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Economic Value of the Al-Shouf Forest Reserve, Lebanon English Pdf

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Economic Value of the Al-Shouf Forest Reserve, Lebanon English Pdf 1 The natural environment provides the foundations of our society and our economy. It not only makes life possible on Earth but it makes it worth living. TABLE OF CONTENTS This is the first ecosystem services evaluation conducted in Lebanon, under the leadership of the Al-Shouf Cedar Reserve. The study should be interpreted as a foundation for future studies. It is hoped Table of Contents 3 that it will inspire similar assessments and evaluations of Lebanon’s ecosystem services. Those studies can in turn guide I. EXECUTIVE Summary 5 and influence policy making that will favor the long-term conservation of the country’s 9 ملخص تنفيـــذي .unique habitats and ecosystems. II III. About the Shouf Biosphere Reserve 11 IV. Ecosystem Services in the Shouf Biosphere Reserve 15 4.1 Carbon sequestration and biomass production 19 4.2 Water Services 23 4.3 Food Services 31 4.4 Tourism 35 4.5 Cultural Services 39 Project title: Enhancing Sustainable Livelihood and Promoting Community Management V. Monetization of Ecosystem Services 41 of Shouf Biosphere Reserve VI. Conclusions and Recommendations for Future Research 43 Prepared by: Ecodit – Karim El-Jisr, Osama Abou Rayan, Capricia Chabarekh Coordinator: Nizar Hani VII. References 44 Reviewed by: Faisal Abu-Izzeddin Administration: Samer Zebian, Kamal Abou Assi TORs prepared by: Aniol Esteban – IUCN Photos by: Project team Design & layout: Funded By Compiled by In cooperation with ECOSYSTEM The Economic Value of the Shouf Biosphere Reserve: FINAL Report | Page 2 3 I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The natural environment provides the • Food provision, foundations of our society and our economy. • Tourism, and It not only makes life possible on Earth but • Cultural services and patrimonial it makes it worth living. Unfortunately, our value. economic system fails to recognize most of the services that nature provides to humans, Some of these (e.g., food, water, as well as the intrinsic value it already has recreation, briquettes) have economic “per se”. This lack of awareness about how activity linked to them which can help nature contributes to our collective and us value the corresponding ecosystem individual wellbeing is one of the reasons why service. The study compiled local data we are failing to protect the natural systems to estimate the value of the economic we depend on. Revealing the economic activity associated with those services. Gross value of these systems is a helpful exercise revenues and employment – not monetized which can help raise awareness; engage - are used to value the ecosystem services EXECUTIVE the public; and encourage policy action to related to food, water and fuel provision ensure these systems are protected. as well as leisure activity. The value of SUMMARY Carbon sequestration services provided by The overarching goal of this study was to the Reserve is estimated using a previous describe, in preliminary terms, the economic estimate about C sequestration potential value of the Shouf Biosphere Reserve (SBR) and one of the proxies for the price of - the largest Reserve in Lebanon. The study Carbon. was conducted in 2014 in close coordination with the SBR team. The study was structured Cultural services could not be described according to three phases: in monetary terms and were therefore only described qualitatively. For example, what 1. Identification of key ecosystem is the patrimonial value of the Lebanese services, cedar? Also, the contribution of the SBR to 2. Data collection, and enhancing Lebanon’s image is priceless but 3. Describing most relevant services in could not be valued for the same reasons. monetary terms. Based on the above analysis and Like most nature valuation studies, rather limitations, the results show that the than attempting to value all ecosystem economic benefits generated by Shouf services flowing from the reserve, we focused Biosphere Reserve every year are in the on the most significant ones. Following range of 16.7 to 21.3 million US dollars. Most several visits to the SBR and meetings with of these benefits derive from water services the staff of the reserve, it was agreed that including grid water quality and bottled the study would focus on describing the water. The value of Carbon sequestration value of the following services: services and production of biomass (i.e., briquette) is also significant. Tourism injects • Carbon sequestration, annually an additional $700,000 in the region • Fuel provision (briquettes production), and supports local employment equivalent • Water provision, to circa 100 jobs. Whereas some of the The Economic Value of the Shouf Biosphere Reserve: FINAL Report | Page 4 5 previous ecosystem services are intangible, Most of the economic benefits described the economic value of tourism activities in above can be attributed to the