Identity of Aralia Hastardiana Decaisne1

Identity of Aralia hastardiana Decaisne1

D. G. FRODIN2

ABSTRACT: Aralia bastardiana Decne., since its written description in 1864 [as Panax bastardianus (Decne.) Decne.] thought to be from Tahiti but never re collected there, is considered almost certainly to have been collected in the Marquesas. It is identical to Cheirodendron marquesense F. Brown, the name by which the Marquesanpimata, the only species ofthe genus outside the Hawaiian Islands, is usually known. A new combination, Cheirodendron bastardianum, is therefore made. Spirally arranged leaves, seemingly exceptional in Cheiroden dron but depicted on the main shoot in Decaisne's illustration ofAralia bastardi ana, also occur in juvenile plants and on reversion shoots ofHawaiian species, at least in C. trigynum subsp. helleri and C. platyphyllum subsp. kauaiense. A list of localities and specimens seen of C. bastardianum is given.

A WORLDWIDE STUDY of Scheff/era (Aralia Cheirodendron OUTSIDE THE HAWAIIAN ceae), which I have had in progress since ISLANDS the late 1960s, has amongst other problems involved a reconsideration of the limits of Aralia bastardiana (Panax bastardianus): the genus (Frodin 1975), related genera, and Its Identity re-identification ofmuch wrongly named ma terial. I have also taken the opportunity to The taxonomy of Pacific Araliaceae has examine other, less closely related taxa of been noteworthy for a goodly number of Harms' tribe Scheffiereae (properly named seemingly imperfectly known species. Many Plerandreae Benth., prior by 27 years) with of these were based on juvenile plants, which palmately or digitately compound leaves, in in the region often differ markedly in foliage cluding the Pacific Basin genera Pseudopanax from adults and whose distinctive features, and Cheirodendron. including variegated stems and foliage, won Pseudopanax was last reviewed by Phil them great popularity in the second half of ipson (1965), but revisions of Cheirodendron the nineteenth century (Hadfield 1969: 314 (Sherff 1954, Herat 1981, Lowry 1986) have 342). Attempts have been made to identify concentrated on the Hawaiian species with, them (Viguier and Guillaumin 1912, Lowry usually, only passing reference to the single et al. 1989). known extra-Hawaiian member, C. marque Some ofthe enigmas, however, remain. The sense F. Brown. In this paper I shall examine most outstanding is surely Aralia bastardi Cheirodendron outside the Hawaiian Islands, ana, to which (as Panax bastardianus Decne.) giving special attention to the enigmatic, al Philipson (1965) drew attention. He did not, legedly Tahitian Aralia bastardiana Decaisne, though, go beyond giving 1846 [correctly and introduce some observations on phyllo 1864, when the description, to which Phil taxis in Cheirodendron that I believe can aid ipson actually refers, was published] as its in interpretation of this plant as well as the date of publication and saying "[it] appears genus as a whole. . .. to belong to Pseudopanax, but I have been unable to locate any specimen of it." Decaisne's description of Panax bastardi 1 Manuscript accepted September 1989. 2Department of Botany, The Academy of Natural anus (Decaisne 1864) appeared, however, at Sciences, 19th and The Parkway, Philadelphia, Pennsyl least nine years after its illustration (pI. 18; vania 19103. reproduced here as Figure 1) in the botanical 265 266 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 44, July 1990

