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Katalogliste Für n WEIHNUKKA Geschichten von Weihnachten und Chanukka Verzeichnis der ausgestellten Objekte Chanukka-Leuchter „Jüdische Kämpfer und Märtyrer für Freiheit“ von Kurt J. Matzdorf, Silber, New York 2000 (JMB, Foto: Jens Ziehe, Berlin) Weihnukka – Geschichten von Weihnachten und Chanukka Verzeichnis der ausgestellten Objekte Rund um die Welt werden zur winterlichen Jahreszeit die ten Monat im jüdischen Kalender. Beide Feste entwickelten Feste Weihnachten und Chanukka gefeiert – mit Lebkuchen sich zwischen Tradition, Familienfeier und Konsumspektakel. oder Latkes, mit religiösem Bekenntnis, besinnlichem Gemüt In dieser Ausstellung erfahren Sie etwas über die Ursprün- oder politischer Botschaft. ge der Feste und ihre Überlieferung – wie sich die vielfältigen Chanukka und Weihnachten haben einiges gemeinsam: Traditionen des Feierns in verschiedenen Epochen entwickelt Zu beiden Festen zündet man in der dunklen Jahreszeit Lichter haben, und wie unter sozialen, politischen und kommerziel- an. Beide Feste fallen auf den 25. eines Monats – Weihnachten len Einflüssen neue Bräuche entstehen. auf den 25.Dezember, Chanukka auf den 25.Kislew, den neun- 1 Prolog Chanukka-Leuchter Abbildung Katalog S.11 White Christmas Abb. S.121 Mitteleuropa, ca. 1800 Schallplatte Messing, 191 x 104,70 x 65,50cm Interpret: Bing Crosby, Komponist: Irving Berlin Altonaer Museum (1916.31) Brunswick, Deutschland, 1961 Jüdisches Museum Berlin Christkind-Figur Abb. S.45 Audiostation: Mecheln, ca.1500 White Christmas Nussbaum, 36,10 x 15 x 8cm Interpret: Bing Crosby, Komponist: Irving Berlin Kolumba – Diözesanmuseum Köln (1991.4) Brunswick, Deutschland, 1961 Prolog 1 Porträt von Irving Berlin (1888–1989) Berlin: Joseph Jastrow, um 1936 USA, 1.Hälfte 20.Jh. (Reproduktion) 16,50 x 42 x 1cm John Springer Collection / CORBIS Jüdisches Museum Berlin (DOK 83/19/0) Irving Berlin mit Familie an Weihnachten Chanukka-Feiern New York, Dezember 1942 (Reproduktion) in Amateurfilmen Bettmann/CORBIS USA, Deutschland 1998–2004 Miteinander „Chanukka 2004“, München, 2004, Grünwald „Ihr Kinderlein kommet, o kommet doch all...“ C.A.M.P. TV Ein Weihnachtsbuch mit 18 Bildern Skirball Cultural Center & Museum, Los Angeles, USA von Mili Weber Jordan Peimer, Los Angeles, USA Zürich: Ernst Waldmann Verlag, 1926 Familie Bollag-Spinner, Berlin 29,40 x 21,50 x 0,50cm Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz – Weihnachten Kinder- und Jugendbuchabteilung in Amateurfilmen (BIII b 2709) Deutschland, 1950–2002 Familie Greth, Berlin/Familie Groenke, Berlin/Familie Vogt, „Chanukkah-Büchlein“ Neuruppin Von Paul Hannemann und Heinz Wallenberg in Bildern und Versen 2.1 Ursprünge Weihnachten Obwohl das genaue Datum der Geburt Jesu unbekannt ist, be- Die Geburt der Helena aus dem Ei Abb. S.25 ginnt die noch heute gültige gregorianische Zeitrechnung mit 450 v.u.Z., Kalkstein, H: 5,80cm diesem Ereignis. Weihnachten erinnert alle Jahre wieder an diesen Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici – Potenza, Italien (318638) Geburtstag. Zwei der vier Evangelien überliefern die Geburt und Jupiter als kleines Kind Jugend Jesu, wobei das Lukas-Evangelium aus dem ersten Jahr- Schule von Giulio Romano (1499–1546) hundert unserer Zeitrechnung die meisten Details