BRUSH-FOOTED BUTTERFLIES OR FOUR-FOOTED BUTTERFLIES NYMPHALIDAE (RAFINESQUE, 1815) Classification Kingdom
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E-News Winter 2019/2020
Winter e-newsletter December 2019 Photos Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year! INSIDE THIS ISSUE: Contributions to our newsletters Dates for your Diary & Winter Workparties....2 Borage - Painted Lady foodplant…11-12 are always welcome. Scottish Entomological Gathering 2020 .......3-4 Lunar Yellow Underwing…………….13 Please use the contact details Obituary - David Barbour…………..………….5 Chequered Skipper Survey 2020…..14 below to get in touch! The Bog Squad…………………………………6 If you do not wish to receive our Helping Hands for Butterflies………………….7 newsletter in the future, simply Munching Caterpillars in Scotland………..…..8 reply to this message with the Books for Sale………………………...………..9 word ’unsubscribe’ in the title - thank you. RIC Project Officer - Job Vacancy……………9 Coul Links Update……………………………..10 VC Moth Recorder required for Caithness….10 Contact Details: Butterfly Conservation Scotland t: 01786 447753 Balallan House e: [email protected] Allan Park w: www.butterfly-conservation.org/scotland Stirling FK8 2QG Dates for your Diary Scottish Recorders’ Gathering - Saturday, 14th March 2020 For everyone interested in recording butterflies and moths, our Scottish Recorders’ Gathering will be held at the Battleby Conference Centre, by Perth on Saturday, 14th March 2020. It is an opportunity to meet up with others, hear all the latest butterfly and moth news and gear up for the season to come! All welcome - more details will follow in the New Year! Highland Branch AGM - Saturday, 18th April 2020 Our Highlands & Island Branch will be holding their AGM on Saturday, 18th April in a new venue, Green Drive Hall, 36 Green Drive, Inverness, IV2 4EU. More details will follow on the website in due course. -
Rainfall, Resources, and Dispersal in Southern Populations of Euphydryas Edit Ha (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST 60(4), 1984, pp. 350-354 Rainfall, Resources, and Dispersal in Southern Populations of Euphydryas edit ha (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) RO-4-122 Dennis D. Murphy and Raymond R. White Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305. While the dispersal capacity of an insect species probably changes little from one generation to another, its actual dispersal or vagility may vary considerably. This is well documented for insects which have migratory generations, such as locusts, aphids, and butterflies, but remains virtually undocumented in non-mi- gratory species. One exception is the butterfly, Euphydryas editha. Individuals of this species were originally shown to be extremely sedentary (Ehrlich, 1965), but in some populations the mean dispersal distance of individuals was recently observed to change dramatically from one generation to the next. These changes in vagility appeared to be influenced by the availability of oviposition plants and adult nectar resources; significantly greater vagility occurred in drier years when those resources were sparse (White and Levin, 1981). However, subsequent field observations of four E. editha populations in South¬ ern California indicate that the determinants of vagility are more complicated. In 1977 these populations exploded in size and mass dispersal was observed. Here we discuss how weather and butterfly population size interact to determine host plant availability and butterfly population dynamics. Additionally, we consider the biogeographic and genetic consequences of dramatic population fluctuations in E. editha, and the mechanisms by which both the butterflies and their host plants respond to environmental stress. Life History Euphydryas editha populations in San Diego County usually fly in a four to eight week period, starting as early as mid-January and ending as late as the end of April, depending on the timing of winter rainfall. -
Washington Butterfly Association Common Butterflies of the Puget Sound Region and Their Food Plants
