Culture for all Londoners Mayor of London’s Draft Culture Strategy

March 2018 CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 3

Copyright Contents

Greater London Authority Mayor’s foreword 4 March 2018 Executive summary 10 Published by Greater London Authority 1 The Mayor’s Vision and Priorities for Culture 24 City Hall The Queen’s Walk 2 Context and Scope of the Strategy 28 More London London SE1 2AA 3 Love London 44 www.london.gov.uk 4 Culture and Good Growth 66 enquiries 020 7983 4100 5 Creative Londoners 102 minicom 020 7983 4458 6 World City 122 See Photography Credits for copyright and caption information. 7 Achieving the Mayor’s Vision 146 All images are © Greater London Authority unless otherwise stated. 8 Next Steps 158

Policies and Commitments 162

Glossary 168

Photography Credits 176 CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 5

Mayor’s foreword

Culture is our city’s DNA, binding us all pursue a career in the creative industries. together - both in times of crisis and London’s creative workforce should in times of celebration. Culture is what reflect our diverse population. And makes the daytime thrive and the night- people from every background should time come alive. have access to high quality culture on their own doorstep. London is one of the most culturally rich cities on the planet – with world- To help deliver this, I’m supporting a class institutions and globally renowned broader range of cultural facilities and talent. The city’s creative economy involving a wider range of communities now employs 1 in 6 Londoners and than ever before. London’s famous contributes £47 billion to the economy. institutions are a crucial part of this Our culture and creative industries city’s culture. But to Londoners, the are vital to our city’s success and the same can be said for the local pub, the wellbeing of all Londoners. Yet too many skate park down the road, the community Londoners are still missing out on the centre that offers dance classes, or local opportunity to access culture and the heritage on the way to the Tube. incredible benefits it can bring. That’s why, as Mayor, I have made culture in In this strategy, we’ve set out several London such a priority. policies and programmes that will create a step change. We will map the As Mayor, I want to ensure as many city’s cultural infrastructure for the first people as possible take part in cultural time to help boroughs plan better for activities, and have access to creative culture. Creative Enterprise Zones will jobs. With a quarter of London’s children be established across London to help living in poverty, for too many young artists and creative businesses put Londoners the city’s cultural treasures down roots. Through Culture Seeds, the are out of reach and getting a career in development of more grassroots and the creative industries is unimaginable. community projects will be supported. We are working to change that because And our new Creative Land Trust will I want London to be a city where more secure affordable workspaces. young people have the opportunity to CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 7

My draft London Plan sets out a planning Culture helps create a sense of who we framework to support a broad range of are as Londoners. It promotes our city’s cultural places and spaces. It is the most value and helps us to create socially pro-cultural plan our city has ever seen. integrated communities. So, despite In the last ten years, London has lost the challenges of Brexit - London will a quarter of its pubs and a third of its continue to be a confident, forward- grassroots music venues and creative looking city – and the world’s cultural workspaces. I want to stem this tide of capital. cultural losses. Creative people and cultural places are at Working together – with local authorities, the core of my vision to bring culture to cultural organisations, businesses and all Londoners. I look forward to working communities – we can raise our ambition with people across our great city to make and implement our ground-breaking it happen. plans. The flagship London Borough of

Culture will place culture right at the heart of our neighbourhoods, celebrating communities and hidden cultural gems that all Londoners can take part in and enjoy.

Sadiq Khan Mayor of London CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 9

Let’s take a walk round London

Tonight I want to applaud my city, You can learn any of the 300 languages in use. there is nowhere like London, Find a poetry or music night ever day of the week, nowhere at all. just open your eyes. It has more culture than the perimeter of our shores, Head to my street and find the birthplace of grime. more faces than a demigod. In London, We are standing at the coast of the entire world, there is 24hour happiness drive throughs, on the brink of history, waiting to swim in victory. and revolving doors Some faces are hiding behind Big Ben and Parliament, and pain. some hidden in back alleys in Shoreditch. In the midst of it all you find Head to Whitechapel, harmonious pockets, to experience South Asian cuisine. get lost in back streets and end up Take a trip to the West end in butterfly tents in Greenwich. for some of the longest running musicals. Experience experimental exhibitions at the Saatchi. Every day, there are tributes and memorials, Visit the Walthamstow Garden party, and mosques, churches, temples opening their doors jump out of your comfort zone Last year, we welcomed over half a million babies, into the Kenyan Aduma dance. with only a third of that figure qualified midwives. Head underground to get to the centre of it all, In London, housing is an issue, meeting and guiding tourists along the way, lack of free school meals is an issue, until you realise you can’t decipher the tube map yourself. lack of free accessible education, Just pick up an oyster and experience it all. lack of youth centres, work experience, jobs, arts funding and opportunities. As Londoners, you get use to queuing Tax evasion is an issue, but tampons are a luxury? and rush hour We cannot ignore the politics. and sweat and back packs We don’t lack in culture. and walking faster than you can breathe. We stand together with our neighbouring cities. Stand at the Southbank But we can no longer brand other countries with Queens seal, where it feels like the entire world is right there And then turn them away. there with you As a city, London has come so far, walking towards Westminster, but it still has some way to go. hand in hand waiting for a verdict.

Written by Amina Jama 11

Executive summary

The Mayor’s Vision and Priorities Everyone must work in partnership – for Culture local authorities, cultural organisations, At the heart of Culture for all Londoners and Londoners – to safeguard and is a city that sustains its global sustain the things that make it so special. creative success, and which works for everyone. London is a place of immense Alongside the Mayor’s other strategies opportunity. Here every child, young and plans, this draft Culture Strategy person and adult deserves the chance to outlines an ambitious programme to enrich their lives through culture. Every sustain a city that works hard, and plays Londoner should feel that the capital’s hard, for everyone. A city that is built on artistic riches and diverse heritage the principle of culture for all Londoners. belong to them. Culture should not be It is themed around four priorities: out of reach for anyone, and less formal activities, spaces and venues need to • Love London – more people be valued. London must continue to be experiencing and creating culture on a global capital. while also striving to be their doorstep a city where local talent can put down roots. This means tackling the barriers • Culture and Good Growth – that prevent Londoners from securing supporting, saving and sustaining creative jobs. cultural places and spaces

All kinds of places and spaces must be • Creative Londoners – investing able to thrive in London. From world in a diverse creative workforce for class museums, galleries and festivals, the future to the pub on the corner or the skate park down the road. The trend that • World City – maintaining a global has seen hundreds of much-loved powerhouse in a post-Brexit world venues and spaces close down over the last ten years must be reversed. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 13

London is one of the world’s great 1 in 6 hubs for creativity. It is admired for jobs in London are in the the size and dynamism of its creative creative economy industries. There is potential for more: one in six jobs in London are in the creative economy, which is growing faster than the economy as a whole.1 But London is also a city of stark contrasts. Many businesses are booming, but at the same time, housing costs have become unaffordable to many. A third of Londoners now live in poverty, and public services are under pressure. London’s culture is world renowned, but it must address – rather than simply reflect – the capital’s challenges.2

The Mayor recognises that if London is to continue as a cultural powerhouse, its inequalities must be addressed. This requires an ambitious programme of support and investment in infrastructure, skills, promotion and planning. It is about far more than economics - culture has a vital role to play in enabling Londoners from all backgrounds to come together and forge a sense of belonging. This strategy therefore takes a broad view of culture, from arts institutions, creative industries, the historic environment and museums, to community festivals, pubs and nightclubs, busking pitches, skate parks and street art.

1 GLA Economics, Creative Industries Report 2017 2 GLA Economics (2016) Economics Evidence Base for London CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 15

Love London - more people Grassroots and community organisations Throughout its history, London has been experiencing and creating culture can bring culture to Londoners where a city of festivals. Events like the New £70m on their doorstep they live. To help this happen, the Year’s Eve Fireworks, Totally Thames and has been committed to London is an innovative and strong world Mayor has set up Culture Seeds, a Notting Hill Carnival bring people from create a landmark new site city, and culture plays a big part in this. new micro-grants programme. It will all backgrounds together. The Mayor will for the Museum of London Our creative industries supported the fund the individuals and community continue to fund festivals and events like at West Smithfield economy during the financial crisis.3 arts organisations that often miss Diwali and Pride in London that have an London’s cultural offer was centre stage out because they are too small, and emphasis on community involvement. at the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic provide access to resources, advice and And he will improve access at events, Games. Culture has long brought networks so these groups can make the aiming for all Deaf and disabled people to different communities together in times most of their grant. The Mayor will also be as independent as they want to be at of celebration and hardship. Yet, at the launch two pilots in 2018 to increase live events and festivals. same time, too many Londoners miss out participation. Working with Transport on the city’s success. It can be expensive for London and its Zip Oystercard, the The Mayor will continue to support his to travel to cultural events. Mobility or Mayor will explore how families and ‘family of museums’, funded by City Hall. disability factors can also mean people young people can combine travel with a In particular, the Mayor has committed can’t take part. package of free and discounted cultural £70m to create a landmark new site offers. With Team London, the Mayor will for the Museum of London at West Londoners need great culture on their encourage more young Londoners to Smithfield. This will open up its collection doorstep. This is why, inspired by the volunteer and gain skills and experience of seven million objects to more people UK City and European Capital of Culture in the creative industries. than ever before with the aim for the programmes, the Mayor has launched the museum to double its visitor numbers London Borough of Culture competition. and reach every schoolchild in London. Waltham Forest (2019) and Brent (2020) It will also continue its leadership role, are the first two winning boroughs. offering the city’s smaller museums and They will each benefit from funding, archives support, advice and grants. partnerships and a high-profile campaign to shape and promote new creative and heritage activities for a year.

3 United Nations Development Programme (2010) Creative Economy Report 2010 CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 17

“LondonFectorbi is factodis. a centre Culture and Good Growth - supporting, With the draft new London Plan, the setting up a permanent presence in saving and sustaining cultural places Mayor has published the most pro- the park. These include University Apestrafor creativity, vocul and spaces cultural planning framework the city College London, London College of By 2030, there will be ten million people has ever seen. The plan will be crucial Fashion, Sadler’s Wells, and the Victoria vivilattracting ventid ideas se living in London. New buildings and in supporting and protecting cultural and Albert Museum working with the infrastructure will provide commercial places and spaces. This includes Smithsonian. In west London, there will etrestand talent. atus Ittem, has opportunities, but it will put pressure on introducing an Agent of Change principle be a cultural quarter at Old Oak and Park culture and heritage which could pose to help cultural venues to better co- Royal, London’s largest transport and ponsulia large creative ntique a risk to local character and community exist alongside homes. The Mayor is regeneration project which will provide cohesion. In the past decade, London also producing a Cultural Infrastructure 25,000 much-needed new homes. The reisworkforce nem me ad C. lost a quarter of its pubs and 40 percent Plan. It includes research on numbers Mayor and the London Borough of of its music venues. Many artists and of venues in specific sectors, starting Newham will also put culture at the heart Decupiowhich must ratuam be small businesses are being forced to with pubs, LGBT+ venues and dance of the 25-year Royal Docks development. move out too. This is due to rising rents, performance facilities. This is the first potio,safeguarded sentiur business rates and the fact that cheap ever city-wide attempt to map London’s The Mayor wants to build on London’s workspace is being converted into cultural places and facilities. It provides manufacturing legacy. He will make the bitatiin this sturniu period unaffordable housing. a sound evidence base to underpin and case for investing in new centres of inform planning policy. creative production, particularly along quiof significant sum postia To help, the Mayor will invest £5m to the Thames Estuary corridor. In the East develop a number of Creative Enterprise The Mayor also wants to challenge End, a Fashion District will bring together nuncepoenam.”change. The Zones in different parts of the city. These preconceived ideas about regeneration. designers, manufacturers and training will be special areas where artists and He wants Londoners to reap the benefits providers. Meanwhile, over in Dagenham, EexerisMayor molores recognises recto optas creative businesses are helped to put of embedding culture in the city’s long- there is the potential to build London’s Et eic to bercia cuptas a aut down roots. The Mayor will work with term developments. In Queen Elizabeth largest film studio for a quarter of a the power and local councils and cultural organisations Olympic Park, the Mayor will oversee a century. This will create nearly 800 full in these places to offer long-term new culture and education district, with time local jobs. importance of support. This will include affordable a number of world-class organisations workspace, business rate relief and culture by making faster broadband. The Mayor is also setting up an independent Creative Land it a top priority.” Trust. The aim is to buy up property managed as creative workspace and let it Ben Evans at affordable rents. Director, London Design Festival and Chair, Mayor’s Cultural Leadership Board CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 19

Across London, good architecture, “Millicent Fawcett design and high quality art will combine to create public space that works for was an incredible and inspires all Londoners. The Mayor has launched Good Growth by Design to woman and by encourage the best design solutions. A new social enterprise, Public Practice, honouring her in will place designers and planners in local councils. The Mayor has also Parliament Square appointed 50 Design Advocates, who will work to set standards and look into I believe she will the challenges facing London’s built environment. continue to inspire In addition, the Mayor has commissioned generations the first statue of a woman in Parliament Square, our most important public space to come.” for recognising national achievements. To commemorate the centenary of the Gillian Wearing OBE, RA first women in the UK getting the vote, Artist suffrage campaigner, Millicent Fawcett, will stand proud for generations to come. The Mayor will also continue to support the world-leading Fourth Plinth programme in Trafalgar Square. New artworks will be unveiled in 2018 and 2020. He will fund one of the capital’s first bookable street art walls in east London, and will also work with local councils to establish legal street art walls across the city. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 21

Creative Londoners - investing in Further education plays a crucial a diverse creative workforce for role too. Through the £110m Further the future Education Capital Fund, the Mayor The creative economy is vital to London. will fund colleges and providers Between 2012 and 2016, jobs in the to modernise their campuses and sector grew by almost a quarter. But the facilities. Many creative roles can be creative talent available to London is well served through apprenticeship at risk. Since 2010, there has been an training. Working with Film London, the almost 30 per cent drop in the numbers agency for London’s screen industries, taking arts subjects at GCSE.4 The the Mayor is supporting traineeships creative sector is still very white. As for film, television and animation. The such, it can be hard for people from black Mayor’s Cultural Leadership Board and ethnic minority backgrounds to get has made diversity a priority, bringing in. Many women still find the glass ceiling together industry leaders to develop stops them from progressing too. recommendations to boost diversity. This will help to make the most of the The Mayor is committed to helping outstanding opportunities this booming creative talent from all backgrounds sector can provide for all. to thrive. London’s creative sector can stay a world leader by having a World City - a global powerhouse in workforce that reflects its population. a post-Brexit world This can be done via better training, The Mayor wants London to be open, more inclusive recruitment and nurturing welcoming and inclusive. That means an entrepreneurial spirit. Education is doing everything possible to encourage a great way to ignite young people’s international talent and investment. Over creativity. That’s why the Mayor wants half of the UK’s creative service exports schools to adopt the London Curriculum. are to the European Union, and the Mayor It uses the city as a classroom to bring will continue to campaign for the UK to lessons to life. As patron of the London retain membership of the single market. Music Fund, the Mayor will also support The Mayor will encourage Government thousands of children to develop their to address the needs of London in musical potential. negotiations. He has established a Brexit Advisory Group with representation from the creative industries.

