70 CONGR~SSIONAL RECORD~SENATE JANUARY 11 H. R. 965. A bill for the relief of Joseph A. ' Senator from the State of New York, ap- The VICE PRESIDENT. Eighty-seven Plozy: to the Committee on Military Affairs. peared in their seats today. · H. R. 966. A bill for the relief of Wallace Senators have answered to their names. Taylor; to the Committee on 'Military Affairs. THE JOURNAL A quorum is present. H. R. 967. A bill for the relief of Anastazja THE BUDGET (H. DOC. NO. 27) Nowik; to the Committee on Immigration and On request of Mr. BARKLEY, and by Naturalization. unanimous consent, the reading of the The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the H. R. 968. A bill for the relief of Robert Journal of the proceedings of Thursday, Senate a message from the President of Richard White; to the Committee on Naval January 7, 1943, was dispensed with, and the United States, transmitting the Affairs. the Journal was approved. Budget of the United States Government H. R. 969. A bill for the relief of the firm MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1944, of the American Wrecking Co. of Chicago, Ill.; which was read, referred to the Commit to the Committee on Claims. Messages in writing from the Presi tee on Appropriations, and ordered to be H. R. 970. A bill. granting a pension to Ida dent of the United States were com printed. M. Tillotson; to the Committee on Invalid municated to the Senate by Mr. Miller, Pensions. WHITE HOUSE, Josephine Rutter; to the· Committee on In Senator-elect from the State of Virginia, Washington. valid Pensions. I wish to report that I have performed To the Congress ot the United States: By Mr. WEISS: that service, and now hand to the Presi As required by the provisions of the H. R. 976. A bill for the relief of Mr. and dent of the Senate a signed copy of the Emergency Relief Appropriations Act, Mrs. Sebastian; to the Committee on Claims. oath, which is in addition to the oral fiscal · year 1942, I present herewith a H. R. 977. A bill for the relief of Clare A. report of the operations under this act Miller; to the Committee on Claims. affirmation made by the Senator as re quired by law. to the end of the fiscal year 1942. The VICE PRESIDENT. The signed This report contains summary and de oath submitted by the Secretary of the tailed statements of the Treasury Depart Senate will be p-laced on file. ment reflecting expenditures made, ob SENATE ligations incurred, and the status of funds CALL OF THE ROLL lVIONDAY, JANUARY 11, 19-13 under the above-mentioned act. In ad Mr. HILL. I suggest the absence of dition thereto, the information is pre The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown a quorum. sented covering the Relief Acts of 1935, Harris, D. D., offered the following The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, and for fiscal year prayer: will call the roll. 1941. Thesl! statements compiled as of Our Father God, with all the deep and The Chief Clerk called the roll, and the June 30, 1942, constitute the eighth an dire needs of our inner lives unmet by following Senators answered to their nual accounting to the Congress for relief material bread alone, we turn unfilled to names: and work-relief expenditures. Such re Thee. As jaded pilgrims journeying Aiken Ferguson O'Daniel ports have been submitted at the begin- ·across burning sands gratefully pause Andrews George · O'Mahoney . ning of regular sessions of Congress as under protecting shade and at refreshing Austin Gerry Overton provided for in the above-cited Emer Bailey Gillette Pepper gency Relief Appropriation Acts. springs, so we would come to Thee who Bankhead Green Radcliffe art as the shadow of a great rock in a Barbour Guffey Reed Reports of operations of the Work Barkley Gurney Revercomb Projects Administration and the Em weary land, and where alone are foun Bilbo Hatch Reynolds tains of living waters which can quench Bene Hawkes Robertson ployees' Compensation Commission in the thirst of our yearning souls. Brewster Hayden Russell connection ·with :fmids appropriated Bridges Hill Scrugham under these Emergency Relief Appropria Here at this noontide altar of devotion Brooks Holman Shipstead which our fathers builded and on which Buck Johnson, Colo. Stewart tion Acts are also included. they cut deep with their founding faith Burton Langer Taft FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. Bushfl.eld Lodge Thomas, Idaho JANUARY 11, 1943. the devout confession "In God we trust,'' Butler Lucas Thomas, Okla. we humbly bow with the deathless assur Byrd McCarran Thomas, Utah REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE ance that turns tragedy to triumph: Capper McClellan Tunnell Caraway McFarland Tydings FOREIGN SERVICE RETIREMENT AND "The eternal God is our refuge and Chandler McKellar Vandenberg DISABILITY SYSTEM underneath are the everlasting arms." Chavez McNary Van Nuys Facing the duties of demanding days, Clark, Idaho Maloney Wagner The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Clark, Mo. Maybank Wallgren Senate the following message from the we would grow quiet enough for the still Connally Mead Walsh small voice to tell us what our besetting Danaher Millikin Wheeler President of the United States, which was sins are and in what ways our selfish Davis Moore Wherry read, and, with the accompanying Downey Murdock White papers, referred to the Committee on attitudes are hurting others, lest we bar Eastland Murray Wiley our fellows from more abundant life and Ellender Nye Willis Foreign Relations: ' thus betray our own souls and fall short To the Congress of the United States: of our high calling. We would be the Mr. HILL. I announce that the Sena tor from Virginia [Mr. GLASS] and the I transmit herewith a report by the true servants of Thy will in this troubled Secretary of State, showing all receipts time. For Thine is the kingdom, and Senator from South Carolina [Mr. the power, and the glory. Amen. SMITH] are absent from the Senate be and disbursements on account of refunds, cause of illness. allowances, and annuities for the fiscal ATTENDANCE OF SENATORS The Senator from West Virginia [Mr. year ended June 30, 1942, in accordance SHERIDAN DOWNEY, a Senator from the KILGORE] and the Senator from Missouri with the Foreign Service retirement and State of California; JAMES M. MEAD, a [Mr. TRUMAN] are necessarily absent. disability system as required by section Senator from the State of New York; Mr. McNARY. I announce that the 26 (a) of an act for the grading and CLAUDE PEPPER, a Senator from the State Senator from Minnesota [Mr. BALL] is ciassification of clerks in the Foreign O! Florida; and ROBER'!' F. WAGNER, a absent because of illness. Service of the United States of America, 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE .71 and providing compensation therefor, the peace of the world; to the Committee on Resolution 337, Seventy-seventh Congress, approved February 23, 1931, as amended. Foreign Relations. agreed to December 16, 1942 (relating to the FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. A resolution of the New Castle County In administration and operation of the water dustrial Union Council, Wilmington, Del., system of the District of Columbia). is hereby .THE WHITE HOUSE, January 11, 1943. favoring the prompt enactment of legislation continued until the end of the Seventy to provide periodic payments and medical eighth Congress. [Enclosure: Report Concerning Retire care-in the event of injury or death in the ment and Disability Fund, Foreign Serv performance of duty-to civilian defense ADDITIONAL COPIES OF HEARINGS BE ice.] workers, such payments and benefits to apply FORE COMMITTEE ON FINANCE ON PUB with respect to any death and injury sus LIC LAW NO. 528, SEVENTY-SEVENTH R:t!!PORT OF ALLEY DWELLING AUTHOR tained by such workers subsequent to De CONGRESS . ITY FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA cember 6, 1941; to the Committee on Mili tary Affairs. Mr. GEORGE, from the Committee on The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the A resolution of the Common Council of Finance, reported an original resolution Senate the following message from the the City of Milwaukee, Wis., favoring the (8. Res. 37), which was referred to the President of the United States, which was enactment of anti-poll-tax legislation; to the Committee on Printing, as follows: read and referred to the Committee on Committee on the Judiciary. Resolved, That in accordance with para the District of Columbia: A resolution adopted by a mass meeting of graph 3 of section 3 of the Printing Act ap citizens of Knoxville, Tenn., as a tribute to proved March 1, 1907, the Committee on To the Congress of the United States: the public services performed by former Sen In accordance with the provisions of Finance be, and is hereby, authorized and ator Norris, of Nebraska; ordered to lie on empowered to have printed for its use 1,000 section 5 (a) of the District of Columbia the table. additional copies of the bearings held before Alley Dwelling Act, approved June 12, WARTIME PROHIBITION-PETITION said committee during the Seventy-seventh 1934, I transmit herewith for the infor Congress, second session, on Public Law mation of the Congress the report of the Mr. DAVIS. Mr. President, I ask No. 528, section 403, Seventy-seventh Con Alley Dwelling Authority for the District unanimous consent to have printed in gress, second session, an act making addi of Columbia for the fiscal year ended the RECORD and referred to the Com tional appropriations for the national de mittee on Military Affairs, without all fense for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1942, June 30, 1942. and for other purposes. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. the signatures attached thereto, a peti tion signed by a number of citizens, BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS 'THE WHITE HousE, January 11, 1943. members of the Hopewell U. P. Mission INTRODUCED [NOTE.-The report accompanied a ary Society. of Laurel, Pa. There being no objection, the petition Bills and joint resolutions were intro similar message to the House of Repre duced, read the first time, and, by unani sentatives.] was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs and ordered to be printed mous consent, the second time, and re EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. in the RECORD without all the signatures ferred as follows: The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the attached, as follows: By Mr. REED: Senate the following letters, which were DECEMBER 17, 1942. S. 235. A bill to prohibit discrimination with respect to employment in the seryice of referred as indicated: Senator JAMES J. DAVIS~ Washington, D. C. the United States or emplqyment resulting REPORT OF SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY ON from expenditures made by the United STATE OF THE FINANCES Ron. JAMES J. DAVIS: Mothers have worked and prayed that their boys might be kept States; to the Committee on the Judiciary. A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, from evil since we are in the war, and S. 236. A bill to amend section 5 of the In .transmitting, pursuant to law, his annual our boys are called to serve their country. terstate Commerce Act, as amended, with 1eport on the state of the finances for the We think they should be protected from evil respect to the pooling and division of certain Ilscal year ended June 30, 1942; to the Com influences while in the service of our coun revenues of carriers subject to such act; to mittee on Finance. try. the Committee on Interstate Commerce. PERSHING HALL MEMORIAL FUND. Realizing the great harm alcoholic drinks S. 237. A bill to provide that the workweek are doing the people of our country and espe established by the Fair Labor Standards Act A letter from the Acting Secretary of the of 1938 shall temporarily be extended from Treasury transmitting, pursuant to law, an cially to the boys in the Army camps, we beg of you to urge President Franklin D. Roosevelt 40 hours to 48 hours; ordered to lie on the 1t.~mized report of transactions for account table. of the Pershing Hall Memorial Fund (with an to give us wartime prohibition as Woodrow Wilson did in World War No. 1. By Mr.. REED (for himself and Mr. accompanying paper); to the Committee on GILLETTE): Military Affairs. MEMBERS OF HOPEWELL U. P. MISSIONARY SOCIETY, S. 238. A bill to amend the Emergency LANDS OF THE COLUMBIA BASIN PROJECT CHURCH OF LAUREL, PA., Price Control Act of 1942, as amended, with A letter from the Secretary of the Interior, MABEL E. El:NARD, respect to procedure and appeals thereunder; transmitting a draft of proposed legislation FLORENCE E. HYSON, to the Committee on the Judiciary. to amend the act approved May 27, 1937 (cb. CARRIE A. LeFFLER By Mr. STEWART: ' 269, 50 Stat. 208), by providing substitute (And sundry other citizens). S. 239. A bill to hold for deportation aliens and additional authority for the prevention who refuse to bear arms in defense of the of speculation in lands of the Columbia Basin REPORT OF SENATE SPECIAL SILVER United States, and for other purposes; and project, and substitute and additional au COMMITTEE S. 240. A bill to deny admittance into the thority related to the settlement and de Mr. THOMAS of Oklahoma, from the United States to all immigrants while the velopment of the project, and for other pur number of unemployed persons within the poses (with an accompanying paper); to the Senate Special Silver Committee, to United States is 1,000,000 or more; to the Committee on Irrigation and Reclamation. which was referred the resolution continuing Senate Resolution By Mr. BARBOUR: 187, Seventy-fourth Congress, agreed to S. 241. A bill for the relief of Rachel A letter from the Archivist of the United August 16, 1935, as amended by Senate Acerra; to the Committee on Claims. States, transmitting, pursuant· to law, a list Resolution 261, Seventy-seventh Con By Mr. CAPPER: of papers and documents on the files of the S. 242. A bill to provide for the issuance of Department qf the Navy which are not gress, agreed to June 29, 1942, relating a 1 nse to practice osteopathy in the Dis needed in the conduct of business and have to the Silver Purchase Act of 1934, re trict of Columbia to Maria G. Waksmundzka; no permanent value or hi&torical interest, ported it without amendment and sub to the Committee on the District of Colum and reque&ting action looking to their dis mitted a report e had _on any subject referred to mands. Nothing has done more to keep the Affairs; Riverside, Calif., December 14, 1942, said committee, the total expenses pursuant conflict alive than the recurrent threats of which appears in the Appendix.] legislation which would strike at t:q.e. roots of to this resolution (which shall not exceed FUNCTIONS OF THE NEW CONGRESS- $5,000) to be paid out of the contingent UJ.ionism. But, whatever the balance of ADDRESS '1:0 LATIN AMERICA BY fund of the Senate; and that the committee, blame or credit over a longer period, the or any subcommittee thereof, may sit dur unions have come near to isolating them SENATOR CHAVEZ ing any session or recess of the Senate. selves from the sympathies of other groups, [Mr. CHAVEZ asked and obtained leave to whib the prestige of the leaders of industry have printed in the RECORD a radio address LABOR POLICIES AND THE LABOR SITUA- has revived, . and industry and agriculture on the functions of the new Congress, de TION-ARTICLE BY ERNEST LINDLEY seem well on the way toward restoring their livered by him in the Spanish language to Mr. REED. Mr. President, in the old alliance under the banner of tile Re- Latin America on January 7, 1943, which publican Party. . appears in the Appendix.] Washington Post for December 23, 1942, Little has been said, at least in public, py appeared the calmest and most impartial labor leaders to indicate that they realize THE ARMY REPORTS TO INDUSTRY-AD statement of labor policies and the labor their isolation. Some of them have their DRESS BY HON:ROBERT P. PATTERSON, situation that I have seen anywhere. It own internal political problems in handling UNDER SECRETARY OF WAR, AND was written by Ernest Lindley, one of the extremists. Some of them have made REMARKS BY THOMAS H. BECK the fairest and most able of the news constructive suggestions concerning war pro [Mr. THOMAS of Utah asked and obtained paper columnists. I ask unanimous con duction and the war effort generally. But . leave to have printed in the RECORD an ad sent to present and have printed in the such considerations do not carry much weight dress entitled "The Army Reports to Imdus with the people who feel that labor has won RECORD as a part of my remarks Mr. try," delivered by Hon. Robert P. Patter Lindley's statement entitled "Unequal special benefits out of the war, or who know son, Under Secretary o! War, at a dinner at about the strikes and slow-downs which still the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New York City, _ Sacrifice." occur. There being no objection, the state November 12, 1942, together with remarks The production still lost from strikes may made on the same occasion by Thomas H. ment was ordered to be printed in the be only a trifling percentage. But the fact Beck, which appear in the Appendix.] RECORD, as follows: that any strikes at all occur, especially when UNEQUAL SACRIFICE-QRGANIZED LABOR FACES agencies favorable to labor exist to compose OUTPUT OF VESSELS DURL.'\I"G THE PAST ROUGH WEATHER disputes, is abhorrenj; to the public gen ¥EA.R-STATEMENT BY REAR ADMIRAL erally. The full use of manpower·, is held EMORY S. LAND (By Ernest Lindley) back by the 40-hour week and by ·various Captain Rickenbacker says that if the men union restrictions of the "feather-bed" va' [Mr. BAILEY asked and obtained leave to on the fighting front and the workers in fac riety. And even if the higher wages · now have printed in the RECORD a statement by tories changed places war production would earneci by many workers are not much if any Rear Admiral Emory S. Land, Chairman of be doubled. Statistically, the statement may above what our national economic machine, the Maritime Commission and War Shipping be wide of the mark but it represents a feel WOl"king at capacity, can afford, they repre Administrator, on the subject of the output ing which is not peculiar to Rickenbacker, sent a marked change in relationship to other of vessels during the past year, which appears and wpich cannot be overcome by the im groups. During the war, labor, especially in in the Appendix.] pressive figures on the volume of American the war industries, has gained economic ad WHAT THE ARMY DRINKS-ARTICLE BY production. · vantage while, by and large, after taxes,' other REPRESENTATIVE JAMES ·w. WADS There is no way of equalizing burdens and groups have lost ground.