TH E H ISTO RY O F THE 32 1 ST INFANT RY

WITH

A BRIEF HI STO RI CAL S KETCH

O F TH E S IST DIVI S ION

B ein g a vivid an d auth e ntic account o f th e life a n d ex

ri n f i e e p e e c e s o American soldi ers n Franc , whil

t e t o d an fo t to h y rain e d , w rk e , d ugh

ar h e l p W in th e World W .

W ILD CAT S

C LARE N CE W ALTO N OH NS O N g‘ or ora l o Inf H . . S t (C p C , l . ) ’ B O F 1 A . U . N. C . 2

T H R L B YAN COMPANY E . . R

L B . CO UM IA , S . C 19 19

K-A -M- E-R -A -D 1

T H E 8 I S T D IVIS IO N W IL D C A T S

Go i n é O v e r th e T o p M E US E A R GO N N E D R IVE

- No th ofVe dun) November 7 11, 1918, ( r r

IN TRODUCT I ON .

In this day , when we have ceased being sur prised at anything , when the worst tragedies

and direst catastrophes no longer shock us , it is only the unusual and extraordinary that gets

our attention . When an individual like Sergeant Alvin York distinguishes himself for bravery

and conspicuous service in battle , we are inter ested in learn ing all we can about his life and

his deeds of heroism . The same is true of a

military unit that has won distinction . To

excel , to win , is characteristic of the American

spirit . As a people , we are still in the period of

hero worship . We are proud of that man or

team which wins . Likewise , we are proud of an army or a military unit that is victorious in

battle . And when that particular unit has a

distinguished record , full of daring exploits ,

we want to know its history . The 321st infantry has a history that is worthy of preserving and passing on to those who

served with the regiment, to their friends , and to all people who want to know j ust what experiences the American soldiers passed

through in France while they trained , worked ,

played , and fought to help win the World War .

vii INTRODUCTION

Every man who saw service with the Ameri can Expeditionary Forces helped in a special way to make the history of the World War .

Each of these men , regardless of the nature of

r his service , has a peculiar interest in the histo y

of the war in which he served . But the pages

of glory in this history , so far as any man of the service himself is concerned , are those pages that record the story of his own outfit . Those are the pages in the drama of the World War that will always challenge his attention and grip

his interest . All the facts in the history of his own outfit may be well known to him ; yet he wants these facts recorded in a form which can

be easily preserved . In the years to come the history of his own organization will be to him the most priceless of all war souvenirs . It will be a precious memoir of his war days—a record of his own life and his soul - stirring experiences during the most momentous days through which he ever passed . This book contains such a record of the 321st Infantry, and was written

upon the request of many comrades .

viii PRE FACE .

The chief value of a history lies in the au th en ticity of its data . The author of this history had access to official records for the verification

of historical data , and was a member of the reg imcnt during its entire period of overseas serv

ice . He has endeavored to record those events and experiences which best interpret and portray the life and service of the men of the

regiment . The little volume is sent forth with the hope that it may serve to keep alive those

r cherished memories of ou war days in France , and to perpetuate that spirit of comradeship that bound us together so strongly during our

overseas service . The publication of the history would not have

been possible without the kindly interest , encouragement and help in the collection and ] preparation of data given by Co . Frank Hal

stead , Lieut . Col . Louis E . Schucker , Lieut . Col .

Fred H . Bloomh ard t, Capt . Curtis Bynum , First

Lieut . Wm . C . Alexander , First Lieut . C . H .

Howard , Sergt . P . K . Harrison , Sergt . Daniel

Silverman , Corp . Paul A . Jones , Private W . B . Ki Burch , Prof . George McF . Mc e, also by the sergeants of the personnel office and by the com

pany clerks . ix PREFACE

To these and all others who helped , the author

feels deeply indebted , and wishes to extend to l them his sincerest thanks . Special acknow ed gment is gratefully accorded the authors of the poems and songs used

WALTON JOH NSON .

- 25 27 Haywood Street, Asheville , N . C . G. H . Q . F AM ERICAN E ! PEDITIONARY ORCES .

F AN E GEN ERAL ORDERS R C ,

- F 28 19 1 A 9 . N O . 38 . ebruary ,

My F ellow S oldiers

N OW that your service with th e Americ an Expedi

t n o l et ou tionar y F orces is about to termina e , I can t y

A h h e go without a pers onal word . t t e call to arms , t patri otic young manhood of America eagerly resp onded and became th e formidable army whose decisive victo

i s h e ries testify to its efficiency and t valor . With t supp ort Of th e nation firmly united to defend th e cause

r t h f h e o of liberty, ou army has execu ed t e will o t pe ple

with resolute purp ose . Our democracy has been tested ,

and th e forces Of autocracy have been defeated . TO

h o f h - o o r o t e gl ry o t e citizen s ldier , u tr ops have faith

fully fulfilled their trust, and in a succession of bril liant Offensives have overcome th e menace to ou r civili

ion zat .

o h As an individual , y ur p art in t e World War has been an important one in th e sum total of ou r achieve

t . h men s Whether keeping lonely vigil in t e trenches ,

’ or gallantly storming th e enemy s stronghold ; whether

o oto enduring m n nous drudgery at th e rear , or sustain

th e t at th e ing figh ing line front, each has by cheerful

of o o endurance hardship and privati n , by vig r , strength

o t f o o o and ind mi able will , made ef ective by th r ugh rgan

iz ation o - and c rdial ( to Operation , you inspired th e war worn Allies with new life and turned th e tide of

t t t nto o o hrea ened defea i verwhelming vict ry . With a consecrated devotion to duty and a will to o ou c nquer , y have loyally served your country . By xi G . H . 0 . your exemplary conduct a standard has been established

o and maintained never bef re attained by any army . With mind and body as clean and strong as th e decisive

t h f e o o blows you delivered agains t e o , you are s on t

h e t of In h return to t pursui s peace . leaving t e scenes

o o t t ou o o Of y ur vict ries , may I ask ha y carry h me y ur high ideals and continue to live as you have served an honor to th e princ iples for which you have fought a h o o n d to t e fallen c mrades y u leave behind . It is with pride in your suc cess that I extend to you my sincere thanks f or your splendid service to th e army and to th e nation . t Fai hfully,

OH N R HI G ( Signed) J J . PE S N , o C mmander in Chief . Official

OB T ER . R C DAVI S , t t Adju an General .

xii C ON TEN T S .

IN TRODUCTION PREFACE ETT O H H L ER FR M GEN . J O N J . PERS ING

PA RT I .

THE 321ST INFANTRY .

E AN D N N IN E N M I . LIF TRAI I G AM RICA CA PS . — Organization of Regiment First Days in — Camp Important Events During th e F irst — M onths in Camp Changes in Staff Officers and Company Commanders—Preparation for Overseas Service

“ OVER T H ERE . — — The Voyage Hoboken to Liverp ool E xpe — r iences in Historic Old England F irst Impressions Of Franc e and th e French — Through France on Cattle Cars F irst Over — seas Training Area Ordered to th e F ront Under Shell Fire—Experiences in F ront Line Trenches—German Infantry Attack— Sec — on d Overseas Training Area Back to th e — Front F orced Night Marches and Their H orrors

“ ” . THE III OVER TOP . — Meuse - Argonne Offensive The Ab omina ” — ti on of Desolation Around Verdun Official l s t Account of Operations of 32 t Infan ry, o 1 1 1 1 N vember , 9 9

Jciii CONTENTS .

T TH AF ER E ARMISTICE . — Bivouac on B attl efield 175 Mile Hike After War Training Area— Peasant Life in — — F rench Villages Schools Leave Areas t — — A hletics Shows The Y . M . C . A . and — Other Welfare Organizations King and Q ueen of Belgium Review 8l st Division ’ — Wildc at Veterans Associati on Shooting — — C ompetition Records L e Mans Shoot Last F Days in rance .

R V . HOMEWA D BOUN D . h — o e . . o Ab ard t U S . S Manchuria Back H me Again

IMPORTANT DATA . Decorations Citations Casualties Regi ’ t — of men al P . O s Routes of Travel Each Battali on

PA RT II .

THE S1ST DIVISION .

H E 81 T I I ION . I . T S D V S — 8l s t Division Staff Officer s Commanding — Maj or Units Official Historical Outline “ ” Origin Of Name Wildcat and Adoption of “ ” — t o . Wildcat Insignia Let ers fr m Maj . Gen no Henry T . Allen and Gen . J . J . Pershing — Casualties 81 st Divisi on Diagram Showing — Organization of a C ombat Division Outline Map of F rance Showing Route of Travel of 8l st Division

APPEN DI! .

R ER 21 T FA W H HOME OST 3 S IN NTRY, IT

ADDRESSES . ’ mece

PAGE

11

’ AGE 1 7 4 0 45 7 5 7 6 7 7 7 9 85 9 5 1 05 1 1 0

AGE

l 40v 144 V T CON E NTS .

FT T A ER THE ARMIS ICE . — Bivouac on B attl efield 175 Mile Hike

After War Training Area- Peasant Life in — — F rench Villages Schools Leave Areas — — t o . A hletics Sh ws The Y . M C . A . and — Other Welfare Organizations King and Q ueen Of Belgium Review 8l s t Division ’ — Wildc at Veterans Associati on Shooting — — C ompetiti on Records L e Mans Sh oot Last Days in France

. RD V HOMEWA BOUND . o h — Ab ard t e U . S . S . Manchuria Back Home Again

IMPORTANT DATA . Decorati ons Citations Casualties Regi ’ t s— o t of of men al P . G R u es Travel Each Battalion

PART II . T HE SIST DIVISION .

H E 81 T I I ION . I . T S D V S — 8l st Divisi on Staff Ofii cer s Commanding — Maj or Units Official Historical Outline “ ” Origin Of Name Wildcat and Adoption of “ ” — o Wildcat Insignia Letters fr m Maj . Gen . H n o enry T . Allen and Gen . J . J . Pershing — Casualties 8i s t Division Diagram Showing — Organization of a C ombat Divisi on Outline Map of F rance Showing Route Of Travel of 8l st Division

A PPEN DI! .

ROS E 321ST FA W H HOME T R IN NTRY, IT

ADDRESSES .

ILLUSTRATI ONS

BREAKING T RO G —W d at Cartoon H U H il c .

” WILDCATS GOING OVER TH E TOP

OFFICERS CO ANDING INFAN TRY NITS NOV 1 1 1 9 1 8. MM U . , HEAVI Y S E ED GER AN TRENC ERD N W ERE MANY A G L H LL M H , V U , H ER AN WAS B RIED A IVE M U L . LARGEST A ERICAN GRAVEYARD IN FRANCE M . “ ” HORSE B OW N INTO A TREE BY A 75 —VERD N SECTOR L U . GER AN CE ETERY B O N P BY A S E M M L W U H LL . BATTLEFIELD AT BATTLEFIELD AT M IN S E A . SERGE NT J A ES B c TO H C A PION A . F WREST ER OF M , H M . . L FIRST AND T H IRD ARMIES HO EW ARD BO ND—T E 32 1 INFANTRY E BARKING ST NAZ E ST . AIRR M U H M , , FRANCE NE 9 , J U ,

M ID- OCEAN—LIFE A B OARD T E MANC H RIA H U . REGI ENTA BAND 32 IST M L , FIRST GLIM PSE OF THE H AIN—D B A 0 9 O E AG ISE RKING NE PORT NEW S A . NE 2 9 M M , W , V , J U , 1 1 .

POE MS .

— ’ A TRANSPORT SAI S FOR FRANCE A E F o r Mot er . L . . . S ld ie s h — BACK To THE L IN E Sergeant F ai r . T 32 1 O — or E ST WENT VER T E TOP C Iva n e . H H p . R id — D B E N I e r A rt . Ma or o ard . e AY R AK I A B LLET R g . Se g . j H w H y EM BE s— r t r r R J C a Ed a d s . Se g . . l ence w — A A . M SON DU SOLD T J . O . G F . A . ’ — A BUCK PRIVATE S PRAYER P au l B arr y . — TH E B OODY AR r t H R a an . G. L W Se g . . e g ’ — L M . . NO T T A L J K . W HAT I S OVER .

- — GOOD BYE O D PAL So d r . . , L l ie SO LONG B D , U

MAPS . SO EDIE E SECTOR MM U ,

ST . DIE ECTOR OSGES S , V — FRANCE MAP S O ING RO TE OF TRAVE 8IST DIVISION . H W U L ,

COLONEL FRANK HALSTEAD , C omma n ding 32 15 t Infa n try .

K H MA OR WARREN S . EIT , G J MA J OR MON TGO M ERY B . AN ELL , tta o . C omman d l ng 3d B a li n Comm a nding l s t B attali on .

C H UC LIE T CO ONE LOUIS E . KER , U . L L S t o o SQ IS t a , L i eut . C l nel Inf n ry

tta o . C omm a n ding 2d B a li n t . ( Ph otogr a ph c ou l d no be secured )

N Y OFFICERS COMMANDIN G COM BAT UNITS 32IST INFA TR ,

NO EM ER 1 1 1 9 1 8. V B ,

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

F ir s t om an o m n d er C p y C m a s .

H t o — eadquar ers C mpany Capt . Gordan A . Duncan (Acting Adjutant ) — C o t . . t Supply mpany Cap Tan B Smi h .

o — Machine Gun C mpany Capt . Curtis Bynum .

o A — C mpany Capt . Daniel W . Adams ( C ommanding

tt o Third Ba ali n) .

o B— C mpany Capt . Chas . R . Bagley . — F o . . Company C Capt . Cicer G alls

D— F o C ompany Capt . Augustine W . lger .

‘ o E - -a t d k C . . C mpany , p An rew J Harris ( illed

t o ac i n) .

m o C ompany F C apt . Geo. R . Daws n . — H . C ompany G Capt . Blackburn ughes — F t o t . Company H irst Lieu . R ber M Barden . — F o I F t L H . Company irs ieut . enry A ergus n . — F Company K irst Lieut. Lawrence Crabb . — F F Company L irst Lieut . Claude . Andrews . — F t . t . C ompany M irst Lieut . Ernes B Hun er

The first medical Officer assigned to the 321st B l mh r Infantry was Capt . Fred H . oo a d t, who served with the regiment throughout its entire r period of service . Captain B loomh a d t was

promoted to maj or April 30, 1918, and to lieu

tenant colonel early in 19 19 .

FIRST DAYS IN CAM P .

The few men who composed the regiment at its organization were taken from the five per 1 cent . called in the first draft , September 5 , 19 7 .

This first five per cent . ordered to training [ 4 ] LIF E AND TRAINING IN AME RICAN CAMP S camps under the selective draft law formed the nucleus of the National Army which was organ ized at that time .

Camp Jackson , on September 5 , 19 17 , when the first men drafted arrived there , was quite different in appearance from what it was a few months later . We , like all new men upon first reaching a military training camp , knew little about what awaited us . The camp was located on a ridge Of thickly wooded sand hills . Just enough trees and stumps had been removed to provide for the construction of the large wooden i barracks . These tra ning camps were built under government emergency orders , and the contractors left all the finishing touches , and much Of the manual labor to the Rookies who were to be trained in them , j ust as if such work was necessarily a part of their military train

Ing . Those of us who came into camp during those first weeks spent almost as much time cutting trees , digging stumps , working roads and doing “ ” landscape gardening as in the study and prae tice Of things purely military . We were nat u rally very slow in understanding what digging stumps and “policing up ” cigarette “ ducks ” and match sticks had to do with winning the war .

But in the emergency , we obeyed orders out of loyalty to our government and to humanity , as if by instinct , and the work was done regardless of how menial or difficult . If one of us dared [ 5 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

question why a certain thing Should be done , he “ ’ promptly received the reply, You re in the ” army now . That e xpression , to the American soldier , had about the same idea Of fatalism as “ ’ did C est le guerre for the French . Anyway we accepted it as sufficient reason for becoming resigned to any fate that might befall us while in the army .

I M PORTANT EVENTS DURING T H E FIRST

MONTHS I N CAM P .

But all was not work . There was time Off for recreation and amusement , and also a few big days to break the monotony Of camp life . The first formal review Of the regiment by the 2 1 commanding Officer was held October 6 , 9 17 If we could only have known what this was the beginning Of , and could have foreseen the many reviews that awaited us in the future , we would have doubtless mourned that night in sackcloth and ashes . It is a kind Providence that with ’ holds a soldier s future from him . It would require more real courage and heroism to face a known future Of twelve months in army life during war time than to go “ over the top ” in a bayonet charge . 2 The National colors arrived on November ,

19 17 , and were first used during a regimental review , November 5 , which was followed the next day by the first divisional review . [ 6 ] LIFE AND TRAINING IN AME RICAN CAMP S

4 On November 2 , 1917 , was organized what proved to be the most successful baseball team

in the American army . This team of the 32l st

Infantry, with its per cent . record and sev “ ” eral no error games to its credit , challenges any team in the American army to produce a

finer record . The team made equally as fine a

Showing overseas as in American camps . Its last game was a “no error ” game against the

A . P . O . 7 62 team at Le Mans , a few days before

the regiment returned to the States .

The Secretary of War , Newton D . Baker , 21 1 visited Camp Jackson , December , 19 7 , and

reviewed the 81st D ivision . The splendid show

ing the division made on this occasion , and the commendations received from the Secretary of

War , made the men feel a little proud of them

selves and their division . They were beginning to see some reason for the hard and intensive

training they were being put through .

The dance given on December 5 , 19 17 by the Officers of the regiment in honor of Colonel and

Mrs . Shuttleworth will be remembered as one of ff the big social events of the 321st. But the O i cers of the regiment will remember with even more pleasure the New Year’ s reception given them and their lady friends by Colonel and Mrs .

Shuttleworth , January 1 , 19 18. Enthusiasm and interest ran high during the ’ regiment s first Field Day, December 21 , 19 17 The splendid records made Showed that the regi [ 7 ] T H E 3 2 1 8 T I N F A N T R Y

ment contained some promising athletic mate

rial . Company F won first place in the meet . The 321st also contained some good Officer

- material . Thirty four men from the regiment

’ reported to the Third Ofii cers Training School

O - at its pening, January 5 , 19 18, and thirty two

’ reported to the Fourth Officers Training School

O 2 which pened May 0, 19 18.

Ex - President Taft favored the camp with his 2 presence , January 9 , 19 18, reviewed the 81st Division in the afternoon and addressed the men

that night in Liberty Theater . The 321st was selected to parade as an h onor regiment in Columbia during the Washington 22 1 1 Birthday celebration , February , 9 8. Although the 81st Division was one of the first National Army divisions to be organized

it was not to be one of the first sent to France .

This was evident as early as October 12, 19 17 w hen at least 50 per cent . of the men in the divi

s ion were transferred to regular army divisions , h principally to the 30t . For more than a month there were hardly enough men in a battalion to form a full company . A continual transfer of m en from th e 81st during the winter and spring f O f 19 18 kept the ranks O the division depleted . It looked as though the 81st was destined to be

a depot division .

- 1 But during May 11 18, 19 8, the 81st was

moved to Camp Sevier, and the tide turned . [ 8 ] LIFE AND TRAINING IN AME RICAN CAMP S

From that time on there was a rapid influx of

i men , especially dur ng May and June . The 321st got its full quota of these new men and was soon raised to war strength again . The 321st suffered a railroad disaster during its removal from Camp Jackson to Camp Sevier that rivals in its horror and suffering some Of

’ the regiment s overseas experiences . The train carrying the advance party of the 321st was wrecked on a trestle j ust as it was pulling out of Camp Jackson . The men selected for this

advance party were a happy , j olly bunch , who came down to the station that bright May morn ing in fine spirits , enthusiastic over making a move that would hasten the day when they would be sent overseas . Fortunately , Maj or

Bloomh ard t saw the cars turn over , and imme d iately rushed a detail with litters and first aid dressings to the scene . Lieut . Col . Halstead soon reached the wreck , restored order out of chaos and confusion , and directed the rescue ’ r parties . Maj or B loomh a d t s timely appear ance and fast work made possible the rescue and administration Of first aid to a large num

- fi ber . There were nine killed and twenty ve wounded . It was during these first days in Camp Sevier that Lieut . Col . Halstead was placed in com mand of the regiment . Probably more than 60 per cent . Of the men who served with the regi

[ 9 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

ment in France came to it after Lieut . Col . Hal stead took command . Consequently neither of his predecessors ever became S O well known to the regiment as a whole , or made such an indel ible impression upon the men . It would be d ifi cu lt to find another colonel with a more forceful personality . Much credit is due Col onel Halstead for the high standing the 321st had in the First American Army . These hon ors , however , Should be shared with the maj ors of this regiment . The Second Battalion , under the command of Maj or Louis E . Schucker , received the highest rating of any battalion in the first Army . Since several changes were made in the commanding Officers Of the First and Third Battalions , the honors of these two battalions will have to be sHared by ] several maj ors . But Maj or Angel , Of the

First Battalion , and Maj or Keith , of the

Third Battalion , deserve especial recognition . Maj or Schucker was closely identified with the life of the regiment from its organiza tion , being the only member of the original staff who remained in command throughout the entire period of service of the regiment . A S Chairman of the Executive Committee of the “ ’ ” Wild Cat Veterans Association , Maj or Schucker had much to do with perf ecting this organization , and in S O doing rendered a distinct service not only to the regiment but also to the — , entire division a service that will be appre [ 10 ]

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y the command Of Lieutenant Colonel Halstead from the time Colonel Shuttleworth left , March

26 , until the arrival of Colonel Threlkeld , April

10. Later , at Camp Sevier , Colonel Threlkeld was transferred and Lieutenant Colonel Hal stead was placed in command , being promoted to the rank of colonel , June 17 , 19 18. Major

Barker , commanding the First Battalion , was succeeded by Maj or Angel] , who was later suc cee e d d by Maj or Pearle A . Davis . Captain

Adams , commanding the Third Battalion , was succeeded by Maj or Warren S . Keith . The reg iment was without a lieutenant colonel from

June , 19 18, when Lieutenant Colonel Halstead was placed in command , until September , 19 18, when Lieut . Col . Clyde R . Abraham was

‘ r assigned to the regiment at Denipé e, St . Die

V . sector , osges Mountains Lieutenant Colonel Abraham was with the regiment only a few days , being succeeded by Lieut . Col . John W .

Blanding . Captain Bynum was succeeded as adj utant by Capt . William W . Roberts , Decem ’ ber 25 , 19 18. On the eve of the regiment s return to the States , Maj or Schucker was made Lieu ten lieutenant colonel , taking the place of ant Colonel Blanding , who was away at school . But Lieutenant Colonel Schucker was loath to sever his relationship with the Second Battalion , because Of his deep interest in the men of his command , and , therefore , retained his command of the Second Battalion until another change in [ 12 ] LIFE AND TRAINING IN AME RICAN CAMP S the staff made it necessary for him to assume command of the regiment . This last change in f the staf occurred when Colonel Halstead , who , on account of having been a regular army offi cer , was transferred to the regular army and

detained in France for service with the A . E . F .

Embarkation Center at Le Mans . This change

’ took place on the eve of the regiment s emb arka tion to the United States . Captain Hughes suc ceed ed Lieutenant Colonel Schucker as com mander of the Second Battalion . There were even more changes among com pany commanders than among staff command ers . Some company commanders were only temporarily assigned and were replaced within a few weeks . A list of these early replace ments is given below .

o to t o t Capt . R . S . N ah Headquar ers C mpany, Sep em 19 1 ber 9 , 7

‘ to o Capt. James T . Q uarle s Machine Gun C mpany, 2 1 1 September 7 , 9 7 . o o t e 2 Capt . J hn T . Sl an o C ompany A , Sept mber 7 ,

19 17 .

kl o t 27 Capt . William J aec e to C mpany K , Sep ember ,

19 17 . 27 t . S t Cap Warren S . Keith to C ompany L , ep ember ,

19 17 .

t . to o t Cap Sidney S . Alderman C mpany M , Sep ember

27 , 19 17 . t o o t Cap . G rdan A . Duncan to C mpany H , Sep ember

19 , 19 17 . 1 1 t . o o to 5 9 7 . Cap Guy Br wn t Company H , Oc ber ,

13 T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

Th e later changes in company commanders were so frequent and numerous , no attempt has been made to record each change .

PREPARATION F OR OVERSEAS SERVICE .

After the first of July the speed - it- u p fever struck the 8l st . Then it was clear that our days in the States were numbered . About July

10 it was generally known that Sunday , July 4 1 , would be our farewell day in Camp Sevier . It was suggested that those who wanted that farewell kiss had better have business at once with some telegraph or telephone operator . These last days in Camp Sevier were marked by hard work and a mixture of strange feelings . For the first time most Of us realized that we were going to war, actually going to fight among bursting shells and dying men . Much of the serious thinking about the grim horrors of war was done during those last days at Sevier . After that most of the men apparently thought little about what might happen to them at the front . Many of them manifested a stolid ind if ference toward the horrors Of war and accepted with a striking nonchalance each order to move toward the scene of action . S O far as we were concerned , the bridges might be burned behind u s—provided they were rebuilt for a return j ourn ey immediately after the fightin g was [ 14 ] LIFE AND TRAINING IN AME RICAN CAMP S

u over . It never occurred to S then that there would be an Army of Occupation and months of weary waiting on the other side The men of the 321st, like all other American soldiers , went into this war to fight it to a victorious finish for the Allies . We had that conception Of our task from the beginning . The time required , whether three months or three years , was Of little concern to us . But we could not under stand how this task could include a seven months

after war program in Europe , for at that time we thought Victory would mean peace and a “ ” return home toot sweet . A S the shadows began to lengthen on that 4 bright Sunday afternoon of July 1 , 19 18, those who had friends or loved ones present bade them farewell , and those who did not , bade farewell to the Old camp with its familiar scenes . The train we boarded was routed straight through to Camp Upton , Long Island , N . Y . We arrived at Camp Upton the morning of 16 July . Before mess call had sounded tw ice we were settled in our barracks and out on the drill field . Not a minute was to be lost . Orders to sail were expected any day , and the most Of us were raw recruits , some having had less than ’ two weeks training . During the two weeks at Camp Upton we were carried through an intensive training schedule . But hard drilling is not all we have to remember Camp Upton for . Here we put [ 15 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

’

D. on O . S , and received full overseas equipment . Here we passed in review three times a day f usually in the midst of a suf ocating dust storm . Here Colonel Halstead made his last address i before the reg ment sailed for France . He made a lasting impression upon every man in the regiment that day . Henceforth the colonel 21 t of the 3 s was well known to his men . The 30th of July found u S en route to Hobo VIa n ken , N . J Brookly and a ferry boat . We

filed from the ferry boat onto the pier , through a big warehouse , and up the gang planks of the troop Ships . The good women of the Red Cross

- were present, and gave u s a happy send off with ” hot coffee , buns , ice cream and safe arrival cards .

In those moments , when we are good enough to think seriously about it at all , we wonder how the Red Cross women can work so untiringly, zealously, cheerfully , and with such utter self

effacement . But after all we know they are actu ated by the mother instinct which seeks ex r f s s i n - r fi p o through self s ac i ce . The follow

ing poem from a mother , inspired by the S a iling h r of e son , reveals the heart Of millions of mothers who suffered with their sons in this ’ war . Would that every mother s son could have been handed such a poem from his mother as he went aboard a transport !