4 The Stage, GCSE arts subjects in ‘free fall’ as results confirm 9% decline in entries, 2017 CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 23

“London is the London welcomes nearly 110,000 The Mayor is committed to maintaining a Achieving the Vision through international students each year. With culturally exciting 24-hour city that is safe Partnership most dynamic thousands of art and design students and welcoming. The nightlife of a world The Mayor has a range of powers and graduating annually, the city is flowing city should be extensive and diverse; levers to deliver his strategy. These city in the world with new creative talent. It is vital that London’s £26bn Night Time Economy include direct funding for programmes London continues to welcome talent generates one in eight jobs in the capital. as well as transport, planning, skills and today. Sure, it from around the world. We must have The Mayor has created the role of Night promotion. He will also use his convening an immigration system that allows Czar to champion nightlife, protect power and profile to champion issues, has always been for students, short-term workers and venues and prioritise women’s safety. He and highlight threats and opportunities. entrepreneurs. Thanks to long-term has appointed an independent Night Time But there are many areas relating to an international investment from City Hall, London is Commission to make recommendations culture outside of the Mayor’s direct now one of the world’s leading creative on policies and programmes to support control. The Mayor believes that London hub, always been capitals. The city now boasts the planet’s the implementation of the Mayor’s Vision needs more radical devolution to third largest film industry. In 2016, for a 24-hour London. To complement maintain its global position, so he will investment in UK production this, a network of Borough Champions make arguments to national government at the centre of 5 reached £1.6bn. are supporting best practice amongst for the powers and resources to help things, but it has local authorities in planning and licensing. London thrive. London is also one of the world’s top four London will also host a Global 24hr fashion capitals, and London Fashion Summit to help build a world-wide The Mayor’s Cultural Leadership Board never sizzled like 6 Week generates £100m in sales, but network of Night Time Economy experts. comprises leading figures drawn it sizzles today.” international competition is fierce. Since from across culture and the creative 2011, over 60 cities across the globe The London of the future needs to be a industries. This Board has helped to Dylan Jones OBE have developed blueprints to become city that is open for business and visitors. oversee the strategy and will continue Editor, British GQ ‘creative capitals’.7 The Mayor will fund Following the EU referendum, the Mayor to advise the Mayor. Ultimately, it will be the British Fashion Council, Film London, launched #LondonisOpen, a major the strength of such sector leadership London Games Festival, and London campaign to show that London is united and partnerships that will be key to Design Festival to promote and increase and open to the world. In the same spirit, the success of the strategy, and the trade for London’s creative industries. the Mayor will help to strengthen London’s Mayor is committed to working with relationship with cities from around the Londoners, local authorities, cultural world, with 34 cities now members of the organisations and venues, artists and World Cities Culture Forum. Chaired by creative businesses to achieve his vision the Deputy Mayor for Culture and Creative for London. Industries, the forum enables cities facing common challenges to share insights with one another. Through the Forum, the Mayor will influence and collect best practice, and help champion culture in cities all over the world.

5 British Film Institute, 2017 6 British Fashion Council, 2017 7 Leo Hollis, Cities are Good for You: The Genius of the Metropolis, 2013 CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS

Chapter 1: The Mayor’s Vision and Priorities for Culture CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 27

This draft Culture Strategy outlines All kinds of cultural venues, places and an ambitious programme to sustain spaces must be able to thrive in London. a city that works hard, and plays From world-class museums, galleries and hard, for everyone; one that is built festivals, to the pub on the corner or the Love Culture and on the principle of culture for all skatepark down the road. The trend that Londoners. has seen hundreds of well-loved venues, London Good Growth places and spaces close down over the More people experiencing and Supporting, saving and sustaining People and places are at the heart last ten years must be reversed. London creating culture on their doorstep cultural places and spaces of the Mayor’s vision for Culture should be a place where everyone works for all Londoners. London is a in partnership – local authorities, the city of immense opportunity, in private sector, cultural organisations, and which every child, young person Londoners – to safeguard and sustain and adult deserves the chance to the cultural treasures and creative talent enrich their lives through culture. that makes our great city so special. Every Londoner should feel that the capital’s cultural riches and The draft Culture Strategy is themed diverse heritage belong to them; around four priorities. Creative World culture should not be out of reach for anyone. The city must embrace Londoners City a broad definition of culture that Investing in a diverse creative Being a global powerhouse includes less formal places and workforce for the future in a post-Brexit world spaces. Barriers that prevent Londoners from securing diverse creative jobs should be identified and removed. London must continue to be a global capital, and at the same time strive to be a city where local talent can put down roots for good. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS

Chapter 2: Context and Scope of the Strategy CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 31

This section sets out the context of A Changing Population Building connections between Housing and Infrastructure this strategy: from London’s position London is one of the most diverse cities Londoners from diverse backgrounds is a London is in the middle of a housing as a global economic powerhouse to in the world, with over 300 languages core part of improving social integration crisis. The previous Strategic Housing its growing and changing population; spoken in the capital. 45 per cent of in this city.8 Addressing inequalities and Market Assessment (SHMA) identified a the breadth of its cultural offer; levels Londoners identify as white British, 40 barriers is also vital. Culture can be an need of 66,000 new homes each year,14 of inequality; and its prospects for per cent from black, Asian and minority important tool in challenging the stigma yet just 29,000 homes a year were education, skills and employment. ethnic (BAME) backgrounds, and a and discrimination many groups face, built between 2013/14 and 2015/16, further 15 per cent of Londoners identify from migrants and refugees, to BAME, reflecting the chronic and long-term A Growing Economy as white other.5 older and disabled Londoners. From failure to build the homes that London The creative industries are worth festivals to museum exhibitions, culture needs. £91.8bn to the UK economy1 - more than The capital is larger today than at any presents unique opportunities to bring the automotive, life sciences, aerospace time in its history, with a population people together, challenge prejudices Only 13 per cent of homes granted and oil and gas industries combined.2 of 8.63 million expected to grow to 10 and celebrate the contributions of planning permission in 2014/15 were London’s culture and creative industries million by 2030. Some 37 per cent of people from all backgrounds. affordable.15 The Mayor’s long-term generate £47 billion each year and grew Londoners were born outside of the UK, strategic aim is to make half of all new by nearly 40 per cent between 2009- and for more than one in five Londoners, Quality of Life homes built in London affordable. 2014 compared to 30 per cent across English is their second language at Average household incomes in London the rest of the economy.3 home.6 are significantly higher than the rest of To meet demand London needs to the UK, and London is home to some of grow its infrastructure. The capital Of the world’s largest 250 companies, London draws huge strength from the the wealthiest individuals in the world.9 needs to increase its energy supply 40 per cent have their European contribution of migrants who choose The top ten per cent of households own capacity by 20 percent and its public headquarters in London with supply to make the city their home. Migrants more than half of the city’s wealth.10 But transport capacity by 50 per cent by chains that reach right across the UK. bring economic benefits and enrich our the gap between the incomes of the 2050.16 London is widely regarded as Current membership of the EU provides society and communities.7 They are an richest and poorest in London is the Europe’s leading technology hub, with access to a crucial supply of creative important part of what makes this city widest of all regions in England11 and a growing sector of over 40,000 digital talent which has built up in London to so special and culturally exciting. From almost three in ten Londoners live technology businesses employing make it a leading international city for the our food and drink, across the fields in poverty.12 almost 200,000 people.17 London creative industries.4 The challenge will be of sport, entertainment and the arts – needs reliable, affordable super-fast to counter a climate – whether economic the advantages of London’s amazing In recent years, many residents have digital connectivity for homes and small or political – which risks seeing many diversity are clear for all to see. seen little or no improvement in their businesses if London is to become the successful businesses and people living standards as wages have struggled best-connected city in Europe. leaving London, and the UK, for good. to keep pace with the growing cost of living. After housing costs are accounted for, average incomes in London and the UK are very similar to the rest of the UK.13

9 GLA Economics (2016) Economic Evidence Base for London 2016, p.519 1 DCMS Sectors, Economic Estimates 2016: Gross Value Added 10,11,12 Ibid. 2 Creative Industries Federation, Industry Statistics 13 Department for Work and Pensions Family Resources Survey (2017) 3 GLA Economics, Creative Industries Report 2017 14 GLA (2017) The 2017 London strategic Housing market Assessment, p. 6 4 GLA (2017) The Mayor’s Economic Development Strategy for London - Draft for Consultation 15 Mayor of London’s Housing Strategy, 2017 5 GLA Economics (2016) Economic Evidence Base for London 2016 16 Mayor of London, Infrastructure Plan to 2050 6,7 Ibid. 17 London & Parters (2017) Investment dataset: London is widely regarded as Europe’s leading technology hub, with a growing sector of over 40,000 8 Mayor’s Social Integration Strategy, 2018 digital technology businesses employing almost 200,000 people. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 33

Cultural landscape

London has an enormous breadth of cultural riches.

Culture in London OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES 20,000 4,000+ London is one of the world’s great live music events in 2016 pubs in London creative cities, with an enormous breadth When it comes to infrastructure London of cultural riches. The city is home to is a city of contrasts. Parts of the capital art galleries, theatres, cinema screens, are booming, with new buildings rising festivals, 10 major concert halls, 13 and neighbourhoods being regenerated. national museums, pubs, night clubs, 320 London’s culture and heritage are 4 13 live music venues and public libraries.18 world class, attracting tourists and UNESCO World National museums There are far more cultural facilities in visitors from around the globe. In the Heritage Sites central areas of London - fewer than a east, the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park fifth of Arts Council England National will become a significant new cultural Portfolio Organisations are based in and educational district, while major outer London boroughs.19 developments will transform the Royal Docks and Old Oak and Park Royal. 14.3m 18,000+ London’s unique heritage assets include West End theatre heritage buildings four UNESCO World Heritage Sites, At the same time, the city needs to attendances in 2016 scheduled monuments, registered parks maintain and upgrade its infrastructure and gardens, a registered battlefield to support its booming population – and and thousands of listed buildings and the upgrade needs to include cultural conservation areas. Most are clustered facilities alongside new housing and around central London, along the River transport networks. Capital investment 860 Thames and along London’s north-south is needed across London, creating new Cinema axis.20 skills and job opportunities, and a chance Screens for a greater diversity of Londoners to London compares favourably with other find creative employment. London also world cities with respect to the amount needs more devolved powers, while of green space per head of population. building stronger ties with other cities London is ranked tenth amongst 30 and regions across the UK. global cities – higher than similar cities such as New York, Berlin and Paris.21

18 BOP Consulting (2015), World Cities Culture Report 2015 19 Arts Council England (As at February 2018) National Portfolio: 2018-22 20 World Heritage Centre (2017), UNESCO World Heritage Sites - Tower of London 21 World Cities Culture Forum [n.d.], Per Cent of public green space (parks and gardens) CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 35

There are huge opportunities for culture London remains the third largest centre Public Funding Funding from Arts Council England to play a part. London’s creative talent for film production in the world;23 one Local authorities are still the biggest to London-based arts organisations and production centres have a global of the top four fashion capitals; the funders of arts and culture in England, has been at a standstill since 2015 as reputation. The potential to grow cultural fifth in games production;24 and is a spending £1.2 billion in 2014-15.27 Local more investment is directed outside production and consumption is huge. world leader in design. Nevertheless, authority investment plays a vital role the capital.30 In addition, local authority Culture also enables Londoners from all global competition remains strong, with in supporting a range of services, from investment in arts and culture has backgrounds to come together, socialise, cities across the world adopting fiscal libraries and theatres to community arts declined by £236 million (17 per and make friends. London’s centuries of incentives aimed at attracting creative programmes. In addition, public funding cent) since 2010, with London seeing tradition and heritage help build a sense businesses and talent. In addition, it has from Arts Council England and Heritage the largest cuts in arts and culture of belonging. There is a long history of been estimated that Brexit could see Lottery Fund for libraries, historic places spending: down 19 per cent between openness and welcoming of new people London losing £1 billion of growth in the and spaces, arts organisations and 2010 and 2015.31 While in some cases and ideas. The following sections set creative industries by 2030 and half a museums is substantial. this has resulted in the closure of out the opportunities and challenges for million jobs overall.25 cultural facilities, many boroughs culture in London. Private investment in arts and culture continue to develop Culture Strategies, At the same time, the fast-paced growth grew by 21 per cent across the UK in support cultural services, and seek Global Competition of London risks pricing out creative 2014/15, primarily driven by high-value innovative ways to fund and support arts London is a centre for the creative talent. Many creative businesses are in individual donations to the largest programmes and spaces. industries which act as a global calling industrial spaces, in a city that lost 260 recipients. Just 50 organisations card, attracting people from around the acres of industrial land per year between receive 60 per cent28 of total private world to visit, work and study. 2010 and 2014.26 funding across the UK, while smaller organisations have managed to grow Since the financial crisis of 2008, the their private funding portfolio by 8 per creative industries have not only proved cent per annum.29 resilient, but have helped to power the economy.22 This success is due to many factors including creative industries tax relief, London’s role as an international financial and transport hub, and access to world-class talent. decline£236m in local authority investment in arts and culture in England

22 United Nations Development Programme (2010) Creative Economy Report 2010, p.xx 27 Arts Council England/Harvey, Adrian., (2016) Funding arts and culture in a time of austerity 23 Fashion Week Online (2018) 28 Arts Council England (2016) Private Investment in Culture Survey 24 UKIE (2017) The games industry in numbers 29 Ibid. 25 Cambridge Econometrics (2018) Preparing for Brexit: Clarity from complexity 30 BBC News (2017) Arts funding: Major English venues cut, with more money for the regions 26 Colliers International, 2017 31 Arts Council England/Harvey, Adrian., (2016) Funding arts and culture in a time of austerity CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 37

Tourism Education With a record breaking 31 million visitors London is home to world class higher in 2016, London is one of the most education institutions with many visited places in the world.32 Culture is specialising in creative subjects. The a major driver of tourism to London and Royal College of Art is the number one cultural tourists spend £7.3 billion a year, art school in the world.36 Central St supporting 80,000 jobs in the capital.33 Martins is first for fashion design and three of the top performing arts schools Most of London’s top attractions are are in the capital: the Guildhall School of located in Zone 1. There is a strong Music and Drama, the Royal College of appetite for both first time and repeat Music, and the Royal Academy of Music.37 visitors to disperse across London. Nearly three-quarters of visitors venture outside of the centre, with 3 in 10 citing local attractions, landmarks or historical sites as a draw.34

However, one million fewer people visited top attractions like The Natural visitors31m to London History Museum and the Victoria and in 2016 Albert Museum in 2016, with some displacement out of central London, and schools cancelling planned visits. At the same time, a fall in the value of sterling has led to a rise in visitor numbers from countries like Canada and the US.35

is£ spent7.3b by cultural tourists a year

32 Visit Britain, (2017) 2016 Snapshot 33 London & Partners (2017) A Tourism Vision for London 34 Ibid. 35 The Guardian/Collinson, Patrick. (2017), UK attracts record overseas tourists after pound’s Brexit slide 36 QS World University Rankings, 2018 37 Ibid. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 39

London is At the same time, the uncertainty of Employment High average pay can also mask Brexit is having an impact on a number London’s creative economy is a considerable variation – a poll of UK the place for of issues that London’s higher education significant employer. There were 882,900 artists by website Artfinder found 55 sector is working hard to manage. These jobs in London’s creative industries in per cent earn between £1k and £5k include the future status of EU national 2016 – up by almost a quarter (24.2 per net a year, and 82 per cent earn less creative higher 39 students wanting to study at London’s cent) since 2012. than £10k a year. In addition, many education. The world-class universities and creative freelance creative workers do not have institutions; the UK’s involvement in The fastest growing area of London’s access to key rights and benefits such European research programmes and creative employment since 2012 has as parental leave and employer pension Royal College 42 guaranteeing the long term rights of EU been advertising and marketing. Between contributions. of Art is the nationals who are living in the UK – many 2012 and 2016 the number of jobs in of whom will be academic staff and this sub-sector rose by 41.7 per cent; Diversity in the Creative Workforce number one art creative practitioners. The Government this was closely followed by music, Across the arts and creative industries, needs to clarify the UK’s position on performing and visual arts (+40.5 per trailblazing Londoners have broken down these as soon as possible. cent) and IT, software and computer barriers and smashed glass ceilings. school in the 40 services (+37.2 per cent). Many of London’s most celebrated and world. Central From school to FE college or high profile creative talent come from university, the talent pipeline needs London’s creative industries are highly diverse backgrounds. Recent years have St Martins is to be sufficiently robust at all levels of productive, with a creative worker 22 per seen relatively strong growth in creative education. In 2015/16, young people in cent more productive than the average economy jobs for both genders, and first for fashion England sat 44,000 fewer GCSEs in arts London worker. Many jobs in the creative people from BAME backgrounds. The subjects compared with the previous economy are well-paid. The average rate of growth in female employment has design. Three year. Overall there has been a nearly 30 hourly pay for creative employees in been higher in the creative than non- per cent drop in GCSE’s in arts subjects 2016 was almost a third higher than creative economy, while the number of of the top sat since 2010.38 A huge range of cultural for those working outside the creative jobs filled by people from BAME ethnicity institutions and organisations – both economy. However, according to GLA groups increased by 36 per cent in performing arts large and small – continue to work Economics research, women in the London’s creative economy between with schools, offer classroom visits, creative economy face an hourly pay gap 2012 and 2016. This compares to a 22 schools are in and provide teaching resources. But of £4.66 compared to £1.92 for women in increase in the wider economy.43 it is difficult to see how these will be the non-creative economy. At the same the capital. sufficient to stem the decline in take-up time, just over 1 in 4 creative economy of culture within the education system. jobs are held by self-employed workers (27.8 per cent, compared to 16.8 per cent in the non-creative economy).41