· WORTH, OF NEW YORK risks in a war, especially one fought at a dis Organized labor now faces very much the tance from the home base. Even if the peo same political perils that beset American [Mr. GURNEY asked and obtained leave ple at home work as hard as the men at the financiers and industrialists in the early to have printed in the RECORD an article front, which not many do, they are not sub thirties. The question is whether it will entitled "What the Army Drinks" written by jected to the same risks and in most cases make the same mistake made by so many of .Representative JAMES W. WAJ?SWORTH, of New they receive higher pay. the leaders of finance and industry; of re York, and published 1n Collier's magazine A sanse of inequality of sacrifice leads men fusing to acknowledge their mistakes and of of December 19, 1942, which appears in the who are reasonably patriotic to fight for posi resisting changes required in the -general Appendix.) tion and. gain within the civilian economy public interest. More enlightened leadership at home. The labor unions point to corpo in American finance and industry would LAW ON DEPLETION ALLOWANCES FOR rate profits and high salaries for executives. have saved years of painful and, sometimes, CERTAIN MINERALS The farmers point to the short hours and high destructive fighting to prev€;nt the inevitable. [Mr. THOMAS of Oklahoma asked and ob wages of the workingmen. And in this they Organized labor cannot work out of its tained leave to have printed in the RECORD are joined by the industrialists and middle present political hole by declaiming against the law, as amended, with respect to deple classes generally. the mistakes of management or by threats to tion allowances for oil, gas, coal, fluorspar, Such sentiments have intensified the polit resort to strikes or other fcrms of direct ac ball and sagger clay, rock asphalt, metal ical struggles in Washington, often leaving tion. (There have been hints from labor mines and sulfur, which appears in the the impression that nobody is interested in circles that the unions will abandon their Appendix.) anything except his pocketbook. They have no-strike pledges if this or that which they helped to write many black pages in the his want is not done, although it is difficult to BEVERIDGE SOCIAL SECURITY PRO tory of the Seventy-seventh Congress, and in believe that they were inspired by responsible POSALS - ARTICLE BY HOWARD M. decisions on policy by administrative agencies union leaders.) It can regain the sympathy NORTON and departments. of nonunion members only by cleaning its [Mr. WAGNER asked and obtained leave Of all the economic groups, that which is own house-disciplining the leaders and men to have printed in the !l.ECORD an article now most widely and bitterly criticized is who strike, abolishing union rules which pre entitled "Sir William Beveridge's Social Se organized labor. The feeling that the labor vent the most efficient use of manpower, and curity Proposals Had Roots in System Estab unions have been favored by the Roosevelt worlting out some modification of the 40- lished in New Zealand," written by Howard Administration before all other groups seems hour week where €mployers cannot afford to M. Norton and published in the Baltimore to be almost universal except perhaps among pay the higher rates for overtime. In ad Sun for January 10, 1943, which appears in some of the union leaders and members. dition, union leaders could show their grasp the Appendix.) Of course, that feeling had taken hold be of the problem of inflation by urging a com fore the war. And, in a large way, it was bination of higher taxes and enforced sav GASOLINE AND TIRE RATIONING-AD true. The election of Roosevelt in 1933 was ings on smaller incomes. Many unions have DRESS BY FULTON LEWIS, JR. a transfer of political power from the finan made excellent records in selling war bonds ciers and managers of industry to labor and by the pay-roll deduction plan, but this is (Mr. NYE asked and obtained leave to have the farming groups. Agriculture gained only a sample of what is needed. printed in the RECORD a radio address on the much, but in time began to drift away, or Organized labor faces some rough weather. subject of rationing, delivered by Fulton to be forced away by certain of the labor It can profit by studying the political mis Lewis, Jr., on December 15, 1942, which ap policies of the Administration. takes of American industrial and financial pears in the Appendix.) The growth of labor unionism, encouraged leaders, and avoiding them. THE PRINCE OF PEACE AND A WORLD AT by the Administratiop, brought · sharp THE UNITED STATES AS A BASIS FOR A WAR-EDITORIAL FROM THE MONTANA changes in industrial practice. Unfortu STANDARD nately the transition had not been completed NEW WORLD ORDER;-ADDRESS BY .when the rearmament program began. Many SENATOR THOMAS OF UTAH [Mr. WHEELER asked and obtained leave managers and union leaders and members had [Mr. GREEN asked and obtained leave to to have printed in the REcORD an editorial not found their proper places in the new type have printed in the RECORD an address enti entitled "The Prince of Peace and a World of industrial relation. tled "The United States as a Basis for a at War," published in the Montana Standard Both industrial managers and labor lead New World Order," delivered by · Senator for December 25, 1942, which appears in the el·s have been frightened by extreme de- THOMAs of Utah at the Institute of world Appendix.] 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 77 ''I KNEW BEVERIDGE"-ARTICLE BY- · NOMINATION OF EDWARD J. FLYNN TO noted for his criminal activities, as his JOHN McLAREN BE MINISTER TO AUSTRALIA deputy. That is the type of selection (Mr. LODGE asked and obtained leave to Mr. BRIDGES. Mr. President, the Mr. Flynn has made in the past when he have printed in the RECORD an article en headlines of the morning newspapers of was high sheriff in the Bronx. What is titled "I Knew Beveridge," written by John Saturday, January 9, unfolded a very un there to lead us to believe he would now McLaren and published in the Boston Sun usual happening in the history of this associate llJmself with a different type day Globe for December 13, 1942, which ap of individual? pears in the Appendix.] country. The headline in one news paper read, "Diplomatic surprise. Flynn I believe the President of the United SALARY AND INCOME LIMITATION~ says he's been named Ambassador Statec; should be able to appoint as min STATEMENT BY JAMES G. PATTON Australia bound." ister to any nation a man of his own [Mr. LANGER asked and obtained leave to In my judgment, the naming of Mr. choosing, but I think that anyone the have printed in the RECORD a statement on Flynn as Ambassador or Minister to Aus President appoints to a high diplomatic the subject of salary and income limitations, tralia or any other country on the face post to repre8ent this country should delivered by James G. Patton, president of of the globe is an insult to the people have the basic American qualities of the National Farmers Union, before the honesty and integrity and should be free American Forum of the Air on January 10, of America and to the people of the coun 1943, which appears in the Appendix.] try to which he is named. He is the of criminal entanglements, because the notorious Edward J. Flynn, formerly people in. other lands are apt to judge REFERENCE TO COMMITTEES OF NOMI- known as "Boss" Flynn, and more cur America and Americans by the caliber NATIONS AND TREATIES rently known as "Belgian Paving Block" of men who represent us. Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, as in Flynn. Just who wants Flynn to go to Aus executive session, I ask unanimous con When "Paving Block" Flynn an tralia, anyway? Do the boys in our sent for the present consideration of a nounced to the world his appointment as armed forces want Mr. Flynn over there? resolution, which I submit and send to Ambassador and personal representative Does our gallant General MacArthur the desk. of the President of the United States, want him to help out over there? Does The VICE PRESIDENT. The resolu he said: Cordell Hull, our esteemed Secretary of tion will be read. I have more or less a roving commission State, want Mr. Flynn as an ambassador The Chief Clerk read the resolution, in the South Pacific as the President's per or minister over the.re? Does Sumner as follows: sonal representative and ambassador. Welles want Mr. Flynn there? Does Resolved, That on calendar days of the Premier Curtin, of Australia, want Mr. It is a very disgraceful state of affairs Flynn? present session of Congress when no execu when it becomes necessary to subpena tive session is held, nominations or treaties My own State of New Hampshire has received from the President of the United th~ chairman of a mlOI,jor political party before a grand jury of any State to answer given the country many of its distin States may, where no objection is· inter guished sons to serve in the diplomatic posed, be referred, as in executive session, to a r:riminal charge. I do not blame . to the appropriate committees by the Pre the Democratic Party of this country for field. John Winant, my predecessor as siding Officer of the Senate. wanting to -get rid of Flynn; I do not Governor of New ·Hampshire, who is now Ambassador to the Court of St. James's, The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there ob blame the President of the United States for wanting to get rid of Flynn as chair is one of them. I cannot imagine John jection to the immediate consideration Winant, knowing him as I do, swelling of the resolution? · man of his party. He has been a weight around the President's neck for some with pride at having "Paving Block" There being no objection, the resolu Flynn become one of his associates in tion was considered and agr.eed to. time; but I do not believe in promoting him in order to get rid of him. the diplomatic field. I ca1mot imagine The VICE PRESIDENT. The routine Joseph Grew, our great ex-Ambassador morning business is concluded. It is an interesting coincidence that at the particular moment when "Paving to Japan, swelling with pride at having DEATH OF HON. AUG-q:STIN P. JUSTO, Block" Flynn is seeking diplomatic im "Boss" Flynn associated with him. I FORMER PRESIDENT OF ARGENTINA munity, Tom Dewey has just been inau cannot believe that Mr. Moffat, our Min Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, I wish gurated governor of New York. Tom ister to Canada, thinks a great deal of for just a moment to call the attention Dewey is a noted prosecutor of crim having Mr. Flynn become an associate of the Senate to the death of tha Hon inals, and the Citizens' Union· of New of his as Minister to a country in the orable Augustin P. Justo, former Presi York has just petitioned Governor Dewey British Commonwealth of Nations. dent of the Republic of Argentina. Mr. to reopen the Flynn case. I do not think we need to wonder what Justo while he was President of the Ar I wonder if in this instance we cannot is behind this appointment. We in the gentine Republic and before and since put two and two together? The Citizens' Senate have got to answer to the boys he was President of that great Repub Union of New York suggests that it is who are giving their lives so that we lic was an outspoken friend of the United now a year since city employees using can win this war and bring about a States and of the people of the United city-owned paving blocks paved the lasting peace, and, in my judgment, the States. He was likewise in sympathy courtyard of Boss Flynn's palatial coun winning of this war and laying the foun with the program of American solidar try estate, and, so far as I know, "Paving dations for peace cannot be accomplished i'ty, by which I mean the solidarity of Block" Flynn still has the blocks that by sending to Australia or to any other the entire Western Hemisphere in its gave him his name. country in vital battleground areas of attitude toward international problems "Boss" Flynn apparently thinks that the war a man of the caliber and type and toward problems affecting the West the 8,000 paving blocks on his palatial of "Paving Block" Flynn. ern Hemipshere. New York estate are getting a little too This is no time for the diplomatic In view of his outspoken and practi hot to rove upon. I have no objection to service to harbor a man whose past cally lifelong attitude, I feel that it is sending him five or six or seven or eight clearly shows him to be wholly unfit for n~t inappropriate now in the Senate of thousand miles away if he wants to be a any high position. This is no time for the United States to make reference to rover, but in that section of the world the Senate of the United States to close his recent death and to express our sym New Hampshire boys and other American its eyes. To win this war, the armed pathy at his demise and our apprecia boys are giving their lives for the cause forces of the United States need the tion of his broad-minded statesmanship of freedom in the world; they are giv ablest officers and soldiers we can produce, while he- was in public office as well as ing their lives· for something different and in the diplomatic field our Gov when he was in private life. than what Boss Flynn has stood for in ernment needs the ablest and most ex While I regret the death of former this country. His appointment is a slap perienced and intelligent representatives President Justo and express, insofar as at every American boy in the service. it is possible to obtain. "Paving Block" I can, my sympathy and the sympathy Tom Dawey has already accommodated Flynn does not meet any of these speci of my colleagues to the people of the some of Mr. Flynn's friends, among fications; he does not fall in this category, Argentine, I felt that it was a matter of whom is Jimmy Hines. Another friend Mr. President, I cannot imagine that pride to call attention to his attitude of "Paving Block" Flynn's was Dutch many of my colleagues on the other side and to his good will and friendliness to Schultz. No doubt he will be remem of the aisle can be very proud of this Ward the people of the United States and bered. When Flynn was high sheriff in nomination. I sympathize with them. toward the western world in general. New York he appointed Dutch Schultz, I think it is a disgrace. I join with them 78 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JANUARY 11 in the desire to rid the country and rid [From the New York Times of May 7, 1942} The presentment is silent on who sent this any political party of that type of leader CITIZENS UlUON SEES FLYNN "WHITEWASH"; city property to the Flynn estate. Such ac ship, but I hate to see a man such as ASKS NEW INQUffiY-APPEALS TO LEHMAN To tion was a crime under any circumstances, NAME SPECIAL PROSECUTOR To LOOK INTO for no borough official of the Bronx has power "Paving Block" Flynn promoted in order even to loan, rent, or sell city property. to attain that end. "SERious CRIME"-KERN Is "NoT SUR PRISED"-CALLS PRESENTMENT "SHOCKING" "A finding by Bronx politicians that poli Along this line, I should like to intro SAYS H:a;: WILL CONTINUE To· TRY To EXPOSE tics is pure in the Bronx is not convincing. duce into the RECORD, as a part of my LEADER The brazen use of city property for the pri remarks, an editorial from the New York Following the failure of the Bronx County vate benefit of Overlord Flynn would make Times, of today, entitled "Mr. Flynn as grand jury last Tuesday to return indictments the "great McGinty" blush. Minister," and an editorial from the against any of the perwns involved in the "Fortunately we are still living in a de Washington Times-Herald of June 18 paving charges against Edward J. Flynn, the mocracy, and the people of the State will last entitled "Head of Jury in Flynn Case Citizens Union joined yesterday with Paul J. shortly have an opportunity to appraise the Kern, author of the charges, in labeling the public character of Edward J. Flynn and Gets United States Job." his political machine. I shall continue my The head of the jury which white action a "whitewash." The executive committee of the Citizens personal efforts to expose this "Flynn-flam washed Flynn was shortly afterward Union decided at a meeting ,yesterday after ming' further." rewarded by appointment to a Federal noon to aEk Governor Lehman to supersede Mr. Flynn's office reported yesterday that position. District Attorney Samuel J. Foley of the Bronx he had no comment to make on the grand I also ask to have printed an article in a new investigation. In a telegram to the jury's disposition of the case. Mayor La from the New York Times entitled "Citi Governor the Citizens Union said: Guardia was similarly silent. Early in the zens Union Sees Flynn 'Whitewash'; Asks "The Flynn grand jury presentment is an investigation the mayor asked District Attor obvious whitewash. Its findings prove that a ney Frank Hogan of Manhattan to proceed New Inquiry." against him if it could be proved that he I also ask to have printed an article serious public crime was committed, but it fails to fix responsibility and indicts no had blocked the inquiry, or to proceed against from the New York Herald Tribune one. Some one accepted the stolen paving an afternoon newspaper that printed that under the headline "Kern Says City's blocks for the Flynn estate and someone in charge if it were found untrue. In view of Men, Material Were Used on Flynn's the city ~overnment ordered theu delivered. the Bronx inquiry Mr. Hogan took no action Estate." Both should be punished to make clear that on the mayor's request. Kern was at the head of the Civil such practices will not be tolerated and that Service Commission in New York City. important political figures do not enjoy spe [From the New York Herald Tribune of I present also an article of the New cial immunity. When we asked you earlier March 8, 1942) to supersede District Attorney Foley in this York ·world-Telegram entitled "Civic KERN SAYS CITY'S MEN, MATERIAL WERE USED Groups Press Flynn Investigation." case because of his close associations with Mr. ON FLYNN'S ESTATE-CHARGES 27 MUNICIPAL Fiynn ·you replied: WORKERS BUILT COURTYARD IN DEMOCRATIC I also submit an editorial from the "'I have personally talked with the district LEADER'S LAKE MAHOPAC HOME; SAYS MAYOR Chicago Tribune entitled "The 'White attorney and he has given me his assurance WAS TOLD "NEARLY 4 MONTHS AGO" wash Is Getting Thin." that he will proceed without fear or favor. Paul J. Kern, ousted president of the I present also an editorial from the There can be no failure to discharge his con municipal civil service commission, charged stitutional obligations before he has even New York Herald Tribune under the yesterday that 27 city employees built an headline "A Second Pail of 'Whitewash." been given a chance to act. As Governor I antique Belgian courtyard last November on would not be justified at this time in su,r:er the Putnam County Estate at Lake Mahopac I submit also an article written by seding the district attorney.' James M. Minifie entitled "Flynn of Edwar<;t J. Flynn, chairman of the Demo "The district attorney has now had his cratic National Committee, with property Says He's Been Named Ambassador chance. He has failed to secure a proper fix which Mr. Kern asserted was "stolen" from Australia-Bound." ing of responsibility for the crime. We re the city. I ask that all these articles and edi new our urgent request that you instruct the Mr. Kern said that the civil service com torials be printed in the body of the attorney general to appoint a special prose mission had examined upward o,f 30 city em cutor, not affiliated with Mr. Flynn, to do so." RECORD as a part of my remarks. ployees, including the 27 who built the an There being no objection, the matters NOT SURPRISED, KERN SAYS tique Belgian courtyard, and had a subpena lVIr. Kern, deposed president of the munici made out and ready to serve on Mr. Flynn were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, when Mayor F. H. LaGuardift suspended Kern as follows: pal civil service commission, said he would not abate his efforts to expose the "Flynn and the other two members of. the commis [From the New York Times of January 11, flamming" he attributed to the chairman of sion on February 6. 