Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

Working Paper

Stakeholder Mapping

For Adaptation in Deltas

Contributing Authors: Asish Ghosh; Clare Lizamit Samling; Cynthia Addoquaye Tagoe; Winfred Nelson; Adelina Mensah; Mashfiqus Salehin; Md. Shahjahan Mondal; Chris Spray

Reviewers: Katharine Vincent, Kulima; Craig Hutton, University of Southampton

Editors: Andrew Allan, University of Dundee; Nina Hissen, University of Dundee. WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

Citation: Allan, A., Hissen, N.F., Ghosh, A., Samling, C.L., Tagoe, C. A., Nelson, W., Mensah, A., Salehin, M., Mondal, Md. S., Spray, C. 2015. WP1 – Stakeholder Mapping Consolidated Fast Track. DECCMA Working Paper, Deltas, Vulnerability and Climate Change: Migration and Adaptation, IDRC Project Number 107642. Available online at: www.deccma.com, date accessed

About DECCMA Working Papers

This series is based on the work of the Deltas, Vulnerability and Climate Change: Migration and Adaptation (DECCMA) project, funded by Canada’s International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the UK’s Department for International Development (DFID) through the Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA). CARIAA aims to build the resilience of vulnerable populations and their livelihoods in three climate change hot spots in Africa and Asia. The program supports collaborative research to inform adaptation policy and practice.

Titles in this series are intended to share initial findings and lessons from research studies commissioned by the program. Papers are intended to foster exchange and dialogue within science and policy circles concerned with climate change adaptation in vulnerability hotspots. As an interim output of the DECCMA project, they have not undergone an external review process. Opinions stated are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the policies or opinions of IDRC, DFID, or partners. Feedback is welcomed as a means to strengthen these works: some may later be revised for peer-reviewed publication.

Contact Andrew Allan Tel: +44 1382 388894 Email: [email protected]

Nina Hissen Tel: +44 1382 388894 Email: [email protected]

Creative Commons License This Working Paper is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Articles appearing in this publication may be freely quoted and reproduced provided that i) the source is acknowledged, ii) the material is not used for commercial purposes, and iii) any adaptations of the material are distributed under the same license. 2 WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

Table of Content

1. INTRODUCTION ...... 5

1.1. Methodological Approach to Stakeholder Mapping ...... 5

1.2. Conceptualization of Stakeholder Engagement ...... 7

1.3. Outline of the report ...... 7

2. THE BANGLADESH DELTA ...... 9

2.1. Introduction ...... 9

2.2. Stakeholder Mapping ...... 9

3. INDIAN BENGAL DELTA ...... 13

3.1. Stakeholder mapping ...... 14

4. MAHANADI DELTA (India) ...... 17

4.1. Physical profile ...... 17

4.2. Stakeholder mapping ...... 17

5. THE VOLTA DELTA (Ghana) ...... 20

5.1. Introduction ...... 20

5.2. Stakeholder Mapping ...... 20

6. CONCLUSIONS ...... 25

6.1. Reflections and next steps ...... 27

7. APPENDICES ...... 29

7.1. Appendix A: Stakeholders in the Bangladesh Delta ...... 29

3 WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

7.2. Appendix B: Stakeholder table from the Indian Bengal Delta ...... 34

7.3. Appendix C: Communication strategy for the Indian Bengal Delta ...... 37

7.4. Appendix D: Identified stakeholders in the Mahanadi Delta ...... 42

7.5. Appendix E: Communication strategy for the Mahanadi Delta ...... 45

7.6. Appendix F - Profiles of Districts in the Volta Delta ...... 48

7.7. Appendix G: Deccma Ghana Stakeholders Influence-Interest Matrix In Receiving And Sending ...... 54

7.8. Appendix H: Stakeholder Engagement Strategy for the Volta Delta ...... 74

8. References ...... 88

4 Introduction WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

1. INTRODUCTION

The DECCMA project aims to develop the understanding and tools needed for sustainable adaptation in deltas. In this context, work package 1 (WP1) primarily aims at devising proper engagement procedures for understanding the capacity of the governance system to support migration and gender-sensitive sustainable adaptation in deltaic environments under changing climate; as well as ensuring that each delta region affords sufficient emphasis on governance and stakeholder engagement. This report focuses on the preparation of stakeholder maps for the four case areas (WT1.1.1).

This report outlines stakeholder engagement activities between 1st October, 2014 – 31st August 2015 undertaken by Work Package 1 (WP1) for each of the four case studies (the Bangladesh Delta, the Indian Bengal Delta, the Mahanadi Delta, and the Volta Delta). The report identifies primary and secondary stakeholders, who are relevant to DECCMA or related issue areas. Primary stakeholders are directly affected by DECCMA (high interest/ high influence) whereas secondary stakeholders are only indirectly affected (high interest/ low influence; low interest/ high influence). Stakeholder maps are produced for each of the four case studies, which show the relative influence and interest of each stakeholder. WP1’s methodological approach is based on the idea of Dynamic Stakeholder Mapping (DSM), a concept that is further set out in the Stakeholder Engagement Plan (Allan and Adams 2015), which includes multiple validation rounds and revisions of the map, mirroring DECCMA’s project stages and progress.

1.1. Methodological Approach to Stakeholder Mapping

As stated above, WP1 uses a DSM approach. This approach includes multiple rounds of stakeholder mapping, which incorporates stakeholder analysis approaches (Reed at al. 2009, ODA 1995) with theories on multiple learning loops (Hargrove 2002, Pahl-Wostl 2009). There are four rounds of stakeholder engagement planned during the 5 year research DECCMA is undertaking, each round of stakeholder engagement lasting approximately one year. As an outcome of the first round of stakeholder engagement, an initial map of stakeholders was prepared, which identifies relevant stakeholders for the project according to the following criteria:

Introduction WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

 Sending and receiving areas  Governance level (e.g. national, local etc.)  Degree to which they could potentially influence project agenda  Degree of interest in the project  Policy uptake/ post-project follow-up

Key questions for the mapping exercise were:

 Who is/ should be interested in the research topic of the project and its research outcomes?  Who stands to lose or gain significantly from the project?  Whose actions could potentially affect the project’s success?

Mapping was conducted according to the following method:

Figure 1: Methodological approach for stakeholder mapping

Each stakeholder was assigned a score for each axis, from 0-5. At this early stage in the project, scoring was done based on existing understanding of the complex adaptation processes in each case study by country partners. This will be refined during future stakeholder engagement events using questionnaires to improve the assessment of stakeholders’ influence and interest in regards to DECCMA.

6 Introduction WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

DECCMA aims to successfully engage with stakeholders so that stakeholders with low/medium interest but with higher influence levels will increase their interest in the project and thus hopefully use their influence to bring about positive changes. In addition, interested stakeholders with low influence will be sensitized and their capacity built for better engagement with decision-makers and enhance their own capacity to contribution to the reduction of vulnerability in the delta zone.

1.2. Conceptualization of Stakeholder Engagement

Stakeholders may be persons or groups who are directly or indirectly affected by the project, as well as those who may have an interest in the project and/or the ability to influence its outcome, either positively or negatively. Primary stakeholders are defined by having high influence and high interest in the project, whereas secondary stakeholders have either high interest/ low influence of low interest/ high influence. Stakeholders may include locally affected communities or individuals and their formal and informal representatives, national or local government authorities, politicians, religious leaders, civil society organisations and groups with special interests, the academic community, or other businesses. Different projects require different approaches regarding stakeholder engagement, which can change with time. Stakeholders may also need to be engaged in different ways depending on the issues that have been identified. A complete engagement scheme involves interaction with a broad range of stakeholders, from primary stakeholders who have a strong interest in learning and improving development outcomes, to those who are directly or indirectly affected by DECCMA research outcomes. Stakeholder engagement proves mutually beneficial, to DECCMA and its stakeholders. Effective stakeholder engagement enables improved planning and enhances relevance to stakeholders of DECCMA’s research outcomes and services. For stakeholders, the benefits of engagement include the opportunity to contribute to the research design and provide important information as experts in their field, as well as have their issues heard and influence decision-making.

1.3. Outline of the report

The following report presents the results of the first round of DSM in each of the four case studies, then compares the maps across the four cases and outlines next steps for round two of stakeholder engagement. Section 2 presents the stakeholder analysis for the Bangladesh Delta. Section 3 and 4 focus on the results from the two Indian case studies, namely the mapping in the Indian Bengal Delta and the Mahanadi Delta. The analysis and results from the Volta Delta

7 Introduction WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas a presented in section 5. The last section compares the four cases, draws preliminary conclusions and outlines the next steps.

8 The Bangladesh Delta WP1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

2. THE BANGLADESH DELTA

2.1. Introduction

Primary objective of this work task is to establish a gender-sensitive and substantive partnership with relevant stakeholders, such as decision makers at the national policy level and community representatives at a local level.. DECCMA aims to produce policy relevant research, and as a result to provide recommendation to policy makers .With this in mind, a first round of dynamic stakeholder mapping has been conducted to identify relevant stakeholders for the project with a particular focus on relevance for policy uptake and post- project follow up. Stakeholders have been identified based on their background and relevance to the project at this stage, keeping in mind that the identities of primary and secondary stakeholders and their respective influence or levels of interest in the project may change over time and vary across spatial scales. Meetings have been conducted amongst the country team members, which included brainstorming ideas regarding the engagement framework and mapping procedures. Further, organisations from various echelons of government and socio-economic system have been identified as relevant stakeholders to engage with.