Washington Butterfly Association [email protected] Pine White ( Neophasia menapia ) w ww.naba.org/chapters/nabaws / Identification : White with black forewing patch, black veins below. Flight Period : late June – early October, peak in August. Common Butterflies of the Puget Sound Region Favorite Nectar Plants : Goldenrod, and Their Food Plants - By David Droppers Pearly Everlasting, Asters, Thistles. Larval Host Plants : Ponderosa Pine, Western Tiger Swallowtail ( Papilio Lodgepole Pine, Douglas-Fir, among other conifers. rutulus ). Identification : Large. Yellow with black tiger stripes. Cabbage White ( Pieris rapae) Underside with some blue. Flight Identification : White, black wing tips and Period : mid April – late September, spots. Males have one spot, females two peak in June. Favorite Nectar Plants : spots. Flight Period : early March – early Mock Orange, Milkweeds, Thistles, November, peaks in May, July and large showy flowers. Larval Host September. Favorite Nectar Plants: Plants : Native Willows, Quaking Many, especially garden flowers, such as Oregano and Lavender. Aspen and other poplars, Red Alder Larval Host Plants : Garden Brassicae, especially broccoli and cabbage. Anise Swallowtail ( Papilio zelicaon) Identification : Large. Mostly black, Cedar Hairstreak ( Mitoura grynea ) centrally yellow, with row of blue dots Identification : Small. Varying brown above, below buff brown on hindwing. Flight Period : late with violet tint, variable white postmedian line, small tails on March – late September, peaks in May, hindwings. Flight Period : late March – early August, peaks in July-August. Favorite Nectar Plants : May-June. Favorite Nectar Plants : Goldenrods, Yarrow, Many flowers, mostly large and showy. Dandelion, Clovers, Red Flowering Currant. Larval Host Plants : Garden Parsley Larval Host Plants : Western Red Cedar, Incense Cedar and Dill, Angelica, Cow Parsnip, many others. -
Big Creek Lepidoptera Checklist
Big Creek Lepidoptera Checklist Prepared by J.A. Powell, Essig Museum of Entomology, UC Berkeley. For a description of the Big Creek Lepidoptera Survey, see Powell, J.A. Big Creek Reserve Lepidoptera Survey: Recovery of Populations after the 1985 Rat Creek Fire. In Views of a Coastal Wilderness: 20 Years of Research at Big Creek Reserve. (copies available at the reserve). family genus species subspecies author Acrolepiidae Acrolepiopsis californica Gaedicke Adelidae Adela flammeusella Chambers Adelidae Adela punctiferella Walsingham Adelidae Adela septentrionella Walsingham Adelidae Adela trigrapha Zeller Alucitidae Alucita hexadactyla Linnaeus Arctiidae Apantesis ornata (Packard) Arctiidae Apantesis proxima (Guerin-Meneville) Arctiidae Arachnis picta Packard Arctiidae Cisthene deserta (Felder) Arctiidae Cisthene faustinula (Boisduval) Arctiidae Cisthene liberomacula (Dyar) Arctiidae Gnophaela latipennis (Boisduval) Arctiidae Hemihyalea edwardsii (Packard) Arctiidae Lophocampa maculata Harris Arctiidae Lycomorpha grotei (Packard) Arctiidae Spilosoma vagans (Boisduval) Arctiidae Spilosoma vestalis Packard Argyresthiidae Argyresthia cupressella Walsingham Argyresthiidae Argyresthia franciscella Busck Argyresthiidae Argyresthia sp. (gray) Blastobasidae ?genus Blastobasidae Blastobasis ?glandulella (Riley) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.1) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.2) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.3) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.4) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.5) Blastobasidae Holcocera (sp.6) Blastobasidae Holcocera gigantella (Chambers) Blastobasidae -
Superior National Forest
Admirals & Relatives Subfamily Limenitidinae Skippers Family Hesperiidae £ Viceroy Limenitis archippus Spread-wing Skippers Subfamily Pyrginae £ Silver-spotted Skipper Epargyreus clarus £ Dreamy Duskywing Erynnis icelus £ Juvenal’s Duskywing Erynnis juvenalis £ Northern Cloudywing Thorybes pylades Butterflies of the £ White Admiral Limenitis arthemis arthemis Superior Satyrs Subfamily Satyrinae National Forest £ Common Wood-nymph Cercyonis pegala £ Common Ringlet Coenonympha tullia £ Northern Pearly-eye Enodia anthedon Skipperlings Subfamily Heteropterinae £ Arctic Skipper Carterocephalus palaemon £ Mancinus Alpine Erebia disa mancinus R9SS £ Red-disked Alpine Erebia discoidalis R9SS £ Little Wood-satyr Megisto cymela Grass-Skippers Subfamily Hesperiinae £ Pepper & Salt Skipper Amblyscirtes hegon £ Macoun’s Arctic Oeneis macounii £ Common Roadside-Skipper Amblyscirtes vialis £ Jutta Arctic Oeneis jutta (R9SS) £ Least Skipper Ancyloxypha numitor Northern Crescent £ Eyed Brown Satyrodes eurydice £ Dun Skipper Euphyes vestris Phyciodes selenis £ Common Branded Skipper Hesperia comma £ Indian Skipper Hesperia sassacus Monarchs Subfamily Danainae £ Hobomok Skipper Poanes hobomok £ Monarch Danaus plexippus £ Long Dash Polites mystic £ Peck’s Skipper Polites peckius £ Tawny-edged Skipper Polites themistocles £ European Skipper Thymelicus lineola LINKS: http://www.naba.org/ The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/ in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national -
