Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge -- Reptiles

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge -- Reptiles ALLIGATORIDAE American Alligator Alligator mississippiensis EMYDIDAE Red-eared Slider Chrysemys scripta elegans TRIONYCHIDAE Texas Spiny Softshell Apalone spinifera emoryi TESTUDINIDAE Texas Tortoise Gopherus berlandieri KINOSTERNIDAE Yellow Mud Turtle Kinosternon flavescens POLYCHROTIDAE Green Anole Anolis carolinensis Brown Anole Anolis sagrei TEIIDAE Texas Spotted Whiptail Cnemidophorus gularis gularis Laredo Striped Whiptail Cnemidophorus laredoensis Prairie Racerunner Cnemidophorus sexlineatus viridis GEKKONIDAE Texas Banded Gecko Coleonyx brevis PHRYNOSOMATIDAE Texas Earless Lizard Cophosaurus texanus texanus Keeled Earless Lizard Holbrookia popinqua Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum Mesquite Lizard Sceloporus grammicus Texas Spiny Lizard Sceloporus olivaceus Blue Spiny Sceloporus cyanogenys Southern Prairie Lizard Sceloporus undulatus consobrinus Rosebelly Lizard Sceloporus variabilis marmoratus CROTAPHYTIDAE Reticulate Collared Lizard Crotaphytus reticulatus SCINCIDAE Great Plains Skink Eumeces obsoletus Four-lined Skink Eumeces tetragrammus Ground Skink Scincella lateralis EUBLEPHARIDAE Mediterranean Gecko Hemidactylus turcicus LEPTOTYPHLOPIDAE Plains Blind Snake Leptotyphlops dulcis dulcis COLUBRIDAE Texas Glossy Snake Arizona elegans arenicola Mexican Racer Coluber constrictor Black-Striped Snake Coniophanes imperialis imperialis Texas Indigo Snake Drymarchon corais erebennus Speckled Racer Drymobius m. margaritiferus Great Plains Rat Snake Elaphe guttata emoryi Mexican Hooknose Snake Ficimia streckeri Mexican Hognose Snake Heterodon nasicus kennerlyi Texas Night Snake Hypsiglena torquata jani Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getulus splendida Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida Mexican Milk Snake Lampropeltis triangulum annulata Western Coachwhip Mastecophis flagellum testaceus Striped Whipsnake Masticophis taeniatus Diamondback Water Snake Nerodia rhombifer rhombifer Rough Green Snake Opheodrys aestivus Bullsnake Pituophis catenifer sayi Texas Longnose Snake Rhinocheilus lecontei tessellatus Texas Patchnose Snake Salvadora grahamiae lineata Texas Brown Snake Storeria dekayi texana Plains Blackhead Snake Tantilla nigriceps Checkered Garter Snake Thamnophis marcianus marcianus Western Ribbon Snake Thamnophis proximus ELAPIDAE Texas Coral Snake Micrurus fulvius tener VIPERIDAE Western diamondback rattlesnake Crotalus atrox .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Extreme Miniaturization of a New Amniote Vertebrate and Insights Into the Evolution of Genital Size in Chameleons
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Extreme miniaturization of a new amniote vertebrate and insights into the evolution of genital size in chameleons Frank Glaw1*, Jörn Köhler2, Oliver Hawlitschek3, Fanomezana M. Ratsoavina4, Andolalao Rakotoarison4, Mark D. Scherz5 & Miguel Vences6 Evolutionary reduction of adult body size (miniaturization) has profound consequences for organismal biology and is an important subject of evolutionary research. Based on two individuals we describe a new, extremely miniaturized chameleon, which may be the world’s smallest reptile species. The male holotype of Brookesia nana sp. nov. has a snout–vent length of 13.5 mm (total length 21.6 mm) and has large, apparently fully developed hemipenes, making it apparently the smallest mature male amniote ever recorded. The female paratype measures 19.2 mm snout–vent length (total length 28.9 mm) and a micro-CT scan revealed developing eggs in the body cavity, likewise indicating sexual maturity. The new chameleon is only known from a degraded montane rainforest in northern Madagascar and might be threatened by extinction. Molecular phylogenetic analyses place it as sister to B. karchei, the largest species in the clade of miniaturized Brookesia species, for which we resurrect Evoluticauda Angel, 1942 as subgenus name. The genetic divergence of B. nana sp. nov. is rather strong (9.9‒14.9% to all other Evoluticauda species in the 16S rRNA gene). A comparative study of genital length in Malagasy chameleons revealed a tendency for the smallest chameleons to have the relatively largest hemipenes, which might be a consequence of a reversed sexual size dimorphism with males substantially smaller than females in the smallest species.
