LABORATORY SAFETY PLAN

CHEMICAL SAFETY

GENERAL INFORMATION

PART 1. DATING

All chemicals and biologicals used by a laboratory must be properly labeled. The label should include:

a. Chemical or Biological name b. Concentration or titer (if applicable) c. Storage requirements d. Date opened or prepared e. Expiration date

PART 2. TRANSPORTING

In order to avoid spills of hazardous chemicals or chemicals with obnoxious fumes in the elevators or corridors, ALL liquid chemicals of 1000 ml or larger volume must be carried on a lab cart while being moved from the storeroom or between sections of the laboratory. Only freight elevators will be used for transporting flammable, toxic, or hazardous materials.

PART 3. SAFETY PUBLICATIONS

The list of chemicals discussed on the following pages include many of the potentially hazardous ones used in the laboratories. Many more chemicals are described in the Safety Data Sheets. You are urged to consult Safety Data Sheets before working with unfamiliar or new chemicals.

Safety Data Sheets contain recommendations for (1) cleaning up chemical spills and (2) disposing of used or obsolete chemicals. They also contain lists of chemicals which (1) should be refrigerated, (2) should not be stored close together, and (3) can produce hazardous reactions.

WORKING WITH CHEMICALS

Precautions to be taken when working with various materials are dictated by their particular nature and the nature of the operation being carried out. However, there are general rules which apply to common laboratory procedures and chemicals.

PART 1. ACIDS a. Wear appropriate eye, face, and head protection, i.e., splash proof goggles or face shield and rubber gloves. b. When diluting concentrated acids, ADD THE ACID TO THE WATER. There is usually a lot of heat evolved; so do this slowly with continuous stirring. Use a container which can tolerate rapid heating (e.g. a heavy duty beaker rather than a thick glass bottle, etc.) c. Do all pouring of concentrated Hydrochloric and/or Nitric acids in a well ventilated hood. d. Keep acids off skin and protect eyes. If acids are spilled on skin, wash immediately with large amounts of water. Keep a supply of sodium bicarbonate on hand, in areas where acids are frequently used, to neutralize spills.

PART 2. ALKALIES

Alkalies can burn the skin and eyes severely before one is aware of damage. They react with the oils in the skin to form soaps. They are as corrosive to tissue as acids, in some cases more so. Use an effective fume removal device to protect respiratory tract against alkali dust, droplets, or vapor. Flush affected areas with copious amount of water.

PART 3. ORGANIC SOLVENTS

Almost all are flammable, and many are quite toxic when inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Use an effective vapor removal system and take precautions against igniting flammable vapors.

PART 4. HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS

ACETIC ACID OR ANHYDRIDE – Reacts vigorously with oxidizers. Fumes extremely irritating.

ACETONE – Inhalation of vapor may cause dizziness, narcosis and coma. The liquid irritates the eyes and may cause severe damage. If swallowed may cause gastric irritation, necrosis and coma.

ACETONITRILE – Toxic. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. HCN is liberated on contact with acid.

ALUMINUM CHLORIDE, ANHYDROUS - Severe irritant to eye, skin and mucous membranes. May be self-reactive; after long storage of aluminum chloride in closed containers, and explosion may occur when the container is opened. May react violently with ethylene, nitrobenzene, phenol, nitromethane, perchloryl fluoride, benzene, sodium, potassium, oxygen difluoride, allyl chloride, water, and ethylene oxide. Thermal decomposition may release corrosive fumes of hydrogen chloride or toxic chlorine gas. ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE – Mildly irritating to eyes, skin mucous membranes and respiratory tract. Incompatible with chlorinated rubber, bismuth hydroxide plus hydrogen.

3 – AMINO-9-ETHYLCARBAZOLE – Irritant to skin and eyes. Incompatible with chlorinated solvents and inorganic solvents.

AMMONIA OR AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE – Extremely caustic liquid and vapor. Protect skin, eyes and lungs. Forms explosive compounds with many heavy metals and their salts.

