mortal life is destined to run smoothly, always, Established 1828. 75 Years. and this fact, the orphans experi- enced in the fourth year of their so- journ at the cottage. That summer BUIST'S being an unfortunate one for fruit and vegetables, they scarcely realized any "thing at all from these sources. Emily GARDEN SEEDS. looked forward, however to relieving their little fortunes by means of her OUR SPECIALTY is the growing of Garden Seeds from Selected Seed school, in the autumn. Judge then, Stocks. The great importance of following this system for the production of Seeds to insure fine vegetables is familiar to all if what was her dismay when the School gardeners ; vegetables from which Trustees informed her (which they did seeds are grown are inferior or impure, so must their product be. IF YOU HAVE a Garden, for very reluctantly) that it was against send Buist's Garden Guide for the South ; edition for 1904 the regulations to locate the school at now ready. IF YOU ARE a Marked Gardener, send for Our Wholesale Price the same place, that year as it had al- List for Truckers, now ready. ready been located in one place as long IF YOU ARE a Countrv Merchant, send for Our Wholesale Trade as it was allowable to do so consecu- Price List, now ready. tively. They now had to remove it to another locality, quite out of her range, so during the ensuing session, ROBERT BUIST COMPANY, she had to eke out a scanty living by teaching a small private school. I SEED GROWERS, may anticipate the course of my nar- PHILADELPHIA, PA. rative, however, by saying that her school was given back to her next ses- sion to the great rejoicing of the chil- dren and neighbors around her. The neighbors had become so much at- Reg. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN tached to the orphans that during the term when Emily was deprived of the of the Netherland, Kol, Clothilde, public school, they took care, in many CATTLE De Pietertje kind and thoughtful ways, to do all and Artis families. Heavy milkers aud rich in butter they could to fill up the breach, send- ing them many substantial proofs of fat. Stock of all ages for sale. kindness, in the shape of suppers. Dur- ing this time of straitness. Emily could From floted strains. Imported Headlight, Lord help having at times a heart sink- Reg.°* BERKSHIRES not Bighclere and Sunrise. ing fear lest after' all, their little household might have to disband, and she might have to give up the under- DORSET SHEEP= taking that was the cherished object of her life, but she was enabled to B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS, weather the storm by the kindness of her friends and neighbors, the pittance N. & W. and Southern R. R. T. O. SANDY, Burkevllle, Va. she got from her few pupils, and the ladle proceeds of a silver urn and she Hill Top Stock Farm. had kept for extremities. These were old fashioned pieces of -silver that were heirlooms in her mother's family, and BERKSHIRE HOGS and their kind friend, the clergyman ef- fected the sale of them to a friend of SOUTHDOWN SHEEP his who was an enthusiast about old =A Specialty. 1 silver articles in gen- fashioned and - ITOinm - * history of Allen, eral. When she heard the S. Brown who succeeds H. A. S. • rH)^j'^B[^^ the orphans, she being wealthy and Hamilton & Co. in the ownership and man- '' generous, as well as kind hearted, agement of this celebrated Stock Farm, with increased facilities, will make a added $25.00 more to the already lib- specialty of breeding Berkshire Hogs and Southdown Sheep, without regard to coat, eral sum she had agreed to give for the from the purest and most royal strains of imported blood. silver so the fund from this source was of very great assistance in main- My BERKSHIRE! PIGS taining the orphans. They had been For this Fall delivery will weigh 100 pounds at 12 weeks of age, and for INDIVID- living at the cottage about Ave years MERIT cannot be excelled in the United States. They will make show hoge when, one day, a visitor was announced UAL against any and all competitors and are being engaged every day. whose name was dimly familiar to Emily as a memory of her childhood. S. BROWN ALLEN, Staunton, Virginia, (Successor to H. A. S. Hamilton & Co.) It was that of a man who had former- ly been a friend and neighbor of the Henninghams. but who had gone West, ABERDEEN ANGUS BULLS several years before the war. TOR. SALE. He told her he had recently re- "Every Bull « Shaw Bull." turned from the West and had just been to his old neighborhood where, The choicest lot of young bulls in Southwest Vir- said he. "I felt disposed to quote ginia, all out of prize winning families at low prices. Moore's lines, Do you want a bargain? If so, come and see us, or Address W. P. ALLEN, Prop of Olen Allen Stock "I feel like one who treads alone Farm, Walnut Hill, Va. Some banquet hall deserted." ; 794 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December So changed was the dear old place. Not the least sad of the changes was to find that your father was dead, and his children no longer owning his old home. I not only wished to see him Black Leg Vaccine on account of our friendship, but I had some business to transact with him. I have sought you out as his representative." Pasteur Vaccine Co. sfSIKS "What is the business you speak of?" asked Emily. "It involves a little history of which I will tell you. Many years ago I fell in- ROSEMONT HEREFORDS. to such business difficulties that noth- ing remained but for me to wipe out SS^SSi&b ACROBAT 68460, and start fresh. I had a notion to try my fortunes in the West, but the jour- SPECIAL NOTICE ! 10 nice, well-bred heifers, safe in calf ney and contingent expenses, together to Acrobat, will be sold at very reasonable figures. with some little debts I had to settle C. before starting required about $1,000. E. CLAPP. Berry ville, Clarke Co., Va. Your father who was very prosperous at the time, volunteered to lend me the sum, and declined to take my boDd for it, saying, 'I know you will return VIRGINIA HEREFORDS, it, if you are ever able, and if not, you may accept it as a gift.' I need not say this generous confidence bound me Herd headed by the Champion more strenuously than any legal form could have done to return the loan PRINCE RUPERT, 79539. it was in power. I did whenever my Correspondence Solicited. Inspection Invited. not arrive at any sudden and fairylike prosperity in the West. Few people do. Then our communication with the EDWARD G. BUTLER, East was cut off during the war, so I Annefield Farms. BRIGGS, Clarke Co., Va. could not have returned the money PRINCE RUPERT. 79,539 then, even if I had had it. Since the war, I have had my ups and downs, 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i i i 1 i and have only attained anything like a 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 reliable prosperity in the last year or two. But the delay seems to have been providential, for had I paid this score Bacon Hall Farm. sooner, it might have been swallowed up in the general wreck of your fath- er's fortunes. As it is, I hope it may prove of some service to his children." With tears of emotion , Emily Hereford registered Cattle thanked her kind friend. She had known nothing of the transaction and gp| "TOP" BREEDING, CALVES NOT AKIN. there existed no proof of it except on his memeory. Egg MOTTO—Satisfaction^ no sale. "That money was loaned me," re- sumed he. "long enough ago to have E. M. QILLET & SON, = Glencoe, Haryland. doubled itself, if I had borrowed it from a regular money lender. There- I I I I I I M , I I I I I I fore I consider it. only just to return it to you double," and so saying, he handed her his check for $2,000. BEG-ISTEBE u~.