[ 16 ] LIFE AND TRAINING F IN AME RICAN CAMPS

F OR A A TRAN SPORT SAILS FR NCE .

o T day my heart sets sail . This trembling heart ’ That ne er before has ventured far beyond

f o The encircling walls o h me and l ove , fares ou t

t o t of t o Aghas , up n a was e reacher u s waves , Beneath whose crested top of glittering white

t t e o Lurks dea h , wi h cruel eyes and v n med fangs .

0 t Of hear mine , be brave to kn ow and bear All things which must be borne by his stout heart

His t of t o o hear s eel , which nce , Sh rt years ag o,

t c o Bea l se beneath thee , feeble , small and weak ;

o o n And f llow, f llow o , by dark and day,

o th e o of t o Acr ss l ng leagues tha l nely sea ,

od oo th e o o F Until , G willing, l m S h res f rance

o Before his eager , waiting , b yish eyes .

o— SO young to g bu t steadfast , unafraid , Did I n ot teach him early to fear naught In all th e world except to d o a wrong ?

He cannot fear wh o fight s for truth and right .

And I must stay with him in steadfastness ,

Girding my spirit to be brave as his .

D own every dark , rough road of march he treads ,

o S My s ul S hall walk beside . I hall be near ,

F h e of t t eeling t e cold , w t dews dawn ha wash

o ow . His Sleeping, upturned face and s ft, br n hair I Shall hear with h im all th e noise of war

The awful roaring Of ou r rescuing guns , Answering th e thunders of th e enemy ;

h o to See t e sad , ravaged lands he g es save ,

oo . Th eir little children , h omeless , p r and weak

[ 17 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

or I Shall Sit by him when he rests , plays

at o o t A little , watching him c mm n asks ’ t th e o t Which come to all , ev n here , like s ft ligh s f Of m orn against a weary night o war . And on a day when he does val orously

o t to d o S ome noble deed , as s ldiers s rive , h n r o ot for . Exult fo him , w will himself

Sick , wounded , l onely, dreaming Of his home ,

- o h e t Far reaching l ve may make t dream seem rue . — In prison at that word my Spirit quails i I c annot S peak t, Lord , unmingled with

h o n to A prayer to Thee , w came o earth save

The sons Of men , and lay, a little child , ’ Up on Thy mother s breast . Be Thou a rock

’ h o r To shield him from t e h rror s of th a hell ,

o me o t t th e And h ld up , t s and un il end .

t t t ou r If he mus fall ha great land may live ,

H o o h i eart, be th u str ng to bear with m that day His battle agony of bl ood and death ;

t o to t n o S r ng die wi h him o his glori u s field , f And rise with him into a land o peace ,

f or A new land his service and his love ,

t b u t ot f or Where dea h is an her name life .

o th e od Of tt w h o 0 L rd , G Ba les , didst give

TO men o o imm rtal life , and deathless l ve

o o Of freed m , in Thy p wer and might alone

- My weak , h ome keeping heart embarks today .

’ - A . D H . E F . SOL IER S MOT ER . ” o to t t on ( F rwarded S ars and S ripes by her s . )

[ 18 ]

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

cattle . N O respect had been paid the passenger “ capacity of the boats . The old adage , The ” more , the merrier , is not applicable to every “ ’ crowded S ituation . But we realized C est la guerre , although we could not say it at that time . The urgent need of men in France made it necessary to estimate a boat ’ s capacity by the standing room a man required , rather than by the number of cubic feet of air and square feet f of loor Space needed for his health and comfort . This twelve day voyage on these troop Ships was a real test of our stomachs , health , patience and morale . The fact that we survived this test with no loss of life , no accident , very little S ick S ness , ravenous appetites and in good pirits , was a fair indication of how the 321st Infantry would meet the S upreme test soon to come . It was our American spirit that overcame in this , as in many future emergencies . There is

something very real and Vital , and S plendid about that intangible and ind efinabl e thing ” called the American spirit . It is the most distinguishing characteristic of the American

soldier . It is the result of a psychology pecu li rl a y American , the heritage of a free , liberty loving people who have never known the yoke of bondage . The farther and longer the Ameri

can soldier is removed from his native haunts , the more freely and truly does his American S i p rit function . It is what makes him laugh

and j est about his own troubles and hardships . [ 20 ] O V E R T H E R E

It gives him a sense of humor and an eye for

the ridiculous . It turns bewildering predica ments and exasperating circumstances into

exciting adventures . It makes him a genius at furnishing amusement and entertainment for

himself and others at all times and places , whether under shell fire or stuck fast in the mud

of some isolated French village . It gives him a dash and daring in battle that makes him for

get how to retreat under fire . It makes him

proud but modest over his victories . It pro duces in him a comradeship that acts on the “ ” principle that what is mine is thine - a com rad es h ip that makes every soldier a buddie Of

every other soldier . Nothing but such a spirit could have enabled us to endure the life and

food on these boats for twelve days . The most striking impressions Of this voyage may be briefly summed up as follows : The epi

demic of seasickness the first night out , of which there was abundant evidence in every part of Of the boat , owing to the inadequate capacity the receptacles furnished for the convenience of the seasick patients ; the lifeboat drills ; the ceaseless watch for submarines ; the solitude Of midocean ; the aurora borealis or Northern lights seen from our most no rtherly point Off

Newfoundland ; the services of the Y . M . C . A . with its books , magazines , writing material , games and graphophone ; the feeling that came [ 21 ] T H E 3 2 l S T I N F A N T R Y over us as we sighted land in a foreign country ; and the freedom and safety we felt as we walked down the gangplank and set foot on land once more .

— ENGLISH REST CAM PS E ! PERIENCES IN

HISTORIC O L D ENGLAND .

We landed in Liverpool , England , Sunday ,

August 1 1 , but remained in that city only long enough to unload . Here the regiment was Split up and sent to English rest camps : Head qu ar ters first to Knotty Ash , near Liverpool , and n ll then to Wi a Downs , near Winchester ; First and Second Battalions to Winall Downs ; Third

Battalion via Manchester to Wood sley, near

Romsey . That afternoon and night we had our

first experiences with the English railroads , and the peculiar little English compartment trains . Our ride as usual had to be supplemented by a hike with full equipment . This was our first hike overseas , and was done at night over famous Old English roads originally built by the

Romans during the Roman invasion of England . We were told that these English camps were rest camps , but we would never have known it otherwise . We were too tired from our long voyage and the hike Of the night before to become rested during two nights in b u nkl eSS barracks . However, it was better than no stop , and we were especially grateful for the privilege [ 22 ] O V E R T H E R E

of Visiting some of the interesting and historic

Old cities Of England . Winchester , the most

interesting city visited , was for over four hun

dred years the capital of England . Here , dur

ing the Roman invasion of England , Julius

Caesar camped with his famous Roman legions . Here on the wall of the historic old town hall is ’ King Arthur s Round Table , which is a priceless

and significant relic , suggestive of the legends , romances and adventures Of the mythical king

and his knights of chivalry . Here is also the Oldest and most historic of the great English

cathedrals . d These were days of first impressions , an what later was passed unnoticed riveted our

attention at that time . At Southampton we saw for the first time Scottish and Australian

soldiers , German prisoners of war and wounded

soldiers . Our trip to Southampton and rapid cruise

across the English Channel was uneventful , but

easily could have been otherwise , if we had run amuck one of the numerous German submarines

infesting the channel waters at that time . We steamed out Of the harbor at Southampton j ust after sunset , August 13. A wonderful twi light gave an enchanting beauty to the towering

cliffs along the S hore , some of which were n ador ed with stately castles . In the quiet and beauty of this twilight it was hard for us to realize that we were in the danger zone of the [ 23 ] T H E 3 2 i s T I N F A N T R Y

great war . But when we saw our boat Slip out into the channel , under the cover of darkness , and dash at full speed across the channel we were partly aware at least of the immediate danger we were in .

At Southampton the regiment was divided , some companies going on the Duchess of Argyle to Cherbourg , the others , including Head qu ar ters , on the Mono Q ueen and the Londonderry to Le Havre . The regiment disembarked at 14 these ports , August and 16 , and immediately after landing hiked to rest camps a few miles out from the ports .

FIRST I M PRESSIONS OF FRANCE AND T H E

FRENCH .

This was for the most of us our first day in a foreign country , among a people who Spoke a different language . Among our first impres sions of France was the ancient and quaint A aspect Of everything . S we marched through the town and out into the country we surveyed everything we passed with an amazing keenness of interest . Knowing that we were to live and

fight with the French for months to come , we were eager to learn all we could about them immediately upon our arrival . Consequently we were scrutinizingly observant of the appear ance , manners , and customs of the people we passed that day . [ 24 O V E R T H E R E

Our two days ’ stay in these rest camps was a little more restful than in the first . We at least had the “ comfort ” of one of those automatically operated three - minute shower baths for which these English rest camps were noted . The scarcity and low temperature of the water caused many a poor fellow the embarrassment of finding himself nicely lathered from head to foot at the end of the three minutes , when the water was promptly cut off and an order given to clear out . A new Shift that had been waiting their turn for half an hour on the outside was immediately rushed in . We were told on the morning of the 15th to be ready to break camp at o ’ clock next morning . We welcomed the opportunity to leave that camp , but did not like such an early start . The fact that we were Sleeping S ixteen to the tent and on the uneven boards of floored tents did not make us wish for reveille at 3 : 30.

T HROUGH FRANCE IN CATTLE CARS .

There was another surprise and an entirely new experience awaiting us that morning . We hiked over to the town of Cherbourg , where we were marched down beside a long string of box “ cars , each one of which was labeled 40 hommes 8 ” Chevaux . We were counted Off in groups of 40 and packed into these small rough box [ 25 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y cars (about half the S ize of the American box S car) , which bore unmistakable igns , which were equally distinguishable by sight and smell , of a recent cargo of cows . When the last man had crawled in the big S ide door , we realized that the soldier capacity of these cars had been based on standing room . Since we had been classed with horses and cows , we took it for granted that we were expected to stand in our

S leep as they were required to do . But since there was no straw and fresh evidence of a recent use by cows , no one cared for room to lie down . The best way to enj oy cattle car rides is to occupy the smallest Space possible and keep access to plenty of fresh air . This can best be done by sitting in the side door of the car with the feet dangling out . The first feel ing we had when we got on these cars was one of disgust and resentment , but before that had time for expression , it was subdued by that

finer spirit of the American soldier , which turned this two days ’ ride in cattle cars into an

- interesting excursion . To the war stricken French we appeared more like gay excursionists than troops en route to a battlefront . Tonnerre and its Vicinity had been selected for the first overseas training area of the 81st

Division . Headquarters was to be at Tonnerre .

Headquarters of the 321st was to be at Flogny , and the regiment was supposed to detrain there . But through some misunderstanding the engi [ 26 ]

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

- During our stay here , August 17 September 4 1 , we were carried through an intensive training schedule with Special emphasis upon extended order formations and bayonet prac tice . This intensive training called for three Square meals a day—something that we could not get at that time . It is said that the 82l st arrived in France five days ahead of schedule and that no provision had been made for getting supplies to us at that time . We , at least , know that we reached Tonnerre ahead of Divisional Head quarters , which had to be opened up by officers of our regiment . The 321st had a singular record of going ahead of schedules until after the Armistice was signed . From that time on the schedule chasers apparently lost some of “ ” their pep . At least they did not seem able to get us home ahead of schedule . The unexpected arrival of a large number of troops in this district with poor transportation facilities made the difficulty of getting food sup plies quite serious at times . For days at a time there was no use for a garbage can . There was also little use for the wash can , for we sopped our mess kits clean with the last morsel of bread , which was eaten with as much relish as the first . This scarcity of the army ration would have been of little consequence to us had it not been for two additional facts . First , the French of these Villages had practically no food [ 28 ] O V E R T H E R E

f stuf s to sell to American soldiers ; second , we “ were broke , almost to a man , and only a few of us had the money to buy what little was offered for sale . Many of us had not been paid ff o S ince we entered the army in May . French “ ” bread and Vin rouge seemed to be the staples

of the French peasants , and we Sammies devel

oped a special fondness for both of these . Blackberries were plentiful and free for the picking , and many of us often supplemented our d es s ertles s meals with a most delicious black berry dessert . Tobacco of any kind was more difficult to get than food . It is bad enough to be hungry , but it is worse for habitual tobacco users to go for days without a taste of tobacco . Their nerves go to pieces and the craving almost drives them crazy . A few fellows had brought over a few extra cartons of cigarettes . A S soon as one of these fellows lighted a cigarette he was surrounded by a group of eager buddies , each “ ” O pleading for the next draw . N street urchin ever picked up cigarette “stumps ” more eagerly than we did at that time . For once , at least , police details were relieved of the obnoxious “ ” task of picking up ducks . Then came the day when we got our first issue of Bull Durham , one sack per squad . This was placed in the hands “ of the corporals , who gave each man the mak ” ings for three cigarettes a day, one after each meal .

[ 29 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

Although we had been in France a month , we

were not attracted to that time - honored custom of the French which makes them feel perfectly at home under the same roof with the animals

and fowls of the barnyard . Whether it is because of a special fondness the French peasant

r has for his goats , cows , horses , pigs , abbits ,

chickens , geese , ducks , and pigeons , that he often keeps all these animals and fowls under his own roof and in rooms adj oining his les

ch ambr es co c er et a an er a a h la s lle a m g , or whether it is because of his concern for their safety, is not quite clear to us . It may be due to our failure to get the French point of View , but at any rate , S ince our forced habitation with these highly domesticated animals , we would be loath to accept either reason as a j ustification for such a custom .

One day trout were discovered in the swift ,

rocky streams , and trout fishing became a fasci nating sport for some . Perhaps the most gen erally indulged in Sport was bathing and swim

- ming in these creeks in the old fashioned way . This sport brought to many of us pleasant recol lections of the “ Ole Swimmin ’ Hole” days of our boyhood .

Just as we were packing up to leave this area , the Q . M . paid us a visit , accompanied by his little iron chest . Pay day is always a welcome

day , but our first pay day overseas , September 2 1 , was welcomed with a j ubilant enthusiasm . [ 30 ] O V E R T H E R E

ORDERED TO T H E FRONT .

September 14 was another red - letter day in our war calendar . This was the day we left this training area and started for the front . A long , tiresome hike put u S in Ervy , where we “ ” S pent one night in our pup tents , and were supplied with field equipment , such as rolling kitchens , wagons and water carts . Soon after our arrival we were assembled for an address by the colonel . This speech , extracts from ’ which appear below , was Colonel Halstead s last message to us before we went into the trenches .

Extracts from Colonel Halstead ’ s speech 21 before the 3 st Infantry at Ervy, September

14 , 19 18.

t lot of t t o I hink a his regimen , and before I get t — th e front I want to have a few words with you man ‘ ’ ’ ‘ to not o o man , , Why d n t y u keep step , Hold your ’ — heads up , and all that stuff and perhaps give you a better understanding of my ow n feelings for you and o o o my pini n f you .

You came to me only a very Sh ort time a go, and I had b u t a limited time to break you men in s o you h o would have an even break with t e B oche . The nly o f ou way I could break you in and make soldiers u t o y , was to knuckle you down and tr y to make of you able ‘ efii ien and c t soldiers , well devel oped physically and well o t o th e t t t devel ped men ally . S ldiering in Uni ed S a es o or o of is m re less a new thing . There are nly a few wh o us have devoted ou r time and life to soldiering . We had to strain every bit of energy we had to break [ 31 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

th e of t t to men his regimen in s oldiers . Germany

for t for t has been preparing his war hirty years . They have been fighting for four years ; and whil e th e w on d er fu l war machine they had built up is Very badly

i t t t to t o bent and dented , t is s ill en i led mili ary c nsidera ’ o ou t exce tion . There isn t a man am ng y (wi h a few p o h n t t th e tions , of c urse) w o is ot bet er fit ed than aver

age German you meet . “ o o o h o t t t You are here assembled t g t t e fr n , o ake h e th e ost your place by your brothers , t Allies , in m h o of th e t t gl orious time in t e hist ry presen grea war .

o h o c s bu t ve a ccom We are n ot n t e eve f su ces , we h a f t o t pli sh ed a great of ensive . The firs rep r we had was t that we had taken prisoners , hen and General B ailey just told me there were and they h ow o it are still counting . When you realize much w rk ’ takes to make a soldier ( and you haven t all graduated

e ou o t t ou o two y t ) , y will kn w ha when y l se in

days you are melting away too fast . SO I s ay we are m oving forward today at a most opp ortune time . “ One month ago th e Germans were marching on Paris to to Tw o old with nothing s p them . regular army American divisions and th e Marines wh o went ou t to m th e F h o meet them were et by rench and British , w o h e th e o t ld them t jig was up , Germans had br ken o on 30 o t h to thr ugh a mile fr n , and t e Americans ld ‘ ’ t T ou t s to e h e . hem , O hell with y , and hey pp d t Germans

You o or u t c uld have trained as well at Upton Sevier , b n o o they need you h er e . They are ot going t pu t y u o t h int a very active line , bu are going to pu t you into t e t o t of th e t o renches . In fr n renches is gr und called ‘ ’ ’ ’ N O bu t t t o o Man s Land , ha s u r land n w . We are o to W e l o of g ing own that land . have a t young men here and we are going to make th e B oche sit up and ’ t o fir wish hey were at their w n e s id e s , Since we can t be

at ou r own . o Of c urse , at first we may make a few t bu t Ofii er mis akes , we will learn . I have had several c s [ 32 ] O V E R T H E R E

‘ o ou l come to me and say t me , Will y et this battalion ’ o t ? t o t o t g in firs We hink we can g hr ugh hem . I

tt o hear that in every ba ali n . “ I know h ow heavy your packs are . I made them as

t ou et U heavy as hey are , and when y g p there in th e mountains you are going to be damned glad that you Y n have that extra blanket . ou have o e more blanket with you than any other regiment in th e American in F You to one f t army rance . may have ditch o hem , b u t t we will keep hem while we can . “ at ou I have been yelling y and drilling you , bu t I ’ t t have every individual s in erest a heart . I want to make you equal to th e B oche and I want you to meet on or tt o n o f him equal be er gr und . There is t a man o you w h o is not a better man physically than when you to th e Yo o came in army . u might think that y u are o y ung, and your wives and sweetheart s and mothers

t t t t ou o It migh hink ha y are t o young to be killed . is r t for t t igh hem o think that. B u t you are not going o to t with th e idea of getting killed , and if y u hang ge her o you are going to pu t this over . I went t Cuba when I old t t t was nineteen years . When I s ar ed my fa her was ’ t catching a train and in a hurry, and didn t seem o o feel very h ad over my g ing . I believe he was glad — of it and I thought I saw a twinkle in h i s eye proud — that I was going and I was proud of it myself . He ‘ said to me : It takes a wagon load of bullets to kill on e o ou man , S ickness is what kills an army , and I kn w if y ’ i o t g et into a tight place you will stick t u . I wanted to l et you know why you have been work 2 0 ou t ing like you have . If you take 5 men and say ‘ o to Bill , you and George come over here , we are g ing ’ throw a few hand grenades this morning, and Bill ‘ ’ ou o says , Aw hell , we did that yesterday, y w uld never ’ et t t . g anywhere . You can t build an army ha way I o o You am pr ud f every on e of you . have been made s oldiers quic ker than any men ever have in th e history [ 33 ] T H E 3 2 l S T I N F A N T R Y

h o You th e t t th e of t e w rld . have bes regimen in best division in th e army , and if you should ask your b at o o o o tali n c mmander , he w uld say y u had any battalion ’ o e o skinned , and he w uldn t b far wr ng . “ Just think about this drive ! After we get to th e to et to it ou wi e to o sec r and g used , y ll g t in pen warfare , and if they need us bad enough they will send us on o o t a m re active front. B u t I am afraid we will n ot be that lucky. “ s o nx o to et to I never was a i us g in anything. I may n ot t t o t it to o o or th feel ha way ab u m rr w , e next day, ’ o t to f r and I d n mean say I never was scared , o I have Th e o been damned badly scared . usual thing is that y u et t g scared hinking ab out it, b u t when you g et into it, t ot to here is n hing will s p a real live man . “ ou t t i General Bailey wishes y a pleasan r p , and I o o ou oo als h pe y will have a fine trip . I never say g d o n i bye . When y u get a order carry t ou t, bu t first

t it . Yo h unders and u have to use your head . In t e t t presen figh ing I understand it will be on a mountain , th e and we have Germans on a down hill push . Good t ” nigh , and I again wish you a pleasant tri p .

’ Another two days cattle car ride , Via Troyes ,

Chaumont and Epinal put us in Bruyeres . No description of this ride is necessary to recall the

discomforts and cold suffered , especially by

fiat those who rode on the open cars . We Spent the next two days in training in Vicinity of Bel i D e. mont , southeast of St .

Di e We were delighted upon our arrival in St .

during the night of September 18, to find a town

with paved streets and stores . Here at last was

a town large enough to Supply all our wants , [ 34 ]

T H E 3 2 l S T I N F A N T R Y

no casualties from Shell fire , however , and the men found more cause for amusement than fear

in these long range artillery attacks . Another S ight still more interesting was the frequent

- anti aircraft attacks upon Visiting Boche planes .

All those in reserve , nevertheless , felt more or

less suspense , owing to the fact that they were subj ect to a call to action any hour of the day

or night to repulse an infantry attack . But our most unique experiences—those

fraught with real excitement and never- ending

interest , came to us in the front line trenches . By October 10 all companies had moved into

the front line . The thirty days the 32l st held the front line of this sector was enough to thor oughly initiate us into all that pertains to trench

life . Among the things of which we will ever “ ” have a Vivid recollection are : Cooties , rats , S mu d , water , leepless nights , endless guard duty , n l talking in a whisper , leaky, bu k es s , over

crowded dugouts without light or heat . But nothing will be remembered with more vivid ness than th e Shells that came shrieking and

frying through the air day and night , many of which played havoc with our trenches and dug

outs . There is nothing that can more success fully divert the mind from the physical d is com forts of guard duty in a muddy trench during a

cold , rainy night than a Boche 7 7 that has your range and is placing a high explosive within a

few yards of you every few minutes . Some [ 36 ] O V E R T H E R E

times the German artillerymen were very per

sistent, keeping up this sort of thing until it

got on our nerves . N O , we were not afraid

exactly , but were most uncomfortable . Time

passes very slowly on such nights , and we could swear the next guard relief was S leeping over time .

GERM AN I NFANTRY ATTACK REPULSED B Y

COM PANY I .

Only one infantry attack was made against 21 the 3 st on this sector . That occurred at dawn , on the morning of October 9 . This attack was successfully repulsed without any loss of ground by Company I . In preparation for the attack the Germans laid down a very heavy bar rage , using to Shells on a small sec tor , occupied at that time by Company I . The

Germans came over in two waves , following closely behind the barrage They came over prepared to make an attack with liquid fire , but Company I captured the liquid fire gun before it could be used . The fine way in which this attack was repulsed was largely due to the Splendid work of Sergeants Sutherland and Y r r e b e, and Lieutenant Sch illette . Sergeant Yerbe first held up the attack with automatic rifle , killing three Germans . Sergeant Suther land ’ s heroic deeds won for him a citation for bravery and a D . C . S . This was the first D . C . [ 37 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

1 8 st . S . awarded in the Division Lieutenant Sch illetter displayed remarkable coolness and marked ability in commanding the men of h i s sector of the trench . There were nine

S . wounded , but none killed , on the American ide The German casualties were thirteen killed and one wounded , who was taken prisoner . This was the first prisoner taken by the 81st Divi

S ion .

That morn ing, as we saw the stretcher bear ers carrying our wounded comrades wrapped in bloody blankets to the first aid station , some unconscious , others groaning pitifully , we felt with a tremor of our whole being the horror of war . A new and fierce hate was born in our hearts for all things and people who cause war . On the night of October 16 those companies still remaining in the trenches were relieved by the French . The 8l st Division was brigaded

with the 20th French Division on th is sector .

SECOND OVERSEAS TRAINING AREA .

After S pending two days in St . Di e , we took a two days ’ hike to a training area near B amber

Villers . We arrived here the night of October 20th , thoroughly tired out . We had covered about fifty kilometers in two days with full

packs . [ 38 ] O V E R T H E R E

One incident of this hike will always be of interest to the men of Company H . The boys of Company H were unusually fagged and j aded . “ ’ ” But there s a reason . The day before they were served sour beans for dinner and had spent the previous night chasing up and down a ladder in their billet . That night , as usual , they S lept in a barn loft which was accessible only by a ladder . During the night this ladder would not accommodate all those going and “ ” coming . The emergency cases had to j ump down . Some badly sprained ankles were th e result . This unsavory diet , in its after effects , res ect r was no p o of persons or rank . The fel lows of that company have some good j okes on some officers and a chaplain . The police details thanked their lucky stars when an order came out next morning for an early departure . The ten days Spent in the training area near Rambervillers were largely taken up with extended order formations and field problems .

These were destined , and we felt pretty sure of the fact at the time , to be our last days of train ing before we saw action on the front again . We soon learned that we were billed for‘ a part

- in the Meuse Argonne offensive , and expected to have to take part in the operations east of

'

Verdun .

[ 39 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

BACK TO T H E FRONT FORCED NIGHT

MARCHES AND T HEIR HORRORS .

November 1 we broke camp and hiked to

- - Chatel Sur Moselle . Here a long String of our “ ” favorite French passenger coaches pou r L es “ S old ats Amer i cains of the 40 Hommes and 8 Chevaux” variety were waiting to take us to

Sampigny . In cases of emergency , the French graciously extended the use of these trains d e lu r e to their comrades in arms , l es s old ats

A mericains . During our entire stay in France we have undergone no severer test of our endurance and morale than the marching between Sampigny i t and Verdun , v a S . Mihiel , all of which had to be done under cover of darkness and in rain and mud . The sensations and experiences of such a march to the front are vividly related in the following poem by Sergeant Fair

K T HE BAC TO LINE .

’ h e Tr ampin al ong through t darkness, ’ t o th Spl ash in my way hr ugh e rain , ’ h fin on With c a pack slung my back ,

o or h B und f t e trenches again .

’ h F lashes 0 light in t e distance , ’ h Splotches 0 red on t e sky, ’ The sound of a Shell creatin hell ’ o o r e in In a c nv y c e p by . H a S G a t r a G r a e vily helled erm n rench , Ve d un , where man y e m n was

buri ed a li ve .

LARGEST AMERICAN GRAVEYARD IN FRANCE .

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

III CHAPTER .

OVE R T H E T O P .

- MEUSE ARGONNE OFFENSIVE . “ T H E ABOM INATION OF DESOLATION

AROUND VERDUN .

On the night of November 6 we moved into

the dugouts of Ft . Vaux , Champ de Tir , and

P . C . Normandie . Ft . Vaux , three kilometers

’ m r northeast of Verdun , is one of the dozen or o e

strong forts that surround and protect the city .

Several of these forts , including Ft . Vaux , fell into the hands of the Germans during their

attacks in 19 16 . But enough of the forts remained uncaptured to keep the Germans out

of the city itself . When we awoke and climbed out of our dug outs the next morning we beheld another wonder

of the World War . The wonder of this place , which is like all the territory for miles on th e V east, north and west of erdun , is the utter

desolation , the completeness and thoroughness

of the destruction . Nothing was left standing ,

not a tree , nor even a bush . The sight was

oppressive . The barren , shell torn hills were literally strewn with bones of French and Ger [ 42 ] o t a 7 5 V d n S tor . H orse bl own i nt a ree by , er u ec ’ o The h orse s head is ab ou t 1 2 feet fr om th e gr u n d .

