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“Winslow Foramen”, “Omental Foramen” or “Epiploic Foramen”?
,QWKH,OOXVWUDWHG9HWHULQDU\$QDWRPLFDO1RPHQFODWXUHHGLWHGE\&RQVWDQWLQHVFXDQG Schaller, which is widely considered “the bible of anatomical definitions” in the YHWHULQDU\DQDWRPLFDOFRPPXQLW\Whe “omental foramen” [epiploic foramen] is defined DV“the opening from the greater peritoneal sac to the omental vestibule that passes EHWZHHQ WKH FDXGDO YHQD FDYD GRUVDOO\ WKH SRUWDO YHLQ WKDW LV LQFOXGHG LQ WKH KHSDWRGXRGHQDO OLJDPHQW YHQWUDOO\ WKH FDXGDO OREH RI WKH OLYHU FUDQLDOO\ DQG WKH pancreas caudally” &RQVWDQWLQHVFXDQG6FKDOOHU
7KLVVOLWlike opening is called the “Winslow foramen” in human literaWXUHQDPHGDIWHU WKH)UHQFK'DQLVKGRFWRUDQGDQDWRPLVW-DFREDOLDV-DFTXHV%pQLJQH:LQVORZ ZKRILUVWGHVFULEHGWKLVHQLJPDWLFVWUXFWXUH %HOODU\HWDO +HZDVERUQ LQ'HQPDUNDQGZDVYHU\GHGLFDWHGWRWKH/XWKHUDQIDLWKDVZDVWKHIDPLO\WUDGLWLRQ 'XULQJKLVWKHRORJ\VWXGLHVKHPHWDPHGLFDOVWXGHQWZLWKZKRPKHIUHTXHQWO\KDG ORQJVSLULWXDOFRQYHUVDWLRQV. Winslow’s interest for medicDOVWXGLHVHPHUJHGIURPWKHVH FRQYHUVDWLRQVDQGKHGHFLGHGWRVWXG\PHGLFLQHZKHUHDVKLVIULHQGZDVFRQYHUWHGWR WKHRORJ\VWXGLHV7KHQDPHRIKLVIULHQGUHPDLQVXQNQRZQLQKLVWRU\EXWWKHPHGLFDO ZRUOGRZHVRQHRIWKHPRVWIDPRXVDQDWRPLVWVWRKLP 2UO\ %HOODU\HWDO Winslow’s ambitions brought him to Holland and later on to Paris. As a member of the /XWKHULDQFRPPXQLW\KHZDVILQDQFLDOO\VXSSRUWHGIRUKLVVWXGLHVQRWRQO\E\KLVIDPLO\ EXWDOVRE\WKH'DQLVK&URZQ+RZHYHULQ3DULVKHUHQRXQFHGKLV/XWKHUDQIDLWKIRU &DWKROLFLVPXQGHULQIOXHQFHRIWKHIDPRXVELVKRSRI0HDX[-DTXHV%pQLJQH%RVVXHW ZKRVHQDPHKHDGRSWHGIURPWKDWPRPHQWRQ'XHWRWKLVFRQYHUVLRQ KHORVWKLVVFKRODUVKLSDQGKLVIDPLO\GLVRZQHGKLP+RZHYHUIURPWKDWPRPHQWRQ KHUHFHLYHGFRQWULEXWLRQVWRVXSSRUWKLVVWXG\DQGZRUNIURP&DWKROLFSDWURQVLQ3DULV ZKLFK DOORZHG KLP WR EXLOG D YHU\ SUROLILF FDUHHU ZLWK QXPHURXV SURIHVVLRQDO DFKLHYHPHQWV %HOODU\HWDO +HUHFHLYHGKLV0'GHJUHHLQZDVDGPLWWHG in the “Académie des Sciences” LQDQG\HDUVODWHUKHVXFFHHGHG)UDQoRLV Joseph Hunault to the chair of anatomy of the “Jardin du Roy”, which he held until 1758 2UO\
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The term “Winslow foramen” is QRW FRPPRQO\ XVHGLQ YHWHULQDU\ PHGLFLQH GHVSLWH -DFTXHVBénigne Winslow’s enormous contribution to medical development. The term “epiploic foramen” is still accepted as an official alternativeLQWKHUHYLVHGYHUVLRQRIWKH WK HGLWLRQ RI WKH 1RPLQD $QDWLPLFD 9HWHULQDULD1$9 >PHQWLRQHG EHWZHHQ VTXDUH brackets] although “omental foramen” is preferred :RUOG $VVRFLDWLRQRI 9HWHULQDU\ $QDWRPLVWV . In fact “pSLSORRQ” is a synonym for “RPHQWXP”, and iVXVHGEDVLFDOO\ LQ/DWLQODQJXDJHVDVIRUH[DPSOH)UHQFKRU6SDQLVK
Equine clinicians continue to use the term “epiploic foramen” despite the preference for “omental foramen” in the vetHULQDU\DQDWRPLFDOFRPPXQLW\,WZDVGHFLGHGWRXVH “epiploic foramen” throughout WKLVWH[WDVWKHZRUNZDVPDLQO\FRQGXFWHGLQOLJKWRI FOLQLFDODSSOLFDWLRQVDQGLQWHUQDWLRQDOYHWHULQDU\FOLQLFDOMRXUQDOVDQGOLWHUDWXUHGRQRW accept “omental foramen” yet as the new terminologyinstead of “epiploic foramen”.