SOME NOTES on BOLORIA in CENTRAL COLORADO (NYMPHALIDJE) by F. MARTIN BROWN Six Species of Boloria Are Found in Colorado, And
64 Val.S: nos.3-4 SOME NOTES ON BOLORIA IN CENTRAL COLORADO (NYMPHALIDJE) by F. MARTIN BROWN Six species of Boloria are found in Colorado, and there is the possibility that three others fly in the state but as yet have not been discovered. To avoid nomenclatorial confusion while awaiting KLOTS' promised revision of the genus I use here the names for species accepted by McDUNNOUGH in his J 938 Checklist. Boloria myrina ( = selene) tollandensis Barnes & Benjamin My experience with this insect is limited to three areas and all-too-brief collecting. The butterfly is on the wing early in July and by the last week of the month is in rather shabby condition. It seems to prefer open grassy meadows much like those in which its eastern counterpart flies. Altitudinally it seems to be narrowly restricted to a few hundred feet, either way, from 9000 feet. I know of colonies in the Front Range north of the South Fork of the Platte River, the Park Range, the Collegiate Range, and the Rabbit ears Range. DISTRIBUTION OF COLORADO WILLOW-BOG BOLOR/A. Boloria apbirape alticola Barnes & McDunnough This is one of three species closely associated with willow bogs in Colorado. There is good reason to believe that it flies in all of the mountain ranges of the state, although I have nor seen specimens from the Sange do Cristos. It first appears during the last week of June in bogs around 9600 feet, and the last specimens to be taken are found at about 12,000 feet late in August. -
Taylor's Checkerspot (Euphydryas Editha Taylori) Oviposition Habitat Selection and Larval Hostplant Use in Washington State
TAYLOR'S CHECKERSPOT (EUPHYDRYAS EDITHA TAYLORI) OVIPOSITION HABITAT SELECTION AND LARVAL HOSTPLANT USE IN WASHINGTON STATE By Daniel Nelson Grosboll A Thesis Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Environmental Studies The Evergreen State College June 2011 © 2011 by Daniel Nelson Grosboll. All rights reserved. This Thesis for the Master of Environmental Study Degree by Daniel Nelson Grosboll has been approved for The Evergreen State College by ________________________ Judy Cushing, Ph.D. Member of the Faculty ______________ Date Abstract Taylor's checkerspot (Euphydryas editha taylori) oviposition habitat selection and larval hostplant use in Washington State Taylor’s checkerspot (Euphydryas editha taylori (W.H. Edwards 1888)), a Federal Endangered Species Act candidate species, is found in remnant colonies between extreme southwestern British Columbia and the southern Willamette Valley in Oregon. This butterfly and its habitat have declined precipitously largely due to anthropogenic impacts. However, this butterfly appears to benefit from some land management activities and some populations are dependent on an exotic hostplant. Oviposition sites determine what resources are available for larvae after they hatch. Larval survival and growth on three reported hostplants (Castilleja hispida, Plantago lanceolata, and P. major) were measured in captivity to determine the suitability of hostplant species and to develop captive rearing methods. Larvae successfully developed on C. hispida and P. lanceolata. Parameters of oviposition sites were measured within occupied habitat at four sites in Western Washington. Sampling occurred at two spatial scales with either complete site censuses or stratified systematic sampling on larger sites. Within the sampled or censused areas, oviposition sites were randomly selected for paired oviposition/adjacent non-oviposition microhabitat measurements. -
Butterflies from the Middle Eocene: the Earliest Occurrence of Fossil Papilionoidea (Lepidoptera)