„ Emily protested against this. The transaction, she reminded him, had been a purely friendly transaction, and .HEREFORD CATTLE. should not be conducted as with a money lender. Service Bulls; Imported Salisbury 76059 (19083), a grand-l "The money your father lent me, son < f the famous Grove 3d 2490, and a descendant of the Lord Wilton 4057 from the 4th generation. my dear young lady, has benefitted roe world renowned the of Salisbury, is now in the herd of His at the time far more than many times Snowball, dam Majesty King Edward VII. the same sum would do now. It gave Lars, Jr., is by Lars of Western fame and his dam is Judy out of a Sir Richard me a start, and now I am both willing 2nd cow This makes a great combination of the Grove 3d, Lord Wilton, Anxiety. and able to return it with interest, and Peerless Wilton and Sir Richard 2nd strains. No better breeding in the world today, it is only just I should do so." So FOR HALE Yearling bulls by above sires. WANTED—Reg Hereford heifers, 18 saying, he took his leave. — to 24 months old, not bred; will exchange bulls for heifers of equal quality. She then hastened to tell Walter and Extremely low prices to close out this bunch; only a ftw left. Alice of their good fortune. Write your needs or call and make your own selection. "What a windfall!" exclaimed Wal- Keswick is on tbe C. & O. Ry., ter, in boyish glee. MURRAY B00C0CK, Owner, Keswick, Alb. Co., Va. near Charlottesville, Virginia. "Nay," said Emily, reverentially raising her eyes towards heaven. "Not a windfall, but a God send." When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the Our readers may imagine the state Southern Planter. 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 795 of pleasant excitement into which this treasure trove threw the orphans. Emily's first impulse was to give Wal- c Scours ter a collegiate course with the money, ARMOUR'S BLOOD MEAL Calves. sustaining Alice and herself still by 7l her school. Walter was now in his First proved by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, and since 18th year, a tall, fine looking, manly corroborated by thousands of leading stockmen who have used It without youth, the joy and pride of his sister's a single failure. Equally effective for the diarrhea of all animals. heart. He had already began to judge PREVENTS weak bones, paralysis of the hind legs and "thumps" and decide for himself, and some- in pigs; "big bead" of foals; "rickets" of aU young animals; times more wisely than his first im- abortion due to incomplete nutrition, and a host of other troubles. pulses suggested. A Potent Food for Work Horses, Dairy Cows, Poultry. "No, sister," said he. "This cannot Write us for booklet giving valuable information about Blood Meal and our and ought not to be. It would be like other feeding products. Consult us free of charge regarding stock diseases. eating up seed corn. I never mean to go to college, unless I can first earn THE ARMOUR FERTILIZER WORKS, the money myself. I will not use for Chloago. Omaha. Baltimore. Atlanta. Jacksonville. this purpose money that ought to be so invested as to contribute to your and Alice's support." They called in their kind friend, the clergyman, for consultation, and one PIGS in BERKSHIRE] or two of the other neighbors, whose judgment and good wishes, they felt an especial confidence. After a long consultation as to how the money could of choice breeding," and to make them more desir- be invested so as to yield the best and most lasting results, the general opin- able, they arefine^individuals, properly fed; there- ion was that it would be wisest to in- vest it in a small grazing and fruit fore they develop well. Write- farm, reserving enough of the fund to get a small flock of sheep, a few head of stock, and enough young fruit trees Forest Home Farm, to set out a good sized orchard. What gave additional weight to this Purcellville, Virginia. advice was the fact that a small farm suitable to their purposes, was actually on the market, very near their present location. They already had the nu- cleus of a good orchard, and had ac- quired some knowledge and experience X in the line of fruit culture, and so it X seemed wisest for them to go on from this starting point, especially as this ClSMONT DORSETS was a section peculiarly well adapted to the cultivation of orchard fruits. In the course of a few months, they CISMONT STOCK FARM offers well developed young carried into effect the plan proposed by X Dorsets of the best blood of England and America. their friends, and though I cannot startle my reader by any recital of how X the sheep, cattle and fruit trees proved X Prices Reasonable. G. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va. invulnerable to accident and disease, and marvelously remunerative, still under Walter's careful tendance, they throve very well, and year by year, in- creased and improved as he gained ... STOCtt FARM ... greater experience and skill in the EDGEWOOD care of them. These resources were DORSET SHEEP. sufficient to yield the orphans a com- Breeding DORSETS our business for 12 years. We can now offer Dorsets of high qual- fortable support, together with Emily's ity. Our ewes lamb In the fall. We have fall lambs now ready. Last season these lambs school. weighed 135 pounds in June. Allow us to insist that you buy only GOOD SHEEP when Walter, meanwhile, did not neglect you buy Dorsets. Dorset sheep have a special place in Virginia. No other breed can take in the early lamb business. Write us for facts to prove this. We ship our his studies under the cler- their place to keep up sheep on approval. gyman, and to read, as much as he had J. D. ARBUCKLE, Greenbrier County. H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton, W. Va. an opportunity to do, and owing to this, as well as to the refining influ- ence of his sisters, he escaped being awkward and rustic. He looked for- Portable Saw Mills Agricultural ward now to attending an with Engine* and Boiler. Complete College near him. a session or two, as Made in seven sizes, friction feed, cable he had gotten things in sufficiently lightning gig, patent chain set works and improved dogs. AJAX CENTER good shape to justify him in leaving CRANK ENGINES are constructed them on Mr. Wheeler's hands during with especial reference to the peculiar work required of them. This com- his absence. bination of engine and mill makes the best sawmill (To be Continued.) outfit on earth. v. chapter A. B. Farquhar Co., Ltd {"Dandy little bouquets" should York, Pa. -. read "Dainty little bouquets.") 796 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December IMPORTED BERKSHIRES AT BILT- MORE FARMS. The Cyphers Guarantee backed by every dollar we have i n the world is made to you, personally. It says that YOU In addition to the large and choice will hatch a larger percentage of healthy, vigorous chicks, with less oil, less attention, less truuble and more satisfaction, in a genuine, patented importation of brood sows which the Biltmore Farms selected during the CYPHERS INCUBATOR than in any other make or you get your money back. The genuine Cyphers Is the only pat- last summer and bought out in June, ent diaphragm, non-moisture, self-ventilating, self-regulating incubator. Adopted and en- they have just received by "S. S. Geor- dorsed by 36 Government Experiment Stations and used by more leading poultrymen than all o-her makes combined. Catalogue free if you name this paper. Address nearest office. gic" four young sows—the prize win- CYPHERS INCUBATOR CO. Buffalo. N.Y., Chicago, Boaton, Now York. ning pen of pigs at the English Royal in 1903. They were bred by His Royal Highness, Prince Christian, and were THE OAKS bought almost as much for the blood lines represented through sire and dam Has for sale, the grand Shorthorn bull, "Rock Hill Abbotts- as for their winning at the Royal, and BURN a of they are certainly a good example of 155113, grandson Mary Abbottsburn 7th ; also a nice like producing like, and may safely be lot of Calves, Bulls and Heifers ; 2 Reg. Morgan Colts at a countd on to produce themselves. Be- ing by Handley Cross, a son of History, bargain. B. B. BUCHANAN, Bedford City, Va. and out of Highclere Gem VI., they are full sisters to the first prize aged sow and reserved for championship at the Royal, and also by the same boar .. .. REGISTERED as Lord Lyon, a young boar that was selected by Biltmore Farms as being POLAND-CHINA the best young boar that they could Pigs from 4 to 6 months old. Boars ready for service, and find in England. This last lot has young with pigs. Prices . added to the offering of imported sows sews Reasonable. Apply to ... which will be sold in February on the "J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Va. Farms, making 70 head in all. These sows themselves are