39 GLA Economics (2017) London’s creative industries – 2017 update 38 The Stage, GCSE arts subjects in ‘free fall’ as results confirm 9% decline in entries, 2017 40, 41, 42, 43 Ibid. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 41

Nevertheless, there are still fewer women Participation in Culture and people from BAME backgrounds The vast majority of Londoners think working in the creative economy than the that the city’s cultural scene is important economy at large. In 2016, women made in ensuring a high quality of life, with up 35 per cent of the creative workforce three quarters satisfied with the city’s compared to 44 per cent across the wider cultural and sporting offer. 47 However, economy, while 23.4 per cent of jobs in participation levels have fallen in recent London’s creative economy are held by years, with people from lower socio- people from BAME groups compared to economic backgrounds having much 33 per cent in the economy as a whole. lower levels of cultural participation.48 In the creative and cultural workforce in England, only 12 per cent of workers Many organisations are getting better classify themselves as disabled.44 at providing a chance for more people with disabilities and older people to Strikingly, 95 per cent of jobs in London’s participate. Between 2012 and 2015, creative economy are held by people performances that were accessible to a from advantaged socio-economic groups wider range of people increased by 14 in 2016, compared to 73.8 per cent per cent across Arts Council England outside the creative economy.45 funded organisations. And accessible screenings of film in cinemas doubled There are particular trends in the over the same period. But more needs subsidised part of the cultural industries. to be done, as almost a third of UK For example, 20 per cent of the UK’s museums provide no access information working age population identify as on their websites for disabled people disabled, compared to 4 per cent of planning a visit, and many theatres fail to staff at Arts Council England funded reach audiences with disabilities.49 organisations and Major Partner Museums. Only 8 per cent of Chief Executives, 10 per cent of Artistic Directors and 10 per cent of Chairs come from BAME backgrounds. At the highest level, women are also under-represented – they make up just 35 per cent of Artistic Directors and Chairs.46

44 Creative Industries Federation (2015) Creative Diversity report 45 GLA Economics (2017) London’s creative industries – 2017 update. 46 Arts Council England (2016/17) Equality, Diversity and the Creative Case, p.35 47 GLA Intelligence (2015) London Annual Survey 2015 48 Department of Culture Media and Sport (2016) Taking Part Survey 49 BOP Consulting / Graham Devlin Associates (2016) Arts Council England - Analysis of Theatre in England CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 43

The level of cultural infrastructure may Nevertheless, since 2010, London has This strategy references cultural facilities The Mayor’s Statutory Strategies also be a factor affecting participation added 116 screens and 8 cinemas to its as buildings and places where culture The Greater London Authority, under across London. The loss of venues total inventory of film venues.53 Hackney is consumed or produced. Cultural the GLA Act, is to set out its policies across may also be an aggravating saw a 3 per cent increase in the number consumption takes place in museums, on culture, media and sport under the factor. Between 2007 and 2016, London of pubs and bars during the last ten theatres, cinemas, entertainment arenas, umbrella of the Culture Strategy. The lost 35 per cent of its grassroots music years, representing some vital green music venues and night clubs, libraries, sport section of the Culture Strategy is venues, from 144 spaces programming shoots of growth. historic buildings, or public performance being developed by the GLA’s Sports new artists to just 94 remaining today. spaces. Cultural production takes Team and will be published separately, These are clustered north of the river in THE SCOPE OF THIS STRATEGY place in creative workspaces, artist but will form part of the same overall central and East London, in particular studios, dance rehearsal studios, music strategy. Soho, Camden and Shoreditch.50 At the The established or traditional aspects production suites or set design and same time, London has lost 58 per cent of our culture are vital to London’s building workshops. Cultural facilities The Mayor’s statutory strategies of its LGBT+ night time venues in the heritage, as is London’s street style, also include less ‘formal’ cultural places will work in tandem to address his past decade.51 its global leading music genres such and spaces: community festivals; arts overarching vision, including his vision as Afro-pop and grime, and its video centres; pubs; bars and nightclubs; for culture; A Culture for all Londoners, Many of London’s historic places and gaming. The Mayor’s approach to culture busking pitches; skateparks and legal the Mayor’s Transport Strategy, the spaces remain at similar risk of neglect places a strong value on celebrating and street art walls. draft new London Plan (planning), or closure. In 2014-15, historic sites at respecting the breadth and diversity of London Environment Strategy, risk from neglect or decay in London in London’s creativity equally. The strategy does not try to encompass Economic Development Strategy, 2015 included 62 conservation areas, everything the city has to offer. Some Health Inequalities Strategy and London 492 listed buildings, 31 scheduled This includes heritage. Through the types of cultural facilities remain Housing Strategy. The Mayor has also monuments and 9 registered parks scope of this strategy, the Mayor will beyond their primary focus and overlap commissioned a range of other plans and and gardens.52 nurture places and spaces that have with other strategies. Food, digital strategies aimed at Children and Young local character and significance. The technology, immersive technology, retail People, Social Integration, Police and Mayor, local and regional government and markets, parks and green spaces Crime, and Diversity and Inclusion. This must value what local people value. and religion are areas covered by other draft Culture Strategy should therefore mayoral policies. These are not included not be read in isolation from these within this strategy. strategies but alongside them. of75% Londoners are satisfied with the city’s cultural and sporting offer

50 Nordicity / GLA (2015) Grassroots Music Venue Rescue Plan 51 UCL Urban Laboratory (2017) LGBTQ+ Cultural Infrastructure in London: Night Venues, 2006–present 52 Historic England (2015) Heritage at Risk – London Register 2015, p. xix 53 UCL Urban Laboratory (2017) LGBTQ+ Cultural Infrastructure in London: Night Venues, 2006–present Chapter 3: Love London CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 47

The Challenge: London has a world- Yet throughout the city there are London Borough of Culture ‘Molecules in the Marshes’ will inhabit class cultural offer, but for too many Londoners for whom the capital’s culture Only a third of Londoners feel that Walthamstow Marshes developed by Londoners many cultural activities are is out of reach or who feel excluded from they make the most of the culture on local artist Zarah Hussain and involving out of reach.1 Engaging with culture the city’s success. Over a quarter of the their doorstep. The London Borough every school in the borough; the heritage can help build communities and raise capital’s children live in poverty.2 An adult of Culture will change that by putting of Pakistani makers in the textile trade aspirations. All Londoners should Londoner living in poverty is more likely communities at the heart of this major will be celebrated; and, building on be able to enrich their lives through to be working than not, living in outer citywide competition. It will shine a the radical traditions of William Morris culture, especially those who face London rather than inner, and renting spotlight on the hidden gems and unique (leader of the British Arts and Crafts barriers to participating.2 from a private landlord than in a council character of boroughs, it will raise movement), artist Bob and Roberta or housing association property.3 For the ambition with big ideas; and it will put Smith will write a new culture manifesto Our Objectives: Increase the diversity children of these Londoners, travelling local people centre stage. for the future. of cultural activities and enable across London to enjoy concerts or more Londoners to access culture on cultural events may be impossible. Inspired by the success of the UK Brent have put young people’s voices their own doorstep. Strengthen links Tickets to West End theatres or cinemas City and European Capital of Culture at the heart of their 2020 Borough of between culture, health and wellbeing. are likely to be beyond their reach programmes, the capital’s boroughs have Culture. During the consultation for entirely. Factors like mobility or disability bid for the title of London Borough of the bid, Brent discovered that of all the LOCAL CULTURE are also barriers to participation for Culture. Waltham Forest will take up the young people they worked with, none had many Londoners. title in 2019 and Brent in 2020 and each been to the Tate or heard of the National Culture is what makes us human; it borough will receive £1.35 million from Theatre. 2020 is also the year when captures our imagination, helps us Many of the capital’s cultural treasures the Mayor. Brent will host Euro 2020, so culture see the world through a different lens – from national museums to world- and sport will come together enabling a or escape from the day to day. Its class festivals – are free, and the Mayor Waltham Forest are planning a gear shift in participation. A summertime contributions are widespread: culture supports the policy of free entry for borough-wide celebration of culture, street party will be thrown for 200,000 brings communities together in times London’s national museums, but it is from Walthamstow to Epping Forest, people, centred around London’s oldest, of celebration and hardship; it improves not enough - local culture must be Chingford to Leytonstone. Over 14,500 straightest road, the A5. A ‘Museum of happiness and health and it has powerful strengthened. The Mayor will build and local people backed the bid and the All Brent Life’, will see Brent Libraries social impacts – for example, well strengthen communities by investing in aim is to get 85 percent of households commission ten new art works and a designed spaces and programmes for local culture. in the borough participating, while major new music festival ‘No Bass Like cultural engagement can promote social also attracting half a million additional Home’ will explore the musical legacy integration, deter crime and increase visitors. A digital installation called of Brent. neighbourhood safety.

1 GLA Intelligence (2015) London Annual Survey 2015 2 Child Poverty Action Group (2017) Child Poverty in London 4 3 Trust for London (2017) London Poverty Profile 2017 London & Partners (2017) A Tourism Vision for London CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 49

The Mayor wants young Londoners with the Serpentine Gallery will reveal the creative talent and entrepreneurial flair history of local workers, and Culture to have the chance to develop creative and Care will establish a new five-year careers and businesses. Each winning policy for the role of culture in social care borough will host his new creative settings developed with the Institute of leadership programme for young people Education. from diverse backgrounds, supported by mentoring and investment. Camden Alive – animated trails, digital technology and augmented reality will Six boroughs also received a Mayor’s bring the stories of residents of 12 Cultural Impact Award to fund landmark housing estates in Camden to life. Led by projects that will ensure as many the British Museum, Central St Martins, Londoners as possible are able to benefit the Roundhouse and augmented reality from the Mayor’s record investment app Blippar. in culture. The winners of the Mayor’s Cultural Impact Award are: Live Music in Kingston – a brand-new music festival inspired by the musical Barking and Dagenham – the borough heritage of the area, including the old will embed cultural activity in social Decca Records pressing plant in New care with three projects. New Town Malden. Young musicians, promoters Culture, with the Foundling Museum, and businesses will take part, bringing children’s author Jacqueline Wilson and investment into the Night Time Economy. artist Grayson Perry will bring culture into care homes; Radio Ballads with CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 51

Next Generation in Lambeth – young Culture Seeds The Mayor wants more Londoners than cultural offer is not for them. In Paris and BAME Londoners will get help to develop Small grants can make big things happen ever before to enjoy their local culture New York, city governments are rolling careers in the arts, inspiring the next – helping to get ideas and inspirations and heritage. Culture Seeds will prioritise out discount cards and citywide offers generation of artists and cultural leaders. off the ground. They can kick start an people on lower incomes, and projects with the aim of helping to change this. Major cultural institutions including the arts festival, pay for a generator for which connect communities with less Amsterdam and Vienna are identifying South Bank Centre, Old Vic, BFI and the a pop-up film screening, fund artists access to culture. The Mayor wants to residents on low incomes who are National Theatre will be involved. to lead workshops, or cover the hire support cultural projects that are simple missing out. of a venue for performances, classes but effective. Alongside the fund, all Festival of Creative Ageing in or exhibitions. If more Londoners are grant recipients will be invited to join a There is no single way of increasing Lewisham – with Sadler’s Wells and to engage with culture in their local programme ‘community’ to help build access to culture for everyone. The The Albany, the Festival of Creative community, there must be ways for capacity for those taking part. This will Mayor will launch two pilots in 2018 to Ageing will celebrate how culture can them to access funding and support offer access to resources, surgeries, increase cultural engagement among help people to live longer, happier, more so they can lead, make, programme local borough networks and pan-London different audiences. The first is with independent lives. The centrepiece and participate in it themselves. The opportunities and advice, helping to Transport for London and their Zip will be Christopher Green’s 48-hour Mayor is establishing a new London- make the most of the legacy of grants. Oyster card, enabling London families immersive theatre performance The wide funding programme, called Culture to pair free and discounted travel with Home, devised with older residents. Seeds, offering micro-grants to support Increasing Participation a new package of free and discounted community-led cultural projects in every From the chaotic energy of a sell-out cultural opportunities. The second pilot Film Merton – Merton is taking an single borough. With a total pot of £1 concert at The O2, to the quiet retreat is in partnership with Team London, inventive approach to establishing a million, the Mayor will fund hundreds of a local cinema, there is much to love which will also offer free and discounted new local cinema in the Mitcham area. of creative projects and people. These about London. There are also a huge cultural experiences to incentivise more The project aims to show there’s a real micro-grants will target the grassroots, number of free events across the city. young Londoners to volunteer for their appetite in film, and make the case for supporting organisations that often However, many Londoners are either not city and to gain skills and experience in future investment. miss out on grants because they are aware of what’s on offer, or feel that the the creative industries. too small, are informally constituted, or are from underrepresented groups e.g. BAME or LGBT+. Such organisations are frequently run by volunteers. Team London, the Mayor’s volunteering and social action team, will help them with resources and guidance on making funding applications.

5 London Borough of Culture (2018) Press Release Waltham Forest & Brent crowned first-ever London Boroughs of Culture CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 53

PROGRAMMES, FESTIVALS Today, festivals like the New Year’s Eve by South Asia and its diaspora. It The Mayor supported Lumiere London AND EVENTS Fireworks, Totally Thames, Liberty, Pride attracts a diverse and mixed audience in January 2018, produced by Artichoke. in London and Notting Hill Carnival build and encourages social inclusion, with The light festival attracted an estimated Throughout its history, London has bridges between different communities. approximately a third of the audience 1.5 million visits to 58 installations on been a city of festivals. Some, like St. They are spaces where people from from non-Asian backgrounds.6 The Mayor iconic streets across central London Bartholomew’s Fair, became notorious. all backgrounds come together. For will bring Londoners together through over four days.7 Retailers and business Others, like the Festival of Britain, helped example, the London Mela is a celebration major cultural programmes, festivals and districts worked together to weather shape the South Bank as we know it. of Asian culture and creativity, inspired events. the post-Christmas slump in trade.

6 Nutkhut (2018) London Mela 7 London & Partners (2018) CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 55

To help spread the word, London & As an iconic central London landmark, Partners, the Mayor’s promotional Trafalgar Square is in high-demand for agency, led a digital communication the staging of events. The GLA has a strategy and produced the Lumiere central role in enabling Trafalgar Square app for visitors to download. It was to be used for a wide range of cultural expanded with a trail of spectacular events and festivals – particularly light installations designed by artists those that bring high quality cultural from 14 different countries for locations experiences to all for free, such as Royal across central London, stretching up Opera House or London Symphony north to King’s Cross and down to the Orchestra, and events that engage South Bank. These were made with the London’s communities. The Mayor participation of community groups from provides event support and guidance Barking and Dagenham, Waltham Forest, to external events as a valuable in-kind Croydon and other boroughs. contribution. This is particularly so if it’s organised by a community group with Mayor’s Festival Programme limited resource or experience. The Mayor will continue to fund festivals and events with an emphasis on more Disability Access community involvement, increasing The Mayor also wants to improve access quality, raising profile and improving at events and by 2018 aims to achieve volunteering. The Mayor will fund the the bronze standard Charter for Best following events: Africa in the Square; Practice in Event Accessibility for all Armed Forces Day; Chinese New Year; outdoor public events within his events Diwali; Eid; Feast of St George; Holocaust programme. The ethos of the Charter is Memorial Day; Liberty; London Mela; that Deaf and disabled people should Menora; Notting Hill Carnival; St Patricks be as independent as they want to be Day; Pride in London; Remembrance Day at live events and festivals. The Mayor’s Reception; 7/7 Commemoration Event; long-term aim is to achieve the silver and State of London Debate; Totally Thames gold standard and he will also work with and Vaisakhi. external event partners to encourage them to achieve the Charter or adopt the principles within it. 57

Centenary of Women’s Suffrage 2018 “What draws men The passing of the Representation of the People Act 1918 turned the tide on and women together gender equality, and tripled the size of the electorate. The Act enabled men over is stronger than 21, without regard to property or class, and the first women over 30 in the UK to the brutality and vote. Parliament Square is an important public space for recognising past national tyranny which achievements. In 2018, to commemorate the centenary of women’s suffrage, the drive them apart.” Mayor has commissioned the first ever statue of a woman – Millicent Fawcett Dame Millicent Fawcett GBE - for Parliament Square. Internationally 1847–1929 renowned artist Gillian Wearing OBE, RA Suffragist Campaigner will also be the first woman ever to create a statue for this iconic space.8

This landmark moment is an opportunity to honour the achievements made for women’s rights over the past 100 years, and to encourage further progress. The Mayor has made gender equality an urgent priority and is calling for change through his #BehindEveryGreatCity campaign. Throughout 2018, a programme of culture and heritage events will engage audiences across the city. Over 20 partners will run events inspired by the achievements of women from all sections of society over the last century, driving change for future generations. The Mayor will also commission a brand new street art trail, film screenings, big ticket gigs showcasing London’s female grime and urban artists, and explore the legacy of 1918 through London History Day in schools.