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FIGURE 1. Aralia bastardiana Decne. IIlustration from Voyage de La Venus, Botanique: Atlas. Identity of Aralia bastardiana Decaisne-FRoDIN 267 atlas of the voyage of La Venus (Decaisne Even in the present century Aralia bastardi 1846 [1855]). The plate, bearing the name ana did not turn up in the Society Islands, Aralia bastardiana, includes analyses of the despite much collecting activity since 1920. fruit along with a fertile spray. Under current F. Raymond Fosberg (in litt., 10 March 1976) and recent editions of the Botanical Code (cf. noted that it had not been seen in Tahiti by Greuter et al. 1988) it is validly published and such botanists as M. L. Grant, H. St. John, the name thus has priority over Panax bastar L. H. McDaniels or himself; and in his florula dianum (sic) as used in the 1864 protologue Setchell (1926) makes no reference to it either. and by Drake del Castillo (1890, 1893). Prior Papy (1951-1954: 317-318) listed it merely as ity may indeed date to 1846, but this in fact is part of a biogeographic review of the flora. based on a not wholly substantiated belief Because trees of at least some species of that the plate appeared in that year; the more Cheirodendron, including C. marquesense F. usually accepted date has been 1855 (Sher H. Brown, are fairly conspicuous by virtue of born and Woodward 1901, Stafleu and their aspen- or poplarlike leaflets (Figure 2), Cowan 1976). In any case, it is clear from the I conclude that it is not, and was never in plate alone that Aralia bastardiana ( = Panax recorded history, present in Tahiti. Where, bastardianus) is a species of Cheirodendron then, is it from? a genus not otherwise reported from Tahiti. Cheirodendron in the M arquesas The Whereabouts ofAralia bastardiana In 1935 Forrest Brown, as part of his flora In his 1864 protologue, Decaisne acknowl of southeastern Polynesia, described as new edged no collections but claimed the species Cheirodendron marquesense from the Mar to be from the mountains of Tahiti, with the quesas Islands, in the northern part of pres local name of "pimata." Only late in the ent-day French Polynesia (Brown 1935: 207). nineteenth century did Drake del Castillo He, as some (cf. Gillett 1972) have since, (1890: 181; 1893) formally credit this species considered it allied to C. platyphyllum (as Panax bastardianum) with two collections, (Hook. & Arn.) Seem., the lapalapa ofO'ahu one as "Lepine" and the other as "du Petit and Kaua'i in the Hawaiian Islands. Gillett Thouars 62." Like Decaisne, Drake consid also claimed that its presence in the Mar ered this species as Tahitian. Both these col quesas was the result of a dispersal event or lections had to have been made before 1850; events from Hawaii. The collections on which Abel Aubert du Petit-Thouars first visited it is based were made in the early 1920s during southeastern Polynesia, including both the the first major American biological surveys in Marquesas and Tahiti, in 1838 during his the Marquesas (Sachet 1975). Further collec 1836-1839 world voyage as commander ofLa tions were made later in the 1920s and again Venus (Aubert du Petit-Thouars 1840-1843) after 1970, as indicated in the list ofexsiccatae and again in 1842 as head ofa 13-ship annexa given below. It occurs as a small tree or shrub tion squadron (Danielsson 1957), and Jules scattered at altitudes of some 700 to 1200 m Upine was in Tahiti in 1847. The species was on the six larger, higher islands. All plant named after Le Batard, who visited the islands parts exude a strong odor when broken. Fran in 1844. No other collections from Tahiti cis Halle (1978: 343) briefly mentioned its role were, however, recorded during the remainder as a constituent ofMarquesan montane forest of the nineteenth century, nor have I found vegetation, and Gillett (1972) gave its main any references in the literature apart from associates. those of Drake. Not even Nadeaud (1873), who otherwise accounted fully for the known The Collections ofAralia bastardiana Tahitian araliads, including observations from sites as high as 1000 m where Cheirodendron The work of Forrest Brown (and his wife, might resonably be expected, mentions Aralia Elizabeth) on the Marquesan flora was based bastardiana. almost entirely on resources available at the 268 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 44, July 1990

FIGURE 2. Cheirodendron platyphyllum (Hook. & Arnott) Seem, subsp. kauaiense (Krajina) Lowry; near Pihea, Kaua'i. Identity of Aralia bastardiana Decaisne-FRoDIN 269