2.2. Stakeholder Mapping

Stakeholders were assessed in terms of their respective influence and interest relating to DECCMA, enabling the identification of the most critical groups, institutions and individuals. Matrix prioritising was conducted to determine the relevant importance of each respective organisation and their level of involvement in design and throughout the duration of implementation of project (Appendix A).

For the Bangladesh delta, a total of 65 stakeholders were mapped, plotting their respective values of influence against interest, with increasing influence values from left to right along the x-axis and increasing interest values from bottom up along the y-axis (Figure 2). The influence and interest level of the various organisations were measured on a scale of 0 to 5 based upon the statements outlined in the above figure (Figure 1). A plot was prepared, colour coding the organisations according to sector, e.g national government, private sector, NGOs etc., in order to identify clusters of institutions of similar type.

The Bangladesh Delta WP1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

Figure 2: Stakeholder map showing relevant stakeholders in the Indian Bengal Delta

Legend: red= Government (national), orange= government (local), blue = donor, purple= intern. Organisation, yellow= NGO (international), light green= NGO (national), turquois = research 10

The Bangladesh Delta WP1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

The stakeholder map is divided into four equal size quadrants, counting clockwise from the top left in accordance with the aforementioned matrix. The four quadrants (Q1-4) rank stakeholders according to the following:

 Q1 – high interest/ low influence  Q2 – high interest/ high influence  Q3 – low interest/ high influence  Q4 – low interest/ low influence

The plot indicates a concentration of stakeholders in Q2 (29 out of 65) with high interest/ high influence and in Q1 (27 out of 29) with values of high interest but low influence. Nine stakeholders are mapped in Q4 (low interest/ low influence) and no stakeholders are located in Q3 with high influence but low interest.

It is interesting to observe that amongst stakeholders in Q2 mainly national government institutions are represented together with a few donor agencies and international organisations. Whereas there are fewer stakeholders placed in Q4, the type of stakeholders in Q2 and Q4 are similar, i.e. national government and international organisations. To understand the processes and mechanisms why certain government actors and international donor agencies have high interest and high influence, why others are at the opposite end (low interest/ low influence) will be one of the guiding questions for the next stakeholder engagement round in Bangladesh.

Regarding the mix of type of stakeholders, Q1 (where the second most stakeholders are located) combines a wide range of stakeholders across different sectors, such as national and international NGOs, national and local governments, donors, international organisations and research. These stakeholders have a high interest in DECCMA, but so far not a great influence in regards to policy uptake and implementation. This is a relevant group for DECCMA to engage with more and understand why their influence is limited, with the aim to enhance their voice and potential future influence for the project.

Out of 65 identified relevant stakeholders, a total of 14 stakeholders engaged at workshops held in the region (compare Appendix A). This translates to direct engagement of DECCMA with 21% of the identified stakeholders. Stakeholders, who attended the workshops, are all located either in Q2 or Q1, and are mostly government institutions, donors or international organisations. In addition, representatives from a national NGO and two other research projects attended the workshops. Type of stakeholders that were missing from the workshop

The Bangladesh Delta WP1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas were local government actors and international NGOs. It will be important to target these in the next round of stakeholder engagement, as well as focus on engagement with national government.

As outlined in the stakeholder engagement report, low attendance of the workshops was caused due to clashing time commitments of important stakeholders. It is hoped that in the next round o stakeholder engagement such issues can be avoided, and engagement of stakeholders can be increased.

As this analysis is based on a preliminary assessment it is expected that the stakeholder map is subject to change, as stakeholders’ influence and interests are dynamic both on a temporal and spatial scale.

Key findings:

 Only government actors and international organisations/ donors among stakeholders with high influence and high interests.  Government actors at opposite ends: either high influence/ high interest or low influence/ low interest.  Wide range of types of stakeholders that have high interest/ low influence in regards to DECCMA.  Only 21% of identified stakeholders engaged directly with DECCMA by attending stakeholder workshops.  Stakeholders that were missing from the workshop were local government and international NGOs, and only few national government actors attended.

The prepared stakeholder map acts as the primary basis upon which the engagement strategy is based. It helps in the identification of the most critical groups and institutions and thus allows the DECCMA to address their needs and concerns. Further, the stakeholder mapping also feeds into the design and results of other work tasks, such as the preparation of the Research into Use and Communication strategies to be best tailored to the needs, capabilities and characteristics of relevant stakeholder. Prioritised aspects of the engagement strategy include exchanging views about current research progress, targeted outputs and their immediate implementation, address issues and demands put forth by various group of stakeholders, and synthesizing the combined results as a whole. The stakeholder mapping is crucial for WPs 3,4, and 6 as a basis for targeting specific stakeholders relevant to their research foci

Indian Bengal Delta WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

3. INDIAN BENGAL DELTA

The Indian Bengal Delta (IBD), a part of Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna basin in Asia, which is shared between India and Bangladesh. The delta is home to an estimated population of 4.2 million, distributed over 19 Community Development (CD) blocks, has an assemblage of Tribals, Scheduled Castes and other Backward classes and present a profile of religious harmony between the Hindus and the Muslims. Parts of the delta form the Sunderbans National Park, which includes the only tidal-habitat of the Royal Bengal Tiger and was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1987.

For identifying and mapping stakeholders in the IBD, the same methodological approach was applied as for the Bangladesh Delta, namely stakeholders were assessed according to their interest in DECCMA and their influence on the project, as well as their influence, among others in regards to policy uptake (see section 1.1).

Indian Bengal Delta WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

media, =turquoise purple= research so civil green= light s, NGO yellow= (loca), government orange= (state), government pink= (national), government red= Legend: Figure

3.1.

: Stakeholder Map ofBengalDelta Indian the

Stakehold

er mapping

ciety, dark green= private sector, private green= dark ciety,

Indian Bengal Delta WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

A total of 39 stakeholders were mapped, plotting their respective values of influence against interest with increasing influence values from left to right along the x-axis and increasing interest values from bottom up along the y-axis (figure 2). The influence and interest level of the various organisations were measured on a scale from 0 to 5. A plot was prepared, colour coding the organisations according to type, in order to identify clusters of institutions of similar type. The plot shows that all identified stakeholders cluster in Q1 and Q2, thus all have a medium to high (3-5) interest, but vary in the degree of influence (1-5). So far, no stakeholders have been identified with a low interest in the project. This finding is surprising and needs to be further investigated to ensure that there has not been selection bias among the identified stakeholders.

All identified stakeholders are located in the quadrants with high interest. Stakeholders vary according to influence. While some stakeholders in the research sector have a low influence of 1 or 2, particularly state government actors as well as some NGOs have a very high influence of 5. Amongst the stakeholders in Q2 with high influence, mainly national and state government actors are represented. Unexpectedly, there are many national NGOs among actors with high interest and high influence, as well as civil society organisations, such as women self-help groups. In comparison to the other three case studies, it is interesting to note that there are no bilateral donors or international organisations that play a considerable role as important stakeholders. The next round of stakeholder engagement will investigate these preliminary findings further.

Attendance of the stakeholder workshops was relatively high in the IBD. Out of 39 identified stakeholders, 15 attended stakeholder workshops, i.e. 38% of stakeholders (Appendix B). Stakeholders, who are characterised by high interest and high influence attended the workshops, in particular NGOs as well as state government representatives. Furthermore, local government officials and researchers engaged directly with DECCMA during the workshops. However, national government and the private sector were missing from the stakeholder workshop. In addition, no donors or international organisations were represented among important stakeholders. The next round of stakeholder engagement needs to aim for keeping the same stakeholders interested and avoid stakeholder fatigue. Furthermore, stakeholders that have not been reached so far will need special attention and to try and get them engaged. Further details on strategies of stakeholder engagement are outlined in DECCMA’s stakeholder engagement plan and Research into Use Strategy.

Indian Bengal Delta WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

Key findings:

 All plotted stakeholders have a medium-high interest. No stakeholders identified with low interest.  Stakeholders with high influence include government actors, but also national NGOs and civil society organisations.  No international organisations or bilateral donors among relevant stakeholders.  Stakeholder engagement was high as 38% attended stakeholder workshops.  Stakeholders representing the national government and the private sector were missing from the engagement so far.

The prepared stakeholder map helped to identify relevant stakeholders, and illustrates their respective interest and influence. The map will inform the engagement and communication strategy for the IBD. Particularly in regards to the communication strategy, establishing links with the media and using multiple means of communication will be important to reach all the relevant stakeholders. To foster continuous engagement with the key actors, the engagement strategy includes exchanging views about current research progress, targeted output and its immediate implementation, address issues and demands put forth by various group of stakeholders, and synthesizing the combined results as a whole. The stakeholder mapping is also crucial for WPs 3,4, and 6 as a basis for targeting specific stakeholders relevant to their research focus.

Mahanadi Delta WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

4. MAHANADI DELTA (India)

4.1. Physical profile

The Mahanadi River Delta in Odisha (India) comprises a network of three rivers, namely the Mahanadi, the Brahmani and the Baitarini. The width of the delta ranges from 15km to 100 km and the delta extends for about 170 km from Bhadrak in the North to Chilika in the South.