[Show full text]
Other Contributions
Other Contributions NATURE NOTES Amphibia: Caudata Ambystoma ordinarium. Predation by a Black-necked Gartersnake (Thamnophis cyrtopsis). The Michoacán Stream Salamander (Ambystoma ordinarium) is a facultatively paedomorphic ambystomatid species. Paedomorphic adults and larvae are found in montane streams, while metamorphic adults are terrestrial, remaining near natal streams (Ruiz-Martínez et al., 2014). Streams inhabited by this species are immersed in pine, pine-oak, and fir for- ests in the central part of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Luna-Vega et al., 2007). All known localities where A. ordinarium has been recorded are situated between the vicinity of Lake Patzcuaro in the north-central portion of the state of Michoacan and Tianguistenco in the western part of the state of México (Ruiz-Martínez et al., 2014). This species is considered Endangered by the IUCN (IUCN, 2015), is protected by the government of Mexico, under the category Pr (special protection) (AmphibiaWeb; accessed 1April 2016), and Wilson et al. (2013) scored it at the upper end of the medium vulnerability level. Data available on the life history and biology of A. ordinarium is restricted to the species description (Taylor, 1940), distribution (Shaffer, 1984; Anderson and Worthington, 1971), diet composition (Alvarado-Díaz et al., 2002), phylogeny (Weisrock et al., 2006) and the effect of habitat quality on diet diversity (Ruiz-Martínez et al., 2014). We did not find predation records on this species in the literature, and in this note we present information on a predation attack on an adult neotenic A. ordinarium by a Thamnophis cyrtopsis. On 13 July 2010 at 1300 h, while conducting an ecological study of A.
[Show full text]
Herpetological Information Service No
Type Descriptions and Type Publications OF HoBART M. Smith, 1933 through June 1999 Ernest A. Liner Houma, Louisiana smithsonian herpetological information service no. 127 2000 SMITHSONIAN HERPETOLOGICAL INFORMATION SERVICE The SHIS series publishes and distributes translations, bibliographies, indices, and similar items judged useful to individuals interested in the biology of amphibians and reptiles, but unlikely to be published in the normal technical journals. Single copies are distributed free to interested individuals. Libraries, herpetological associations, and research laboratories are invited to exchange their publications with the Division of Amphibians and Reptiles. We wish to encourage individuals to share their bibliographies, translations, etc. with other herpetologists through the SHIS series. If you have such items please contact George Zug for instructions on preparation and submission. Contributors receive 50 free copies. Please address all requests for copies and inquiries to George Zug, Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 20560 USA. Please include a self-addressed mailing label with requests. Introduction Hobart M. Smith is one of herpetology's most prolific autiiors. As of 30 June 1999, he authored or co-authored 1367 publications covering a range of scholarly and popular papers dealing with such diverse subjects as taxonomy, life history, geographical distribution, checklists, nomenclatural problems, bibliographies, herpetological coins, anatomy, comparative anatomy textbooks, pet books, book reviews, abstracts, encyclopedia entries, prefaces and forwords as well as updating volumes being repnnted. The checklists of the herpetofauna of Mexico authored with Dr. Edward H. Taylor are legendary as is the Synopsis of the Herpetofalhva of Mexico coauthored with his late wife, Rozella B.