Bernice P. Bishop Museum in Honolulu element of "No. 62" served as the basis for (Sachet 1975: 2-3) and coincided with a pe Decaisne's plate, and I hereby designate it the riod of virtually total neglect of the region by lectotype. French botanists (Papy 1951-1954). A re The collection attributed to Lepine was in newal of French interest in Polynesian floris Drake del Castillo's private herbarium at the tics, however, developed during the 1960s, time he prepared and published his regional and in connection with this Nicholas Halle floras. This large herbarium was acquired undertook a general reorganization of the by the Museum National d'Histoire Natu Oceanic herbaria in the Laboratoire de Pha reUe only in 1913 (Stafleu 1967: 113). Drake's nerogamie at the Museum National d'Histoire herbarium in turn incorporated several earlier Naturelle in Paris. This enabled me in 1973 to private herbaria, including that of the Caen locate therein the original materials used by botanist Sebastien-Rene Lenormand, who Decaisne and Drake. had an interest in the Pacific flora and ac The two collections proved to be labeled as tively corresponded with collectors in New follows: Caledonia, French Polynesia, and elsewhere. (a) "(Tahiti-Lepine)?" This sheet had Among these was surely Jules Lepine, who as been in Drake del Castillo's herbarium. already noted visited Tahiti in 1847. He did not, however, visit the Marquesas and, if the (b) "62 pii mata" (in heavy ink); and, on specimen was really his, he must therefore a separate slip in a different hand, "No. have acquired it from someone else. 62. pii-mata. Arbriseaux tres odorant croissant sur les hautes montagnes." I have also seen one further nineteenth There is no locality orcollector given, but century specimen of Cheirodendron attrib uted to Tahiti. Never documented in the lit of the several sheets still extant the fruit erature, this collection is by N. J. Anders ing one clearly presents itself as the basis for the published atlas plate. The sheet son, a member of the Swedish exploring ex pedition on board the frigate Eugenie (cf. was identified by Decaisne as Aralia Skogman 1854-1855, 1856), and dates from bastardiana. 1852 (in herb. S). The localities are, however, If the first of these is attributable to Lepine, reputedly not trustworthy (Steenis-Kruseman then the second must be that attributed by 1950: 16). Although the expedition did visit Drake to du Petit-Thouars. As already noted, Tahiti, this was after a nonstop voyage from Aubert du Petit-Thouars actually was in the Honolulu in Hawaii. As the specimen repre Marquesas twice, in 1838 and 1842, and thus sents C. platyphyllum, I supect its origin was could have gathered the latter collection. This misconstrued. would more likely have been in 1842, for on his first visit, in La Venus, he made land The Identity ofAralia bastardiana and contact for only five days (on Tahuata) and Cheirodendron marquesense: The Evidence there is no evidence that any interior explora tion was made. Le Biitard, after whom the A morphological comparsion of available species was named, visited the archipelago in material of Aralia bastardiana, particularly 1844, including Nuku Hiva, where Cheir "Du Petit-Thouars 62," and of collections of odendron marquesense was found in 1922 on Cheirodendron marquesense shows no sub the Whitney expedition, and did indeed col stantive differences, certainly not in leaflet lect (cf. Sachet 1975: 6). I am still unsure, characters or in the fruit. The venation de however, who really obtained the specimen. I picted in the plate of Aralia bastardiana and have not undertaken a survey ofhandwritings in the available specimens of Brown's species across a representative range ofcontemporary match, as do inflorescene and fruit characters. southeastern Polynesian collections, and very Further evidence for the identity of Aralia few, if any, guidelines were ever published by bastardiana and Cheirodendron marquesense the late Marie-Helene Sachet. In any case, is supplied not only by their respective re there is no doubt in my mind that the fruiting corded habitats and smells but also by their 270 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 44, July 1990 vernacular names: "pii-mata" on the original in Figure 3 is strikingly like that shown in the collection, "pimata" in Drake (1893: 80), and plate of Aralia bastardiana. Transition to the "pimata" in Brown (1935: 207), who added adult state takes place relatively quickly, as that this name is used "throughout the Mar shown in Figure 4. quesas" by the local people to whom the No information is, however, available re plant is well known. garding such a change in the Marquesan Other differences between Decaisne's and species, or whether it occurs at all. As in the Brown's taxa are not apparent, and I there plants observed near Pihea, the leaves in fore consider Aralia bastardiana and Cheir flowering shoots in available herbarium ma odendron marquesense synonymous. The ne terial of C. marquesense (along with the type cessary new combination is presented below. of Aralia bastardiana, Anonymous 62) are One seeming anomaly, however, remains: the opposite. The latter specimen, and apparently spiral phyllotaxis in the main axis of Aralia also PES 43 from Hiva Oa cited below, may bastardiana. I deal with this below. have been made from compact bushy plants that flowered for the first time precociously, causing the transition to be preserved and, for Aralia bastardiana, figured. More study in the PHYLLOTAXIS IN Cheirodendron Marquesas is needed. In any case, from the In seeming contrast to other Cheirodendron evidence presented I conclude that Cheiro species as presently documented, including C. dendron species in the juvenile state exhibit marquesense, the main axis of the lectotype the spiral (helical) phyllotaxis common to of Aralia bastardiana has spiral phyllotaxis. other Araliaceae, but rather early in their life Only the short fertile axillary shoots exhibit history, or in the continuing growth of early decussately opposite leaves. In contrast, de axes or reversion shoots, the leaves become scriptions ofCheirodendron species, and those opposite. On lateral and succeeding shoots at generic level (e.g., Harms 1894-1897, Hut they are always so, save in trunk and branch chinson 1967), refer exclusively to opposite suckers. This transition appears not previous leaves. ly to have been described; neither Rock (1913) Cheirodendron in the Marquesas has been nor Herat (1981) mentions it. little studied in the field, save for indications by collectors as well as observations (Warren L. Wagner, pers. comm.) that the leaves in more mature plants may have three to five leaflets. On a visit in May 1988 to Kaua'i, SYSTEMATIC TREATMENT Hawaii, the main center of diversity in the Cheirodendron bastardianum (Decaisne) Fro genus, I was, fortunately, able to make some din, comb. nov. observations that cast some light on the problem of phyllotaxy. In both C. trigynum Aralia bastardiana Decaisne, 1846 (1855). Voy. (Gaud.) A. Heller ssp. helleri (Sherff) Lowry Venus, Bot.: Atlas, pI. 18. Type: Anon and C. platyphyllum (Hook. & Arnott) Seem. ymous 62 (attributed by Drake del Castillo spp. kauaiense (Krajina) Lowry [taxonomy to Aubert du Petit-Thouars), without place follows Lowry (1986)]-trees of frequent oc or date (P; the fruiting sheet is the lectotype, currence along the ridge beyond Pu'u 0 Kila here designated). Cheek (1989) has argued towards Pihea at around 1250 m-the main that, in a departure from past practice, the stems had, in early stages of growth, spirally 1988 Code provides for acceptance as holo arranged leaves. The spiral, or helical, ar types of plates unaccompanied by text in rangement is present during thejuvenile phase the absence of a definitive designation of a (Figures 3, 4) and, in C. platyphyllum at least, specimen by the author of a name, even reversion shoots (Figure 5). Indeed, the spa where the link between plate and speci tial disposition ofaxis and lateral shoots in the men cannot be established. Ifthis argument meter-high sapling of C. trigynum illustrated is followed, then the published plate of Identity of Aralia bastardiana Decaisne-FRoDIN 271