These pictures give some i d e a of th e g r ues ome a spect of th e t erri to ry i n w hich th e men of th e 32 l s t h a d to live an d figh t while o n th e o t fr n .

O V E R T H E T O P

b man soldiers who , j ust two years efore , had contested the summit of these hills in a bloody hand to hand combat . During the Crown

’ Prince s attack on the forts of Verdun , the inferno of battle raged continuously for months with a fiercenes s and intensity possible only to modern warfare . There was something in the general aspect of the place that far transcended what our imagination had pictured to us from reading and hearing about it . The effect was “ o wierd and sombre . It was indeed the Ab mi nation of Desolation . Although we were hourly awaiting an order to move up on the front , where a terrific battle was being waged on a big scale with heavy losses on both sides , we felt practically no sus pense or anxiety . By this time we had ceased

to brood over our fate , whatever it might be , and had begun to accept everything as a matter of course . During the five days , November

- 7 11 , our entire future was focused at a very close range . The possible action of the next twelve hours interested us intensely , but we sel dom thought of the future more than twenty four hours ahead . Like a great athlete , on the eve of a hard contest, after a season of stren u u o s training , we felt that a test of our powers and skill was at hand . But we were nerved for the occasion . We were awaiting the fateful hour with eager expectancy . [ 43 ] T H E 3 2 l S T I N F A N T R Y

The eventful order to move up came at

on the morn ing of November 9 . We spent the next two nights in support two miles back of

our front line positions . Being under Shell fire and having to send out patrols rendered sleep and rest impossible for many during these two

days . November 1 1 was destined to be the most memorable day in the history of the 321st

Infantry . This was probably true of every outfit that was in action on the morning of the 1 1 h t . But it was particularly true of the 321st, in that it was our first and only participation in a great battle which subj ected us to a heavy artillery barrage , and a sweeping machine gun S fire . There were three ignificant hours during m 2 . this day for the 3 1st : a . , when the order came for us to move up and attack on the east of Moranville ; a . m . , when we deployed and went “over the top ” through a heavy barrage ; and a . m . , when news of the A rmistice reached us as we were in the very act of taking the German main line trench into which the enemy had j ust been pushed from its front line positions . The spirit of the 32l st on this fateful morn

ing is well expressed by Corp . Ivan Reid in the following poem

[ 44 ] “ ” HAUTECOURT—Wh r a nd C a 321st I a t r e e B A om p nies , nf n ry , we e engaged in

- — D t o . h o f Nov 1 1 1 9 1 8. . f M o t to a d t on t e o . alm s h a n d h n figh ing m rning , ( ep euse )

E — T RRAIN WE T OF MORAN ILLE W h ere l st B n . 321s t r a nd L S V , , elieved A “ ” Com a 322d a t oo o o oth o o C o f N v . l a e p nies , , f ern n , sh wing h les m d by B mpany , 321 t t ' t t t s O o om t . F om t o t th l st B n . , pr ec hemselves fr a r illery fire r his p in e , t “ 32 1 s t o at NOV 1 1 o to a t d th e a t at 1 1 a . . , wen ver . , nl y be h l e by rmis ice m t o 2 t t N v 1 1 9 1 8 S o a t ar s ox e c . Pic ure aken . , , h wi ng men salv ging heir u n d erwe , , , t t r t t which hey had h o w n a w a y th e m orning of h e 1 1 h .

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

OPERATIONS O F T H E 32l ST INFANTRY

NOVEM BER 1 1 , 1 9 1 8.

At a . In . hours ) the Commanding

Officer , 321st Infantry , received at the same time Field Orders No . 7 , 81st Division , and

3 1 l st Field Orders No . , 6 Infantry Brigade , ordering attack at a . m . ( 6 hours ) , after artillery preparation . The brigade order called for advance by the First and Third Battalions to their fronts , and for the moving up of the Second Battalion from Chatillon to Moranville during the night , to attack at the same hour, pushing into the interval between the First Bat talion and the three companies of the 322d

Infantry on its left .

a o n n cer F orces a t th e Dis pos l of C mma d i g Ofit s , r 321 s t Infant y. As the result of divisional and brigade orders the Commanding Officer , 321st Infantry , had at his command the following troops

First , Second , Third Battalions , Machine Gun

Company, Headquarters Company, Supply Com pany, 32l st Infantry .

Two Companies . A and C , 317th Machine Gun Battalion assigned respectively to First and

Second Battalions , 321s t Infantry .

Two Battalions 306th Engineers , Companies

E and F 306th Ammunition Supply Train . [ 46 ] O V E R T H E T O P

322 Companies B , C and D d Infantry , Second

Battalion 129th Field Artillery , and Second

Battalion l 3oth Field Artillery , both of which were under the command of the Commanding

Officer 321st Infantry , after the beginni ng of the advance , so far as concerns the assigning of targets to be fired on .

In addition to the forces enumerated above , the 322d Infantry constituted the brigade

reserve , and the 60th Field Artillery Brigade , less the two battalions above referred to , and plus the sector guns , were under the command of the 8l st D ivision for the preparation and support of the advance . Immediately upon receipt of the division and brigade orders for the attack , Field Orders No . 2 9 , 3 1s t Infantry , were prepared and dispatched by double couriers to the units of the command . This order called for an attack with the utmost Vigor in the direction and with ’ the obj ectives assigned by the brigade order .

During the early hours of the morning , the Second Battalion marched from Chatillon to

Moranville , concentrating under the protection of the ruins of this Village , this concentration being effected j ust before 6 : 00 a . m . ( 6 hours ) . At this point and time the Commanding Offi cer , Second Battalion , received the regimental attack order , having already received the bri gade order at Chatillon . [ 47 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

In At a . . ( 5 hours ) the artillery prepara tion began , and proceeded with vigor until the In 6 hours for the attack , 6 : 00 a . . ( hours ) . It was directed against the enemy ’ s first line posi tions j ust east of Grimaucourt , and particularly agai nst the two enemy strong points , Haute court and Hermeville .

6 : . 6 At exactly 00 a . m ( hours ) the First Bat talion and Third Battalion moved out straight to their fronts , two companies in assault and two companies in support , assaulting companies deploying at wide intervals , support companies in double line of combat groups . The Visibility was extremely bad on account of very dense fog , and the assaulting companies almost imme d iately ran into heavy machine gun fire all along the front . At ( 6 hours and 15 minutes) the Second Battalion moved out of Moranville in assault formation in a northeasterly direction , as directed by the regimental order , to move toward the southern edge of Hautecourt and ’ ou tflank the enemy s position in Montricelle

Bois . The advance of this battalion was delayed by its late march from Chatillon . After

its advance was started , the battalion com mander discovered that a wide gap existed between the First Battalion and Third Battal ion , and he changed the direction of his attack , throwing his battalion into the gap and ad vanc

ing in a direction due eastward . The advance [ 48 ] O V E R T H E T O P

v of this battalion was pushed with igor and , with the aid of the protection on its right and left , the Second Battalion very soon caught up with the advance of the First and Third B at

In . talions , so that by a . hours ) the regiment was advancing practically along a straight front of nearly meters , from right to left , Third Battalion , Second Battalion ,

First Battalion , three companies , 322d Infantry, each of the 321st Infantry Battalions with one machine gun company .

In addition to the forces j ust enumerated , the 316th ( divisional ) Machine Gun Battalion was at Blanzee , under command of the Commanding

General 16 1s t Brigade , to cover the right of the attacking line and protect the right flank of the regiment left exposed to enfilad ing fire by the wide gap between the 16 1st Brigade and the

162d Brigade on its right . As the attack pro

r 3l 6th g essed , the Machine Gun Battalion moved forward , and when the fighting ended , two of its companies were abreast of the sup port companies of the Third Battalion .

The Boche , being advised of the impending attack by the artillery preparation , laid a heavy barrage along the lines occupied by the battal to ions the preceding night . In order avoid the effect of this barrage , the Commanding Officer,

Third Battalion , pushed his support companies close up on the rear of his assaulting companies [ 49 ] T H E 3 2 l S T I N F A N T R Y

in the early part of the advance , with the result that the enemy barrage fell in the rear of them and lost much of its effect . The advance will be described battalion by

battalion .

Th ir d B attal o i n .

In spite of the shelling and machine gun oppo s ition , the Third Battalion pushed steadily for n ward , Company M , o the left, sweeping through the south half of Grimaucourt and clearing out all opposition . At 7 : 30 a . m . hours ) , Companies M and I were in the open east of Grimaucourt , and the Battalion P . C . was moved forward to the enemy trench on the south edge of Grimaucourt , in which had been located one of the machine gun nests taken by Company M . The P . C . remained there throughout the rest of the action . Due to the courage and dash of the Signal

Detachment , under command of Sergeant th Childs , of the 306 Signal Corps , telephone lines were carried forward almost abreast of the advance of the battalion headquarters , so that telephonic communication was had by the battalion commander with regimental h ead qu ar ters almost immediately after h is mo ve for ward .

As Company M fought through Grimaucourt, Company I advanced through the open marsh and stubble south of the village , under frontal [ 50 ] O V E R T H E T O P

fire and oblique fire from machine guns on the

exposed right flank . Realizing this , Captain

J aeckle, without orders , pushed his company,

Company K , from its position in right support

up to the right of Company I , and when the fighting stopped his company was extending the line of Company I to the right and rear . The advance was continued vigorously until 1 a . m . ( 1 hours ) , at which time the order to cease firing found the two companies in the positions Shown in black on the Position Sketch in the Appendix .

S econd B attalion .

The heavy fog of the early morning of the 11th made observation of surroundings almost impossible . The Second Battalion pushed out by compass bearing in the direction to bring it toward its obj ective , the southern edge of Hautecourt and the flank of the enemy ’ s posi M r tion in ont icelle Bois . The first reports of the battalion commander , Maj or Schucker , Showed the battalion working into the interval between the three companies of the 322d Infan try and the First Battalion , 321st Infantry . After advancing in this direction for over a quarter of an hour , failing to secure contact with the enemy , and receiving heavy machine gun fire from the east, his right flank , and dis covering, moreover , a wide unprotected gap between the First and Third Battalions , the gap [ 5 1 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

which had been occupied the day before by the 22 Third (center ) Battalion of the 3 d Infantry , and had been filled by no troops of the relieving

regiment , Maj or Schucker , on his own initia

tive , changed the direction of his battalion and threw it into the space between the other two f 21 battalions . This change , in ef ect, put the 3 st Infantry into the same formation as the relieved

regiment, three battalions on line , and made a

compact line of battle of the regimental front .

Without this change , the Third Battalion would have been left to clean out the southern half of

Grimaucourt, with no troops to attack and clear

the northern half of the village , and both the Third Battalion and the First would have been

left exposed to fire on three S ides .

After changing his direction , as described , r the Commanding Ofli ce , Second Battalion , pushed his advance with vigor to overtake the

contested advance of the other two battalions . 4 4 At 7 : 0 a . m . ( 7 hours and 0 minutes ) , Com pany G reported contact with Company M on

its right . At a . m . ( 8 hours ) Company H

reported contact with Company A on its left .

At a . m . ( 9 hours ) messages received from “ Commanding Officer, Company H : First Bat talion not advancing . Am pushing ahead keep ” ing in touch with Company G .

At a . m . ( 9 hours and 15 minutes ) the battalion commander , seeing that his assaulting companies were about to endanger their flanks [ 52 ]

T H E 3 2 1 8 T I N F A N T R Y

F irs t B attalion . The First Battalion advanced with Companies

B and A , from left to right , in assault , Compa nies C and D , from left to right , in support . Company B left the trenches a minute or two before Company A , the right element guiding on an east and west line , which would have placed the head of the battalion on the Grimau court - Hermeville road east of the turn at The left extended approximately

500 . meters north The support companies , in line of combat groups , followed the assault com anies p at a distance of 500 yards . One platoon of Company A , 317th Machine Gun Battalion , accompanied each of the assaulting companies . Each support company sent forward to its assault company two squads of cleaners - u p and one squad of machine gun ammunition carriers . The Third Platoon of the machine gun company and the 37 mm . gun were held in reserve near battalion P . C . A First Aid Station was estab lish ed at D irectly after the companies went forward the battalion P . C . was moved into the Tran chee de Reseau at and remained there throughout the rest of the action . It was at all times in telephonic communication with regi mental P . C . The companies advanced with excellent lateral

and forward liaison th rough the dense fog , [ 54 ] O V E R T H E T O P experiencing heavy artillery and machine gun

fire from the outset . The left support com enfilad ed pany, Company C , was soon by machine guns at edge of La Grande Cogn on woods and was at the same time caught by intensified artillery fire . It drew Slightly to the In right . At a . . hours ) the left assault company ( Company B ) ran into severe machine gun fire from the south ern edge of Petite Cognon woods and from machine gun emplacements in the open at 30, to meet which it swung slightly to the northeast , but maintained liaison with the company on its right . In the face of this fire it advanced 200 h O yards into the woods and throug the pening, but was there held up by Captain Bagley , who sent a message to the battalion P . C . , saying that he would withdraw from the woods and requested artillery preparation to knock out machine gun nests .

On receipt of this message , artillery fire was immediately requested through regimental P . C . ,

- the co ordinates being given . Messages were also sent to other companies of the battalion , notifying them of the contemplated barrage . 10 15 At about a . m . ( hours and minutes ) the artillery opened fire on the southern edge of n n Grande Cog on , on Petite Cogno , and on the open ground between and to the north . After about fifteen minutes the barrage lifted and Company B advanced straight through without [ 55 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

opposition . One abandoned machine gun was captured and considerable other war booty . By

1 1 : 00 a . m . ( 1 1 hours ) this company had advanced up to the heavy wire before the main

defenses of Hautecourt . Three of its scouts had passed through the wire and were killed by machine gun fire within ten paces of the enemy trench , j ust before the suspension of hostilities .

On the right , Company A went steadily for ward , being held u p once or twice by machine gun nests . It overcame this resistance , how ever , without assistance , it being impossible to 37 use mm . gun on account of poor visibility .

At a . m . ( 1 1 hours ) this company had also reached the enemy’ s wire and two of its scouts had gone through the wire into the ’ enemy s position .

Upon suspension of hostilities at 11 : 00 a . m . , Companies A and B reached the position Shown

in black on the Position Sketch in Appendix . A

gap existing between the two , the battalion commander pushed forward Company D to hold the center of his battalion ’ s line in the position

Shown on sketch .

2 COM PANIES OF T H E 32 D INFANTRY .

Little definite information is at hand about the advance of the attached companies of the i 322d Infantry . They were in extremely d ffi cult terrain under the disorganizing effect of [ 56 ] O V E R T H E T O P

dense woods and a deep marsh . The companies moved out to the advance and were in com mu n ication by runner with the First Battalion ,

321st Infantry , but were Slightly in rear of its advance . Their final position is Shown on the

Position Sketch .

T H E ADVANCE MESSAGE CENTER .

At a . m . ( 8 hours ) the Operations Ofii cer , with two runners , were sent forward from

regimental P . C . to establish an advance mes sage center in Moranville . On the way up toward the front lines , he found a number of soldiers who had become lost from their organi zations ; these he gathered together and took with him eastward along the Moulainville e Moranville road . By the time he reach d the

village , he had a detachment of forty or more men , which he organized into ammunition and stretcher carriers . About half of the men were turned over to the Commanding Officer , Com pany C , 317th Machine Gun Battalion , who was found in Moranville without ammu ni tion for his company , and they were sent back to bring up cases of ammunition which had been dumped on the road during the x night . The rest of the men , with the e cep tion of Six men who were retained as run ners for the message center , were turned [ 57 ] T H E 3 2 l s T I N F A N T R Y over to the dressing station of the Second Bat talion to assist in the evacuation of the wounded .

The Second Battalion ( center battalion ) P . C . was located in a pile of ruins on the north edge of Moranville , with telegraphic communication back with regimental P . C . This was the only telephonic communication to the rear at this m time , a . . , the First and Third Battalion ’ S P . C . having moved forward and having no wire with which to carry forward their lines . The advance message center was accordingly located with the Second Battalion P . C . , at 9

a . nL From this point the Advance Message Center was in telephonic communication with the regi mental P . C . , and there was a good runner com mu n ication to the First and Third Battalions 322 and with the companies of the d Infantry . The battalions were immediately notified of the establishment of the Advance Message Center and were directed to send all reports to it . From here they were relayed to the regimental

P . C . , by telephone and by runner The most important messages transmitted in this way appear in the Appendix . The Advance Message Center was able to co- ordinate the liaison of the whole battle front of the regiment , and was in touch with every forward unit of the command at all times . It was able to transmit orders and information from the regimental P . C . to forward units [ 58 ] O V E R T H E T O P much more expeditiously than they could have been transmitted direct , and fulfilled its func tion in every way . It is considered that the liaison within the regiment was perfect .

T H E E NGINEERS .

Having no infantry reserve , with this entire command committed to the attack , the regi mental commander had ordered the Engineer

Officer , Maj or Bunker , to hold his men as a regi mental fighting reserve , near regimental P . C except for a detachment which was ordered to proceed to Moranville and construct the bridge which has been destroyed on the Moulainville Moranville road at the western entrance to the village .

At 9 a . m . ( 9 hours ) Maj or Bunker reported that the road was being cut up and would be out of action if it were not repaired . He requested that his men be relieved as regimen tal reserve and be used to keep the road in repair for transport . He was ordered , at 2 a . m . , to leave 100 of the 00 men in reserve and to use the other 100 for work on the road . Later in the morning all of the engineer troops were turned over to the engineer officer for this work .

These troops , the Second Battalion , 306th

Engineers , by their work of the morning of the [ 59 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

1 1th , well sustained the high reputation of the

American engineers in France . The absolutely essential work of keeping in repair the two main

approaches to the field of action , the Chatillon

Moranville and the Moulainville roads , was car ried on so effectively that the regiment was

able to get up its heaviest transport , and two ’ batteries of 7 5 s were able to advance up roads

that had been pitted and churned by shell fire . The repair of the bridge leading into Moranville

from the Moulainville - Moranville road enabled transport communication to be carried up to ’ the battalion P . O. S , and made possible the

rapid evacuation of the wounded .

T H E AM M UNITION S UPPLY TRAIN .

The 306th Ammunition Supply Train , with little available transportation , did excellent work in bringing up supplies of ammunition . And it turned over its surplus of personnel to the engineers for assistance in the work on the

roads and bridges .

LIST OF E NEM Y UNITS ENGAGED .

20th Regiment , Fifth Prussian Guard Divi sion , in front of 321st Infantry throughout the

action . The Third Prussian Guard Division was on the right of the Fifth Prussian Guard Division . [ 60 ]

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

(d ) L oss es .

OFFICERS . MEN . Ki lled 2 Killed

Died of wounds . 1 Died of wounds . Wounded 5 Wounded Missing 0 Missing

Total 8 Total

( e ) Infan tr y A rms E mployed .

Machine Guns .

The Browning Machine Gun , heavy, was used by the three machine gun companies participat ing in the operation . However , on account of the fog , targets could not be picked up , and the machine guns did little firing . The machine gunners did excellent work in

pushing their pieces forward , under heavy fire , practically as fast as the advance of the infan try units . The result was that the machine guns were always in a position to fire had oppor tu nit y presented a target . The dense fog hov ered over the battlefield all the morning, until

Shortly after the suspension of hostilities , and made it impossible to get any great effects out of the machine guns .

37 mm . Guns . The fog likewise prevented free use of the

37 mm . gun . At no time during the action was i the enemy visible , and it was imposs ble , simply from the sound of his machine gun fire , to locate [ 62 ] O V E R T H E T O P targets accurately enough to mak e the fire of

3 . the 7 mm . gun practicable About fifty ( 5 0) rounds were fired by the gun assigned to the

Second Battalion . These Shots were fired at a high rate of Speed at very indefinite targets , and

' their efl ect is not known .

The 37 mm . gun in all cases was kept close to battalion headquarters , and it is certain they could have been very profitably used if th e fog had lifted .

Stokes Mortar . The regiment was not equipped with Stokes mortars .

Rifle Grenades . Rifle grenades were in the possession of assaulting companies . Their use was affected by the fog very much in the same way as was the use of the machine gun and the one - pound ers . The assaulting companies practically never saw the machine guns they were attack ing until they were right upon them . There was little opportunity , therefore , for maneuver ing an d for the use of high angle fire . Machine gun opposition was overcome by the dash and stubborn persistence of the infantry , with its two main weapons , the rifle (and bayonet) and the automatic rifle .

(f ) A u xiliary A rms E mployed .

There were no auxiliary arms , such as tanks and gas , used . [ 63 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

(g) A r tillery S u ppor t. The artillery support was sadly lacking in one extremely important respect , in counter f battery work . There was practically no e fect

of our artillery on enemy batteries , and the

Boche artillery was left practically free , and he made good use of his freedom .

The fault lies not so much with our artillery ,

as with our lack of air service . While the fire of the German artillerists was at all times observed and corrected from the air , we seemed to be entirely without aerial observation . The result was that our counter - artillery guns had no targets assigned to them , except when they were directed from regimental headquarters on information obtained within the regiment . The fire on the targets S O designated was very effec tive . With this exception the work of our artil h lery was excellent . The preparation for t e,

attack , though brief, was accurate and effective .

(h) Terrain .

The terrain of the action was difficult . Three general classes of terrain were to be found in O the field of perations ; woods , with thick under brush , and full of barbed wire ; marsh , very wet and boggy , in which one sunk in some places almost up to the waist ; and Open ground pre

senting little in the way of natural obstacle , but much in the way of artificial obstacle , Shell

craters and wire entanglement . The Germans , [ 64 ] O V E R T H E T O P

by damming small streams , had flooded the ter rain in front of part of their wire .

n t - Ta k De e s es ( i ) E n emy A i n f n . The enemy had made elaborate preparations for defense against tanks . The greatest sur prise was expressed by German prisoners at the absence of tanks in the action , their first ques “ ” tion being, Where are your tanks ? Evidently expecting that any advance attempted in the sector would be assisted by tanks , the Germans had mined all the principal roads and the side streets of Moranville and “ Grimaucourt . The S ign Achtung , Tankminee, was found in several places and several prison ers volunteered the information that the prin ci al p roads and all bridges had been mined .

One tank mine was exploded by a German Shell , j ust in rear of the support companies of the

First Battalion , but far enough away to cause no I nj ury .

The engineers were ordered , immediately after a . m. , to inspect the streets of the village , the roads and the bridges and buildings for mines , and they uncovered a great many . The mine used was a number of large caliber shells , with fuses connected with electric wires . In some cases the mines were arranged to deto nate on contact ; would support a loaded wagon , but would be discharged if a heavy truck or tank passed over them . [ 65 ] T H E 3 2 l s T I N F A N T R Y

Below is a Regimental Field Order of peculiar interest to men of the 321st. It was the order “ m that sent them over the top , 6 a . . , Novem

ber 11 .

H t 321 st t Field Orders I eadquar ers Infan ry,

1 1 19 18 . N o. 9 . o . S N vember , , A M

1 t o H t o th e . The enemy s ill h lds au ec urt and line

- Hautecourt B ois de M anh u ell es . This regiment will o attac k at h urs .

2 o t of h t . Ultimate bjec ive t e a tack is Warcq . Main stren gth of first attack will be directed against Haute court and will envel ope Mon tr icell e B ois and flank th e ’ t of M n r i e l enemy s line wes o t c l e .

3 O . This regiment will be reinforced by C S . A and B , 317th B n o h B M . G . . , by C os . B , C and D f t e l st n . , 322d 3 6th E n 1 O t th 2 B n . r s C . Infan ry, by e d , o g . ( less ) h tw o O . 3 and by C S 06t Am . Sup . Tr .

B n tt o on 3d S . t 4 . The l s t and will a ack enemy p si i s

t 2 B n . o straight to their fron s . The d , leaving M ran

oc o t t t Co n on ville , will pr eed n r heas be ween Le Grand g o n on oo t tt and Le Petite C g w ds , hence a acking enemy p ositi ons south of Hautecourt and flanking B ois de

31 th . E u . o h ll e O . 7 . t t e M on tr ic e . C B , M G , is assigned

o o 2d E u for i w t t . 0 S n ts . 0 . . . 2d . and C ill rep r C orders .

m 3 th E n . 2d E . 06 r s o on e om 5 . The C . 0 . , g , will h ld c pany as regimental infantry reserve near th e regimen th e ot o o t al P . C . He will use her c mpanies t maintain th e repair of roads leading to Moranville and imme d iately repair th e bridge on M oulainville - M oranville o h road just west of M ranville . The companies of t e

h o 306t Am . Sup . Tr . will be used to bring f rward ammu n ition to t th e E n r o n h e supply and assis g s . in w rk o t o r ad . [ 66 ] O V E R T H E T O P

o o o to th e tt t o t 6 . Battali ns will m ve f rward a ack wi h u o o further orders at a . m . ( 6 h urs ) this m rning . o t t Very thin f rma ions will be assumed , wide in ervals o t and distances . Sc uts will be u ilized as cleaning up and sniping parties . Aggressiveness must characterize

h e o t o t attack at all stages . Liais n wi h aer plane and

. 44 o N o . t artillery as per Operati ons Mem . Keep hese o of o of headquarters inf rmed every m vement . In case fog runners and telephones will of necessity be depended

U o for co- o t o t of p n pera i n wi h artillery . In absence panels , display towels , socks , underwear , handkerchiefs , o to o o mirr rs , mark u t fr nt line s .

7 . t . Regimen al P . C . remains at present p ositi on F orward message center will be established early in th e o o m rning in M ranville .

F RAN K HALSTEAD , olon el 321 3 t In an tr C , f y ,

C omman d in g .

This report of the information gained from a German prisoner shows how thoroughly our

intelligence officers probed prisoners .

1 32 s t . F rom : C . O . Inf i A t Reg mental P . C .

1 1 ov 1 18 Ho o 1 o Date : N . , 9 , ur : N . , By C urier . 1 th o l s To 7 Army C rps , t American Army . Wounded German captured rep orts to my Intelligence ffi o o : o to 5th o O cer as f ll ws Bel ngs Guard Divisi n . ’ o o t o o W unded at Grimauc urt yes erday a . m . 7 cl ck . to to t 3 o t Line be held las man . Main line kil me ers in of 2 rear Hermeville . Captain is dead , Lieutenants

t . Von tt o o 200 t lef Liers Ba ali n C mmander , me ers per

o . N o o t o of c mpany reserves . Kn own f abdica i n Kaiser o t o of and f rma i n Bavarian Republic four days . Thinks

Germans will accept conditi on . Artillery fire was very o str ng . Mines laid on S ide streets of Grimaucourt c on [ 6 7 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

o o n ected to wires. Will supp rt a l aded wagon bu t not

r t k . K a heavy truck o an All bridges mined . now o t 3d o t of o Americans in fr n . Guard n r h Grimau c urt . tw o o t 5 In Captured o pris ners ab u a . . yesterday . Each o of 40 to 4 o regiment 6 c mpanies 5 men per C . , 2 heavy

OS t one machine gun C . per regimen , to each battalion . o o 4 to 12 com One 2s . , C rp ral , men each , guns per F o‘ t . . . . . pany . ive ligh machine guns per Inf C Reg P C

t of on o - H one kilo. wes Warcq r ad Warcq ermeville at of o B north side r ad N . P . C . in Hermeville .