[Show full text]
Xenosaurus Tzacualtipantecus. the Zacualtipán Knob-Scaled Lizard Is Endemic to the Sierra Madre Oriental of Eastern Mexico
Xenosaurus tzacualtipantecus. The Zacualtipán knob-scaled lizard is endemic to the Sierra Madre Oriental of eastern Mexico. This medium-large lizard (female holotype measures 188 mm in total length) is known only from the vicinity of the type locality in eastern Hidalgo, at an elevation of 1,900 m in pine-oak forest, and a nearby locality at 2,000 m in northern Veracruz (Woolrich- Piña and Smith 2012). Xenosaurus tzacualtipantecus is thought to belong to the northern clade of the genus, which also contains X. newmanorum and X. platyceps (Bhullar 2011). As with its congeners, X. tzacualtipantecus is an inhabitant of crevices in limestone rocks. This species consumes beetles and lepidopteran larvae and gives birth to living young. The habitat of this lizard in the vicinity of the type locality is being deforested, and people in nearby towns have created an open garbage dump in this area. We determined its EVS as 17, in the middle of the high vulnerability category (see text for explanation), and its status by the IUCN and SEMAR- NAT presently are undetermined. This newly described endemic species is one of nine known species in the monogeneric family Xenosauridae, which is endemic to northern Mesoamerica (Mexico from Tamaulipas to Chiapas and into the montane portions of Alta Verapaz, Guatemala). All but one of these nine species is endemic to Mexico. Photo by Christian Berriozabal-Islas. amphibian-reptile-conservation.org 01 June 2013 | Volume 7 | Number 1 | e61 Copyright: © 2013 Wilson et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Com- mons Attribution–NonCommercial–NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License, which permits unrestricted use for non-com- Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 7(1): 1–47.
[Show full text]
For Creative Minds
For Creative Minds The For Creative Minds educational section may be photocopied or printed from our website by the owner of this book for educational, non-commercial uses. Cross-curricular teaching activities, interactive quizzes, and more are available online. Go to www.ArbordalePublishing.com and click on the book’s cover to explore all the links. Diurnal or Nocturnal Animals that are active during the day and asleep at night are diurnal. Animals that are active at night and asleep during the day are nocturnal. Read the following sentences and look for clues to determine if the animal is diurnal or nocturnal. A large dog sneaks up on The garter snake passes the skunk in the dark of the morning hunting night. The skunk stamps and basking in the warm her feet and throws her sunlight. If a predator tail up in the air. She arrives, he will hide his gives the other animal a head under some leaves warning before spraying. and flail his tail until it goes away. This bluebird is a The bright afternoon sun helpful garden bird. He helps this high-flying spends his days eating red-tailed hawk search insects off the plants and for her next meal. She defending his territory can see a grasshopper from other birds. from more than 200 feet (61m) away! As night falls, a small, The barn owl sweeps flying beetle with a over the field under glowing abdomen the dark night sky. emerges. She flashes her He flies slowly and light to signal to other silently, scanning the fireflies to come out.
[Show full text]
Multi-National Conservation of Alligator Lizards
MULTI-NATIONAL CONSERVATION OF ALLIGATOR LIZARDS: APPLIED SOCIOECOLOGICAL LESSONS FROM A FLAGSHIP GROUP by ADAM G. CLAUSE (Under the Direction of John Maerz) ABSTRACT The Anthropocene is defined by unprecedented human influence on the biosphere. Integrative conservation recognizes this inextricable coupling of human and natural systems, and mobilizes multiple epistemologies to seek equitable, enduring solutions to complex socioecological issues. Although a central motivation of global conservation practice is to protect at-risk species, such organisms may be the subject of competing social perspectives that can impede robust interventions. Furthermore, imperiled species are often chronically understudied, which prevents the immediate application of data-driven quantitative modeling approaches in conservation decision making. Instead, real-world management goals are regularly prioritized on the basis of expert opinion. Here, I explore how an organismal natural history perspective, when grounded in a critique of established human judgements, can help resolve socioecological conflicts and contextualize perceived threats related to threatened species conservation and policy development. To achieve this, I leverage a multi-national system anchored by a diverse, enigmatic, and often endangered New World clade: alligator lizards. Using a threat analysis and status assessment, I show that one recent petition to list a California alligator lizard, Elgaria panamintina, under the US Endangered Species Act often contradicts the best available science.