8 The statue has been commissioned by the Mayor of London with 1418 NOW, Firstsite and Iniva to commemorate the Centenary of the Representation of the People Act 1918, through the Government’s national centenary fund. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 59

MUSEUMS Museum of London Non-national and Small Museums With Historic England, the Mayor will The Museum of London celebrates the Across the city, there are a vast publish a public map of the city’s London has some of the best museums capital, inspiring a passion for London range of smaller museums in palaces, museums and heritage infrastructure in the world – from major institutions to and for learning. The museum has sites townhouses, universities, ships, across all boroughs, and will boost their local and unusual collections. Working in central London and Docklands telling dockyards and former warehouses. volunteer infrastructure through Team with London & Partners the Mayor will the story of the city, from its first settlers London is even home to three restored London. help ensure that the capital’s museum to modern times. Over a million people 19th century windmills - in Croydon offer remains a confident, innovative and visit the Museum of London every year. It Upminster and Wimbledon. These The Museum of London provides a diverse one. cares for seven million objects and holds museums cover a wide array of range of grants and loans to support the largest archaeological archive in the distinctive subjects: cartoons; clowns; the capital’s non-national and smaller The Mayor will continue to support a world, with information on excavations in the cinema; magic; Sherlock Holmes; the museums. In 2016-17 it awarded £10,000 ‘family’ of five museums: London over the last hundred years.9 poet Keats; ancient Egypt; freemasonry; to 19 museums to help them with • The Museum of London, including the history of Barnet; Jewish art; collections care.10 These awards ranged Museum of London Docklands; The Mayor has committed £70 million to the Order of St John; dental care; from a project at the Charles Dickens • The Transport Museum; create a landmark Museum of London at comedy; the Post Office; immigration; Museum to confirm the authenticity of a • The Metropolitan Police Heritage West Smithfield. This will save a historic motorcycling; gardening and the armed portrait of his wife Catherine, to support Centre and building for future generations and give forces are just some of them. Many for the relocation of the World Rugby • The London Fire Brigade Museum. the Museum a wonderful new home. The famous Londoners have museums Museum at Twickenham. larger premises in West Smithfield will dedicated to them, often in their former The Mayor will support his family of open up more of the collection than ever homes – including Florence Nightingale, museums, and find ways to help them before, helping the Museum to meet its Queen Charlotte, Sigmund Freud, work together to develop audiences ambition of reaching every schoolchild Isambard Kingdom Brunel, Dora Gordine, further. He will support the new London in the capital and doubling its visitor Dr. Johnson and Charles Darwin. Fire Brigade Museum at the Fire Brigade numbers to two million every year. The Headquarters by 2020, and a new Museum will be part of a new ‘Culture Museum of London in West Smithfield. Mile’, alongside the Barbican, Guildhall School of Music and Drama, London Symphony Orchestra and the City of London Corporation. objects7m are taken care of by the Museum of London

9 Museum of London (2018) What We Collect 10 Museum of London (2017) Grants and funding CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 61

The Museum of London also provides mental health and wellbeing. Culture can funds to Local Authority Museum and play a role within clinical settings and in Archives services, as well as small-scale the wider community. It can help people capital development funds. The Mayor’s maintain good health and wellbeing or core support of the Museum will enable recover from illness. Leading examples it to continue to provide accreditation in the capital include the Royal College support, training and resources for of Music’s award-winning music, London’s non-national and smaller health and mental wellbeing activities, museums, enabling more Londoners to Dulwich Picture Gallery’s Prescription engage with these precious collections for Art referrals for older people at and sites. risk of mental ill health, and the “CW+” project that is transforming Chelsea CULTURE, HEALTH AND WELLBEING and Westminster hospital into a more creative environment. Ballroom dancing reduces the risk of dementia by 76 per cent,11 art therapy helps returning war veterans cope with post traumatic stress12 and visiting a library can make people feel as happy as receiving a £1,300 pay rise.13 There is mounting evidence, commissioned by both arts and health bodies, that creativity and the arts make a significant difference to people’s physical and

11 Verghese M.D., J., Lipton M.D., R.B., Katz M.P.H., M, et. al., (2003); Leisure Activities and the Risk of Dementia in the Elderly 12 American Art Therapy Association, Art Therapy, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Veterans 13 London School of Economics, Quantifying and Valuing the Wellbeing Impacts of Culture and Sport CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 63

There are stark health inequalities across 37% the capital. Women in Tower Hamlets can drop in GP consultation live for 30 years in ill health compared rates has been shown by an to under 12 years for men in Enfield.14 arts-on-prescription project No-one’s health should suffer because of who they are or where they live in the capital. In his Health Inequalities Strategy the Mayor sets out his vision for a healthier and happier London. He sees a role for arts and culture in supporting his vision. The arts can have a profound and positive impact on health and well-being and the Mayor will bring together experts from the health and arts sectors 82% to broker better understanding about of people in deprived the benefits. He will map arts and cultural communities in London, activity aimed at improving mental enjoyed greater wellbeing health and wellbeing across the capital after engaging with the arts to identify opportunities. He will help identify and overcome barriers that limit the use of arts in commissioning health programmes for all communities.

14 GLA (2017) Better Health for All Londoners, p.15 CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 65

Love London - Summary of Policies and Commitments

Policy 1: The Mayor will help build Policy 2: The Mayor will help bring Policy 3: The Mayor will support his Policy 4: The Mayor will promote the and strengthen communities by Londoners together through major ‘family’ of museums. benefits of arts and culture for the investing in local culture. cultural programmes, festivals and health and wellbeing of Londoners. events. Commitments: Commitments: Commitments: Commitments: 3.1 Invest £70m in the Museum 1.1 Deliver two London Boroughs of London’s move to West 4.1 Embed positive outcomes of Culture in 2019 and 2020. 2.1 Deliver an annual programme Smithfield. for health and wellbeing of community events and across the London Borough 1.2 Fund six Cultural Impact festivals, with improved 3.2 Support delivery of the new of Culture, Culture Seeds and Awards for exemplary quality and engagement. London Fire Brigade Museum. others as appropriate. projects in boroughs. 2.2 Help increase volunteering 4.2 Map arts and cultural 1.3 Fund a Creative at festivals. activities, festivals and Entrepreneurs Programme public programmes to help develop the next 2.3 Improve access in the specifically aimed to improve generation of creative Mayor’s events programme, mental health and wellbeing businesses. achieving Bronze Charter. across the capital in order to identify gaps and potential 1.4 Establish Culture Seeds, 2.4 Lead a celebration of the opportunities. a micro-grants programme Centenary of the first to fund grassroots culture. women getting the vote and commission a new statue in 1.5 Launch two pilots to increase Parliament Square. cultural engagement among Londoners. Chapter 4: Culture and Good Growth CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 69

“Culture has The Challenge: London’s population GOOD GROWTH capital. He does not want growth that is rising rapidly. New buildings and leaves Londoners feeling left out, that defined our city infrastructure will put pressure on London is growing fast – and a rising obliterates local character in the name existing culture and heritage; creative population needs new infrastructure. of regeneration, or that undermines through the communities are being priced out of The capital needs more than 66,000 community cohesion.3 People, places the neighbourhoods they are helping new homes a year just to keep up with and prosperity are inseparable to decades, from to regenerate. High numbers of venues demand.1 Public transport will need to the idea of Good Growth. This means have shut down over the past decade. accommodate five million additional balancing the new and the old; reactionary punks Culture and the public realm may be journeys each day by 2041. London ensuring that new buildings do not shut seen as a nice add on but not a priority. needs to find space for 46,000 new jobs down existing cultural facilities and and the cultural and social infrastructure safeguarding the unique character of in the 70s to grime 2 Our Objectives: To find new ways to to support all Londoners. Faster digital local neighbourhoods. music today. help artists and creative businesses connectivity across the city will be put down roots. To take a strategic essential. Rent rises and development The Mayor launched a £70 million Good As well as great approach to integrating culture across are putting creative workspaces at Growth Fund which will run between major developments and infrastructure. risk while industrial spaces are being 2017 and 2021. Through the London transport and To develop the most pro-cultural turned into residential units. The Mayor Economic Action Panel (LEAP) the fund planning framework ever. To develop wants to reverse this trend and increase will invest in civic infrastructure, support roads, London a better understanding of the cultural provision of workspace so that creative small businesses, provide and secure infrastructure needed in the capital. To businesses can thrive in the capital. The workspace, deliver community-led also needs its support, sustain and enhance heritage. Mayor wants to do what he can to help regeneration and enhance public spaces increase provision of creative and artist and cultural venues. It includes a focus soul. It needs workspaces, particularly where they are on investing in cultural infrastructure to affordable. create strong and healthy high streets, culture and local neighbourhoods and communities. The Mayor wants to see what he calls The Mayor’s Culture and Regeneration creativity.” ‘Good Growth’ across the capital. teams will work to support and advise Good Growth means addressing the applications to the fund that enhance Justine Simons OBE stark inequality that exists in the and develop cultural facilities. Deputy Mayor for Culture and Creative Industries

1 GLA (2017) The 2017 London Strategic Housing Market Assessment, p.6 2 GLA (2017) The Draft London Plan December 2017, Transport p.410 3 GLA (2017) Good Growth by Design 71

Creative Enterprise Zones Creative Enterprise Zones will include: The Mayor wants artists and creative • affordable workspace; businesses to feel secure in their own • business development support; neighbourhoods. More and more, • enterprise and skills; creative Londoners are having to • new creative clusters and networking; relocate or leave London due to rising • community links and socially inclusive rents and business rates, or because places; their workspaces are being converted • business rates relief; into homes which they, and many other • super-fast broadband. Londoners, cannot afford. Many neighbourhoods are already known In response to these pressures, the to be emerging centres of creative Mayor is developing London’s first production. The Mayor will identify a ever Creative Enterprise Zones. This a small number of these to develop new major initiative in which the Mayor will ways for artists and creative businesses designate a number of neighbourhoods to be protected and grow, and provide in London and help artists and creative new creative employment opportunities businesses put down roots. The Mayor for communities. Findings will be will invest over £5 million in these places, published and disseminated widely so enabling artists and creative businesses that neighbourhoods not designated to locate together in affordable studios during this mayoral term will benefit from and workspaces. Working with local the shared learning as London tests authorities and cultural organisations, out this innovative policy to help build Creative Enterprise Zones will help creative communities. artists and creative businesses access a range of support.

invested£5m in Creative Enterprise Zones CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 73

Creative Land Trust Currently, there are 298 studio buildings PLANNING FOR CULTURE “ FectorbiFor the first factodis. time The Mayor is addressing the need for in London providing space for 11,500 affordable workspace in the capital. The creative practitioners, including The Mayor will deliver a pro-cultural Apestraever the voculMayor Workspace Provider Board advises the individual artists, designer makers and planning framework to safeguard cultural Mayor on issues around workspace, small businesses. But only 17 per cent of spaces and places in the capital. The 4 vivilhas ensuredventid se the such as business rates and affordability. the buildings are owned under freehold. draft new London Plan will be crucially The shortfall of creative workspace is a To tackle the problem of rising rents in important and sets out a new way of etrestLondon atus Plan tem, priority and is being addressed through a the capital, the Mayor is working with a doing things to support Good Growth in number of programmes. consortium of artist studio providers, the capital. ponsuliwill set outntique how entrepreneurs and philanthropists. Alongside the Creative Enterprise Zones, For the first time ever the Mayor has reiswe can nem plan me forad C. the Mayor is establishing a new Creative The Trust, which is based on successful ensured the draft new London Plan will Land Trust to offer affordable workspace models in cities such as San Francisco, set out how we can plan for culture just Decupioculture just ratuam like we to artists. The Trust will raise capital so will provide faster financing for studio like we do for transport and housing. A that the fund can acquire property which providers. In the long term, artist studios range of policies include strengthened potio,do for sentiurtransport can be rented out at affordable rents. deliver excellent fiscal and social planning protections for pubs and outcomes. However, London’s property creative workspace, and a new policy bitatiand housing. sturniu market is fast-paced, prioritising short to protect late night venues when term returns. Providers need ready residential developments are planned qui sum postia access to finance in order to be able to nearby, by requiring that noise mitigation compete with property developers. measures be taken into account in nuncepoenam.” the new development. The Mayor has published Supplementary Planning Eexeris molores recto optas Guidance on Culture and the Night Time Et eic to bercia cuptas a aut Economy, to help existing planning policy protect and enhance London’s night time culture,5 while achieving a balance with the needs of local residents.

4 GLA (2015) Artist Workspace Study, p.6 5 GLA (2017) Culture and the Night-time Economy - Supplementary Planning Guidance p.12 CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 75

Cultural Infrastructure Plan As part of the Cultural Infrastructure When cities plan for growth they plan for Plan, the GLA will publish an open source housing, transport, hospitals, schools map of London’s cultural facilities. and civic institutions - but not for culture. Londoners can add in cultural spaces The Mayor will develop the first city-wide and places – either where they were evidence base of cultural infrastructure missed first time round, or as they to inform planning and policy. Through emerge, enriching understanding in his Cultural Infrastructure Plan he will every single borough. The map will help identify cultural places and spaces and local authorities and city planners take flag culture at risk. a strategic overview to decision making and Local Plans. Local authorities will be He has already published the first phase able to see cultural facilities in their own, of the plan, identifying heavy losses in and neighbouring, boroughs, allowing music venues across the city as well them to track cold spots, identify as similar losses of pubs and LGBT+ clusters and trends and make fully venues. These findings have informed informed planning decisions. the development of the Rescue Plan for London’s Grassroots Music Venues The Cultural Infrastructure Plan provides report.6 Heavy losses such as these a powerful evidence base that will help show why the Mayor’s draft new London local authorities implement the London Plan is the most pro-cultural ever. Plan, raise awareness of culture and heritage held on risk registers and The Mayor has also published evidence support local decision making through on dance rehearsal spaces, and will Section 106, Community Infrastructure provide further evidence around music Levy, Local Plans and Masterplans. production facilities and creative workspace, and the supply chains that feed creative production in a range of sectors.

6 GLA (2017) Rescue Plan for London’s Grassroots Music Venues p.18 CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 77

Culture at Risk The Mayor has committed to auditing London is a world-class cultural city, and pub and LGBT+ venues annually. The many areas in the capital are thriving. At GLA has formed an alliance with the the same time cultural facilities are at Campaign for Real Ale and is working risk of closure. Within City Hall, London’s directly with a number of owners to save first ever Culture at Risk Office has well-loved venues. This includes a new been set up to safeguard well-loved charter to protect LGBT+ venues and places and spaces that are at risk of working with Enterprise Inns as the first being lost. In its first year, it has helped signatory to save Molly Moggs as an nearly 200 cultural spaces across the LGBT+ venue. capital including grassroots music venues, pubs, theatres, LGBT+ venues, Historic England also keeps the Heritage heritage businesses, artists workspaces at Risk register. In 2017, 45 new entries and cinemas. Examples include Banner were added to the register, including Repeater, a small gallery situated on a Victorian church in Ealing, and the Hackney Downs train platform, and the tomb of a champion sculler in Brompton Kossowski murals on Old Kent Road. The Cemetery.7 office has played an important role in supporting and protecting many of these Damage to cultural heritage assets businesses including high profile cases can include air pollution as many such as the Electric Ballroom, the 100 historic buildings are made from Club, G-A-Y, and the George Tavern. materials, such as limestone, which are particularly vulnerable to corrosion. It is not possible to put the city in aspic, The Mayor’s Transport Strategy and or prevent every closure. Nevertheless, London Environment Strategy seek to there are ways the Mayor is helping to reduce air pollution, which will have a save cultural facilities, from working positive benefit for the capital’s historic directly with building owners to lending buildings. Historic England will work with his support to listing applications. the Mayor to suggest when buildings at risk might be pursued as potential homes for cultural activities and organisations.