AMINES – Extremely toxic; also skin irritant

AMPHETAMINE-D% - CNS stimulant, exposure may lead to physical dependence.

N-AMYLALCOHOL – Is an eye, mucous membrane, and skin irritant and central nervous system depressant. Poisoning may affect the liver and kidneys. May react violently with hydrogen trisulfide, or oxidizing materials. Thermal decomposition may release toxic oxides of carbon.

ANILINE – Highly toxic when absorbed through skin, inhaled or swallowed. Vapors form explosive mixture with air.

ARSENIC AND ARSENIC COMPOUNDS – Highly toxic when ingested. Often fatal. Frequent exposure to dust or vapors leads to skin and digestive disorders.

AZIDES – Reacts with any acid to form Hydrogen Azide.

BENZIDINE – Readily absorbed through skin; suspected of causing bladder cancer.

BROMINE – Glass containers may break if not handled cautiously because of high density. Extremely corrosive.

BUTANOL – Eye, skin, and mucous membrane irritant, central nervous system depressant. Persons with a history of chronic respiratory or skin disease may be at increased risk from exposure.

BSTFA – (N,O-BIS-(Trimethylsily) Trifluoro-acetamide) – Skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant, Possible inhalation hazard. Suspect mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.

CARBON TETRACHLORIDE – Reacts violently with alkali metals. Toxic. May decompose to phosgene when heated strongly. Use effective fume-removal device.

CARMINE – An eye irritant. It appears to be relatively low in toxicity but occasionally may harbor Salmonella Cabuna. Cases of Salmonellosis have been reported after exposure to Carmine. Carmine dust may be irritating to mucous membranes. My be irritating to the eyes. Thermal decomposition may release toxic oxides of carbon. May be ignited by heat or flames. Container may explode in heat of fire. CHLOROFORM – Can be harmful if inhaled. Forms phosgene when heated to decomposition. Can react explosively with A1, Li, Na, Mg, or K. NOTE: Do not dry with sodium

CHROMIC ACID CLEANING SOLUTION – Extremely corrosive. Can react explosively with organics. Be especially cautious about drips and splashes when cleaning glassware. Wear goggles or face shields and heavy rubber gloves. Use only when other means for cleaning glassware do not clean.

CRESOLS – Rapid action on skin requiring prompt cleaning with water and isopropyl alcohol

CYANIDES – Cyanides reacts with acids to form highly toxic HCN gas. Keep cyanide solutions alkaline.

CYANOGEN BROMIDE – Highly toxic by inhalation and ingestion. Strong irritant to skin and eyes.

CYCLOHEXANE – Irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory system; the inhalation of high concentrations may cause narcosis.

DBQ (2,6 DIbromon-N-Chloro—Benzoquinoneimine) – Skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant. Thermal decomposition may release highly toxic fumes of Hydrogen Bromide.

DICHLORODIFULOROMETHANE – Can cause light headedness, dizziness, shortness of breath, possible narcosis, possible cardiac arrhythmias at high concentrations . If inhaled, remove to fresh air, call a physician, DO NOT GIVE EPINEPHRINE OR SIMILAR DRUGS. Avoid flames or high temperatures. Can decompose to hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid, possible carbonyl fluoride

DIETHYLAMINE – Highly flammable. Violent reaction with strong acids and their anhydrides. Skin, eye and mucous membrane irritant.

DIMETHYL FORMAMIDE – Irritant to skin, eyes. Incompatible with chlorinated solvents and inorganic nitrates.

DIPHENYLAMINE – Skin, eye and mucous membrane irritant. Systemic effects from diphenylamine poisoning include irritation of the bladder, liver, kidney, spleen and cardiac damage. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers or acids. Thermal decomposition may release toxic oxides of nitrogen.

DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE – Skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant, central nervous system depressant. Will explode on contact with perchloric acid.

