Augusta Savage and Enzo Torcoletti

LYAS What is Sculpture?

● Sculpture is a medium of three-dimensional art that forms an image or representation of something through hard or plastic materials. ● Materials we use in sculpture can vary: clay, plaster, wood, metals like bronze or steel, glass, or various forms of stone. ● The forms we create can have various textures, shapes and lines that can contribute to the movement of the piece. In sculpture, we have terms to describe this: ○ Dynamic forms convey an illusion of movement and change ○ Static forms appear stationary and still, there is a lack of movement. Static forms vs. Dynamic forms Process in Sculpture

● Additive Sculpture refers to when you create a form by adding on materials, like putting an arm on a clay vase. ● Subtractive Sculpture refers to when you create a form by taking away materials, like carving or creating a relief. ○ Relief: a sculptural technique where the sculpted elements remain attached to a solid background of the same material. A High Relief is raised considerably, so there is more carved away, and a Bas Relief is only raised a little, so less is carved away. ○ There is also a Sunken Relief, which the forms are carved in low relief, but set within a sunken area, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. Additive Sculpture Low (Bas) Relief High Relief Sunken Relief Petra, Jordan Molds and Casting in Sculpture:

● Other methods for sculpture include casting, in which the artist creates a mold of their design. ● They then take whatever medium they are using (one can use plaster, ceramics or liquified metals like bronze) and pour it in the mold. ● Once hardened, the mold is removed to show the finished product! Molds and Casting in Sculpture: Molds and Casting in Sculpture: Lost Wax method Molds and Casting in Sculpture: Lost Wax method

● This method is one that has been used in ancient civilizations such as the Benin Empire, also known as the Edo Kingdom, which resides in what is now present-day Nigeria. Augusta Savage

A gifted sculptor, Green Cove She was the seventh of 14 children Springs-born Augusta Savage fought poverty, racism and sexism to become born to Edward and Cornelia Fells. a prominent figure in the As a child, Fells exhibited a talent Renaissance, the period of and a passion for sculpting small African-American cultural outpouring objects using red clay she found in in New York City during the 1920s and her neighborhood. The habit often '30s. Her extraordinary talent opened got her into trouble with her father, a many doors that led to her becoming one of the most influential Black part-time minister, who regarded his teachers of her time and a strong child's handiwork as "graven images" voice for civil rights for Black people. outlawed by the Bible's 10 Commandments. 1939 NY World’s Fair

From 1929-1932, Savage lived in Paris and worked on her craft. Upon returning to the United States, worked in the Works Progress Administration, becoming well known. In 1939, she was commissioned to create a work for the New York World’s Fair.

Having earned wide respect for her work, Savage was commissioned to create a sculpture for the highly publicized 1939 New York World’s Fair. Drawing on the inspiration of fellow Floridians J. Rosamond and ’s “Lift Every Voice and Sing,” she created “The Harp,” which was one of her most impressive works. Sadly, this magnificent, 16-foot-tall work of art, made of plaster, was destroyed at the end of the fair. Fortunately, there were smaller steel versions and postcards capturing its beauty available for purchase. Savage, as with many of her expressive, realistic pieces, never had the money to cast them in stone or bronze. Other Works

Augusta Savage. Gamin, circa 1929-1930. The Cleveland Museum of Art

Augusta Savage, , 1934–35. Courtesy of the Walter O. Evans Collection of African American Art. Enzo Torcoletti

Enzo Torcoletti was born in Italy and attended art school there before he moved to Canada where he received a B.A. in English Literature and a B.F.A. in Sculpture and Printmaking from the University of Windsor.

He completed his M.F.A. in Sculpture at State University then moved to St. Augustine, Florida where he still resides.

He is an Emeritus Professor of Art at Flagler College where he taught Sculpture, Drawing, and Art History since 1971.

His work has been featured all over the Northeast Florida region, including exhibitions at the Cummer Museum of Art and has a sculpture in front of the St. Augustine Art Association.

He also helped the community with work on sculptures downtown, including renovating the Lions sculpture at the Bridge of Lions. Enzo Torcoletti

Inspired by the human form, he creates both abstract and representational sculptures.

Havva (Eve) Turkish onyx

Caryatid Vermont marble and steatite