7 Historic England (2015) Heritage at Risk – London Register 2015, p.71 CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 79

Sound Design “With so many As London’s population rises, existing cultural venues will come under more smaller pub and risk from residents making complaints, particularly venues that operate at night. club venues in Ensuring that venues and homes can coexist is going to be crucial. The Mayor London and other wants every Londoner to be able to get a good night’s sleep. But he also cities around the wants Londoners to have access to a safe, welcoming and vibrant nightlife world falling victim which supports successful businesses and jobs. to gentrification No local authority or borough police and rising rents, it team wants to see the closure of a successful venue, or the imposition is more important of licence conditions that make the business unviable. The Mayor will than ever that support the local authorities, the police and venues to work together effectively, enlightened and find innovative ways to resolve problems. civic authorities Developers can minimise noise through actively promote good acoustic design. This may include positioning of bedrooms, soft live music and landscaping and soundproofing. They can work closely with venues to manage performance in noise disruption and queues. They can clearly advertise to new tenants or public places.” residents that there is a cultural venue nearby – and they can also enter into a Mark Knopfler OBE ‘deed of easement of noise’ with the local Singer/Songwriter authority. This is a legal contract that ensures every tenant or resident signs an agreement not to complain about any noise under a pre-agreed level. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 81

Through the draft new London Plan the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park Mayor will also encourage a principle The Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park has called ‘Agent of Change’. This principle become a truly special place. But the will help cultural venues and residential legacy of the 2012 Olympics was never developments co-exist in a local area. just about the Olympic Park. It was For example, developers building new always intended to act as a catalyst residential properties will be responsible for wider regeneration in the Stratford for ensuring they are adequately area and across East London. By 2030 soundproofed and designed to reduce it is estimated there will be 125,000 sound from nearby pubs, clubs and live additional jobs in the Host Boroughs. music venues. When the Mayor took office, he reviewed CULTURE AND NEW PLACES the existing plans for the Park which he found unsatisfactory. He subsequently The Mayor wants to challenge found opportunities to raise ambitions preconceived ideas about regeneration and put culture squarely at the centre of and to support change that can help the development. He commissioned a create a city that works better for all new masterplan and design to ensure the Londoners. This is particularly the culture and education offer was integral case with London’s major, long-term to the regeneration of the site. developments, in which culture will be at the heart. The Mayor will integrate For the first time since the creation of culture into major infrastructure and the museums complex in Exhibition Road regeneration projects, new creative in 1851, the Mayor will deliver for the city centres of production, and transport a new world-class arts and education infrastructure. district in the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, set to become one of the largest cultural destinations in Europe. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 83

Studio Wayne McGregor was the first Education is at the heart of this district. There will be an Old Oak Culture Strategy BUILDING THE FACTORIES OF arts organisation to be based in the University College London will build embedding culture into the development THE FUTURE Park. The studio comprises three dance UCL East, a vibrant second campus and enhanced access to nearby studios, including two of the largest in uniting Experiments, Arts, Society and Wormwood Scrubs Parks. It will also London has a proud industrial history. London, and a series of playful spaces Technology (EAST), which will be world create new visitor attractions, give local From shipbuilding to electronics, London in which to collaborate, make and leading in areas as diverse as robotics, residents volunteering opportunities, and has always been a city of talent and create. The Mayor has supported Studio advanced propulsion, manufacturing, the increase skills and create jobs. The area invention. Over time, industries change Wayne McGregor to run its innovative internet of wild things,8 cultural heritage, has also received Great Place Scheme and disappear. London’s creative FreeSpace programme which offers free the urban environment, and innovative Funding from Arts Council England and industries are now world class and the studio space to artists in exchange for finance. Heritage Lottery Fund to embed arts, Mayor wants to explore the feasibility of offering workshops to young people and culture and heritage in local plans and building a new generation of industrial the local community. The London College of Fashion will unify decision making. centres that can make the most of this. all its current sites into one new state The Victoria and Albert Museum will of the art building. This will bring 5,000 The Royal Docks Thames Estuary Production Corridor create V&A East, opening up their fashion students and anchor fashion in London’s Royal Docks is the biggest Stretching from East London to the world-class collection of art, design East London alongside cutting-edge water landscape in London and the coastlines of Essex and Kent, the and performance in unprecedented designers and textiles producers.9 capital’s only designated business Thames Estuary has a long history of ways, and forming a landmark This landmark 21st century culture enterprise zone. The wider area has manufacturing. The Mayor has launched curatorial partnership that will bring and education district will be a game the potential to accommodate up to an ambitious vision to build on this the Smithsonian Institute to the UK for changer for East London and for London 25,500 new homes and 60,000 jobs.11 legacy by making the case for investing the very first time. The partnership will as a whole. It will generate employment, The Mayor and Newham Council are in new centres of creative production bring together the unrivalled collections cultivate the next generation of talent working together to embed culture within on industrial land. Each state-of- and research of these two international and open up East London to the world. this 25-year building and infrastructure the-art facility will create hundreds cultural forces in an unparalleled fashion. development, putting it at the heart of of jobs and apprenticeships, training Old Oak and Park Royal the Thames Estuary Production Corridor. and work experience opportunities Sadler’s Wells will develop a new venue, In London’s largest regeneration project, for local people in the East End and presenting the best dance created for the OId Oak and Park Royal area is Culture will be central to the Royal Docks along the Thames Estuary. This is an mid-scale work all year round. It will also transforming, creating more than 25,500 development. This includes planning for unprecedented opportunity to build establish the country’s first centre for homes, 65,000 jobs and a transport future large scale investment in creative, creative infrastructure on a similar scale choreographic practice and a hip hop super hub bringing HS2, national rail and digital and tech industries. It also means to the financial services infrastructure of academy that will change the way artists the Elizabeth Line together.10 The Mayor early investment in, and long term plans Canary Wharf in the 1980s, potentially develop their work and expand the range will work with the Old Oak and Park Royal for, artist workspace. Festivals and events generating thousands of jobs. of people who create dance. Development Corporation to create a will bring the area to life, and tell the story new commercial centre and cultural of the Docks, past, present and future. quarter around the planned Old Oak Common station, which will be the UK’s largest sub-surface station.

8 UCL News (2017) Smart detectors to monitor urban bat life 9 Evening Standard (2016) Olympicopolis architects on their £1.3 billion vision for E20 10 GLA (2016) OPDC Vision and Mission 11 GLA (2016) Royal Docks and Beckton Riverside Opportunity Area CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 85

Dagenham East Film Studios Fashion District TRANSPORT The River Thames As part of the Thames Estuary Over the past ten years, fashion has The Thames is an iconic waterway, Production Corridor, the Mayor and been coming back to the East End. Many Transport for London is responsible for with a deep history entrenched in the the London Borough of Barking and of the capital’s small and medium sized a heritage portfolio that includes over development of London from a Roman Dagenham have commissioned a fashion businesses are based here. From 200 listed structures. These range from outpost to a global centre of commerce feasibility study into a brand new film Soho to Old Street, the capital’s creative underground and overground stations, to and trade. The Mayor wants to realise studio at Dagenham East. This has shown businesses benefit from clustering mileposts and street furniture. Transport the full potential of the Thames and by that Dagenham East represents a rare together – helping them to work together, for London is also responsible for the animating its bridges, banks and piers, chance to build a Hollywood-scale film develop better networks and address ‘Station Design Idiom’ which recognizes the full length of the river could become studio in London –the first new TV and skills needs. The Mayor is working with and conserves the design heritage that a major draw. The Deputy Mayor for film studio in the capital in 25 years.12 a range of partners and local authorities already exists, such as Harry Beck’s Transport will lead the newly established to grow the emerging fashion districts in tube map, Holden’s stations and Edward Thames and London Waterways Forum, A studio of this size could create around the East End. Johnson’s typeface. Today this also which will develop a new culture vision 780 full time jobs in the local area and inspires great design in all its new for the river. generate £35 million each year for the In practice, this means new commercial projects. UK economy.13 Schools and colleges will studios, fashion business spaces, Lighting the Bridges be able to build strong relationships with manufacturing units, photography and While our transport system has been When culture is integrated into the film industry to unlock careers in film video production facilities, technology a cultural exemplar in many ways, the infrastructure projects it can be used to and TV for young people. The area has a accelerators, cafés and events spaces. Victorian Society has identified that a tackle problems in ways that can become strong manufacturing history, particularly The district has the potential to number of cultural places and heritage attractions in their own right. Led by in the car industry, and through the significantly grow London’s capacity sites are at risk from major transport the Rothschild Foundation the Mayor is studio, the industry of Dagenham’s future for fashion design and high-end projects. With Transport for London, supporting Illuminated River, a project could well be creative. manufacturing. the Mayor will continue to assess the to light every bridge in central London impact of major transport projects such in beautiful and spectacular ways. as the Elizabeth Line on current cultural American light artist Leo Villareal and infrastructure. renowned British architects and urban planners Lifschutz Davidson Sandilands will realise this project.

This major new attraction for the city also t£35mo be generated each has two practical aims: to fill the riverside year by a new film pathways at night with light, making them studio in Dagenham safer and more welcoming and to use the latest technology to replace existing lighting on the bridges, making them more environmentally sustainable.

12 SQW (2017) Dagenham Film Studio Feasibility Study, p.1 13 Film London (2017) Made in Dagenham CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 87

Archaeology and Infrastructure DESIGNING FOR CULTURE Crossrail has shown how culture can be embedded into infrastructure projects. Good architecture and planning can Over a hundred archaeologists have make a real difference between those worked alongside the construction of the places that work and age gracefully, and Elizabeth Line.14 As a result, it is one of those that become expensive eyesores the most extensive archaeological digs and failed urban districts. The Mayor ever seen in the UK and has unearthed has launched Good Growth by Design to archaeological finds from almost every harness London’s world leading design major period of the capital’s history. talent to make the city work for all its These findings went on display at the citizens. Museum of London Docklands in 2017, in what was the museum’s most popular A new social enterprise, Public Practice, exhibition ever. will place a new generation of planners within local government to help shape places for the public good. The Mayor has also appointed 50 architects, planners, design experts and other built environment professionals as the Mayor’s Design Advocates. They will provide a pool of talent, set ambitious design standards, undertake rigorous design reviews and investigate the challenges that face London’s built environment. To make it as easy as possible for developers to produce pro- culture masterplans, the Mayor will also publish a suite of design guides setting out the specifications for a range of creative spaces. ar100+chaeologists have worked on the Elizabeth Line

14 Crossrail (2018), Uncovering a Layer Cake of London’s History CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 89

Not all creative facilities are the same. Public art is an opportunity to give A new dance rehearsal studio may a voice to the complexity of the city, require a sprung or semi sprung floor, its diversity and how it influences our while a new live music venue will perception of the world around us. The require specialist acoustic design. The Fourth Plinth programme in Trafalgar Mayor will produce guides for fashion Square is an exemplar throwing a new manufacturing, artist workspaces, dance light on London’s most historic square. rehearsal studios, and live music venues. Artists like Yinka Shonibare MBE have The design guides will support local used the opportunity to raise questions authority planning teams to provide about the UK’s colonial history and the advice to developers and others. role of the many cultures who shape the country today. Through the Fourth Plinth, PUBLIC ART Londoners become involved in debates about public art and get to comment on Increasing the quality and awareness each proposal. The last shortlist was of high-quality art can help improve the the most international ever and the 12th capital’s public spaces. Public Art has and 13th commissions will be unveiled in evolved beyond freestanding sculpture 2018 and 2020 respectively. to take a wide range of forms – ranging from interactive events to architectural The tube network is arguably the biggest interventions, public performances, gallery in the world with 1.37 billion sound, light and sculpture. It can inhabit ‘visitors’ in the form of passengers per any public space – streets, squares, year.15 Art on the Underground is an hospitals, train stations, facades, international exemplar, spearheading the screens, parks and car parks. Not to commissioning of contemporary public mention plinths. art for the underground network since 2000 from its position within Transport for London.

15 Transport for London (As at February 2018) Facts and figures CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 91

This tradition of embedding public There are not enough dedicated wall art within transport infrastructure will spaces in the capital where street artists continue. The redevelopment of the can practise freely and legally. The Tottenham Court Station has seen the capital’s first bookable open air public restoration of the original Eduardo gallery has opened near Caledonian Paolozzi mosaics alongside a new Road. This is an interesting model which commission ‘Diamond and Circles’ by could potentially be replicated in other French artist Daniel Buren. The Elizabeth parts of the city. With Central St Martins, Line has made a significant effort to the Mayor is piloting a new scheme which bring its new stations and the immediate will give residents a say in how street art surrounding public spaces to life is commissioned. Where local authorities through a programme of permanent art are aware of legal street art walls, there commissions. is an opportunity to advocate for them in their Local Plans and Culture Strategies, For the first time Art on the Underground acknowledging their value to the public has commissioned a year of work realm. exclusively by women artists, to celebrate the centenary of the first Healthy Streets women getting the vote. Most streets in London are dominated by traffic. This has a huge impact on the Street Art Walls health of Londoners and the character of Street murals are an increasingly visible the city. The Mayor’s Transport Strategy part of the London landscape, and aims for 80 per cent of all journeys in are very popular with Londoners and London to be made on foot, by cycle or visitors. At the time of writing, three using public transport by 2041.16 out of the top 10 most popular tours on TripAdvisor are either dedicated street The Healthy Streets Approach is the art tours or feature street art as part of framework through which this important the experience. They are increasingly objective will be met. It has identified popular with Londoners too. There was ten evidence-based indicators of what a local outcry at the removal of a Banksy makes streets attractive and pleasant artwork in Wood Green, with the council places to spend time. This will be used calling for it to be reinstated. to prioritise human health and quality of experience in transport and public realm decisions across London. Doing so will improve health, strengthen communities and increase quality of life.

16 GLA (2017) Mayor’s Transport Strategy – Draft for public consultation, p.11 CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 93

The Mayor’s programme of festivals work with Westminster Council and and events will support the aims of the the Oxford Street retailers to create an Healthy Streets Approach. Many of ambitious programme of public realm the Business Improvement Districts in and public art developments as part of London are also focussed on improving this transformation. the experience of the high street. The Mayor has partnered with Arts Council SUPPORTING DIVERSE HERITAGE England and King’s College London to research how Business Improvement The distinctive, diverse character of Districts are key allies for local London and Londoners is marked in the culture. The Mayor will help Business fabric of the city’s historic buildings Improvement Districts develop culture and places. They have born witness strategies. He will facilitate networking to local, national and global history. and sharing best practice, to ensure even Together, these weave a rich tapestry more successful collaboration between across London. Many Londoners have businesses and cultural organisations. roots stretching back to other countries. Heritage connects people to these roots Providing things to see and do is – like the Horniman Museum’s work with an essential part of making streets the city’s Congolese community, or the appealing, so London’s cultural offer Black Cultural Archives celebrating the is central to achieving these important history of diverse peoples of African and aims. Furthermore, making it easier for Caribbean descent. Londoners to request regular street closures can help shift perceptions Heritage is central to London’s about the role of our streets. It can help international reputation, but it is also people see that streets can be planned inextricably linked to quality of life and for people – for community events, communal identity. Across the UK, 93 per cultural activities and for spaces where cent of residents say that local heritage children can play. has a positive impact on their personal quality of life while four fifths of people The Oxford Street transformation will think it makes their area a better place improve the quality and quantity of to live. Area or street heritage binds space for pedestrians with the aim of communities, helps make communities producing the world’s best outdoor safer and more secure, and allows culture shopping experience. The Mayor will to thrive.17

17 Historic England (2017) Heritage Counts 2017 - Heritage and Society, p.5 CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 95

London is special; the city is home to London’s heritage delivers tangible The Mayor is embedding support for “WeFectorbi fully welcome factodis. some of the world’s most treasured benefits too. Heritage directly heritage within new masterplans for and unique places. Its enduring pattern contributed £3.2 billion to London’s Royal Docks and Old Oak and Park Apestrathe Mayor’s vocul of streets, public spaces and layers economy in 2014. Heritage tourism Royal. The GLA will support the work of of historic development are core generated £13.4 billion in spending by Historic England and Heritage Lottery vivilinitiative ventid and se we ingredients in the rich mix of features visitors in London in 2015. The repair and Fund. For example, by continuing to that make the city so wonderful and maintenance of historic buildings directly identify heritage places and spaces at etrestare pleased atus tem, to get diverse. Historic places like Soho, generates £3 billion in heritage-related risk in London; and supporting listing Shoreditch, Brixton and Bayswater give construction output.20 and funding applications as the GLA has ponsulito a stage ntique where rise to the culture that makes our city. previously done with the Royal Vauxhall It is crucial that Local Plans explain Tavern and Alexandra Palace. reispubs nem are mevalued ad C. in Every London borough has its own rich how new buildings and infrastructure heritage, from palaces to pubs (there are will contribute to Good Growth and the The Mayor will work with Historic England Decupiosuch an important ratuam over 200 listed pubs all over the capital). identity of places. Local Plans have a and developers so that new buildings and London’s heritage offer is extraordinarily very important role to play in helping infrastructure co-exist alongside cultural 18 potio,planning sentiur policy.” varied. The city has four UNESCO the city retain its unique character. The facilities and heritage. heritage sites,19 and a vast array of policies in the draft new London Plan John Cryne bitati sturniu21 historic spaces and places that span the will set out how local authorities should The Mayor will also ensure that the value Chair of CAMRA - North centuries – from the Roman amphitheatre address heritage, including heritage at of London’s architectural and landscape quiLondon sum branch postia beneath the Guildhall to the Grade II risk, character and placemaking in their heritage is considered fully as part of listed “Rom” skatepark built in Romford in Local Plans. the planning process. He will continue nuncepoenam.” 1976. to work with London & Partners, the promotional agency for London, to Eexeris molores recto optas champion heritage as the foundation Et eic to bercia cuptas a aut of much of the capital’s unique tourism offer.

