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Iola Quadrangle, Kansas

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Iola Quadrangle, Kansas DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES D. WALCOTT, DIRECTOR ECONOMIC GEOLOGY IOLA QUADRANGLE, KANSAS BY GEORGE I. ADAMS, ERASMUS HAWORTH, AND W. R. CRANE WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1904 *.., ERRATA. [Bull. U. S. Gteol. Survey No. 238.] The work of Mr. F. C. Schrader in the adjacent Independence and Parsons quadrangles during- the season of 1904 shows that certain mis- correlations were made in the survey of the lola quadrangle. The necessary corrections have been made on the maps (Pis. I and II), and the data for correcting- the text and Pis. Ill and IV are given below: PL III,-for Drum read Dennis. for Cherryvale read Galesburg. for Dennis read Mound Valley. for Galesburg read Laclore. PL IV, for Drum read Dennis. for Dennis read Mound Valley. Page 3, line 20, for Galesburg read Ladore. line 21, for Dennis read Mound Valley, line 22, for Cherryvale read Galesburg. line 23, for Drum read Dennis. Page 18, paragraph 1, line 10, for Galesburg read Ladore. line 11, for Dennis read Mound Valley. for Cherryvale read Galesburg. for Drum read Dennis. paragraph 4, line 1, for Galesburg read Ladore. paragraph 5, line 1, for Dennis read Mound Valley, paragraph 6, line 1, for Cherryvale read Galesburg. Page 19, paragraph 1, line 1,/or Drum read Dennis, line 7, for Drum read Dennis, paragraph 2, line 3, for Drum read Dennis. line 4, for Dennis read Mound Valley, line 5, for Galesburg read Ladore. for Cherryvale read Galesburg. paragraph 3, line 2, for Drum read Dennis. Page 21,-paragraph 5, line 5, 'for Galesburg read Ladore. .for Dennis read Mound Valley. for Cherryvale read Galesburg. for Drum read Dennis. Page 22, line 17, for Drum read Dennis. line 18, for Cherryvale read Galesburg. line 19, for Dennis read Mound Valley, line 20, for Galesburg read Laclore. Page 75, paragraph 2, line 3, for Shaw read Dennis. Page 79, line 14 from bottom, for Dennis read Mound Valley. for Drum read Dennis. CONTENTS. PllgO. Letter of transmittal...................................................... 9 Introduction, by George I. Adams ........................................ 11 Location of area described .......--........ ...............-----...---. 11 £» General statement".............. .* .................................... 12 Geology of the lola quadrangle, by George I. Adams ....................... 14 Surface features ...................................................... 14 Description of formations..................:...............-.......... .15 Mississippian series.........\..................................... 15 Boone formation ............................................. .15 Pennsylvania!! series ......................-.-..------..---....-.. 16 Cherokee shale .............................................. 16 Fort Scott limestone.......................................... 16 Labette shale ................................................ 17 Pawnee limestone............................................ 17 Bandera shale ............................................... 17 Parsons limestone............................................. !17 Dudley shale................................................. 17 Bronson formation ........................................... .17 Hertha limestone ............................................ 18 .: Galesburg shale.............................................. 18 Dennis limestone............................................. 18 Cherry vale shale.............................................. 18 Drum limestone...........................,-................... .1.9 Chanute shale ............................................... 19 lola limestone ............................................... 19 Concrete shale ....................:......:................... 20 .Alien limestone .............................................. 20 fc Vilas shale .................................................. 20 * ' Piqua limestone.............................................. 20 Alluvium........................................................ 21 Correlation and correction of faunal lists............................... 2.1 General structure..................................................... 23 Origin of oil and gas.............................................. 24 Relations of the oil- and gas-bearing sandstones .................... 25 Mineral resources and their utilization, by Erasmus Havvorth and George I. Adams, with sections by W. B. Crane ............................... 30 Oil and gas .......................................................... 30 Historical........................................................ 30 lola and Laharpe.............................................. 30 Humboldt................................................... 31 Chanute..................................................... 32 Erie......................................................... 34 [ Moran....................................................... 34 f Bronson, Elsrnore, Savonburg, and Stark ...................... 34 3 4 CONTENTS. Mineral resources and their utilization, etc. Continued. Page. Oil and gas Continued. Production ...................................................... 34 Oil.......................................................... 34 Gas ....;.................................................. 37 Gas-producing territory....................................... 38 Utilization of gas in zinc smelting ................................. 40 Development of the industry.................................. 40 Method of smelting .......................................... 42 Production of spelter in 1902 .................................. 43 Phenomena of gas wells, by George I. Adams ...................... 43 Static or closed pressure ...................................... 45 Dynamic or open-flow pressure.................'................ 47 Pressure and flow in pipes ............... ..................... 50 * Minute pressure, or measurement of volume by number of con­ densations ..._...,.......... ..,.........---.. ............... 51 Observations and measurements of gas wells in the lola quadrangle, by W. R. Crane............................................ -53 Measurements of static, or closed, pressure............ J........ 53 Measurements of the volume of gas wells...................... 55 Measurements of flow of gas in pipes........................... 59 Observations on methods of developing and utilizing oil and gas, by W. R. Crane............................................... 60 Methods of drilling............................................ 60 Cost and rate of drilling ...................................... 60 Systems of oil pumping........................................ 61 Distribution and control of gas supply ......................... 61 Portland cement .............:......................................... 63 Types of silicate cements....................................r...... 63 Puzzolan cement............................................. 63 Natural cement ............................................... 63 Portland cement ............................................. 64 Chemical composition of Portland cement.......................... 64 Physical properties........................................... 66 Kaw materials used in the manufacture of Portland cement......... 66 Siliceous and pure limestones.................................. 66 Marl and clay ................................................ 66 Chalky limestone and clay .................................... 66 Caustic-soda waste and clay................................... 67 Slag and limestone............................................ 67 Pure (hard) limestone and clay or shale. .................i..... 67 Cement materials in the lola quadrangle........................... 67 X Cement plants and processes of manufacture ....................... 67 lola Portland-cement plant.................................... 68 Kansas Portland-cement plant ................................ 69 Brick making........................................................ 69 Characteristics and properties of clays.............................. 69 Definition and composition of clays................................ 69 Classification of clays as to origin.................................. 69 Classification of clays as to uses........ ............................ 70 Clays in the lola quadrangle .......................................... 70 Condition of the brick industry ................................... 71 Brick plants atChanute....................................... 71 Brick plants at Humboldt..................................... 72 CONTENTS. 5 Mineral resources and their utilization, etc. Continued. Page. Brick making Continued. Clays in the lola quadrangle Continued. Brick plants at Tola........................... ................ 73 Brick plants at Laharpe....................................... 74 Coal, lead, and zinc.. .................................................. 74 Coal............................................................. 74 Lead and zinc.................................................... 75 Water supply .................................:..........-.-......... 75 Streams.......................................................... 75 Springs .... ^.....................................i................ 77 Wells............................................................ 77 Soils................................................................ 78 Origin of soils........................................ J........... 78 Classification of soils.............................................
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