1943] the Democratic National Committee. In a Mr. Kern said: "This favor to Mr. Flynn MR. FLYNN AS MINISTER cost the city in excess of $2,000," and he as statement on the Bronx grand jury's action serted that Mayor LaGuardia had the infor Our prestige abroad, and our morale at Mr. Kern said: mation contained in his accusing statement home, would both be harmed by an action "The presentment is shocking, but not sur "for nearly 4 months." f:O cynical as getting rid of the political em prising. It could hardly be expected that a Mr. Flynn was registered at the Roney barrassment of Edward J. Flynn's presence as district attorney elected by the Flynn ma Plaza Hotel, Miami Beach, Fla., l~t night. nai;ional chairman of the Democratic Party chine would find anything wrong with Ed There was no response to telephone calls to through the device of making him Minister ward J. Flynn. Certain irrevocable facts his room and other efforts to reach him for to Australia. This is so evident that we shall stand as follows: comment on the Kern charges also were un prefer not to believe that this appointment "1. City employees using city-owned pav availip.g. Mr. Flynn is in the South on busi has been offered definitely and irrevocably to ing blocks and equipment, including trucks, ness for the Democratic National Committee. Mr. Flynn until the President himself con- paved the courtyard of the Edward J. Flynn At the home of Mayor LaGuardia, 1274 firms the fact. · estate at Lake Mahopac on November 14, 15, Fifth Avenue, a New York Herald Tribune re In that case there will be no proper course 17, a:nd 18, 1941. porter sent a note to the mayor asking him of action for the Senate except to reject the "2. Edward J. Flynn was present in person whetl~er he cared to comment. The mayor appointment. during this operation and was identified by replied that there would be no comment last six city employees, and said it was a nice job. night. [From the Washington Times-Herald of June "3. No payment to the city or restitution Mr. Kern further charged that Mr. Flynn 18, 1942] of any sort took place until after I disclosed was p1·esent during the building of the an this matter under oath on January 16, more tique Be~gian courtyard and was quoted as HEAD OF JURY IN FLYNN CASE GETS UNITED than 2 months after the job was completed. saying in the presence of at least one city STATES JOB If restitution after disclosure is now a de employee: "It is a nice job." KEw YonK, June 17.-A letter was sent to fense to grand larceny in the Bronx, every The civil service commission's examina the United States Civil Service Commission thief is saved from prosecution merely by tion of the city employees began on January today advising that Daniel A. Daly, foreman returning what he took if he is caught. 16, and Mr. Kern said that some time there of the Bronx grand jury which exonerated "4. Although investigators assigned by the after some of the city . employees who had Democratic National Chairman Edward J. mayor had done nothing on the case after been paid by the city "also received checks Flynn in the Belgian paving-block case, soon December 18, I was three times ordered by from Flynn's gardener." would take a job in Washington. The Citi the mayor to cease my own investigation of "This belated confession of gullt," said Mr. zens Committee to Reopen the Flynn Case this matter on January 20, 21, and 26, 1942. Kern, "coming only after fear of exposure questioned whether "Mr. Daly is being was imminent, and 2 months after the job rewarded for services rendered to Mr. Flynn" INSISTS CRIME WAS COMMITTED was completed, may have been to fabricate · and said people were "beginning to wonder if "These 8,000 paving blocks did not fly to an alibi that these city workers were off duty the road to Washington is paved with Belgian Lake Mahopac on their own initiative to en on the days in question and being pa.td by blocks.'' joy the country air. They were sent there. the c:ty for accumulated overtime." 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE !79 After he started his examination of wit pigeonhole at the main office of Bronx Bor the trucks for the Flynn estate, and in one nesses, and "when this story was completely" ough Works, directing him to go ahead with case where certain of them worked on the in h is possession, Mr. Kern alleged he had the Flynn job. Flynn loading job on a day normally off, they been "assailed by many threats and entreaties "On the morning of November 14, 1941, were given another day off at city expense a. to ~uppress it, on the grounds, among others, two city trucks of 1Yz tons, Nos. 62 and 63, week later to compensate them. that it might embarrass the national admin from the city garage at 181st Street and Web "It should be carefully noted that as far istration in the midst of its war effort to ster Avenue, were assigned to the private job as the record shows of these men and the have the chairman of the Democratic Na on the Flynn estate and left for Lake Maho other workers involved· were merely honest tional Committee so involved." . pac. The assignment continued for some civil-service employees doing the job assigned Mr. Kern had been on close terms with the days thereafter. The trucks were supplied to them by their superiors. No participation Mayor for 12 years, serving as his secretary with large quantities of city gasoline to make in the fraud on the city can possibly be im when Mr. LaGuardia was a Member of several round trips to the Flynn mansion, a puted to them. All of these employees were Congress. round trip distance of 108 miles. truthful, though some were reluctant wit The break in their friendship came when "On the same morning, November 14, a nesses when called. the co:mmission tried to force out four em considerable quantity of city equipment, in "Altogether the record shows 27 city em ployees in the city register's office, replacing cluding wheelbarrows, shovels, rakes, ram ployees were assigned in one way or another them with persons selected by civil-service mers, brooms, etc., were taken to the Flynn at either end of the Flynn job over a main examination. Mr. Kern held the employees estate for the job. This continued daily for period of 4 days. had been handpicked by politicians. The some days thereafter. "Mr. Edward J. Flynn and Mrs. Flynn were mayor said they were entitled to their jobs. "On the same day, November 14, 11 civil present at the job while it was progressing; service employees were assigned to work full DENOUNCED CHANLER were identified by some of the men, and Mr. time on the Flynn job upstate as follows: Flynn is quoted as saying that 'it was a nice The case went into court where Corpora Otto Haselman, foreman; Joseph Theiss, tion Counsel William C. Chanler deserted Mr. paver; Paul Quinn, paver; Thomas Walsh, job.' Kern, who thereupon argued his own case paver; Ralph Fioralli, rammer; Frederick "Mr. Flynn, incidentally, furnished a few and lost. The commission voted to appeal Ueberacher, paver; John Motto, laborer; John loads of sand for the job at his own expense the decision and issued a statement de Drigel, laborer; William Hickey, laborer; while it was in progress, and by this public nouncing Mr. Chanler. William Kramer, laborer; and James Finn, spirited gesture no doubt reduced somewhat Mayor LaGuardia suspended the commis laborer. the cost of the whole project to the city tax sion on charges of insubordination and after SENT BY SUPERIORS, HE SAYS payers. a stormy hearing announced February 16 "No precise estimate of the cost of this pri that Mr. Kern and a fellow commissioner, Dr. "This assignment continued for some days vate job at public expense has yet been made, Wallace S. Sayre, had been removed from thereafter, and general foreman Dennerlein but, on the basis of the number of employees office. The third member of the commission, oversaw the job daily. These men were paid involved, the trucl,ting costs, the amount of Ferdinand Q. Morton, Negro, was reinstated by the city for the days worked on the Flynn city equipment used and the supplies fur because he was ill at home and had no part job at a cost to the taxpayers of several hun nished, plus overhead, it seems certain that in preparing the statement denouncing Mr. dred dollars. this favor to Mr. Flynn cost the city in excess Chanler. Mr. Kern and Dr. Sayre have taken "After this case was broken by the civil of $2,000. A small part of this was charged their removal to the courts, asking rein service commission on January 16, 1942, some against the private plumbers of the Bronx, statement. • of these men also received checks from Fiynn's gardener. This belated confession of since the borough president charged some of Mr. Kern said he was moved to make his the labor to a fund provided by plumbers to charges, because "the public is absolutely en guilt, coming only after fear of exposure was imminent and more than 2 months after the repay the city for the cost of paving cuts titled to know these facts, casting light as made by plumbers. they do upon the character of' one of their job was completed, may have been to fabri cate an alibi that these city workers were off "The record of investigation shows, inci national leaders in this crisis, and that a dentally, incredibly sloppy methods of record great President, absorbed with the tribula duty on the days in question and being paid by the city for accumulated overtime. Suf keeping in the office of the Bronx borough tions of a terrible World War is entitled to president. It shows, for instance, about 20 political leadership superior to that emanat fice it to answer this phony hypothesis by saying that these city workers were sent to laborers charged to the labor gangs, but actu ing from Lake Mahopac." ally assigned to driving cars, many of them The antique Belgian· courtyard was paved the private job by their city superiors, not by private employers; that they were paid in passenger cars for officials. It shows false with about 9,000 old granite paving blocks entries regarding certain of the transactions from three municipal storage yards in the full by the city for the days worked; that they received 'not so much as a drink of water' on here recorded, and a complete failure of rec Bronx, and were laid in a quadrangle about ord keeping regarding other matters. five-eighths·of an inch apart so that the grass the job; that the official pay-roll sheets filed would grow between them Mr. Kern charged. with the comptroller late in November saw "The record indicates, furthermore, in ad· The work was supervised by a landscape no notation of any charge for overtime; that dition to the assignment of large amounts architect hired by Mr. Flynn, according to it is admitted that no written record of such of city equipment, the probability that the the charges. · Mr. Kern said that Work Proj overtime exist3 ir the office of the Bronx Work Projects Administration was charged ects Administration wagons and employees borough president. for at least part of the trucking costs of were also used, but that he could not in "On the same day (November 14) two other carrying the 9,000 stolen city paving blocks vestigate this phase of the work. gangs of city employees, Nos. 33 and 34, were from the Gulden Avenue storage yard to Lake He said the plans for the antique Belgian assigned to loading city-owned t>aving blocks Mahopac, 54 miles away. About 8 trips courtyard were agreed upon fast September onto trucks for transportation to the Flynn were apparently made by heavy trucks on this w'l1en Robert L. Moran, Bronx Commissioner job. About 9,000 such city-owned blocks part of the project, and the records of the of Borough Works, took a municipal foreman were loaded at the Gulden Avenue storage Work Projects Administration for November to Mr. Flynn's county estate in Putnam yard at Gulden Avenue and Two Hundredth indicate the possibility that this trucking was County. Street during that and succeeding days. charged to them. No jurisdiction existed in When the statement was read to him last These were reclaimed blocks with a market the civil service commiEsion to examine this night Mr. Moran said: "We in the borough value to the city of about $100. phase of the case, however, and specific infer· president's office are investigating those "The 2 gangs of civil-service workers as mation in my possession in this regard is charges, and until we finish the investiga signed to this loading job were concrete gangs withheld for fear of aiding the establish· tion, I don't think it would be proper to 33 and 34, whose foremen were Eugene Far ment of an alibi. make a statement. We are not looking to rell and Joseph Verdecanna. In addition to "TELLS OF THREATS get into a controversy with Mr. Kern." the foremen, 2 truck drivers were assigned "Since January 16, when this story was first TEXT OF KERN'S STATEMENT to take these gangs to the Gulden yard for completely in my possession, I have been as loading the blocks on trucks for the Flynn The text Elf Mr. Kern's statement follows: sailed by many threats and entreaties to sup job (not the same trucks used for transpor press it, on the ground, among others, that it "About the middle of last September, Rob tation of the blocks). These were Aubrey ert L. Moran, Bronx Commissioner of Borough might embarrass the national administration J. Cro::s, who drove gang 33 in truck 47 to the in the midst of its war effort to have the Works, took Fred Dennerlein, a general fore loading point for the Flynn job; Michael man of the ·city service to Lake Mahopac, chairman of the Democratic National Com McConnville, who drove the combined gangs mittee so involved. N. Y., to look over and lay out an extensive in truck 22 for the same purpose. construction and paving job proposed to be "I have carefully considered these threats done by the city at the country mansion of GIVES LIST OF MEN ASSIGNED and entreaties at length, and have rejected Edward J. Flynn, chairman of the Democratic "The 10 civil-service employees assigned them. Full public information is, to my National Committee. to the loading itself were Daniel Corslllo, mind, the bulwark of democracy. It is there "Moran is second in command in the Bor Giuseppi Capeluppi., Leonardo Marinaccio, fore my view that the public is absolutely en ough of the Bronx to James J. Lyons, bor John Greco, Vincenzo Pasquale, Anthony Cap titled to know these facts, car:ting light as ough president and product of the Flynn olino, Vincent Pizzano, Dominick Cozenzo, they do upon the character of one of their political machine. James Tracy, and Calogero Rizzo. national leaders. in this crisis, and that a "On about November 13, a typewritten "These men were all paid by the city for great President, absorbed with the tribula message was · left in Dennerlein's ofilcial the work of loading city:owned blocks onto tions of a terrible world war, is entitled to 80 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 'JANUARY 11 political leadership superior _to that ema "Meanwhile there were threats of c'ontempt with citation for contempt or criminal prose nating from Lake Mahopac. or criminal proceedings against the juror. cution in an effort to force him to withdraw "If this story assists to either end, I shall Then followed a continuous session of 10 his statement. feel amply rewarded for the J:ersonal cost at hours on Tuesday before the juror could be Foley's ..first coat of whitewash couldn't which I made it r.ublic. convinced that he had acted un-der 'misap conceal Flynn's venality and the second ~nly · "The mayor has had this information for prehension.' Apparently it was a hard nut served to wash off the first. In the words nearly 4 months." to crack. What happened behind that closed of Paul J. Kern, who was fired from his New door? What arguments were used to per York City job by Flynn's ally, Mayor La [From the New York World-Telegram of suade the juror of his 'error'? Guardia, for exposing the scandal, the net May 20, 1942] "Foley can tell us. He isn't a grand juror result of the whole proceeding is to establish CIVIC GROUPS PRESS FLYNN INVESTIGATION and may speak freely. Let him tell. in Flynn's borough of the Bronx that steal Al thougn the March Bronx grand jury has "When the juror's statement was made ing from the city is not a serious offense but public we offered to present him to the exposure of the theft is. handed up a second prEsentment clearing Governor so that he could tell his story. Democratic National Chairman Edward J. Wouldn't that have been the better way? Flynn in the use of city paving blocks and "We look to the Governor for action. It [From the New York Herald Tribune of May laborers on his Lake Mahopac estate, the must now be clear who it is who is under 21, 1942] critical reaction of civic groups showed today A SECOND PAIL OF WHITEWASH that they have no intention of dropping the mining our judicial administration-whether matter. it is the termites working in the dark or The Bronx grand jury has met again and the 'well-meaning citizens' who seek to let in once more has whitewashed the Honorable Prof. Herman A. Gray and Sydney S. Baron, light and air." ()f the citizens committee to reopen the Flynn Edward J. Flynn, sage of the Bronx, grand case, called the new presentment ••blundering CONDUCT IS DEFENDED panjandrum of the Democratic National and _br_azen." · In its second presentment, the Bronx grand . Committee and present owner of the 8,000 THREATS ALLEGED jury defended its conduct during the inves Belgian paving blocks that mysteriously dis- _ They said that there were "threats of con.; tigation, excoriating the press and the citi appeared from the city's store yards last No tempt or criminal proceedings" against the zens' committee. vember. More in sorrow than in anger the juror who in an affidavit to the committee grand jury has pointed out that whoever JUROR MADE RESEARCH questions its verdict is a nasty man, and last week stated that District Attorney Sam The juror's affidavit pointed out that Mr. uel .J. Foley's advice to the grand jury had that its member who (counter to rules and Foley told the jury that he and his "capable" regulations) made a statement which implied "prevented it from seriously considering an staff would go through the evidence in the indictment," and that it took the grand jury that the jury had been instructed how it Kern and Herlands investigations and "would should act in the matter of the Belgian pav 10 hours yesterday to convince the "recalci bring to the attention. of the grand jury any ing blocks was nothing but an ignoramus trant" juror he acteq under "misapprehen- discrepancies which might be found." sion." · who didn't know the .law when he met it "From some personal research I made in face to face in the jury room, and who, be Revelation of the juror's name to the grand the Herlands testimony," the juror stated, sides speaking out of turn, said things which jury was forced by the grand jury through "I do not think that that promise was car he· had no business to say and which, there its subpena power, the committee · spokes ried out, especially with regard to one very fore, were not true. With heroic tenacity men said. They added they would give Gov important instance." This brought this re the grand· jury reaffirmed its previous findings ernor Lehman reasonable time to answer ply, in last night's presentment: in all and every particular. By implication, their request, based on the juror's statement, "Upon consideration of paragraph 4 of the . the Honorable Eddy Flynn is now so white to order a new investigation of the Flynn affidavit, we find that all of the discrepancies and pure that even the cherubim arid sera case, and if they met with a refusal or re which were known to us were brought to the phim will be envious of him. ceived no answer they would consider what attention of the respective witnesses by the This is all very well as an example of steps to take to force a reopening of the district attorney or by individual members table-thumping self-exculpation in the face investigation. of the grand jury and each point cleared up of criticism which has been as bitter as it George H. Hallett, Jr., secretary of the Citi to our satisfaction and there can be no criti has been devastating. Many a child has zens Union, which twice asked Governor Leh cism concerning this point." used the same tactics when told he has made man to supersede l.