FIGURE 3. Cheirodendron trigynum (Gaud.) A. Heller ssp. helleri (Sherf!) Lowry; juvenile plant, by Pu'u 0 Kila, Kaua'i. 272 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 44, July 1990

FIGURE 4. Cheirodendron platyphy//um (Hook. & Arnott) Seem. subsp. kauaiense (Krajina) Lowry; juvenile plant, near Pihea, Kaua'i. Identity of Aralia bastardiana Decaisne-FRODIN 273

FIGURE 5. Cheirodendron platyphyllum (Hook. & Amott) Seem. subsp. kauaiense (Krajina) Lowry; reversion shoots, tree on Pihea, Kaua'i. 274 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 44, July 1990

Aralia bastardiana becomes the holotype; Ua Huka: without precise locality or in designation of a specimen as lectotype is dication ofaltitude, 9 November 1922, Quayle superfluous. 1786 (BISH). Panax bastardianus (Decaisne) Decaisne, 1864. Nuku Hiva: without precise locality, about Voy. Venus, Bot. 5(2): 24 ("bastardianum"). 900 m, 20 September 1922, Quayle 1200 Based on Aralia bastardiana Decaisne. (BISH; cited by Brown 1935 as Quayle 1334); Cheirodendron marquesense F. Brown, 1935. Hakaui side, 3500-3750 ft., 1922, Quayle Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 130: 207. Type: 1260 (BISH); without precise locality, 20 F. Brown 878, Hivaoa, 1921 (BISH, lecto September 1922, Quayle 1281 (BISH); Tovii type here designated; one of two syntypes [To'ovi'i] Valley, 900 m, 3 July 1970, Gillett cited by Brown [1935]). 2151 (BISH; stated as being similar to Cheir odendron platyphyllum ofHawaii); spur ofMt. ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED: I thank Ooumu, Tovii [To'ovi'i] Plateau, above 795 m, Warren L. Wagner, Smithsonian Institution, July 1977, B. Gagne 1044 (BISH); same lo for communicating information about the cality, above 900 m, July 1977, B. Gagne records from Tahuata. I have seen all others 1068 (BISH); eastern part of To'ovi'i Valley, listed here. Herbarium acronyms are as defined 1000 m., 16 July 1988, Wagner 6091 (W. L. in Index Herbariorum (Holmgren et al. 1981). Wagner, pers. comm.). Fatu Hiva: Omoa, about 950 m, 11 January Island not indicated: "arbriseaux tres odor 1922, F. Brown 892 (BISH; cited by Brown ant croissant sur les hautes montagnes," 1935); base ofMt. Natahu, on leeward side of without date [1840s], Anonymous ("du Petit ridge, 797 m, 3 August 1977, S.L. Mont Thouars") 62 (P); "Tahiti," without date, gomery in B. Gagne 1270 (BISH); Punapai ?Lepine s.n. (P). Tekou Summit, ± 1000-1 100m, 25 July 1988, DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT: Fatu Hiva, Hiva Montgomery in Wagner 6194 (W. L.'Wagner, Oa, Tahuata, Ua Pou, Ua Huka, and Nuku pers. comm.). Tahuata: region du sommet [Mt. Pahio, c. Hiva in the Marquesas Islands. On high slopes, ridges and plateaus at altitudes of 950 m], 17 March 1973, F. Halle 2180 (US); 700-1200 m or perhaps more. Reportedly au dessus de Hamatea, sur la crete centrale occasional to very frequent or in groves in de U'ua'o, 850 m, 31 May 1975, f.-C. Thi bault 85 (MO). wet scrub; a constituent of the "foret mon Hiva Oa: Feani, about 1000 m, 25 De tagnarde" (Halle 1978). cember 1921, F. Brown 878 (BISH; cited by Brown 1935); Mt. Ootua, 2775 ft., 1922, Quayle 1334 (BISH); above Atuona, 700 m, ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1929, fr., PES 43 (BISH); north side of Mt. Temetiu, about 1100 m, 23 March 1929, PES I thank Drs. P. van Royen and S. H. 137 (BISH); Mt. Ootua, 920 m, 10 May 1929, Sohmer for providing facilities for the exami Adamson &Mumford PES 385 (BISH); ibid., nation of Cheirodendron and other Aralia about 920 m, 9 October 1930, fr., Le Bronnec ceae during visits to the Bernice P. Bishop PES 385[bis] (BISH); Mt. Feani, trail from Museum in Honolulu, as well as the Depart Atuona to Hanamenu, 1200 m, 11 February ment ofBotany, Smithsonian Institution, and 1975, fl., Oliver &Schaefer 3115 (US); mon the Laboratoire de Phanerogamie, Museum tagnes NW du Temetiu, crete au SE du cam National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, for ac pement, N de la haute vallee de Hanamenu, cess to relevant material. Dr. David Lorence 22 October 1975, Schaefer 5903 (US); Mt. of the Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden in Ootua, summit, 900 m, 29 July 1977, B. Kaua'i, as my host there in May 1988, orga Gagne 1212 (BISH). nized my trip to Koke'e and Pihea. Drs. F. R. Ua Pou: without precise locality, 1000 m, Fosberg and W. L. Wagner kindly provided 9 September 1922, Quayle 1147 (BISH; cited additional information. Completion of the by Brown 1935). study was made possible with the facilities Identity of Aralia bastardiana Decaisne-FRoDlN 275 and the aid ofstaffofthe Academy ofNatural code of botanical nomenclature; adopted Sciences of Philadelphia, particularly Dr. B. by the Fourteenth International Botanical C. Stone of the Department of Botany and Congress, Berlin, August 1987. Koeltz, Ko Ms. Carol Spawn in the Library. The illustra nigstein [Taunus], W. Germany. (Regnum tion of the plate of Aralia bastardiana was Vegetabile 118.) made available through Ms. Spawn, and Ms. HADFIELD, M. 1969. A history of British Jan Schmitz arranged for making the rest of gardening. Rev. ed. John Murray, London. the illustrations from my color slides. I also (1st ed., 1960, as Gardening in Britain.) thank the two reviewers for constructive criti HALLE, F. 1978. Arbres et forets des iles cism and suggestions for changes. Marquises. Cah. Pac. 21: 315-357. HARMS, H. 1894-1897. Araliaceae. In A. Eng ler and K. Prantl, eds. Die natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien, III, 8: 1-62. Engelmann, LITERATURE CITED Leipzig. HERAT, R. M. 1981. A systematic study ofthe AUBERT DU PETIT-THOUARS, A. 1840-1843. genus Cheirodendron (Araliaceae). Ph.D. Relation. In A. Aubert du Petit-Thouars et diss. University of Hawaii, Honolulu. al., Voyage autour du monde sur la fregate HOLMGREN, P. K., W. KEUKEN, and E. K. La Venus pendant les annees 1836-1839, SCHOFIELD. 1981. Index herbariorum. Part Vols. 1-4. Gide, Paris. I: The herbaria ofthe world. Bohn, Schelte BROWN, F. B. H. 1935. Flora of southeastern ma&Holkema, Utrecht. (Regnum Vegeta Polynesia, III. Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. bile 106.) 130. HUTCHINSON, J. 1967. The genera offlowering CHEEK, M. 1989. On typifying names vali plants (Angiospermae), 2. Oxford Univer dated by plates unaccompanied by text. sity Press, London. Taxon 38: 636-638. LOWRY, P. P., II. 1986 (1987). A synopsis of DANIELSSON, B. 1957. Forgotten islands of native Hawaiian Araliaceae. Pac. Sci. 40: the South Seas. F. H. Lyon, transl. Allen & 79-87. Unwin, London. LOWRY, P. P., II, J. S. MILLER, and D. G. DECAISNE, J. 1846 (1855). Botanique: Atlas. FRODIN. 1989. New combinations and name In A. Aubert du Petit-Thouars et al., Voy changes for some cultivated tropical Old age autour du monde sur la fregate La World and Pacific Araliaceae. Baileya 23: Venus pendant les annees 1836-1839, [hors 5-13. shiel Gide, Paris. NADEAUD, J. 1873. Enumeration des plantes ---. 1864. Botanique. In A. Aubert du indigenes de l'ile de Tahiti. Savy, Paris. Petit-Thouars et al., Voyage autour du PAPY, H. R. 1951-1954. Tahiti et les iles monde sur la fregate La Venus pendant les voisines. La vegetation des iles de la annees 1836-1839, Vol. 5(2). Paris. Societe et de Makatea (Oceanie fran!;aise). DRAKE DEL CASTILLO, E. 1890. Illustrationes Trav. Lab. For. Toulouse, tome V/11 florae insularum maris Pacifici. Masson, (L'Oceanie), 1(3). Paris. PHILIPSON, W. R. 1965. The New Zealand ---. 1893. Flore de la Polynesie fran!;aise. genera of the Araliaceae. N.Z. J. Bot. 3(4): Masson, Paris. 333-341. FRODIN, D. G. 1975. Studies in Scheff/era ROCK, J. F. 1913. The indigenous trees of the (Araliaceae): The Cephaloschefflera com Hawaiian Islands. [Privately] published un plex. J. Arnold Arbor. Harv. Univ. 56: der patronage, Honolulu. 427-448. SACHET, M.-H. 1975. Flora ofthe Marquesas, GILLETT, G. W. 1972. Genetic affinities be I: Ericaceae-Convolvulaceae. Smithson. tween Hawaiian and Marquesan Bidens Contrib. Bot. 23. (Asteraceae). Taxon 21:479-483. SETCHELL, W. A. 1926. Tahitian spermato GREUTER, W., ET AL., eds. 1988. International phytes collected by W. A. Setchell, C. B. 276 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 44, July 1990