H ALSTEAD ,

olon el 321 3 15 In an tr . C , f y

{ 68 1

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y around their open camp fires told of a j oy too deep for words and too sacred for a public demonstration . Such demonstrations as fol lowed the receipt of the news of the Armistice in our cities , would have been as much out of place on the front that day as at the funeral of a great and honored personage . We were on hallowed ground— hallowed and forever made sacred to us by the blood of our own comrades , whose mangled and shell - torn bodies still lay around us on the battlefield . The night of the 12th was spent by the S ide of a cemetery in Moulainville , where we bivou acked again around cheerful camp fires with the starry heavens open to our g aze . r i nt The next day we hiked to Camp D a , where we spent five days resting and getting ready for the long hike back to a training area in central

France . The 17 5 kilometer hike from the front to this training area in the vicinity of Chatillon - Sur Seine will always stand out as one of the great est feats of our overseas experience .

This hike was made with full packs , and with all the accouterments pertaining to the full and complete equipment of the American soldier . 18 The march covered fifteen days , November

December 3, and was a severe test of physical endurance , morale and the jovial , happy disposi tion of the American soldier . Among the many things that added to the difficulty of the hike [ 7 0 ] A F T E R T H E A R M I S T I C E

were three that proved to be discouraging han d icaps : ( 1 ) The weakened condition of the

men , due to exposure and hardships on the front ; ( 2 ) the epidemics of dysentery and bad

colds , to both of which at least 7 5 per cent . of the men fell victims ; and ( 3) the bad conditions

under which we had to march and Sleep . The

distressing , continuous coughing that went on all night long in the billets ( usually cow barns ) “ Us during the march , still haunts , and the line i ” of sk rmishers that was quickly formed , often “ at double time , immediately after every fall

out along the road , is still a familiar scene to

all of us . As usual , a few fell by the wayside , choosing rather to press the Springs of a hos

pital cot than the mud of a French highway . We broke all our hiking records on the first

day of the hike , November 18, when we made 31 20 ’ kilometers ( about miles ) . That day s “ ” march so nearly finished us , that it took us

three days to recuperate . We took the rest of “ the hike in broken doses , and suffered less

disastrous results .

During the hike overcoats were worn accord !

ing to military orders , which did not always coincide with changes in the weather . It w as nothing unusual to hike in the rain with rain coats and overcoats strapped on our packs . In S pite of strict orders to keep everything we had , we were short many pieces of equipment and

clothing when we reached our destination . [ 7 1 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

Packs grew smaller and lighter with each da y of the hike . When soldiers start on a long hike

- with full equipment, the law of self preserva tion soon asserts itself . There are certain commands that were repeated so often , I suppose they will ring in our ears until our dying day . Keep on the ” “ ” “ ” right of the road , Cover in file , Keep step , “ ” “ Dress up , Fall out on the right of the “ ” road (smoke , if you Shake it up , “ ’ h ’ ’ I ll be Get t hell out 0 there . Double time There were many others , but these are enough to remind us of certain “ hard boiled” officers and non . coms . The army is one place where a man is certainly not his own boss . Thanksgiving came while we were on the long hike . That Thanksgiving will be remem bered mostly for what we didn ’ t have and didn ’ t do in contrast to what we had had and had done on previous Thanksgivings . The Y . M . C . A . sent us some candy and cigars , which were badly needed and thoroughly enj oyed . It is said Company H celebrated the day with a keg of vin rouge . Extras for a big Thanksgiving dinner were out of the question . During the hike it was difficult for the mess sergeants to get even the regular supplies . But they did not forget us and as soon as we got settled in our a s new training area , they prepared a real Th nk giving dinner with turkey . [ 72 ]

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

experiences of life . Those of us who finished this hike together felt more closely bound together than ever by those ties of comradeship that had been established during our stay on the front . We also felt that we had something in common with the soldiers of past wars who had made long marches Under trying condi tions .

AFTER - W A R TRAINING AREA PEASANT L F H V LLA IFE IN RENC I GES .

Late on the afternoon of December 3, the

321s t reached its after- war training area in the

- - vicinity of Chatillon Sur Seine . Headquarters ,

Headquarters Company, Supply Company , and 317th Machine Gun Company were stationed at

l - - Ampilly, the First Battalion at Cou imier l e sec , the Second Battalion at Puits , and the Third l Battalion at NeS e and Massoult . These are typical little villages of rural France They are inhabited almost solely by French peasants whose customs and habits apparently have not changed S ince the early days of the French republic . The American soldier was very nearly correct who said , if you had a rubber stamp of one French village , you would have them all . Yet , when the houses are considered individually their dissimilarity is equally as striking as their s imilarity . Inas much as the French peasants never follow any [ 74 ] A F T E R T H E A R M I S T I C E

specific plan in the construction of a house , one never sees two houses exactly alike . But the same general plan is used in the construction of all of them . Consequently all of them have th e same general appearance and arrangement .

These five quiet , secluded little villages with a population varying from 200 to 300 each were destined to be the home of the 321s t for five and

- one half months . We Should thank our lucky stars that we did not know the duration of our stay upon our arrival . The population of these villages was tripled in one night . The next morning in each village the natives saw 600 to 800 American soldiers crawling out of stables , barn lofts and rooms in every house in the vil lage . These lines from Sergeant Maj or Herty cleverly describe the scene in our billets at day break K DAYBREA IN A BILLE T .

o It is a frosty morning, c ld and damp ; t N o sound disturbs th e calm tranquili y . t The light that lives is b u t an ancien lamp , That guides th e oxen ere they step on thee

B u t hark ! th e mighty bugler is awake , And does with his infernal weap on make o A crashing s und like thunder . o o D oughb oy, if thou remainest unm ved by suc h a n ise , ’ - — T omorrow s sun will find thee ou t of luck ; o h t So, up ! th u brave , and with t y guns and oys o t ot —G for h and start to earn an her buck . . T M T t EG ERG . A OWARD . ER Y d R S J . H A H , in S ars an ” Stripes .

[ 7 5 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

Most of the French peasants Opened their homes and their hearts to US , and Showed US a hospitality as genuine and unselfish as our own American homes could have Shown the soldiers r of any army . The French were keenly app e ciative and profoundly thankful for the valuable services of the American soldiers . Many of them sacrificed and toiled day and night for American soldiers in grateful recognition of ’ America s timely aid in the World War . But the hospitality of the French could not satisfy that longing for home and friends left

behind . The two poems that follow appeared about that time and Show how strong and gen u ine that feeling was .

E MBERS .

h e t Yes , t ime is hanging heavy F or th e b oats are hauling h ome h e When you l ook into t embers , ’ ’ 0 ou th e o Stead fire , y see f am o Of a swaying , spraying cean And th e miles on miles of blue That are waltzing with th e distance ’ o That s between your folks and y u .

And you maybe take th e bellows That th e Poilus use to blow

Up th e lazy , backward blazes o o Or th e coals that l af bel w . ’ And you re a pt to keep on pumping

When th e fire is under sway, F or th e embers are your ocean ’ - And your dream b oat s on th e way. [ 7 6 ]

T H E 3 2 l s T I N F A N T R Y

’ or o o Living dead , a s ldier s h me Is n ot in Picardy n or T oul ; ’ It s westward , where a maid at eve oo Sc atters white roses in a p l .

One for his heart that aches for me One for his s oul th at lives for me or on And heart soul e day will come , ’ F or o here my s ldier s home shall be . — A “ J . . . F O G , . . , in Stars and Stripes .

A return to the close order drill of American camp days gave to “ Squads east and west” a trying monotony . The cessation of hostilities had robbed bayonet practice , field problems and maneuvers of all of their interest and excite ment . Men have passed the imaginative period , and it is hard for them to play at war with any enthusiasm , even in the face of the prospect of immediate hostilities . For men who have j ust experienced the excitement and horrors of real battle , playing at war is the tamest and most farcical of all games . At that time we felt that the possibility of another outbreak of hos tilities was so Slight that we had no incentive for further training . This intensive training schedule gave way to a more lenient one after

Christmas . The new order called for occa s ional Short hikes of the regular army style . These hikes varied the regular morning s ch ed l U e .

But little had been done to relieve the tedium , monotony and general disagreeableness of life [ 78 ] A F T E R T H E A R M I S T I C E

in an army camp in a foreign country . Our reaction against what we had to put Up with at that time is cleverly and humorously summed “ ’ up in A Buck Private s Prayer , by Paul “ Barry . This prayer first appeared in The ” Puits Paragon , a weekly newspaper edited , managed and published (without the aid of a printing press ) by the Second Battalion ’ s ingenious little j ournalist and public account ant , Paul Barry .

’ A BUCK PRIVATE S PRAYE R .

’ o t I l L rd , ake me where l never sleep of t On a bunk whea straw hard and cheap , s it on of Where I can a chair instead a keg, ’ t o t for o Where hey d n give pills a br ken leg, oo old t fl o W here I can take a g d ime p, n ot t t o Where pudding is jus swee ened sl p , n oo t And where man o raw f d ge s ,

And nob ody swipes his cigarettes . ’ o o t L rd , I d n like sandy j am ; o Give me s me eggs and a little ham , Drill me not six hours a day ; F orget stewed prunes for once , and say, ’ o t I d n like beans half seasoned with lard . o o May I never be pinched by a pr v st guard ,

And pray, may I never miss retreat, o h And be c nfined to t e company street. My stomach turns a flip if I see macaroni “ ” - o O r smell that gold fi sh s o awful b ney . And th e darned scared water which they call tea

Evokes a string of words from me . “ t And , Lord , I have never yet learn t T o like army bread if it is burn , ’ h e n xa er atin A n d t beef ; I am ot e gg , [ 7 9 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

’ “ " i o c o ol e t . When I say it s s o, t w uld h ke Sa an ou Lord , take me s omewhere , if y can , ’ Where I ll not have to e at ou t of a darn mess pan , ’ “ ” o t Where I ll never again hear , C mpany, Hal , o t N or e at boiled spuds with ut any sal . ’ ’ And I ll be s o glad I d almost weep , o Could I g et a mattress on which t sleep . h ’ o o off t e o . L rd , take b iled mush bill fare ’ This is th e end of a Buck Private s prayer .

P T L Y o 321s t t Th e . AU ARR V P B , C . G. , Infan ry, in ” o Puits Parag n .

Christmas and New Year came and went . The decorated “ Y” huts with their Christmas trees and gift box for each man , and the Christ mas trees for the French children on New ’ Year s given by the American soldiers , were the only visible S igns of a Christmastide . The 2x4x6 boxes that stuffed the mail bags at that time were j oyful reminders of the folks at home .

The contents of those little boxes , whether cats or gifts , were enj oyed as a Christmas box never was enj oyed before . But the good cheer they brought and the happy memories they awakened meant even more to the homesick Sammies . During the spring the outstanding features of our training were parades , reviews and field ’ inspections . Our colonel s interest in these i never waned . Like a fond mother he l ked to

Show us off. But on several occasions he ’ co u ldn t S how us off to advantage on account of i the snow , rain and mud . Snowy , ra ny days were not selected for reviews and field inspec [ 80 ]

T H E 3 2 l S T I N F A N T R Y

although they are extremely difficult to kill , the camps were occasionally supplied with fresh meat .

— — S CHOOLS LEAVE AREAS ATHLETICS

S HOW S .

The things , however , that were of most inter est and value to the men during their training period were 1 ) the educational classes in the vast school system of the A . E . F ( 2 ) trips to the leave areas , and ( 3) athletic and entertain ment programs promoted by the Y . M . C . A . and other welfare organizations . Besides a large number of men who were sent to French and British universities and the

A . E . F . University at Beaune , each battalion had its post schools attended by 7 5 to 100 men from each battalion .

One of the finest , most farsighted and most appreciated policies of the War Department was to open up leave areas for American soldiers throughout France and England . The leave areas which were in the noted health resorts and amusement centers of France and England , were the brightest and gayest spots in war stricken Europe . At these leave areas the men were free from all military duties , except to act

a . gentlemanly , and maint in a soldierly bearing They went and came at will and had a “good ” time in their own way . Every man who went [ 82 ] A F T E R T H E A R M I S T I C E to a leave area brought back with him at least one pleasant memory of his life in France . The introduction of athletics into the regular schedule was of special interest to many . Large

numbers went out for football and baseball . The regiment furnished five players on the divi s ional football team and three players on the divisional basketball team . The football repre s enta i e i l r t v s were : Lieut . William A . Sch l ette ,

Company I ; Sergt . Geo . A . Owl , Company I ;

Sergt . James T . Smith , Company G; Sergt . Nor man G . La Motte , Company H ; Corp . W . W .

Waggoner , Company E . The basketball repre s entatives were : Capt . Blackburn Hughes , Com

r pany G ; Capt . Walter R . Roth ens ies , Head qu a n ters Company ; Corp . Chas . J . McGow a , Com pany H . Mention has already been made of the regimental baseball team with its remarkable

record . The team never lost a game , either in the States or overseas . While we are proud of the records of our best athletes and S pecial teams , yet we know that the company teams and company athletics in which large numbers of men could take part meant most for the men as a whole . Each company had its own football

- and baseball teams , and played inter company games . Perhaps the most brilliant playing done on any of the company teams was done by “ ” Corp . Wh itie Glazner , who pitched for Com pany H . [ 83 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

It was a man from the 321st, Sergt . James B . w res McIntosh , that Oopped the heavyweight tling championship of the Eighth Army Corps . Sergeant McIntosh won in the championship “ ” bout over Jankowski , The Russian Lion , of the 29th Division , and fou ght his way through to the A . E . F . finals , winning all matches except his final match for the A . E . F . championship . One of the most surprising developments in 1s the A . E . F . , and especially in the 8 t Division , was the discovery of so much splendid theatrical “ ” talent . The Wildcat Show , 0 . U . Wildcats ! was a howling success throughout its tour of the American camps in France . It received the heartiest applause and highest commendations from officers and men everywhere it was played . The play was also given in the large theaters of

Paris , Tours and Le Mans , and each time took the house by storm . Many have said that there ’ was no soldier boys play in the A . E . F . more “ popular than 0 . U . Wildcats . It was a typical ’ doughboys play, depicting and portraying , in a most realistic manner by means of appropriate costumes , scenery and clever impersonations ,

doughboy life in France . En route home the

play was given aboard the U . S . S . Manchuria ,

and again in Newport News , Va . , after the regi ment landed .

Private Clyde Hooper , who played the role of “ a Raw Recruit, was by common consent the star of the whole performance . His dry humor , [ 84 ]

IG MA K th e of th e t B C , Wild Irishman Wildca o w on t t - o of t Divisi n , hir y f ur ficial ma ches , winning

h F . h over every divisi on of t e A . E . except t e

42d o o t o h ( Rainb w ) Divisi n , wi h u t t e aid of a trainer

He o o or or medical adviser . h lds sec nd prize f wrestling

t h e A E F th e for th e t c in . . . , and medal wres ling ham

ion s h i of th e 8l s t o E t A o th e p p Divisi n , igh h rmy C rps ,

F t A i A S . . S . O . , irs rmy and Th rd rmy

’ Sergeant M cIn tos h s wrestling tour took h im through

h e t of E B t principal ci ies ngland , elgium , Germany ,

F Hi m t . s t t Switzerland , I aly, Spain and rance las a ch was staged in th e M onte Carl o Casino before spec

- t M cIn tos h tator s . Single handed and unaided , Sergean

F t th e A E . . . fought his way o . finals A F T E R T H E A R M I S T I C E burlesque on Southern dialect and droll manner produced an uproar every time he came on the stage . One of his song hits was

D own where th e w ater mill on grows , H w o o I l ve her , nob ody knows ; ’ o to I allers g see her in my Sunday meetin clothes , o h o D wn where t e w atermill n grows .

Other songs that made a hit in this play “ ‘ ’ ” were : I Wanta Go Back , by Clyde Hooper , “ ” and We Are Awfully Glad We Are Soldiers , “ ” by Joe Goodwin . The Bloody War , by Sergt . 2 H . G . Reagan , of the 3 1s t, was perhaps the most popular song of the play . A few verses of this song follow

THE BLO ODY WAR .

o I was a simple c untry boy, I lived ou t on th e farm ;

I never even killed a flea ,

Or done nobody harm . ’ ’ It oo i s bl dy war , t s bloody war .

h f One day t e Sheri f caught me , “ on He says , Come with me , my s ; ou Your Uncle Sammy needs y , ‘ ’ ” To help him tote a gun . ’ It s bloody war .

They took me to th e train next day The crowd it was immense ;

I never could g et with my girl , th e B u t I kissed her through fence . ’ I oo t s bl dy war .

[ 85 l T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

th e When I first landed at camp , I certainly did feel blue ; “ old o My sergeant says , Cheer up , b y, ’ ” of o We ll make a man y u . ’ It s bloody war .

They fed me on p otatoes ,

And beans , three time s a day ; It t h e o mus be all t h gs are dead , th e And hens , they never lay . I ’ t s bloody war .

oo of They punched my p r arm full holes , They vaccinated me ; D The oc thought it was funny, B u t th e o o j ke , I failed t see . ’ It s oo bl dy war .

h o They tried to teach me ow t drill , I did th e best I could ;

B u t my captain told me to my face , of o My head was made wo d . ’ It s bloody war .

o h e They sent me ou t n t range , To hear th e bullets S ing ; ot for on e o I Shot and sh wh le day,

And never h it a thing . ’ It s bloody war

“ t to S oot at My cap ain said h will , “ ” I says Which on e is he ?

That made my captain angry, u n at And he fired his g me . ’ I o t s bl ody war .

o o They m ved me away fr m camp , ’ I landed o e r in F rance ;

[ 86 ]

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

M Q I T PROGRA 3 S INFANTRY PLAY .

The 321st Players Present HOMEWARD B OUND “ A Little B it of Everything Under Directi on M D o . c evett o Private Raym nd J , C rp . Ivan Reid , Music al to Direc r ; Private Frank Teed , Manager Supervised by F Lieut. Percy . White , Lieut . Ridgley Hunt ACT I HOMEWARD BOUND Scene : On B oard th e Transp ort Olympic Characters

Red Cross Nurse Private Francis R . Hay t Banj o Lewis Priva e Kenny J . Lewis — o o S oldiers Bugler D onna , Corps . Harry R berts , Rans n t o t F C . Wea herman , Tim thy D . Sullivan , Priva e irst F t o Class rank Watson , Priva es Arthur Ryan , D uglas o Dean , J . Paul Carrigan , O . K . Wains c tt and Bugler

Holcombe .

L Mot e t . o a A Voice from Over th e Sea . Serg N rman G . t t Uncle Sam Priva e J . Paul Carrigan t ot S ailor Priva e 0 . K . Wainsc t H o S oldier C orp . arry R berts S oldier Private Charles F awkner ACT II ” DRUM S OF OUDE ( By Special Permission of Charles Frohman ) Scene : S omewhere in Indi a Characters Sentry Private J ohn Beard t o L aM otte Captain M c Gr egor Serg . N rman G . Lieutenant Hartley Private Charles Fawkner

‘ Sergeant McDou gal Private Charles Orton

F irst Sergeant Sergt. Eugene Messmer o t t S econd Sergeant C rp . Ar hur S rube [ 88 ] A F T E R T H E A R M I S T I C E

to t . Mrs . Jack Clay n Priva e Francis R Hay

Sep oy Private Raymond J . McDevett ACT III Scene : S omewhere in America Characters

n l e t F t t o Tillie Tw i k toes . . Priva e irs Class Frank Wa s n t o Pittsburg Kate Priva e 0 . K . Wainsc tt A Waiter Private D ouglass Dean t A Rube Priva e J . Paul Carrigan A Drunk Private Arthur Regan

Porter Private Kenny J . Lewis

Dete ctive Corp . Ransom Weatherman

t t o M De Wai er Priva e Raym nd J . c vett o Salvati n Nell Private Francis R . Hay Col onel Private Charles Orton o Orderly Corp . Harry R berts Orchestra to Corp . Ivan Reid Musical Direc r t o Clyde C . Pegram Firs Vi lin o t James M . Perryman C rne t James C . Teague Clarine F o Sergt . A . . Charles C rnet Albert Perez Trombone o Alexander L hse . Cello B o C orp . Talmadge Linville aso n o Steve Hutchins n . Drum Stage Crew Ho o Private Ernest Berg, Bugler lc mbe, Private Richard t t t H . Blevins , Priva e Lich ens ein , Private George t o o Fahrig, Priva e J seph A . G urdier . Scenery Painted by t o Priva e Ge rge W . Loehr , Assisted by Private Ralph Shea

o t t t t o They f ugh heir figh wi h c urage bright, ‘ ’ And carried on with purp ose grand ; ow t t N give hem hat which is their right, k th e to d Bring bac Yanks Yankee Lan . 89 T H E 3 2 l S T I N F A N T R Y

These special features of the spring program helped greatly to cure our h omesickness and relieve the tedium of the daily military routine .

For weeks after we first went to our after - war training area there was absolutely nothing in the way of amusement or entertainment . Th e war was over . All incentive for further train ing and preparation for war was gone . The inevitable reaction that follows a period of f intensive ef ort under high tension had come . We were obsessed with the sole thought of going home . All duty was irksome . The void and emptiness of our waking hours when off duty was proving fatal . The lack of any recrea tional activity or stimulating amusement was producing dire results .

W T H E Y . M . C . A . AND OTHER ELFARE

ORGANIZ ATIONS .

In the light of these conditions one can appr e ciate what a tremendously important service i the Y . M . C . A . and other welfare organizat ons rendered our outfit through the educational , athletic and entertainment programs j ust described . In our regiment the welfare organi zations were ably assisted in the execution of r these programs by our ofii ce s , who were quick to appreciate how vital and essential such activi ties were to morale and to the general happiness [ 90 ]

T H E 3 2 l s T I N F A N T R Y

i snow , rain and ha l for several hours that day and tramping around in the mud for several

more hours , our appearance was not as immacu

late as desired . Neither were we in the mood

to be presented to a king and queen . Reviews

on such days were not conducive to a gracious , f af able disposition . Yet we looked our best and did our best for the sake of the flag we followed

and the country we represented . We found King Albert and the Q ueen very democratic and

i . cord al The King and Q ueen , accompanied by

General Pershing and the divisional staff,

walked through the ranks . Some of the men claim th e honor of shaking hands with the King and Q ueen and having remarks addressed to

- them personally . This was a red letter day in

the history of the 321st.

GENERAL PERSHING REVIEW S SIST DIVISION

F OR LAST TIM E .

- Another red letter day soon followed this , when General Pershing himself reviewed the

81st Division on April 10. The two reviews were very much alike and the weather condi tions about the same . But the impossible hap m n pened that day . The e came back singing

and rejoicing . A review had never before pro ’ d u ced such an effect on the men . But it wasn t the review . It was something General Persh [ 92 ] A F T E R T H E A R M I S T I C E ing said in his speech about an early return ” home that put the men in such good spirits . This was the first definite information we had had regarding the time of our return to the

States . General Pershing will never know . per haps , how he gladdened the hearts of the Wild cats that day . General Pershing is not an orator , but he S peaks with such an intelligent , sympathetic interest in the men and evinces such a high idealism and b igness of heart t hat his hearers are irresistibly drawn to him . Stal wart and knightly in appearance , soldierly in bearing and kindly in countenance , the Com mander in Chief of the American Expeditionary

Forces is a masterful leader of men .

Extracts from General Pershing’ s speech

- - i before the 81s t Division at Chatillon Sur Se n e, i A 10 France , on occas on of the review , pril , 19 19 It has seldom been my privile ge to review an entire division as carefully as I have this one one that is booked for an early departure home . I felt that I could not allow the d ivision to go home without telling you of my thoughts regard ing your deeds over here . How I must thank you for your deeds over here ! How I must thank you for your spirit , your morale , and your ability to stand the hardships that make up the soldier ’ s life during a campaign in mod rn e warfare . Some divisions that comprise the [ 93 ] T H E 3 2 l S T I N F A N T R Y

A . E . F . saw more actual fighting than others .

That is because the opportunity was theirs , and not because any one division possessed more

fighting ability . The modern army is a vast machine . Every unit must play its part . The cog is worthless if one tooth is broken . The t bolt is worthless without the nu . Each of you has played his part and played it well . From the highest rank to the lowest , you have done your appointed tasks in making war on a foe that would trample humanity under his iron heel . “ It is the opinion of the Allied Higher Com mand that it was the American army that

‘ n e tur ed the tide of battle toward the Allied cau s .

There is no question regarding this . In the operation at St . Mihiel , the largest army ever assembled took part . The dogged aggressive ness at Argonne Forest cleared that thorn in

- the side of the Allied army . Chateau Thierry demonstrated to the enemy that their cause was lost , and the American army was the factor that caused this feeling . When you go home you will have j ust cause for pride in your deeds over here . They will welcome you , for they have followed you through all the trying days . “ Finally , I want to thank you for your clean

l n . i es s , your morals while in France I am proud , very proud , to be in command of the world ’ s finest army—the American Expedition ” ary Force . [ 94 ]

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

o a t o t o Did y u ever e t wi h y ur pla e in y ur lap , t o on h e o o Wi h y ur cup t gr und at y ur side , oo of While c ties and bugs species untold , ? Danced fox - trots over your hide Did you ever S leep in a tent s o small That your head and your feet played t ag ? ’ ol o Then shake , d man , y u re a pal of ours , ’ F or o o o h e Ol y u ve f ll wed t same d flag .

ou t Did y ever s and in a front line trench , t F t Wi h ri zie a few feet away,

t er r ie - Wi h J S and Minnies a whistling around , And gas coming over all day ? ’ With N o Man s Land a sea of steel And a tempest of bursting S hell ? o l Then , c me in , o d man , and toast your shins , ’ F or we re all just back from hell . M “ J . K . . , in Stars and Stripes .

— S H O O T I N G C O M P E T I T I O N R E C O R D S

A . E . F . SHOOT AT L E MANS . The experience we had had shooting at live targets in battle greatly increased our interest A in marksmanship . S a result our interest in target practice on the rifle ranges after the war w as keener than ever before . Each man was anxious to establish a new record for himself . The interest aroused in Shooting soon led to shooting contests between companies , regiments and brigades . Later , out of these contests grew the big A . E . F . Shoot at Le Mans , in which thousands participated and many new records were made . [ 9 6 ] A F T E R T H E A R M I S T I C E

The 32l st showed up well in all these marks

- manship tests . In both of the intra brigade

321st ( 81st D ivision ) shooting contests , the won over the 322d . In the big A . E . F . shooting

- 4 competition at Le Mans , May 5 2 , the 321st had twenty entries in the rifle competition ( one automatic rifle ) , and six entries in the pistol competition . This was the largest number of entries by any one regiment in the 81st Divi sion . The 321st made the second highest stand ing in the 81s t D ivision , being beaten only by her old rival , the 322d . Our standing with all regiments participating was 28th out of 82, with a general average of 478. We would have ranked about 18th , if two men had not been substituted at the last moment who had never

fired a Springfield rifle . Their scores were 404 and 415 .

Four men from the 321st won medals

t. o T o o Serg J hn . C vingt n , Company A .

o . C rp A . W . Bates , Company L . o C rp . W . P . Chapman , Company K . o C rp . F . L . Perry, Company F .