presence of the SBR is tangible, and growing. the SBR, either in whole or in part. For example, the Reserve plays a key role in securing the Total Value supply of waterto a local population of at The estimated value of SBR services is least 116,000 and maintaining water quality summarized below. in the region; as such, one can argue that those benefits would not be at the same What you can describe level if the SBR was not there. Tourism related in monetary terms Ecosystem service Value ($/year) expenditure can also be attributed to the presence of the SBR because if it was absent, What you can spontaneous and unregulated tourism would capture in rents Carbon eventually deplete or degrade the natural resource. Likewise, Carbon sequestration C sequestration $860,000 and the potential for biomass production Seed collection for are only possible thanks to the sustainable $50,000 nurseries management guaranteed by the presence of the Reserve and its management team. Biomass provision $200,000- $1,000,000 However it is important to emphasize Source: New Economics Foundation adapted from TEEB1 Water provision that the study did not look into detail at attribution issues and did not attempt to answer a difficult question:how much of Grid water (Barouk and $8,437,500 - $11,250,000 Safa) this value would still be there if the reserve Grid water (eastern did not exist? This is an area that requires $785,250 - $1,047,000 district) further research and discussion because the process of determining attribution is not easy Water bottling industry $2,640,000 - $3,360,000 or straight-forward and is often based on Ecological benefits of personal judgment.Although the attribution $600,000 Ammiq wetland element is not fully analysed, it is worth Hydropower $1,300,000 mentioning that many goods and services provided by SBR have not been valued in this study (see figure). Food provision It is not possible to describe the entire Rangelands for animal value of the SBR in monetary terms. This $600,000 production study only describes part of the middle box Rural products (SBR (what you can capture in rents) and part of $130,000 label) the dark blue box (what you can describe Incremental honey $450,000 in monetary terms), but it does not even production go into the light blue box. Therefore, when interpreting the results presented in this Tourism study, it is important to remember that they only reflect one fraction of the total value of Tourism entrance fees $186,000 services provided by the SBR. Guesthouse $79,000 accommodation Despite these limitations, the economic Conventional value of the SBR (about $19 million on $247,500 restaurants average) vastly exceeds the operational Tawlet Ammiq (Eco- budget of the SBR team (about $1 million $200,000 restaurant) including investment and maintenance), by a factor of 20 to 1. Stated simply, every $1 Cultural services Priceless invested in the SBR returns $20 of benefits to the region and the people. Total $16,765,250 - $21,359,500 Nature is priceless and by extension the SBR is priceless too. 1 The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) The Economic Value of the Shouf Biosphere Reserve: FINAL Report | Page 6 7 )يمثل ما يمكننا احتسابه من اﻻيجارات( والحلقة الوسطى جدول يلخص القيمة اﻻقتصادية لخدمات المحمية: الزرقاء الداكنة )تمثل ما يمكننا وصفه من الناحية النقدية( خدمات النظم اﻻيكولوجية القيمة اﻻقتصادية)$\سنة( وهي لم تتطرق إلى الجزء المتعلّ ق بالمربع اﻷزرق. الكاربون اﻻحتباس $860,000 Total Value جمع البذور $50,000 توفير الكتل الحيوية )الوقود $200,000- $1,000,000 الصناعي( What you can describe in monetary terms احتياطي المياه II. ملخـــص تنفيـــذي What you can شبكة المياه ) الباروك و الصفا( capture in rents $8,437,500 - $11,250,000 شبكة المياه ) المنطقة الشرقية( $1,047,000 - $785,250 توفر بيئتنا أسس مجتمعنا واقتصادنا. ليس فقط في اﻹيكولوجية. الدراسة جمعت البيانات المحلية لتقدير صناعة تعبئة المياه $3,360,000 - $2,640,000 جعل الحياة ممكنة على اﻻرض ﻻ بل في جعلها جديرة بان قيمة النشاط اﻻقتصادي المرتبط بتلك الخدمات. الفوائد البيئية اﻻيكولوجية $600,000 تعاش.ولكن لﻻسف، لقد فشل نظامنا اﻻقتصادي في لمستنقع عميق ادراك معظم الخدمات التي يمكن ان توفرها الطبيعة إجمالي اﻹيرادات والتوظيف-الغيرمحسوبة ًنقديا- الطاقة الكهرومائية 1,300,000$ لذلك، عند تفسير النتائج المعروضة في هذه الدراسة، للناس وكذلك ادراك قيمتها الجوهرية. هذا النقص في استخدمت لتقييم خدمات النظم اﻹيكولوجية المتعلقة ﻻ بد من أن نتذكر أنها تعكس فقط جزء واحد من القيمة توفير المواد الغذائية الوعي حول كيفية مساهمة الطبيعة في حفظ سﻻمتنا بالمنتجات المحلية والمياه وتوفير الكتلة الحيوية وكذلك اﻹجمالية للخدمات التي تقدمها المحمية. وعلى الرغم من الجماعية والفرديةهو من احد اسباب فشلنا في حماية النشاط الترفيهي. قيمة خدمة احتباس الكربون في المراعي لﻹنتاج الحيواني 600,000$ هذه القيود، فان القيمة اﻻقتصادية للمحمية )متوسط النظم الطبيعية التي نعتمد عليها. الكشف عن القيمة المحمية تحتسب باستخدام التقديرات السابقة حول المنتجات الريفية 130,000$ 19 مليون دوﻻر اميركي( تتجاوز بكثير الميزانية السنوية للمحمية )حوالي 1 مليون دوﻻر تشمل اﻻستثمارات اﻻقتصادية لهذه النظم هونشاط مفيد لرفع مستوى إمكانات احتباس الكربون .
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