DMB (N,N – Dimethyl Formanide) – Combustible. Toxic through skin absorption. Vapors are irritation to skin, eyes and mucous membranes

EOSIN Y – May irritate the eyes, skin and mucous membranes. Thermal decomposition may release corrosive hydrogen bromide. ETHERS – Has low flash point, low ignition temperature, a wide explosion concentration range. Vapor air mixtures are explosive. Upon storage, may form peroxides which are sensitive to heat or shock. Chronic inhalation of vapors results in anorexia, exhaustion, headache, drowsiness, dizziness, jaundice, liver damage and increase susceptibility to ethanol. Mild irritant to skin and eyes.

FORMALDEHYDE – Exposure to high concentrations may cause skin irritation and inflammation of eyes and lungs. Use skin protection and effective fume removal device. Reacts with HCL forming Bis(Chloromethyl) ether, a potent carcinogen.

FORMIC ACID – Severe eye, mucous membrane, and skin irritant, and a skin sensitizer. Persons with a history of chronic respiratory or skin disease may be at an increased risk from exposure. Reacts violently with bases and strong oxidants.

GLYCERINE – Mild skin and eye irritant. Explosive reactions can occur if mixed with Nitric Acid, Sulfuric Acid, Chlorine, Perchloric acid and strong oxidizers.

HEPTANE – Acute exposure may cause labored breathing drowsiness, confusion, respiratory tract irritation. Chronic or prolonged exposure may cause symptoms of acute poisoning including central nervous system depression and unconsciousness. Skin and eye irritant. Flammable, potential explosion hazard.

HEPTYL ALCOHOL – Is an eye, mucous membrane and skin irritant. Poisoning may affect the central nervous system. The use of alcoholic beverages enhances the toxic effects. Violent reactions occur with strong oxidizers. Thermal decomposition may release toxic oxides of carbon.

HEXANE – Fume neurotoxic. Irritating to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Violet reactions with strong oxidizers. Flammable.

HEXYL ALCOHOL – Irritant to mucous membranes, eyes, and skin. Thermal decomposition or burning may produce carbon monoxide and/or .

HYDROCHLORIC ACID – Extremely irritating to mucous membranes and eyes. Acute exposure to skin will cause severe pain and deep burns. Explosive reactions with Sulfuric Acid, Perchloric Acid.

HYDROFLUORIC ACID – Extremely irritating to the eyes. Cause painful sores on the skin, usually not notices until the next day.

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (30%) – Causes severe burns, characterize by a whitening of the skin. Allow it to dry on organic material, paper or cloth, can lead to spontaneous combustion.

IODINE – Severe pulmonary and skin irritant and skin sensitizer. Poisoning may affect the cardiovascular system.

MBTFA (N-Methyl-Bis-Trifluoracetamide) – Flammable. Irritating to skin, eyes, mucous membranes. React with water in a relatively nonviolent manner to vigorous. METHYLENE CHLORIDE – Repeat exposure to concentrations from 500 – 3600 ppm for one year has caused toxic encephalosis with hearing and visual delusions and hallucinations. Liver damage is possible. Skin irritant may cause severe burns. Direct contact with eyes may cause pain and extreme irritation. Irritant to mucous membranes. Flammable, incompatible with strong oxidizers.

MERCURY – Vapors are toxic and cumulative. Regard spills as hazardous and clean up promptly. Use only in locations where any spill an be readily and thoroughly cleaned up. Keep containers closed when not in use.

2 – METHYLBUTANE – Skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant. It is absorbed by inhalation and ingestion, and large amounts may affect the central nervous system. Dust/vapors may form explosive mixtures with air or light. Thermal decomposition may release toxic oxides of carbon.

NITRIC ACID – Reacts vigorously or explosively with some organic. Gaseous nitrogen oxides (brown fumes) evolved from nitric acid can cause severe delayed lung damage. Use a fume hood for all nitric acid digestions.