of the very richest breeding and the best individualitv NOW IS THE TIME to buy HOLSTEINS from the Ury Farm Herd. that could be found in all England. Alwina Count Paul Kol; De Kol 2nd Butter 3rd All are either prize winners themselves Ury De Boy No. 2, and Lord Harford De Kol head our herd. You know their official backing. There is nothing better. or are out of prize winners, and are 15 bull calves at bargain prices. Their dams are of the De Kol, Aaggie, Netherland, Pietertje and Glothide strains being bred to the very best of boars and are of he producing kind. The best bulls are sold young; also a few cows and heifers. Choice after careful stuly of the blood lines, ENGLISH BERKSHIRE pigs of the best strains. Before buying, correspond with or visit so as to select the best possible nicks. Among these boars are the following: THi'S. PASSITT & SONS, Sylmar, Md. No. 1. Danesfield Warrior (a son of that sire of many prize winners, Manor We positively guarantee to breed Favorite), champion and winner of and ship the "VERY BEoT strains of first in class at the English Royal in thoroughbred registered LARGE 1902, and many other firsts at leading ENGLISH BERKSHIRE shows, including the Royal the year Hogs for LESS MoJS EY than any other before. firm in the U. S., the superiority of our No. 2. Lord Lyon, a son of Handy stock considered Send us your order Man, and consequently a half brother and we will satisfy you both in price to the first prize pen of sows at the and Stock. WALTER B. FLEMING. • Royal, and was described by Mr. Chap- Proprietor of the Bridle Creek Stock Farm. Warrenton. N. C. man (a prominent breeder) as one of the best young boars that had ever left England. He combines style and finish with unusually good hams, extreme length and typical head to a remark- POLAND- able degree. Then there are two young boars (full brothers), out of the great prize win- ning sow Danesfield Huntress, called Danesfield Hunter and Danesfield CHINAS. Huntsman 1st. One of them was shown whilst the and proved quite a winner, I have a limited number of pigs by ' other was kept at home for service on "«AY a B,G CH,EF « 7077 - my fine boars Gray's Big Chief, 57077; « the noted herd of Mr. Hudson's The can furnish pairs not akin or related to those previously dam has made a great name at the and Victor G, 57075, and leading shows as a producer, and also purchased. Young boars and sows of all ages. Send to headquarters and get the as a producer of prize winners. In best from the oldest and largest herd of Poland-Chinas in this State at one-half blood is one of the fact, this Huntress Western prices. Address J. »• GRAY, Fredericksburg, Va. strongest and best strains that can be found in England. In addition to trie above, all the great boars now in Bilt- ut ;»•• 2,000,000 ELBERTA PEACH TREES more herd, such as Loyal Lee II., champion boar of America, the Duke, We offer 2,000,000 Elberta June Buds, besides a large stock of Belle of Georgia, etc., and their litters are being used, Mamie Ross, Carmen, Greeaiboro, etc. Big assortment of 2-year Pear and Cherry, prize wining English sows out of these and small frnit plants. Write for Catalogue. should make great continuations. Chattanooga, Tenn. The catalogue of this offering will CHATTANOOGA NURSERIES, N. Dietzen Bro., Chattanoega; be gotten out in the usual full and de- Rkfebencbs: Hamilton Trust & Ravings Bank; & Southern Planter. tailed manner of the past offerings, Dunn's Mercantile Agency; 1 . 1903.] THE SOUTHEKJN" PLANTER and breeders should write for it if only to get the list of the English prize winners. Any breeder who attended om iast sale prophesied that it would be im- possible to find a better lot or even as good again as the offering of 1902. which went at such a record breaking price, but breeders who have examined the present lot acknowledge that they are much better and decidedly more If you value comfort uniform. They ought to be, for nearly when driving use 20 per cent, more was paid for them as a whole, and a long time given for LEHMAN | CARRIAGE searching through England, and more agents kept in the fields looking out and SLEIGH HEATERS. for desirable animals. In fact, noth- Universally recognized as the STANDARD make. Avoid ing was left undone, and whatever the WINTER discomforts results of the sale, whether the public by heating your Carriage, Wagon or Sleigh buy them in at their value or secure with one of the LEHMAN HEATERS. It burns LEHMAN coal at a them at a bargain, the Farms at cost of 1-4 cent per hour, or 2 cents per day, and there is no smoke, least have distributed a lot of animals smell nor danger of fire from same. of tested blood lines and whose in- HORSEMEN everywhere use fluence is bound to be felt in the future. and recommend them, which in itself is a GUARANTEE of their usefulness, and their high standard. « 200,000 OF OUR HEATERS are in actual use. AGRICULTURE FOR BEGINNERS. I Have you one? By C. W. Burkett. Professor of Agri- Write for booklet and prices. Your carriage, harness or hardware culture; F. L. Stevens, Professor of dealer has our goods. Biology; and D. H. Hill, Professor of English in the North Carolina College LEHMAN BROS., MFRS., J. W. ERRINGER, Gen. W. Sales Agt., of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. 10 Bond St., New York. 45 E. Congress St., Chicago, 111. 12mo. Cloth. 267 pages. Illustrated. List price, 75 cents. Ginn & Co., Pub- lishers, New York. The authors have prepared this little book in the belief that there is no line of separation between the science of agriculture and the practical art of agriculture, and that the subject is eminently teachable. Theory and prac- Fortunes in Stocks tice are presented at one and the same time, so that the pupil is taught the fundamental principles of farming just Ml A DIVIDEND=PAYING INVESTMENT. as he is taught the fundamental truths k/mk LARGE PROFITS GUARANTEED. SECURITY of arithmetic, geography, or grammar. The work is planned for use in gram- mar school classes. If thus presents -A'Steady Income for Life the subject to the pupil when his apti ^pw. tudes : are the most rapidly developing -1™ REGULAR MONTHLY PAYMENTS and when he is forming life habits ^n^ It will give to him. therefore, at the JUT |p. ... LARGE OR SMALL SUBSCRIPTIONS RECEIVED. vital period of his life a training whirfi will go far toward making his life MONEY RETURNED IF NOT SATISFIED. work profitable and delightful. T*>«' jj§|[| -1 further information, Liberal Discount, text is clear, interesting and teachable jp For Easy Terms, add re si. While primarily intended for class Novel Feature of Payment and FREE BOOKLET, work in the public schools, it will no -THE STOCK GUARANTY & SURETY CO." doubt appeal to all who desire a knowl- J 1122 Market St., San Francisco, California. edge of the simple scientific truths which lie at the foundation of most farm operations. | The 218 illustrations are unusually ids for till Mil excellent and are particularly effect ivo Who Wants Us THE 6REAT WESTERN in illuminating the text. The book Is Best. supplied throughout with practical ex- Spreader ercises. simple and interesting experi- Manure is the only spreader ryni iQO IDDnU and ments, and helpful suggestions. The made that has an LtlULl-Od ArllUn the many advantages which it possesses. It's always appendix, devoted to spraying mixtures in place and ready to receive the load without and fertilizer formulas; the glossary, any turning back either by hand or complicated, easily broken machinery. The front and rear In which are explained unusual and axles are of same length which, with the technical words; and the complete in- Broad Tires Prevents Rutting dex are important. of fields, meadows, etc. and makes dry froze? " eht chafly> ** DOMESTIC RECIPES. PUMI'KIN FIE. One cup (pint) stewed pumpkin, one-half cup sugar and sweet cream to make consistency of thin hatter 1 Beat two eggs and sugar together and Something good fop add to pumpkin. Season with pow- dered cinnamon. Line pie plate with flaky crust and fill with pumpkin bat Christmas ter and bake in a quick oven. During the holiday season, when good cheer everywhere prevails, there is nothing nicer ENGLISH PLUM PUDDTNO SUFFICIENT FOE to have in the house than a little good whiskey, and besides, your physician