The Mahanadi delta has a total population of 6.6 million divided across four districts: Cuttack, Puri, Kendrapara and Bhubaneshwar. An analysis of the Census Data to estimate population change in the delta districts shows that in Puri and Cuttack districts population has decreased by 9.84% and 16.97% between 1961-2011 respectively. Possible causes for such population decline include negative socio-economic impacts from climate related events in these coastal districts.

The Mahanadi delta is also home to a unique ecosystem. Here, the Chilika Lake, a Ramsar Site, and the World’s largest marine turtle nesting ground, Ghairmata Beach (35 km long) are located in the delta, as well as the largest population of Estuarine Crocodiles in India.

Against this backdrop, the following section presents relevant stakeholders in the Mahanadi delta for DECCMA and maps their interest and influence in the project (see section 1.1).

4.2. Stakeholder mapping

A total of 29 stakeholders were mapped, plotting their respective values of influence against interest, colour coding the organisations according to type, in order to identify clusters of institutions of similar type (figure 3). The plot shows that all identified stakeholders are located either in Q1 or Q2. Therefore all stakeholders have a high interest (4-5) in DECCMA, but vary in the degree of influence. The score for influence ranges from 2-4, thus, some stakeholders have low influence, others have high influence. The stakeholder map of the Mahanadi delta resembles the findings from the Indian Bengal Delta. Further scrutiny is necessary to understand what causes the observed similarities.

Out of 29 identified stakeholders, six stakeholders are placed in Q1 (high interest/ low influence) and 23 stakeholders are in Q2 (high interest/ high influence). In Q2, state government institutions present the dominant stakeholder group, in addition to local and

Mahanadi Delta WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas national government institutions. Further, international organisations, NGOs, the private sector and civil society are all represented among stakeholders with high influence. This mix of type of stakeholders as well as the relatively high number of stakeholders with high influence is an interesting finding and will be investigated further in the second round of stakeholder engagement. In addition, the second round of stakeholder engagement in the Mahanadi will test the results of the dynamic stakeholder mapping further. As no stakeholders with low interest in DECCMA have been identified in the Mahanadi, it seems there might be a selection bias in stakeholder identification. This needs further examination.

8 stakeholders out of 29 attended stakeholder workshops organised by DECCMA in the Mahanadi delta (Appendix D). This relates to an attendance rate of 27%. All stakeholders, which attended the workshop were mapped in Q2, i.e. having high interest and high influence. Mainly, state government representatives engaged directly with DECCMA during the workshops, as well as national NGOs and the private sector. Types of stakeholders that were missing from the workshop include national and local government actors, international organisations, and civil society organisations. Furthermore could the engagement with NGOs be strengthened. Therefore, for the next round of stakeholder engagement, in the Mahanadi delta DECCMA should engage with a more diverse range of stakeholders and raise awareness (and interest) among donor organisation, civil society groups, local government and other research projects.

Key findings:

 All identified stakeholders have a high interest (4-5) in DECCMA. This is similar to the Indian Bengal Delta.  Stakeholders with high influence are dominated by state government actors, but also include national NGOs and civil society organisations.  27% of stakeholders attended DECCMA workshops in the Mahanadi delta.  Stakeholders that have not been engaged so far include national government, local government, civil society organisations, and international organisations. Engagement with NGOs could be strengthened.

Mahanadi Delta WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

dark green= private sector, purple= media,green=private sector, research dark turquoise= purple= (local), government orange= (state), government pink= (national), government red= Legend: Figure

Stakeholder of Mahanadi Delta the Map

blue= intern. intern. blue=

Organisations, yellow= NGOs, light green= civil society, civil green= light NGOs, yellow= Organisations,

Volta Delta WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

5. THE VOLTA DELTA (Ghana)

5.1. Introduction

The DECCMA Project in Ghana examines the Volta Delta, its vulnerabilities associated with climate change and the various adaptation options available to inhabitants of the delta with a focus on migration. Geographically, the communities of interest under this project fall within the following districts in the Greater Accra and Volta Regions of Ghana: Ada East and West, Keta, Ketu South, North Tongu, South Tongu and Akatsi South. This section analyses stakeholders, their relevance to DECCMA regarding their interest in and influence on the project..

5.2. Stakeholder Mapping

In the Volta delta a total of 126 relevant stakeholders were identified (figure 4). The majority of stakeholders (109 stakeholders of 126) are situated in Q1 and Q2, i.e. they are perceived to have a high interest in DECCMA, while their influence varies. Out of these 109 stakeholders, 84 stakeholders are placed in Q2 (or 2/3 of all stakeholders), which have a high interest in and high influence on DECCMA. In this group government institutions (national and local) are dominant, though other types of stakeholders are represented, too, such as international organisations and donors, national and international NGOs. Stakeholders active in research are mainly located in Q1, with high interest in DECCMA, but low influence on the project.

Stakeholders with the highest interest and influence score (5/5) are all district chief executives of the 8 districts in the Volta delta.1 Other influential stakeholders with high interest in DECCMA are Members of Parliament representing the districts, as well as members of the respective District Assemblies. These stakeholders are highly relevant for policy uptake of DECCMA’s research results, as well as can have a significant influence on the success of DECCMA’s research. To keep these stakeholders engaged and interests will be important for the project’s research outcomes.

1 The map was produced before the re-drawing of the Volta delta for the DECCMA project, which now includes a total of 10 districts.

Volta Delta WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

Compared with the other case studies presented in this report, in the Volta delta the number of stakeholders is much higher and the range of stakeholders is broader than in the other deltas. This high number compared with the other case study areas can be partially explained with the high number of relevant districts (8) in the delta, and thus a wide range of relevant local administration and government. The plot shows that even though politicians at the national level have high influence (4), their interest is comparatively low (3). Politicians at the district level as shown in the stakeholder map have often a higher interest (4 or 5) than national government officials, while they have equal or higher influence. One interesting observation is that local government is perceived as having higher influence on DECCMA than national government. It can be hypothesized that this is due to a more immediate interaction between DECCMA and local government, as national government actors might be more difficult to reach, and more reluctant to engage. The next stakeholder engagement round will pay close attention to this finding and test it further.

In contrast to the other three case studies, in the Volta delta stakeholders are mapped in each of the four quadrants. While most stakeholders have a high interest in DECCMA, two stakeholders have low interest/ high influence (Q3) and15 stakeholders are classified as low interest/ low influence (Q4). Stakeholders in Q4 are predominantly represent the media, as well as the private sector and research programmes. It is surprising, however, that other research programmes, which in some cases are directly related to DECCMA, such as the ASSAR project, are classified as low interest/ low influence on DECCMA. This will need further testing in the second round of stakeholder engagement.

Out of 126, 20 stakeholders attended DECCMA workshops (Appendix G). The attendance rate of 15% is the lowest across the four case studies. However, in the Volta delta stakeholders mapped in Q2, Q1 and Q4 (low interest/ low influence) engaged directly with DECCMA through the workshops. The Volta delta is the only case study, where stakeholders mapped in Q4 attended workshops. Attendees of the workshops were from local government authorities in the relevant districts, in addition to a few journalists and researchers from other projects. Stakeholders, that were missing from the workshops and which need to be targeted in the future are: national government, international organisations and donors, NGOs, the private sector and possibly identified experts. For the next round of stakeholder engagement, it is therefore

Volta Delta WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas important to increase interest and awareness in DECCMA among the primary stakeholders, and diversify the range of stakeholder, which directly engage with DECCMA.

Volta Delta WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

Figure 5: Stakeholder Map for the Volta Delta Legend: Red= government (national), orange= government (local), dark blue= international organisations/ donors, light blue= experts, light green= NGOs (national), yellow= NGOs (international), dark green= private sector, purple= media, turquoise= research.

Key findings:

 High numbers of relevant stakeholders identified (total of 126). This is partially explained by high number of districts and local government/ administration in the Volta delta.  2/3 of stakeholders have high influence/ high interest in DECCMA. These are predominantly politicians, such as District Chief Executives, MPs or District Assembly members.  Stakeholders identified with low interest/ low influence include mainly media, private sector institutions and research programmes.  DECCMA engaged directly with only 15% of identified stakeholders.  Missing from the workshop were stakeholders representing national government, international organisations, donors, NGOs, the private sector and technical experts.

Conclusions WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

6. CONCLUSIONS

This report presented the results of the mapping of stakeholders across the four case study areas, namely the Bangladesh delta, the Indian Bengal delta, the Mahanadi delta and the Volta delta. For each case study relevant stakeholders were identified. The DSM approach assumes that project understanding of the case study areas will develop over time, and that the respective influence and interest levels of both institutions and individuals may change over time. These changes will take place for a number of reasons – e.g.

 better understanding of the roles of various stakeholders as regards adaptation to climate change;  improved personal contacts within institutions leading to more precise role delineation;  clearer definition of survey areas;  fluid patterns of government funding across agencies and changing policy objectives over time.

It is also hoped that the level of interest of specific stakeholders (those with the highest levels of influence) will increase over the course of the project as the value of the project research outputs and approach is better understood. Finally, it is expected that as stakeholders become increasingly involved in assessing the relative interest and influence of particular institutions and individuals themselves (i.e. through scoring exercises to be held during future engagement events), a more nuanced understanding will be possible. It is clear from the tables contained in the Appendices below that not all stakeholders identified as being relevant were able to attend the engagement events that have taken place thus far. This may be because of:

 a mismatch in perception between the interest/influence scores assigned by project partners and the views of those stakeholders themselves;  problems with communicating with the relevant individuals within these organisations; or  low levels of interest on their part with respect to the relevance / utility of project outputs.