OXALIC ACID – It is a severe eye, mucous membrane, and skin irritant, convulsant neurotoxin and nephrotoxin. Persons with a history of chronic respiratory, kidney, and skin disease or convulsive disorders may be at an increased risk from exposure. Contact with compounds may from explosive silver salt. has been found to react explosively with chlorites and hydrochlorites.

PERACETIC ACID – Sharp, pungent vapor severely irritating to eyes, not, throat and skin. Direct contact will cause severe burns. This product initiates or promotes combustion in other materials causing fire to itself or through release of oxygen.

PERCHLORIC ACID – Contact with oxidizable or combustible materials or with dehydrating or reducing agents can result in fire or explosion. Persons using this acid should be thoroughly familiar with it hazards.

a. Remove spilled HC104 immediately by washing with large amounts of water.

b. Hoods, ducts, and other devices used for removing HC104 vapors should be chemically inert and designed so that they can be thoroughly washed down with water.

c. Avoid use of organic chemicals in hoods employed for HC104 digestions

d. In we digestions with HC104, treat samples first with HN03 to destroy easily oxidizable organic matter. DO NOT EVAPORATE TO DRYNESS.

e. Contact of perchloric acid with strong dehydrating agents may result in formation of explosive anhydrous HC104, which is extremely sensitive to shock.

PEROXIDES – Incompatible with acids (organic or mineral); avoid friction, rough handling and jarring. Store cold. PETROLEUM ETHER – Inhalation of high concentrations of the vapor can cause intoxication, headache, nausea, and coma. The liquid irritate the eyes and skin contact results in defatting of the area of contact, increasing the risk of dermatitis from other agents. If taken by mouth, they may cause burning sensation, vomiting, diarrhea and drowsiness.

PHENOL OR CARBOLIC ACID – Produces severe skin burns. When heated, produces flammable vapors which are explosive when mixed with air.

PHENCYCLINDINE – D5 – Exposure to phencyclidine may result in severe psychologic disturbances.

PHOSPHORUS PENTOXIDE – May react violently with water creating fire and explosion hazard

PICRIC ACID – Do not agitate or shake the container

PHOSPHORUS PENTOXIDE – May react violently with water creating fire and explosion hazard.

POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL - Irritant to skin, eyes and mucous membranes.

POTASSIUM CYANIDE – Skin irritant and highly toxic, rapidly acting chemical asphyxiant by all routes of exposure. Stable under normal conditions. Violent or explosive reaction with oxidizers. Concentrated solutions are strongly basic, and react violently with acids. Decomposes readily in acids, evolving highly toxic and highly flammable Hydrogen Cyanide and toxic oxides of Nitrogen.

POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE – Severe eye, mucous membrane and skin irritant.

POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE MONOBASIC – Eye, mucous membrane and skin irritant. Thermal decomposition may release highly toxic fumes of phosphorous oxides.

PYRIDINE – Causes skin inflammation, headaches, irritation of respiratory tract.

8-Quinolinol – Possible carcinogenic, moderately toxic via oral and inhalation routes.

SODIUM AZIDE – Can react with copper or lead plumbing systems to produce explosive metal azide. Skin irritant with prolonged contact.

SODIUM BARTITAL – Can cause drowsiness, lethargy, skin eruptions, nausea and vomiting. Large doses cause marked depression (sometimes preceded by excitation), coma, and death. When heated to decomposition, toxic fumes such as nitrogen oxides are emitted.

SODIUM (DI) ETHYLENEDIAMINE TETRAACETATE – Skin, eye, respiratory tract and mucous membrane irritant. The substance has a defatting affect when applied to the skin.

SODIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC - Strong eye, mucous membrane and skin irritant. May be corrosive toward metals. Thermal decomposition products may include toxic oxides or phosphorus and toxic sodium oxide. SODIUM HYDROXIDE – Solid material or concentrated solutions can cause severe burns. Protect skin and eyes. Spills on one’s skin feel greasy. It reacts exothermically with water releasing corrosive fumes of sodium hydroxide.