\fr . Foley, announced that "This grand jury refuses to be coerced by a mistake. Lewis Carroll, in the Hunting of the executive committee would meet later in · any politically . minded group of politically the Snark, quotes "this man that they used the day to discuss the Flynn case, in particu-:. motivated individuals," the presentment to call dunce" as saying: lar, the application of Robert L. Moran, Bronx concluded. "The grand jury clearly and con " 'Tis the note of the jubjub; keep count, I Borough works commissioner, for retirement. cisely set forth its findings in its prior pre He said the union probably would urge entreat; sentment; it represented their views then You will find I have told it you twice. the board of estimate at its meeting tomor and does so now." row to investigate Mr. Moran's part in the 'Tis the song of the jubjub. The proof is case before it· grants him a pension. complete [From the Chicago Tribune of May 2'5, 1942] If only I've stated it thrice." LEOPARD'S SPOTS UNCHANGED THE WHITEWASH Is GETTING THIN All that now remains is for the grand jury Speaking of the grand jury's new present Ed "Paving Blocks" !<'lynn's golfing partner to convene a third time and a third time to n:ent, Mr. Hallett said: and political man Friday, District Attorney say that all is rosy in the otherwise festered "Apparently the ].eopard hasn't changed Samuel J. Foley, of the Bronx, reached the Bronx, and fihe proof will be complete. his spots. It is more of the same thing." conclusion that his coat of whitewash which What the gentlemen of the jury, like the Paul J. Kern, ousted head of the municipal · his grand jury applied to the Democratic Governor and the Bronx district attorney, civil service commission, who was the first to national chairman wasn't sticking any too overlook is that the presentment which has expose the Flynn case, commented: :wen. The grand jury had been forced by been reaffirmed is in itself a severe indict "Two coats of whitewash on Mr. Flynn publicity to investigate the theft of city ment. The presentment finds that approxi will not conceal what one coat failed to hide: owned paving blocks, which later were laid mately 8,000 second-hand granite paving that is, city-owned paving blocks were laid by city labor in a courtyard in Flynn's coun .. , blocks, the property of the city of New York, by city employees with city equipment at Mr. try estate. Flynn made restitution after were transported from the city to Mr. Flynn's Flynn's Lake Mahopac estate November 14, the graft was exposed and the grand jury Lake Mahopac estate and were laid by city 15, '17, and 18, 1941, and that no restitution brought in the strange report that although workmen who had been transported in city of any kind had been made until I exposed the crime had been committed, no one was cars. This confirms the charge made before this case more than 2 months later." indictable for it. the grand jury met. The presentment then The statement issued by Professor Gray Much light was thrown on the incident proceeds to recite that "after the issuance and Mr. Baron follows: when one of the grand jurors made an am of ·subpe:1as by the civil service commission "We expected that the dirty old whitewash davit that Flynn's district attorney, Foley, indicated that an investigation was forward, would get a new coat, but nothing quite as had instructed the jurors that an indict all of the city employees who worked at blundering and brazen as this. On Friday ment could not be voted if allegedly stolen Mahopac received checks covering their full morning we made public a sworn statement, property had been returned before the grand time at the city rate of pay, and approxi voluntarily made by a grand juror, that jury indicted. That is the old pickpocket's mately 8,000 blocks were returnEd to · the Foley advice to the grand jury had prevented defense of offering to return the victim's city yards." In other words, when it became it from seriously considering an indictment. wallet 1! he will refrain from testifying in apparent that this utterly irregular transac If that statement were untrue, Foley could court and has no standing whatever in the tion might become a public scandal, restitu and should have denied it promptly. He law. tion was made to the city. Yet we are ex hasn't done so yet. The jury itself, at Foley's · When the affidavit was made public Mr. pected to believe that this work, which was call, met Monday morning in extraordinary Foley called his grand jury back into session. , done by city employees on the estate of Mr. session for more than 3 hours. But it There was no further attempt to investigate Edward J. Flynn, was not done by them couldn't produce so simple a thing as a de Flynn. Instead, the grand juror who spilled at his request. Apparently Commissioner nial. Inst ead it forced the revelation of the the beans was, according to members of the Moran and his foreman, from the office of juror's n::tme throut;h its subpena power. New York Citizens' committee, threatened the Bronx borough president, supervised the _1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 81 work for purely altruistic reasons, because Flynn, replied: "Well, he is a public figure to only on my own behalf, as I happen to they loved their friend · and protector, Mr. some extent. His name is known." be a member of the committee, but I can Flynn, so dearly, and suspected that he State Department .officials declined to be would be surprised and pleased to find his drawn into any discussion of the nomination, assure him also, I think, on behalf of the courtyard paved with city blocks by city pointing out that this was a purely White chairman of the committee, the Senator employees when he returned from sunning House matter. No comment could be ob from Texas [Mr. CoNNALLY], that what himself in Florida. tained on reports that earlier proposals to ever may be involved touching the pro· The grand jury can reaffirm its present appoint Flynn to one of the smaller South priety of this appointment, or the effi ment a hundred times without convincing or Central American republics had been side- cHmcy or the qualifications of Mr. Flynn the people that mere repetition makes the tracked by the State Department. • to be Minister to Australia, will be in proof complete. It is a little too much ·to President Roosevelt previously has given quired into by the committee to which expect New Yorkers to ignore the fact that thr rank of ambassador to personal repre the district attorney who had charge of the sentatives sent abroad, as in the recent case the nomination has been referred. It case, as well as the judge before whom the of William Phillips, veteran diplomat, who seems to me we might very well await presentment was handed down, together on last December 11 was sent to troubled the findings of that committee with re with one of the principal individuals who India as the President's personal envoy. spect to the matter. took part in the laying of the blocks-Mr. Earlier, Myron C. Taylor had been given a Mr. BRIDGES. Will the Senator yield Robert J. Moran-were close political and similar title, with unofficial rank as ambas now? personal associates of the chairman of the sador for social purposes, when he was sent Mr. BARKLEY. I yield. Democratic National Committee on whose to the Vatican. property· the blocks were laid-as is Gov But the Flynn appointment, as announced Mr. BRIDGES. The Senator says the ernor Lehman, who has done his share to by Flynn, would be in a different category, Senator from New Hampshire might well shield Mr. Flynn from a fair and impartial since in neither of the earlier cases was there have waited until the Foreign Relations investigation. an American Minister already on the ground. Committee had acted. Let me say that The present Minister to Australia is Nelson it might have been proper for Mr. Flynn (From the Washington Post of January 7, T. Johnson,.who is a career diplomatist, with to have waited until Mr. Roosevelt sent 1943.] long experience in China before he was ap in his nomination, rather than make pointed to his present post. It is believed DIPLOMATIC SURPRISE-FLYNN SAYS HE'S BEEN the announcement himself, which is the that he will retain that post. NAMED AMBASSADOR-AUSTRALIA-BOUND Flynn said he expected to leave for Aus customary procedure. (By James M. Minifie) tralia the first week in February. Mr. BARKLEY. In other words, the Announcement by Edward J. Flynn, retir "I am very happy," he declared. !'I think Senator from New Hampshire is taking ing chairman of the Democratic National it is a splendid opportunity to do a great Mr. Flynn, whom he criticizes, as an ex Committee, that he had been chosen as Presi deal of work connected with the war." ample for what he does here now in ad dent Roosevelt's. ambassador and personal However, there have been strong reports in vance of the action of the committee. representative and as Minister to Australia the Capital that Postmaster General Frank Mr. BRIDGES. I hope that if the was received with surprise in American and C. Walker would become chairman if Flynn British circles here yesterday. resigned. majority leader looks into this case Flynn at a press conference in New York, throughly, and finds the facts of it, he had issued a 'statement saying: Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, I do will be leading the opposition against Mr. "The President has today appointed me his not wish to take the time of the Senate Flynn. ambassador and personal representative, and at this moment to discuss the nomina Mr. BARKLEY. I make no prediction will send to the Senate on Monday my nomi tion of Mr. Flynn to be Minister to Aus about that. I shall be governed by the nation as Minister Plenipotentiary to Aus tralia. I realize, as we all do, I suppose, facts, and I shall be governed ·by them, tralia. that the fact that Mr. Flynn was in I hope, in fairness and in a judicial man "I have called a meeting 'of the Democratic volved in some way in the use of some National Committee for Monday, January 18, ner, and not by reason of political prej 1943, at 10:30 a. m. at the Mayflower Hotel, paving blocks in the State of New York udice. Washington, D. C. constitutes a convenient political peg Mr. BRIDGES. I am sure the Senator "At that meeting I will resign as chairman upon which to hang criticism. I have will not have any political prejudice of the Democratic National Committee. no knowledge of that transaction except against Mr. Flynn. I am very sure of "I have also called a meeting of the execu as I have received, from one who knows, thtl,t. tive committee of the democratic county information which I regard as reliable. Mr. BARKLEY. The Senator from committee of Bronx County for tomorrow, The matter involved was investigated by New Hampshire is more certain of that Saturday, at 11 a. m., at which time I will two grand juries in the State of New than he is of many other things which resign as chairman of ;the executive com York. I suppose at least on the surface, mittee of the democratic county committee have happened in the Senate which have of Bronx County." and prima facie, we have to assume that been sponsored and discussed by the Flynn said he understood President Roose those grand juries were honest. Senator from New Hampshire. I wish velt \would give out the text of the letter in Whether it is necessary to investigate to say that I have appreciated the attitude Washington yesterday, in which he said it again before a grand jury of New York of the Senator from New Hampshire on would be explained that "I have more or I do not know, and it is not any concern many things which have been before the less a roving commission in the So~th Pacific of mine whether the processes of justice Senate of the United States. He has in as the President's personal representative and in New York City or New York State re many instances and in many situations ambassador." quire further grand jury investigation. The White House was obviously a little put exhibited a broad-minded statesmanship out at being beaten to the gun on the an Mr. BRIDGES. Mr. President, will w:PJch I have admired, and it is for that nouncement. No confirmation of the nomi the Senator yield? reason that I adjure him, if I may use nation was available there, although it was Mr. BARKLEY. The nomination of such a word, to be equally judicious and not denied. William D. Hassett, White House Mr. Flynn has been sent to the Senate fair in his attitude in this matter. secretary, said: "There will be nothing from by the President, and it has been re Mr. BRIDGES. I certainly shall be, the White House tonight on it." ferred to the Committee on Foreign Re and I hope the Senator will adopt the Asked whether it was not somewhat un lations. I think the Senator from New same fair attitude. usual for the announcement of an appoint ment of this nature to come from the re Hampshire at least might await the in Mr. BARKLEY. I shall do that. cipient rather than the White House, Hassett vestigation and report of that commit Mr. BRIDGES. I shall be interested said: "I shall let you be the judge of that." tee before he comes forth with a tirade in the attitude of the Senator from Ken It was treated with outright skepticism at against Mr. Flynn. I realize that the tucky and of some of his associates, one the Canadian Legation, where a representa Senator from New Hampshire will get of whom-and I hope he is on the floor tive of the senior Dominion pointed out that the first headlines in the papers tomor now-gave an endorsement of Mr. Flynn, "surely the word 'Ambassador' must be wrong. row by his attack upon Mr. Flynn, and which I read in the newspapers. I was There is no law, of course, but the invariable custom of the junior members of the Com that is always a position of advantage; certainly amazed that the Senator from monwealth has been to send and receive min but in all sincerity it seems to me that New Mexico [Mr. HATCH] should be en isters, not ambassadors." the Senator from New Hampshire and dorsing "Boss" Flynn. I was not sur At the Australian Legation, officials at first the Senate itself might well await the prised at some of the others who en turned down inquirers with the formal "No action of the Committee on Foreign Re dorsed him, but I was surprised at the comment," but when asked if they knew lations. I can state to the Senator, not endorsement by the Senator from New LXXXI.X-6 82 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JANUARY 11 Mexico, whom I hold in high esteem and the ship's crew held for their fighting under the hell of heavy fire will be in who is known to be the author of acts skipper. delibly written into the history of our to clean up politics. How he could come What a sterling leader this Captain times, I feel that the account of this far out for "Boss" Flynn is more than I can Gatch. What a gallant captain he, who reaching victory should become a recog understand. built up within his brave crew such a nized part Of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. Mr. BARKLEY. I have said all I care profound respect, such an abiding con When I speak of victory, I do not speak to say about the matter. fidence, that they would sail willingly merely of that complete and total mili wi.th him into the jaws of lurking death. tary destruction which must come to EPIC OF A BATI'LESHIP-TRIBUTE TO Such leadership as this must not go un Tojo and Hitler, and to the evil and op AMERICAN OFFICERS AND MEN cited and unsung. It is such wise and pressive forces which they have loosed Mr. DAVIS. Mr. President, out of the confidence-born leadership as this that upon the world. I mean that full and vast movements, skirmishes, and battles will lead America into that better and productive victory above and beyond this which are war there emerges from time more productive era which lies ahead. military struggle. I mean that social to time a decisive action-an epic of My son also told me of the heavy de victory of growth, progress, and security, courage, bravery, and precision which struction wrought upon the enemy, or wherein we shall conquer the forces of marks a guide post, a turning point in a his Ultimate fiight, and of our relentless poverty, unemployment, and their at~ . great struggle. Such an epic action has pursuit of his fieeing remnants. This tendant chaos. That is the final vic recently been brought to the notice of stirring account was not completed until tory-the only victory worthy of the the American people by the publication the dawn had fully ripened. price. Wise policy, progressive outlook, of the daring exploits of Captain Gatch Senators, that was a thrilling story, and determined application will gain and his crew aboard a United States bat such a story as can be told by every that victory for us. The young men who tleship somewhere in the southwest Pa American father and mother who has fight and die on the fields of battle are cific. listened to the experiences of gallant sons doing their part. Let us here not fail to Mr. President, these are the exploits who have been in action on the :fighting do ours. of a battleship-that much-maligned fronts. It is proof positive that in spite Mr. President, I ask unanimous con weapon which our armchair strategists of the many dour rumblings we have sent to have printed in the RECORD the have loudly proclaimed to be an obsolete heard about the weakness and frivolity article portraying this great event, which ~md utterly useless weapon, untenable in of the young American, we may now take was written by Hugh Morrow, and which the face of combined sea and air attack. great heart in the knowledge that when appeared in the January 4 issue of the Senators, when the complete history of the chips are down, when the battle lines Philadelphia Inquirer. this war shall have been written we shall are drawn, the young American has got There being no objection, the article find that the battleship has more than it in him. He is a fighting man. He w~s ordered to be printed in the RECORD, justified itself as an essential component will engage and defeat the enemy. as follows: of that impoctant concept of "balanced These are the young men-men from UNITED STATES BATTLESHIP'S SAGA-DOWNED 32 military strength" which Admiral Wood the farm, the factory, and the counting J AP PLANES AND SANK 4 WARCRAFT ward has so recently and so ably de house-whose chorus of "Aye, aye!" rang (By Hugh Morrow) scribed. out across the churning ocean when their WASHINGTON, January 3.