Entries from the 321st Infantry in the

Competition , Le Mans , France , were

t t o o o Firs Lieu . Wisd m W . Rud lph , C mp any D . t o Cap . J hn Emerson , C ompany I .

c on i v t . o . Se d L eu J hn F . Blackmon . Comp an B

t . o o to o Serg J hn T . C ving n , C mpany A . [ 97 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

B rr o . Private J . L . De e y, C mpany B

McWh orton o . C orp . S . W . , C mpany C o o Sergt . W . L . B denhamer, C mpany D . o Private D . K . Chambers , C mpany E . o F o F C rp . . L . Perry, C mpany . H t o C orp . W . C . urs , C mpany G . to o C orp . P . E . Mel n , C mpany H . Mu h o Mec . A . W . t s , C mpany I . o Private W . P . Chapman , C mpany K . o t o C rp . A . W . Ba es , C mpany L . o Sergt . E d Jenkins , C mpany M . H H o Sergt . Billie . Hall , eadquarters C mpany . F Private irst Class Dennis T . McLawh orn , Machine o Gu n. C mpany . t Priva e D . Bare , Supply Company .

Private E d ward V . N olan , Company L .

PISTOL .

t t o Firs Lieu . Reyn lds T . Allen , Company D . t t o o Firs Lieu . Ge rge E . D yle , Third Battalion .

Clerk Perry E . Andrews , Company D . t t o o t . Firs Serg . R ber G Edney, C mpany I .

t. o Serg Raym nd M orse , Headquarters Company .

t . o Serg M . L . Yeager, C mpany H .

AUTOMATIC RIFLE .

o o o . Corp . Ge rge E . S rensen , C mpany L

The 81st Division won fifth place in A . E . F . , winning over all other National Army D ivi sions , and over two regular army divisions . It is also worthy of note that the 81st Division was represented in the tactical maneuvers at Le

Mans by a platoon from the 321st Infantry .

[ 9 8 ]

T H E EM I S T I N F A N T R Y

LAST DAYS IN FRANCE— E M BARKATION

ORDERS .

Those were happy days the last of April , when we got orders to prepare for embarkation . The

1s t 8 Division went into the S . O . S . May 2, and we knew that meant an early departure . Soon after this date we got orders to be ready to move to the Le Mans area May 12 . It was not until we began getting ready to leave those little villages in which we had spent the winter and S pring that we realized how many things there were in our camp life that we really could enj oy . We had kept adding comforts and conveniences to our billets until they were fairly comfortable . We spent many happy hours around the big open fireplaces in those old billets . When we were not cooking eggs , French fried potatoes and toasting bread , we would be telling j okes and stories , or singing . But the two subj ects that usually monopolized the conversation for at least part of each eve “ ” ning were , Our experiences on the Front . and “ When are we going home ? ” Either of these subj ects was sure to get the attention of the “ whole crowd . The war songs , such as , Over ” “ ” “ ! There , Keep the Home Fires Burning , Hail ’ ” “ Hail ! The Gang s All Here , Pack Up Your ” “ ’ ” “ Troubles , There s a Long, Long Trail , Good ” bye , Broadway , were sung a great deal , but no

more than the hymns . Almost every night the [ 100 ] A F T E R T H E A R M I S T I C E boys in some billet were trying to raise the roof “ ” with When the R011 IS Called Up Yonder . This was sung the most frequently and was the most 321 t popular of all the songs ever sung in the s .

Toward the last the entertainment , social and “ ” religious programs in the Y huts , under the auspices of the “ Comrades in Service Move ” ment , attracted an increasingly large number . “ ” These huts , with their canteens , libraries , reading and writing rooms and games , and their entertainments , debates , mock trials , and shows , were the social centers of each camp . But these were some of the things we didn ’ t learn to appreciate until we were breaking camp . The French had heard of our embarkation “ orders and would ask us every day , Partee ’ L Ameriqu e They were almost as much stirred up over our leaving as we were . They knew it was best for us to clear out and give them a chance to look after their own affairs ; yet , they showed quite a bit of sentiment in their attitude toward our departure . Many of m them really hated to see us leave . So e of

- them , when we told them good bye , wept as if they were bidding farewell to their own sons .

IN T H E L E MANS AREA .

The 321st cleared the Chatillon - Sur - Seine dis trict 14- 16 May , going by train (American box [ 101 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

cars ) to the Le Mans area . We went Via i m n Bourges , St . A g a , Tours , Le Mans , to La

Guerche , where regimental headquarters were established . Headquarters Company , Supply

Company, Machine Gun Company , and the Sani tary Detachment were located at La Guerche ; the First Battalion at Souligne , the Second Bat talion at La Bazoge , and the Third Battalion at

’ Jon] L Abb e and Neuville . Here we stayed 4 until June , getting new equipment , fixing Up records , making out passenger lists , and having

field inspections and reviews . The last of our many regimental reviews came on May 31 . We passed in review with full packs , and , as usual , had to double time . There were rain and a talk from the colonel to complete the program . ’ This was Colonel Halstead s farewell talk . He spoke feelingly of his pride and interest in the regiment, an d appealed to the men to go back home as strong and clean as they left .

4 i r On June we were ordered to St . N aza r e, our port of embarkation . Another box car “ j oy ride awaited US . But we knew this was our last ride in box cars , and for that reason it was a j oy ride even though we were packed in

fi t - f y two to the car . It is a good thing that ’ S inging doesn t require any extra space , for it ’ was the American soldiers S pirit of song and sense of good humor that saved the day on many occasions in France . [ 102 ]

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

CHA PTER V.

H W A N OME RD B OU D .

A T H E U. S . S . BOARD MANCHURIA .

n - Finally , that eventful a d long looked for day

arrived . On the morning of June 9 , we heard that the U . S . S . Manchuria was in the docks waiting for us to load on . We marched out of camp and down to the docks at a . m . , and were soon walking up the gangplank of the

Manchuria . As our boat pulled out from the d ocks , a large crowd of the French and some

American soldiers belonging to other outfits , bade us farewell and shouted bon voyage A French band played the Marseillaise ” and “ - The Star Spangled Banner . We had never dreamed there would be any sadness of farewell for us when we left France , and we certainly did not add any salt tears to the briny deep ; yet , the memory of our days in France , fraught n as they were with SO ma y thrilling experiences , aroused a sentiment that was not void of emo tion . Distance will lend enchantment to many a View in La Belle France , and time will help to soften the hardness of heart that we sometimes had for French mud , town criers , and wood [ 104 ] — HOME WARD BOUND The 32 l s t Inf t N a zairre F ra emb a rking , S . , nc

9 1 9 1 9 . J u ne ,

— - MID OCEAN LIFE A BOARD T HE MANCHURIA .

T H E 3 2 l s T I N F A N T R Y

But our thoughts were too much occupied with the shores on this S ide to think long about

those we were leaving . Could it be true that we were actually going home ! After S ix long months of weary waiting we were realizing a “ great longing of our souls . When are we going ? ” home ceased to be the all - absorbing topic of

conversation . We had heard for the last time some homesick Sammie Shout out above the “ ” noise of the crowd , I wanta go home . There was very little criticism of the extremely dis

agreeable life aboard Ship . One fellow would “ ’ ? ” say, This is hell , isn t it Another would “ ’ reply , Yes , it s hell , but we can stand anything ” when we are going home .

Soldiers may be the best of buddies , yet they

do not like to be crowded into a boat like cattle . But sleeping on three deck bunks within arm ’ s

length of twenty - three others was not the worst

thing about life on board . Those who escaped seasickness going over seemed destined to have

their share of it coming back . The sea was a little choppy when we pulled

out of the harbor , and it was not long before we

were paying our respects to Neptune . After the first day we had smooth sailing , things were

going easy with us , and by the end of the first week we were beginning to feel like ourselves

again . But the eighth day out we encountered

a storm , which raged for ten hours , and the god

of the sea again had many worshippers . A [ 106 ]

T H E 3 2 l s T I N F A N T R Y

was in S ight . We could hardly have been hap if pier we had seen our own homes . We felt,

as did Sir Walter Scott, and could say with him :

t t t o Brea hes here a man wi h s ul s o dead , Wh o o t never t himself ha h said , n ? This is my ow , my native land ’ o t t Wh se hear ha h ne er within him bu rned , As home his footsteps he hath turned From wandering on a foreign strand ?

Passing between Capes Charles and Henry , an we steamed through Chesapeake Bay , d into

Hampton Roads . We were met at Newport News by delegations from North and South

Carolina , and a committee representing the

citizens of Newport News .

— I I BACK HOM E AGAIN D E M OB L z A T ION .

After spending four days in Camp Stuart , being deloused , inspected and fitted out with new clothes , we were sent to camps nearest our t homes to be discharged . We realized tha we would never be together again as a regiment , and rej oiced that inspections and parades were ic finis . When we reached the camps in wh h we

were to be mustered out , only a few hours lay between us and that much desired piece of paper “ bearing the words : Honorable Discharge from ” the United States Army . It was only a matter [ 108 ] FIRST GLIMPSE OF THE HOMELAND .

HOME I — N ort N Va 20 1 9 1 9 . A GA N Disembarking , ewp ews , June ,

T H E 3 2 l s T I N F A N T R Y

SO LONG, BUD .

’ o th e t o to o - Well , I s p se ime has c me say g od bye , Bud ; ’ ’ ’ ’ o o We re g in h me , ou r work is o er , we ve w on . ’ ’ ’ ’ t ee o r An fore we par , y s , I m g nna t y, Bud , ’ ’ ’ T t o f r t o o hank y u j es o wha y u ve been an done .

’ o t - Y u ve wa ched me when I lay in bed a sick , Bud ; ’ o on th e Y u ve slammed me back when I was blue, ’ ’ ol e o h An that S lap jes seemed t d o t e trick , Bud ; ’ it o It c heered me up j es cause came fr m you .

’ o o o Y u ve split y ur coin with me when I was br ke , Bud , ’ ’ An never a s t me where it went, or why .

’ ’ o o You ve took my surly m ods as jes a j ke , Bud ,

’ ’ ’ e An things I ve said when sore you ve l t pass by .

’ h You ve stood beside me when t e Shells broke near , Bud , ’ ’ o t t . An grinned , an given me c urage with ha grin ’ ’ ’ o t m o Y u ve called a s eady, cheeri w rd , an fear , Bud , ’ ’ ’ Jes left me an I drove that b ay net in .

h e t S t Through all t weary days and nigh s we pen , Bud , ’ ’ ’ A - sl os h in through th e mud an rain an sleet ; t o o ou t I kn ow that each brigh w rd fr m y was mean , Bud , ’ ’ ri To keep me up an on my stagge n feet.

’ ’ ’ ’ n ow o — w aitin e Well , I m g in back she s y t, Bud , ’ od — G bless her gee , I ve missed her over there , ’ ’ ’ o s o o o o o o S here s l ng t y u , an d n t f rget, Bud , ’ ow e t to ou t t t I a deb y ha I can square .

OLORADO t t . C , in S ars and S ripes

With such a spirit of service and sense of

brotherhood , it Should n ot be difficult for the men of the 321st to fulfil the request of their [ 1 10 ] H O M E W A R D B O U N D

Commander in Chief, who asked them as they were leaving France , to carry into civilian life their high ideals and to continue to live as they had served—an honor to the principles for which they fought and to the fallen comrades they left behind .

[ 1 11 ] T H E 3 2 l S T I N F A N T R Y

P E I CHA T R V .

IMPO RTANT DATA

MEDAL S AND CITATIONS W ON B Y M E N OF T H E 321 ST INFANTRY F OR BRAVERY AN D

DISTINGUISHED SERVICE IN ACTION .

MEDAL S .

DISTINGUISHED SERVICE CROSS .

Second Lieut . Francis S . Sutherland .

Lieutenant Sutherland was awarded the first

D . S . C . in the 81st D ivision , on October 9 , “ ” 19 18. He was then a corporal in Company I , 2 3 1st Infantry .

C ROIx E G D UERRE .

(Awarded by the French Government . )

Col . Frank Halstead .

Maj or Montgomery B . Angel] .

Maj or Warren S . Keith .

Capt . Jno . Emerson .

‘ Capt . Wm . Jaeckle .

Sergt . Chas . W . Blount .

Sergt . Chas . D . Davis . [ 1 12 ]

T H E 3 2 l S T I N F A N T R Y

Sergt . Ollie F . Clark .

Sergt . Chas . D . Davis .

Sergt . Dred T . Moore .

Sergt . Chas . W . Blount .

Sergt . Henry E . Beck .

Corp . Millard F . Booe .

Private First Class Forrest Sterling .

Private First Class Harold D . Smith .

Private First Class Victor S . Welker . iv Pr ate Nathan Permu tt.

Private J u o. R . Trumbauer .

[ 1 14 ] I MP O R T A N T D A T A

Th ose of O u r C omrad es W h o Paid th e L ast F u ll M easu re of De votion to th eir C ou n to D emoc c and to Hu m ni : try, ra y, a ty

a H ead qu ar ters C omp ny.

Nea], Duval , Sergeant , died of wounds .

M ach ine Gu n C ompany.

Harris , Edward C . , Second Lieutenant , d ied of wounds .

Slaughter, Lem W Private .

Company A .

Milford , Harry , Private First Class . P Dunham , Thos . . , Private .

Leonard , Jessie J Private .

Company B .

Edwards , James T Private . H Fant , Sam . , Privat e .

Kelly , John D. , Private .

Pittman , Clyde A . , Private .

Company D .

Dooley, Douglass S . , Corporal , died of wounds .

Reese , Bob , Private First Class . E Lynch , John . , Private .

Rice , Willie , Private , died of wounds .

Company E .

Harris , Andrew J Captain , died of wounds .

Perry , John W . , Private .

Thomas , James B . , Private .

Johnson , Atlas C . , Private , died of wounds . [ 1 15 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

o C mpany F .

Henning, Walter H . , Private .

Marston , William D Private .

Company G.

Wiggins , Grover C Private .

o C mpany H .

Bailey, William C . , First Lieutenant .

Walker , Richard H . , Corporal .

Cumberland , James R . , Private , accidental . B Edwards , Willie . , Private .

Hill , Walter B . , Private . B Hooks , Grady . , Private .

Koonce , Curtis H . , Private .

Mitchell , Frank B . , Private .

o C mpany I.

Fawkner , Alfred H . , Second Lieutenant .

Bates , Everett R . , Corporal .

F rollick , Harry , Corporal .

Singletary , Harry , Corporal .

. W . . Hamilton , Wm , Private First Class

Smith , Ernest R . , Private First Class . r B iffo t, Henry, Private . A Bunn , Paul . , Private .

Marsh , Dave , Private .

Prusak, Wladyslaw , Private . E Robbins , Robert . , Private . r Taylor , Vi n I. , Private . Z tane a y, Michael A Private , died of wounds . [ 116 ]

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

' ’ OVERSEAS REGIM ENTAL P . C . S 32l ST

INFANTRY .

19 18.

- — August 11 12 Camp Knotty Ash ( near Liverpool ,

England ) . — August 12- 17 Camp Winall D owns ( near Winches er t , England) .

t 1 - 18— o t to Augus 7 S u hamp n , England .

1 - 2 — August 9 0 Le Harve , F ranc e .

t 22- t 14—F o Augus Sep ember l gny .

t 14- 15— Sep ember Ervy . 1 — September 7 Bruyeres . t 18— Sep ember Ban de Sap . t 19— o t . Di Sep ember Belm n ( near St e ) .

t 1 - 2 — Sep ember 9 0 M oyenmoutier . t 1 — Sep ember 2 Mere Henry.

t 22- to 10— Sep ember Oc ber Denipaire .

to 1 1 - c St . Die O ber . to 12— Oc ber Belmont .

to 13- 31— Oc ber Domer ve. o 1— o N vember P incaré.

1 - 2— N ovember Villers .

2- 3— é November Pav ( Verdun) .

3- 4—Ha d en il November u v le .

4 - — November 6 Cabaret .

o 6 - — o N vember 7 N rmandie .

o - 9—F o N vember 7 t . M ulainville . — N ovember 9 - 1 1 M oulainville de - Basse ( during battl e of N ovember o 12— o d N vember N rman ie . o 13— N vember Hau d envill e .

o 13- 18— o N vember B is Sec ( near Belrupt) .

o 18- 22— N vember N eu b ecou rt.

o 22- 2 — N vember 3 Laimont .

o 23- 24— o N vember R bert Espagne . ov 2 — 5 St. N ember Dizier .

No 26 - 2 — vember 7 Perthes . [ 118 ] I M P O R T A N T D A T A — - o November 27 28 Ceff nds . — - o N ovember 28 29 S ulaines . — - N ovember 29 30 Arsonval . — - November 30 December 1 Bligny . — nfin December l Cu .

— - - D ecember 2 Brion Sur Ource .

— - - 1 1 t o Su r December 3 May 15 , 9 9 Ampilly ( Cha ill n

Seine ) .

1919 . — - May 16 June 4 La Guerche ( Le Mans area) . — - z ir r e o t of t o . June 5 9 St . N a a ( P r Embarka i n) — “ ” - 20 o . June 9 Ab ard U . S . S . Manchuria

- — 2 24 . June 0 Camp Stuart, Newport News , Va — - June 24 28 Camp Lee , Petersburg , Va . — June 28 Mustering ou t of regiment completed .

F — ROUTE O TRAVEL I ST BATTALION .

19 18.

14— o t at . . f r July En rained Camp Sevier , S C , Camp to Up n , N . Y .

16 - 30— o o July Camp Upt n , L ng Island , N . Y . ( arrived m a . . , July

July 30 - Left Camp Upton in early morning by train f or o o H b ken , N . J where we went ab oard th e Walmer

ol d o t. Castle , an English passenger b a — oo August 1 1 Arrived Liverp l , England . — l o August 12 Camp Wina l D wns , Winc hester , Eng land . — o August 16 Arrived S outhampton . Cr ssed English h Channel on t e M ono Q ueen . — - August 18 19 Arrived Le Havre , France . — August 20- 21 Le Havre to Percey on cattle cars via

Ervy. — - August 21 September 14 Percey, first training area o near T nnerre . [ 119 ] T H E 3 2 l S T I N F A N T R Y

4— September 1 Arrived Ervy, pitched tents , spent night. September 15—Arrived Bruyeres—spent night bar racks .

- — September 16 18 Rouge E yeu x.

t 1 — o Sep ember 8 La V ivre . — September 19 Hurbache and Gr imaboi s ( supp ort first line)

t 19 - o 1 — o Sep ember Oct ber 5 Fr nt line trenches , Ban

o de Sap sect r .

1 - 1 — October 6 9 Defosse .

to 19— B rou velier e Oc ber s .

to 20- 30— o t n Oc ber D mpierre ( rai ing camp ) .

to 31— - - Oc ber Entrained Chatel Sur Moselle , c attle cars . — N ovember 1 - 7 Chatel - Sur - M oselle to Verdun via

Sampigny, St . Mihiel .

o 7 - 9— N vember Verdun ( Pavé barracks) . — N ovember 9 - 10 Woods west of Chatillon ( divisional reserve ) . — N ovember 11 Battle of M oranville , a . m.

a . In . — November 12 B attl efield (bivouacked night of 11th )

- 4— o N ovember 13 1 M ulainville .

- — H N ovember 15 18 oudainville . — - November 18 22 St. Andre .

— h ou r November 22 T ayec t .

- 4— o t N ovember 23 2 R ber Espagne . — i November 25 Amb er r er s . — N ovember 26 La Grimm . — mmill November 27 Tr i y .

— o N ovember 28 Ars nval . — i November 29 Ch ampa gn al . — nfin N ovember 30 Cu .

— - - - December 1 2 Brion Sur Ource . [ 120 ]

T H E 3 2 l S T I N F A N T R Y

- — t 14 16 t o. 2 o Augus English Res Camp N , Cherb urg . — August 16 - 17 Cherbourg to T onnerre on cattle cars via Caen , Dr eu , Versailles . — — August 17 Flogn y pitched pup tents and spent night . — August 18- September 14 Villers Veneux and C ar is sy (first training area near Tonnerre)

— o September 14 Hiked t Ervy, pitched tents , spent night. — September 15 - 16 Ervy to Bruyeres on cattle cars via o o t Tr yes , Chaum n , Epinal . — September 16 - 18 Billeted with French in vall ey near

Bruyeres . t 18— Sep ember Hike followed by truck ride into St . Di é.

t 19— t Di Di o Sep ember S . é. Left St. é and t ok over o t o o p si i n in Ban de Sap sector , V sges Mountains . — — September 19 - October 16 Front line trenches Ban o F o de Sap sector . C mpanies E and preceded C mpanies H G and H into front line , G and remaining in reserve o until Oct ber 7 . — October 16 Relieved in front line by French night Di H to St . e t of October 16 . iked , arriving here a . m .

- 1 — t Di October 17 8 S . e . — October 19 B rou velier e s . — October 20- 31 Vill aincou rt ( training area near B rou veliere s )

1— to t - - o N ovember Hiked Cha el Sur M selle . Here we t for om en rained ( cattle cars) Sampigny, via Nancy, C mercy . o 2— N vember Arrived Sampigny, detrained and hiked o Domcevrin oo t w ds , near St . Mihiel , where we pitched tents , a . 111 . o 3— N vember Hiked to Adrian barracks , on Meuse . — November 4 - 6 Hiked to Verdun and spent two days in Pavé barracks . [ 122 ] I M P O R T A N T D A T A

- — o F t . November 6 9 Hiked t Vaux , where we were held in reserve until N ovember 9 . — November 9 Hiked to forest west of Chatillon , where we spent night ( divisional reserve ) . — N ovember IO M oved ou t of forest and took up p osi tion in Chatillon .

— o N ovember 11 M oved ou t of Chatill n a . m . 2 n o Relieved 32 d , and began advance o enemy fr m o on t t M oranville , a . m . Biv uacked bat lefield nigh

of 1 1th . — November 12 Bivouacked at M oulainville .

- — N ovember 13 18 Hiked to Camp B riant. Spent five days here in French barracks .

- 22— t N ovember 18 Hiked to Fleury . Spent hree days in French barracks . o 22— o t N vember Auzec ur .

3- 24— o - - o 2 t . N vember R bert Espagne . Spen week end o 2 —H ir i r 5 o cou t . N vember , near St Dizier .

o 26 - 2 — o - em- N vember 7 M ntier der , near Soulaines . 2 — November 8 Vernon Villers .

o 29 - 3 — vin N vember 0 Co gu m . — 1 o - - December Bell u Sur Seine .

— - 2 - December Belan Sur Ource .

1 18- 16 19 19— t t - December 3, 9 May , Pui s ( af er war

o - - training area , near Chatill n Sur Seine) .

1919 .

— - May 16 Hiked to Poincon (rail head) ; entrained here f or Le Mans area . — b ox May 17 O u train ( cars ) . — ’ May 18 Arrived La Guerche after tw o days ride o o in box cars via B urges , Envers , T urs , Le Mans ; hiked to La Bazoge .

18- 4— o May June La Baz ge ( Le Mans area ) . 4— o June Left La Baz ge in trucks for Beaum ont, t ox where we en rained (American b cars ) for St . az airr e o t of o N , P r Embarkati n . — - 5 9 St . az airre June N .

123 T H E S 2 I S T I N F A N T R Y

- — 9 20 o . . June Ab ard U S . S Manchuria (homeward o b und ) .

2 - 24— t o 0 t t . H June Camp S uar , Newp r News , Va ere t th ba tali on was broken up , e men being sent in detach t t men s o camp nearest their home .

— RO UTE O F T RAVEL 3D B A T A L L IO N

1918.

l 4 — t at o July . En rained Camp Sevier , S . C . , f r Camp to Up n , N . Y . 1 — 6 at to Y . o July Arrived Camp Up n , N . , n Long m w at . t o Island , a . ; remained here weeks . — July 31 Left Camp Upton early in th e m orning by t v d a o rain and arri e t Philadelphia , Pa . , P rt of Embar t o o t ka i n , ab u a . m . S et sail from Philadelphia at on p . m . S . S . City of Glasgow , an ol d British passenger boat used on an East India line before th e war

t 16— oo Augus Arrived at Liverp l , England , about oo o t . t on . n n C n inued rip S S . City of Glasgow up a t M nches er Canal , after laying over for th e night at th e o t m u h of canal . — August 17 Arrived at Manchester , England , about t c t o to t n oon , and af er mar hing hr ugh wn , en rained , o t arriving at Ramsey , England , ab ut midnigh , and d l marched to Camp W oo s ey, a British rest camp . August 19— Marched from Camp W ood s ley to S outh

'

o t t to o . o ampton , England , ab u eigh miles d cks B arded o o t t o th e S . S . L nd nderry ha evening and cr ssed English

Channel . August 20—Landed in France at Le Havre about “ ” o t o 1 t o a . m . Marched t Res Camp N . , Sec i n A , another British camp .

[ 124 ]

T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y — October 16 Left Raids de Robache in morning and o t k o t to th e marched ab u five il me ers , Rocks barracks ,

near St . Die , France .

to 19— o Oc ber Left R cks barracks at a . m . 24 Marc hed kilometers to Belmont .

to 2 — o Oc ber 0 Marched from Belm nt to Pallegney, o t 28 ab u kilometers , where company was billeted and o 1 remained ab ut 0 days .

to 31— o Oc ber Marched fr m Pallegney to Chatel , a

- t m . o 1 . rail head , where we en rained at 6 : 00 a . , N vember

o 1— N vember Entrained at Chatel . Arrived at Sam pigny at p . m . Marched from there , through St . o o D m vrin o Mihiel , t B is de o ce , where we biv uacked at

m. o . 1 a , N vember 2 ; 8 kilometers . — November 2 Struck bivouac in morning and o oo m 1 o t s to marched fr m w ds at p . . , 9 kil me er , t o h Pe it M nt airon . o — h ir on N vember 3 March ed from Petit Mont a , t o o ir hr ugh vicinity f Verdun , to dugouts at Camp de T , 16 o kil meters .

—! an d November 6 Left Champ de Tir at p . m . h or marched 7 kilometers toward t e front to P . C . N o tt o mandie taking p ositi n as ba ali n reserve . , — o t . . for N ovember 9 Left P . C . N rmandie a a m

t . forest west of Chatillon . Arrived a p . m and took up p osition with rest of regiment as divisional

reserve . — November 10 L eft forest in morning and moved up h e o A . t to edge of M ranville . t p . m we relieved 322d in front line during heavy artiller y b ombardment h e t o t by t enemy . Heavy ar illery b mbardmen during h e t o o t af ern on while in M ranville . — . to November 1 1 Received orders about a . m advanc e on enemy from Moranville and drive in an

t t o t o t of o . eas erly direc i n , with E ain as bjec ive divisi n Advanced ab out tw o kilometers in spite of stubborn t t o resis ance , and were halted at a . m . by ces sa i n [ 126 ] I M P O R T A N T D A T A

of o t t t too f t t h s ili ies , when Armis ice k ef ec a that h our . t 9 22 o Our casual ies were killed and w unded . We held ou r t th e t on th e lines and spen nigh battlefield . — November 12 Left battlefield at night and marched to o o M ulainville , nly a few kilometers , where we bivou fo h acked r t e night .