SULFURIC ACID – ALWAYS ADD SULFURIC ACID TO WATER WHE DILUTING – Very corrosive to skin. Wear eye, face and hand protection to guard against splashes. Severe irritant to eyes, pulmonary tract and skin. Violent exothermic reaction with water and organic materials.

TETRACHLOROETHANE – The vapor irritates the eyes, nose and lungs and may cause drowsiness, giddiness and headache and, in high concentrations, unconsciousness. Assumed to be poisonous if taken by mouth. Chronic effects: Continuous breathing of low concentrations of vapors over a period may cause jaundice by action of the liver; it may also affect the nervous system and blood.

TETRAHYDROFURAN – Flammable, vapor air mixtures are explosive. Skin, eyes, and mucous membrane irritant. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers.

TRICHLOROACETIC ACID – Severely irritates the eyes and skin, producing blisters after a latent period. Assumed to cause severe irritation and damage if taken by mouth.

TRIFLUORACETIC ANHYDRIDE – The vapors irritate the eyes and respiratory system. The liquids burn the eyes and quickly penetrate the skin to cause deep seated burns. Assumed to cause severe irritation damage if taken by mouth. There is not reported toxic effects due to the presence of the fluorine as in the case of highly toxic fluoroacetic acid.

XYLENE - Mild eye and mucous membrane irritant, a primary skin irritant and central nervous system depressant. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

PART 5. PEROXIDIZABLE MATERIALS

Peroxidizable materials are potentially more dangerous because of explosions of fires that may result from their mishandling. Although not all peroxidizable compounds have been proven to be hazardous, they all should be handled with caution. The following classes of compounds may form peroxides on storage:

CLASS COMPOUND

Ethers Diethyl ether, Carbitol

Acetals

Alcohols Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol, Butanol, Octanol, Especially Sec-Alcohols Ethylene Glycol, Glycerol, Isopropyl alcohol, Iso- amyl alcohol Alkynes

Aldehydes Anisaldehyde, Formaldehyde Furfural

Ketones Acetone

Amides Chloramine T

Ureas

Alkali metals Especially Potassium

Alkali metal alkoxides and amides

Others Ethyl acetate, Isoamyl acetate, Dioxane

All Peroxidizable materials must bear an appropriate warning label, noting the date of receipt and the date on which the container was first opened. Six months after opening, discard or test and destroy peroxide.

PART 6 INCOMPATIBLE CHEMICALS

Separate storage areas are to be provided for incompatible chemicals, that is, chemicals which may react together to generate toxic gases or start fires and explosions. Following is a list, but not a complete list, of chemicals which are considered incompatible:

CHEMICALS AVOID CONTACT OR STORING WITH THESE

Acetic Acid Chromic Acid, Nitric Acid, Hydroxyl containing compounds, Ethylene Glycol, Perchloric Acid, Peroxides, and Permanganates

Acetic Anhydride Water

Acetone Mixtures Concentrated Nitric and Sulfuric Acid

Acetylene Chlorine, Bromine, Copper, Silver, Fluorine, and Mercury

Alkaline metals, Carbon Dioxide, carbon Tetrachloride and other Chlorinated Hydrocarbons. Also, prohibit water, foam and dry chemical on such as Sodium Potassium, Cesium, fires involving these metals. Lithium Magnesium, Calcium and Aluminum Aluminum or Aluminum Alloy Ammonium Persulphate and Water, organic compounds in (especially powder) Nitrate/Nitrate salt baths, Chlorates or Nitrates

Ammonia (Anhydrous) Mercury, Chlorine, Calcium hypochlorite, Iodine, Bromine, Hydrogen Fluoride, and any mineral acids