-The Navy today Some time before this story was re gallant skipper, Gatch, asked them if proudly revealed the thrilling story of a leased for public consumption I received they were willing to sail into the menac United States battleship in the southwest a graphic account of all its glowing de ing mouth of an enemy-laid trap. These Pacific wh'ich shot down 32 Jap planes arid tails from the lips of a young, alert junior are the same young Americans whom our thwarted the heaviest air attack ever made officer who had p:;>,rticipated in these ac boastful and misguided enemies held up on a battleship, rmd less than 3 weeks later sank 3 enemy cruisers and a destroyer or light tions. This young man had traveled the to the world as being so soft, so fragile, cruiser. world over on his own initiative-work so afraid to fight. The answer to those It was a story of superb equipment-of 16- ing his way from port to port during his hollow epithets is now being heard round inch guns which wiped out the 3 Jap summer vacations away from college. the world. To all those who may still cruisers before the foe knew what was hit.. He is only one of the many thousands of doubt the ability of young America to ting them, of antiaircraft guns which de this type of sturdy, young Americans fight, I say let them read the record stroyed all 20 dive bombers in the first wave who have so bravely responded to the that glorious record written in the rock of raiders, and allowed only 2 of the 64 needs of their country-the type of cliffs of Bataan, the steaming jungles of planes which came over in the next 2 waves young American in whom we may all New Guinea, the endless sands of North to get within striking distance. Even then, 1 of those 2 planes was destroyed, and take unbounded pride. What he and Africa, the vast expanses· of the seven its torpedo churned away harmlee:sly through others like him are doing all across this seas, and the trackless air fronts all the sea. In all, the battleship sank or dam embattled world has been very vividly · across the world. aged 8 Jap wars.hips. portrayed by this newspaper account of Yes, the exploits of this generation of But it was even more a tale of intelligent the bravery and daring exhibited by Americans are being written in every out and courageous men-of nearly 2,000 voices Captain Gatch and his indomitable crew. post of the globe. Their deeds are no less chorusing "Aye, aye!" when the captain That young junior officer is my son. worthy, no less honorable than were the asked if the men were ready for battle; o! When this epic battle had ended in deeds of the great American heroes who green enlisted men and newly commissioned junior officers who fought like veterans; of the complete and frenzied rout of the have gone before. Negro and Filipino mess boys who manned enemy, my son's ship put into an Amer Let us honor, let us pay tribute to these antiaircraft guns and kept them blazing ican port. After taking leave of his gallant men. They bear well the stand while a Jap dive bomber cut loose a 500- officers and friends, my son proceeded ard of courage and freedom which was pounder only 100 feet above their heads. homeward by the first possible means, passed on to them by their unfaltering It also was the story of a square-jawed, arriving there in the bleak, gray hours forefathers. These young men shall not 51-year-old :lighting lawyer, who was sta of the early morning. Anxious to see falter in the great cause. With con tioned at the Philadelphia Navy Yard in 1922 tinued victories such as this daring tri and left his desk in the Judge Advocate Gen his family, and knowing how much his eral's office in Washington only last Febru homecoming meant to me, he roused me umph scored in the waters o:ff the Solo ary to take over his wartime command at sea. from a sound slumber. It was 3: 15 a. m. mons, they shall forever preserve the He is Capt. Thomas Leigh Gatch, of An After the great joy of our renewed meet name of glorious America. napolis, Md., who had an artery in his neck ing had somewhat subsided, he unfolded Mr. President, because I believe that torn open and an arm left dangling uselessly to me the details of this great engage this notable victory represents an out when bomb fragments struck him during the ment. He told me of the heroism, cour standing epic in the history of sea war air assault, yet was back on the job in the surface action which came 3 weeks later age, and resolution of American officers fare, an epic which sounds the clarion and turned what the Japs thought would be and men; of their gallant exploits in a call of an inevitable United Nations vic a trap for American ships into a blazing violent, seething storm of hell and fire; of tory in this titanic struggle against tyr graveyard tor · the arrogant warriors o! the wounds which man and officer bore anny, and because I believe that the in Nippon. without flinching from the fight; of the spiring deeds of gallantry and courage The story of Captain Gatch's ship 1s a deep respect and abiding faith which all performed by these yourig Americans spine-tingling chapter of the engagements 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 83 leading up to and including the now famous four dive bombers and torpedo planes staged of the" ·island. At full speed, destroyers battle of Guadalcanal, fought chiefly of! the assault. leading, the force tore through the narrow, Savo Island at the northern tip of Guadal Apparently so he could look over his entire shoal-filled and dangerous waters. Near the canul. ship during the attack, since planes directly southern end of the island, Jap cruisers and The outline of that battle-in which the above cannot be seen from the bridge, Cap destroyers, waiting in ambush along the cliffs, .Taps lost 28 ships, including a battleship tain Gatch had left his armored battle launched a torpedo attack on the American and another battleship or heavy cruiser and station. destroyers. we lost 9 ships-has been sketched in pre "I was out on the catwalk in front of the Four searchlights from a Jap cruiser lighted vious Navy communiques. bridge, where I had no business to be," he Captain Gatch's battleship. Cruisers and a But the story of the battleship, based said. Jap battleship which steamed into the action largely on Captain Gatch's reports to the One dive bomber got through the anti opened fire. Navy Department, served to show even better aircraft fire. "Within a second after the searchlights than the statistical record the kind of men ·"I saw its bomb released from not more were on us," Captain Gatch said, "our second and ships that are going through hell for us than 100 feet above the forward part of the ary batteries opened up and their searchlights and perhaps, too, to settle the question of ship. I hoped it would strike a turret and went out. Then 30 seconds later, our main whether the battleship is obsolete. not the deck, for it was a good-sized bomb, batteries fired. We were fighting the cruisers. First came the air attack, on October 26. probabiy a 500-pounder, and it might blow a "One of our own battleships ahead of us American aircraft carriers, with protective hole in the deck and kill people underneath; was pouring shells into the Jap battleship, forces, were moving out to meet three Japa and certainly it would kill many in gun crews but now and again the big enemy ship would nese carriers coming from the north of the on the deck itself," Captain Gatch reported. turn one our way, until the United States Solomons. Captain Gatch's battleship was "The automatic guns forward were manned battleship ahead silenced it." · . escorting one of the big flat-tops. by mess attendants, some Filipinos, some One of the cruisers hit the conning tower "Ask the men if they are ready," Captain . Negroes. They never stopped firing for a of Captain Gatch's ship, starting a fire. Gatch said quietly. second. Those men are good. "I was on the catwalk," the captain said. Over the public-address system, the com "The bomb did land on top of a turret. "I'd been dying for a cigarette, and now I munications officer read the captain's mes That was the only hit we took, and it was thought I ·could have one, so I drew my sage. the one that got me." lighter. From stem to stern, from engine room to Damage to the ship since has been re "One of the men shouted, 'Captain, sir! conning t ower, welled up the response to the paired, the Navy said. You'll give away our position!' I just looked bridge. The bomb fragments and concussion, be up at the flames near the top of our mast "Aye, aye!" chorused nearly 2,000 voices. side tearing open the captain's neck and rip and finished the cigarette." The men were ready. ping the muscles of his shoulder so his left Then the battle was over. The fire on Cap Then came the Japs. Downward screamed arm hung injured, hurled the captain against tain Gatch's ship was extinguished. The bat- the planes bearing the insignia of the Rising the conning tower and knocked him uncon -tleship-destroyer force had sunk one Jap Sun. The carrier was the first objective. scious. The executive officer took over com battleship (or heavy cruiser), three cruisers Then the enemy flyers spotted the battle mand-and the attack passed. The Japs and one destroyer, and had damaged another ship. Visions of a second Repulse or Pdnce had had enough for 1 day. battleship, a cruiser, and a destroyer. of Wales (British battleships sunk in the In less than 3 weeks, although his left arm Later, Captain Gatch sat down to write Java Sea) must have passed through their still dangled-and does today-Captain his report to the Navy Department-a report minds. Twenty dive bombers tore for the Gatch was spoilfng for another fight. which he concluded with these words: battlewagon. "I don't expect you to strangle Japs," his "Not one of the ship's company flinched But the Japs reckoned without the rows admiral told him, so Captain Gatch took from his post or showed the least disaffection." of antiaircraft guns bristling along the bat his battleship into its second action. ORDER FOR ADJOURNMENT TO THURSDAY tleship's length. They weren't ready for the This was the night battle of November 14. curtain of steel flung thousands of ·yards by It was the same battle in which the cruiser -Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, there the secondary battery of larger guns. Boise, now under repairs at Philadelphia, and is no business for the Senate to trans Captain Gatch gave his orders to the the cruiser San Francisco distinguished act at this time. I understand the senior helmsman. themselves, although these ships were not Senator from Pennsylvania [Mr. DAVIS] "Our ship was cutting circles and figure in the same task force as Captain Gatch's desires to address the Senate at some S's and ot her maneuvers without names," group of battleships and destroyers. length. I therefore aslt unanimous con he reported later. "I was more afraid of ram "We headed into Windy Gulch," Captain ming the carrier we ·were protecting than of Gatch reported. (Windy Gulch is the Amer sent that at the conclusion of his ad the attacking planes." icans' name for the strait between Guadal dress the Senate stand in adjournment And from that wildly maneuvering war canal and Savo Islands.) "We got into a until Thursday next at 12 o'clock noon. ship, flaming steel poured into the heavens. far corner and slowed down. We found no The PRESIDING OFFICER 0,000 tons; antimony, entirely on' its domestic resources for ton. In Oregon a second discovery of 2,000,000 tons; mercury, 1,000 1000 tons, war materials. commercial-grade ore was made by ·and iron ore, 37,000,000 tons. The Bu Much credit can be given the Bureau drilling in an old mine which had closed reau e~timates that more than 18,000,- for its foresight and long-range plan because of laclt of ore. 000 tons· of various metals can be ex ning, which already have paid the United In the fiscal year 1941 the largest and tracted from the ore reserves mapped out Nations large dividends during the pres most important discovery of tungsten ore thus far in its exploratory program. ent war years. The Bureau is making a in the Nation's history was made by the In fulfiiling their assignment, Bureau substantial contribution to America's Bureau of Mines and the Geological Sur engineers· have overcome many difficul war-time production. More war metals vey. This rich deposit now is being de ties. Operations were carried on in the than this country ever had dreamed of veloped for the war. In other explora sub-zero winter temperatures of Alaska producing poured out of our blast fur tions, the Bureau's engineers, I am ad and in the intense summer heat of the naces, our smelters, and our processing vised, charted deposits which indicated desert. To give an idea of the magnitude plants last year. There must be no let probable tungsten ore reserves of 150,000 of the program, the Bureau since mid- down this year, next year, or so long as tons, with reasonable expectations of de 1939 has drilled more than 1,000 holes for this war lasts. That is why Bureau of veloping several hundred thousand tons a total of more than 200,000 feet, and ob Mines experts and the hundreds of thou more. Through this work of disclosing tained more than 60,000 samples of ore. sands of men in the industrial field must new reserves of tungsten ore, some mines, The records also show that 62 camps keep on working on an around-the-clock previously closed because it was thought have been built and 70 miles of road and schedule to explore, develop, and utilize the reserves were depleted, have re some 50 miles of trails have been built; our mineral resources. opened. more than 175,000 linear feet and 140,000 STRATEGIC MINERALS Basing its recommendations on explor cubic yards of trenching was done; and Noting the war clouds hovering over atory worlc and metallurgical research, shafts tota!ing nearly 18,000 feet, were Europe and Asia, the Bureau of Mines the Bureau has proposed building plants sunk. and the Geological Survey in February which would provide enough manganese Meanwhile, the Bureau has been lend of 1939 issued a document termed "Report from low-grade domestic ores to pro ing a helping hand to prospectors and Upon Certain Deficient Strategic Min duce 87,000,000 tons of steel annually. others who carry on their own explora erals." In it the following statement Another recommendation was made for tory work. In 12 months, more than appeared: an alumina-production program to pro 7,000 samples of o~e were submitted to This report discusses the situation of the vide a gradual change from the use of the Bureau for analysis. United States with respect to seven of the high-grade bauxite to clays, thus making METALLURGICAL ADVANCEMENT minor metals that are so eesential in modern the United States independent of im Since many of the ores which have industrial activity, that to do without them ported bauxite for aluminum. This plan, been charted in the United States are would require a drastic reorganization in like the manganese program, was sub complex or low grade, or both, they would present practices. mitted to the War Production Board. lie idle unless methods were developed The metals listed were manganese, By drilling, trenching, and other explor for treating them. Thus, the 13ureau chromium, mercury, tung~ten, nickel, atory work in Arkansas, Georgia, Okla simultaneously is conducting tar-reach tin, and antimony. Pointing out that homa, and other States, Bureau engi ing studies so that these ores will give up these metals are essential in peace and neers have made known new deposits of their·wealth of metal. Methods already vital in war, the Bureau then stated: bauxite estimated to contain about have been developed for the concentra In none of them is the United States self 5,000,000 tons of ore. tion of various manganese ores to ferro sufficient. These facts indicate a situation An iron ore deposit of moderate size grade manganese; for the recovery of that requires the earnest attention of those. was indicated after Bureau engineers chromium and ferrograde chromite from upon whom falls the responsibility for the explored an iron-bearing formation in low-grade chromite ores; for the produc national safety in any emergency that would California. Small deposits were ex tion of magnesia and magnesium; for the cut us off from foreign sources of supply. plored in two other areas in Arizona and extraction of alumina from some clays EXPLORATORY WORK Oregon, respectively. and alunite; for increased production of In the same year Congress passed the The magnitude of the exploratory lead; and for the beneficiation of ores Strategic Materials Act, and the Bureau work being conducted by the Bureau of containing antimony, copper, iron, mer of Mines sent its engineers into the field Mines is revealed in the following figures cury, tungsten, nickel, zinc, and fluor with orders to map reserves of ores bear given me by the Bureau: In a 1-year spar. ing those metals, instructed its metal period alone 740 deposits containing Throughout 1942 the Bureau reported lm·gists and chemists to find practical strategic minerals were given prelimi regularly to other war agencies the methods of beneficiating them, if pos· nary examination and were indexed and progress of its metallurgical research. sible, and to find possible substitutes. rated as to their relative importance. For example, further improvements The list of minerals upon which the Bu In slightly more than 2 years the Bu were made in the Bureau's electrolytic reau has concentrated its work has been reau's exploratory work has increased the manganese process to provide additional increased since 1939, and noted gains estimated reserves of strategic, critical, impetus to the production of this vital have been made in virtually every field. and ess0ntial ores by more than 65,000,- metal from low-grade and complex do In the fiscal year 1942 alone several 000 tons. Last year the reserves of chro mestic ores. A company in Tennessee million tons of chromium ore were mite, manganese, mercury, iron ore, turned out high-purity manganese with mapped in Montana, California, Oregon, tungsten, nickel, bauxite, and high this process, and the Bureau continued and Alaska, and three of these deposits alumina clay were increased by more the production of the metal in one of its now are in production, furnishing than 41,000,000 tons. About 2,000 de own pilot plants. Manganese produced chromium for valves, armor-piercing posits of war minerals have been studied by the Bureau is being utilized by the 86 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JANUARY 11 Federal Government for lend-lease and perts into the field to solve the problem. erage of 33 tons of water must be pumped to replace nickel in the 5-cent coin, thus Some west-coast sands, when treated by from the mines for each ton of anthra freeing more nickel for use in war ma scrubbing off iron stains and removing cite produced. We need more and more teriel. other undesirable materials, were found anthracite for the war, and the Bu- . In order to study the recovery and to be suitable substitutes, and one of the reau of Mines should be enabled to do its processing of minerals from the Pacific larger glass companies is constructing a part in efforti to help the industry fill Northwest on a broader scale the Bureau plant in California which will use meth the gap created by the shortage of fuel has been authorized to establish an ods developed by the Bureau and will oil on the east coast and to lessen the electrodevelopment laboratory in that produce high-grade glass sand in large burden of the byproduct coke ovens region, where hydroelectric power is quantities. using bituminous coal and facing peak available from Bonneville and Grand The known reserve of ceramic talc demands from blast furnaces. The Pres Coulee dams. Plans call for a staff of suitable for radio insulators was found ident has advised me that because of metallurgists to seek improved methods inadequate for expanded needs. The the critical need of materials which go of recovering magnesium and aluminum Geological Survey searched for proper into construction he does not favor from the ores of the Pacific Northwest grades of talc, and the Bureau of Mines building the anthracite research labora and to conduct research in the process tested the samples to remove impurities. tory during the war. Nevertheless, if ing of tungsten, chromium, manganese, As a result, increased production of radio the Bureau were given the $175,000 in vanadium, and other strategic and criti ceramic talc along the lines recom operating funds authorized in the act, it cal minerals found in that area. mended by the Bureau of Mines is could initiate research of value in the A commercial-size pilot plant for in expected. prosecution of the war with the use of vestigating the best methods of produc Substitutes were .needed for magnesite existing facilities pending the construe· ing sponge iron on a commercial scale brick, a refractory made of material for tion of the anthracite research station. will be operated by the Bureau of Mines merly imported from Austria and Greece. CONSULTING SERVICE ~t Laramie, Wyo. On the basis of its Deposits of volcanic rock, found in the Throughout 1942 the Bureau of Mines studies to date, the Bureau