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President's Communique Glover Harrison and China Hall: Majolica Butters, Five O'Clock Teas and Tete-ll-Tete Sets ... Ellen Blaubergs Press Cuttings The Amerindian Discovery of Europe: Accounts of First Contact in Anishinabeg Oral Tradition ... D. Peter MacLeod 11 Members Correspondence 16 NIAGARA: AN INTERPRET AnON ... John Steckley 17 Announcing: Heritage Act Postcard Campaign ... Christine Caroppo 23 Digging Without a Degree; Understanding the Nature of the Silent Mexican Archaeologist: Zygogemys trichopus ... William M. Carter 25 An Older Age for the Japanese Early Palaeolithic ... Lorenz W. Briichert 33 From the O.A.S. Office ... Charles Garrad 34 O.A.S. Chapters 39 O.A.S. Provincial Officers 40 newsletter published by lrlh® Oll1it@lU'O©AU'~Ih@l®@~@@k~@l~S©~o®it'¥ ~1l1~, 126 Willowdale Avenue, Willowdale, Ontario, M2N 4Y2 ARqf:!c NOTES.) Published six times per annumJjy THB.QNTARIO ARC~Ij,OLOGICN?~P.S:IBTY 176Willowdale.<,\venue, •WillpjY9We· . Onta.riOM2N 4Y2 .. Publications Mail Regist~~.tigh) ReturnN~i~:~..~~teJC Cedarcroft, R.R. #4 MarkdaJe, Ontario NOC tHO (519) 986·4026 Greetings once again from the OAS Office. Now to the good news. 1 am very pleased to Quite a number of things have occurred in the report that our application for funding from past two months about which you should all the MacLean Foundation for the OA know. Endowment Fund was successful. We have The first is bad news. For personal reasons, been sent a cheque for $6,000.00. This sum Mr. Lawrence Jackson has resigned from the pushed us nearly over the magical figure of Board of Directors. The Board accepted his $20,000.00 so the Ministry replied with a resignation with reluctance and much regret. cheque for $55,000.001 This means that we As a professional and consulting archaeologist have practically achieved our goal of acquiring who has worked extensively not just in $80,000.00 as an endowment for OA. I Ontario, but Belize and elsewhere, Lawrie had would like to thank MCC, the MacLean much to offer the Society. The experience, Foundation and all you members and non- expertise and insights he brought to the Board members who sent us money to achieve our will be sorely missed. On behalf of the Board goal. Most of all, I would like to thank the of Directors and the OAS membership, I wish Fund Raising Committee for their work in Lawrie well and the best of luck in completing achieving this so quickly. I understand they his thesis. have already set a new goal and are in the process of sending applications to other Fortunately, we have been able to fill the foundations and institutions for further Director's post vacated by Lawrie. Mr. funding. Many, many thanks. It would seem Andre Bekerman, a candidate in the 1991 the future of Ontario Archaeology is now election, has agreed to sit as a Director for the secure. remainder of the year. I welcome him aboard and hope he does not find it too daunting. Finally, you will note elsewhere that you can And while on the subject of positions on the now pre-register for the 1992 OAS Board, you will note elsewhere in this issue Symposium. Given the interest on the theme - that the Nominating Committee for 1992 has the Contact Period - we hope to attract a been set up. So if you know of anyone you large audience, especially since a few of the would like to nominate to the Board or would papers are concerned with areas outside like to see your own name in bright lights, Ontario. There is, however, space for a few please contact the Committee or the OAS more papers so if any of you wish to give a Office as soon as possible. paper related to our theme please send it on. GlOVlE1RHAIRIR~SOINANDJ CH~NA HAll: MAJOUCA lBl!JlIlilElRSu f~VIE OUClOCK 1IIEAS AND urEulE-A-lirElIlE SlEliS Another version of this paper was presented as "Documentary Context and its Importance: Preliminary Research into a Nineteenth Century Toronto China Merchant" at the 25th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Archaeological Association, London, Ontario - May 9, 1992. Introduction printed maker's mark (Fig. 1). In 1990 the Toronto Board of Education's The marks exhibits a decorated jug with the Archaeological Resource Centre began a four- words "CHINA ------- and below year investigation of the Gore Vale site in "GLOV A similar mark is Trinity-Bellwoods Park (Hamalainen et al. displayed in the second edition of Elizabeth 1991). Constructed in 1820 by the Collard's definitive Nineteenth Century Honourable Duncan Cameron, Secretary of Pottery and Porcelain in Canada (1984:322). the Legislature of Upper Canada, Gore Vale This complete version reads: "CHINA was one of the first brick residences visible in HALL/GLOVER HARRISON/KING west Toronto. STREET/TORONTO". It quickly became Cameron and