Aniline Nitric Acid, Hydrogen Peroxide

Bismuth and its Alloys Perchloric Acid

Bromine Ammonia, Acetylene, Butadiene, Butane, and other Petroleum gases, Hydrogen, Sodium Carbide,Turpentine, Benzene, and finely divided Metals Calcium Hypochloride Acids, moisture

Calcium oxide Water

Carbon, activated Calcium hypohchlorite, all oxidizing agents

Chlorates Ammonium salts, Acids, Metal Powders, Sulfur, finely divided organic or combustible materials

Chlorine Ammonia (especially anhydrous) Acetylene, Butadiene, Butane, and other Petroleum Gases, Hydrogen, Sodium Carbide, Turpentine, Benzene, and fine metal granules, powders or dust

Chlorine Dioxide Ammonia, Methane, Phosphine, and Hydrogen Sulfide (or Peroxide)

Chromic acid Acetic acid, Naphtalene, Camphor, Glycerine, Turpentnine, (Chromium Trioxide) Alcohol, and other flammable liquids

Copper Acetylene, Hydrogen Peroxide

Cyanides Any Acids, Nitrates, Molten Potassium or Sodium Salts

Flammable Liquids Ammonium Nitrate, Chromic Acid, Hydrogen Peroxide, Nitrate Acid, Sodium Peroxide, Halogens

Fluorine Isolate from everything

Hydrazine Hydrogen Peroxide, Nitritic Acid, and any other oxidant

Hydrocarbons Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Chromic Acid, Sodium (Benzene, Butane, Propane, peroxide Gasoline, Turpentine, etc)

Hydrochloric Acid Nitric Acid, Chlorates, other Oxidizing Agents, common metals

Hydrocyanic Acid Nitric acid or Alkalies (Prussic Acid)

Hydrofluoric Acid, Anhydrous Ammonia, aqueous or anhydrous Hydrogen Fluoride

Hydrogen Peroxide Copper, Chromium, Iron, most metals or their salts, any Flammable liquids, combustible materials, Aniline, Nitromethane

Hydrogen Sulfide Fuming Nitric Acid or Oxidizing gases

Hydroxide Water, acids, flammable liquids, organic halogens, metals (especially aluminum, tin and zinc), Nitromethane, and Nitro compounds Iodine Acetylene, Ammonia (anhydrous or aqueous)

Liquid oxygen or air Fine metal dusts, most organic materials

Lithium Water, acids

Mercury Acetylene, Fluminic acid, Ammonia

Mercuric Oxide Sulfur

Nitric acid (concentrated) Hydrocyanic Acid and Fulminates, Picrates, Chlorates, Turpentine, Carbides, Metallic Powders, Acetic Acid, Aniline, Chromic Acid, Hydrogen Sulfide, Flammable Liquids, flammable gases, and Nitritable substances

Nitrates Stannous Chloride, Esters, Phosphorous, Sodium Acetate, Zinc Powder

Nitrites Potassium or Sodium Cyanide, Water

Nitroparaffins Inorganic bases or amines

Oleum (Fuming Sulfuric) Water

Oxalic Acid Silver, Mercury

Oxidizers Most Metal Powders, Ammonium Salts, finely divided organic such as sugar, flammable liquids, acids, sulfides, sulfites (Perchlorates, Peroxides,Pemanganates, Persulfates, Perborates, Nitrates, Halogens, Chlorates, Bromates, Iodates, Conc. Sulfuric, Conc. Nitric, Chromic Acid)

Oxygen Oils, grease, hydrogen, flammable liquids, solids, or gases (compressed or liquid)

Perchloric Acid Acetic Anhydride, Bismuth and its Alloys, Alcohols, Paper, Wood, any Dehydrating Agents

Peroxides Combustibles, Magnesium, Zinc, or Aluminum Powders

Phosphorous (white) Air or oxygen

Picric acid Metals and Ammonia; do not agitate

Potassium Water, lower aliphatic alcohols

Potassium Ferricyanide Haloen with Ammonia

Potassium Permanganate Glycerine, Ethylene glycol, Benzaldehyde, Sulfluric Acid, Alcohols, Ether, Flammable gases, Combustible materials