Through Good Growth, it is possible to build a more inclusive and sustainable city; that is an inviting place to live, work is£ contributed3.2b to and visit, and supports the health and London’s economy wellbeing for all Londoners. directly from heritage

18 Historic England (As at February 2018) Listing Data 19 Visit Britain (2017) London’s UNESCO World Heritage Sites 20 Historic England (2017) Heritage Counts 2017 - Heritage and the Economy, London, p.2 21 CAMRA - The Campaign for Real Ale CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 97

A GREENER, CLEANER CITY industry to take action by switching In the arts and creative industries, “People ask, their premises to a green energy tariff digitalisation is driving a shared London’s creative industries are leaders by 2020. This is in line with the Mayor’s economy, encouraging people to ‘what can I do in supporting a sustainable and circular vision to make London a zero-carbon city repurpose things that would otherwise economy. This includes fashion that is by 2050. At its launch, Switch to Green have been thrown away. The Forest to help save the ethically sourced, cultural venues that was supported by major designers and Recycling Project in Waltham Forest are sustainably run and eco-friendly retailers including Marks and Spencer, collects surplus, leftover paint from environment?’ In design. Culture can support positive Selfridges and Stella McCartney. Re-use and Recycling centres and behaviours and inspire Londoners to take commercial companies and sells it to all my time as an stewardship over the future of their city. Circular Economy artist and community groups at low cost. In our present linear economy, people Globechain and Olio are good examples activist, I’ve never A rising population has an impact on make things, use them, and dispose of web platforms developed in London the environment. Air quality is the of them. A circular economy aims to to aid sharing of furniture, construction had a satisfactory most pressing environmental threat to design out waste from the start. Goods materials and food. The internet is the future health of London. Reducing are made to be durable and carefully enabling products that are no longer answer. Now we impacts on the environment is a top designed so they can be repaired rather wanted by their initial owner to be shared priority for the Mayor and everyone than replaced. A circular economy makes or sold on. know: SWITCH to needs to play their part, including the better use of resources which minimises creative and cultural industries. the negative impact on the environment a Green Energy while helping everyone save money. The Mayor has recently endorsed the Coupled with moves to renewable energy supplier.” British Fashion Council and Vivienne sources - there is the chance to achieve Westwood “Switch to Green” campaign. real change. Dame Vivienne Westwood DBE This campaign asks the fashion Fashion Designer CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 99

Culture and Good Growth - Summary of Policies and Commitments

Green Spaces The Mayor has committed £9 million Policy 5: The Mayor will support Policy 6: The Mayor will deliver a Londoners love their local parks and through his Greener City Fund to help and help to protect creative and pro-cultural planning framework green spaces, and the Mayor has made a increase tree cover and help improve the artist workspaces, particularly and help to safeguard existing commitment to make London the world’s quality and accessibility of green spaces where they are affordable. cultural facilities. first National Park City. At present, about for Londoners. 47 per cent of London is classified as Commitments: Commitments: green or blue open space,22 making Green Leaders London one of the greenest cities in the Leadership is also crucial. In alignment 5.1 Deliver up to of three 6.1 Published the most pro- world in proportion to its size. The Mayor with the Paris climate agreement, Julie’s Creative Enterprise Zones. culture draft new London wants this to rise to 50 per cent by 2050. Bicycle and the World Cities Culture Plan yet - including Forum are launching a Leadership 5.2 Establish and seed fund a policies to protect creative London’s green spaces help shape the Resource for Culture in cities across the Creative Land Trust. workspace, artist studios, cultural identity of an area, are part globe identifying strategies and good clubs and pubs. of its unique character and provide a practice to take action on climate change sense of place for local communities. through culture. 6.2 Produce a Cultural The yew tree in St. Andrew’s Churchyard Infrastructure Plan to in Totteridge is estimated to be 2,000 identify what is needed in years old, making it the oldest living order to sustain London’s tree in London.23 There are 151 historic future as a cultural capital. landscapes registered on the National Heritage List in London, from the Grade 6.3 Support culture at risk II Parliament Square to Grade II* Victoria through the Culture At Risk Park.24 office.

6.4 Ensure the draft new London Plan will contain policies to help venues and homes co-exist, like the Agent of Change principle.

22 GLA London Assembly (2017) Green Spaces Scoping Note 23 National Churches Trust (2018) 24 Historic England (2018) The Heritage List CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 101

Culture and Good Growth - Summary of Policies and Commitments (continued)

Policy 7: The Mayor will integrate Policy 8: The Mayor will champion Policy 9: The Mayor will support Policy 10: The Mayor will work culture into major infrastructure high quality design, architecture London’s diverse historic with industry, leaders and experts projects. and public art. environment. in culture and sustainability to support a greener and cleaner Commitments: Commitments: Commitments: London environment.

7.1 Establish a new culture and 8.1 Support high quality 9.1 Ensure heritage is Commitments: education district at the architecture and design considered in the Queen Elizabeth Olympic through Good Growth by masterplans for Royal Docks 10.1 Advocate for the creative Park. Design and the Mayor’s and Old Oak and Park Royal. industries to become Design Advocates. circular, sustainable and ‘go 7.2 Help plan a new cultural 9.2 Work with Historic England green’. quarter at Old Oak and a 8.2 Publish a suite of design and Heritage Lottery Fund, creative cluster in the Royal guides to help developers by continuing to identify 10.2 Produce a leadership Docks. embed culture. heritage places and resource tool for cities spaces at risk in London identifying strategies to 7.3 Establish the case for 8.3 Commission new public and supporting listing and take action on climate investment for centres of art for the Fourth Plinth in funding applications. change through cultural creative production along the Trafalgar Square. interventions. Thames Estuary, including a 9.3 Work through London new film studio at Dagenham 8.4 Champion Art on the & Partners to champion East. Underground and endorse heritage as the foundation of the commissioning of new much of the capital’s unique 7.4 Help to develop the new East artworks for Crossrail. tourism offer. London Fashion District. 8.5 Support Business 7.5 Assess how new transport Improvement Districts to projects will impact existing develop culture strategies. culture/heritage places and spaces. 8.6 Create an ambitious programme of public realm 7.6 Light the central London and public art developments bridges with an artist-led as part of the Oxford scheme with the Illuminated Street transformation with River Foundation. Westminster City Council. Chapter 5: Creative Londoners CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 105

The Challenge: Automation will THE FUTURE IS CREATIVE Creativity will separate us from robots, “CreativeFectorbi jobs factodis. are change the shape of tomorrow’s so we need to start planning for creative workforce. Creative subjects are A decade ago, few people had heard of skills in the same way we currently Apestrathe ones vocul least being deprioritised in schools. Despite an app, let alone an app developer. Only plan for infrastructure. And we need to its exponential growth, the creative the savviest of marketing departments nurture the right confidence, literacies vivillikely ventid to be sedone workforce is far from representative were starting to weigh up the benefits of and range of experiences so that people of London’s population. A lack of recruiting social media managers and the can engage in this next stage of the etrestby robots atus in tem, the diversity means a narrowing of talent idea of earning money by creating videos technological revolution. to fuel creative industries’ future. for YouTube was met with scepticism. ponsulifuture. Why? ntique International talent risks being This must start the moment a London discouraged by Brexit. Today, the Fourth Industrial Revolution child begins school. Children should have reisBecause nem meyou ad can’t C. is well underway. An estimated 65 per the opportunity to engage with many Our Objectives: To support cent of children entering primary school art forms at school: to learn how to play Decupioautomate ratuam the London’s young creatives with more today will end up in a job that does not musical instruments, read a variety of opportunities to develop their talent currently exist.1 Technological advances books, write creatively, draw, paint and potio,imagination.” sentiur and skills. To work with culture and from artificial intelligence to robotics dance. Culture in schools helps young creative businesses to level the playing are powering a new wave of automation. people from different backgrounds work bitatiJustine Simons sturniu OBE field for diverse talent to enter the Machines are matching humans in a and socialise together. It develops our Deputy Mayor for Culture and the creative industries. To improve training range of tasks. Up to 30 per cent of jobs future creative talent pipeline, but the quiCreative sum Industries postia and encourage creatives to put down in London are at risk of automation over impacts go further. The Cultural Learning roots in London. the next twenty years.2 Alliance has used large-scale cohort nuncepoenam.” studies to demonstrate that learning The shape of tomorrow’s workforce will through arts and culture improves Eexeris molores recto optas be very different – but not necessarily attainment in all subjects with music Et eic to bercia cuptas a aut in every industry or occupation. Cultural boosting academic performance and and creative jobs look set to weather the theatre education improving reading storm of automation, with 87 per cent of and writing.4 highly creative occupations thought to be at low risk.3

1 World Economic Forum (2016) Human Capital Outlook - ASEAN, p.1 2 Deloitte / Frey, C B., and Osborne, M., (2015) From brawn to brains – The impact of technology on jobs in the UK, p.3 3 NESTA / Bakkshl, H., Fred, C. B., and Osborne, M., (2015) Creativity v Robots – The creative economy and the future of employment, p.6 4 Cultural Learning Alliance (2011) ImagineNation: The Case for Cultural Learning CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 107

The Mayor believes that the arts have London Curriculum The London College of Fashion has “Every child is born been downgraded in schools in response The London Curriculum uses the city developed a new Fashion Unit for the to growing pressures on school budgets, itself to bring lessons to life, with free London Curriculum to promote the wide with the capacity changes in how schools are rated in teaching resources covering arts and range of careers in the fashion industry league tables and difficulties in teacher sciences for Key Stages 2 and 3.5 in schools and youth projects. to imagine – but recruitment and retention. As well as the Teachers in more than 80 per cent opportunities for young people across of London’s secondary schools and The Mayor’s Culture and Education today children the many programmes in this strategy, more than 300 primary schools have teams hosted the first ever London from London Borough of Culture to accessed these resources for use in the History School Day in 2017. This was have less time Creative Enterprise Zones, the initiatives classroom. In 2017, the Mayor created in partnership with Museum of London below focus on extending their learning, five new Family Explorer Trails, to help and Historic England who lead the and space than development and experience. families find out more about London London History Day Campaign. The first and have fun. It is backed by 80 cultural event was a success with over 2,000 ever to flex their The Mayor will support culture in and out organisations, form Sadler’s Wells to the downloads of the teacher’s resource of schools to develop young talent - from National Portrait Gallery and the National packs from the London Curriculum online imaginations and budding musicians and young artists, to Theatre, which offered schools behind portal. general readers. The Mayor wants culture the scenes tours from its Sherling High- the skills children embedded across the curriculum. Level Walkway. The Museum of London are expert advisers and champions need for the future The Royal Society for the Arts has of the programme – involved from the developed the ‘City of Learning’ model. very start. The Museum has written the are changing. This approach mobilises the local Key Stage 3 history units and ensures community behind a culture of learning. that content in all teaching resources is 6 We’re creating Everyone, but especially those from historically accurate. underserved communities, can benefit a climate where from much greater access to the wealth of cultural enrichment and experiences ideas can thrive.” on offer. The Mayor will explore how this model could work for London. Gareth Binns Chief Executive of the Institute of Imagination

5 The London Curriculum aims to support the National Curriculum and helps bring subjects to life through the lens of London, but it is not mandatory for schools to deliver. 6 London Curriculum (2018) CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 109

Fourth Plinth Schools Awards The Fourth Plinth sculptures are the 3,400 source of much debate, and every students took part year thousands of London’s primary and secondary schoolchildren create artworks inspired by them and Trafalgar Square. There were 3,400 entries in 2017, an increase of 25 per cent on the previous year, and with submissions from every London Borough. Entries focussed on Brexit, climate change, migrants and migration as well as cups of tea and urban foxes. Complex subjects 25% are treated with warmth and humour, increase of showing us what it means to be a young participants on person in London today. A gallery of this previous years year’s entries can be found online7 along with a Fourth Plinth Schools Awards Teachers’ Resource Pack that can be used as inspiration for teachers to engage their class.

7 Fourth Plinth Schools Awards 2018 CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 111

The London Music Fund Busk in London During the summer every year, the £300k London’s musical talent is among the A busking musician animates the public public realm will continue to become annual fund to best in the world. The Mayor wants to realm and brings live music to the the backdrop to a citywide busking develop young help the capital’s musicians to practise streets of London. For young musicians, competition. From St. Pauls to Battersea musicians’ potential their talent and progress. Many talented busking is a chance to perform in front Power Station, young musicians compete young musicians cannot afford to of an audience, often for the first time. to become London busker of the year. train after primary school and without It helps them build confidence, learn This talent competition helps the next support, we will fail to nurture the how to connect with audiences, and generation of musicians to get out there musicians of the future. test new material. In the age of social and be heard. Previous participants have media, busking can help young musicians been talent-spotted, offered places on With an annual fund of around £300,000, promote themselves and build a fan base. tours, and have even landed themselves the London Music Fund helps thousands recording contracts. of children and young people develop Through Busk in London, the Mayor aims their musical potential – in the past to protect public and private spaces FROM CARPENTERS TO CATERERS 4 year five years, the Fund has worked for busking. The GLA has established a scholarships with almost 9,000 aspiring young Buskers’ Code to ensure good practice Creative Londoners are not just on our and opportunities musicians.8 The Mayor is Patron and has and will work with private landowners to stages, screens or billboards. Nearly for young musicians provided £150,000 to support young create more opportunities for musicians 40 per cent of the jobs in film, TV, musicians, who otherwise could not to perform. Busking on the tube can radio and photography are ‘behind the afford to participate, in every London have a calming and positive effect on scenes’ requiring technical, craft or borough. The Fund provides four-year commuters and Transport for London analytical skills.10 The Mayor wants to scholarships and opportunities for young supports high quality busking and music shine a light on this staggering range musicians to learn from, and perform on the London Underground. of jobs: carpenters building elaborate alongside, professionals. Over 65 per theatre sets; electricians taking charge cent of the young people supported of complex cabling on film locations; come from BAME backgrounds.9 accountants who make sure creative 9,000 enterprises run on budget and public aspiring young relations experts who devise marketing musicians helped campaigns to help firms build their in the last 5 years reputation and reach new customers. The Mayor will help more Londoners get employment in the creative industries.

