Kleidocerys Obovatus Van Duzee (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae

Kleidocerys obovatus Van Duzee (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae: Ischnorhynchinae): New Distribution Records and Habits of an Apparent Seed Specialist on Cypress, Hesperocyparis spp. (Cupressaceae) Author(s): A. G. Wheeler, Jr. and Billy A. Krimmel Source: Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 116(2):203-207. 2014. Published By: Entomological Society of Washington DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.116.2.203 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.4289/0013-8797.116.2.203

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NOTE

Kleidocerys Stephens is represented Monterey County, in March of 1918 and in North America by seven species 1922 (Van Duzee 1931). Monterey cy- (Ashlock and Slater 1988). Bionomics press was omitted from Scudder’s (1962) of the seed-feeding, Holarctic K. resedae list of Kleidocerys hosts. Since its origi- (Panzer) are well known in North nal description, this lygaeid has been America (Claassen 1921, Wheeler 1976) recorded only from H. sargentii in and Europe (Jordan 1933, Southwood California’s Pope Valley, Napa County, and Leston 1959, Pe´ricart 1998), and by Linsley and Usinger (1936), who host plants and habits of K. virescens F., implied that this member of a well- a mainly Neotropical species known in documented seed-feeding genus (Sweet the United States from Florida and Texas 1960, 2000; Wheeler 1976) is associ- (Ashlock and Slater 1988), have been ated mainly with leaves of cypress. reported for Mexico (Cervantes and Baez Specimens in the Snow Entomological 2010). Only scant information is avail- Museum, University of Kansas, Law- able on plant associations for other spe- rence (KU), were collected (1952 to cies of Kleidocerys foundinNorth 1962) at Carson Ridge, Marin County, America (Scudder 1962). from cones of H. sargentii in January, Kleidocerys obovatus Van Duzee is February, July, and November (Z. Falin, among the little-known North American pers. comm.). species of the genus. Adults are reddish During our study of the pentatomid brown, about 4.00 mm long, with the Banasa sordida (Uhler) on cypress head almost as long as the pronotum cones in coastal California (Wheeler and the hemelytral membrane short and Krimmel 2012), we also observed (Van Duzee 1931, Barber 1953, Scudder K. obovatus and now have obtained 1962). The specific epithet obovatus re- more biological information on this fers to the bug’s form—inversely ovate— little-studied bug. We provide new dis- that is, egg-shaped and broadest anteriorly. tribution records for California, the first It was originally described from Marin record for Arizona, associations with County, California, based on 32 speci- additional species of Hesperocyparis, mens taken in May 1919 and April 1922 and notes on its habits and seasonality from the serpentine-endemic Sargent’s on H. macrocarpa in California. We cypress (Hesperocyparis sargentii [Jeps.] suggest that K. obovatus is a cypress Bartel) on Cypress Ridge, near Woodacre seed specialist. (Van Duzee 1931). The type series of We first collected K. obovatus in 2011 K. obovatus also contains three speci- by beating branches of Monterey cypress mens taken on Monterey cypress (H. (H. macrocarpa) and Gowen cypress macrocarpa [Hartw.] Bartel) in Carmel, (H. goveniana (Gordon) Bartel) bearing 204 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON seed (ovuliferous) cones (Wheeler and is thought to facilitate entry by Chilacis Krimmel 2012). In 2012, we found that typhae (Perris), a lygaeoid bug of the nymphs and adults often are found family Artheneidae (Wheeler and Fetter within seed cones of cypress and not 1987). easily dislodged during beating (ca. Based on label data from specimens 15–20 min/site). We, therefore, began (KU), K. obovatus overwinters as adults. to excise second- or early third-year On the central California coast, we ob- cones (usually 5–10/site), including those served nymphs of all instars in late April damaged by insects (Frankie and Koehler in second-year cones of Monterey cy- 1967, Frankie 1973), along with older press in Seaside (Monterey County), first cones. Old cones can persist on trees for through fourth instars in mid-May near “many” years (Wolf 1948). Cones with Marina (Monterey County), and third surface cracks where once-fused scales through fifth instars in late May in Santa had separated were broken apart in the Cruz and San Mateo counties. The fourth field to detect nymphs and adults, or and fifth instars observed in Monterey were placed in plastic bags for later County in late July might have repre- examination. Nymphs were sorted to in- sented a second generation. A congener, star using a stereomicroscope. Nymphal K. resedae, is at least bivoltine in Penn- instars and associated cone stages were sylvania (Wheeler 1976). Kleidocerys recorded, as were geo-coordinates of col- virescens apparently has more than one lection sites. Voucher specimens have generation in Mexico, but K. punctatus been deposited in the United States might be only univoltine (Cervantes and National Museum of Natural History, Baez 2010), as Scudder (1962) suggested Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC for species of Kleidocerys in north tem- (USNM). perate regions. The numbers of nymphs, especially The native range of Monterey cypress first and second instars, beaten from cy- (H. macrocarpa) is restricted to rocky, presses generally were fewer than those granitic soils at two sites of the Mon- detected by breaking apart cones. Adults, terey Peninsula on California’s central however, were beaten from branches in coast, but it has been planted exten- numbers similar to those found by open- sively along the coast as an ornamental ing excised cones. Nymphs and adults and for windbreaks. Natural populations occupied cones of several stages, rang- of Gowen cypress (H. goveniana)also ing from those with soft, whitish seeds are precinctive to a nearby area of the and occupied by lepidopteran larvae to Monterey Peninsula (Jepson 1923, Wolf older cones with ripened (brown) seeds 1948, Eckenwalder 1993, Barbour 2007, and old lepidopteran damage and frass. Bartel 2012). We found K. obovatus on In all cases it appeared that K. obovatus native Gowen and Monterey cypress in occupied only cones with existing open- Point Lobos State Natural Reserve and ings, either the result of cone matura- in ornamental plantings of Monterey cy- tion or lepidopteran damage. The bug’s press from southern San Mateo County ingress of cypress cones might be fa- south to northern San Luis Obispo cilitated by lepidopteran larvae, whose County. The range of K. obovatus,pre- mandibulate mouthparts create holes on viously known only from California, is cone surfaces (scales). Similarly, tunnel- extended to Arizona based on specimens ing by lepidopteran larvae into fruiting (1♂,2♀) collected at Dry Creek, Yavapai spikes, or heads, of cattails (Typha spp.) County, from smooth Arizona cypress VOLUME 116, NUMBER 2 205