Setchell, and H. E. Parks. Univ, Calif. Ber land/International Association for Plant keley Publ. Bot. 12(6): 143-240, pI. 23-36. Taxonomy, Utrecht. (Regnum Vegetable SHERBORN, C. D., and B. B. WOODWARD. 52.) 1901. Dates ofpublication ofthe zoological STAFLEU, F. A., and R. S. COWAN. 1976. Tax and botanical portions of some French onomic literature. 2d ed. Vol. 1, A-G. voyages, II. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. VII, Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema, Utrecht. 8: 491-494. (Regnum Vegetabile 102.) SHERFF, E. E. 1954. Revision of the genus STEENIS-KRUSEMAN, M. J. VAN. 1950. Malay Cheirodendron Nutt. ex. Seem. for the Ha sian plant collectors and collections; being waiian Islands. Fieldiana, Bot. 29(1): 1-45. a cyclopedia of botanical exploration in SKOGMAN, C. 1854-1855. Fregatten Eugenies Malaysia. In C. G. G. J. van Steenis, ed. resaomkringjordenaren 1851-1853, under Flora Malesiana, I, Vol. 1. Noordhoff beHil af C. A. Virgin. Marcus for Bonner, Kolff, Djakarta. (Reprinted 1985 with Sup Stockholm. plements I and II, Koeltz, Koningstein ---. 1856. Erdumsegelung der Konigl. [Taunus], West Germany. Schwedischen Fregatte Eugenies in den VIGUIER, R., and A. GUILLAUMIN. 1912. Les Jahren 1851 bis 1853 ... A. von Etzel, formes de jeunesse des Araliacees de transI. Otto Jahnke, Berlin. Nouvelle-Caledonie. Not. Syst. (Paris) 2: STAFLEU, F. A. 1967. Taxonomic literature. 255-262. Inter-Documentation Co., Zug, Switzer-