will tell you it is excellent in of sickness. But must TWELVE PEOPLE. many cases you have good whiskey, pure whiskey. You don't want to drink poor whiskey yourself, much less offer it to your friends, while as a Chop fine one pound beef suet, mix medicine, poor whiskey, adulterated whiskey, may do you decided harm. direct it with two pounds of sifted flour, two HAYNER WHISKEY goes to you from our own distillery, with all its original richness and flavor, and carries a UNITED STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S salt pounds of bread crumbs, a little GUARANTEE of PURITY and AGE. When you buy HAYNER WHISKEY you save the three teaspoonful of baking powder enormous profits of the dealers and have our guarantee that your money will be promptly two pounds stoned raisins, two pounds refunded if you are not perfectly satisfied with the whiskey after trying it. That's t air, isn' t it? cleaned currants chopped, add spices (nutmeg, ground cloves, or any mixed spices to suit the taste) one pint bran dy or good wine, one dozen eggs wel' beaten. Mix all ingredients well. Flour your pudding cloth or bag, or mould AYNER WHISKEY and boil 10 hours. If served at once pour one-half pint brandy over and PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE just as served -touch with a lighted taper and send to table blazing. Thi? will keep for months and can be re FULL $0*20 EXPRESS heated. 4 PREPAID GREEN TOMATO SWEET PICKLE. QUARTS O Slice green tomatoes and onions, al will send you ternate layers, in a stone jar, and We FOUR FULL QUART BOTTLES of HAYNER'S SEVEN-YEAR- OLD RYE for S3.20, express charges paid by us. Try it and if you don't find it all right sprinkle lishtly with salt, let stand om and as good as you ever drank or can buy from anybody else at any price, send it back at night. drain off all the water next our expense and the next mail will bring you your $3.20. Could any offer be one pound brown fairer? This offer is backed by a company with a capital of $500,000.00, paid morning, and put in full, and the proud reputation of 36 years of continuous success. We have sugar, and one ounce of ground mixed over a quarter of a million satisfied customers, proving conclusively that spices and one quart of good vinegar our whiskey is all right and that we do exactly as we say. Shipment made in a plain sealed case, with no marks or brands to indicate contents. to one gallon of the tomatoes and on for Ariz., Mex., Ore., Utah, Wash, ions and boil until onions are done Orders Cal., Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N. or Wyo., must be on the basis of 4 Quarts for S4.CO by Express Put in stone or glass jars and cover Prepaid or SO Quarts for $16.00 by Freight Prepaid. with vinegar. With each four will send free one gold-tipped whiskey FREEiibb quart order we giass an(j one corkscrew. If you wish to send an order to a friend, as DRESSING FOR TURKEY (ROA.ST.) a Christmas present, we will enclose with the shipment an elegant souvenir card, with both your rames neatly printed thereon. To one pint of sifted corn meal, add one-half pound lard and a little salt Write our nearest office and do it NOW. make into a loaf or cake, with coV1 water and bake done. Then break into THE HAYNER D1STILUNG COMPANY ATLANTA, DAYTON, OHIO ST. LOUIS, MO, ST. PAUL, MINN. fine nieces, crust and all and seasor GA. with black pepper, one eeg, a pinch of 155 Distillery, Thot, O. Established 1866. sage, an onion chonned fine, and liquor in whi^h turkey has been cooked, to make it stick together and stuff. Sage may be omitted, oysters may also be added. Grape jelly is nice with fowl. Mrs. N. K. Guthrie. merchants""national bane OLD VIRGINIA HAM. OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. Select ten fresh pork hams of ten Capital Stock, - $200,000.00 pounds each, rub over the flesh side of these a mixture composed of two Surplus and Profits, - - $672,445 75 pounds of brown susar, J pound of salt Designated Depository of the United States, City of Richmond and Commonwealth petre. } pound of black pepper and k pound of red pepper. Salt enough to of Virginia. three quarts to cover the hams, about Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, this the 100 pounds. Pack in a tub or box Bank oilers superior facilities for direct and quick collections. with the skin downward. Let them remain six weeks, then hang by a JNO. P.BRANCH, JNO. K. BRANCH, JOHN F. GLE^N, Btring and smoke with green wood, President. Vice-President. Cashier. UNTIL YOU HAVE INVESTIGATED DON'T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES the: master workman* A two-cylinder gasoline engine: superior to all one-cylinder engines. Costs less to buy ami h ss to run. Quicker and easier started Has h wider sphere hickory is preferable, a few hours each € *********** t3r3r3r*J3t3t3t3t3l3e3<9l3t3e3t3r<3r»r3ri^ **3t************* day, for a period of ten days. Rub over with hickory ashes and leave 8 For The Whole World! them hanging for three weeks, after Cn»,r /\/i;i1^r and Little which wrap in paper and put in bags. JiJClW iVllllS Big Ones Ones! They are best from one to two years All sizes from 4 II. P. Farmers' Mill that cuts 3,000 feet a day, up to the biggest that's made. old. OVER 10.000 DELOACH PATENT SAW MILLS IN USE. Hams cured as above, being unsur- passed in quality and flavor, need to be Our Large Catalog boiled in water only. To cook the No. 66 ham, soak in cold water six or eight hours; washing and scrape thoroughly, will interest you. It illus- trates and tells all about the put in a closed boiler nearly full of famous DeLoach Patent Va- cold water, boil slowly allowing twenty riable Friction Feed Saw minutes to the pound. When done let fiills, Shingle Mills, Hauers, the ham remain in the liquor till cool; Edgers, Trimmers, Stave and then remove the skin, spread over with Lath Mills, Bolters, Cord brown sugar moistened with sherry Wood and Drag Saws, Corn wine, cover with cracker dust, put in and Buhr Mills, Water Wheels, a hot oven a few till minutes a nut Mill Gearing, Pulleys, Shaft- brown. Serve platter on garnished ing, Etc. with parsley. Please mention the Southern Mrs. B. B. Httx. Planter when writing us. No. 3 Victoria Flat, Washington, D. C. We will appreciate it. DelOACH MILL MANUFACTURING CATALOGUE. CO , BOX 666 JIIIOIIIO, GO Ni IN YOIk Blflrffll, 1 14 LIWSI. The Largest Saw Mill Manufacturing in World. DeLoach patent saw mills and high 2 Plant the grade mill machinery, Atlanta, Ga. This is a fine and complete catalogue of the products of one of the most re- liable and largest makers of saw mill * THE J machinery. EBEN HOLDEN REDIVIVUS AND A PIE. "1 remember once," said Uncle Eb, SEABOARD "I praised a woman's pie. We were over in Canada buyin' cattle. The AIR LINE RAILWAY woman she asked me if there. was any- thing I'd like to hev fer my dinner. I OFFERS THE MANUFACTURER, told her that I was very fond o' berry pie. so she made one. It came on the THE STOCK RAISER, table in a pan. I didn't know what PROFITABLE 'twas, er mebbe I could hev made an THE DAIRYMAN, excuse an' got away. Suddenly the INVESTMENTS THE FRUIT GROWER, woman began to cut it. " 'I've made thet pie you asked fer,' TO. THE TRUCKER. she said. 'It took me a long time, but here 'tis, an' I hope you'll like it.' WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN. "The pie was about three inches thick, an' there was only jest a leetle Would a country where work can be carried on the entire year and where streak o' red stain through the mid- large profits can be realized interest you? dle o' it where the berries oughter be." The old man paused a moment. The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and a "Wall." he continued, with a sigh. region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome illustrated "o' course I hed to eat thet pie. It was literature descriptive of the section. the greatest obstacle I ever encoun- tered. Fer a minnit I felt as if I was J. B. WHITE, EDW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN, ketched in a bear-trap. But I looked Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va. Traffic Mgr. Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Vi as pleasant as possible, an' went to work on thet piece o' pie. I no sooner got through than it went to work on VIRGINIA DIVISION. me. There wa'n't much left o* me next day. I lay there sick abed, an' the good woman she brought up another Farmers Mutual Benefit Association pie. She wanted to please me. an' I A Fire Insurance Association, chartered by the State of Virginia, for well plan. hedn't the heart to tell her what I farmers, under an amended and protected thought o' her bakin', but she pressed Insures in counties surrounding and accessible to Richmond, against Fire it on me." and Lightning, only country property—no stores or unsafe risks. Policy-holden " 'No more, thank you,' says I. amply secured—all legitimate losses paid. Average cost per year less than other " 'I thought you said it was good,' plans, and a great saving to farmers. Amount of property now insured. $330,000, says she, with a look o' disappoint- and increasing yearly. Estimated securiey in real and other estate, $750,000. ment. For further information, address, CHAS. N. FRIEND, General Agent, " 'Madam,' says I, 'the pie is good, mextton this .toukxal. CHESTER. VIRGINIA. but I ain't good enough to eat it. I ain't even joined the church yit. Give When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the me a leetle more time fer preparation." —Irving Bacheller. in Leslie's Monthly. Southern rianter. — ; 800 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December GUSTAVUS F. SWIFT'S MOTTOES. Uncle Sam, in the person of 10 of his of purity and age, and saving you the Gustavus F. Swift, the late head of government officials, has charge of dealer's big profits. If you use whiskey, the great packing house of Swift and every department of the Hayner Dis- either medicinally or otherwise, Company, Chicago, left an estate worth tillery. During the entire process of should read the offer of The Hayner over seven million dollars. Perhaps distillation, after the whiskey is stored Distilling Company elsewhere in this Mr. Swift did not enjoy all the pleas- in their warehouses, during the seven paper. ures of life; in fact, he was known to years it remains there, from the very have missed many that even money grain they buy to the whiskey they get, can not buy, and, perhaps, there are Uncle Sam is constantly on the watch Is att complete, toady to a* people who believe that his mode of ne "WeberJunior" tach to pump. Equals 80 men to see that every thing is all right. pump log water. life was not ideal, but he left to the Uses but little gas- They dare not take a gallon of their Pumper* young men of the country and some oline. Is shipped — own whiskey from their own ware- »n blso crated completely old ones as well—a greater legacy than • used _ erected, all connec- house unless he says its all right. And *or other tions made. Easy to start, any can be measured by wealth. He left j©wei one can operate It. Every when he does say so, that whiskey goes rarpot. one guaranteed. Other the example of his life and the origi sizes direct to you, with all its original rich- up to 50 H. P. Send for cat- nal maxims which were his guide in alog. Weber Gas & Oasol'nn ness and flavor, carrying a United Engine Co., Box Wo building a great business. All of Kansas City- Mo. States registered distiller's guarantee these maxims have been collected, and are presented herewith, complete, for the first time: — No man, however rich, has enough money to waste in putting on style. • The richer a man gets the —"§r more GASOLINE ENGINES careful he should be to keep his head level. That do reliable work are Business, religion and pleasure of our specialty. Many manu- the right kind should be the only facturers claim many things, things in life for any man. some that are not well found- A big head and a big bank account were never found together to the credit ed. We guarantee our en- of any one, and never will be. gines to do what we claim No young man is rich enough to for them. smoke twenty-five-cent cigars. Every time a man loses his temper he loses his head, and when he loses Wind = Mills, his head he loses several chances. Next to knowing your own business, Tanks, Rams, it's a mighty good thing to know as much about your neighbor's as possi- Iron and Wire ble, especially if he's in the same line. Fences, Pumps. The best a man ever did shouldn't be his standard for the rest of his life. The successful men of to-day worked SYDNOR PUMP & WELL CO., Inc. mighty hard for what they've got. The men of to-morrow will have to work Box 949. RICHMOND, VA. harder to get it away. If the concentration of a lifetime is found in one can of goods, then that life has not been wasted. No man's success was ever marked The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway by the currency that he pasted up on billboards. When a clerk tells you that he must Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and leave the office because it is 5:30 P. M., rest assured that you will never see his name over a front door. The secret of all great undertakings THR0UQ1 ITS CONNECTIONS.... is hard work and self-reliance. Given these two qualities and a residence in THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis, the United States of America, a young Sandusky and Cleveland man has nothing else to ask for. AGE BEFORE BEAUTY. THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus; "Yes," said the old man, addressing THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima his young visitor, "I am proud of my girls, and would like to see them com- and Dayton fortably married; and as I have a little money, they will not go to their bus- bands penniless. There's Mary, FORMS THE MOST DIRECT ****£££?&&$" ROUTE. twenty-five years old, and a real good girl. I shall give her five thousand dollars when she marries. Then comes To STAUNTON, LYNCHBURG, CHARLOTTESVILLE, Bet, who won't see thirty-five again, and I shall give her ten thousand dol- RICHMOND, PETERSBURG, NORFOLK, lars, and the man who takes Eliza, who is forty, will have fifteen thousand And Principal Virginia Point*. dollars with her." The young man reflected a moment or so, and then inquired, "You haven't H. W. FULLER, Qen. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C. one about fifty, have you?" 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 801 CHRISTMAS CHEER In the Greatest Abundance at MOORE'S Remember, we are headquarters for Christmas Supplies; come to town and do your Holiday Shopping with us. You will save the cost of your trip. A few articles quoted below will convince you how low our retail prices are. Write for wholesale prices. Remember we are wholesale as well as retail grocers, Special prices o merchants, Write us for prices on any articles not mentioned, Our retail prices are : Granulated Sugar 4|c New Layer Raisins, 2 pounds for 25c Best Irish Potatoes, bushel 75c New Loose Raisins, pound 10c Best Meal, bushel 70c New Sultana Raisins, pound 12£c 3-pound Crocks Preserves 18c New Seeded Raisins, pound 10c Pride of Richmond Flour, barrel $4.75 New Citron, pound 15c Or, per sack 30c New Mixed Nuts, pound 12-£c Try-aBita, 10c package, or 3 for 25c Almonds, pound 15c 3-pound Pails Apple Butter 18c Filberts, pound 12c Mother Oats, package 9c Brazil Nuts, pound 10c Quaker Oats, package 10c English Nuts, pound 15c Silver Leaf Lard, pound 10c Pecans, pound 12-|c Butcher's Lard, pound 10c Cocoanuts, each 4c Good Lard, 3 pounds for 25c Old Crow Rye, per gallon $3.00 California Hams, pound 9c Old Keystone Rye, per gallon $2.50 Regular Hams, pound 16c Old Excelsior Rye, per gallon 2.00 Best Salt Pork, pound 10c Old Capitol Rye, per gallon 1.50 Good Salt Pork, pound Corn, gallon 2.00 8c I North Carolina per Jugs 10c. per gallon extra. All kinds and grades of Wines and Liquors at lowest prices. Special attention to out-of-town orders for jug and bottle trade. Consignments of country produce so- licited and taken in exchange. J. S. MOORE'S SONS, Wholesale and Retail Grocers, 1724 East Main Street, (Cor. 18th.) Long Distance Phone. RICHMOND, VA. These are cash prices, subject to market fluctuations. . .. - j — ' — ) 802 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December HIS BESETTING SIN. of your standing would not indulge in COLLIE PUPS Ephraim was a man of importance, anything so worldly as dancing," re- By Imported Sires sable and white