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TITLE DOCUMENT RESUME Becher,, Edward M. American DOCUMENT RESUME ED- 153-165= CG 012 573 Becher,, Edward M. TITLE Treatment, Programs for Sex Offenders. INSTITUTION American Correctional Association, College Park, lid. SPOILS AGENCY National Inst. of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice (Dept. of Justice/LEAA) , Washington, D.C. RUB DATE Jan 78 GRANT 75-NI-99-0125 NOTE 112p. AVAILABLE FROM Superintendent cf Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office; Washington, L.C. 20402 (Stock number 027-000-00591-8) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 HC-$6.,01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Aggression; Community Involvement; Correctional Rehabilitation -;*Corrective Institutions; *Criminals; Program Descriptions; *Rage; *Rehabilitation Programs; Sexuality; Socially Deviant Behavior IDENTIFIERS *Sex Offenders ABSTRACT This survey report presents information or 20 treatment programs in 12 states which are directly concerned with the existing sexual problems and future behavior of correctional inmates, probationers, and parolees. Three additional programs which are no longer in oglration, but have considerable historical interest, are also described. The programs reviewed fall into two broad categories: institutions, mental hospitals, or special institutions for sex offenders; and community-based programs fcr offenders (including probationers and parolees) living in the community. No attempt is made to evaluate each program individually, cr to rank them comparatively. Rather, report recommendations call attention to the -wide range of alternatives being explored, and from which those planning to launch additional prograTis can lake a selection appropriate to their problems, goals, and resources. Excluded from this_survey is a wide range of treatment programs, both institutional and community, which are available to offenders generally, including sex offenders, but whiCh are not tailoted to- the specifically sexual problems of sex offenders. Appended material includes descriptions of nine additional treatment programs, an evaluation of sex offender treatment programs, and a state-by-state list cf directors of treatment programs for sex offenders. A list of bibliographic references is proirided. (Author) *************************************4********************************* Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *************************************4********************************* IIIIM=11111/ TREATMENT PROGRAMS FOR SEX OFFENDERS = = = AIM 0 41k Amor" 41Ip U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION IL WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO. DUCE° EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM National Institute of I aw Enforcement and ,Criminal Justice THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN!! ATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS Law Enforcement Assistance Administration STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY- REPRE SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL. INSTITUTE OF United States Department of Justice EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY 2 TREATMENT PROGRAMS FOR SEX OFFENDERS By EDWARD M. BRECHER' This project was supported by Grant No. 75NI-99-0125 awarded to the American Correctional- Association by -the National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice, -Law Enforcement Assistance Adminis- tration, U.S. Department of- Justice, under the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as amended. Points of view or opinions stated in this document are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. January 1978 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE LAW- ENFORCEMENT ASSISTANCE ADMINISTRATION U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE 3 NATIONALINSTITUTE OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE Blair G. Ewing, Acting Director LAW ENFORCEMENT ASSISTANCE ADMINISTRATION James M. H. Gregg, Acting Administrator For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S Government Printing Office Washington,D.C.20402 Stock Number 027 - 000 - 00591 -8 CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii PART I.GENERAL CONMERATIONS 1 1.1.Scope of This Survey 1,- 1.2."Sex Fiends" vs Sex Offenders 2 L3. The Common Sex Offenses 3 1.4.Impact of New Public Policies Toward Sex 5 1.5.Therapeutic Models 7 1.6."New DirectionsinTreatment" 7 1.7.Why Provide Treatment?.... ...... , .. ....... ...... ....... 