Conclusions WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

The result of the first round of stakeholder mapping are four maps for each of the delta, identifying relevant stakeholder and assigning each an interest and influence level. The maps across the four deltas are very different from each other, and hence comparison is not without difficulty. For example, the number of relevant stakeholders identified in the Mahanadi is 29, whereas in the Volta delta 126 stakeholders have been identified. This is partially in relation to the diverse sizes of the deltas and the number of districts. In particular in the Mahanadi and the Indian Bengal Delta, it appears that stakeholders, who were identified as important for DECCMA all have a high interest in the project. Here, there is the danger of selection bias, as stakeholders with low interest and influence are not as likely to be relevant to the project. In comparison, the Bangladesh delta and the Volta delta each have stakeholders with a low interest or influence in the project. Such differences in the number of relevant stakeholders needs to be reflected in the design and implementation the stakeholder communication strategies for each of the case studies. Furthermore, the visualization of the stakeholder maps might need to be modified in regards of the number of stakeholders displayed (see part 6.1. below).

There are broad similarities across the four case studies in regards to the type of stakeholders, which are deemed important. Mainly, government actors are located in Q2 across all four maps, i.e. having high influence and high interest. This does not come as a surprise, as national governments are responsible for rule-making and policy implementation, and therefore often have great influence. In the Volta delta, though, it seems that the range of stakeholders is wider, than in deltas like the Mahanadi. The stakeholder map of the Volta delta shows many international and national NGOs, as well as local media and international organisations. In contrast, international and donor organisations, which often play an influential role in policy making in developing countries, are not mapped as relevant in the Indian Bangladesh delta. This findings will be explored further in the second round of stakeholder engagement.

In each of the four case studies, government actors were among the key stakeholders. Here, government actors had medium to high levels of influence, as well as interest in DECCMA. However, what differed was the type and administrative level of relevant government institutions. Whereas in the Bangladesh Delta, mainly national government actors seem relevant, in the Indian Bengal Delta state

Conclusions WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas government actors were the main stakeholders, and in Ghana a mix between national and local government actors played an important role.

6.1. Reflections and next steps

The first round of DSM aimed to identify relevant stakeholders in each of the case study areas, which are important for the work of DECCMA. As this report demonstrated, the stakeholder maps, which were produced for each case study areas, vary greatly – though the Indian Bengal delta and the Mahanadi delta also share great similarities. As was mentioned previously, a number of difficulties were encountered during the first round of stakeholder mapping. For example, it was difficult to motivate some stakeholders to attend the stakeholder workshops and engage with them. This might have resulted in a selection bias of stakeholders and the over or underestimation of interest/ influence in their part.

The proposed matrix for the stakeholder mapping was scored on a scale from 0 to 5. However, as a result for those maps containing high numbers of different stakeholders, such as in the case of the Volta delta and the Bangladesh delta, the resolution was found to be too coarse, which makes the maps crowded and difficult to read. This will be revised in the next round of stakeholder mapping.

A common problem is the high potential for scoring bias of stakeholders. The current maps so far relied on the expert opinion by DECCMA research staff. It seems that this resulted in scoring actors in bulk by sector, or giving rather higher scores for interest and influence, than lower. In order to address the scoring bias in the second round of stakeholder mapping, WP1 proposes to developed clear indicators for interest and influence, and test these via a questionnaire, which will be distributed to stakeholders. Further, the current maps will be presented to stakeholders for comments, which will give better insight into their own perceptions of their interest and influence. The results from the questionnaire in combination with the feedback from the presentation of the maps will be used to revise the stakeholder maps and increase their validity and reliability.

In addition to the revision of the current maps, suggestions also include to devise additional maps according to policy levels, which might de-clutter maps with too many stakeholders, which will make the maps easier to read as well as provide more

Conclusions WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas in-depth information of relevant stakeholders at a local scale. This can in particular be helpful when linking the maps with the Research into Use Strategy, and thus being able to target and engage with specific stakeholders at the local level.

Furthermore, data from the first round of stakeholder mapping needs to be triangulated with the results from other work packages, for example WP6 to validate the maps, thus creating robust results. This might also include making another set of stakeholder maps, where stakeholders are scored and mapped according to their adaptation activities, which then links to the adaptation inventory produced by WP6. Additional mapping exercises will be conducted annually for the duration of the project, with additional granularity being elicited from spatially disaggregated mapping.

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 29

7. APPENDICES

7.1. Appendix A: Stakeholders in the Bangladesh Delta

Serial Stakeholder Type Level Areas Where Influe- Inter- Attended Relevant nce est Stakehol- Relevant Relevan der to t to workshop Sending Receivi (Y/N) Areas ng Areas 1 Comprehensi Governme National Yes No 3 4 N ve Disaster nt Management (National) Programme (CDMP) 2 DFID Donor National Yes Yes 3 4 N (and Regiona l) 3 EU Donor National Yes Yes 3 3 N 4 Swiss Donor National Yes Yes 2 3 N Agency for Developme nt and Cooperation (SDC) 5 Norwegian Donor National Yes Yes 2 3 N Agency for Developme nt Cooperation (NORAD) 6 FAO Donor National Yes Yes 2 4 N 7 ADB Donor National Yes Yes 3 4 N (and Regiona l) 8 World Bank Donor National Yes Yes 4 4 N (and Regiona l) 9 International Donor National Yes Yes 1 2 N Federation of the Red Cross (IFRC) 10 Embassy of Donor National Yes Yes 3 3 N Kingdom of Netherlands 11 USAID Donor National Yes Yes 2 3 N 12 German Donor National Yes Yes 2 3 Y Developme nt Cooperation 29

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(GIZ) 13 Climate Donor National Yes Yes 2 4 Y Finance and Governance , German Developme nt Cooperation (GIZ) 14 JICA Donor National Yes Yes 3 3 Y (and Regiona l) 15 Members of Governmen National Yes Yes 3 4 N Climate t (National) (and Change Regiona Trust Fund l) (CCTF) 16 Climate Governmen National Yes Yes 3 4 N Change t (National) (and Resilience Regiona Fund l) (CCRF) 17 Palli Karma- Governmen National No Yes 3 4 Y Sahayak t (National) andRegi Foundation onal (PKSF) 18 Union Governmen Regiona Yes Yes 1 3 N Parishads t (Local) l (UPs) 19 International Internationa National No Yes 2 4 Y Organisatio l n for Organisatio Migration n (IOM) 20 UNDP Internationa National Yes Yes 4 5 Y l (and Organisatio Regiona n l) 21 World Food Internationa National Yes Yes 2 2 N Programme, l UN Organisatio n 22 United Internationa National Yes Yes 1 2 N Nations l Institute for Organisatio Environmen n t and Human Security (UNU-EHS) 23 United Internationa National Yes No 1 3 N Nations l Environmen Organisatio t Program n (UNEP) 24 United Internationa National Yes No 2 2 N 30

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Nations l Convention Organisatio to Combat n Desertificati on and Drought (UNCCD) 25 United Internationa National Yes No 4 4 N Nations l Framework Organisatio Convention n on Climate Change (UNFCCC) 26 United Internationa National No Yes 2 3 N Nations l High Organisatio Commission n er for Refugees (UNHCR) 27 United Internationa National No Yes 1 1 N Nations l Office for Organisatio the n Coordinatio n of Humanitaria n Affairs (UN OCHA) 28 BWDB Governmen National Yes Yes 3 4 N t (National) and Regiona l 29 LGED Governmen National Yes Yes 3 4 Y t (National) and Regiona l 30 Practical NGO National Yes Yes 1 3 N Action Internationa (and l Regiona l) 31 Water Aid NGO National No Yes 1 4 N Internationa (and l Regiona l) 32 OXFAM NGO National Yes Yes 1 3 N Internationa (and l Regiona l) 33 CARE NGO National No Yes 2 4 N Internationa and l Regiona l 34 Ahsania NGO Regiona No Yes 1 3 N Mission National l 35 BRAC NGO National Yes Yes 2 3 N 31

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National / Regiona l (Sub- National ) 36 ManusherJo NGO Regiona Yes Yes 1 3 N nno National l Foundation (MJF) 37 GonoGobes NGO Regiona No Yes 1 2 N hona o National l Unnayan Foundation (GoUF) 38 Shushilan NGO Local Yes Yes 1 4 Y National (Khulna / Barisal etc.) 39 Rupantar NGO Regiona Yes Yes 1 3 N National l 40 ActionAid NGO National Yes No 2 3 N National and Regiona l 41 Uttaran NGO Regiona Yes Yes 1 3 N National l 42 Parliament Governmen National Yes Yes 3 4 N Standing t (National) Committee 43 Ministry of Governmen National Yes Yes 5 5 N Environmen t (National) t and Forests 44 Ministry of Governmen National Yes 4 4 N Disaster t (National) Manageme nt and Relief 45 Ministry of Governmen National Yes Yes 1 1 N Food t (National) 46 Department Governmen National Yes No 3 4 Y of Disaster t (National) / Manageme Regiona nt l (Sub- National ) 47 Department Governmen National Yes No 3 4 N of t (National) Environmen t 48 Ministry of Governmen National No Yes 3 4 N Agriculture t (National) 49 Department Governmen National Yes No 3 3 Y of Forestry t (National) 50 Ministry of Governmen National No Yes 1 1 N Labor t (National) 51 Ministry of Governmen National No Yes 2 3 N 32