and tri- being an elder in the Baptist Church plied the Colonel colors. Prices. $8 to $15. Older ones correspond- with a twinkle in his ingly low- Book Training. : and much given on 5o cents Free if to exhortation, prayer, eye, well knowing that Eph.'s besetting you buy a Collie. MAPLEMONT STOi K FARM, and song. His cabin was the scene of sin was not tripping the light fan- Albany, Vermont. many a "revival," and the powerful tastic. prayers offered by Ephraim on these "I hopes so, Kunnel, I hopes so," re- Aryshires, Berkshires and Oxford-Downs. occasions were the wonder and admira- joined Eph. in a tone of utter despair tion of the colored population. as he trudged on towards the town. Ayrshire Calves of both sexes, Berkshire Pigs and Boar and 2 Oxford- Down Rams With all his religious ardor, for how- Late the same afternoon Colonel sale. MELROSE CASTLE FARM, ever, there were times when the pleas- Snead heard a voice singing lustily Enos H. Hess, Manager, Casanova, Va. ures of the world appealed strongly to "I's gwine ter jine de band," and rec- him. Seeing him approach one morn- ognizing Eph., he asked, p Registered ing with downcast eyes and an air of "How did the trial go, Eph.?" Berg&t C. Whites. Fine large general dejection, Colonel Snead ac- "Dey cl'ar'd me, Kunnel, bress de strains. All ages, mated costed him thus: Lawd! dey cl'ar'd me." not a in, 8 week, pigs. "Hello, Eph.! you look as if you "Cleared you, did they? that's good. Bred sows. Service boars and Poultry. Write for prices and free circular. were going to your own funeral. Then you proved you'd not been danc- P. F. HAMILTON. Cochranville, Chester Co., Pa. What's the matter?" ing?" said the Colonel. "Well, Kunnel, I feels bad, suh," re- "No, suh, Kunnel, dey proved it on plied Eph.; "de 'casion am a ser'ous me all right, but dey 'lowed I was FOR SALE,-My Trotting-bred Stallion one, suh. You know de young folks drunk an' didn' know what I was GEORGE BURNS, foaled May 14, 1900. Ma- done hab a party at Nick Finney's de doin', so dey cl'ar'd me, Kunnel—bress hogany bay, star In face, left hind foot white, udder night, an' as I's been a- wrast- de Lawd!" Prudence Baxter, in No- of good style, easy to handle; will make good lin' in pray'r fer de salvation ob Nick's Lippincott's. vember breeder. Write for his breeding. soul for a pow'ful long time, I done J. TABB JANNEY, Van Clevesville, W. Va. thought I'd 'cept de invertation an' go, MONTtBELLO HERD an' maybe I mout drap a word or two dat would tech his heart. But dey was ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE JERSEY BULL. mighty leetle chance ter talk ter Nick FOR SALE—2 Registered Bulls, calved "bout 'ligion, fer dat nigger will dance "Harry's Jersey King" 45706, FOR Dec. 17th, 1902, and Aug. 28th, 1903 wheneber he heah a fiddle. Well, suh, SALE. He is beautiful, well developed, I went, an' now dey claims as how I BerKsKire Pigs, weighs about 1,500 lbs., perfectly gentle was a-dancin', an' I's ter and fawn color 1 bought him from Bilt- be tried ter- (Biltmore Strain.) day an' put outen de chu'ch." more Farms, but can use him no longer. farrowed May 1903. For terms, apply to "Well, Eph., that's pretty hard luck, Address P. H. HANES, Winston-Salem, but they ought to know that an elder L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va. N. C. Pedigrees traced and tabulated. Catalogues compiled and circulars prepared. Special attention given registration AGNEL, 38033. matters pertaining to thoroughbred and trotting horses. Bay stallion, foaled 1900; sired by Guardsman 19355, re- . . . bt . . . cord 2:23J; dam the great brood mare Zeta, dam of Miss Duke, 2:13, etc., by Red Wilkes. w. j. carter (Broad Rock), AGNEL has fine size and is a grand looking young horse, he is richly bred and has the action of a trotter. P.O. Box 929 RICHMOND, VA. Fee $15.00 the season. Representing the .... The Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va. BEN. W. SOUTHERLAND, Mt. Olive, N. C. Southern Planter, Richmond, Va. Sports of the Times, New York. WHALEBONE, 7872. Kentucky Stock Farm, Lexington, Ky. Sired by Abdallah Wilkes, son of George Wilkes, 2:22, Breeder and Sportsman, San Francisco, Cal. dam Maggie O., by Abdallah, 15, sire of Goldsmith Maid, REFERENCES:—Mr. A. B. Gwathmey, Cotton Exchange, 2:14; second dam Viley Filly, by Pilot, Jr., sire of dam of New York; Mr. W. N. Wilmer, of Wilmer & Canfield, Law- Maud S. 2:081. Note. Whalebone is a richly colored bay horse of fine yers, 49 Wall St., New York; Col. K. M. Murchison, Banker, — Wilmington, N. C; Mr. L. Banks Holt, Proprietor Oneida size, handsome and well formed. His disposition is perfect. 2: winners. Cotton Mills and Alamance Farm, Graham, N. C; Maj. P. P. He has sired Visitor, 26 J, and other Johnson, President National Trotting Association, Lexing- FEE, $15, with usual return privilege. ton, Ky.; Capt. R. J. Hancock, Ellerslie Stud Farm, Char- W. C. McMACKIN, Raleigh, N. C. lottesville, Va.; Sam'l Walton, Walton Farm, Falls Mills, Va.; R. J. Reynolds, President R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., Winston, N. C; Hon. Henry Fairfax, Aldie, Va.; Jas. Cox, Record, 2:26*. Belgravia Farm, Mt. Jackson, Va. RED LEO, 28028. (See American Trotting Register, Vol. XIV. Sired by Red Wilkes, 1749, the greatest living sire; dam Dic- AINSLIE CARRIAGE CO., tator Girl, by Dictator Nos. 8, 10 and 12 Tenth St., RICHMOND, VA. NOTE—Red Leo is a richly-colored bay horse of fine size nnd substance. He comes from a great line of performers and producers. Maizie Z., 2:19£; Ella Leo, 2.-20J; Cassie Leo, 2:23}, Building Carriages to order is our special business. Re- and other winners are by him. pairing and Repainting done, and best material used. A FEE, $25 the season, with usual return privilege Address 'ill line of all the latest styles. Orders for all classes of hides solicited. Write for prices. WALTON FARM, Falls Mills, Va. 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 803 I Pi Seed House of tbe South. The following list of papers and periodicals are the RED TinOTHY, most popular ones In this section. CLOVER, We can SAVE YOU MONET on whatever ORCHARD Journal you wish. riAMIHOTH GRASS, CLOVER, RED TOP or CRiriSON HERDS GRASS, CLOVER, DAILIES. KENTUCKY Price. With WHITE BLUB GRASS, Alone. Planter. CLOVER, Times- Dispatch, Richmond, RANDALL Va }5 oo js oo LUCERNE GRASS, The Poot, Washington, D. C 6 00 6 00 CLOVER, The Sun, Baltimore, TALL MEADOW Md 3 00 340 OAT GRASS, News-Leader, Richmond, ALSYKE Va. S 00 S 00 CLOVER, JOHNSON TRI-WEEKLT. BOKHARA GRASS, The World (thrlce-a-week), CLOVER, GERHAN N. T 1 00 1 25 MILLET, WEEKLIES. JAPAN CLOVER, BUCKWHEAT, Harper's Weekly 4 M 4 M OATS and Harper's Bazaar BUR 1 00 1 40 CLOVER, CANE SEED. Montgomery Advertiser ".." 1 00 1 00 Nashville American mm M 7E The Baltimore Sun 1 00 1 S5 Breeder's Gazette ",[[ "Whatsoever Soweth, That Shall He Reap/' 2 00 1 7B One Hoard s Dairyman 1 00 1 36 Country Gentleman \\\[] 1 $0 1 75 We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of every Religious Herald, Richmond, Va.!!!! 2 00 2 26 variety at rates, included in which are Times- Dispatch, Lowest Market Richmond, Va....!. 1 00 1 25 Christian Advocate, " •< ... 1 60 175 RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS. Central Presbyterian, " " 2 00 2 25 Hor,eman !!!S00 3 00 + & & WE ALSO SELL MONTHLIES. Wool Markets and Sheep 60 Our of Fertilizers 75 Own Brands Dairy and Creamery '"] 60 ?5 Commercial Poultry 50 75 ltb ree For Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c. !!!!!!!! 150 n 5 £Northh American Review 6 00 6 00 Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and The Century Magazine 4 00 4 25 Fertilizing Materials generally. St. Nicholas Magazine 3 00 3 26 Llpplncctt's Magazine Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods. „\ 2 60 2 50 Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 ^ Samples sent by mail when desired. Forum Magazine ! 3 00 3 25 Scrlbner's Magazine .,.., 3 00 8 26 1016 Main Street, Frank Leslies Magazine !!!! 1 00 1 35 Cosmopolitan •* Magazine .".100 135 Wm. A. Miller & Son, LYNCHBURG, VA. Everybody's Magazine 1 00 1 35 Munsey Magazine !!!!! 1 00 135 Strand Magazine Ij6 165 McClure's Magazine ! 