[Show full text]
Bibliography and Scientific Name Index to Amphibians
lb BIBLIOGRAPHY AND SCIENTIFIC NAME INDEX TO AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES IN THE PUBLICATIONS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON BULLETIN 1-8, 1918-1988 AND PROCEEDINGS 1-100, 1882-1987 fi pp ERNEST A. LINER Houma, Louisiana SMITHSONIAN HERPETOLOGICAL INFORMATION SERVICE NO. 92 1992 SMITHSONIAN HERPETOLOGICAL INFORMATION SERVICE The SHIS series publishes and distributes translations, bibliographies, indices, and similar items judged useful to individuals interested in the biology of amphibians and reptiles, but unlikely to be published in the normal technical journals. Single copies are distributed free to interested individuals. Libraries, herpetological associations, and research laboratories are invited to exchange their publications with the Division of Amphibians and Reptiles. We wish to encourage individuals to share their bibliographies, translations, etc. with other herpetologists through the SHIS series. If you have such items please contact George Zug for instructions on preparation and submission. Contributors receive 50 free copies. Please address all requests for copies and inquiries to George Zug, Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 20560 USA. Please include a self-addressed mailing label with requests. INTRODUCTION The present alphabetical listing by author (s) covers all papers bearing on herpetology that have appeared in Volume 1-100, 1882-1987, of the Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington and the four numbers of the Bulletin series concerning reference to amphibians and reptiles. From Volume 1 through 82 (in part) , the articles were issued as separates with only the volume number, page numbers and year printed on each. Articles in Volume 82 (in part) through 89 were issued with volume number, article number, page numbers and year.
[Show full text]
Checklist Reptile and Amphibian
To report sightings, contact: Natural Resources Coordinator 980-314-1119 www.parkandrec.com REPTILE AND AMPHIBIAN CHECKLIST Mecklenburg County, NC: 66 species Mole Salamanders ☐ Pickerel Frog ☐ Ground Skink (Scincella lateralis) ☐ Spotted Salamander (Rana (Lithobates) palustris) Whiptails (Ambystoma maculatum) ☐ Southern Leopard Frog ☐ Six-lined Racerunner ☐ Marbled Salamander (Rana (Lithobates) sphenocephala (Aspidoscelis sexlineata) (Ambystoma opacum) (sphenocephalus)) Nonvenomous Snakes Lungless Salamanders Snapping Turtles ☐ Eastern Worm Snake ☐ Dusky Salamander (Desmognathus fuscus) ☐ Common Snapping Turtle (Carphophis amoenus) ☐ Southern Two-lined Salamander (Chelydra serpentina) ☐ Scarlet Snake1 (Cemophora coccinea) (Eurycea cirrigera) Box and Water Turtles ☐ Black Racer (Coluber constrictor) ☐ Three-lined Salamander ☐ Northern Painted Turtle ☐ Ring-necked Snake (Eurycea guttolineata) (Chrysemys picta) (Diadophis punctatus) ☐ Spring Salamander ☐ Spotted Turtle2, 6 (Clemmys guttata) ☐ Corn Snake (Pantherophis guttatus) (Gyrinophilus porphyriticus) ☐ River Cooter (Pseudemys concinna) ☐ Rat Snake (Pantherophis alleghaniensis) ☐ Slimy Salamander (Plethodon glutinosus) ☐ Eastern Box Turtle (Terrapene carolina) ☐ Eastern Hognose Snake ☐ Mud Salamander (Pseudotriton montanus) ☐ Yellow-bellied Slider (Trachemys scripta) (Heterodon platirhinos) ☐ Red Salamander (Pseudotriton ruber) ☐ Red-eared Slider3 ☐ Mole Kingsnake Newts (Trachemys scripta elegans) (Lampropeltis calligaster) ☐ Red-spotted Newt Mud and Musk Turtles ☐ Eastern Kingsnake
[Show full text]
Wildlife Spotting Along the Thames