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Expatriates, t (National) Welfare and Overseas Employmen t 52 Planning Governmen National Yes Yes 4 4 N Commission t (National) (GED) 53 WARPO Governmen National Yes Yes 3 4 Y t (National) 54 Internal Governmen Regiona Yes No 1 3 N Displaceme t (National) l nt Monitoring Centre (IDMC) 55 National Governmen National Yes No 4 4 N Disaster t (National) Manageme nt Council (NDMC) 56 Directorate Governmen National No Yes 3 4 N of Relief t (National) and Rehabilitatio n (DRR) 57 Department Governmen National Yes Yes 2 3 Y of Fisheries t (National) 58 Department Governmen National Yes No 2 2 Y of Forest t (National) 59 Department Governmen National No Yes 3 3 N of t (National) Agricultural Extension 60 MPs of Governmen Local Yes Yes 4 4 N vulnerable t (National) hotspots 61 International Research National Yes No 3 4 N Center for (National) Climate Change & Developme nt (ICCCAD) [ARCAB] 62 Climate Research National Yes Yes 1 3 N Change, (Internation Environmen al) t and Migration Alliance (CCEMA) 63 IUCN Research National Yes Yes 1 4 N (Internation al) 64 Bangladesh Research National Yes Yes 3 4 Y Center for (National) and 33

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Advanced Regiona Studies l (BCAS) 65 Center for Research Regiona Yes Yes 1 3 Y Natural (National) l (Sub- Resources National Study ) (CNRS)

7.2. Appendix B: Stakeholder table from the Indian Bengal Delta

Identity and brief description of relevance of each stakeholder, along with an indication of whether they are relevant to sending or receiving areas:

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 35

Areas Where Attended Relevant Stakeholder Rele workshop Se vant Releva (Y/N) Influ Inter ria Stakeholder Type Level to nt to ence est l Send Receiv ing ing Area Areas s Member of Parliament Governme Nationa N 1. 1 Yes Yes 3 5 (MP) nt l Member of Yes Yes Y Governme 2.Legislative 2 Assembly District 3 5 nt (MLA) Chairman of Zilla Yes Yes N Parishad Governme 3. 3 District 4 5 nt

Local Governme Block/ Y 4. 4 Yes No 2 5 Bodies/Authority nt Local Governme Nationa No No N 5.NITI Ayog* 4 5 nt l Sundarbans Affairs Governme Yes Yes Y 6. State 4 5 Department nt Governme Yes Yes N Agriculture 7. State 4 5 Department nt Governme State N 8.Fisheries Department Yes No 4 5 nt Forest Department Governme State Yes Y 9. No 4 5 nt Irrigation and Water Governme State Yes N 10. No 4 5 ways Department nt Panchayat & Rural Governme State Yes N 11. Yes 4 5 development nt Women & Child Governme State Yes N 12. No 3 5 Development nt Health & Family Governme State N 13. No Yes 3 5 Planning nt Environment Governme State Yes N 14. No 3 5 nt Dept. of Refugee, Governme State Yes N 15. Yes 2 5 Relief & nt

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Rehabilitation Dept. of Labour Governme State Yes N 16. Yes 2 4 nt WBREDA Governme State Yes N 17. Yes 3 5 nt WBSEB Governme State Yes N 18. Yes 2 3 nt Dept. of Disaster Governme Yes Y 19. State Yes 3 5 Management nt School of Research State Yes Y

20.Oceanography, Yes 2 5 Jadavpur University Dept. of Marine Research State Yes No N

21.Science, University of 2 5 Calcutta School of Research State Yes No Y Environmental 22. 1 3 Science, Jadavpur University Dept. of Geography, Research State Yes No N 23. 1 4 Vidyasagar University

24.WBUASF Research State Yes No 2 4 N Dept. of Geography, Research State Yes No N 25. 1 3 University of Calcutta CARITAS (NGO) Research State Yes No Y 26. 2 4

Centre for State Yes Y Research 27.Environment & Yes 2 5 Development 28.WWF -I NGO Local Yes No 4 5 Y 29.TSRD NGO Local Yes No 4 5 Y 30.ENDEV NGO Local Yes Yes 3 5 Y 31.PUPA NGO Local Yes No 3 5 N 32.NEWS NGO Local Yes No 3 4 N

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33.DRCSC NGO Local Yes No 4 5 N 34.SISH NGO Local Yes No 4 5 N 35.LWSIT NGO Local Yes No 3 4 Y 36.JYDC NGO Local Yes No 3 5 Y Women Self Help Yes No Y Civil 37. Local 4 5 Groups society

38.Media Media Local Yes Yes 3 4 Y Inner Wheel Private Yes N Sector 39. District No 2 3

7.3. Appendix C: Communication strategy for the Indian Bengal Delta

Sl.No. Category Communication method Purpose of engagement

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Politicians Telephone/Email To impress upon need for Action for Adaptation in consonance with the objective of DECCMA. Government Departments Telephone/Email To motivate to implement Disaster Management Plan, Early Warning System, Construction of Rescue Shelters and implement Climate Action Plan of the State (Sundarban sub- sector), following major objectives of the project. Local Bodies/Authorities Telephone/Email To take necessary action at the local level for Adaptation and to assist in Planned Migration, if unavailable, as a part of the DECCMA project study. Academic/Research Telephone/Email To highlight Groups through continuous 38

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 39

research, current situation and sensitize the policy makers on the need for action, as an input to the ongoing DECCMA exercise.

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(I)NGOs Telephone/Email/Print To undertake media/Flyers/Social awareness media programme amongst the communities on Climate Change impact and also help community in the process of Adaptation, in consonance with the major goals of the DECCMA project. Women Self Help Groups Telephone/Email/Print To create an media/Flyers/Social enabling media environment for the women to cope up with the Climate Change Adaptation and also to maintain the family unit in case of male migration, in tune with the objective of Gender Equity in the DECCMA project. Media Email/Telephone//Press To reach wider Conference readership by publication periodic results of the DECCMA project. 40

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 41

Private Group Telephone/Email/Print To make the media/Flyers members aware about vagaries of Climate Change, need for Adaptation and impress of need for external assistance in the process of Adaptation, especially focusing on the women.

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7.4. Appendix D: Identified stakeholders in the Mahanadi Delta

Identity and brief description of relevance of each stakeholder, along with an indication of whether they are relevant to sending or receiving areas;

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 43

Areas Where Relevant Attended Relevant to Relevant to Stakeholder Serial Stakeholder Type Level Influence Interest Sending Receiving workshop (Y/N) Areas Areas 1. Member of Parliament Government National Yes Yes 3 5 N 2. Member of Legislative Assembly Government District Yes Yes 3 5 N 3. Chairman of Zilla Parishad Government District Yes Yes 4 5 N 4. Local Bodies/Authorities Government Block/Local Yes Yes 2 5 N 5. NITI Ayog Government National No No 4 5 N 6. Chilika Development Authority Government State Yes No 4 5 Y 7. Disaster Management Government State Yes Yes 3 5 Y 8. Agriculture Department Government State Yes Yes 4 5 N 9. Fisheries Department Government State Yes No 4 5 Y 10. Forest Department Government State Yes No 4 5 Y Irrigation and Water ways Government State Yes No Y 11. 4 5 Department Panchayat and Rural development Government State Yes Yes N 12. 4 5 department

13. Dept. of Women & Child Government State Yes No 3 5 N 14. Health and Family Planning Government State Yes No 3 5 N 43

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Department

15. Environment Dept. Government State Yes Yes 3 5 Y Dept. of Refugee, Relief & Government State Yes Yes N 16. 2 5 Rehabilitation

17. Dept. of Labour Government State Yes Yes 2 4 N 18. ICZMP Government State Yes Yes 4 5 Y Department of Marine Sciences, Research State Yes N 19. No 2 5 Berhampur University Department of Women Study, Research State Yes Yes N 20. 2 4 Utkal University

21. OUAT Research State Yes No 2 4 N 22. WWF-I NGO State/District Yes No 3 5 N 23. IUCN INGO State/District Yes Yes 3 5 N 24. UNDP INGO State/District Yes Yes 3 5 N 25. UNICEF INGO State/District Yes Yes 3 5 N 26. NET-Coast* NGO Local Yes Yes 4 5 Y 27. Pallishree NGO Local Yes Yes 4 5 N 28. Women Self Help Groups Civil Society Local Yes No 4 5 N 29. Media Media Local Yes Yes 3 4 N 44

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7.5. Appendix E: Communication strategy for the Mahanadi Delta

Sl.No. Category Communication method Purpose of engagement

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 46

Politicians Telephone/Email To impress upon need for Action for Adaptation in consonance with the objective of DECCMA. Government Departments Telephone/Email To motivate to implement Disaster Management Plan, Early Warning System, Construction of Rescue Shelters and implement Climate Action Plan of the State (Sundarban sub- sector), following major objectives of the project. Local Bodies/Authorities Telephone/Email To take necessary action at the local level for Adaptation and to assist in Planned Migration, if unavailable, as a part of the DECCMA project study. Academic/Research Groups Telephone/Email To highlight through continuous research, current situation and sensitize the policy makers on the need for action, as an input to the ongoing DECCMA exercise. (I)NGOs Telephone/Email/Print To undertake media/Flyers/Social media awareness programme 46

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 47

amongst the communities on Climate Change impact and also help community in the process of Adaptation, in consonance with the major goals of the DECCMA project. Women Self Help Groups Telephone/Email/Print To create an enabling media/Flyers/Social media environment for the women to cope up with the Climate Change Adaptation and also to maintain the family unit in case of male migration, in tune with the objective of Gender Equity in the DECCMA project. Media Email/Telephone//Press To reach wider Conference readership by publication periodic results of the DECCMA project.