(H. glabra (Sudw.) Bartel) in December Co., Point Lobos State Natural Reserve, 1946 (USNM). Cypress Grove Trail, 36°31.249–2609N Unlike the pentatomid Banasa sordida, 121°57.041–0899W, 29 July 2011, which feeds externally on cypress cones in “adults” and “nymphs” ex native Hes- coastal California (Wheeler and Krim- perocyparis macrocarpa; Point Lobos mel 2012), K. obovatus is found mainly State Natural Reserve, Lobos Ranch, within cones. Its habits thus resemble 36°30.5979N121°55.8089W, 29 July those of the Eurasian and North African 2011, 3♂,1♀, 1–Vex native H. goveniana; orsilline lygaeids Orsillus depressus Rt. 1 S of jct. with Struve Rd. N of Moss (Mulsant & Rey) and O. maculata Landing, 36°49.3029N121°47.0629W, (Fieber), which feed within cypress 28 July 2011, 2 adults, 1–IV & 28 April (Cupressus spp.) cones and damage 2012, 4♂,1♀ ex H. macrocarpa; Sea- seeds (Bouaziz and Roques 2006). It is side, NE of Rt. 1 exit 404, 36°37.7809N K. obovatus not known if feeding by 121°50.1909W, 9 April 2011, 1 adult, damages cypress seeds. Although the 1–V & 28 April 2012, 1♀,4–I,2–II, pentatomid B. sordida can be found on 4–III, 2–IV, 2–Vex H. macrocarpa;Imjin other cupressaceous genera (Chamae- Rd. 0.3 km S of Imjin Pky E of Marina, nr cyparis, Juniperus; Wheeler and Krimmel California State University Monterey 2012), K. obovatus is known only from ° 9 ° 9 Hesperocyparis [formerly Cupressus; Bay, 36 39.588 N12147.708 W, 11 ♂ Adams et al. 2009]: H. glabra,H. May 2012, 1 , 3–I, 1–II, 3–III, 1–IV & ♂ ♀ goveniana, H. macrocarpa,andH. 31 May 2013, 2 ,3 ,2–IV,2–Vex sargentii.Wefoundthislygaeidat H. macrocarpa. San Luis Obispo Co., Rt. 1, ° 9 ° 9 eight sites, including consecutive years Ragged Point, 35 46.826 N121 19.922 W, ♀ at several and all instars at one site. Our 30 April 2012, 2 ex H. macrocarpa. San observations indicate that cypresses Mateo Co., Rt. 1, 2.5 km S of jct. Rt. 84, support nymphal development and nr Pescadero State Beach, 37°14.6029N can be considered host plants of the 122°25.0829W, 29 May 2013, 1♂,2♀, bug. We propose that K. obovatus is 4–Vex H. macrocarpa. Santa Cruz Co., Rt. a seed specialist on cypresses, its host 1, Davenport, 37°00.7939N 122°11.9119W, range contrasting with the polypha- 30 May 2013, 2♂,2♀, 4–IV, 2–V ex gous K. resedae, which develops on H. macrocarpa. a few conifers (Chamaecyparis, Thuja) We thank Chuck Bancroft and Amy but feeds primarily on seeds of nu- Palkovic (California State Parks, De- merous angiosperms of diverse fami- partment of Parks and Recreation) for lies (Wheeler 1976). More extensive their helpfulness and hospitality when fieldwork is needed to test our host- we visited Point Lobos State Natural plant hypothesis and to determine if Reserve, Zachary Falin (Entomology, K. obovatus develops on seeds of the University of Kansas Biodiversity In- seven other species of Hesperocyparis stitute, Lawrence) for providing data known from California (Bartel 2012). on specimens of K. obovatus housed at Ecological studies could confirm or re- KU, and Thomas Henry (Systematic ject our hypothesis that lepidopteran Entomology Laboratory, USDA, ARS, larvae facilitate the lygaeid’s colonization Washington, DC) for verifying the iden- of cypress cones. tification of K. obovatus and providing Species examined (Roman numerals = data from Arizona specimens housed in nymphal instars).—CALIFORNIA: Monterey the USNM. 206 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

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Entomological Society of Washington 114: Environmental Sciences, Clemson Uni- 263–268. versity, Clemson, South Carolina 29634- Wolf, C. B. 1948. Taxonomic and distributional 0310, U.S.A. (e-mail: awhlr@clemson. studies of the New World cypresses. Aliso 1: 1–250. edu); (BAK) Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, California A. G. Wheeler, Jr. and Billy A. Krimmel, 95616, U.S.A. (e-mail:wkrimmel@gmail. (AGW) School of Agricultural, Forest, and com)