enthält. um 1535 (Reproduktion) National Gallery London (15305) Sonnenwende und Göttergeburten Die Geburt der Venus Sol Invictus in der Strahlenkrone Abb. S. 25 Sandro Botticelli (1445–1510) Stockstadt, 3.Jh., Sandstein Florenz, um 1482 (Reproduktion) 76 x 35 x 20cm akg-images, Berlin/Galleria degli Uffizi, Florenz Saalburg-Museum Stockstadt a.M. (ST 78) (2-M120-V1-1482) 2 Ursprünge Weihnachten Die Geburt der Athena Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz Griechische Vasenmalerei (Ms. Theol. Lat. 2°1) 525 v.u.Z. (Reproduktion) Altarrelief mit Geburtsszene akg-images, Berlin/Musée du Louvre ca.1520, Lindenholz, 94 x 66 x 4,50cm (2-M120-M2-16) Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Skulpturensammlung Die Geburt Amors und Museum für Byzantinische Kunst (M 79) Eustache Le Sueur (1616–1655) Andachtskasten Abb. S.47 1646 (Reproduktion) Österreich, 18.Jh. akg-images, Berlin/Musée du Louvre Pergament, Textil, Holz, Glas, 40,50 x 37 x 10cm (2-M120-A5-1646-50) Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Museum Europäischer Kulturen Die Geburt des Dionysos (N (31 Q)1/1994, 7709) Griechische Vasenmalerei Kirchhofener Krippe 410 v.u.Z. (Reproduktion) Süddeutschland, 1810 Museo Archeologico Nazionale Tarent Ton, Wachs, Holz, Textil, 41 Figuren, H: bis ca. 20cm Die Geburt des Erichthonios Augustinermuseum Freiburg im Breisgau (11157) 460 v.u.Z. (Reproduktion) Ostheimer Spielkrippe Antikensammlung und Glyptothek München Zell bei Stuttgart, 2005 (2413 Phot. Mus.) Ahornholz, Figuren bis zu ca. 17cm Die Geburt der Helena Margarete Ostheimer GmbH, Zell u.A. ca.360 v.u.Z. (Reproduktion) Antikensammlung – Kunsthalle zu Kiel (B. 501) Jesus als Jude Die Beschneidung Abb. S.47 Die Weihnachtsgeschichte Antwerpen, ca.1530 Steiermärkische Handschrift Eichenholz, 35,50 x 39,50 x 11cm Österreich, 1464 Musée National du Moyen-Age – Thermes et hôtel de Cluny, 32 x 48 x 4cm Paris (CL 268) Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz Antiphonarium Monasticum (Ms. germ. fol.567 [a-c]) Engelberg, Schweiz, 1943 Evangelist Lukas 24 x 37,50 x 3,50cm Fulda, ca.970 (Reproduktion) Johannes Rinke, Berlin Ursprünge Weihnachten 3 2.2 Ursprünge Chanukka Das Chanukka-Fest ist mit einer historischen Begebenheit eng Tetradrachme, Silber, D: 3,10cm verknüpft – es erinnert an den Aufstand gegen das Verbot der Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Münzkabinett (13/7/7. BM 125) Ausübung der jüdischen Religion durch die hellenistischen Syrer Antiochos IV. Epiphanes – Zeus auf dem Thron Abb. S. 9 im zweiten Jahrhundert v.u.Z. Der Sieg der Makkabäer und die Münzstätte Antiochia, ca.169/8–164 v.u.Z. Wiedereinweihung des jüdischen Heiligtums sind der freudige Tetradrachme, Silber, D: 3,50cm Ursprung des jüdischen Lichterfestes. Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Münzkabinett (13/7/62. BM 126) Alexander Ianneus – Lilie und seleukidischer Anker Kulturelle Herrschaft 103–76 v.u.Z., Prutah, Bronze, D: 1,50–1,80cm Fragment des thronenden Zeus Abb. S.9 Hebräische Inschrift: „Der König Jehonatan“. Pergamon, 2.Jh. v.u.Z. Griechische Inschrift: „[Münze] des Königs Alexander“ Marmor, 46 x 29 x 22cm Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Münzkabinett (13/127/67) Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Antikensammlung (AvP VII 185) Mattathias Antigonus – Der Tempelleuchter Trinkschale – Speerwerfer und der Schaubrottisch Vulci, 440–430 v.u.Z. Palästina, 37 v.u.Z. Ton, 17x 30cm Prutah, Bronze, D: ca.1cm Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Antikensammlung (F 2728) The Israel Museum, Jerusalem (14232; 3650) Hellenistische Öllampen Palästina, 3.