his sister Janet lived there to the apparent that this was not a maker's mark; time of his death in 1838. Janet, his heir, instead, this was a dealer's or importer's mark continued to live on the property but sold the on an imported piece. southern part for the construction of Trinity Collard summarizes (1982:21) that "pottery College in 1850. Subsequent Gore Vale and porcelain with importer's marks are one owners included Boulton family members, of the most useful and reliable ways to railway mogul Edward Oscar Bickford and document Canadian ceramic trade in the Trinity College itself (Purmal and Smardz nineteenth century. The importer's mark 1991: 17). clearly states that a specific type of ware, in a The 1990 exploratory excavations focused on specific pattern, was being sold in a defined determining the exact location of buried area, at a date that can be determined. It adds foundation walls on the property, the extent to our knowledge of the taste, demand and of demolition circa 1928 and identifying layers economic status of importer and customer". and features relating to activities on the site In the nineteenth century, importer's marks (in area after Gore Vale was demolished. most instances) are found on printed Determining the amount of disturbance and fill earthenware and ironstone china. Only some associated with the site was also a prime focus dealers added their names to their wares - a (Hamalainen 1992:76). good advertising ploy, no doubt. China Hall Importer's Mark Collard documents several other known China Hall/Glover Harrison marks. One appears It was from a layer associated with the clay printed in brown on the bottom of a very capping of a demolition layer below, that the graceful white ironstone sauce boat with a subject of this article was recovered. Two gold rim and gold line around the foot white ironstone ceramic base sherds were (1982:26). This piece was imported by mended to comprise a partial black transfer- Harrison ca. 1865 and rests in the former National Museum of Man collections. The where men and ladies can dine in com/on, mark in brown, black or blue was in use from and as luxuriously as any in New York or about the mid-1860s. An 1880s mark in blue London. Is there any taste you desire to with "POUR/GLOVER gratify, any decorative an you would pursue? HARRISON/TORONTO" appears on In that case, 0 reader "put money in thy porcelain manufactured by Haviland & Co., purse" (for that is an indispensable condition) France. An 1890's mark in red also on a1Uitake a walk along the south side of King Haviland porcelain reads "CHINA HALL/49 Street". C. Pelham Mulvaney, M.A., M.D, KING ST. EAST/TORONTO". A similar the author of this 1884 description must have one depicting "FOR CHINA enjoyed many such walks and his familiarity HALL/TORONTO" appears on ironstone with the elegant south King Street store front made by Ashworth Brothers, ca. 1890 in of China Hall requires no speculation. Staffordshire Wi II i a m (1982:26). Dendy in Lost China Hall Toronto Context describes the Further architecture of research into China Hall: the primary "... it had two source storeys of documents plate glass ... identified by framed in cast Collard (1984) i r 0 n , combined with supponing a other sources, two-storey begin to shed facade of cut additional light stone with a on the initial h i g h discovery of balustrated the importer's cornice and mark found at windows the Gore Vale framed with site. They wid e provides a mouldings and wonderful strapwork Figure 1. China Hall Importer's Mark on Gore Vale site designs. The context for sherd. this artifact, cast-iron namely the framing of the latter part of commercial and social nineteenth second floor was designed as a row of century Toronto. panelled arches supponed on thin colonnettes above a three-bayed shop front " (1978:77). A To begin establishing this context, a rather ca. 1884 photograph shows both levels of verbose quotation seems appropriate: China Hall and its main product, ceramic "Nonh of Wellington Street and parallel to it, wares. Large tableware and statuary seem to extends from the western limits of the city to be the most identifiable pieces (Fig. 2). the point where, taking a nonh-easterly China Hall is also described as "handsome, direction it joins Queen Street at the Kingston commodious with dimensions of 40 x 200 feet, Road, King Street, the oldest, the most four stories in height with a plate glass front historic, the stateliest and most beautiful of and neatly arranged show windows" Toronto's streets. Here are restaurants, (Industries of Canada 1886: 111). Its wholesale and retail business commanded a storefronts of the day including those of large share of the best patronage in the city numerous life insurance companies, jewellers, and surrounding country.