9 1.8.Types of Treatment Programs 10 1.9.The Need for Statewide Planning 11 PART H. FIVE INNOVATIVE PROGRAMS 13 A. The Fort Steilacoom Program 13 2.1.First Impressions 13 22.History of Program 17 2.3.Basic Theory of the Program 18 2.4.Some Program Details 19 2.5.Some ShOrtcomings 21 B. The South Florida Program 22 2.6.Origins .......................... .. ......22 2.7.Social Role of the South Florida Offender 2.8.Aftercare 24' 2.9.Miscellaneous Comments 25 C. The Santa Clara County Program 25 2.10. The Incest Problem 25 2.11. Some Preliminary Lessons 26 2.12. Current Procedures 27 2.13. Role of the Courts and Correctional System 29 2.14. Role of "Parents United" 30 2.15 Successes and Failures- 32 D. Program for Juvenile Sex Offenders, Seattle 33 2.16. Juvenile Rapists and Child Molesters 33 2.17. Need for a Juvenile Treatment Program 36 E. The Albuquerque Program 36 2.18. Origins 36 2.19. -Goals 37 2.20. Strengths and Weaknesses 38 Page PART III.FOUR OTHER INSTITUTIONAL PROGRAMS 39 3.1.The _NorwalkProgram(1948-1954) 39 3.2.The Atascadero Program 41 3.3.The Adult3Diagnostic and Treatment Center, Avenel, New Jersey 43 3.4.Minnesota Security Hospital (St. Peter) Programs 45 PART IV.FIVE OTHER COMMUNITY-BASED PROGRAMS 48 4.1.Individual Court Arrangements 48 4.2.Center for Rape Concern, Philadelphia 49 4.3.Castration and Reversible ChemicalCastration 52 4.4.Phipps Clinic Program, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 53 4.5."Behavior Modification," "Aversive Conditioniag," "Brain-wash- ing," and "Human Experimentation Without Consent" 54 4.6.Program at the University of TennesseeTennessee Psychiatric Hospital and Institute, Memphis 55 4.7.The Center for Behavior Modification, Minneapolis, Minnesota 58 4.8.The SOANON Program, Van Nuys, California 59 PART V. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 61 5.1.The Need for Statewide Planning 61 5.2.Planning for Juvenile Sex Offenders 62 5.3.Planning for Sex Offender "Volunteers" 62 5.4.Planning for Nuisance Offenders 63 5.5.Planning for,the Serious Offenders on Probation 64 5.6.Planning for Serious Offenders Incarcerated for Treatment in State Mental Hospitals 65 5.7.Planning for Serious Offenders Incarcerated for Treatment in Me- dium-Security and Minimum-Security Correctional Institutions- 65 5.8.Planning for Serious Offenders Incarcerated for Long Termsin Maximum-Security Correctional Institutions 66 5.9.Planning for Sex Offenders on Pa_ roie 66 5.10. Modernizing the Criminal Laws 66 5.11. Improving Sentencing Procedures 67 5.12. Release Provisions 68 5.13. The Funding of Treatment Programs 69 5.14. The Staffing of Treatment Programs 70 5.15. Geographical Considerations 70 5.16. Program Size 71 5.17. A Look Backwardand Ahead 71 APPENDIX A.NINE ADDITIONAL TREATMENT PROGRAMS 73 A.1. Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Sexually Dangerous Offenders, Bridgewater, Massachusetts 73 A.Z. The Florida state Hospital (Chattahoochie) Program 74 A.3. Patton State Hospital (California) Program 76 A.4. The Wisconsin Program (1951-1970) 77 A.5. The Colorado State Reformatory (Buena Vista) Program 79 A.6. The New Jersey State Prison (Trenton) Program 80 Page A.7. Outpatient Treatment Clinic for Special Offenders, Baltimore, Mary- land 81 A.8. Program of-the University of Southern California-Institute of-Psychia- try and the Law, Los Angeles 82 A.9. The Denver Program (1974-1976) 83 APPENDIX B.EVALUATION OF SEX OFFENDER' TREATMENTPRO- GRAMS-by-Daniel-Glaser, Ph.D., U_ niversity of Southern California. 85 B.1. Problems of- Evaluation 85 B2. Goals and Statistical Indicators of Their Attainment 85 B.3.Desirable and Feasible Evaluation Research Designs- 87 BA. Controlled Experiments 88 B.5. Employing Comparison Groups B.6.Differences That Make a Difference :89 B.7. Who Should Evaluate Whom? . APPENDIX- C.DIRECTORS OF TREATMENT PROGRAMS FOR SEX OFFENDERS 93 BIBLIOGRAPfIY 95 7 ABSTRACT What should be done about sex offenders after they have been sentenced and turned over to the correctional system? Nothing in particular is being done about the vast majority of them and little or no attention is being paid to the particular factors which made these men sex offenders.--=and-1,vhich may (or may not) lead them to commit futuresex offenses. There are, however, some notable exceptions. Thissurvey report presents information on 20 treatment programs in llstates whichare directly concerned with the existing sexual problems and future behavior of correctional inmates, probation- ers, and parolees. Three additional programs which are no longer in operation, but have considerable historical interest, are also described. Theprograms reviewed fall into two broad categories: institutions, mental hospitals,or special institutions for sex offenders; and community-based programs for offenders (including- proba- tioners and parolees) living in the community. No attempt is made-to evaluate each program individually, or to-rank them comparatively. Rather,report recom- mendations call attention to the wide range of alternatives being- explored, and from which- those planning to launch additional programscan Make a- selection appropriate to their problems, goals, and resources. Excluded from thissurvey are a wide range of treatment programs, both institutional and community, which are available to offenders generally, including sex offenders,
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