1 00 1 35 Argosy Magazine 1 00 1 35 Review of Reviews WHOLESALE .....2 50 2 75 1 Headquarters for "*"_ Blooded Stock 50 60 Successful Farming 1 00 75 AND Southern Fruit Grower ;.. 50 85 Where you f RETAIL. desire to subscribe to two or Nursery Stock. more of the publications named, you can ar- rive at the net subscription price by deduct- * ing 50 cents from "our 4* price with the We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders. PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to any f other publications not listed here, write ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME. us and we will cheerfully quote clubbing f or Apples, Netarines, Pecans, Ornamental and et subscription rates. f Pears, Cherry, Subscribers whose time does not expire f Chestnuts, Shade Trees, ttntll later can take advantage of our club Peach, Quinces, Walnuts, Evergreens, rates, and have their f subscription advanced Plum, Almonds, Small Fruits, Roses, Etc. one year from date of expiration f of their Apricots, subscription to either the PLANTER or any of the other publications mentioned. f CALIFORNIA PRIVET, lor Hedging 2 q: write for catalogue. Don't hesitate to write us for any Informa- IB = . .r AGENTS WANTED. tion desired; we will cheerfully answer any f correspondence. FRANKLIN" DAVIS NURSERY CO., Baltimore, Md We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of other 804 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December ABRAHAM LINCOLN'S PRESCRIP- thing to amend on these points. Worry Soak your new toothbrush in water TION. and dyspepsia have assumed the pro- over night to insure longer wear. There is a story, still current in Illi- portions of national evils, and they To remove mildew, use lemon juice nois, which says that an old farmer are both more or less the results of un- and sunshine; or, if deep-seated, soak friend of President Lincoln's, who used to correspond with him, com- due haste. There is np surer way to in a solution of one tablespoonful of plained on one occasion of his poor promote dyspepsia than to be in a con- chloride of lime in four quarts of cold health. He received the following re- stant state of hurry, and nothing will water, until the mildew has disappear- ply, which is quoted in Illinois as so surely give one the "blues" or in- ed. Rinse several times in clear wa- "Lincoln's" prescription:" "Do not cline one to worrying and fretting worry. Eat three square meals a day. than dyspepsia. Our native institution ter. Say your prayers. Think of your wife. —the "quick lunch" restaurant,—is re- Soap improves with keeping, so it Be courteous to your creditors. Keep sponsible for a large proportion of the should be bought in large quantities. your digestion good. Steer clear of physical ills of business people in large Before storing it, however, it is well biliousness. Exercise. Go slow and cities. Eating hastily—"bolting" one's to cut the bars into convenient pieces, go easy. Maybe there are other things food, as it is popularly expressed,—is for this most easily done when it is that your especial case requires to enough to ruin the digestive organs of soft. The cutting may be done with make you happy; but, my dear friend, an ostrich. A man would better eat a piece of string or wire more easily these, I reckon, will give you a good half as much as usual at the midday than with a knife. lift." meal,—which is usually the most hur- Keep a flour barrel elevated at least This advice is doubtless applicable ried,—and take time to masticate two inches from the floor on a rack, to in its entirety to many Americans in properly what he does put into his allow a current of fresh air to pass every state of the Union to-day. There stomach. Better still would it be if under it and prevent dampness collect- are parts of it which apply to us gen- he would give himself ample time to ing at the bottom. Do not allow any erally—as a nation. "Do not worry. relax and eat a light lunch without groceries or provisions with a strong Keep your digestion good. Go slow allowing any thought of business to odor near the flour barrel. Nothing and go easy." It would be difficult to intrude on this necessary period of re- absorbs odors more certainly than find an American who has not some- laxation.—Success. flour. Established by MANFRED CALL, GEO. WATT, 1840. IMPLEMENTS & MACHINERY ... Gen'l Manager. DISC DRILLS. (ALL SIZES.) THE NEW MOLINE. WOOD AND STEEL ROLLERS. PLOWS AND PLOW REPAIRS of all kinds. We make plows for all purposes and sell them on their merits. FEED AND ENSILAGE CUTTERS, CORN SHELLERS, ENGINES, SAW MILLS, CORN AND COB MILLS, ETC., ETC. We solicit inquires for anything desired. Write for circulars. 13 So. Fifteenth Street, Between Main and Carv, RICHMOND, VA. THE CALL-WATT CO. 1903.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER. 805 WHY USE DANGEROUS BARB WIRE 55 INCH. *. WHEN AN • Ai IN. l i ** ."*• . l . ATTRACTIVE WOVEN 1 32 IN. » IN. • j .& 20 ft 'i* _, 1 jn. * _> j FENCE .33'' IWIRE .. . „ CAN BE BOUGHT AT EVEN "jTVt LESS COST? ^,^^-J THE AMERICAN FIELD FENCING Is made in many heights and styles for turning the smallest to the largest animal. Write for special catalogue and prices. The Ohio Feed and E nsil- aqe ?C utters. C Built for Strength and Rapid Cutting. Furnished with Jeither cutter or shredder head, or both, and with blower or elevator when desired. Special catalogue mailed free. IDEAL FEED MILLS AND POWER combined grinds all kinds of shell grain as well as corn and cob. THE POWER attachment is very valuable for RUNNING WOOD SAWS AND OTHER MACHINERY. IDEAL DUPLEX FEED MILLS for steam power are very strong and grind rapidly. Triple Geared Feed Mill and Power Combined. No. 19. 1-horse ungeared feed mill, grinds corn a jwv.ffnoo. ungim and cob and shell grain. Price, $16.00. grinds corn THE FOWLER DISC PLOW will not choke in thick, rank No. 20. 2-horse ungeared feed mill, weeds or briars. Cuts a furrow 12 inches deep and 14 inches and cob and shell grain. Price, $19.00. application. wide with much less draft than any other plow. Only re- Special catalogues on quires two ordinary horses. BUGGIES. CARRIAGES, HARNESS. ROBES. WAGONS. CORN SHELLERS, WOOD SAWS, THE FULLBBT STOCK OF AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va. 1 — 806 THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER [December WHY HE WAS NOT PROMOTED. He imitated the habits of men who WHY THE LORD MADE SO MANY. He watched the clock. could stand more than he could. On Lincoln's lips, the words that He was always grumbling. He did not learn that the best part often came were these.—"The common He was always behindhand. of his salary was not in his pay-en- people." To those who lived with him He had no iron in his blood. velope. Orison Swett Marden, in — Suc- and talked with him, especially during He was willing, but unfitted. cess. the Civil War, it seemed as if he could He didn't believe in himself. ANECDOTES. never cease thinking of those who He asked too many questions. A Southern gentleman in ante-bel- were just human beings, unlettered, He was stung by a bad book. lum days had a visit from a very pom- unknown, inglorious. A congressman His stock excuse was "I forgot." pous and painfully aristocratic friend. from a western district approached He wasn't ready for the next step. After the visit was over the host asked him during his term as President, and He did not put his heart in his work. an old negro who was a favorite and apologized for presenting a petition learned nothing from his blun- He privileged servant, what he thought from his constituents, because they ders. of Judge B— . "Wall, Master," Sam re- were common people. He felt that he was above his posi- plied, "he'll do pretty well, but mity "Well," said Lincoln, pleasantly, tion. pomperious an' usurpious." "God must love the common people, He chose his friends among his in- He's made so many of 'em."