WILDLIFE SPOTTING ALONG THE THAMES Wildlife along the Thames is plentiful, making it a great location for birding. Bald Eagles and Osprey are regularly seen nesting and feeding along the river. Many larger birds utilize the Thames for habitat and feeding, including Red Tailed Hawks, Red Shoulder Hawks, Kestrels, King Fishers, Turkey Vultures, Wild Turkeys, Canada Geese, Blue Herons, Mallard Ducks, Black and Wood Ducks. Several species of owl have also been recorded in, such as the Barred Owl, Barn Owl, Great Horned Owl and even the Snowy Owl. Large migratory birds such as Cormorants, Tundra Swans, Great Egret, Common Merganser and Common Loon move through the watershed during spring and fall. The Thames watershed also contains one of Canada’s most diverse fish communities. Over 90 fish species have been recorded (more than half of Ontario’s fish species). Sport fishing is popular throughout the watershed, with popular species being: Rock Bass, Smallmouth Bass, Largemouth Bass, Walleye, Yellow Perch, White Perch, Crappie, Sunfish, Northern Pike, Grass Pickerel, Muskellunge, Longnose Gar, Salmon, Brown Trout, Brook Trout, Rainbow Trout, Channel Catfish, Barbot and Redhorse Sucker. Many mammals utilize the Thames River and the surrounding environment. White-tailed Deer, Muskrat, Beaver, Rabbit, Weasel, Groundhog, Chipmunk, Possum, Grey Squirrel, Flying Squirrel, Little Brown Bats, Raccoon, Coyote, Red Fox and - although very rare - Cougar and Black Bear have been recorded. Reptiles and amphibians in the watershed include Newts and Sinks, Garter Snake, Ribbon Snake, Foxsnake, Rat Snake, Spotted Turtle, Map Turtle, Painted Turtle, Snapping Turtle and Spiny Softshell Turtle. Some of the wildlife species found along the Thames are endangered making it vital to respect and not disrupt their sensitive habitat areas.
[Show full text]
ISSN 2330-6025 SWCHR BULLETIN Published Quarterly by the SOUTHWESTERN CENTER for HERPETOLOGICAL RESEARCH (SWCHR) P.O
ISSN 2330-6025 SWCHR BULLETIN Published Quarterly by THE SOUTHWESTERN CENTER FOR HERPETOLOGICAL RESEARCH (SWCHR) P.O. Box 624 Seguin TX 78156 www.southwesternherp.com ISSN 2330-6025 OFFICERS 2010-2012 COMMITTEE CHAIRS PRESIDENT COMMITTEE ON COMMON AND Tom Lott SCIENTIFIC NAMES Tom Lott VICE PRESIDENT Todd Hughes RANGE MAP COMMITTEE Tom Lott SECRETARY AWARDS AND GRANTS COMMITTEE Diego Ortiz (vacant) EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE Gerald Keown Gerald Keown BOARD MEMBERS ACTIVITIES AND EVENTS COMMITTEE Toby Brock Diego Ortiz Riley Campbell NOMINATIONS COMMITTEE Hans Koenig Gerald Keown EDITORIAL STAFF EDUCATION COMMITTEE (vacant) EDITOR Chris McMartin MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE Toby Brock TECHNICAL EDITOR Linda Butler CONSERVATION COMMITTEE (vacant) ABOUT SWCHR Originally founded by Gerald Keown in 2007, SWCHR is a Texas non-profit association created under the provisions of the Texas Uniform Unincorporated Non-Profit Association Act, Chapter 252 of the Texas Business Organizations Code, governed by a board of directors and dedicated to promoting education of the Association’s members and the general public relating to the natural history, biology, taxonomy, conservation and preservation needs, field studies, and captive propagation of the herpetofauna indigenous to the American Southwest. SWCHR BULLETIN 1 Fall 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS A Message from the President, Tom Lott . 2 Upcoming Event: Sanderson Snake Days . 3 Summary of July 17, 2011 Board Meeting, Gerald Keown . 4 TPWD Reptile & Amphibian Stamp FAQ, Scott Vaca . .6 Amended Texas Parks and Wildlife Code Pertaining to Reptiles and Amphibians, with Commentary by Dr. Andy Gluesenkamp. 8 An Annotated Checklist of the Snakes of Atascosa County, Texas, Tom Lott . 10 2011 Third Quarter Photographs of the Month .