concludes Eastern States and in the far West, accelerated its work in the field of solid that sponge iron can be utilized as a suit were studied, and methods were devel fuels. Because of the increased number able substitute for scrap iron to mix with oped for producing forsterite from these. of requests resulting directly from the ordinary pig iron in manufacturing steel. Tests show that forsterite is a workable war, it expanded its consulting service Sponge iron is the product of a process substitute for magnesite brick. for all Federal Government agencies re whereby metallic iron is obtained di ANTHRACITE LABORATORY garding the purchas.e and operation of rectly from ore without going through steam generating and heating equip the liquid state. This method, Bureau Mr. President, early in January 1941, ment, the purchase and analysis of coal, metallurgists believe, is adaptable to Representative FENTON, of Fennslvania, and the conditioning of water used in smaller and less expensive plants than introduced in the House, and I intro boilers. the standard blast-furnace operation. duced in the Senate, a bill providing fQr a comprehensive study of the anthracite For many months, the Bureau of NONMETALLICS RESEARCH region to aid in the solution of its eco Mines has been analyzing water sam The problem of removing impurities nomic problems; for the establishment ples from scores of Army posts and sta from low-grade bauxite has been tackled, and operation of a research laboratory tions to determine ways of lengthening and improved methods of washing the in the Pennsylvania anthracite region; the life of the equipment and solving ore have resulted. Under a special ap for the development of new uses and operating problems. Virtually all these propriation from Congress, studies have markets; for improvement in health and posts and stations are equipped with the been completed on processes for extract safety in mining; and for the maximum Bureau's test kit, which permits the op ing alumina from siliceous bauxite. The usefulness ·in the war effort of human erating engineer to conduct his own tests lime-soda sintering process was one of resources. . and thus control the chemicals fed to the methods thought most practical, In 1941, by joint resolution, the Seven the boilers to minimize the accumulation and processes were worked out to give ty-seventh Congress created the Federal of sludge or other undesirable materials. high recoveries of alumina of satisfac Anthracite Coal Commission to study the Because of this service, the efficiency tory grade. As a result, this process is problems of the hard-pressed anthracite of boilers has been increased and the life to be tested in a pilot plant. Federal war industry. President Roosevelt appointed of the equipment has been extended many agencies constantly call upon the Bureau me as one of the two Members of the months. for assistance in the field of nonmetal Senate on that Commission. The Com In a 12-month period alone, several lies, and the Bureau's experts respond mission found that the vast anthracite thousand coal analyses were made. Ap promptly. industry is fighting great odds, but that proximately one-half of these were for Anticipating that the metallurgical it can be helped to its feet with the aid the War and Navy Departments in their demands for bauxite will make it neces of research and economic and techno purchases of large quantities of coal. sary to substitute clay for bauxite in logic investigations. The Commission The task of making these analyses for making aluminum sulfate for treating recommended that such work be under the awarding of Government coal con water and manufacturing paper, the taken. The Congress, in the last few tracts is immense. Bureau of Mines coal Bureau has studied methods of treating days it was in session, passed an act sampling trucks in 1 year visited nearly clays to provide suitable substitutes. which authorizes the Bureau of Mines 500 mines in a dozen States and collected Properly calcined kaolin can now be rec to establish a research laboratory in the more than 1,500 samples. The result has ommended as a substitute for bauxite. anthracite field. It was proposed that been that many thousands of dollars have Other problems in the field of non the Bureau approach the industry's been saved because the Government has metallics have been solved with equal problems from four angles: been able to get the right kind of coal speed and efficiency. Substitutes have First, technologic research seeking new for the particular purpose that was been found for Indian kyanite, used for outlets for anthracite in the iron, chem sought. In one instance alone, a saving special refractories and formerly im ical, and gas industries; second, a study of about $300,000 was effected. ported from Calcutta. The most attrac of flood, health, and safety conditions; In the West the building of new blast tive one is topaz, which can be produced third, engineering studies pointing to furnaces for the production of pig iron commercially in South Carolina. ward increased production per man-day; has created a demand for western coals Before this Nation entered the war and fourth; studies emphasizing the de wh·ch have satisfactory coking proper a shortage of flake graphite was foreseen. velopment of equipment and dealer or ties. Field exploratory crews and the This material, normally imported from ganizations to make the use of anthra Bureau's coal carboniz9.tion laboratory in Madagascar, is used .to make crucibles cite in homes more convenient and thus Pittsburgh, Pa., were given this job. Ex and stoppers for steel ladles. Bureau to conserve petroleum. periments revealed that certain coals of engineers attacked this problem and The anthracite industry produced Oklahoma, Arkansas, Utah, New Mexico, found that Alabama graphite is capable about 59,000,000 tons last year, compared Colorado, and Wyoming will meet· the of supplying domestic needs. The war with a peak output of about 100,000,000 needs. cut off the importation of Belgian glass tons in 1917. Few persons realize the While this work was going on the Bu sand wliich supplied Pacific coast glass many problems encountered in the an reau began expanding its studies of the plants. Again the Bureau sent its ex· thracite region. :ro mention one, an av· coking properties of coals of the United 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SE-NATE 87
States, a project begun in 1927 and which LIQUID FUELS FROM COAL These studies are not limited to de . has proved extremely valuable in the se The scarcity. of fuel oil and gasoline on termining yields of fuel oil and gasoline, lection of coals for blast furnace coke. the Atlantic coast and in the Pacific but also Diesel oil and valuable byprod Consumers of coal and its byproducts Northwest--brought about by transpor ucts important in chemicals, explosives, constantly seek and obtain assistance tation difficulties-has called increasing drugs, and for making plastics. When from the Bureau in solving operating attention to an important phase of re one considers that there are more than and procurement problems. Cooperating search which the Bureau has been con 3,000,000.000,000 tons of coal in reserve with the Office of Solid Fuels Coordinator ducting for several years, namely, the in the United States, the potentialities of the Interior Department, the Bureau studies on extracting liquid fuels from appear enormous. A practical, economi of Mines has inaugurated a survey of coke coal. Although the immediate appli cal method could provide the American ovens and blast furnace operations to im cation in the United States of the known people with gasoline, fuel oil, and certain prove both the quality and quantity of processes of converting coal to liquid valuable byproducts for well over a thou metallurgical coke so that the production fuels is not contemplated and may not sand years at our normal rate of con of pig iron can be increased. even be feasible in existing circum sumption. Only recently the Bureau created the stances, despite sensational newspaper The amount of money allocated to the D.!v;sion of Solid Fuel Utilization for War. stories that would lead one to believe Bureau of Mines for this important ex This is providing technical information to the contrary, this work is nonethe perimental work is amazingly small, and ar..d other data for storing coal and pre less of highest importance. Even though in no way compares with the importance venting spontaneous combustion and the total number of exploratory wells in of the field being developed by the staff degradation of the product. A staff of the petroleum fields has increased in the of skilled chemists and engineers. F,or consultants is employed to inform indus past 5 years, there has been a net de the future security of the Nation and tries which coals can be adopted as sub crease in new reserves of oil discovered for sound economic reasons, the Bureau stitutes for regularly used types, and how since 1938. should be enabled to construct 8.nd op The proved oil reserves of the United erate commercial-size units utilizing operating cycles should be altered so as States are variously estimated at from to permit utilization of the alternate both basic processes of liquefaction so 15,000,000,000 to 20,000,000,000 barrels that it can adequately determine the product, enough, at the 1942 rate of consumption, PETROLEUM RESEARCH best designs for commercial plants and to last no more than 14 years. Of the cost of operating them. If the Bu From the War and Navy Departments, course, since it is impossible to withdraw reau had adequate funds, it is my con the Office of Petroleum Administrator this oil at a rate of one and one-half viction that the United States could de for War, :omd other Government agencies, billion barrels annually over the entire velop not only the cheapest but the best the Bureau of Mines constantly receives 14-year period-the rate of production coal-liquefaction plants in the world. requests for technical advice and infor decreases sharply in the early years fol During the current fiscal year only $55,- mation on supplying petroleum products lowing discovery-the oil will be in the 330 has been allotted for work on the for war. In addition to the information ground for many years. But unless re- Bergius process, and $43,000 for research available at a moment's notice-due to . serves are constantly added, shortage of work in the Fischer-Tropsch method. the Bureau's many years of research in oil will ·begin to occur much earlier. Compare this with the $6,000,000 ·one pe petroleum and natural gas-petroleum Foreign countries-without petroleum troleum company spent in investigating engineers are making special studies and reserves such as our own-have resorted cracking processes, or with the $10,000,- surveys to provide additional data when to synthetic production for some time. 000 the iron and steel industries spend the need arises. Only recently, they Germany for · example, has been pro annually for research in their fields. surveyed more than 200 crude oils and ducing much of its motor fuels by con IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH the products from 25 condensate plants version from coal, and at last reports to determine the content of high-octane was getting about 95,000 barrels of gaso We simply have not been giving Fed aviation gasoline stock. They also in line daily by one method alone. Eng eral Government agencies, particularly augurated a series of tests to determine land has constructed and is operating a the Bureau of Mines, enough support the most effective blending of various large-scale hydrogenation plant. in the realm of research. Private in components of 100-octane aviation gaso The United States-cannot rely on the dustry has recognized the returns paid line, and initiated a study to ascertain hope that our natural petroleum re on research. Private industry for many the components of the reservoir fluids serves will continue to supply the Na years has spent an average of more than and the available reserves in certain fields tion's needs forever. We must be pre $300,000,000 annually for research. It which contain material needed in avia- pared to resort to other means when the employs more than 70,000 research tion gasoline. .:.- time comes. It is therefore urgent that workers in 2,200 laboratories. Another vital job of these engineers is all the processes and methods of ob At random I will choose a few indus that of evaluating the sources and means tai'!'ling liquid fuels-whether from our tries to show just how important they of extracting war materials from petro oil shale reserves or by conversion of consider research. The food industry leum, including butadiene, a SO'Jrce of coal, or both-be worked on, and that before the war spent more than $6,000,- synthetic rubber. the most efficient, productive, and eco 000 annually; the chemical industries, nomical methods be determined and be more than $42,000,000; the petroleum To stimulate crude-oil production in industry, $22,000,000; manufacturers of Appalachian oil fields for the war and to ready to be put into operation at the proper time. electrical machinery allocated more further the conservation of petroleum, than $18,000,000 yearly for research the Bureau of Mines opened a petroleum The Bureau of Mines has conducted experiments on some of our oil shales, alone; and the nonferrous metal indus field office at Franklin, Pa., in April 1942. tries, more than $5,000,000. Staffed with Bureau engineers, this office and now is working on two different methods of liquefying coal. One of these Recently the National Resources Com is supplying technical information to de mittee reported: termine the best and most practical is the Bergius method, or so-called di rect hydrogenation method. In a small The research activities of the Bureau of methods of repairing wells and repres Mines are similarly national in scope, and too suring the sands to permit maximum re experimental plant in its Pittsburgh lab extensive for any nongovernmental agency covery of crude oil for our war planes oratories, the Bureau has already tested to engage in. The mining industry is con and other battle equipment. In the pe various American coals. It has been tributing data of much value, but each seg troleum experiment stations at Bartles found that virtually all high-volatile and ment of the industry is ·concerned only with ville, Okla., and Laramie, Wyo., the en subbituminous coals and lignites can the technology of its own particular ores or tire chemistry and refining program is be liquefied by this process, and that the minerals, while the Bureau of Mines from being devoted to a search for answers to yield will vary from about 30 gallons its detached position may investigate the questions regarding the essential nature of gasoline from a ton of lignite to about problems of the industry as a whole. of crude oils, natural gas, condensates, 60 gallons from a ton of high-volatile In 1940 the National Resources Plan and their components. One contribu bituminous coal. The Bureau also has ning Board stated: tion is the Bureau's tests to determine conducted some experiments with the It is essential to the national economy the changes that may be expected 1n synthetic process, sometimes called the that the stream of technological progress aviation gasoline and evaporation losses indirect hydrogenation method, or fiows freely. Engineering advances cannot of blend components in storage. · Fischer-Tropsch process. go far without simultaneous or preceding 88 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JANUARY 11 advances in creating new metallurgical ma methods of lubrication, and dozens of action be taken to prevent the heavy toll terials. Metallurgical research 1s an essen other topics. of deaths and injuries in our coal mines. tial national resource, because technological advances do not just happen automatically; Only a few months ago a United States During the 5-year period, 1907 to 1911, they have to be produced deliberately. Naval Air Station Trade School used 36 there were 13,81)6 fatal injuries, or an films furnished by the Bureau of Mines average of 2,761 annually. In 1911 alone We who determine the course of work in instructing 4,000 young men in various there were 2,656 fatalities in the produc which Government agencies such as the occupations and familiarizing them with tion of 496,371,126 tons of coal-or only Bureau of Mines undertake, must be as industrial processes and industrial areas. 186,462 tons produced per fatal injury. foresighted and as much dedicated to a Bureau of Mines motion pictures con In 1941, when mine operators and belief in the future as are our tecrni tain no advertising, brand names, trade miners alike responded again to the plea cians and scientists. marks, or other material that might be for more and more coal, the output HELIUM PRODUCTION interpreted as advertising, although the reached an estimated 556,474,900 tons One of the important functions of the entire production cost of the films has the highest since 1929-and fatalities Bureau of Mines-and one for which the been borne by cooperating industrial were estimated at 1,264-or an average of Bureau has not always received well concerns. The name of the industrial one fatal injury per 440,645 tons of coal earned credit-is that of operating helium firm appears only at the beginning and produced. Thus, since 1911, the tonnage plants. Our . Government has a world end of each film. In the past 26 years per fatal injury has increased 136 per monopoly of helium, and today it is pro the Bureau has obtained without cost to cent, and fatalities have been cut 52 per ducing the gas in record-breaking quan the Government 110 motion pictures cent. tities. It is this light-weight, noninf!.am which were financed by private industry Under the Federal Coal Mine Inspec mable gas which goes into our blimps at a cost to various industrial concerns tion Act, the Bureau of Mines sent its that are on the alert for submarines. or agencies of approximately $1,400,000. first inspectors into the field December Helium also is used by the Weather Bu The only expem:e to the Bureau for all 1, 1941. All veteran mining men, and reau to carry sensitive recording instru these films has been the employment of all civil service appointees, they under ments into the higher altitudes. It is a safety engineer as a consultant during went a "refresher" course at Pittsburgh being used in surgery to lessen the production of the pictures and the main before starting to work. They were chances of accidents involving the use tenance of a small staff at Pittsburgh to trained anew in first aid and in mine of anesthetics, by the Navy for rescue operate the circulating film library. This rescue work, and attended lectures by diving, and for many other purposes. library, the largest educational motion Bureau of Mines men who are recognized Needs of the Army, the Navy, and other picture library of its type in the world, authorities in coal mining. agencies for large amounts of helium were has more than 6,000 reels of film in con Thoroughness characterizes the work forecast by the Bureau many months ago. stant circulation. of the Federal coal-mine inspectors. The Seventy-seventh Congress approved At the present time, Bureau motion They are trained to get facts and to aid the expenditure of more than $15,000,000 pictures are being flown across the both operators and miners in pursuing for tile construction of additional helium Atlantic to be shown to members of the safe practices. They are part of a co plants so that the future supply of this Royal Air Force and to students at Brit operative, safety-educational movement, gas will be ample. Because of research, ish flying training schools. They are and the degree of safety in the mines helium