Silver Acetylene, Oxalic Acid, Tartaric Acid, Fulminic Acid, and Ammonium compounds

Sodium Chlorite Combustible materials, Sulfur acids

Sodium Nitrate Ammonium nitrate and other Ammonium Salts

Sodium Peroxide Any Oxidazable substance, such as Ethanol, Methanol, Glacial Acetic Acid, Acetic Anhydride, Benzaldehyde, Carbon Disulide, Glycerol, Ethylene Glycol, Ethyl Acetate, Methyl Acetate, and Furfural

Sulfur Chlorates, Nitrates, and Ether oxidants

Sulfuric acid Sulfides, Nitrates, Nitrites, Fluorides, Bromides, Iodides, Fulminates, Saltpeter, Metallic Powders, Carbides, Picrates, Chlorates, Perchlorates, Permanganates, and other combustible materials

Water Alkali metals and Oxides, Alkali metal hydrides, Sulfuric Acid, Oleum, Sulfur Trioxide, Phosphorus Pentachloride, Phosphorus Oxychloride, Acetyl Chloride, Phosphorus Pentoxide

Zinc Acids, Sodium Hydroxide, Potassium Hydroxides, and Moisture

Zerconium Do not use water, Carbon Tetrachloride, Foam or dry Chemical extinguishers on Zerconium fires

PART 7. FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS CLASSIFICATION

Flash Point: The temperature below which is a solvent may be used or stored in open containers without formation of explosive vapor air mixture

Boiling Point: The temperature at which a liquid’s vapor pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure at its surface.

FLAMMABLE COMBUSTIBLE

Class 1A Class 1B Class 1C Class II Class III

Flash Point oF <73oF <73oF 73-100oF 100-140oF 140-200oF

Boiling Pont oF <100oF <100oF

Maximum Allowable Containers Sizes:

Glass 1 pt. 1 1 qt. 1 1 gal. 1 gal. 5 gal

Metal or approved plastic 1 gal. 5 gal.2 5 gal.2 5 gal.2 5 gal.2

Safety cans 2 gal. 5 gal.2 5 gal. 2 5 gal. 2 5 gal. 2

Metal Drums 5 gal. 2 5 gal.2 5 gal.2 60 gal.2 60 gal.2

(Dot. Spec.)

1 = Sizes as large as 1 gallon may be used if needed and if the required liquid purity would be adversely affected by storage in metal or if the liquid would cause excessive corrosion of the metal container

2 = In laboratories, no container for Class I or Class II liquids shall exceed a capacity of 1 gallon, except that safety cans may be of 2 gallons capacity. Exceptions: Drums of up to and including 60 gallons capacity are permitted in approved flammable storage rooms.

PART 8. FLASH AND BOILING POINTS OF SOME COMMONLY USED ORGANIC SOLVENTS

CHEMICAL Flash Point Boiling Point Classified as Combustible ° F ° F Flammable Acetone 0 134 IB Acetonitrile 42 179 IB

Aniline 158 364 III

Benzene 12 176 IB n-Butyl Alcohol 84 243 IC

Carbon Disulfide -22 115 IB

Cyclohexane -4 179 IB

Diethylamine 20 134 IB

Dioxane 54 214 IB

Ethanol 24 171 IB

Ethanol, denatured 56-61 173 IB

Ether, Pruified -49 IA

Ethyl Acetate 24 171 IB

Ethyl Ether -49 95 IA

Ethylene Glycol 232 387 III-B

Hexane -7 156 IB

Isopropyl Alcohol 53 181 IB

Methyl Ethyl Ketone 20 IB

2-Propanol 53 IB

Tetrahydrofuran 6 IB

Toluene, ACS 40 IB

Xylene, ACS 81 IC