N o 13— t o vember Lef M ulainville at a . m . and to 9 o marched Haudainville , kil meters .

o 15— t t d N vember Lef Haudainville a a . m . an to o marched Camp de B is Sec , three kilometers .

o 18— t o N vember Lef Camp de B is Sec at a . m . H beco rt at 5 u u m . 1 o Arrived p . , 7 kil meters .

o 22— t Hu b ecou rt d N vember Lef at a . m . an

marched to Laimont, 21 kilometers .

o 23— t o N vember Lef Laim nt at a . m . and

to o t- 12 o marched R ber E spagne , kil meters . — November 25 Left Robert- E spagne and marched to 24 Perthes , kilometers .

o 26— t t at 15 N vember Lef Per hes 7 : a . m . and marched o t Planrupt, 20 kilometers .

o 2 — N vember 7 Left Planrupt at a . m . and o 1 marched to S ulaines , 5 kilometers .

o 28 - t o N vember Lef S ulaines at a . m . and to 1 marched E clance , 8 kilometers .

o 29— t N vember Lef Eclance at a . m . and to 1 marched Bligny , 8 kilometers . 1— t 1 December Lef Bligny at 7 : 5 a . m . and marched t n fin 1 o o C u , 7 kil meters .

' 2— nfi December Left Cu n at a . m . and marched to o 1 Bri n , 7 kilometers . — December 3 Left Brion at and marched to ’ o - l - C ulmier e Sec , in th e Department of Cote d or ab out 20 o kil meters . This pl a ce is about 13 kilometers from th e town of Chatill on - Sur - Seine ( after - war training

. d 1 1 area ) Remaine here until May 6 , 19 9 .

[ 127 ] T H E 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

19 19 .

15— H o o o - t May iked t P inc n (rail head) . En rained for Le Mans area . 16— u ox May O train (b cars) . — ’ May 17 Arrived La Guerche after tw o days ride in box o o H cars via B urges , Envers , T urs , Le Mans . iked ’ to Jon] l Abbe ( Companies I and K ) and Neuville o ( C mpanies L and M ) . ’ 18- 4— A May June Joul l bb e and Neuville . — ’ June 4 Left J ou l l Abb e and Neuville in trucks for t ox Beaumont , where we en rained (American b cars )

r t N azair re o t of t o . fo S . , P r Embarka i n — - azier re June 5 9 St. N .

- 2 — o o June 9 0 Ab ard U . S . S . Manchuria ( h meward bound) .

- 4— o June 20 2 Camp Stuart , Newp rt News , Va . Here o h e t battalion was br ken up , t men being sent in de ach o ments to camp nearest their h mes .

[ 128 ]

T H E 81 S T D IVI S I O N

A C OM BAT DIVISION OF T H E NATIONAL

A RM Y .

I S ST D IVISION STAF F .

o Maj . Gen . Charles J . Bailey, C mmanding .

ol . o t C C . D . R ber s , Chief of Staff .

t ol . Lieu . C Alva Lee , Assistant Chief of Staff, G 3,

Administrati on . l t. C o . o 1 Lieu . G W . Madd x , G , Transp ortation .

o Maj r Lamar Hill , Division Adjutant .

o o o to Maj r D . H . C wles , Divisi n Inspec r . ol t C . . . 2 t Lieu . P S Van Cise , G , In elligence . ‘ cer s om o 1 Ofii C mand ing M aj r Un i ts 8 s t Divis ion. I Brig . Gen . Geo. W . Mc ver , Commanding 1 6 1 st

Infantry Brigade .

Brig . Gen . Will J . McF arl an d , C ommanding 162d t Infan ry Brigade .

o o 156th t Brig . Gen . Andrew M ses , C mmanding Ar il lery Brigade .

o t oo . Capt . C . L . Rich , C mmanding Headquar ers Tr p

d o 306th Col . E win A . Bell , C mmanding Train Head quarters . o 3o6th Capt. Benjamin C . J ones , C mmanding Supply

Train .

Ko etk o 306th Lieut . C ol . Samuel J . p y, C mmanding

Sanitary Train .

ol K o d 306th Lieut . C . Allen imberley, C mman ing

Ammunition Train . [ 131 ] T H E 8 1 8 T D I V I S I O N

o o 306th Maj or Samuel R . T dd , C mmanding Signal

Battalion . L u er o 3 th ol T t . . u 06 C . ha cher T P q , C mmanding Engi

neer s .

l n zi h n 3l th Lieut . Co . Wm . B . Re e au s e , Commanding 6 t Machine Gun Ba talion . l 1 o . H t o 32 s t t . C Frank als ead , C mmanding Infan ry l o 322d Co . L raine T . Ric hardson , Commanding

Infantry . ol 23 t C . T . A . Pearce , C ommanding 3 d Infan ry . ol o 2 e . o 3 4 h t . C . G W . M ses , Commanding t Infan ry

| 132 |

T H E 8 1 S T D I V I S I O N — Green Wildcat 306th Sanitary Train . — Buff Wildcat 306th Supply Train . l 56th On May 16 , 19 18, the division (less Field Artillery Brigade ) moved from Camp

Jackson to Camp Sevier , S . C . The division (less the artillery brigade ) began moving from Camp Sevier , S . C . , on July

13 for Port of Embarkation at Hoboken , N . J . 2 This continued until July 2 . The first units sailed July 31 and arrived at Liverpool , Eng

11 19 18. land , en route to France , August ,

The division arrived in France on August 16 ,

19 18, and proceeded to the training area at 1 Tonnerre ( Yonne ) , except the 5 6th Artillery

Brigade and the 306th Ammunition Train , which were sent to Camp Valdahon ( Doubs )

’ ' r nin h After a month s t ai g , t e division , less the artillery brigade and the ammunition train , i proceeded to the St . D e sector (Vosges ) arriv 1 ing on September 9 , and occupied the same until the 19th Of October . It formed a part of l th the 33d Corps ( French) , and later, the o

Corps ( French ) .

During this month of service in the sector , the division was engaged in and repulsed raids .

One of the latter , preceded by a long and severe

ar tillery preparation by the Germans , was fol lowed by an attack of about one hundred shock

troops , who were repulsed With some ten killed ,

one captured and probably several wounded . Shotguns and automatic rifles were successfully [ 134 ] T H E 8 1 8 T D I V I S I O N

used by our troops , one of our men killing three

Germans with an automatic . During the occu : pancy of this sector , the casualties were Killed ,

14 . 2 officers , 19 men ; wounded , men

The division left the St . Dié sector on Sep tember 19 , and proceeded to the vicinity of Rambervillers (Vosges ) to await transportation to j oin the First Army for the Meuse—Argonne offensive . It reached the Sommedieue sector, south of Verdun , early in November ; j oined the

Second Colonial Corps ( French ) , remaining in reserve a few days , and on November 6 replaced the 35th D ivision in this sector .

On the night of November 8, orders were received to attack the German lines on the

Woevre Plain the next morning . During the night , the troops were withdrawn from the north and south ends of the sector , which w as 24 some kilometers long , concentrated , and at ’ O clock in the morning advanced to the attack . The Germans had held this position S ince early in the war ; their lines were full of pill boxes and strong centers of resistance , all of concrete , and the low and marshy plain was

‘ full of wire . Three German divisions con l t — fronted the 8 s the Fifth Prussian Guards ,

Third Bavarians and the Thirteenth Landwehr . The division advanced with but little artillery r r tion pe pa a , due to lack of heavy guns and of ’ horses for the 7 5 s , and when the Armistice [ 135 ] T H E 8 1 8 T D I V I S I O N

11 went into effect on November , had advanced some five and a half kilometers and were cross

ing the Hindenburg line near Etain . The 6oth Artillery Brigade of the 35th Divi S ion had remained in place and gave the division

all possible support in the operation . The casualties of the division in the three ’ days fighting were : Killed , 11 officers , 167 men ; 4 wounded , 3 officers , 7 57 men ; captured , 1 offi

cer , 5 6 men ; missing , 6 men .

On November 18, the division left the Somme dieue sector for the training area around Cha ’ - - r tillon Sur Seine ( Cote d O ) , reaching there

December 3, and remained there , with head

at - - quarters Mussy Sur Seine . The artillery

brigade then j oined the division , which formed

a part of the Eighth Corps . The First Army and the Eighth Corps were discontinued on

April 20, 19 19 , and the division then j oined the

Ninth Corps . On May 2 the division passed to “ the S . O . S . Beginning May 9 the division r was moved to the Le Mans area , with h ead qu a ters at Ballon . During the first two weeks of !

June the division moved to Brest and St .

N azairre, from which ports the various units of the division sailed soon after arriving in

these ports . Upon arrival in the States the men were sent to camps nearest their homes to be discharged .

[ 136 ]

T H E S I S T D I V I S I O N

1 3 ti on and training . Th e 8 t Division has a right to be i o of o proud of ts rec rd acc mplishment, and I feel no hesitancy in assuring you of my firm conviction that this divisi on is prepared to give an excellent account o of itself whether in field r garrison . It is with deep regret that I lose this superi or division frommy com I o mand . t w uld have afforded me great satisfacti on and confidence to have c ommanded th e 81 st Division in combat . t Very ruly yours ,

ENRY LLE ( Signed) H T . A N ,

o A . Maj r General , U . S . ,

C ommanding Eighth Army C orps .

With such a record , the division may return home proud Of its service in France as a part ” of the American Expeditionary Forces . ’ This is Gen . John J . Pershing s praise of the

Wildcats , in a letter addressed to Maj . Gen .

Charles J . Bailey . The letter follows

13 1 1 France , April , 9 9 .

Maj or General Charles J . Bailey,

Commanding 8l st Division ,

American E . F . My Dear General Bailey o It gives me great satisfacti n to extend to you , and of th e 8l t o o th e Officers and men s Divisi n , my c mpli ments up on their appearanc e at th e review and in spec

1 - - tion on April 0, at Chatillon Sur Seine . The trans portation and artillery of th e division was in good h i f h shape , and t e general bear ng o t e men was up to o o a high standard , and worthy f a divisi on which , th ugh F in rance for a comparatively short time , has made a splendid record . h o t Arriving in this country toward t e middle f Augus , your period of training in th e area near Tonnerre was [ 138 ] T H E 8 1 8 T D I V I S I O N

‘ interrupted by th e n eces s ity of sending th e d ivisi on into r h tt t o th e line , to relieve fo t e active ba le ve eran rganiza h o o h e 1 h 81 e t . t t 8t tion s . The st was in t S Die sec r fr m t of September to th e 19th of October , when it was wi h drawn and prepared for its participation in th e Meuse

Argonne offensive . It entered th e line in this Operation on th e night of h 3 h o h e t November 6 , relieving t e 5t Divisi n as t righ o h th e flank divisi n of t e First Army , and attacking on m orning of N ovembe r 9 against heavy artillery and t o o machine gu n fire . The at ack was c ntinued N vember 10 1 1 o o and , and was res lutely pushed against str ng enemy resistance , th e advance c overing five and a half o kil meters . Th e ex e bearing of th e division in this , its first p r ience o th e ff , sh wed mettle of o icers and men , and gave o f t pr mise o what it would become as a veteran . Wi h such a record , th e division may return h ome proud of its service in France as a part of th e American E xpe d ition r o a y F rces . o Sincerely y urs ,

H ERS N G. ( Signed) JO N J . P H I

[ 139 ]

T H E 8 1 8 T D I V I S I O N

nf r . 1615 t I . B i g

2 2 E . Com. 6 , n Tota l

.

n I r . 1 62 d nf . B i g N

m 26 2 E . O Co . , n Total S . I r n 1 5 6th A rt . B i g . V o I i t Com . 220, E n . D a Total r

t 0 “ s 2 os . 31 6 M . G. Bn ( C ) T u A l m 1 6 E n . 37 7 Co . B I , r T ota l 39 3 o M d n r e 306th E g s . O d t s C e m 5 1 E . Co . s , n . n Total U N . A E S , 5 O R u n 306 Sign al E . o I , E 4 F i 3 T s S d 9 m 1 5 E n . 47 3 i I R Co . , O 9 e v A Total 488 i V n I d U 0 1 N D e Q 306 Tr . rs . D D s q t n s ’ ’ O M . P. S s T o A 1 I 1 i E 8 s m 8 C rn 1 5 E 35 9 o . . T 1 s H , n i m A n 8 Total 374 i m Z s m 306 Amm. T ra n I t i i o N n C m 38 E . Co . U , n A Total G f h o t r R g 306 Su pply T . s n r O e m E 4 85 Co . 1 6 . e r , n b Tota l 5 01 F m S u n Tr O m 306 E g . um x a r 306 Sa nitar y T . M Vete rin ary

m 5 1 E D . 9 00 Co . , F i e l d Unit Tota l 95 1

[ 142 ] T H E S I S T D I V I S I O N

l st, 2nd 8: 3rd

a .

” A Co .

S ‘ ? ’

B C 0 .

“ ” C o C .

Su pply Co

M G CO

[ 143 ]

RO STER

T H E 32 1 ST INF A NTR Y

TAF FFI C ERS S F O .

L S N o No. 6 ol t t CO . HAL TEAD , FRA K , C mmanding, , Car ina Apar men s , l B o oo S ts . N o : . French r ad and Hayw d , Ashevil e , . C . Als Care Adj

t to . . Gen . , War Dep . , Washin g n , D C

Date and a e of b t : S t 11 1878 . pl c ir h ep ember , , Paris , France O at o : O ccu p i n fficer Regular Army .

E cat o : h S oo 2 U t 4 . du i n Gymnasium Hig ch l % years , niversi y years t Gradua ed . M ta E ce : 1898 tt o t t t t ili ry x perien Lyceum , Ba ali n Adju an Quar ermas er o S oo o t - t o t t t t Garris n ch l . P s gradua e c urse . Regimen Adju an , Ac ing t t o o t B tt o n Quar ermas er and C mmanding P s Exchange . a ali n Machi e t to O t S o Gun Ins ruc r , Maxim . rganized Firs , ec nd , Third Training tt o l 56th ot 301 302 303 304 305 o Ba ali ns , Dep Brigade , and , , , , Lab r ’ o i u t t o t to Officers T C mpan es , Q ar ermas er C rps ; Ins ruc r Reserve rain ing S ch ooL M t Hi to : o o 2nd t t 4th t 9 1898 ili ary s ry C mmissi ned Lieu enan Infan ry , July , . o ot l s t t t 24th t 4 1899 o ot Pr m ed Lieu enan Infan ry , May , . Pr m ed Cap t 2 d t o b 5 1904 o 22d t 3 . t ain Infan ry , N vem er , Transferred Infan ry , r 11 1 l s t t Ma 1 1917 t 5 1917 908. o 5 to Janua y , Maj r Infan ry , y , , Augus , . t t o o o ot t 5 1917 l s t 2d 3d i Lieu enan C l nel , pr m ed Augus , , , , Tra ning

tt o 156th ot B to 1 1918. As s r ned to Ba ali ns , Dep ri gade , March , g Reg t g 1 S O 59 t imcn per para raph , pecial rder , Headquar ers , Camp Jack s n M 1 191 t Ma 24 91 t 918 o 8 1 8. 13 , arch , Lef Camp y , Re urned June , 1 . o i t 1 191 o t o e 6 8. t o o l C mmanding Reg men June , App in ed emp rary C l n tr to o 17 1918 t Infan y , Regular Army , rank fr m June , , per elegram

t t of th e 27 1918. to o d Adju an General Army , July , Assi gned c mman R t g h 1 S O 185 t Sl s t eg imen , per para rap , pecial rder , Headquar ers i o 28 191 Divis n , July , 8.

COL S U O S C ol . H TTLEW RTH , EDWARD W . ( ucceeded by . Fries ) . ow ( Address unkn n ) .

COL S U S S ol T C . . FRIE , CLA DE . ( ucceeded by . hrelkeld ) ( Address o unkn wn ) . OL T IIREL KELD C . S FO S C ol t , HAN RD L . ( ucceeded by . Hals ead ) . o ( Address unkn wn ) .

LT . C O L. O S Lt C ol GRAHAM , MALC LM J . ( ucceeded by . . Tanner) . r o ( Add ess unkn wn ) .

LT C O L S Lt C ol . . TANNER , EARL W . ( ucceeded by . . Abraham ) . o ( Address unkn wn ) . LT C O L . S Lt C ol . . . ABRAHAM , CLYDE R . ( ucceeded by . Blanding ) o ( Address unkn wn ) . R O S T E R 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

LT OL O N S C . . Lt . C ol S . BLANDING , J H W ( ucceeded by . chucker ) . of t to Care Mrs . E . L . Wes , Bar w , Fla . T L S LOU S E N L CO U . O . . CH CKER , I , Creswell , . .

B MHARDT ' H o LT COL LOO . S t D t . . , FRED , C mmanding ani ary e achment, h 1 t . oo 907 Eigh Ave , Alt na , Pa .

UM U S t t S t o t 52 CAPT . BYN , C RTI , Adju an ( ucceeded by Cap . R ber s ) , 0 t o Bil m re Ave . , Asheville , N . C .

'

O S . D . t t 4238 S S t CAPT . R BERT , WM , Adju an , pruce . , Philadelphia, Pa .

MA! M t o OS t . CAPT . F TER , . , Adju an ( Address unkn wn ) . T C O . o t t to D CAPT . B NNER , WARREN , Pers nnel Adju an , Washing n , . .

C O N S F t O o t APT . MATT , CHA . . , In elligence fficer , High P in , N . C .

S S O t o O i 818 t St . CAPT . ALDERMAN , IDNEY . , pera i ns ff cer , W . Marke

o o N 0 . Greensb r , .

i t o O n F S U O S . C . IR T LIE T . RH DE , WM , and Ammun i n fficer, Gle

Riddle , Penn .

[ 148 ]

R O S T E R 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

o o l o C rp ra Thigpen , Lane L P ley , Ala .

C . Ward , Eugene . , Lake Junaluska , N C . A t Warren , Jesse . , Hun ley , N . C . tt S Wa s , James . , Garnsey , Ala .

J 406 13th o t . t S . . Wer , Harry . , Ave , N r h Yakima Wash

tt R o t 2 o o o . Whi , James . , R u e , R xb r , N C .

12 2d i . t 57 . Zbinden , Clemen L N . Ave , B rmingham , Ala W rr l l a oo t o C a o . C k Aus in , J hn . , , N C . tt o W o t 2 Burne , J hn . , R u e , Lascassas , Tenn . D o 4 o t o t . Can rell , H ward . , R u e , Gibs n , Tenn t L o t 1 Ab b ots vil l e Kelly , Dwigh . , R u e , , N . C .

N o o t 2 o . rman , Addie L R u e , Kals , Tenn t S t O . mi h , Arrey , Wes , Tenn . o M S o Bugler Wils n , Charles . , paulding , Idah .

o o o L . o t 2 o H rsesh er Mal ne , Daniel , R u e , Henders n , Tenn . t l s t F o t 1 o S Priva e Class Adams , Benj . . , R u e , C llier , . C .

T 345 t S t S a n o . Almy , Henry . , Haigh . , Francisc , Cal 452 t 8 . Barr , Alexander , Fif h Ave , Wylam , Ala B el s h er L 7726 U oo B irmin , Thaddeus . , nderw d Ave g

ham , Ala . E 46 o S t to 8 S t . Berg , An n . , H pkins . , . Paul , Minn o o Blal ck , Br die T Hurdle Mills , N . C . H S to Blevins , Richard . , ayre n , Ala . T 1 2 th o 3 0 47 S t . Los Br wn , Edwin . , E . , Angeles , Cal . o P Burgess , En s . , Mamie , N . C . 2 o o E . 39 0 S t . S . Burke , R llie , . J , Tac ma , Wash . L Clark , Isaac . , Munden , Kan . Delt s a o 572 o t t o . , J hn , C ur land Ave , N . Y . Ci y . Drovetto W B ox 19 , Wm . . , , Rydal , Kan . o Franklin , Zed , M rris , Ala . Garte ns ei 9 h N t t S 35 6t S t. g , Julius . , W . , . Y . Ci y . L o t Givens , Earl . , F un ain , N . C . o o o Grizzle , J hns n , Talking R ck , Ga . H W earne , Edward . , Greenville , N . C . H 618 t l t o t S . Hildebrand , Wm . . , Clymer , Ba len ine , M n . o P ot Hix n , James . , Per e , Ala . to o H o t 2 Hurs n , Th mas . , R u e , Tallassee , Ala . o H o t 15 Kn x , Paul . , R u e , Pineville , N . C . 25 4 h t o 0 . 0t t S . . Le nard , Francis , E , N . Y Ci y . ’ A 2318 o B ou l ev d i Leslie , Hugh . , Br wn , B rmingham , Ala . Litch fiel d B o , Harry . , Aur ra , N . C . o Geo 2 W . 2 1 to S t o L ehr , . , Washing n . , Ren , Nev . Lo A 14 S 33 t S t . t . ng , James . , Ba h , an a Barbara , Cal M J J r 230 45th S t t ack , Frank . , . , E . . , N . Y . Ci y . o M o t 1 oo Mar ney , Edward . , R u e , T ne , Tenn . S o t 9 l Marshall , idney , R u e , Greenvi le , Tenn . M t v o t 7 S t ar in , Har ey , R u e , mi hville , Tenn .

t O . o t 1 t Maynard , Ar hur , R u e , Lancas er , Tenn . M T . o t 4 S o t aynard , Larkin , R u e , ilver P in , Tenn . 2400 t Meyer , Jesse B Fif h Ave . , Birmingham , Ala . M on omer i M 301 S o t . g y, R chard . , u hside Ave , Asheville ltl C . o M o . 1027 24th St M rris , Wilf rd , N . . , Birmingham , Ala . Mc Dani el T o , Travis . , M ssy Head , Fla . McDavid M o to , James . , Fl ma n , Ala . Mc Mu l l en Geo S S t o , . . , afe y Harb r , Fla . Mc Ph ai l o to , G rman , Clin n , N . C . o o t 2 t o Nash , L uis , R u e , Walnu Gr ve , Ala . o t o E 4612 o S t . t t . Nels n , Vic r , Trem n Ave . , ea le , Wash O to 604 t o o r n , Charles , Fif h Ave Greensb r , N . C . o 241 42d S t N t Papa , Emili E . Y . Ci y . A P P E N D I X

t 1s t C T o N . o . . Priva e lass P well , Allen , Crem , C Rh oed er 2600 S t sh , Henry , unse Drive , Bellingham , Wa .

R o B o to . ine , Ge rge . , L ng Beach , Washing n S o aunders , Henry M M cksville , N . C .

S A t . ewell , Harvey . , We umpka , Ala 609 t S t S J . t . S hea , Ralph , Ba h , an a Barbara , Cal . A 23 S t tt oo n S o . 3 . imps n , Eugene , Vine Cha an ga , Ten S 5 10 S 31s t S t i o t nell , Edward P . . , B llings , M n . S W o t 1 t o quires , Richard . , R u e , Pan eg , N . C . S t 231 Mc o t 3 C . o . anley , James C y Ave , Annis n , Ala S o o t 2 tt ummers , B vell , R u e , A ala , Ala . W al frid o B or els land t S S . undberg , , Pers n , g , weden

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oo o i . Grimw d , Har ld H Merid anville , Ala

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n F 5 S t t o . l l or a . 5 . g , Edward , Luke , Wa erbury , C nn M 1 Geo 102 tto . . . Israel , . . , /z Pa n Ave , Asheville , N C

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o ot o t 3 o t . P ir , Adrian , R u e , N r h Adams , Mass T o t o . . P wers , Ewin , M n erey , Tenn

F 2 t . 7 S . renner , Chas . , Ash , Gardner , Mass R W o t 1 S t awls , Jas . . , R u e , eabrigh , Ala . Ru fii n t Rich , , Cas illa , N . C . o t O o t o t R ber s , wen , P ul ney , Verm n . o P 100 97th t N t o . S R gers , J seph , W . . , . Y . Ci y . 20 125th t h o o t 8 S . O o c ler , Alber , E . , Cleveland , i . t W o S . earl , Fred , Whea land , y . t 1 o S o . C . o imm ns , Wm , R u e , R me , Ga . S tto S o t 1 o t S i n , ilas , R u e , Bl un prings , Ala . t B to S t t o mi h , Edward . , Charles n . , Charles n , Mass . o t o o C . S . n wden , J seph , Duns n , Andalusia , Ala . Wm 0 B ox 15 t . . ark , . , P . , Wayland , MO d e nmi re o P t S tau . , J seph , Plan ersville , Ala . S t S u herland , Andrew , ewanee , Tenn . W o t J no . Tallan , . . , Emh use , Texas 1 o W es tfiel d o J u o 1 U . Tanr , . , ni n Ave , , Mass . o E Terry , Le nard . , Red Level , Ala . Ge o S t t W . o o o. 87 . . Th mps n , . , Jacks n , N W Ci y . o to 0 B ox 143 B C ol Trujill , Beni , P . . , elagua , . G J W o Wagers , lenn . , Lander , y . M to Webb , Allen . , Pine p , N . C . M o t Wells , Henry . , M n erey , Tenn . 2 t t o o t . Whi aker , Le nard , R u e , Fle cher , N C . ’

o o D 22 S t . S t o t o Williams n , H mer . , ephen s R u e , M bile , Ala . V tt o o . W lfenbarger , H race , Lu rell , Tenn . M oo to . to . W lver n , Will , Tren n , Tenn

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t 1s t t C Priva e Class Ashley , Wal er . , Warrensville , N . C . u o F i J t . Blake , . . , L chville , N D .

Campbell , Jas . E ( Mail Clerk ) , Armandville , Ala .

C h i orin o o 252 . 36th S t t , L uis , W . , N . Y . Ci y . ’ t Devei l s J . Els ad , Carl , Lake , N . D . L eC ou nt H , Ray . , Villard , Minn . L eD C 628 o ow o t . . S , , E . L ngfell Ave , p kane , apas1Herber

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o . o to R bbins , Jas , M ul n , Ala . o o D o t o Th mps n , Jas . . , R u e A , Fl rala , Ala . ' W Ol ff t o 4319 o S t o , An h ny , Gibs n Ave . , . L uis , MO . t Geo E o t 1 t r . S . P iva e Aplin , . , R u e , earigh , Ala J o t 1 S t Aplin , Wm . . , R u e , earigh , Ala . o S t o t 2 tt Bass n , evie , R u e , A ala , Ala . Leo C 211 to S t Beilman , . , Keys ne . , Hawley , Pa . oo J os S 1 1 19th t i to 0 . S . Br ks , . . , W , Ann s n , Ala . o t R 2609 i o S t S t or Mo C llins , Wal er . , H ck ry . , . L is , . a E 1 16 S t . 0 . Davis , C rl , Pearl , Chippewa Falls , Wis . o A t Davis , Har ld . , Gilber sville , N . Y . J u H Hes ers o o . . t Dunn , , p , M n . F ors trom i 31 118th o Ill , Er c , E . Place , Chicag , . R St S D Hay , Francis . , . Lawrence , . . o to T J hns n , Labe . , Evergreen , Ala . tt Lu rell , Claude , Imperial , Cal . t 2809 26th S t E to D C Mi chell , Frederick , . , N . . , Washing n . . Price on Mo O to t t . ver n , Alber , , o B F a ette\ i ll e Pers n , Murphy . , y , N . C . S o o t S anders , R nald , M un leman , Texas . S t o W o t 3 S chmi z , Nich las . , R u e , leepy Eye, Minn . Sh S ellman , Henry Cecil , Ala . 4 12 d S t E o t Ore H 9 73 . S . . Wild , Jas . . , , . , P r land ,

MAC H NE U M ANY I G N C O P .

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t t . t R Firs Lieu Adams , S ephen . , Asheville , N . C .