8 London Music Fund (2018) Impact Report 2018 9 Ibid. 10 Office of National Statistics (2017 update) Breakdown of Creative Economy in London 2012 to 2016 113

Opening Doors to the and guidance officers, helping them Creative Workforce develop fit-for-purpose careers and The Mayor wants every schoolchild to business engagement strategies for their have 100 hours experience of the world student bodies. The Mayor wants more of work by age 16. London Ambitions creative business leaders to become is an online platform that enables more Enterprise Advisers – particularly women schools and colleges to find high- and those from a BAME background. He quality careers education programmes, wants to help more children discover work experience, internships and first-hand the array of exciting creative apprenticeships. This gives teachers careers on offer whilst they are at school. and students access to impartial, independent and personalised careers The Mayor is also supporting the British advice. The Mayor wants to use London Fashion Council to enable more young Ambitions to enable more young people people to pursue a fashion career. The to explore their creative talents through British Fashion Council has joined forces work experience and to consider careers with the Saturday Club Trust to run in the creative industries. Fashion and Business Saturday Clubs. Young people aged 14 to 16 are getting Creative figures, entrepreneurs and the opportunity to study fashion and artists can be an enormous inspiration business at their local college for free. to young people, making tangible what This includes expert tuition in a variety is possible. The Mayor’s Enterprise of fashion design techniques with a Advisers Network links volunteer senior strong emphasis on enterprise skills and business leaders to school information industry masterclasses. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 115

Getting the Right Skills A further 100 trainees will be supported The Mayor wants the capital’s Further ENSURING EQUAL CHANCES The Mayor’s Digital Talent Scheme annually with masterclasses, seminars Education premises to aspire to this level FOR ALL is investing £7 million to help 18 to and training workshops. He wants to see of excellence. Through his £110 million 24-year-olds, particularly young women Government policy and programmes Skills for Londoners Further Education Right now, many creative workers come and Londoners from diverse ethnic and around Apprenticeships, including Capital Fund, the Mayor will help further from advantaged backgrounds, which disadvantaged backgrounds, get the the Apprenticeship Levy, work for the education colleges and private providers means that one of their parents had a right skills to fill digital, creative and creative industries. This will need to modernise their campuses and facilities. high-level job often with a high salary.11 technology occupations. The Mayor be shaped around creative working People from advantaged backgrounds has already contributed £300,000 for practices – often freelance and project- Businesses also need support. The may benefit from financial backing to three projects focused on developing based. The Apprenticeship Training Mayor has appointed the Skills for see them through the first years of low digital skills that support the visual arts, Agency may provide a useful model. Londoners Taskforce to help London’s paid creative work, making an unfair marketing and games industries. businesses gain the skills they need to playing field for those who can’t take up Further education also plays a crucial succeed. The Taskforce has launched such positions. They are also more likely Many creative roles can be well served role. London’s Further Education needs a Skills Strategy for London which to have access to valuable contacts through apprenticeship training. The premises that are modern and fully kitted highlights the creative industries as a key and networks to help get started and Mayor will encourage the creative out, fit for purpose and able to adapt for sector for skills development. The Mayor progress their careers. This means that industries to develop more Creative the future. London benefits from a range will work with creative leaders, sector for many young Londoners, a lack of Apprenticeship standards and establish of fantastic higher education facilities skills councils and training providers to money, familial support, connections and more apprenticeships. For example, – from the Virtual Engineering Lab at understand the nuanced needs of the knowhow can be immovable barricades the Mayor supports the British Fashion South Bank University to the workshops creative industries. To begin, he will work to even knowing where creative jobs are Council, who have developed a Fashion at Central St Martins that support with the screen industries to develop a available, let alone how to get one. Studio Apprenticeship, a new pathway everything from costumes to ceramics. screen skills plan for London. to the luxury fashion industry. With Film London, the promotional agency for London’s screen industries, the Mayor will support 75 traineeships for film, television and animation each year.

11 London School of Economics Research Online / Oakley et al. (2017) Cultural Capital: Arts graduates, spatial inequality, and London’s impact on cultural labour market CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 117

London needs more women games By better connecting London’s diverse programmers. More working-class talent creative talent to training and jobs, producing and performing. More BAME fostering more inclusive recruitment talent writing and film making. More Deaf practices, and nurturing creative and disabled artists leading cultural entrepreneurialism in more Londoners programmes. Greater gender diversity while continuing to attract the best on senior executive teams boosts talent in the world, London can lead the performance,12 while the most ethnically creativity revolution. diverse companies are likely to have better than average financial returns.13 Increasing Diversity in the Workforce More than that, it is just simply fair. The The Mayor will strive to achieve a step Mayor will do all he can to help increase change in the diversity and inclusivity diversity within the creative workforce. of the creative workforce. He will partner with a range of industry bodies There are many barriers to diverse talent to look at practical ways to open up entering creative employment: too few creative employment to people from opportunities to develop talent early in every background. The Mayor’s Cultural life; a lack of diverse role models at all Leadership Board has made diversity levels; poor perceptions of the viability and inclusion a priority – commissioning of a career in the arts; low paid and even research to understand how to address unpaid work at entry-level positions; lack these challenges, seeking ideas that may of transparency in recruitment; biased work at scale and identifying what gaps promotion practices and replication of exist that the Mayor could fill. gender, diversity and socio-economic disparities at the top of businesses and organisations.

12 Creative Industries Federation (2015) Creative Diversity report 13 McKinsey (2015) Diversity Matters CULTURECULTURE FORFOR ALLALL LONDONERSLONDONERS 119

“We live in a world The Mayor is leading by example at City It will take an industry-wide effort to The Mayor is currently developing Hall. He has delivered an audit of gender make a real change to the diversity of a Good Work Standard which could where matters of pay gaps across his staff. The Mayor has the creative workforce. The Mayor will support creative businesses to be more set a target of achieving equal gender bring together industry leaders, diversity inclusive. To achieve this exemplar, race and ethnicity balance on all of his boards, including campaigners and strategic partners to businesses will demonstrate they offer his Cultural Leadership Board, and develop a set of recommendations aimed fair pay, excellent working conditions, are down played wants them to be more representative at unlocking greater diversity. They will promote diversity and inclusion, work- of London’s diverse population. He has look at how the Mayor’s existing careers, life balance, health and wellbeing, in order to fulfil made supporting women into leadership employment and work programmes can provide opportunities for professional roles a top priority. support significant change within the development and give employees the more abstract creative industries. a voice. Supporting strong leaders from industry ‘creative diversity’. is key to unlocking more diversity in There is a risk that improvement on Creative firms are often fewer than the sector. Backing Sir Lenny Henry’s diversity and inclusion in the creative ten people, lacking in resource, time We all know that campaign, the Mayor has called on industries will be impeded where and expertise to change recruitment Ofcom to adopt new measures to unlawful unpaid internships persist. practices. Large corporations have ‘if you can’t see, increase diversity in broadcasting. The purpose of unpaid internships is dedicated resources to deliver graduate The British Fashion Council appointed to provide interns with training that recruitment events and attend jobs you can’t be.” Adwoa Aboah as their Positive Fashion could be given to them in an education fairs. There is huge appetite to make Ambassador for Model Health and environment. the creative industries as diverse and Sir Lenny Henry CBE Diversity, who will help lead the charge inclusive as possible. But access to Actor and Comedian on change and use fashion as a positive The Citizens UK Good Jobs campaign the right tools, guidance and networks platform to inspire future generations.14 suggests internships or work experience is needed. The Mayor will work with longer than 4 weeks should be paid at partners, including creative businesses, least the relevant National Minimum to explore how creative enterprises Wage rate for the person’s age range can make recruitment processes more and lead to a job paid at least the Living inclusive. Wage. There are still pockets of bad practice among creative employers across the capital.

14 British Fashion Council (2018) Positive Fashion CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 121

Creative Londoners - Summary of Policies and Commitments

Policy 11: The Mayor will support Policy 12: The Mayor will help more Policy 13: The Mayor will help culture in and out of schools to Londoners get employment in the to increase diversity within the develop young talent. creative industries. creative workforce.

Commitments: Commitments: Commitments:

11.1 Deliver the London 12.1 Improve careers guidance, 13.1 Champion and advocate Curriculum with a strong and opportunities for business practices that emphasis on culture and creative careers through create more diversity. heritage. This includes London Ambitions and the Family Explorer Trails, which Mayor’s Enterprise Advisers 13.2 Support creative businesses open up London with free, Network. to take up the Good Work area-based walks providing Standard. access to the city’s cultural 12.2 Increase digital skills for assets. the creative industries through the Digital Talent 11.2 Deliver the annual Fourth Scheme, especially for young Plinth School Awards. women and Londoners from diverse and disadvantaged 11.3 Support young musicians backgrounds. through the London Music Fund. 12.3 Fund job and training placement initiatives within 11.4 Deliver Busk in London, the fashion and screen an annual competition industries. for younger buskers. 12.4 Through the Skills for Londoners capital fund, invest in Further Education facilities, including creative and digital.

12.5 Work with industry leaders, starting with the screen industries, to develop creative industry skills plans for the capital. Chapter 6: World City CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 125

Impact of the Creative Industries in London

London is one of the world’s great creative cities.

The Challenge: Brexit risks having LONDON IS OPEN a negative impact on London’s reputation, discouraging overseas The Mayor wants to preserve b in talent and inward investment. Domestic and enhance London’s global generated£47 by jobs1 in London6 are funding is being directed out of competitiveness on all fronts so that London’s creative in the creative London. Other cities in the UK and people and businesses from around industries per annum economy abroad will develop more competitive the world continue to choose London. incentives. London & Partners’ research within key international markets shows that more Our Objectives: To present an open, tourists travel repeatedly to London for welcoming and inclusive face to the culture than any other reason.1 world. To lobby Government for a good deal for culture from Brexit. To lobby An attractive offer also helps us retain Creative Workers for flexible migration. To encourage creative talent from all over the world. are 22% more 31m international talent and investment. To London’s creative workers are among % productive than visitors welcomed promote the capital’s cultural offer. To the most productive in the country, 22 the average worker to London in 2016 support creative industries. and their ideas and businesses attract the fourth highest amount of foreign direct investment by project, ahead of advanced engineering and biotechnology and pharmaceuticals.2 The creative industries punch well above their weight in economic terms. They are one of the fastest growing parts of the economy. rd They contribute £47 billion per annum 3 £100m 110,000 to London, and the creative economy 3 largest film industry generated by Fashion international students accounts for one in six jobs. in the world Weeks in sales attracted to London a year

£25m 48% £3b new orders each year increase in exports value of the UK’s due to London Design of UK creative services music industry Festival between 2009 – 2014 per year

1 London & Partners (2017) A Tourism Vision for London - Tourism Strategy August 2017 2 Department for International Trade. One hundred and fifty one (151) projects received FDI in 2016/17 behind Business and consumer services at 211 projects. 3 GLA Economics (2017) London’s creative industries – 2017 update CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 127

“There is nothing Following the EU referendum, the Mayor The Mayor stands with Londoners in The future status of EU nationals in launched #LondonisOpen – a major solidarity against terrorist attacks. He the UK will be part of the Withdrawal quite like London’s campaign to show that London is open will continue to send a message here Agreement. The Mayor has called on for business, open to visitors, open for and around the world – that London Government to make this clear as soon West End in investment and open to the world. Ten is resilient, that this city will never be as possible. Any future process for visual artists created works inspired by cowed by terrorism or hate, and that the confirming their status needs to be the Summer. the values of openness. Artworks were capital will always remain welcoming and simple and comprehensive. The Mayor on posters across every tube station open. also wants to help EU nationals in London Theatreland really and on digital and media platforms to to have access to the information and issue a message of unity and welcome to The Mayor will work with artists and advice they need. He believes the UK’s comes alive and Londoners and visitors. cultural organisations to promote London long term position should continue to as an open and welcoming city. be in support of EU nationals living and the atmosphere in In 2017, a new campaign launched working in the UK. to promote the capital’s amazing Brexit summertime offer to provide confidence Over half of the UK’s creative service The Mayor published a report in early the theatre each 4 to domestic and international visitors as export is to the European Union and 2018, which demonstrated that the well as Londoners. Illustrator Sir Quentin one third of London’s creative jobs are creative industries in London could lose evening is electric. 5 Blake created an image to celebrate filled by international talent. During £1 billion of anticipated growth until I love the energy the capital as a welcoming city and to the EU referendum campaign, the 2030 in the event of a hard Brexit.7 The encourage tourists, which was displayed Mayor argued strongly for the UK to Mayor has established a Brexit Advisory of a London across the tube network. The campaign remain in the European Union. However, Group with dedicated representation has had a positive response overseas he respects the outcome of the vote from the creative industries to provide audience; it’s so and across the domestic creative and now believes that the UK must insights into needs and priorities. His community. Theatres, music venues, prioritise protecting jobs and economic Cultural Ambassadors will also convene unique and can’t cinemas and many others have joined the growth. Retaining membership in the industry roundtables and taskforces Mayor to support #Londonisopen. Single Market and qualified freedom of throughout the negotiations. London be beaten.” movement is the best way to protect & Partners is working to reassure Many global cities now face a threat economic prosperity in London international investors and firms that Miranda Hart from terrorism, and there have been maintaining the access to talent which London remains open for business and Actor attacks in London and many other is vital to economic success. The Mayor talent. parts of the world – Barcelona, Paris, will advocate for the best possible Istanbul, Baghdad, Brussels, Cairo, Brexit deal for the cultural and creative Tehran, Manchester to name only a few. industries.

4 Creative Industries Federation (2016) Brexit Report 5 Office of National Statistics (2017 update) Breakdown of Creative Economy in London 2012 to 2016 6 Cambridge Econometrics (2018) Preparing for Brexit: Clarity from complexity CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 129

Valuing International Talent London attracts nearly 110,000 Part of the solution is an immigration 1/3 International talent is central to London’s international students each year, and system that is fit for purpose and of the creative success. International Londoners bring with thousands of art and design reflective of 21st century ways of workforce in London wider contexts, new cultural references students graduating annually, the working. This must include flexibility for 8 is international and innovative ways of thinking that city is flowing with brilliant and bold talented freelancers and entrepreneurs enhance the skills of their UK colleagues. energy.12 These young inspiring and to come and work at short notice and talented individuals are the oil in our on a short-term basis. It is partly for this A common route for international creative engine. It is important London reason that the Mayor wants the UK to talent to come to the capital is through continues to be viewed by all as open remain a member of the Single Market London’s leading higher education and welcoming and the Mayor advocates to ensure, amongst other things, that institutions, with creative art and design for the removal of international students the UK has access to the talent needed one of the top three most popular from the annual net migration target as to drive jobs and growth. The Mayor subjects studied.10 The Royal Academy a matter of urgency. The UK needs to will work with the creative industries of Art and Central St Martins are the adopt a positive and proactive position to develop the evidence and outline 55% number one schools in the world for – one that welcomes international the needs of the creative industries increase in art and fashion design respectively. students and provides clear routes for to Government. He will continue to the number of Conservatoires like the Royal College talent to work here after graduating. advocate for the rights of EU nationals creative jobs of Music and Royal Academy of Drama and a future immigration system for EU held by workers Art are the object of many talented and non-EEA nationals that support from European young people’s training aspirations. The London’s creative economy. Economic Area creative higher education institutions between 2012 are often smaller than traditional 9 universities but they play a significant and 2016 role in the capital’s cultural life and economy. The Government needs to recognise the quality and expertise of these institutions, for example by including more of them in its streamlined visa service for international Masters Students.11

8 GLA Economics (2017) London’s creative industries – 2017 update 9 Ibid. 10 London Higher (2017) The Creative Capital, p.22 11 GOV.UK (2017) Twenty three universities join student visa pilot 12 London & Partners (2017) Top 10 facts about studying in London CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 131