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 48

7.6. Appendix F - Profiles of Districts in the Volta Delta

Keta Municipal

According to 2010 Population and Housing Census, Keta Municipal has a population of 147,618. This was made up of 68,556 (46.4%) males and 79,062 (53.6%) females.

It has a total fertility rate of 3.1 and is ranked as the fourth largest district in the Volta Region of Ghana. The district is 53.3 percent urban with Keta as the capital. The Keta Municipal was carved out of the former Anlo District, which comprised Akatsi and Ketu Districts and the Assembly was established by the Establishment Instrument (L.I.) 1868 of 2007.

The Municipality lies within Longitudes 0.30E and 1.05W and Latitudes 5.45N and 6.005S. It is located east of the Volta estuary, about 160 kilometres to the east of Accra, off the Accra-Aflao main road. It shares common borders with Akatsi South District to the north, Ketu North and South Districts to the east, South Tongu District to the west and the Gulf of Guinea to the south. Out of the total surface area of 1,086 square kilometres, approximately 362 square kilometres (about 30 per cent) is covered by water bodies. The largest of these is Keta Lagoon, which is about 12 km at its widest section and 32km long and happens to be the largest lagoon in Ghana. The municipality is a low-lying coastal plain with the highest point of 53 metres above sea level and the lowest between 1 to 3.5 metres below sea level there by making it vulnerable to tidal waves and sea erosion.

The district is mainly an agricultural society with the majority of the population engaged in crop farming, livestock keeping, fishing and other related trading activities including a wide range of industrial activities grouped into agro-based, wood-based (carpentry, standing brooms) mostly operating as sole proprietorships.

South Tongu District

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The South Tongu district is located in the southern part of the Lower Volta Basin and bounded to the north by Central and North Tongu Districts, to the east by Akatsi South District, to the west by Ada East District of the Greater Accra Region and to the south by Keta Municipal. The district has a total land area of 594.75 square kilometres and lies between latitudes 6°10’N, 5°45’N and longitudes 30°30’W, 0°45’W, with a population of 87,950, of which 45.5 percent were males. With a population density of about 109 persons per square kilometer, the district has many communities along the major roads and a few of its communities have a good road network. The population however is sparse in the north eastern and south eastern parts of the district.

The district is generally low lying by virtue of its location within the coastal plain, but rises gradually to a height of 75 metres above sea level. The underlying rocks in the district are metamorphic in origin and mainly consist of gneiss and schist’s. The district is drained mainly by the Volta River, which runs along the district’s western boundary with Ada East District. There are also numerous streams, which run across the district; prominent among them are the Chinwi and Todzi, with a number of lagoons in the southern section. Notable among these lagoons is the Avu lagoon located east of Dabala. The lagoons account for the marshy nature of the landscape in the southern section.

About 52 percent of the active population in the district are engaged in agriculture.The district abounds in potentials for large-scale production of rice with two large-scale rice productive firms already in the district. While livestock and fishing are already practised on a large scale, the potential of large-scale sugar cane cultivation also exists. Other food crops cultivated in the district are maize, cassava, tomatoes and okro with chilli pepper as the main cash crop.

North Tongu District

The North Tongu District is located along the Volta River and has majority of its communities interspersed along the River. The district has a total land size of about 1,131.64 square kilometres representing six percent of the total land area of the Volta Region. The district has a vast arable land available for agricultural

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 50 development. The district lays within latitudes 5047’N to 60N and longitude 005’ E to 0045’E and shares boundaries with Central Tongu to the East, Ada East to the West, South Tongu to the South and Asuogyaman to the North. The main water body watering the North Tongu District is the Volta River. The District is also drained by the Alabo, Kolo, Aklakpa, Gblor, Bla (Bla-Battor), Anyorgborti (Aveyime) and Nyifla streams and their numerous tributaries into the Volta River, which runs North – South through the District. In the rainy season, these streams overflow their banks, causing damage to roads and farms. Channeling, diversion, basin clearing or other means of correction could re-drain large areas of agricultural lands and boost agricultural production. There are large numbers of inland creeks including Anyorgborti and Aklamadawu, Bla which could be developed into fish breeding grounds

With its total population of 87,950 consisting of 54.5 percent females, the district is predominantly rural (87.1%) and an agrarian economy with more than half (57.2%) of its employed population engaged in skilled agricultural forestry and fishery and 15.3 percent involved in service and sales.

Majority of the employed population who engage in skilled agriculture and fishery are women constituting 53 percent as compared to 47 percent males. Similarly, there are more females (4,441) than males (971) engaged in service and sales.

Ketu South District

The Ketu South District is one of the twenty-five districts in the Volta Region and is located at the south–eastern corner of Ghana. It shares its eastern border with the Republic of Togo, the west with Keta Municipality, the north with Ketu North District and on the south is the Gulf of Guinea. The district has a total land size of approximately 779 square kilometres representing 3.8 percent of the regional land area and lies w dithin latitudes 60 03’N and 60 10’N, and longitude 10 6’E and 10 11’E. The district is strategically located with added advantage as the Eastern Gateway to Ghana where continuous cross-border activities are carried out on daily basis.

The population of the Ketu South District (160,756) constitutes 7.6 percent of the population of the Volta Region and has more females (52.9%). With the growth rate of 1.9 percent, the population is projected to increase to 183,624 by December 2017. 50

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The high population growth in the municipality is largely attributed to the influx of immigrants mainly from the nearby countries: Togo, Benin, Nigeria and Niger who engage in commercial activities in the district.

Ketu South Municipality is a relatively low land area with altitudes ranging from less than 15 metres at the coast and increasing to 66 metres inland. The coastline is fairly smooth and marked by sandbars. The Municipality is drained by the Gulf of Guinea which stretches along the whole of the southern part of the district. Another noticeable phenomenon in the district is that about 30 kilometres stretch of lagoon, extending from the Keta lagoon at Blekusu to the environs of Aflao also exist to provide opportunity for aquaculture activities, eco-tourism, development of green belt and salt mining.

The municipality is dominated by an agrarian economy with almost 60 percent of the population in agriculture, fishing and commerce. The occupational areas are classified into agriculture employing directly over 42.7 percent. Fisheries dominates the agricultural sector with the other two sub-sectors being crop and livestock. About 98 percent of the total farmlands in the district are under subsistence food crops production involving maize, cassava and vegetables. The rest of the farmland is devoted to the cultivation of non-traditional cash crops mainly; mango and chili pepper which are for export.

Akatsi South District

The Akatsi South District was established by a Legislative Instrument (L. I.) 2165 on March 15, 2012. It is located between latitudes 60S 70N and longitudes 00W 10E. It shares boundaries with Keta Municipal Assembly to the South, Ketu North to the East, to the West by South Tongu District and to the North by Akatsi North District. Its total land area is about 536 square kilometres with the capital at Akatsi

The topography of the district generally is undulating with a general elevation of the land averaging 10 to 50 metres above sea level, and a peculiar coastal savannah soil, ground water laterite and tropical black earth. The district is a low-lying coastal plain with flat land in the south and rolling plain to the north. About 60 percent of the total land area lies below 100 feet contour line and rising to cover over 200 feet in the 51

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 52 northern parts. Rivers, such as Tordzi, Agblegborloe, Wowoe, Lotor and Kutoe, drain the district. The first three empty their waters into the Keta and Avu lagoons. Some of these are dammed for irrigation during the dry season.

The agriculture sector is the leading employer of the district work force and is mainly at subsistence level. This accounts for 75.5 percent of the total labour force compared with the national figure of 49.2 percent. Those in commerce form 18.3 percent and the service sector and industry were 3.5 percent and 2.7 percent respectively. The industrial activities in the district are agro-based, wood-based, mining and quarrying, textile, vocational and coconut oil-extraction based.

Ada East District

The Ada East District is situated in the eastern part of the Greater Accra Region. The total land area of 289, 783 square kilometres has a population of 71,671 with 47.5 percent males. The district shares common boundaries with the Central Tongu district to the North, South Tongu and Ada West to the East and West respectively. It is bounded to the South by the Gulf of Guinea which stretches over 18 kilometres from Kewunor to Totope. It is also bounded by the Volta-River South-Eastwards extending to the Gulf of Guinea Southward thereby forming an Estuary, about 2 kilometres away from the district capital, Ada-Foah. The district forms the central portions of the Accra plains. The relief is generally gentle and undulating, a low plain with heights not exceeding 60 metres above sea level. The prominent relief feature include the Todjeh boulders rising about 240 metres above sea level. The general drainage pattern of the Ada East district can be described as dendritic with some of the streams taking their source from the Volta River. The district is predominantly rural (68.3%) with an agrarian economy

Ada West District

The Ada West District covers a total land area of 454 square kilometres sharing boundary with North Tongu to the north, Ningo-Prampram to the west, Ada East to the east and Gulf of Guinea to the south. The district is predominantly rural (70.3%). 52

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The population of the district in 2010 was 59,124 with women representing 51.7 percent of the total population. Predominantly, the indigenous people in the Ada West District are farmers and fisher folks. Most of them – peasant farmers – engage directly in the production of vegetables: onions, pepper, tomatoes and root tubers such as cassava. Majority of the youth, especially are diverting into the cultivation of water melon on large scale. This has intensified the sprinkler system of irrigation farming in the district.