[Show full text]
Ficimia Publia Cope 1866 (Squamata: Colubridae): First Record for the Herpetofauna of Michoacán, México
ISSN 0065-1737 (NUEVA SERIE) 32(1) 2016 Nota Científica (Short Communication) FICIMIA PUBLIA COPE 1866 (SQUAMATA: COLUBRIDAE): FIRST RECORD FOR THE HERPETOFAUNA OF MICHOACÁN, MÉXICO Recibido: 21/04/2015; aceptado: 09/02/2016 Torres-Pérez-Coeto, J., Alvarado-Díaz, J., Suazo-Ortuño, I. & cía & Valtierra-Azotla (1996) noted its occurrence on Wilson, L. D. 2016. Ficimia publia (Squamata: Colubridae): Pri- the Pacific coastal region of Jalisco, and Castro-Franco mer registro para la herpetofauna de Michoacán, México. Acta & Bustos-Zagal (2004) reported it for the first time in Zoológica Mexicana (n. s.), 31(2): 123-125. Morelos. Presently, the known distribution of F. publia RESUMEN. Se reporta el primer registro de la serpiente Ficimia pu- ranges from northern Veracruz on the east, Puebla and blia para el Estado de Michoacán, México, ampliando su rango cono- Morelos in central Mexico, and southern Jalisco on the cido de distribución. west, southward to Guerrero, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Chiapas, the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico and Central America, south-central Guatemala, and northwestern Honduras The genus Ficimia Gray 1849 contains seven species of (McCranie 2011). Locations where F. publia have been small secretive colubrid snakes, all of which are consid- registered were found below 1500 m elevation (mostly ered rare (Hardy 1975; Mendoza & Smith 1993). The in- below 1000 m elev.) in a variety of vegetation forma- cluded species are: F. hardyi, F. olivacea, F. publia, F. tions from tropical wet forests through subtropical dry ruspator, F. ramirezi, F. streckeri, and F. variegata. The forests (Hardy 1980; Wilson & Johnson. 2010). There is genus Ficimia is diagnosed by the presence of a rostral a distributional gap in the range of this species on the Pa- scale contacting the frontal and smooth dorsal scales in cific lowlands of Mexico between Jalisco and Guerrero 17 rows at midbody.
[Show full text]
Reptiles and Amphibians of Lamanai Outpost Lodge, Belize
Reptiles and Amphibians of the Lamanai Outpost Lodge, Orange Walk District, Belize Ryan L. Lynch, Mike Rochford, Laura A. Brandt and Frank J. Mazzotti University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center; 3205 College Avenue; Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33314 All pictures taken by RLL: [email protected] and MR: [email protected] Vaillant’s Frog Rio Grande Leopard Frog Common Mexican Treefrog Rana vaillanti Rana berlandieri Smilisca baudinii Veined Treefrog Red Eyed Treefrog Stauffer’s Treefrog Phrynohyas venulosa Agalychnis callidryas Scinax staufferi White-lipped Frog Fringe-toed Foam Frog Fringe-toed Foam Frog Leptodactylus labialis Leptodactylus melanonotus Leptodactylus melanonotus 1 Reptiles and Amphibians of the Lamanai Outpost Lodge, Orange Walk District, Belize Ryan L. Lynch, Mike Rochford, Laura A. Brandt and Frank J. Mazzotti University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center; 3205 College Avenue; Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33314 All pictures taken by RLL: [email protected] and MR: [email protected] Tungara Frog Marine Toad Gulf Coast Toad Physalaemus pustulosus Bufo marinus Bufo valliceps Sheep Toad House Gecko Dwarf Bark Gecko Hypopachus variolosus Hemidactylus frenatus Shaerodactylus millepunctatus Turnip-tailed Gecko Yucatan Banded Gecko Yucatan Banded Gecko Thecadactylus rapicaudus Coleonyx elegans Coleonyx elegans 2 Reptiles and Amphibians of the Lamanai Outpost Lodge, Orange Walk District, Belize Ryan L. Lynch, Mike Rochford, Laura A. Brandt and Frank J. Mazzotti University
[Show full text]