–2.Jh. v.u.Z. Die Bedeutung der Menora Ton, 2–3 x 7–10cm Siebenarmiger Leuchter – Menora The Israel Museum, Jerusalem – The Louis and Carmen Mitteleuropa, spätes 19. Jahrhundert Warschaw Collection, Schenkung von Alliance Hadera Messing, 42,50 x 37,50 cm (76.6.923; 76.6.918; 70.130.652) The Israel Museum, Jerusalem (117/20 B 05 0770) Hasmonäische Öllampen Triumphzug der Römer mit dem erbeuteten Siebenarmigen Palästina, 1.Jh. v.u.Z. Leuchter (Menora) aus dem Jerusalemer Tempel Ton, 2–3 x 7–10cm Relief des Titusbogens auf dem Forum Romanum, Rom (Detail) The Israel Museum – The Louis and Carmen Warschaw Collec- (Reproduktion) tion, Schenkung von Jonathan Rosen, N.Y., an die amerikani- bpk, Bildarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz schen Freunde des Israel Museums (87.56.493; 76.6.909; 76.6.908) Hammelburger Machsor – Entzünden der Tempel-Menora Abb. S.73 Geprägte Politik Geschrieben von Ja’akov ben Schneur, 1347/1348 Porträt Antiochos IV. Epiphanes Abb. S.9 Pergament, 32 x 25 x 10,50cm Münzstätte Ace-Ptolemais, ca.170–168 v.u.Z. Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt (Cod. Or 13) 4 Ursprünge Chanukka Die Überlieferung des Ölwunders 24,50 x 17 x 5cm Jüdisches Museum Berlin (VII.1.Sefar 155) Chanukka-Lampe – Der Zweite Tempel China, 2004 Codex hebraicus 37; „Martyriumsszenen“ Abb. S.59 Kunststoff, bemalt, Kupfer, Messing und Filz Schreiber: Isaak ben Simcha Gansmann (u.a.) 7,50 x 27,50 x 10cm vermutlich Mainz, nach 1428 Jüdisches Museum Berlin (2004/187/0) Tusche auf Pergament, Blei- und Silberstift (Reproduktion) Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Chanukka-Lampe – Die Makkabäer bei der Reinigung des (Codex hebr. 37, fol. 79) Tempels Abb. S.20 Bezalel Werkstätten, Jerusalem, ca.1906–1929 Die Septuaginta: Das erste Buch der Makkabäer Abb. S.57 Messing, versilbert, 25 x 25 x 5,50cm Venedig: Aldus Manutius, 1518, 34 x 48 x 7cm Hebräische Inschrift: „Und sie reinigten den Hof und alles was Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz darinnen war“. (Ald. Ren. 84,4) Zeev Holtzman Collection, Tel Aviv (H 060) Die Marter der Makkabäer, der Gekreuzigte und die schmerz- Chanukka-Lampe hafte Mutter mit den sieben Schwertern Abb. S.59 Bezalel Werkstätten, Jerusalem, 1906–1929 Köln, Ende 15.Jh. Messing, geprägt, 27,3 x 24 x 5,60cm Textil, Farbe, Holz, 15,50 x 15,50cm Hebräische Inschrift: „Das Licht von Chanukka zu entzünden“ Kolumba – Diözesanmuseum Köln (M 26) The Israel Museum, Jerusalem (118/243; 1008-3-55) Judas, der Makkabäer, besiegt die Feinde und reinigt Chanukka-Leuchter den Tempel Emil Freund Metall- und Silberwaren-Fabrik Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld (1794–1872) Hanau a. M., ca.1922 1860, Tusche auf Papier, 21 x 26cm Silber, gegossen, 60 x 47 x 27cm Kunsthandel Dr. Martin Moeller-Pisani, Hamburg Jüdisches Museum Berlin (KGM 81/165/0) Audiostation: Georg Friedrich Händel – „See, the conqu’ring hero comes!“ Aus
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