Fishing is also done on a large scale. In some circumstances, when the fishing stock is perceived to be depreciating, fisher folks move towards neighboring countries such as Togo, and travel as far as Ivory Coast and Cameroon to continue their fishing expeditions. The weaving industry engages the majority of the women for sustained household income. Weaving of mats, baskets, local fans, straw bags are the common local activities of most of the rural women. There are major salt mining industries in the district. Most of these industries are private-owned and became well- established partly through partnership agreements.

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7.7. Appendix G: Deccma Ghana Stakeholders Influence-Interest Matrix In Receiving And Sending

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 55

Seri Stakeholder Type Level Areas Where Relevant Influence Interest Attended al Stakeholder workshop (Y/N) Releva Relevant to nt to Receiving Sendin Areas g Areas 1 Chair and Ranking Politician National Yes Yes 4 3 N Member, Parliamentary Select Committee on Environment, Science & Technology 2 Chair and Ranking Politician National Yes Yes 4 3 N Member, Parliamentary Select Committee on Lands and Forestry 55

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3 Chair and Ranking Politician National Yes Yes 4 3 N Member, Parliamentary Select Committee on Poverty Reduction Strategy 4 Chair and Ranking Politician National Yes Yes 4 3 N Member, Parliamentary Select Committee on Works and Housing 5 Chair and Ranking Politician National Yes Yes 4 3 N Member, Parliamentary Select Committee on Defence and Interior 6 Chair and Ranking Politician National Yes Yes 4 3 N Member, Parliamentary 56

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Select Committee on Local Government and Rural Development 7 Member of Politician National (Region) Yes Yes 5 4 N Parliament, Ada 8 Members of Politician National (Region) Yes Yes 5 4 N Parliament, Keta 9 Member of Politician National (Region) No Yes 5 4 N Parliament, South Tongu 10 Members of Politician National (Region) Yes Yes 5 4 N Parliament, North & Central Tongu 11 Member of Politician National (Region) Yes Yes 5 4 N Parliament, Ketu South 12 Member of Politician National (Region) No Yes 5 4 N Parliament, Akatsi

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South 13 Member of Politician National (Region) Yes Yes 5 4 N Parliament, Sege 14 District Chief Politician District Yes No 5 5 N Executive, Ada East 15 District Chief Politician District Yes No 5 5 Y Executive, Ada West 16 Municipal Chief Politician District Yes No 5 5 Y Executive, Keta 17 District Chief Politician District No Yes 5 5 Y Executive, South Tongu 18 District Chief Politician District Yes No 5 5 Y Executives, North & Central Tongu 19 Municipal Chief Politician District Yes No 5 5 N Executive, Ketu South

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 59

20 District Chief Politician District No Yes 5 5 Y Executive, Akatsi South 21 Ministry of Government National Yes Yes 4 4 N Fisheries and ministry, Aquaculture department Development/Fish and agency eries Commission (MDAs) 22 Ministry of Government National Yes Yes 4 4 N Agriculture ministry, department and agency (MDAs) 23 Ministry of Government National Yes Yes 3 3 N Environment, ministry, Science, department Technology and and agency Innovation (MDAs) 24 Environmental Government National Yes Yes 3 3 N Protection Agency ministry, (EPA) department 59

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 60

and agency (MDAs) 25 Ministry of Government National Yes Yes 3 4 N Tourism, Culture ministry, and Creative Arts department and agency (MDAs) 26 National Government National Yes Yes 3 3 N Development ministry, Planning department Commission and agency (MDAs) 27 Ministry of Finance Government National Yes Yes 3 2 N ministry, department and agency (MDAs) 28 Ministry of Local Government National Yes Yes 3 3 N Government and ministry, Rural department Development; and agency 60

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 61

Town and Country (MDAs) Planning Department 29 Ministry of Government National Yes Yes 3 2 N Gender, Children ministry, and Social department Protection and agency (MDAs) 30 Ministry of Water Government National Yes Yes 4 4 N Resources, Works ministry, and Housing department (WRC; Hydrology) and agency (MDAs) 31 Ministry of Energy Government National Yes Yes 3 3 N (VRA) ; Energy ministry, Commission department and agency (MDAs) 32 National Disaster Government National Yes Yes 3 3 N Management ministry, Organisation department 61

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 62

(NADMO) and agency (MDAs) 33 Ghana Statistical Government National Yes Yes 2 2 N Service/National ministry, Population Council department and agency (MDAs) 34 Ghana Climate Government National Yes Yes 3 4 N Change ministry, Committee department and agency (MDAs) 35 Forestry Government National Yes Yes 4 4 N Commission ministry, department and agency (MDAs) 36 Marine Police; Government National Yes Yes 3 3 N Ghana Navy ministry, department and agency 62

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 63

(MDAs) 37 Ghana Health Government National Yes Yes 2 3 N Service/Ministry of ministry, Health department and agency (MDAs) 38 Ada East DA District District Yes No 4 4 N Assembly 39 Ada West DA District District Yes No 4 4 Y Assembly 40 Keta Municipal District District Yes No 4 4 Y Assembly Assembly 41 North and Central District District Yes No 4 4 Y Tongu DA Assembly 42 South Tongu DA District District No Yes 4 4 Y Assembly 43 Akatsi South DA District District No Yes 4 4 Y Assembly 44 Ketu South DA District District Yes No 4 4 Y Assembly

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 64

45 District level District District Yes Yes 3 4 Y officers in charge Assembly of Environment 46 District level District District Yes Yes 3 4 N officers in charge Assembly of Water Resources 47 District level District District Yes Yes 3 4 Y officers in charge Assembly of Disaster Management 48 District level District District Yes Yes 3 4 Y officers in charge Assembly of Social Welfare 49 District level District District Yes Yes 3 4 Y officers in charge Assembly of Gender and Children 50 Assembly District District Yes Yes 4 5 N members Assembly

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 65

51 Traditional District District Yes Yes 4 5 Y Authority – House Assembly of Chiefs and Queen-mothers 52 Opinion Leaders Community Community Yes Yes 4 5 N group 53 Community Community Community Yes Yes 4 5 Y Associations and group Groups 54 Youth Community Community Yes Yes 2 4 Y group 55 Women Community Community Yes Yes 2 4 Y group 56 Fishermen Community Community Yes Yes 2 4 N group 57 Farmers Community Community Yes Yes 2 4 N group 58 Japanese Development National Yes Yes 3 4 N Government partners 59 UNDP/UNEP Development National Yes Yes 3 4 N

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 66

partners 60 Canadian Development National Yes Yes 3 4 N Embassy partners 61 UNU-INRA Development National Yes Yes 3 4 N partners 62 Netherlands Development National Yes Yes 3 4 N Embassy partners 63 FAO Development National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N partners 64 GIZ Development National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N partners 65 Danida Development National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N partners 66 French Embassy Development National Yes Yes 3 4 N partners 67 AfDB Development National Yes Yes 3 4 N partners 68 World Food Development National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N Programme partners 69 IUCN Development National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 67

(International partners Union for Conservation of Nature) 70 SNV (Netherlands Development National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N Development partners Organisation) 71 Ghana Wildlife NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N Society 72 Care International NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N 73 Ghana Red Cross NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N Society 74 H3n Mpoano NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N 75 Friends of the NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N Earth 76 Abantu for NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N Development 77 Religious Bodies NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N Network (RelBoNet)

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 68

78 Earth Service NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N 79 Peasant Farmers NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N Association 80 HATOF NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N Foundation 81 PAGE NC NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N 82 Green Earth NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N 83 ADRA Ghana NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N (Adventist Development and Relief Agency) 84 Fisheries Alliance NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N 85 Ghana National NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N Canoe Fishermen Association 86 National Fisheries NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N Association of Ghana 87 SEND Ghana NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N 88 AtiDev NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 69

89 Arocha NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N 90 The Development NGOs National/Local Yes Yes 3 4 N Institute 91 RIPS Research National Yes Yes 2 4 N Institutes 92 Institute for Research National Yes Yes 2 4 N Environment and Institutes Sanitation Studies, UG 93 Volta Basin Research National Yes Yes 2 4 N Research Project Institutes 94 Centre for African Research National Yes Yes 2 4 N Wetlands (UG) Institutes 95 Council for Research National Yes Yes 2 4 N Scientific and Institutes Industrial Research – Water Research Institute (CSIR-WRI) 96 Water Aid Research National Yes Yes 2 4 N