no longer is a costly product; but being sent to South American republics they inspect is measured by the yard the Bureau constantly is conducting under arrangement with the Division of stick of some 600 tentative standards studies to lower the costs still further. Cultural Relations of the State Depart drawn up by the Bureau of Mines as the Ever since the United States entered the ment. They are being shown in Canada result of more than three decades of ex First World War the Bureau has con to war workers so those men and women perience in the field and in the labora tinued comprehensive surveys of the na will be able to perform their jobs more tory. · tural gases and gas-producing areas of efficiently. Day by day the demand for During their first 12 months of duty the United States for helium for Gov Bureau films is increasing, and so popu Federal coal-mine inspectors examined ernment purposes. It has been de lar are the films that bookings sometimes in 20 States coal mines employing more termined that natural gases containing are made many months in advance. than a fourth of all coal-mine employees helium are widely distributed over the During 1942 more than 100,000 show and produting about half of all the coal. United States, but so far only a few lo ings of the Bureau of Mines motion pic Preliminary and detailed reports regard calities have been discovered in which tures were given. In addition to the · ing·their findings and recommendations the volume of the gases themselves and · armed forces and grade and high school were prepared. The preliminary reports their helium content are sufficiently large pupils, the audiences included students are posted at the mine portal shortly Jor economical production of helium. of aeronautical schools, industrial train after the inspection is completed, and The Bureau of Mines believes that only ing cla~ses in colleges and universities, contain recommendations for correcting the surface has been scratched with re civilian defense classes, participants in hazardous conditions which need imme spect to the commercial uses of helium. first-aid classes, C. C. C. workers and, of diate attention. Later a detailed report Research for additional utilization of the course, thousands of miners. is prepared for each mine. This report, gas is continuing, but right now the em COAL-MINE INSPECTION containing analyses of air and mine phasis is on military uses. Only recently \Vhile the war necessarily has empha dust samples, gives a complete picture of a new welding process utilizing helium sized the Bureau's work in mineral ex the mine. Every phase of operation is was developed for uses in connection with plorations, metallurgy, petroleum, and described in the reports: Safe practices airplane parts and assemblies. natural gas, its activities in the conserva as well as unsafe practices are pointed MOTION PICTURES tion of health and the promotion of out. Motion pictures prepared under the safety have increased amazingly in ·when the new inspectors entered the supervision of the Bureau to promote recent months. Realizing that every mines they were faced with the fact that, safety, conservation, and efficiency are man-hour of work in the coal mine despite the progress made in cutting gaining international prominence. Since means that much more fuel for the Na down the toll of deaths and injuries, ac 1916 the Bureau has been cooperating tion's war plants, Bureau of Mines safety cidents still cost this Nation a potential with the mineral industries in the pro engineers and mining engineers have loss of approximately 11,000,000 tons of duction of motion pictures which now speeded up their work under the Coal coal annually. They realized, too, that are being shown, not only to miners and Mine Inspection Act, a measure passed by in 1 year alone injured coal miners were petroleum field workers, but to members Congress in May 1941, which gave the away from their jobs 2,200,000 working of the armed forces of the United States Bureau of .Mines-for the first time days. and Great Britain. These motion pic authority to enter any coal mine to in Because in the administration of this tures are helping win the war. They vestigate operating conditions and prac act under the direction of Dr. R. R. Say cover a wide range of subjects pertaining tices from a safety standpoint and to ers, Director of the Bureau, the Federal to the mineral industries-the machin make recommendations to safeguard the inspectors have made it plain that their ing, riveting, and welding of metals, the lives of miners and protect property. objective is to be helpful and coopera operation of gasoline and Diesel engines, The Bureau of Mines was created in tive, industry has responded favorably. the development of oil wells, proper 1910, when the public demanded that Likewise mine workers and State ins:pec- 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN!... TE 89 tion services have demonstrated their de and stand well down the list as a cause recommendations made by the Federal sire to cooperate. The Federal act was of fatalities. Explosions result from the inspectors are adopted immediately. not intended to replace State laws and ignition of methane, a gas liberated by Many letters have been received by the regulations, but rather to permit the in coal beds, or from the ignition of coal Bureau from mine operators commend spection of mines under uniform stand dust. In many gas explosions the blast ing the inspectors and calling attention ards relating to health and safety. The is propagated by coal dust, and thus be to the changes and improvements which coal-mining industry today is governed comes more devastating. At Bruceton, have been made as a result of the inspec by different codes in 29 States. Pa., the Bureau of Mines maintains an tors' visits: COAL-MINE ACCIDENT TOLL experimental mine where explosions are Our company was very much opposed to manufactured. As a result of experi~ the Federal inspection bill and did not see The Federal coal-mine inspection pro ments extending over many years, the what it could accomplish and thought there gram is gaining impetus daily, and ulti Bureau has determined ways of prevent was a lot of duplication of inspection work. mately it is expected that nearly 2,000 ing explosions. Effective ventilation, . We were under the impression that it might mines a year will be reached. In con Bureau engineers found, will dilute bring about a lot of confliction between the junction with the many other safety methane and carry it from mines. Rock State department of mines, the Federal de· activities of the Bureau, the inspection partment, and the companies, but since the dust, or powdered limestone, when spread law has gone into effect we have had two program is exerting a definite influence in coal mines in sufficient amounts ren of our mines inspected by one of the Fed toward the reduction of accidents, de ders coal dust incombustible and pre eral inspectors, and we have begun to feel spite the handicaps resulting from the vents it from entering into or propagat differently since these Inspections. Per· war. The coal-mining industry battled ing an explosion. Therefore, the Bureau sonally, I feel that the Federal bill is going against great odds last year. Young, ac recommends that all bituminous and lig to be a great help to the coal companies. tive men skilled in the operation of high nite mines be rock-dusted. It is our desire to cooperate with your speed mechanical equipment were called department in making our mines as safe as A tiny spark is capable of igniting an possible, and I wish to express my appre to the armed forces; thousands of others explosive mixture of methane and air. ciation at this .time for the cooperation we trained to operate and repair equipment Thus, the Bureau recommends that only received from your men when they made went to war plants. Yet, despite the fact permissible electrical equipment be used the inspection of our mine. that new workers had to be trained and in coal mines and that only permissible We believe the inspector's · report gives a shortages of manpower existed from time explosives be used for breaking down clear picture of conditions at our mine dur to time, the industry came through with coal. The word "permissible" is applied ing the time of his visit, and we welcome flying colors. The coal-mining industry, to a piece of mining equipment or ma his recommendations for the improvement both anthracite and bituminous, came terial only after the Bureau has sub of any faults which he encountered. Every through 1942 with greatly increased pro effort is being made to remedy any unsatis jected it to exhaustive tests to deter factory condition that may exist at our duction and with virtually no increase in mine its characteristics under extreme mine. its accident rate. Under the pressure of conditions. We feel you ·should know that we were increased output, accidents in other A piece of permissible electrical equip glad of the opportunity to have an inspec· major industries jumped about 20 per ment, when maintained in permissible tion and appreciated the fine manner in cent since their wartime production pro condition and properly operated, will not which your inspector conducted his inspec grams got under way. cause an explosion. Permissible explo tion of conditions and practices at our mine. Before the Bureau of Mines was cre We are all learning the real meaning of co. sives, when fired in a permissible manner, operation, and through the fine working to ated no accurate records were kept re are less likely to ignite explosive atmos gether of your c;lepartments and the coal garding the death toll of coal mines, but pheres because they do not emit as long operators we feel we can accomplish a great we know that an average of about 2,500 and as lasting a flame as does black deal of good for our industry. to 3,000 men lost their lives each year. blasting power, which, in the past, was We know, for example, that back in 1907, the most common explosive. The safest Here are excerpts from letters from 261 men lost their lives in a mine explo coal mines of today are those which use the representatives of labor: sion, and that 13 days later 239 men were permissible equipment and which adhere I am sure that both the management and killed in another explosion in another to timbering, ventilating, haulage, and the men who are employed at this mine feel State. Since 1910, when the Bureau rock-dusting standards such as those safer because they now know from an im launched its safety program in the coal suggested by the Bureau of Mines and partial body that it really is a safe mine to mining industry, the death toll has been those written into the laws of·the most .work in, and that the company, along with the men, are cooperating on a safety program cut more than one-half. This has been progressive mining States. of accident prevention. accomplished in the face of the mechani FALLS OF ROOF AND COAL I want to compliment the department on zation of mines-the introduction of Falls of roof and coal, which cause its splendid report and recommendations, high-speed equipment which has brought nearly half of all fatal injuries and a and assure you that district __ , United Mine its own hazards. Back in 1907, in the bi heavy percentage of all nonfatal acci Workers of America, stands ready at all times tuminous mines alone more than 2,500 dents in coal mines of the United States, to cooperate with your department in es lives were lost: Compare this with 1941- can be prevented by systematic timbering .tablishing safety in the mines of the South the year production was surging toward and roof testing. The Bureau has de west. new heights. In 1941, 1,000 men lost voted extensive research to timbering SAFETY TRAINING WORK their lives. Today, thanks to continued problems and has prepared many pam In its safety-education program for progress in the Bureau's safety work, phlets describing proper timbering meth the . mineral industries the Bureau of thousands upon thousands of men who ods. Haulage accidents, which usually Mines has fostered interest in first aid otherwise might have been sacrificed are rank next to falls of roof and coal, like as a necessary step toward curbing acci in our mines producing coal. wise have been studied extensively by the dents. Since the establishment of the Coal mining, it is said, is hazardous. Bureau, and many safe operating stand Bureau in 1910, more than 1,500,000 per Yet a Pennsylvania mine operated 8 ards have been formulated to overcome sons have taken the Bureau of Mines years without a fatality while producing the dangers encountered in hauling coal first-aid course, and most of those were more than 3,000,000 tons of coal. In in the mines and at the surface plants. men connected with the mineral indus Colorado, a mine operated from 1932 LETTERS OF COMMENDATION tries. until 1941 without a fatal accident, while Federal coal-mine inspectors are work In the past fiscal year, nearly 100,000 producing well over a million tons of coal, ing night and day in their job of promot employees of the mining and affiliated most of which came from pillar-recovery ing health and safety in the coal mines, industries received first-aid and mine work, the most hazardous operation in and many letters of commendation have rescue instruction. In addition, with coal mining. Bureau of Mines files show been received from mine operators and the training of nearly 1,500 as first-aid equally impressive records for other representatives of the workmen attesting instructors, more than 16,000 persons mines. to the value of the inspection program. throughout the Nation became qualified Explosions in coal mines, which are The operators and workmen are proud of to teach the Bureau of Mines first-aid headlined in the press because they take the progress they have made toward course in the civilian defense program the greatest toll of life at a single time, making coal mines better and safer places of the Ofilce of Civilian Defense. L==tst fortunately are becoming less frequent, in which to work. In many instances, year the Bureau of Mines awarded 117 90 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 'JANUARY 11 certificates to industrial plants for hav explosives and ingredients of explosives calendar year 1942, 672 of the 754 can ing all employees trained in first aid. by means of a licensing system. The vasses on metals made by the Bureau Safety instructors, coal mine inspec Bureau also conducts investigations of were conducted specifically for war agen tors, and other Bureau personnel are the manufacture, storage, thefts, or cies. The quarterly iron and steel scrap ready at all times to assist in mine-rescue losses of explosives, and of fires and ex survey has been changed to a monthly and recovery operations after disasters. plosions in which explosives are believed basis as an additional service for war All are skilled in the use of oxygen or known to be a contributing factor. industries and agencies. . breathing apparatus and gas masks and To carry on the licensing work the In the field of nonmetallics, the stud in procedures connected with fires, explo Bureau has appointed nearly 4,500 pub ies also have been speeded and broad sions, or floods. This training is passed lic officials as licensing agents. These ened. The Bureau makes monthly can along to mining men, and the Nation agents, who serve without pay except for vasses of mica, gre,phite, asbestos, barium thus has a reserve of men who can be a 25-cent fee for each license, have issued oxide, and natural sodium compounds; a called into action to assist in civilian de some 225,000 licenses. Forty-eight ex semimonthly canvass of cement; and fense and rescue work arising from the plosives investigators are at work in the special canvasses of quartz crystals, min war. various States and Alaska, supervising eral pigments, and industrial diamonds. OTHER IMPORTANT ROLES and guiding the licensing agents and in Special reports liltewise are issued re The Bureau of Mines is playing other vestigating the manufacture, handling, garding the sources of high-grade dolo important roles in the promotion of storage, and use of explostves. In carry mite needed for magnesium metal, health and safety in the mineral indus ing out its duties, the Explosives Control sources of magnesia, processes for re tries. A new unit composed of doctors, Division of the Bureau works closely with covering magnesia from dolomite, mag chemists, and engineers is making in the Army and Navy .Intelligence Serv nesia refractories, resources and uses of vestigations and studies of occupational ices, the Office of Civilian Defense, and monazite, uses and supplies of strontium, diseases in the coal mining industry, in the Office of the Chief of Ordnance, and sources of high-grade clays for alumi conjunction with the work of the Coal the Provost Marshal General. num salts, and nonmetallic mineral in Mine Inspection Division. In order to MINERAL PRODUCTION SECURITY PROGRAM dustries in the South. maintain the highest levels of available In the summer of 1942, the Bureau of The work of the Bureau in collecting manpower, the gas and dust laboratory Mines launched its mineral production facts and figures regarding the petrole at the Central Experiment Station at security program to prevent sabotage um and natural gas industries is aiding Pittsburgh has been enlarged to handle and to investigate possible subversive Government agencies in rationing prob the increased number of air and dust activities in the Nation's metal mines, lems, control of production, and read samples submitted by coal mine inspec coal mines, quarries, mills, smelters, and justment in refinery operations. The tors; respiratory devices for protection allied mineral facilities. A staff of monthly reviews regarding aviation gaso against gases, fumes, and dusts are being engineer-investigators was trained at the line, which were begun in 1939, and investigated; and studies are being made Central Experiment Station at Pitts which have been supplemented by ca for the Army and the Navy regarding burgh and was sent into the field to pacity surveys, are proving of special health factors in some military equip work in close coordination with the value to the program of expanding out ment. mine inspectors, explosives investigators, put to meet war needs. The Bureau's explosives-testing pro safety engineers, and other field person The need of war agencies for cross gram, conducted for many years with a nel of the Bureau, as well as in coopera sectional views of the coal and coke in view to maintaining safe characteristics tion with other .Federal agencies con dustries also is being filled by the Bureau in explosives and blasting devices, has cerned with the facility security program of Mines, which has expanded current been broadened because of the war. Re of the Government. studies and has inaugurated new studies search by Bureau chemists has proved of ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS so that a glance wm ·reveal just how these great. value to military officials. High Accurate information on the produc industries are progressing and where speed explosion diaphragms were devel tion, trade, distribution, supply, and con shortages threaten. Another service of oped to protect equipment and employ sumption of minerals and mineral com the Bureau is that which supplies essen ees in speci~l war industries against gas modities is essential to the war, to in tial information relating to production, explosions; studies were made of the ex dustry, and to the Bureau of Mines and stocks, and exports of strategic and criti plosion and inflammability characteris other Federal war agencies. The Bu cal minerals by foreign countries. These tics of chemicals used by the synthetic reau's economics and statistical service, figures