THE PEARCE- SELLARDS Sctks NUMBER 29 BUTTERFLIES FROM THE MIDDLE EOCENE: THE EARLIEST OCCURRENCE OF FOSSIL PAPILIONOIDEA (LEPIDOPTERA) Christopher J. Durden and Hugh Rose 1978 Texas Memorial Museum/2400 Trinity/Austin, Texas 78705 W. W. Newcomb, Director The Pearce-Sellards Series is an occasional, miscellaneous series of brief reports of museum and museum associated field investigations and other research. Its title seeks to commemorate the first two directors of the Texas Memorial Museum, now both deceased: J. E. Pearce and Dr. E. H. Sellards, professors of anthropology and geology respectively, of The University of Texas. A complete list of Pearce-Sellards papers, as well as other publica- tions of the museum, will be sent upon request. BUTTERFLIES FROM THE MIDDLE EOCENE: THE EARLIEST OCCURRENCE OF FOSSIL PAPILIONOIDEA (LEPIDOPTERA) 1 Christopher J. Durden 2 and Hugh Rose 3 ABSTRACT Three fossil butterflies recently collected from the Green River Shale of Colorado extend the known range of Rhopalocera eight to ten million years back, to 48 Ma. Praepapilio Colorado n. g., n. sp., and P. gracilis n. sp. are primitive Papilionidae related to the modern Baronia brevicornis Salvin, but they require a new subfamily, Praepapilioninae. Riodinella nympha n. g., n. sp. is a primitive member of the Lycaenidae, related to modern Ancyluris, Riodina, and Rhetus, in the tribe Riodinidi. INTRODUCTION With approximately 194,000 living species, the Lepidoptera is, after the Coleoptera with some 350,000, species, the second most diverse order of organisms. It is underrepresented in the fossil record (Scudder 1875, 1891, 1892; Handlirsch 1925;Mackay 1970;Kuhne 1973; Shields 1976). -
Nymphalidae: Melitaeini) and Their Parasitoids
72© Entomologica Fennica. 22 October 2001 Wahlberg et al. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 12 Natural history of some Siberian melitaeine butterfly species (Nymphalidae: Melitaeini) and their parasitoids Niklas Wahlberg, Jaakko Kullberg & Ilkka Hanski Wahlberg, N., Kullberg, J. & Hanski, I. 2001: Natural history of some Siberian melitaeine butterfly species (Nymphalidae: Melitaeini) and their parasitoids. — Entomol. Fennica 12: 72–77. We report observations on the larval gregarious behaviour, host plant use and parasitoids of six species of melitaeine butterfly in the Russian Republic of Buryatia. We observed post-diapause larvae in two habitats, steppe and taiga forest region. Five species were found in the steppe region: Euphydryas aurinia davidi, Melitaea cinxia, M. latonigena, M. didymoides and M. phoebe. Three species (M. cinxia, M. latonigena and M. didymoides) fed on the same host plant, Veronica incana (Plantaginaceae). Euphydryas aurinia larvae were found on Scabiosa comosa (Dipsacaceae) and M. phoebe larvae on Stemmacantha uniflora (Asteraceae). Three species were found in the taiga region (M. cinxia, M. latonigena and M. centralasiae), of which the first two fed on Veronica incana. Five species of hymenopteran parasitoids and three species of dipteran parasitoids were reared from the butterfly larvae of five species. Niklas Wahlberg, Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; E-mail: [email protected] Ilkka Hanski, Metapopulation Research Group, Department of Ecology and Systematics, Division of Population Biology, P.O. Box 17, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; E-mail: ilkka.hanski@helsinki.fi Jaakko Kullberg, Finnish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 17, FIN- 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; E-mail: jaakko.kullberg@helsinki.fi Received 2 February 2001, accepted 18 April 2001 1. -
Euphydryas 1
Identification Guide: Small Fritillaries - Euphydryas 1 Distinguishing Euphydryas by size A comparison of approximate average sizes* Identifying fritillaries* in Europe is difficult due to there being over 40 superficially similar species. As a starting point they are usually roughly divided by size into: 23-40mm ‘large’ fritillaries [Argynnis, Fabriciana, Speyeria], ‘medium-sized’ fritillaries 17-26mm [Brenthis, Issoria], and ‘small’ fritillaries [Boloria, Euphydryas, Melitaea]. Two 14-24mm separate guides in this series cover the Large/Medium Sized and Boloria. A future guide will cover the other small fritillaries, i.e. Melitaea. Euphydryas are noticeably smaller than Argynnis, Fabriciana and Speyeria (see diagram opposite) making confusion with these species very unlikely. MEDIUM SMALL However, the medium sized species, which are intermediates, can be comparable LARGE [Brenthis, Issoria] [Boloria, Euphydryas, in size to Euphydryas with Brenthis ino and Brenthis hecate being most similar. [Argynnis, Fabriciana, * This is an arbitrary grouping, see note on page 4. Melitaea] Speyeria] * if this page is displayed or printed at A4 size Distinguishing the six species of Euphydryas from Boloria, Brenthis, Issoria, and Melitaea Melitaea Euphydryas Uppersides Euphydryas uppersides are usually Boloria, Brenthis, Issoria bright and multicoloured whilst most* Melitaea males and females tend to be duller and uniformly coloured. Euphydryas males and Melitaea athalia females usually have colourful Some Euphydryas have a row uppersides resembling a grid or of small black dots in a distinct orange band net-like pattern, which readily Euphydryas maturna Euphydryas aurinia here on the upperside hind-wing. differentiates them from Boloria, Most* Melitaea do not have this feature. Brenthis and Issoria whichcell have Euphydryas Undersides * See below for species that may confuse. -
Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Biblidinae) and Patterns of Morphological Similarity Among Species from Eight Tribes of Nymphalidae
Revista Brasileira de Entomologia http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262013005000006 External morphology of the adult of Dynamine postverta (Cramer) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Biblidinae) and patterns of morphological similarity among species from eight tribes of Nymphalidae Luis Anderson Ribeiro Leite1,2, Mirna Martins Casagrande1,3 & Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke1,4 1Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19020, 81531–980 Curitiba-PR, Brasil. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT. External morphology of the adult of Dynamine postverta (Cramer) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Biblidinae) and patterns of morphological similarity among species from eight tribes of Nymphalidae. The external structure of the integument of Dynamine postverta postverta (Cramer, 1779) is based on detailed morphological drawings and scanning electron microscopy. The data are compared with other species belonging to eight tribes of Nymphalidae, to assist future studies on the taxonomy and systematics of Neotropical Biblidinae. KEYWORDS. Abdomen; head; Insecta; morphology; Papilionoidea; thorax. Nymphalidae is a large cosmopolitan family of butter- served in dorsal view (Figs. 1–4). Two subspecies are recog- flies, with about 7,200 described species (Freitas & Brown nized according to Lamas (2004), Dynamine postverta Jr. 2004) and is perhaps the most well documented biologi- postverta (Cramer, 1779) distributed in South America and cally (Harvey 1991; Freitas & Brown Jr. 2004; Wahlberg et Dynamine postverta mexicana d’Almeida, 1952 with a dis- al. 2005). The systematic relationships are still somewhat tribution restricted to Central America. Several species sur- unclear with respect to its subfamilies, tribes and genera, and veys and other studies cite this species as Dynamine mylitta even after more than a century of studies on these groups, (DeVries 1987; Mielke 1994; Miller et al.1999; Freitas & these relationships still seem to confuse many who set out to Brown, Jr. -
A Time-Calibrated Phylogeny of the Butterfly Tribe Melitaeini
UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title A time-calibrated phylogeny of the butterfly tribe Melitaeini. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1h20r22z Journal Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 79(1) ISSN 1055-7903 Authors Long, Elizabeth C Thomson, Robert C Shapiro, Arthur M Publication Date 2014-10-01 DOI 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.010 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014) 69–81 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A time-calibrated phylogeny of the butterfly tribe Melitaeini ⇑ Elizabeth C. Long a, , Robert C. Thomson b, Arthur M. Shapiro a a Center for Population Biology and Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA b Department of Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA article info abstract Article history: The butterfly tribe Melitaeini [Nymphalidae] contains numerous species that have been the subjects of a Received 10 March 2014 wide range of biological studies. Despite numerous taxonomic revisions, many of the evolutionary Revised 22 May 2014 relationships within the tribe remain unresolved. Utilizing mitochondrial and nuclear gene regions, we Accepted 11 June 2014 produced a time-calibrated phylogenetic hypothesis for 222 exemplars comprising at least 178 different Available online 18 June 2014 species and 21 of the 22 described genera, making this the most complete phylogeny of the tribe to date. Our results suggest that four well-supported clades corresponding to the subtribes Euphydryina, Keywords: Chlosynina, Melitaeina, and Phyciodina exist within the tribe.