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i t o o t S . F rs ergean Rucker , Jac b , Anders nville , Tenn

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o R o t 1 g o t . Fain , J hn . , R u e , Kin sp r , Tenn L o tt . t Webb , Merri , Big Timber , M n . Mc Gowi n S t o S . . , acy , Cr mwell , Ala oo o o N H ks , Frank , C nc rd , . C . to N Als n , Garland . , Pine Hill , Ala . o o oo o L oo C rp ral Cr m , D rsey . , R ks , N . C .

t tt h A t . Ha che , Arc . , Hun land , Tenn [ 15 6 ]

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t 1s t F Ro t 1 N Priva e Class Wade , Benjamin . , u e , Timberlake , . C . W ah lfrid Otto o o t , , Th eny , M n .

i o t H . t T Will ams , R ber , Pleasan View , enn . o o to S o Wils n , H us n , ddy , Tenn . ou Mc o 3 o . t o Y ng , Marlin , R u e , Gainsb r , Tenn . t o i L o t 3 . Priva e Anders n , Edd e . , R u e , Gadsden , Ala o o o E o t 2 o t Al a Anders n , The d re . , R u e , Piedm n , . t W 49 S u inard S t to Aw ry , James . , . Q . , Annis n , Ala . i o Barker, V rgil , Hix n , Tenn . S o Barkley , Henry C hil h , Ala . S o t 4 t Bearden , amuel , R u e , Plan ersville , Ala . tt O o t 2 ott Bea y , Willis . , R u e , Charl e , N . C . R t Bellamy , Wiley . , Alabama Ci y , Ala . tt o G S Benne , Ad lphus . , pringvale , Ga . O o t S . . o Berry , Wal er , care Mrs Lera Dale , Wall wa reg n . o to Bish p , Mil n , Gadsden , Ala . o A 321 o o o o B wen , James . , E . Jacks n Ave . , J nesb r , Ark . 21 4 th t J . 8 7 S t t Brady , Pa rick , E . . , N . Y . Ci y . A to S Buehner , Carl . , Clay n , . D . a o J 1705 16th S t to C rr ll , Jesse . , W . , . Annis n , Ala . o 170 Ed efield S Chapman , J seph , Bx . , g , . C . t oo o D Mc F al l s Chea w d , Juds n . , , Ala . C l rk rn L 2 S t o a . 05 o N , James , Chauncey . , Br klyn , . Y . t 205 4 th t t o J . 8 S . . C llins , Pe er , E . , N Y . Ci y . o i G 22 t S t to 7 S . C llins , R ley . , . Quin ard , Annis n , Ala . o J 68 3d t 3 . . C miskey , James . , Ave , N Y . Ci y . o W o t 2 62 C peland , Elzie . , R u e , Bx . , Banger, Ala . o t o o P W o C s ell , J hn . , Cheyenne , y . o Crawf rd , Charles , Andalusia , Ala . ] o R 4 1 1 th t t . 3 7 S . . Dal , J hn , W . , N Y . Ci y .

t o t S . Daugh ry , P r er . , Waverly , Ala W Eakes , Charles . , Hazelgreen , Ala . L 2 S t S an o Farrell , Gerald . , Turk . , Francisc , Cal . o t i t 1 22 8th Ave J . 8 1 . . . F r e , Gl s er , , N Nashville , Tenn Orofin o C . o Frye , Basil , , Idah . t t L to Galbrai h , Wal er . , Win n , Cal . A ve oo 112 o t . . G ds , Frank , F res , Gadsden , Ala o i o A 212 115th t t S . G urd er , J seph . , E . , N . Y . Ci y . o J o Gr ves , Charlie . , Hankis n , Miss . B u er G Al a Hall , y . , Red Level , . a o J 7 3d t 73 . . H nn n , Daniel . , Ave , N . Y . Ci y Hers h al l W 211 to S S t. . Haynes , . , . Mable , Annis n , Ala B 96 i t o S t o . 7 . . t Hern n , Charles , Wash ng n , N Y . Ci y . A o t 1 tt Hill , Charles . , R u e , Lu rell , Tenn . i o t 1 t H ll , Mack , R u e , Hun sville , Ala . o o W o t H lley , J hn . , Ir n Ci y , Ala . o o J t Huds n , Th mas . , Cen ral , Ala . o R o t 2 In gram , Th mas . , R u e , Red Level , Ala . W 5 1 o S t t o o t 0 . S t . J hns n , Alber . , Jeffers n , ea le , Wash o o W B o J hns n , Frank . , r wnsdale , Minn .

- o o C . o t 1 to S N J nes , Raym nd , R u e , Wins n alem , . C . K g S in , James . , Madera , Cal . W t O ak N Kinlaw , Ralph . , Whi e , . C . A a t . S t o t L mber , Cleveland , ar R u e , Red Level , Ala . S Lane , Charles . , Burgaw , N . C . 6 to O o o t . Lannin g , William , R u e , Ful n ( sweg ) , N . Y o o E t Mah ney , J hn . , Ven ura , Cal . M t A ot o t o t . a ick , Henry , Abb sf rd Mara h n , Wis .

a C ou t 1 . Me ds , Paul . , R e , Weeksville , N . C a o S t o 647 o t Mi n , aba in , M rris Ave . , N . Y . Ci y . l o t McMi nnvil l e Mi ler , W r h , , Tenn .

[ 158 ] A P P E N D I X

t o J . R o t 4 Priva e Mills , Ge rge , u e , Blakeley , Ga . M i t to C . illsaps , M chell . , James wn , Tenn o H o t 2 B to Myre , R ll . , R u e , en n , Ky .

N to R o t 1 . ew n , Webbie . , R u e , Greenville , Ala N ovec ke o O s k c s h , J hn , Wis . W t 124 o t O 9 S . . liver , al er , Mal ne , Gadsden , Ala O o E o t 1 55 ls n , Alfred . , R u e , Bx . , Ridgeland , Wis . rl ob 3 2 th S t i O 95 7 . , Herman , , Milwaukee , W s . i i o Mend ic mo Pard n , Amade , , Cal E 7th S t S O lxankan na Au ta omie Paschen , Erwin . , . , g , Wis . o t Hol emen La C ros s e Pauls n , Augus , , , Wis . 21 Il ornvi l l e Au ta omie t o t . Pla h , Frank , R u e , , g , Wis Rad ows ki 1080 8th , Frank , Ave Milwaukee , Wis . F 113 i S t t Raney , James . , P ke Hun sville , Ala .

R o E . La C ros s e epl gle , Fred , , Wis . A o t 2 a Riese , Emil . , R u e , M rkesan , Wis .

v. o W 1 o o ‘ R o . 6 S O to 5 . ie e , The d re , uperi r Ave , c n , Vis . o to o B S t R ys n , Th mas . , rand , Ala . R o t 1 o - d u - Lac uck , Charlie G R u e , Vandyne , F nd , Wis . t t t S o t N o 5 S . l an , Ernes . , R u e , a esville , N . C 4 o to S t o t . mi h , Laban , R u e , M rgan n , N C . v F 1814 O o S t o S o . . . ulli an , J hn , E hi , Indianap lis , Ind .

t J J . Loc k s b u r Taggar , esse , g , Ark . Th e o o t 2 North field y , J hn , R u e , , Minn . W o o V i to arren , R sc e . , L mes ne , Ark . E Brotli er on t . t . Wes , William , , Tenn W d z ins ki B 142 o o o o o 3 S t O . , leslaw , Warsaw T led , hi

t J S ott . Wrigh , Andrew . , c sville , Ark

H EAD UART ERS 1$T BATTAL O N 218T I NFANT Y Q I , 3 R .

S o ] o t o . o 1640 2l s t S t Maj r Angel , M n g mery B ( ucceeded by Maj r Davis ) , W to N . W ashing n , D . C . Ma ci r A o 3861 o to o j Davis , Pearle . , C mmanding , Carr ll n Ave . , Indianap lis , l nd .

o L S e o An el i Maj r Barker , Max . , Asheville , N . C . ( ucce ded by Maj r g ) . B t t 21 t F t t . . 3 S . o t irs Lieu Ingram , Hal , Adju an , Elm , High P in , N . C . H t S o t o . O o S ec nd Lieu . Crawf rd , Geddings , In elligence fficer , C lumbia , . C . t S 2629 S t d Cap . Vaughan , Blanding . , Chaplain , C . , Meri ian , Miss .

C MPANY " A O .

t o S t t . . Cap . Anders n , Alan R a esville , N C 62 o t o S t Sl o o 1 0 C S . . . Cap . an , J hn T llege , C lumbia , C

t o S o o S . S o . . ec nd Lieu . Gibs n , Carl , C rd va , C

t a t . S o t t t S . ec nd Lieu enan Hasse , W man , Ba h , Me h S o t Tw effort o C . 580 5t . . . t . ec nd Lieu . y , Raym nd , Ave , N Y Ci y M t t S c C o o . Firs ergeant y, J seph B Hun ersville , N . C

M S Geo A B . . t . ess ergean Chandler , . , arber , N C

S t t o E t . ergean Hu chis n , Percy , lizabe h , Ill

o R o t 1 o to . Nels n , Herman . , R u e , W lver n , Minn 1 o o oo C 3 . . H ver , Ray . , Franklin C nc rd , N C th t o S 908 2o S . . o t . . Bradf rd , Ar hur , , Hick ry , N C

L 3 i . Mann , Henry . , R . F D . , Church H ll , Tenn R O S T E R 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

1 o t o F 35 t S . o N S t . . ergean Parnell , Edward , Dep , C nc rd , . C

n C o o . o to J o . . . C ving n , , Wadesb r , N C nn 0 DI o C . 1 , Le nard , R . F . D . , Paw Creek , N . C . Kinn i rd t C t 1 oo a o . o , Lay n , R u e , C keville , Tenn . 41 th O L 1 l 6 . 5 . . Welch , scar . , Ave , N Birmingham , Ala

o o H . Ro t 5 S B mar Mari n , u e , helbyville , Tenn . K es i h o H o t a . t 28 . . , H race , R u e , Ma hews , N C o o t 1 i o S . . P well , Paul , R u e , pr ng H pe , N C o A o t 22 t H user , Richard . , R u e , Hun ersville , N . C . l o no o 1 o o o J . S t U C rp ra Bauc m , . , R u e , ni nville , N . C . W 9 o S t W es tfield Banks , Wallace . , Cr ss . , , Mass . o o J u o F oo C nn lly , . J . . , Br klyn , N . Y . C ox o o S . , Dill n , C nway , C . G u o o o t 25 . Fish , Jas n . , R e , Davids n , N C . fi A o t 1 t Grif n , Jas . . , R u e , Cas leberry , Ala . A S S Hare , Jas . . , aluda , . C . t A o t 2 o Hun , Jas . . , R u e , R land , N . C . t R o Ingram , Mi chell . , Tayl rsvill e , N . C . l a M o t 1 Kis er , J mes . , R u e , Allen , N . C .

C . oo . Lee , Henry , M resville , N C . o Geo L t L ckey , . . , Chris iana , Tenn . ott O o t S S L , lin , R u e aluda , . C . tt Ro u t 1 Lexel o C . o . L , y , R e , Red , Ala

o E . o t 3 ot t Marks , Fl yd , R u e , Charl e , N . C . M orni ni t , Pe e , Birmin gham , Ala . u H 0 t to N 0 J o . . 3 7 S . Myers , , Harris . , Burling n , . o Phillips , Carl , Tab r , N . C . o t A R ber s , Harry . , Birmingham , Ala . o o D o t 1 o Tillis n , Mari n . , R u e , Glenc e , Ala . o S t o t 1 o o N Tys n , ephen , R u e , Wadesb r , . C . W tt t are , Je ie , Alabama Ci y , Ala . t o C to - S Wea herman , Rans m . , Wins n alem , N . C . 42 ci t to 0 S . Weeks , Dan , Glen A dic , Annis n , Ala . A Mc C ormi ck S Wise , Frederick . , , . C . B rry ‘i il l P 4 ot oo e . . t C k , Chas . , R . F D . , Charl e , N . C . Mc Ke e u o G. , R ben , Mine la , Ark .

S o L . 10 aine , D lphus , R . F . D . , Paw Creek , N . C . 1 o o Tickle , Jas . B R . F . D . , El n C llege , N . C . t i H Mechanic Car er , W lburn . , Hazel Green , Ala . l n i er Ge C o o. C Mechanic g , . , Paw Creek , N . C . o o O B Bugler H lc mbe, bie . , Mars Hill , N . C . He ers ton C t S Bugler gg , Edwin . , ( De ached ervice ) . l s F v t t . . Pri a e Class Allen , Jas , Evergreen , Ala . o Anders n , Ralph Leland , Mayhew , Miss . L S Angel , Chas . . , wiss , N . C .

o t . Baird , H mer , Walnu Ridge , Ark B au h mon E o t 2 O o g , Francis . , R u e , Carey , hi . u o D h m J . 42 45t S t t t o o 3 . . Bar h l ew , . , E , N . Y . Ci y . T o Beasley , Wm . . , C lumbia , N . C . 1619 o o t . . Beerman , Wal er , Balm ral Ave , Chicag , Ill A 41 4th t o Ill o . 7 S Bleds e , Frank , R ck Island , . o J no M 1918 B ggan , . . , Ave . H , Birmin gham , Ala . o o O o t 5 t B ggs , Th mas . , R u e , Hun sville , Ala .

o . B 4217 o 0 B nd , Wm . , Br adway , Cleveland , . t o . Bullard , Carl , Lumber n , N . C

p i o o . C t D. 1700 S Byrd , Wal er , r ng Garden , Greensb r , N . G o 6 6 o e . 8 t . t Caldes , , W . Ches er Ave Br nx , N . Y Ci y . J u o 508 S t o Cella , . , N . Franklin . , Chica g , Ill . Go t H 14 t o 3 S . . ldwa er , Andrew . , Clark , Aur ra , Ill - M S t o o. o . C 3863 A S S t . C leman , Wm . , ullivan , . L uis , o J n o W t S C nner , . . , Es le prings , Tenn .

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R O S T E R 3 2 l s T I N F A N T R Y

t o o o t 2 o Priva e Barr n , J hnnie , R u e , L uisburg , Tenn . t S t oo Bax er , Clarence , Church . , M resville , N . C .

H . O 262 to Behnke , Richard , P . . Bx . , Pres n , Minn . E 124 o t t t a . S . t Bell , Na h n , R wan , Faye eville , N . C . B enefiel d t G Ro t 2 20 t , Alber . , u e , Bx . , Cas le Berry , Ala . oo o t o t 2 Bl dsw r h , Cary , R u e , Evergreen , Ala . o to A Dee B ggan , Clay n . , Pee , N . C . oo O o t 2 to Br ks , quin , R u e , Lumber n , N . C . o Burks , Harry , Chicag , Ill . C al varene o t t 150 t 2 S . 80 . . t , C ns an ine , , N Y Ci y .

S o . H . . Causey , Jake , anf rd , N C f J u o 2 14 o a 3 . S t o C fm n , . , W Adams . , Chicag , Ill . t M o t . t C lle , Alfred , Alabama Ci y , Ala . C orm ear t 417 Yes ter w a S tt , Aber , y, ea le , Wash . o W oo C rum , Jessie . , B neville , N . C . o W ou t 2 10 oo C rum , Jesse . , R e , Bx . , B neville , N . C .

835 S . t o S . S . Crawf rd , Wm . H Main , alisbury , N . C oo o t 2 Cr k , Wm . Henry , R u e , Henning, Tenn . Des tifino o Los mil i nos , Emil , , Cal . t t o o S . D wns , Dave , Railr ad , Alabama Ci y , Ala . A 16 9th t 3 . 8 S t Dwyer , James . , E . , N . Y . Ci y . o t 1 Edwards , Allen , R u e , Ayden , N . C .

Tre vant F S . Fee , y . , Blairs , C . e om 200 43d S t M . t F eley , Th as , E . . , N . Y . Ci y . F W 124 o S t o 111 isher , Edward . , W . Illin is . , Chicag , . o F o t 2 to N Gay , J hn . , R u e . Wals nburg , . C . Giac h i n n i o i o 3038 2l s t S t , D men c , N . . , Philadelphia , Pa .

to H o t . Grace , Hamil n . , R u e B , Evergreen , Ala H Hall , William . , Medlin , N . C . o L o t 3 o o o . S Hallf rd , J hn , R u e , l c mb , Ala . t S Harden , Burrell E . ( De ached ervice ) . J Harper , Jas . . , River Falls , Ala . Van o o Harrill , , Ellenb r , N . C . t o o Hun er , Edd , M nr e , N . C . t o t 5 o o Hu chins , Jasper , R u e , Murfreesb r , Tenn . to 115 N eos h a Jaeckel , An n , Bx . , , Wis . o o l to S t J hns n , Nea A Vic ry . , Lakedale , N . C . f H . Kee fe , William , Andalusia , Ala . o Ge o H o K enig , . . , H ward Lake , Minn . o t 2 o Lawrence , Chas . , R u e , R yal , Ala . M to - S N Lewis , Chas . . , Wins n alem , . C . t D to Linzy , Lu her , R . F . . , Arling n , Tenn . o o t ott L ckman , Earl , N r h Charl e , N . C .

to o 9 o S t . Mar rana , J hn , Br nx , Lynn , Mass . o a J 132 t St M ran , Fr nk . , Myr le . , Lynn , Mass . M C r t O . 1 5 o S t oo c a 7 . S y, Ernes , Jacks n , Greenw d , . C .

S a u R . 1684 t S t S an o Newman , m el , Haigh . , Francisc , Cal . S o H O g S o . m ke , J hn , ran ebur g, . C . S t o 11039 o arnes , Harris n , Railr ad Ave . , Gadsden , Ala . S o t i S . ykes , Th mas W . ( De ached erv ce ) tt o o . Tayl r , Felix A Abb , Texas

o i J . R 0 1 te l S to S Tayl r , Will am , hel n , . C . to T o Tew , Al n . , R se Hill , N . C . 6 2 t C o t . 5 S Trexler , Egber . , R u e , Bx , alisbury , N . C . r Triece , Frede ick M . Landis , N . C . M Turner , Daniel . , Beulaville , N . C . P o o S . o N Tys n , amuel , R . F . D Wadesb r , . C . u S o t Vance , Ruf s . , Dep si , Ala . t T 190 o t . 0 o . to Wakley , Dewi , C per Ave , Annis n , Ala . W t o L o t es m reland , Wm . . , Dem res , Ga .

o t 2 S o N . Wheless , Willie , R u e , prin g H pe , . C

t o t t S . Whi e , R ber ( De ached ervice ) [ 1 62 ] A P P E N D I X

t t M o t 1 5 o t N Priva e Whi ley , Gabriel . , R u e , Bx . , Beauf r , . C . o o t 2 o o Wiley , Th mas , R u e , Gainsb r , Tenn .

J oe F . o t 1 Williams , , R u e , Hallsville , N . C .

o F o t 1 . Williams n , Willie . , R u e , Franklin , N . C t G o t 2 o o Wrigh , Jas . . , R u e , Hillsb r , N . C . Yaik ow u o A h J . 11t S t . , . , , Gadsden , Ala . Yel v erton o J o t 1 o t y , Th mas . , R u e , Freem n , N . C .

C OMPANY B .

t R o o Cap ain Bagley , Charles . , M y ck , N . C . t L t o to T S t S Firs ieu . H ward , Charl n . , par anburg , . C . i t t S ott o t tt C . . F rs Lieu . ch , Percy , N r h Pla , Neb S o t o o F t S ec nd Lieu . Blackm n , J hn . , Lancas er , . C .

S o t o W oo ec nd Lieu . Campbell , H mer . , Br kline , Mass .

t S t S o P o Firs ergean hinn , Th mas . , Kannap lis , N . C . S S t o C o upply ergean Wilkins , Th mas . , R se Hill , N . C . S t o o o D Mess ergean M rris n , J hn . , Harrisburg , N . C .

S t o f o o . ergean C ne , Cli f rd , Jessup , I wa

o O o o N . B lick , scar , C n ver , . C O oo N Apple , liver , Elmw d , . C . g W t Hud ens , Daniel . , Ashland Ci y , Tenn . o o to L ckley , Bens n , Lumber n , N . C . t o Gain s b err Gen ry , J hn , y, Tenn . t H o . Pennin g er , Ar hur . , G ld Hill , N C . t E t S t . S to o ewar , David , ny P in , N . C . o Br ussard , Alfred , Erwinville , La . og A oo T S . Gr an , James . , Bl mingdale prings , enn o E ot to Lack , P ny . , Br her n , Tenn . t S o o N Li aker , Murl . , C nc rd , . C . DeB arr L t y, Julian . , Hamle , N . C . t m C S o t T Mar in , Thur an . , ilver P in , enn . T Montval l o Tucker , Wiley . , , Ala . B t o t o o oo o t . o 3 . C rp ral Blackw d , R b . , R u e , Bl un ville , Ala

R . o t 1 t o Black , Wm . , R u e , Walnu Gr ve , Ala . o Hombr J o B swell , . , Ivanh e , N . C . L o o Cress , Jay . , C nc rd , N . C . B l 1 an n o De aere 7 S . , Wi liam , Guy Place , Fra cisc , Cal 2 S t S tt 5 6 . . . . Garre , William , N Caldwell , alisbury , N C Heflin o o 506 o o o t D S . S N . , The d re , R xb r urham , . C

o o G. o J hns n , William , Davids n , N C . L i o t o o S t t o . J hns n , William . , a i n A , H gh P in , N C . t 69 N o o o o N o 1 . . . J nes , S l m n . , R u e , Bx , Piney Creek , C K enl w o t to a o 3 . . , D ckery , R u e , Lumber n , N C

g C . . . Mei s , Edgar , Palmerville , N C o L Miller , Gr ver . , Idlewild , Tenn . nb u r oo S tanto N . M re , App . , g , . C O r o o o t 1265 g . Muld wney , Pa rick , e n Ave Chicag , Ill A h S Al a d r 14 16t t . i . Mc o o t 5 . y, R ber , 7 N , B rmingham ,

Mc F arl and o M o t 1 oo . , J hn . , R u e , Edgem r , Tenn

C . Perdue , Rufus . , Evergreen , Ala fi o S l u b h er e l d a H v d l ex. , Willi m . Tenn .

S t L . mi h , Bender . , Bellville , Ala

m l vd B or i e . S t F o o . i h , . , M esv ll , N C h N t 4 96t S t Y . o C 6 . . . Thedf rd , Henry . , W . , Ci y o l Welch , G rdie , Anda usia , Ala . A o W o 2 N l t t . . Wha ey , l n . , R u e . Kenansville , C

o t Ro t 1 . . Wils n , Ta e , u e , Burnsville , N C

[ 163 ] R O S T E R 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

oo Du l iw 0 S C k , Charles pencer , N . C . McIl l w ain Geo A t S , . . , Due Wes , . C .

S o o S . . erm ns , Gide n ( Transferred ) t G oo i Talber , Alvin . , M resv lle , N . C . Mt S . . . Mechanic Allred , Willis , . Airy , N C o P J imin o Bugler Myers , L nnie . , g , N S o o S t t Bugler l an , Ge rge N a esville , N . C . t l s t ott t F o t 2 Priva e Class Abb , Car er . , R u e , Cullman , Ala . S t Allen , Richard , Auburn . , Grass Valley , Cal . o E o t 1 o t S i Allred , C nnie . , R u e , Bl un pr ngs , Ala .

o T 319 S . 3d S t . Ambr se , Allen . , , Memphis , Tenn . t o o M o t 3 o Arms r ng , Ge rg e . , R u e , Bang r , Ala . A L o 2 o S t . . ull , James . , R u e , P maria , C t o A 4 o t N S . S Ba eman , Ge rge . , Gr ve , pray , . C . o B La Fa ette Blank , Rufus . , y , Ala . o 1 t o t tt o t 1 . 8 Briggs , L ie , R u e , Bx , Na i nal Ci y , Cal . o o S avario 280 153d S t t C lumb , , E . . , N . Y . Ci y . o l C 5 15 S t to - S D y e , Jesse . , . , Wins n alem , N . C .

o C . o S Gladden , J hn , Basc mville , . C . S o C S t o . o t Gray , Fred . care W . R . pencer , M l a , M n . tt 2119 oo S t o Hamme , Richard , M re Anders n , Ala . t H o t 1 S o i Hea h , James . , R u e , n w H ll , N . C . o t t Hill , Jeffers n , Magne ic Ci y , N . C . Ro t o Innis , b . J , T mahawk , N . C . i 2108 Jenn n tg: s , Edgar H , Ave G , Birmingham , Ala . Frank 608 W 184th S t t . . Lages , , . , N . Y Ci y . A t o o . o Lari s , Th mas , Alami s , Cal . L e eo H 170 t o t S t t g , . . , Wen w r h Ave . , al Lake Ci y , gj taG1 . o H o O L ngley , Carl . , Pry r , kla . Wm I Manley , . . , Parrish , Ala . tt o t T o t 1 S Mare , R b . . , R u e , Fair Play , . C . O i v L o o Minchey , l er . , Gainsb r , Tenn . i G t Miniard , Maur ce . , Cas l eberry , Ala . W o t o . o t 10 Min n , Julian , R u e , Mac n , Ga . o A Mickel , H race . , Cl eveland , Tenn . Moarer , Earl , Evergreen , Ala . Gu F 211 o O o 8 . . o . o M wery , y , W Fl rida Ave , Kenm re , hi . S t W 148 o S o Munsey , anley . , Will w Ave . , merville , Mass . B ri d e o L Mc . , Th mas , Marshville , N . C . Mc Gr w H 1041 o t a . S . tt , Wm . , F rbes , Pi sburgh , Pa . M u h l i n A 903 t t c La O . i S . S t g , scar , F f h , erling , Ill . Pe ers o B Mc t . , N rman , Ivy , N . ’ ll l o t 1 onne J . i o O C . , Eugene , Ra lr ad Ave , Be lp r , L . . O o o 6054 o t h i o lsen , The d re , D rches er Ave . , C cag , Ill . t t E Pa e , Wal er . , Evergreen , Ala . Pu rnnett t 916 l e or ia S t , Na han , g . , Birmingham , Ala . S c i ek ert o o o t , Raym nd , R se M un , Minn . S t J oe L o eele , . , N rway , Neb . o o O o Th mps n , James . , Kannap lis , N . C . A o t 1 o Turbeville , Irvine . , R u e , Jedd , Ala . o L D Wells , Jac b . , R . F . . , Teachey , N . C . W ernk e J 516 21s t S t , Henry . , N . . , Birmingham , Ala . W r t 2 f o t . J . o Priva e Adkins , Harvey , , R u e , Bu fal , Ala . D 521 No S o St . Allein , Fred . , . pring Ave . , . L uis , MO

J u o C . Bailey , . . , Wadley , Ala B o t 1 t Barnes , Henry . , R u e , Cas leberry , Ala . t t tt M . o 8 Bar le , Jim , R u e , Cullman , Ala . R too B atl es o t 3 . , Willie , u e , Al na , Ala Z o t 1 S o Beaman , Henry . , R u e , n w Hill , N . C . L ou t 2 o N Beaver , Jesse . , R e , R ckwell , . C . o Bell n , Alexie , Besele , La . [ 164 ]

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R 22 t o . 17 S tt Priva e Plumb , Vern n , E . Queen Ann , ea le , Wash . oo m E S P le , Willia . , elma , N . C . ' Pearl e o t 2 ott . P er , y, R u e , Deep Run , N . C t 2 to t . o . . Pridgen , Alber Q , R u e , Lumber n , N C o R O Ray , J hn . , wassa , Ala . Au b er B oo o o . . R bins n , y , Br klyn , Ala ' o o o o l R gers , L renz , R binsvi le , N . C . to A 17 o d S t t Rush n , James . , N . Br a . , Augus a , Ga . o W o o N Russell , J hn . , C nc rd , . C . a A 62 o t t Ryan , Willi m . , Pr spec Place , N . Y . Ci y . S T o app , Adam . , Rayf rd , Fla . S o o W 817 t t to - S S . hacklef rd , J hn . , N . Liber y , Wins n alem S F ol ton herman , , Paul , Ala . S o o t 4 imps n , Will , R u e , Church Hill , Tenn . nb u net S t S u . . mi h , Henry , , N C S t i R o mi h , W lliard . , Tr y , N . Y L S t t i S . . need , Ira , a esv lle , N C 1 Mc KenZ i e S o o t . well , Fred , R u e , , Ala

b ert E d . to S to . , , Ac n , Ala o H 1 22 d t to - o . 3 3 S . S Th mas , J hn , E . , Wins n alem , N . C . o H o t 3 t o . . Th mps n , William , R u e , Liber y , N . C T kl e n F or e th o t ar s o s . , Hans , y , M n ana t Turbeville , Iva . , Wainwrigh , Ala . o Od d ie T Wag ner , . , Glen Raven , N . C . m o o o S a t 5 . . Walker , , R u e , Greensb r , N C t C as telb err Wa ers , Cleveland , y, Ala .

t o t 2 . Whi efield , James , R u e , Kenansville , N C . l E t 2 to t . o . . Whi efield , Wi liam , R u e , Kins n , N C

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t t oo o o Firs Lieu . R ks , Munr e , Br wnsville , Tenn . G oo S o t o . t . R o s Cap . Falls , Cicer , M resville , N . C . ( ucceeded by Lieu k ) . t t o o Firs Lieu . Fergus n , Henry A ( Address unkn wn ) . t l o n t t . t Firs Lieu Bracewel , James F Cher kee Ave . , A la a , Ga . T t . o t S S o . S . ec nd Lieu B land , Herber , pringfield , . C S o d t C o ec n Lieu . Clark , William . , C uncil , N . C .

t S t R oo Firs ergean Bailey , Frank . , W dlief , N . C . S S t o t H 164 t t upply ergean M rris , Ernes . , Candler Ave . , A lan a, Ga . S t l W o Mess ergean Mil er , Charles . , China Gr ve , N . C . S e t o t o G. oo rgean P index er , C lumbus , B neville , N . C . L o t 1 o Trexler , Van . , R u e , G ld Hill , N . C . U t L o . prigh , Marshall . , China Gr ve , N C . o t T o 1 t . t o d . . Tr u man , Wilber , R u e , G l Hill , N C B t 1 o t . Baker , William . , R u e , Winga e , N C . S o B o herrill , T be . , Davids n , N . C . M cDonal d G o , Henry . , M ss , Mass . o o o t R bins n , H mer , Car hage , Tenn .