—Success. feriors. A young gentleman who had just He was content to be a second-rate started out as a public school teacher, man. and wished to impress his pupils with HARD ON MR. PHILLIPS. his superior knowledge and dignity, He ruined his ability by halfdoing Wendell Phillips was in a hotel at called up the scholars on the first things. Charleston, had breakfast in his room, morning, to ascertain their names, He never dared to act on his own and was served by a slave. Mr. Phil- etc. The first gave his as judgment. name lips spoke to him as an abolitionist, "Claude." "No," said the teacher, He did not think it worth while to but the other seemed to be more con- learn how. "your proper name is Claudius." The cerned about the breakfast than about He tried to make "bluff" take the next said his name was "Jule." "No," himself. Finally Mr. Phillips told him place of ability. said the teacher again, "your name is to go away, saying he could not bear He thought he must take amuse- Julius." The third was a spry little to be waited upon by a slave. The ment every evening. fellow of seven or eight, and when the other remonstrated, "Scuse me, massa, Familiarity with slipshod methods master said, "Well, my little man, can but Ise 'bliged to stay yere, 'cause Ise paralized his ideal. you tell me your name?" he answered 'sponsible fo' de silverware." Western with alacrity, "Yes, sir, is He thought it was clever to use my name Christian Advocate. coarse and profane language. Billius!" He was ashamed of his parents be- This really occurred this fall in Pitt- Mention the Southern Planter In cause they were old-fashioned. sylvania county. Va. writing. WAGONS and BUGGIES MADE RIGHT HERE AT HOME BY The BARBOUR BUGGY CO., The HUGHES BUGGY CO., Ah of Virginia. The VIRGINIA WAGON CO. These vehicles are guaranteed to be as good as can be bought elsewhere; material and workmanship unsurpassed; all sizes and styles, prices low. We can save you time, money and freight by purchasing our vehicles. Send for our illustrated catalogues. Drop in our warehouse and inspect our stock. Inquiries cheerfully answered. AGENTS FOR PEERING MACHINES. RICHMOND BUGGY & WAGON CO., 1433 E. Main Street, RICHMOND, VA. J. T- DUNN, Manager. 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 80 A. C. SINTON. President, R. R. GWATHMEY. Vice-President. J. J. SUTTON. Secretary, Ji J* * JL Ji ESTABLISHED 1840. The WATT PLOW CO., INCORPORATED 1893. 15th & Franklin and 14th & Main Sts., Richmond, Va. Agricultural Implements, Machinery, Vehicles and Harness. ^ ** %* •* PEERLESS ENGINE. A full stock always on hand, and prompt shipments guaranteed. South Bend, Dixie and Farmer's Friend Plows and repairs. The Hancock Ro- tary Disc Plow, warranted to go In the ground where all others fail. Hocking Valley Feed Cutters, Cy- clone Shredders, Smalley Feed Cutters, Dain Corn Cutters. Equal to any made. Staver Buckeye Feed Mill and Horse Power Comhined. Star Sweep Mill. Either grinds corn on cob or shelled. Whitman All-Steel, full circle Hay Presses. George Ertel Company's full HOCKING VALLEY FEED CUTTER. circle Hay Presses. Rapid Fire Horse Power Hay Press, for one horse, a good, cheap press. Will put up from 150 to 200 bales a day. The well known Min- nich Brand Baling Presses. Hocking Valley Wine and Cider Mills. Hard wood rollers. The best mill made. Hocking Valley Corn Shellers, for DAIN CORN CUTTER. hand or power. Smalley Electric Pole and Wood Saws, for steam or horse power. Peerless Engines and Saw Mills always in stock. Several good second-hand Engines and other second- hand machinery for sale. "Pittsburgh Perfect" fencing, electrically welded. See cuts showing weld. Barb Wire, Plain Galvanized Wire, Baling Wire and Bale Ties. Continental Disc Har- rows. Buffalo and Lean Spike Harrows. STAR SWEEP MILL. The celebrated Columbus, Ohio, Bug- gies,. Carriages, Runabouts, and Traps. Farm Wagons and Delivery Wagons, a complete stock. Correspondence solicited. SECT10N8 OF WIRE FENCE. SPIKE HARROW. 808 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December A LIBERAL OFFER. f " ' i " f t i t 3 Months Trial Subscription «4i * t =TO THE= 4» Southern Planter! for 10 CENTS or 3 for 25 CENTS. I t This liberal offer should be accepted by thous= ands who are not now readers. Send in at once. The SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va. 4* Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS. 'SCIENTIFIC FEED MILLS, * II HAND POWER CUTTER. Sizes. These machines sell at sight. They have heavy fly wheels and make three cuts to each turn of the crank. They will cut hay, straw or fodder, and will cut from % to 2 inches. They are shipped K. D., securing the Lowest possible freight rates. LITTLE GIANT CORN SHELLfcR. The frame is made of thoroughly dry hard wood. The joints mortised tenoned and bolted. The bearings are bolted on the frame instead of screwed. The iron work is made from the very best material, every piece is care- fully inspected before being put on. This machine is The SCIENTIFIC Urinding Mills. high-grade all the way through. It is handsomely Are unequalled for grinding ear corn, shucks on or off, painted, striped and varnished. Corn, Oats, Wheat and all other »rntn« single or mixed. ROSS.... Fodder Cutters, Fodder Shredders, Cuttersfor all purposes, Corn Shelters, Grinding Mills, Horse Powers and Wood Saws. POWER MILLS in five sizes. 2 to 30 horse-power Scientific Sweep Hills in five sizes, Geared—plain and combined, with horse-power. Aspinwall Planter*, Potato Sorters and Cutters. iRONf ELI BALING PRESSES. ^V.\XB / > \/ styles and sizes. For horse or steam power Write for prices and catalogues. Kemp's Improved Manure Spreader. Three Sizes. Read list of only a few of the many using the MIL- Milwaukee Corn Husker and Fodder Shredder, WAUKEE Husker: Has Steel Gears and Steel Clutches and Rolls Easily Virginia: M. L. Norvell, Island. R. L. Bruce, Medlock. S. D. Ivey, Petersburg. Adjusted to all Conditions of Corn. J. C. Segar, Lewiston. J. A. Maddox, Triangle. J. A. Graham, Hanover. W. H. Walton, Rice Depot. With Blower or Carrier. Manufactured in 5 sizes : Large machines for L. E. Williams, Enfield. T. S. Wilson, News Ferry. threshermen, and small machines for farmers' own use. Julian Ruffin, Old Church. Geo. R. Land, Boydton. Edmund Ruffin, Old Church. North Carolina: A. T. Broaddus, Old Church. H. S. Saunders, Shirley. C. C. Moore, Charlotte, Mrs. Alice Bransford, Shirley. R. F. Broaddus, New Berne. C. C. Branch, Toano. Col. B. Cameron, Stagville. The above parties will cheerfully give you testimonials as to the merits of the MILWAUKEE. We are ready at all times to go in the field with any other husker made, and will guarantee the MILWAUKEE TO BE THE BEST MADE; and will also guarantee it to do more work than any other made, and SHELL LESS CORN, AND COST LESS FOR REPAIRS and last longer. Write the parties that are using them; also write for special circulars and testimonials we have, which will be sent with pleasure. Successors to HENING & NUCKOLS, CHAS. E. HUNTER, 1436-38 E. Main Si. ! The NorthwesternlUIIKIHWhXIhKIU ™™££™ BILTMORE ESTATE, Landscape Dept. Biltmore, N. C, March 9, 1903. Office of Superintendent. My policies in the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, which I have heen carrying for a num- ber of years, appeal to me as the best investments I have ever made. If I wished to carry more insurance I would not care to go outside of this Company with a view of findiDg better security or greater dividends which are based on broad but conservative business principles. It is a pleasure to me to testify as to my impres- sions. C. D. Beadle. For rates and other Virginia and North Carolina testimonials, address, Y, tnni imt lot ». mi p. «., 1201 F. www* STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON- DITION POWDERS. II you wish fat and umooth Cattle and healthy Milch Cows, give DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS. For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS use DIXIE NERVE AND BONE LINIMENT—Best on earth for Man or Beast. Large Bottle 25 cts. ; everywhere. —OWENS & MINOR DRUQ CO., Richmond, Vs. < WwvwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwvC * VIRQINIA-CAROLINA CHEMICAL CO. Southern Manufacturers OF- <£ FERTILIZERS * FOR Southern Farmers. THE FACTS: Largest makers of Fertilizers! Largest producers of material! THE RESULTS: Better Fertilizers! Lowering prices! Increasing sales Sales Offices: RICHHOND, Va., NORFOLK, VA., DURHAM, N. C. AGENTS. - - 'y, - EVERYWHERE. .______ JOHN 8. E'LLETT, President. WM. M. HILL, Cashier. ThP STITF RftNI_. CAPITAL, $500,000. SURPLUS, $240,000- OF VIRGINIA __? _ _ I it _-» I *. , m William ana 3tlar*j M I . i.. iij . u