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7KHYHWHULQDU\LQWHUVSHFLHVGHILQLWLRQRIWKHHSLSORLFIRUDPHQLV“the opening from the JUHDWHUSHULWRQHDOVDFWRWKHRPHQWDOYHVWLEXOHWKDWSDVVHVEHWZHHQWKHFDXGDOYHQD FDYDGRUVDOO\WKHSRUWDOYHLQWKDWLVLQFOXGHGLQWKHKHSDWRGXRGHQDOOLJDPHQWYHQWUDOO\ the caudal lobe of the liver cranially, and the pancreas caudally” &RQVWDQWLQHVFXDQG 6FKDOOHU 7KHRPHQWDOYHVWLEXOHLVGHILQHGDV“the vestibule of the omental bursa enclosed by the minor omentum, the stomach and the liver” DQGWKHRPHQWDOEXUVDLV GHILQHGDV“the potential space enclosed by the 2 omenta, the stomach and the liver” &RQVWDQWLQHVFXDQG6FKDOOHU
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The gastropancreatic fold is defined as “D IROG LQ WKH ZDOO RI WKH RPHQWDO EXUVD containing the left gastric vessels”DQGWKHKHSDWRSancreatic fold as “DIROGLQWKHZDOO of the omental bursa containing the hepatic artery” &RQVWDQWLQHVFX DQG 6FKDOOHU $FFRUGLQJWRRQHDXWKRUWKHVHWZRVWUXFWXUHVFRQWULEXWHWRWKHIRUPDWLRQRID ODUJH RULILFH ZKLFK JLYHV DFFHVV WR WKH ODUJH FDXGDO UHFHVV RI WKH RPHQWDO EXUVD %DURQH :LWKLQWKHRPHQWDOYHVWLEXOHWKHUHLVDGRUVDOUHFHVVWKDWLVGHILQHGDV “DPLQRUGLYHUWLFXOXPRIWKHRPHQWDOYHVWLEXOHEHWZHHQWKHULJKWFUXVRIWKHGLDSKUDJP and the liver, and between the oesophagus and the caudal vena cava” &RQVWDQWLQHVFXDQG6FKDOOHU
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Ton esprit de partage HWGHprogression m’ont marqués. Amélie, Fabrice et Olivier, merci de votre amitié. Je suis très reconnaissant vers la personne qui m’a introduit dans le monde équestre. Merci Dr Stihl, merci Hans pour la confiance, l’apprentissage, la formation SURIHVVLRQQHOOHet personnelle, les voyages, les partages sociologiques, l’aventure et l’amitié qui en résulte. 0RQVpMRXUHQ)UDQFHHVWXQHDXWUHSpULRGHTXLDIRUWHPHQWFRQWULEXpjPD SHUVRQQDOLWp0HUFL%ULJLWWH*pUDUG3HUULQH6\OYDLQ$QQHHW-HDQLuc pour l’accueiO chaleureux que j’ai reçu parmi vous pendant ces années. JeanLuc, j’admire ton HQWKRXVLDVPHWDYRORQWpGpWHUPLQpHHWMHVXLVWUqVUHFRQQDLVVDQWSRXUODFRQILDQFH TXHWXPHGRQQHV ϭϴϰ 'DQNZRRUG Serge, tu es un exemple dans la vie. 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