E . t Nix , Willie , E hridge , Tenn . o W tt to C llier , James . , Li le n , N . C . o o t 1 D well , James , R u e , Granville , Tenn . o 63 U o o 0 . . Freely , C rnelius , ni n Ave , New Y rk , N . Y o o l o F o t 1 t Va C rp ra Adams , J hn . , R u e , Mar insville , . o o Ayc ck , C nner N . C . o o t 1 o t S Banks , Th mas , R u e , Piedm n , . C . [ 1 6 6 ] A P P E N D I X

o C S t o Corp ral Bingham , William . , al ill , Tenn . S o o J . o . . B yd , J hn , Y rk , C A Caudle , Jeffrey . , Peachland , N . C . o o o Chewning , J hn Q . , R an ke , Ala . ru ch fiel d C t J . . , Arch , Range , Ala o E u t to o to . . . A . Davids n , James , H n ing n Ave , B s n Y M . C . , o to B s n , Mass . im L S tt J . . Garre , . , Greenville , C i o t C 540 S t o o t Harr ss , R ber . , unse Ave R cky M un , N . C . Ro L 04 t o . 33 o S o Henders n , y , W . Hur n . , Chicag Ill . , o J ou t 1 O o t Huie , L nnie . , R e , ne n a , Ala .

L t . t . Jenkins , Alber , Hun sville , Ala O S Lyerly , Marcus . , alisbury , N . C . t o S t Mas ers n , Harry , mi hville , Tenn . E o t . Meredi h , Ralph , Chicag . M s k l l P t 1 T i s e . o y, Carl , R u e , Halls , enn . o o P o o o o M rgan , Th mas . , L uviers , C l rad . o t W o o N Mcwh r er , Henry . , M nr e , . C . W t . o Newman , Alber , Arcadia , I wa . H A . t l a . Phillips , Herman , Hun sville, T eofil s Pyszka , , La alle , Ill . M i d o tt . Ri er , Frank , H l erbrand , Miss uri . R os et to t S . , Rasmus , German wn , Minn . S R S t o . t S t O insabaugh , Isaac , ummi a i n , hi o . S l OO o t W o p , R ber . , Kannap lis , N . C . S t mi h , Milliard , Neuse , N . C . D S t S . N mi h , idney , Hallville , .

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t M . O Blevins , Wal er , Grassy Creek , N . . o o o t 2 o t B werman , J hn , R u e , Bl un sville , Ala . o M o t 1 S t o Br wn , James . , R u e , r ud , Ala . O S to Bunch , mer . , Ben n , Miss . o 180 a lahan , rnel us , inden ve . , a ass . C l C i L A M ld , M R o t 1 oo Campbell , Hardy L u e , Br ksville , Fla . o o t 2 C dy , William , R u e , Euchee , Tenn . t o A . o C llins , Haynes , Lumber n , N . C . o o 518 152d S t o C rley , Th mas , W . . , New Y rk . C rawfort t B o o S , Ernes . , Winnsb r , . C .

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o o . . B ggs , Daniel , Camer n , N C u T o J o . . . B lling , , Alanda , Ala o t A R 0 1 te 7 o o B s , Wm . . , , C nc rd , N . C .

ow 502 S t . An an o o B man , Andy , Philips , g , I wa . k fie ld G o t 3 o B ra e . , Eli , R u e , Warri r , Ala . In a S o . Br wn , Carl , , C . t o u t . B rmeis er , Augus , L ganville , Wis [ 1 68 ]

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M ANY D C O P .

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S o t o S t S ec nd Lieu . Chandler , N rman W um er , . C . S o t M o ec nd Lieu . Williams , Neal . , Raym nd , Miss .

t S t Han o 239 S t o Firs ergean g, Jac b , Perry . , C lumbia , Pa . S S t to - S upply ergean Libes , Ary H Wins n alem , N . C .

S t S tre ater . Ira L o . Mess ergean , . , M rven , N . C S t R o t A O o t Mess ergean Tuck , ber . , ne n a , Ala . R f t S t t t . o S t Mt a ergean Can rell , Wal er , care Mr . Wm . mi h , . Pleas n Tex i M to - S Chamel n , Earl . , Wins n al em , N . C . Real icu C \Vins ton - S s . . Perry , , alem , N C . f o - t S . Pfa f , Edwin B Wins n alem , N C . o R to - S Kiger , Gr ver . , Wins n alem , N . C . A to - S Marshall , Jennings . , Wins n alem , N . C . o L to - S Whicker , N ah . , Wins n alem , N . C . o o t om B S o H llingsw r h , Th as . , prin gh pe , N . C .

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Barnes , Pink , Barnesville , N . C . tt o B Benne , J hn . , Gurley , Ala . o F o t Bens n , Jean . , Dep si , Ala . t Fl i nts vil l e Bevill , Ma h , , Tenn . W S O t . . Blair , is , Blairs , C . L F r nd b er o t o o . a . B wker , H mer , g , M n t L Mas s il on O o Burrell , Ar hur . , , hi . t E S Car er , Daniel . , Travis , . C . o C chran , Reed , Lyles , Tenn . Ro t o . C wan , y, Taf , Tenn C ox i C L aF a ette , Marv n . , y , Ala . Dec ons t nz o 236 1 0th S t t a 5 . . . , Guiseppe , E . , N Y . Ci y D ard en o 6 o t S es s o 5 o S . j , Alph ns , W d , alem , Mass . t F o oo Dry , Lu her . , N rw d , N . C Du nnivant R t i , Clarence . , Hun sv lle , Ala . H o i i G. . agy , Jac b , B rm ngham , Ala i B Jerv s , Harry . , Mars Hill , N . C . T M o o . S Kelly , y , anf rd , N . C . W to - S Lackey , Leslie . , Wins n alem , N . C . B i o . U . Madis n , Frank , r ah , Ala t L S Michael , Car er . , pencer , N . C . t t o Mils ed , Lu her F B yd , Ala . o C M udy , Earl . , Ely , Nev . Mc C r r C ] o . . y, Henry , Excel , Ala Mc Gh e e T , Henry . , Laurinburg , N . C . Mc Mu r h o H p y, J hn . , Vredenburgh , Ala . t O o t Nash , Lu her N ne n a , Ala

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o o H . o Calh un , J hn , Madis n , Fla . emb r l a th C o t o 292 14 S t . o . t , An ni , , N Y . Ci y . H t Childress , Claude . , Hun sville , Ala . C h ittend on O O o , Edward . , rland , Fla . o t M C chran , Cur is . , Lyles , Tenn . o o to to C ggins , H us n , Clan n , Ala . o C llins , Eugene T Peachland , N . C . oo o H o C per , Ambr se . , New H pe , Ala . S t Cruse , Percy . , Hun sville , Ala . R t Curry , Wm . . , New Marke , Ala . ] B S . t Danie , amuel , Hun sville , Ala . to - S J . Darnell , Harvey , Wins n alem , N . C . o D i Dennis , L uis . , Nashv lle , Tenn . t t C o Es es , Alber . , Menl , Ga . o W F t l a F . Eubanks , N ah . , . Myers , o C o o F wler , Andrew . , M nr e , N . C . G Ol ian En l eh ard ibbs , , g , N . C . 2 o o 6 7 . t G lden , Isid re , Wales Ave , N . Y . Ci y . GO och E u i n t , , Hun sville , Ala . H 1 o t t oo S . 83 . G dman , amuel , Pr spec Ave . , N . Y . Ci y S a M S . . Graves , muel . , Pageland , C W t Hall , Gus . , Hun sville , Ala . ] W t Hal , Isaac . , Hun svill e , Ala . L o N o S . Harris n , Will . , n w Hill , C . t S o Hea h , Wm . H n w Hill , N . C . o B Herring , J hn . , Parkersburg , N . C . tt o V to Hya , Basc m . , Brass wn , N . C .

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C o t . Crusch , E . . , Bainville , M n

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t t . t S t S . o . Wal ers , Fle cher , Walnu , Tr y , Ala t 311 o o Whi e , Elmer , Park Ave . , N rf lk , Neb . Wh i imore W tt . , Allen , Halls , Tenn .

o S o t 1 o . Wilc x , amuel , R u e , T dd , N . C o B F ou em ont Wils n , Lee . , g , N . C . o R S ch ool fiel d Wils n , Lee . , , Va . t E S o o Wrigh , Henry . , anb rn , I wa .

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N ies w i ad on . y, Frank , Chapel Hill , Texas O tvval t v tt t t i s S . , E ere , a esv lle , N C . R o t . Parrish , Wal er , Henders n , N . C . 37 Peles , Harry , Bx . , Glen Campbel l , Pa . l vatare 42 o ff o S a 3 t . . Pera , , Fr n Ave , Bu al , N . Y t o o t Pe ers n , E . C M un ain Lake , Minn . S o t 3 Phelps , . M R u e , Creswell , N . C . Geo to t U . Pierce , . T Welling n , ah o a P well , Fr nk , Myndus , Va . Ro T Richards , y . , Temps , Ariz . o T Ol . d o . . R se , P . , D ck , N C H o o . . . R use , Leslie , R se Hill , N C S o t J o i aunders n , Wal er . , Magn l a , N . C . S B t 1 Ro o . awyer , Jas . . , R u e , y, Ala

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S . alem , N . C oo M S t t vi H ver , L . . , a es lle , N . C . O A Dick erd Huffman , . . , , Tenn . t Ingalls , Edward , Elmhurs , Wis .

as erian 1511 S . S t t S t J . S p , Markas , a e , yracuse , N . Y .

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o O . J nes , G . . , Fig , N . C B o Kimball , H . . , China Gr ve , N . C . t i o F . Kn wles , H . , Hun sv lle , Ala . r h ve ] 2422 K atoc R . S o , erry , . man e . , cag o . J H Av Chi , Ill J oe o t o Migie , , Fl ma n , Ala . E o to Migs , C . . , Fl ma n , Ala . E o o Mo . o rris , David , J nesb r , N . C . [ 178 ] A P P E N D I X

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t Pl ino t o o. Priva e Madrid , Jase , Augus a , C l o 417 S t i tt O o Mal ne , Clyde , Pike Mar e a , hi . t 472 S t t Mar elli , Frank , Pearle . , N . Y . Ci y . t A o t 4 to Mar in , Guy . , R u e , Gas nia , N . C . W o t 2 o t N Millis , G . . , R u e , Newp r , o J Mix n , A . . , Pineapple , Ala . o 112 2l s t St to - S N M rgan , Paul W . , Wins n alem . C . oo V o o o M ring , J . . , G ldsb r , N . C . h ott o o 30 S t S O o. M , Raym nd J seph , Auburn . , elby , hi

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S o t o B . t N. ec nd Lieu . Bradf rd , Zeb . , Hun erville , C .

i 12 t o N 0 t t A 0 o S . t . S . . F rs ergean Hundley , Wm . , D ck , Wilming n , S o L 20 o o o S t . 7 S t . upply ergean Berger n , H . , R xb r , Durham , N . C .

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o P o t 2 to N . Dickins n , William . , R u e , Washing n , . C o M o t o Buchann n , H . . , Buffal Junc i n , Va . S t T t mi h , James . , Win erville , N . C . t o t 3 t ] N Whi e , Charlie , R u e , Be he , . C . h M Aldridge , Hug . , Baldwyn , Miss . [ 180 ]

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tt . Ge ysburg , Pa F anns d al e Mansfield , Edgar , , Ala . W o Mercer , C . . , Elm re , Ala . k l no is e l J 1025 o . M s . . y, , Ly ns Ave , Birmingham , Ala M B rid e L on cu b c . C e S t . , E . , , Greenville , Ala . M u l e 5 Il c C a J 60 8 S S t o l . y, E . . , . Green . , Chicag , M D n l d l o c o a J . tt , Ear , Abb , Ark . M Ki n n e S S t Ore c . y, H . , is ers , . n l l Mc Lea J no . J 5748 o I , . , Racine Ave . , Chicag , . M M c k in no H o 4 l o c a J . . t S , , R u e , C ver, . C . Mc N abb W o o , Jas . . , Pr v , Tenn . M oo S t . . . Nan z , , M resville , C r era 09 109th t t O 3 . S . N g , Luigi , E , . Y . Ci y .

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o o C . N eal s vil l e Crawf rd , Ge rge , , N . C . A o to . o N r n , Edward , Mari n , N . C . o W Lakey , R land . . Cana , N . C . tt o J alm er M S Ma s n , . , Lead , . D . M 18 1 th t o t . 3 t 00 S . o t Baldwin , R ber , Wes , New Y rk Ci y . B o o o t Land , Harvey . , Greensb r , Pr ximi y , N . C . E n i tv oo . oe C . M re , James , Ph ix , Ala S t o L mi h , Th mas . , Advance , N . C . S R l luder , James . , A exander , N . C . o Walsh , Beauf rd G . R o t 14 S R I. T amsey , James , u e , evierville , enn . o o t tt W S o t C rp ral Bar le , Travis . , ilver P in , Tenn t R o t o . t Bri , R ssie , Lumber n , N . C . O H o Burns , scar . , Addis n , Ala . C arvall Ora t , , Cen ralia , Wash . o J o i Clark , J hn . , L uisv lle , Ark . o o o C dy , B yd C R binsville , N . C . oo Cumby , Flem , C ksville , Tenn . tt L o Davis , Emme . , Y rk , Ala . t t 24 s n t G 5 0 1 t . Garre , E hridge . , Ave , Birmi gham , Ala .

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M 615 t t i t 1s to . S t t S . Pr va e Class Blins n , Vern , Eas Franklin , par a , Wis .

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t o o t 92 Ervin ton N . Har k pf , R ber , Melvill e Place , g , . J Hefflefin er R o o t g , Clarence . , C manche , M n G 2 o t 59 6 S o t o S t o . H lmes , Ar hur . , u h Pe ria Chicag , Ill o t H l , Bennie , Harris , Ala . D 185 o t Hunkins , Lyle . , Bx . , H llis er , Cal . o to Ivey , Furman , Pr c rville , N . C . t o W o Jacques , Henry E Grani e Can n , y . O M Mt o Jenkins , lin . , . H pe , Ala . o o t F W o J hns n , Ernes . , Laramie , y . N o o o C . tt J hns n , J seph , Faye eville , . C . o o o B o t 2 J hns n , L uis . , R u e , Danville , Ala . o E S o t J nes , Charlie . , u h Bend , Wash . E o t 1 o N 0 Keck , James . , R u e , R ckcreek , . . o J o o Kelly , R land . , Wadesb r , N . C .

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on C Nas h \ i ll e 0 . Le ard , Richard . , , N . o R o Leslie , J hn . , Pacific Gr ve , Cal .

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T o o ri t . P va e h mps n , Herman , Greenville , Ala W o o o o . Th mps n , Har ld , Wilkesville , Ohi . t 89 S eu r t Tiede , Augus , Bx . , Les , Cen er , Minn . 1 s o o 87 21 t S t . oo T rre , J seph , , Br klyn , N . Y . o Mt T wnsend , Vander , . Ida , Ark . t o t Treece , Mar in L P r er , N . C .

t t H . o o Whi e , Dewi , Bladenb r , N . C . t C Al a o . Whi e , Jas . . , Addis n , oo o t 1 o W d , Jack , R u e , Addis n , Ala . T o Wylie , Benj . . , Mari n , N . C .

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t O ak s mith t t Cap ain , Vincen , Wes Palm Beach , Fla . i t t to F rs Lieu . Andrews , Claude F Wilming n , N . C . Ro o S bins n , Wm . A Easley , . C . ro obt E o S B wnlee , R . . , Anders n , . C . T 205 oo Tr o t Lesslie, Chas . M . . , Hazelw d . , R ches er S o L t W o S 0 ec nd ieu . Hardee , Furman . , C nway , . . S o t o B ec nd Lieu . Ayc ck , Wm . . , Warsaw , N . C . Mu elb er er 02 t t t S o t 5 S . o . ec nd Lieu . g , Frederick , Wes , Wilming n , Del

S t M t LaPort N ergean Wike , Melas . , Eas , . C . K o t . Wils n , Augus us , Asheville , N . C . R m L r s s m re o C a o . Vance , . , , N C . o A o t 1 o Mo Nail , Le nard . , R u e , Mine la , . S o S i imps n , Wiley . , Glen Alp ne , N . C . O Pangle , Jas . . , Barbers Creek , N . C .

C . Garland , Cecil . , Tuskegee , N C . o t t B M n ei h , Harley . , Bushnell , N . C . t im D o o S . t R ber s , , R ber s , Miss .

o C . o t Hamby , D uglas , Black M un ain , N . C .

Geo. S Reep , . , Glen Alpine , N . C . o A El l i o N Price , Mari n . , j y, . C . S J . pivey , Ardel , Asheville , N . C .

Geo W . o o Barnes , . , M rris n , Tenn . J u H t o . . t . . Childers , , Whi ier , N C B o o o t t . C rp ral Ba es , Andrew . , Beards wn , Tenn

t . Ba es , Jim , Childersburg , Ala B l oc kert H o y, David . , C lumbiana , Ala . M o S . Brys n , Harley . , ylvia , N C . W tt o o . Bu s , Al nz . , Leads , Ala W t Childers , Carl . , Eras us , N . C . Wm tto . S o . Cr sse , , panaway , Wash o o Daniels , Am s M Wils nville , Ala . W o S Geo . . Eleazer , . , C lumbia , . C W 1 th t o 28 9 S . o o . 5 . F rd , Th mas , , C lumbus Ga t B o Graham , Wal er . , G dwin , N . C . oo o C T u ck as s e ee H per , Ll yd . , g , N . C .

oo O ru . H per , , Glenville , N . C

Hu att J u o E . . , . , Weaverville , N C . W Jarvis , Frank . , Mars Hill , N . C .

o t C . . L we , Ar hur , Carey , N . C o o 600 o St Maj r , R g er Q . , C llege . , Birmingham , Ala . W o W o to . . Miller , Clay n , Glend , y o o H 2 th W 8 0 6 S . M ss , Ll yd . , Ave . , Puyallup , Wash . G S t o t . t Muse , R b . , a esville , N . C . 6 4 th t t 33 5 S t . . t Na ale , Pa sey , E . , N Y . Ci y .

J . Newman , Willie , Leasburg , N . C . [ 194 ] A P P E N D I X

l O - Lu f o o . O . t C rp ra Queen , Jas , cana y, N . C . 936 t ew S . N O Reid , Ivan , Pe ers Ave . , rleans , La . S t hepherd , Wm . D Lea herman , N . C . S t O W 1 30 th . 7 8 Al a mi h , swald , Ave . , N . Birmingham . S o Geo F O rensen , . . , vid , Idah o . o M t o . Tayl r , Jas . . , Tren n , Tenn o o E to - S Tayl r , Raym nd . , Wins n alem , N . C .

o S t H . Ore Th mas , anley , Gable , . o o tt Ro Th mps n , Ma hew , y, Wash . o o e r n Weaver , M nr e , Merc , Te n . oo E S N C k Ellis , Claude . , pruce Pine , . C . G y er o N t ro C . Gran , , F rney , . C . t i S . Lain , Claude , Be hel pr ngs , Tenn Mc C u l l or S , Dewey , elma , Tenn . o t U Mechanic Dear , R ber , riah , Ala . o A M ck , Charles . , Andalusia , Ala .

Presler , Frank , Peach Land , N . C . P Russell , Richard . , Albemarle , N . C . u s ol vo o 26 t M i o 8 S t t S . o Bugler , L renz , a e , Chicag , Ill . t l s t T tt Priva e Class Adams , Virgin . , Faye eville , Ala . M S Alley , Felix . , peedwell , N . C . o J u o B B yles , . . , Frankl in , Ala . Z o o o . C llins , Al nz , Helena , Ala . B o . o S Davis , L uis , R ck Hill , . C . A 22 S . 2 5 2d . Davis , amuel , Ave , Birmingham , Ala . to o E 345 t Dea n , Har ld . , Bx . , Eas Durham , N . C . o t i Eddins , R b . , Perane H ll , Ala . o to o Edmunds n , Dal n , B az , Ala . A o to Elkins , Wm . . , M ul n , Ala . t A S t o T E heridge , Dudley . , . J seph , enn . Genr J no H t y, . . , Millsi e , Ala .

t K . o to oo . G dle , David , M ul n , Ala W 612 17th S t Greer , Jas . . , N . . , Birmingham , Ala . S i Harris , Harry . , Lake Land ng , N . C . t T S to - t 1036 t t . S Hauser , Cu hber . , Liber y , Wins n alem ,

T Haynes , Lucius . , Waynesville , N . C . o t E to - S H lder , Eras us . , Wins n alem , N . C . t B o Geo . o S D or o nner , , Tab r , . . , Nashua , M n . L o o o t . o to o Jac bs n , Ar hur , Bl ming n , Idah . o o Ge o T 4310 S to h o J hns n , . . , N . acramen Ave C icag , Ill .

R . S Ore Lee , Archie , alem , . t o L Mt O Mar in , Fl y . , . live , N . C . t W Maynard , Lu her . , Carey , N . C . t R t O ak Melvin , Bar . , Whi e , N . C . E o o tt o t . . Merri , R b , Greensb r , Ga . t H S S Mi chell , Jas . . , aluda , . C . t R o S Mi chell , Wm . . , Dys n , . C . o B al l ie E f M rris , . , Fair Blu f , N . Mc C au l l e Ro t y, b . E . O l s an i 4125 o Ill , W lmer C N . Harding Ave . , Chicag , .

t o S ott . Pa e , D ck . , Charl e , N . C

tt G. o Pla , Harry , Euf la , N . C .

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t . S t 505 o . lane , Pe er , C lumbus Ave , N . Y . Ci y S L H ot S 0 t to . . an n , Chas . , prings , N . l ee t o B u r M . . . Terry , , Burling n , N C

ott H. S . Tr er , Rufus , Ward , C . t Actan L el u ria S . Priva e , Frank . , , Ala ' M n eval o S o F o t . Allen , ime n . , , Ala [ 19 5 ] R O S T E R 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

‘ t o S A o Priva e Anders n , wen . , Y rkville , Ill . t o o A kins , Mack , Wadesb r , N . C . D a o o t o 0 . A kins n , Charl ie . , W desb r , N . o o Baldwin , B nnie , Gibs nville , N . C . o J o o t Banks , Am s . , C mf r , N . C . o t 1 14 o Barber , Levi , R u e , Bx . , Bens n , Ala . tt t t Benne , Alber , Pe aluma , Cal . W o o J u o . Bl ck , . , Henders n , N . C . t A o t . Br hers , Lu her , Vine , Va . o t Br wn , Wal er , Mexia , Ala . to to - S N Bun n , Will , Wins n alem , . C . o C t o C le , Abe . , Ci r nelle . o to N C ley , Isaac J Max n , . C . o o M S C llins , H ward . , helbyville , Tenn . o Cranf rd , Jim , Albemarle , N . C . o t n R D ugh ry , Clare ce . , Climas , N . C . Tom U David , , riah , Ala . H Davis , Alfred . , Haleyville . o o Daws n , Wm . C T wn Creek , Ala . m Doomas F . Dennis , , Albe arle , N . C . E Dudley , Asa . , Gerard , Ala . to J u o G S Edrin g n , . . , Blairs , . C . o t L Evers , T lber . , Pineapple , Ala .

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R tt . Harris , Harvey . , Ki rell , N C . o to Geo A O S t H r n , . . , aky reak , Ala . W o S o . H well , Jas . . , n w Hill , N C . a 25 o to o H o J . 0 . J cks n , Ralph , B s n Ave , Medf rd illside Mass .

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tt A O o . 0 La a , Eric . , xf rd , N . L L tt o t t . i le , R b . . , The a , N C . o to L cklear , Chas . , Max n , N . C . o N o Madsen , Le nard . , Gray , Idah .

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Medlin , Jas . C . M o eier , Zena , Chicag , Ill . N oo t H . . M re , Bar ram . , Tar Heel , C Mo R o o t t . . re , Wal er . , Wals nburg , N C 1 E 4 h t t 3 1 6t S . Murphy , Michael , . , N . Y . Ci y .

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R O S T E R 3 2 1 S T I N F A N T R Y

o o o . B . o t S C rp ral Br wn , Benj , F un ain Inn , . C . o o tt Clark , L nnie , Cr sse , Ark . o o E t S C mer , R yal . , Filber , . C . E tres s t , Claude , Vincen , Ala . ’ Geo F t S Garner , . . , Traveler s Res , . C . Griffis t C o tt , Edgar , care ey urni ure . , ra it a . A K F P C y , Al t R R ou te l 58 Hall , Wal er . , , Bx . , Hayesville, N . C .

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S o . imm ns , Dee , Glenmary , Ala

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