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 70

Institutes 97 Coastal Resources Research National Yes Yes 2 4 N Center Institutes 98 Water Resource Research National Yes Yes 2 4 N Commission Institutes 99 Dr Peter Acquah Experts National Yes Yes 2 3 N 100 Mr Seth Osafo Experts National Yes Yes 2 3 N 101 Mr William Experts National Yes Yes 2 3 N Agyemang Bonsu 102 Mr Fredua Experts National Yes Yes 2 3 N Agyemang 103 Mr Peter Dery Experts National Yes Yes 2 3 N 104 Prof Joseph Experts National Yes Yes 2 3 N Awetori Yaro 105 Mr Gerald Yiran Experts National Yes Yes 2 3 N 106 Dr Rose Mensah- Experts National Yes Yes 2 3 N Kutin 107 Dr. Emmanuel Experts National Yes Yes 2 3 N Obuobi 108 Dr. Delali Dovi Experts National Yes Yes 2 3 N

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 71

109 Ecobank Private sector National Yes Yes 2 3 N 110 Ghana Investment Private sector National Yes Yes 2 3 N Promotion Centre 111 Association of Private sector National Yes Yes 2 3 N Ghanaian Industries 112 Kumasi Institute of Private sector National Yes Yes 2 2 N Technology, Energy & Environment (KITE) 113 African Private sector National Yes Yes 2 3 N Development Bank 114 Social Security Private sector National Yes Yes 2 2 N and National Insurance Trust 115 Ghana News Media National Yes Yes 2 2 N Agency 116 Citifm Media National Yes Yes 2 2 Y 117 Local Radio Media Local Yes Yes 2 2 N

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 72

Stations (Radio Ada and Jubilee Radio) 118 Ama Kudom Media National Yes Yes 2 3 N Agyemang 119 Multimedia Group Media National Yes Yes 2 3 Y 120 Peace fm Media National Yes Yes 2 2 N 121 Radio XYZ Media National Yes Yes 2 2 N 122 UTV Media National Yes Yes 2 2 N 123 GTV/GBC Media National Yes Yes 2 2 Y 124 Daily Graphic Media National Yes Yes 2 2 Y 125 Ghanaian Times Media National Yes Yes 2 2 N 126 Ghana Media National Yes Yes 2 2 N Palaver/Pravda Radio 127 Ghana News Media National Yes Yes 2 2 Y Agency 128 African Adaptation Relevant National/District Yes Yes 1 2 N Programme Projects 129 ASSAR (Ghana Relevant National Yes Yes 1 2 Y

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping Report 73

country table) Projects 130 WASCAL Relevant National Yes Yes 2 2 N Projects

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

7.8. Appendix H: Stakeholder Engagement Strategy for the Volta Delta

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

STAKEH DETAILS WHAT FORM SPATIAL COMMUNI OLDER LEVEL CATION S MODES POLITIC Chair and Ranking Political Will National Meetings; IANS Member, Emails; Parliamentary “ Phone Select Committee calls; skits,

on Environment, audio-

Science & visuals Technology

Chair and Ranking Member, Parliamentary

Select Committee on Lands and

Forestry

Chair and Ranking

Member, Parliamentary Select Committee on Poverty

Reduction Strategy

Chair and Ranking Member,

Parliamentary Select Committee on Works and Housing

Chair and Ranking Member,

Parliamentary 75 Select Committee

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

on Defence and Interior

Chair and Ranking Member, Parliamentary

Select Committee

on Local Government and Rural Development

MP, Ada

MP, Keta

MP, South Tongu

MP, North Tongu

MP, Ketu South National/Distric t MP, Akatsi South “ MP, Sege

DCE, Dangme East

DCE, Ada West

MCE, Keta

DCE, South Tongu

DCE, North Tongu

DCE, Ketu South

DCE, Akatsi South

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

District

“

“ GOVT Ministry of Fisheries Policies, Laws National Emails; MINIST and Aquaculture Newsletters RIES/DA Development/Fisheri ; Flyers; / es Commission Meetings/W

POLICY orkshops, Ministry of ANALYS skits, audio- TS/ Agriculture visuals BUREA Policies, Laws Ministry of UCRAT Environment, S Science, Technology and Policies, Laws Innovation

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

National Implementation Development Support Services Planning on Environment Commission and Climate

Change

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

Policies, Planning Processes,

Institutional Framework,

Climate Change Mainstreaming

Ministry of Finance Data on Climate Change/Adaptatio n financing

Decentralised Planning (sub- Ministry of Local district structures Government and of town councils, Rural Development; zonal and unit Town and Country committees) Planning Department Climate Change and Budgeting

Information on Ministry of Tourism tourism sites, eco- tourism,

Policies &

regulations

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

concerning movements

Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Gender issues, Protection social welfare, vulnerable groups

Ministry of Water Resources, Works Management of and Housing (WRC; water resources, Hydrology) estuaries

Ministry of Energy (VRA) ; Energy Commission

Energy consumption, National Disaster types of energy Management available Organisation (NADMO)

Disaster risk management Ghana Statistical Service/National Population Council

Ghana Climate

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

Change Committee Demographic data

Forestry Commission

Roster of expert Marine Police; groups Ghana Navy

Ghana Health Wetland Service/Ministry of management Health

Security

Policy, information on health related issues

Dangme East DA Facilitation of District Workshops; community Radio; Ada West DA meetings Flyers, focus group Keta Municipal discussions Assembly , audio- Relevant visuals North Tongu DA background information

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

South Tongu DA (Values, Belief systems, history Akatsi South DA etc)

Ketu South DA

District level officers in charge of

Environment

Water Resources

Disaster Management

Gender and Children

Social Welfare

Assembly members Traditional Authority Partnership Community/Lo Workshops; – House of Chiefs cal Radio; and Queen-mothers Flyers, audio- Community level Opinion Leaders visuals, expertise poetry, skits Community Associations and Groups

Youth

Women

Fishermen

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

Farmers

Community members DEVELO Japanese Information on National Emails; PMENT Government similar projects Newsletters PARTNE ; Flyers; RS UNDP, Meetings

UNEP Sharing of best practices UNU-INRA

Netherlands Embassy Empowering people FAO

GIZ

Danida

French Embassy

AfDB

World Food Programme

IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature)

SNV (Netherlands Development Organisation)

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

NGOS Ghana Wildlife National Meetings; Society Emails; Phone Care International calls; District Flyers; Ghana Red Cross Newsletters Society

H3n Mpoano Community

Friends of the Earth

Abantu for Development

Religious Bodies Network (RelBoNet)

Earth Service

Peasant Farmers Association

HATOF Foundation

PAGE NC

Green Earth

ADRA Ghana (Adventist Development and Relief Agency)

Fisheries Alliance

Ghana National Canoe Fishermen

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

Association

National Fisheries Association of Ghana

SEND Ghana

AtiDev

Arocha

The Development Institute RESEA RIPS National Meetings; RCH Emails; GROUP Volta Basin Newsletters S Research Project

Centre for African Wetlands (UG)

Council for Scientific and Industrial Research – Water Research Institute (CSIR-WRI)

Water Aid

Coastal Resources Center

Water Resource Commission EXPERT Dr Peter Acquah Expert advice on Individual Meetings; S Climate Change, Emails;

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

Mr Seth Osafo Adaptation, Phone calls Gender, Migration, Mr William Agyemang Bonsu

Mr Fredua Agyemang

Mr Peter Dery

Prof Joseph Yaro

Mr Gerald Yiran

Dr Rose Mensah- Kutin

Dr. Emmanuel Obuobi

Dr. Delali Dovie BUSINE Ecobank Finance and National Emails; SS Financing Newsletters GP/PRIV Ghana Investment Information ; Flyers; ATE Promotion Centre Meetings, SECTO proposals, Association of R powerpoint Ghanaian Industries presentatio

Kumasi Institute of n, audio- Technology, Energy visuals & Environment (KITE)

African Development Bank

Social Security and

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

National Insurance Trust Media Ghana News Information & National, Emails; (print Agency, Dissemination regional and Phone and community calls; electroni Citifm, radio Meetings; c) Flyers, Local Radio Station Workshops, (Ada and Jubilee) Social

Ama Kudom media, talk Agyemang shows or technical Multimedia Group discussions

Peace fm

Radio XYZ

UTV

GTV/GBC

Daily Graphic

Ghanaian Times

Ghana Palaver/Pravda Radio OTHER African Adaptation Information, best National; Emails; S Programme practices Ended project Meetings

ASSAR (Cross- National; consortia/country Current project table collaboration in Ghana) National; Current

Appendices WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

WASCAL programme

References WP 1 - Stakeholder Mapping for Adaptation in Deltas

8. References

Hargrove, R., 2002. Masterful Coaching. Revised Edition. Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer, Wiley, USA.

Overseas Development Administration (ODA) 1995. Guidance Note on How to do Stakeholder Analysis of Aid Projects and Programmes. Social Development Department, http://www.euforic.org/gb/stake1.htm [Accessed 28.10.2010]

Pahl-Wostl, C., 2009. A conceptual framework for analysing adaptive capacity and multi-level learning processes in resource governance regimes. Global Environmental Change 19, 354-365.

Reed, M.S., Graves, A., Dandy, N., Posthumus, H., Hubacek, K., Morris, J., Prell, C., Quinn, C.H., Stringer, L.C., 2009. Who’s in and why? A typology of stakeholder analysis methods for natural resource management. Journal of Environmental Management 90, 1933 – 1949.

Contributing Partner Institutions

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)

Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India

Centre for Environment and Development, India

Chilika Development Authority, Orrisa, India

University of Ghana