are obtained on a confidential rubber and plastics industries; further which supplies these up-to-date facts, basis from official sources in nonenemy studies were conducted regarding the use has accelerated and intensified its work countries. of helium in preventing explosions of of showing where materials come from, Mr. President, with the limited time anesthetic mixtures. where they go, who uses them, and other available it has been possible to present For safeguarding industries using Die pertinent details as requested by the only a brief review of the splendid work sel engines in explosive or combustible War Production Board, the Army and the Bureau of Mines is doing to help this atmospheres, a testing gallery was com Navy Munitions Board, the Office of Nation and her allies win the war. In pleted and experiments are being con Price Administration, the Metals Re my opinion, this agency has provided the ducted. At the request of the Ordnance serve Company, and the Board of Eco United States with an outstanding exam Department of the Army, plant-security nomic Warfare. This war job involves ple of the foresighted and efficient con stud!es are made of ordnance facilities. more than 100 minerals. The complete version of an old-line bureau to a vibrant Several d.e:rr.olition studies also have been picture is assembled by experts from ma and progressive wartime organization-a made in cooperation with the Army. terial furnished by the thousands of conversion made possible by long and The Bur~au has assigned an engineer to American establishments in the mineral careful preparation and by an early cooperate with the Chemical Warfare field. As a result of the wartime de realization of the possibilities of Amer Service of the War Department in con mand for information regarding the ica's vast natural resources. nection with civilian protection activi supply, consumption, and distribution of There is no question that virtually all ties. One recent discovery by the Bu minerals, the economics and statistical the Bureau's work is directly concerned reau is that hard coal-tar pitch, in gran service of the Bureau now requires the with the war program and the most effec ulated form, is excellent for extinguish handling of more than 1,400 regular can ing magnesium fires in industrial plants. tive aid to the war effort of this country's vasses and the analysis, tabulation, and seven and one-half billion dollar mineral FEDERAL EXPLOSIVES ACT dissemination of the results. In addi production industry. Without this in Shortly after the United States en tion, many special surveys are conducted dustry--coal, metals, nonmetals, petro tered the war the Bureau of Mines was from time to time in response to specific leum, coke, and dozens of other vital designated by the Congress to adminis requests from war agencies. mineral fields-the United States could ter the Federal Explosives Act, an anti The Bureau provides war agencies not rank as the "arsenal of democracy," sabotage measure which provides for the with detailed facts regarding 30 metals nor would we be able to produce, as we control of the manufacture, purchase, on a monthly basis. These studies cover did in 1942, as much war material as all sale, use, and possession of nonmilitary both producers and consumers. In the of the Axis Nations put together. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 91 Enormous wealth is drawn from our NOMINATIONS Louis Bloch, from the State of Califomla, mines, and millions of people depend to be program-control technician at $5·,600 Executive nominations received by the per annum in the San Francisco regional upon the industry for a living, When Senate January 11, 1943: office of the War Manpower Commission. these minerals are processed or fabri John D. Kingsley, from the State of Ohio, cated into war materials as well as arti SUPR~ME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES Wiley Blount Rutledge, of Iowa, to be an to be program control technician at $5,600 cles which every man, woman, and child Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the per annum in the Cleveland regional office in the country must have in order to sus United States, vice Hon. James F. Byrnes, of the War Manpower Commission. tain our high standard of living, the resigned. David G. Nagle from the State of Mas value of the industry is multiplied many sachusetts, to be field supervisor at $5,600 times. The influence of the mineral in DIPLOMATIC AND FOREIGN SERVICE per annum in the Boston regional office of Edward J. Flynn, of New York, to be Envoy the War Manpower Commission. .dustries extends into transportation, Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary Reuben B. Resnik, from the State of Texas, agriculture, explosives, electrical manu of the United States of America to Australia. to be field supervisor, at $5,600 per annum, in facturing, steel making, yes, into every The following-named persons now Foreign the Dallas regional office of the War Man activity of the Nation. Service officers of class seven and secretaries power Commission. Throughout the years of its early his in the Diplomatic Service to be also consuls Carlos Stageberg, from the State .of Minne tory, during the so-called defense era of the United States of America: sota, to be senior labor utilization analyst, beginning with 1939, and in the actual Panl J . Reveley, of Connecticut. at $4,600 per annum, in the Minneapolis re John Peabody Palmer, of Washington. gional office of the War Manpower Commis- war period dating from Pearl Harbor, Henry E. Stebbins, of Massachusetts. sion. , the Bureau of Mines has forged steadily Waldo E. Bailey, of Mississippi. Charles w. Patrick, from the State of Cali ahead in all branches of its work and has Jacob D. Beam, of New Jersey. fornia, to be senior training specialist, at not relaxed its vigilance one iota. For Mulford A. Colebrook, of New York. $4,600 per annum in the San Francisco area office of the War Manpower Commission. that reason it has been able during this CIVIL AERONAUTICS BOARD emergency to show the Nation how and Donald Theodore Larin, from the State .of where it may best utilize the land's God Josh Lee, of Oklahoma, to be a member of North Dakota, to be senior agricultural em the Civil Aeronautics Board in the Depart-· ployment specialist, at $4,600 per annum, in given resources in making planes and ment of Commerce for the remainder of the the Minneapolis regional office of the War guns and ships and other weapons for term expiring December 31, 1943, vice George Manpower Commission. resto1ing order to a gangster-ridden P. Baker. George P. Williams, from the State of world. It has demonstrated in the pilot OFFICE OF PRICE ADMINISTRATION Georgia, to be senior housing and transporta plant, in the laboratory, and in the far tion specialist, at $4,600 per annum, in the flung mineral deposits of the country Prentiss M. Brown, of Michigan, to be Atlanta regional office of the War Manpower Price Administrator, Office of Price Admin Commission. how the United States can and should istration, vice Leon Henderson. make itself independent of many of the Marion A. Gregg, from the State of Ohio, WAR MANPOWER COMMISSION to be area director, at $4,600 per annum, in foreign sources of raw materials. the Youngstown, Ohio, area office of the War All of this has been accomplished in Chester W. Hepler, from the State of Illi nois, to be area director at $5,6.00 per annum Manpower Commission. the face of obstacles and handicaps in the Chicago area omce of the War Man Harry H. Hansborough, Jr., from the State which would have discouraged a less power Commission. of Kentucky, to be area director, at $4,600 per hardy group of workers or an organiza John Bradley Haight, from the State of annum, in the Louisville, Ky., area office of tion that did not keep before it the shin Indiana, to be area director at $5,600 per the War Manpower Commission. ing goal of conserving wisely and utiliz annum in the Indianapolis area office of the Leroy Allison West, from the State of Colo ing efficiently the valuable minerals be War Manpower Commission. rado, to be area director, at $4,600 per annum, neath the earth's crust. The Congress George D. Penniman, Jr., from the State in the Denver area office of the War Man of Maryland, to the position of labor utiliza power Commission. deserves gredit for encouraging and sup Thomas J. Corcoran, from the State of New porting the Bureau of Mines in its diffi tion analyst at $6,500 per annum in the Washington regional office of the War Man York, to be area director, at $4,600 per annum, cult task of aiding our mineral industries power Commission. in the Syracuse area office of the War Man in the orderly development and exploi William P. Edmunds, from the State of power Commission. tation of domestic resources. Ohio, to the position of area director at $6,500 Aloysius J. McGinty, from the State of New Mr. President, with the United States per annum in the Cleveland area office of York, to be area director, at $5,600 per annum, fighting for its very existence and with In the Albany area office of the War Manpower the War Manpower Commission. Commission. irrefutable proof that its existence de T. Hilliard Cox, from the State of Ne William Parkinson, from the State of Ne pends upon many of the things for which braska, to the position of program control braska, to be area director, at $4,600 per the Bureau of Mines has long struggled, technician at $5,600 per annum in the Kansas annum, in the Omaha area. office of the War I feel that every Member of this body City, Mo., regional office of the War Man Manpower Commission. power Commission. Daniel J. Boyle, from the State of Massa should understand what is being done by Louis C. M. Abolin, from the State of New agencies such as the Bureau. chusetts, to be field supervisor, at $5,600 per York, to the position of assistant labor utili annum, in the Boston regional office of the To the Members of the Seventy-eighth zation analyst (trainee) at $4,600 per annum War Manpower Commission. Congress-both the veterans and the in the Washington regional office of the War Frederick J. Graham, from the State of new Members-as a member of the Com Manpower Commission. Massachusetts, to be field supervisor, at $5,600 mittee on Mines and Mining, I can Edward L. Stevens, from the State of Vir per annum, in the Boston regional office of strongly recommend the work and ac.:. ginia, to the position of field supervisor at the War Manpower Commission. complishments of the Bureau of Mines $5,600 per annum in the Washington regional Julius Cohen, from the State of West Vir as well worth serious consideration and office of the w ·ar Manpower Commission. ginia, to be principal attorney, at $5,600 per Ernest James Jaqua, from the State of annum, in the office of the general counsel study, for to understand what this California, to be head employment specialist of the War Manpower Commission. agency is accomplishing brings a grate at $6,500 per annum in the Bureau of Train Dr. Paul C. Barton, from the State of ful appreciation of the men in govern ing in the washington office of the War Illinois, to be assistant director at $5,600 per ment and industry who are constantly Manpower Commission. annum for the Procurement and Assignment working for a better America. Merriam H. Trytten, from the State of Service of the Bureau of Placement in the Pennsylvania, to be" principal employment ADJOURNMENT TO THURSDAY Washington office of the War Manpower Com specialist (physics) at $5,600 per annum in mission. The PRESIDING OFFICER TO BE" BRIGADIER GENERAL Mr. BARKLEY and Mr. BREWSTER members their infiuence in the party antl the Col. Henry Barlow Cheadle, Infantry. of the Joint Select Committee on the part Nation today. Col. Joseph Hampton Atkinson (captain, of the Senate, as provided for in the act I doubt very much whether I would Air Corps; temporary lieutenant colonel, Air of August 5, 1939, entitled "An act to agree with the specific proposal for the Corps; temporary lieutenant colonel, Army of provide for the disposition of certain organization of the wm·Id government, the Upited States}, Army of the United I States-Air Corps. records of the United States Govern but also doubt very much whether he is Col. LaVerne George Saunders (captain, ment, .. for the disposition of executive particularly wedded to the plan that he Air Corps; temporary lieutenant colonel, Air papers in the foliowing departments and put forth for discussion. He did not Corps; temporary lieutenant colonel, Army of agencies: announce his plan dogmatically, but the United States), Army of the United 1. Department of Agriculture. stated at the time that he was merely States-Air Corps. 2. Department of Labor. suggesting a possible solution and for 3. Department of the Navy. purposes of opening discussion on the 4. Post Office Department. matter. Far from being criticized for 5. Department of the Treasury. this he should be applauded, and his 6. Department of War. great foresight and vision should be HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 7. Federal Works Agency. gratefully recognized. One of the great MONDAY, JANUARY 11, 1943 8. War Production Board. tragedies of modern history was the fail The message also announced that the ure of the Allied Nations after the last · The House met at 12 o'clock noon, and Vice President had appointed Mr. BARK war to carefully provide the mechanics was called to order by the Speaker. LEY and Mr. ·BREWSTER members of the to maintain world peace. I am one of The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Mont Joint Select Committee on the part of those who do not believe that the League gomery, D. D., offered the following the Senate, as provided for in the act of Nations was the answer. I was op prayer: of August 5, 1939, entitled "An act to posed to it, and I would oppose reviving provide for the disposition of certain it after this war; but because no one had Thou blessed Founder of our most records of the United States Govern brought before the people that or any holy faith, who came to us in the form ment," for the disposition of executive other plan for discussion from which a of a little Child, teach us that simplicity papers in the following agencies: really workable solution could have been is the pioneer virtue that makes secure 1. Civil Service Commission. evolved, the League of N&tions had no the foundation of Christian character. 2. Federal Works Agency. alternative; and when it was rejected by The1·e is no power that builds up men 3. Office of War Information. - the people of the United States, there in unselfishness and goodness as that The message also announced that the wa..s nothing to offer in its place. Full which radiates from Him whose life on Vice President had appointed Mr. BARK and proper discussion during the last earth began in a manger. Let us cast LEY and Mr. BREWSTER members of the World War might very well have pro aside our costly treasures, giving us minds Joint Select Committee on the part of duced a real pla.n to which we and all of and hearts to share with all who fear and the Senate, as- provided for in the act of our allies could have subscribed and weep. Dear Saviour, the Friend of August 5, 1939, entitled "An act to pro. that would have been workable. changeless love, bless little children and vide for the disposition of certain records FUrthermore, who better has a· right those of ebbing strength who are seeking of the United States Government," for t-o speak on post-war plans, and espe the rugged way alone and who never bow the disposition of executive papers. in the ei&liy plans that will prevent the ever to defeat. following departments: recurring world wars to which we now We pray that we may ever use our 1. Department of the Navy. seem to be ·subjected than the man who position and privileges to succor the 2. Department of War. shan have taken part in those wars? homeless, the wanderer, and for all who Governor Stassen is a Reserve officer and seek companionship for the day and rest PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE in a few months is resigning his high for the night. · These are they of whom Mr. MAAS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani- office as Governor of the State of Min.:. Thou didst say: "Inasmuch as ye have mous consent to proceed for 10 minutes. nesota to enter active service for the done it unto one of the least of these my Tbe SPEAKER. Is there o\>jection to duration of the war. 1 want to assure brethren, ye have done unto Me.. " Al the request of the gentleman from Min you that the men who are fighting this mighty God, make us strong to forbear nesota [~. MAASl? war are going to have a g1·ea.t deal to say and unafraid; help us to spread Thy There was no objection. about post-war conditions in this coun gracious reign until greed and hate shall REPLYING TO ATTACK ON GOV. HAROLD try and throughout the world when this cease, making us noble in feelings and E. STASSEN'S REPUBLICANISM war is over. They are not going to lose in destiny. No fever of unrest can dis the victory in a few years through turb the soul that breathes the lofty Mr. MAAS. Mr. Speaker, I arise to pacifism in this country and through air and learns the way of the Christ.. • challenge the statement questioning international bungling. This Nation Minnesota's Gov. Harold Stassen's Re "The holy Supper is kept indeed. has had to support all of the United publicanism and his right to make sug Nations in this war, and it will have to In what 'so we share with another's gestions relative to the post-war world, need; do a great deal of the fighting everywhere particularly looking toward maintaining in the world. It will certainly have both Not what we give, but what we share, the peace when the victory shall have For the gift without the giver is bare. the right and the obligation to lead the been won. way in the peace and reconstruction that Who gives himself with his alms, feeds From my long and close personal ac three. is. to follow the termination of the war. quaintanceship, I can assure you that I think when the time comes you will Himself, his hungering neighbor, and he is not a stalking horse for anyone. Me ... find Harold Stassen one of those who will Harold Stassen has a mind of his own, be among the leaders at that time. Through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. and he has always spoken it frankly and fearlessly. I disagree with Mr. Stassen Harold Stassen is not only an out standing Republican., but he represents The Journal of the proceedings of on many issues; but his right to express Friday, January 8, 1943. was read and his views is as sacred as any cause we are the finest type of young American. · approved. fighting for in this war. Mr. MAAS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT Far from his Republicanism being mous consent to print Governor Stassen's questionable, he is one of the outstanding remarks to which I referred in the Ap Sundry messages in writing from the pendix of the REcoRD. President of the United States were com Republican leaders in the Nation, and I know of no one who has any better right The SPEAKER. Is there objection to municated to the House by Mr. Miller, the request of the gentleman from Min one of his secretaries: to speak as a Republican on any issue. Harold Stassen was one of the pioneers nesota [Mr. MAAsJ? MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE in the movement of organizing the youth Mr. COLE of New York. Mr. Speaker, A message from the Senate, by Mr. of the Nation under the Republican ban reserving the right to object, I do so Frazier, its legislative clerk, announced ner; he led them to victory in Minnesota; only to ask the gentleman what was the that the Vice President had appointed and has contributed tremendously to source of the criticism of Governor