“I’m always proud THE CREATIVE INDUSTRIES London now has the third largest film London and the UK are Europe’s leading industry in the world. In 2016, investment international hub for broadcasting and to come home to Twenty years ago, London was a fashion in UK production reached £1.6 billion, the media. Around 1,400 channels are based outsider and not regarded as a serious highest on record, making it the second here, representing more than a third of London to tell my rival to the powerhouses of Paris, Milan biggest growth sector of the economy.14 all EU broadcasters.17 The UK is also a and New York. Filming on location in Each day the capital’s film studios are significant exporter of both television stories - for its the capital was notoriously difficult filled with major productions like Star and formats. For example, Strictly Come due to its complex permit and licensing Wars, Fantastic Beasts and Where to Dancing has now been adapted for over locations, talent, systems, and London’s history of design Find Them and Suffragette. Overseas 50 different territories across the world.18 and music excellence was largely productions are lured here not just by skilled crews and uncelebrated. fiscal incentives, but by the city’s critical These are just a few examples alongside mass of Oscar-winning VFX and post London’s other creative specialisms Today, partly as a result of sustained production facilities. Every year film stars such as its role as a major art market post-production 19 investment in the creative industries by and directors flock to the capital for the worth £9 billion per annum. The Mayor facilities, London City Hall, London is firmly established London Film Festival. recognises the importance of supporting as one of the world’s top four fashion London’s creative industries to drive a is one the best centres. The capital is home to The global games industry is worth over high level of return on investment and global brands like Burberry, Vivienne £100 billion per annum and an expected reputational gains. Westwood and Anya Hindmarch. 2.2 billion people are now playing games cities in the world 15 London Fashion Week generates £100 all over the world. The UK is the 5th The Mayor will support creative to work as million in sales, and the capital is at the largest video games market in terms of production and export through a range leading edge of innovation with rising consumer revenues. UK games sales of activities and funding. fashion entrepreneurs in the fields of in 2017 generated a record £3.35bn, a filmmaker.” 13 e-commerce and wearable tech. increasing 9.6 per cent on the previous Amma Asante MBE year and almost equalling that of home BAFTA award-winning director music and video sales combined. There are more games companies in London than anywhere else in the UK.16

14 BFI (2018) Film, high-end television and animation programmes production in the UK: full-year 2017 15 UKIE (2017) UK video games fact sheet 2017 16 UKIE (2017) The games industry in numbers 17 COBA (2018) Report: Up to £1 billion from international broadcasters at risk 18 BBC News (2017) How to turn a hit TV show into an international success 13 British Fashion Council, 2017 19 The British Art Market Federation (2014) CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 133

Fashion, Film & TV, Animation International Promotion & VFX, Design and Music In addition to significant export to the The Mayor will fund British Fashion European Union, the creative service Council, Film London, Games London, industries are undergoing a rapid and the London Design Festival to increase in export generally. Exports of deliver key promotional and trade events UK creative services are growing much including the London fashion showcases, faster than other sectors, increasing by film, games and design festivals. This 48.9 per cent between 2009 and 2014. will aim to deliver £1 billion in new inward By comparison, the value of services investment into film and television, exported by UK industries as a whole £100 million of new fashion sales and increased by 29.6 per cent over the £25 million in new orders at the London same period.22 Design Festival. The Mayor will deliver a new campaign to showcase the city’s diverse musical talent and will spotlight female artists to coincide with the Centenary of Women’s Suffrage.

Games and Esports The Mayor wants to grow the London Games Festival and attract more investment into esports and to encourage more live esports events in the capital. London has the finance, talent, networks and geographical location to be a centre for the games industry but will need to compete internationally with countries like South Korea, which have a longer history in games development. The Mayor will fund Games London to deliver £30 million of investment£30m into games through new investment into games through the London Games Festival Games Production Finance Market and the London Games Festival.20

20 London Games Festival (2018) 21 UK Music (2017) Wish You Were Here 22 GLA Economics (2017) London’s creative industries – 2017 update CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 135

The Mayor’s International Business CULTURAL TOURISM Programme, run by London & Partners, provides mentoring, expert advice and With a record breaking 31 million international business opportunities for visitors in 2016, London is one of the London’s high-growth companies. The most visited places in the world.23 Mayor wants more creative businesses Culture plays a huge role in attracting to engage with these activities and international audiences, while major to take part in international trade events position the city as open, missions and visits. He will work through welcoming and diverse. Through his London & Partners to broker these new promotional agency, London & Partners, relationships with creative entrepreneurs the Mayor will promote London’s cultural and businesses to showcase the best riches to tourists. of London’s creativity. The Mayor has established a Business Advisory Keeping the offer fresh and exciting Board with creative experts to identify is crucial, and global events can help interventions to support the creative achieve this aim. The Mayor will continue industries. to bid for major sporting events and world-class international cultural festivals and events.

23 Visit Britain (2016) 2016 Snapshot CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 137

While the majority of visitors stay within LONDON, OPEN ALL HOURS In addition to London’s already extensive Zone 1, where 17 of London’s top 20 network of 24-hour bus services 200,000 attractions are located, there is a strong The Night Time Economy encompasses Transport for London started running journeys are appetite for both first time and repeat culture, entertainment, retail and service more weekend-only Night bus services made nightly visitors to disperse across London, and activities that happen in the evening and to help passengers start or finish their culture is a key driver for this.24 Almost through the night. Evening and night-time Night Tube journeys.29 three-quarters of visitors venture is when most Londoners socialise, outside of Zone 1 and 3 in 10 of these do seek entertainment, go on dates, or In its first year, the 24-hour weekend so to see local attractions, landmarks or relax with friends and family. A healthy service boosted the capital’s economy historical sites.25 There is huge potential 24-hour city is vital to Londoners’ by £171 million and supported 3,600 to build on this and capitalise on new wellbeing. There are also thousands of jobs. In the next 30 years, the Night tourism trends, spreading the benefit of creative workers whose core hours are Tube is predicted to add £360 million to tourism across the city. at night, such as actors and dancers, London’s economy every year.30 musicians and comedians, crew and It seems that more and more visitors technicians, DJs and club promoters. The London pub is an institution. Many £26.3b want an authentic offer. They want to pubs are steeped in history and are generated during the live like a local and discover the hidden The night-time economy brings £26.3 part of London’s heritage. Over 200 night time economy gems. There are so many places and billion to London’s economy every year London pubs are listed, from the 17th spaces for visitors to explore, like the and supports one in eight jobs in our city. century galleried coaching George Inn, city’s 271 festivals, 339 night clubs or Pubs, bars and clubs form an important to the 1930s Rose and Crown in Stoke 360 book shops.26 The Mayor will work part of London’s less formal culture.27 Newington. In every part of the city, pubs with London & Partners to promote the The Mayor will support the night time are important assets of community value. city’s diverse cultural offer, ‘off peak’ economy through leadership initiatives seasons and activities around the clock. and guidance. The capital has a huge variety of bars – heritage venues like the American Over eight million journeys have been Bar at the Savoy, pop-up bars, ice bars, made on the Night Tube since its launch. secret speakeasies, champagne bars and More than 200,000 journeys are now sports bars, basement dives and rooftop made nightly.26 The most popular Night palaces dotted all over the capital. Tube stations are at London’s key London has also played host to some cultural hotspots: Leicester Square, of the best clubs in the world over the Oxford Circus, Brixton, Liverpool Street years. and Stratford. The overground is now part of the night tube network which will support key town centres and clusters like Hoxton and Shoreditch.28

24 London and Partners, (2017) Tourism Report 2015-2016 25 Ibid 26 BOP Consulting (2015), World Cities Culture Report 2015 27 GLA (2017) From good night to great night: A vision for London as a 24 hour city 29 Transport for London (As at March 2018) Improving Buses 28 Transport for London (2017) More than GLA - Night Tube boosts London’s economy by £171m 30 Transport for London (2017) More than GLA - Night Tube boosts London’s economy by £171m CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 139

Some have come and gone, but many In line with the Mayor’s Healthy Streets are still going strong, like the Ministry Approach, this can mean: more legible of Sound which opened in 1991 and and well-maintained routes and spaces; attracts around 300,000 clubbers every a clear indication of whether a space is year; or G-A-Y, which began in 1976 in the private or public, with natural surveillance basement of the then Astoria and which of publicly accessible spaces; a level now operates from Heaven nightclub. of human activity and a mix of uses to maximise activity through the day Other types of cultural venues are now and night and appropriately designed starting to open at night, growing in security features. In order to include popularity and diversifying their offer. safety and security measures early in London’s museums, galleries and the design process, local authorities heritage sites regularly throw open and developers can consult with Police their doors after hours and showcase Architectural Liaison Officers, Crime their treasures in unexpected ways; Prevention Advisors, and Designing Out there has been a night-time celebration Crime officers to meet Secure By Design of Scandinavia at the Dulwich Picture standards. Gallery, the Hip-Hop Shakespeare company, at the British Library and Queer Safety and Security at Night Tango at the Horniman. Local authorities have the lead role in delivering effective licensing which is Planning a Night Out is essential in protecting the safety The Mayor’s Culture and Night-Time of Londoners. The Mayor’s Office for Supplementary Planning Guidance29 Policing and Crime (MOPAC) works sets out how local authorities and others with the police to improve the safety should seek to create safe, secure and of licensed premises, and is working to accessible environments. Development support good practice across London. can contribute to a sense of security, In the Police and Crime Plan, the Mayor while reducing opportunities for criminal argues for a change in the way Late Night behaviour without being overbearing or Levy funding is raised and spent, to allow intimidating. for more targeted activity and working with the police, local authorities and businesses to improve the consistency in licensing.

29 GLA (2017) Culture and the Night-time Economy - Supplementary Planning Guidance CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 141

The Mayor has established a new 24- The Mayor has created a brand-new The Mayor also wants to promote and “AsFectorbi London’s factodis. hour London Liaison Group with the Night Czar role to champion nightlife, advocate for London’s night time culture. Metropolitan Police to work through nurture the city’s Night Time Economy He will place London’s night time offer at firstApestra ever vocul Night solutions to identified problems. Through and work directly with venues to support the heart of tourism strategies. London the Liaison Group, ways will be found for them case by case. A new charter will & Partners are improving promotion of Czar,vivil ventid I’m deeply se venues and residents to co-exist without help LGBT+ venues and women’s safety London at night on visitlondon.com. They the need to shut down venues. at night has been made a priority. This have also launched theatre.london, and committedetrest atus totem, will build on campaigns like Report It to are providing visitors with personalised The Mayor requested a review of the Stop It which encourages passengers to information in the Visit London app. protectingponsuli ntique live Metropolitan Police Form 696 Risk report unwanted sexual behaviour to Assessment following concerns that the police.30 Across the world, cities are looking to musicreis nem venues me ad C. the form unfairly targets grime, garage grow their night time offers. London and R ‘n’ B acts. The review examined A new Night Time Commission made faces competition for tourists and other acrossDecupio the ratuam capital. the impact of the current Form 696 up of leaders and experts from across visitors from the likes of Berlin, New York, process on promoted events in the the industry is working with venues, Paris, San Francisco and Tokyo. At the Overpotio, the sentiur past few Night Time Economy and considered any night time industries and public same time, world cities face many of the negative impact (real or perceived) on authorities. The Commission will same pressures - from rising populations yearsbitati sturniuwe’ve lost specific venues and community groups. make recommendations on policies to threats from terrorism. Many are trying As a result, the Met Police have since and programmes to support the to find solutions to the same problems tooqui summany postia of these removed the form from the licensing implementation of the Mayor’s Vision for London also faces and the Mayor will process. a 24-hour London. work with cities across the world to learn amazingnuncepoenam.” venues from them, collaborate, and share best Transforming the Night Time Economy A network of Night Time Economy practice. so Eexeris it’s molores vital recto that optas we and its Culture Borough Champions has been set up, Et eic to bercia cuptas a aut Too often, discussions around the Night recognising the huge and important role act now to protect Time Economy focus on its negative the local authorities play in planning, aspects. The Mayor wants a less licensing, culture and regeneration. The the ones we have combative dialogue around the Night Borough Champions will be instrumental Time Economy – one that is honest about in helping local authorities develop and to encourage challenges like noise and crime, but is borough-wide visions for their night time also open in highlighting the importance economies. The Mayor will support local new places of the night time offer to London’s authorities to positively shape their offer, wellbeing and economy. informing planning, licensing and other to open.” strategies. Amy Lamé Night Czar

30 British Transport Police (2017) Report it to Stop it CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 143

GLOBAL LEADERSHIP Thirty four cities from all over the world The 2017 summit took place in at the 2017 Summit. Funding from are now members of the World Cities Seoul in South Korea with delegates Bloomberg Philanthropies and Google In the spirit of #LondonIsOpen the Mayor Culture Forum. Founded and chaired representing cities as far reaching as Arts & Culture, will support city to city wants to grow London’s relationship by London’s Deputy Mayor for Culture San Francisco, Stockholm, Sydney and exchanges so that they can help one with other world cities. The Mayor will and Creative Industries, the World Tokyo. Insights from one city can help another deliver practical solutions to collaborate with city leaders from around Cities Culture Forum seeks to promote others develop solutions to common their own challenges. It will also grow the world to drive culture up the urban culture in urban development and find problems. A new World Cities Leadership strong civic leaders to champion culture agenda. solutions to the big issues facing culture Exchange Programme was launched in city administrations across the world. in global cities today. A summit is held in a different member city, bringing together senior leaders from each city government. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 145

World City - Summary of Policies and Commitments

Policy 14: The Mayor will work with Policy 16: The Mayor will support Policy 17: Through his promotional Policy 19: The Mayor will artists and cultural organisations creative production and export agency, London & Partners, the collaborate with city leaders from to promote London as an open and through a range of activities and Mayor will promote London’s around the world to drive culture welcoming city. funding. cultural riches to tourists. up the urban agenda.

Commitments: Commitments: Commitments: Commitments:

14.1 Continue the #LondonIsOpen 16.1 Fund a creative production 17.1 Continue to bid for major 19.1 Lead the World Cities Culture campaign and its message of and export programme sporting events and world- Forum. resilience and welcome. for the creative industries class international cultural comprising Film London, festivals and events. 19.2 Support the World Cities Games London, London Leadership Exchange Policy 15: The Mayor will advocate Fashion Week, London 17.2 Work with London & Partners programme. for the best possible Brexit deal for Fashion Week Men’s, London and other tourism agencies culture and the creative industries. Design Festival and London to promote London’s Games Festival and a new localised offer to visitors. Commitments: campaign for music, Sounds like London. 15.1. Appointing a creative Policy 18: The Mayor will support industries expert to his 16.2 Increase creative business the Night Time Economy through Brexit Advisory Group. engagement with London leadership initiatives and guidance. & Partners. 15.2 Champion the needs of Commitments: the culture and creative 16.3 Establishing a Business industries to Government Advisory Board with 18.1 Improve licensing practice and through advocacy. creative experts to identify across the capital. interventions to support the 15.3 Advocate for an immigration creative industries. 18.2 Publishing Culture and the system fit for 21st century Night Time Supplementary ways of working and the Planning Guidance. practices of the creative industries - informed by 18.3 Publish and deliver a 24 hour industry, further and higher vision for London. education. 18.4 Set up Night Time Economy Borough Champions across every local authority. Chapter 7: Achieving the Mayor’s Vision CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 149

The Mayor has a range of powers and This could not be more important than levers to achieve his vision. He will now, as the UK prepares to leave the protect and promote culture through European Union with the potential the influential draft new London Plan, for London to experience economic which shapes planning policies across disruption2. The Mayor will stand the city. He will work to put culture at shoulder to shoulder with the creative the heart of the regeneration of places industries and advocate for policies, and neighbourhoods, bringing together programmes and funding to drive their organisations and bridging and brokering growth and expand their reach and fruitful relationships. And he will use his status. convening power and profile to champion issues, causes and opportunities for With the Government’s modern industrial the arts, culture and creative industries, strategy and plans for a sector deal for shining a light where others can and the creative industries, the Mayor believes should act. the best option is to devolve greater powers to regions and cities. The UK has a Making the Case for Culture heavily centralised system of Government Central Government and local authorities compared to international peers. This recognise the importance of arts, culture limits the ability of the Mayor to deliver and the creative industries as drivers his vision for a fairer and more inclusive of the economy, promoters of improved economy and is holding back London’s quality of life, and the seeds of local growth potential putting the capital at a regeneration. competitive disadvantage. Incremental steps have been taken for devolution, for At the same time, other nations and example, of the c. £400m Adult Education global cities are raising their profile as Budget by 2019. creative hubs, and seeking to attract talent and investment – since 2011 over 60 cities across the world have developed strategic initiatives to become ‘creative capitals’.1 To maintain London and the UK’s competitive edge, it is critical that arts, culture and the creative industries do not drop down national and regional agendas.

1 Hollis, Leo., (2013) Cities are Good for You, p.99 2 Cambridge Econometrics (2018) Preparing for Brexit: Clarity from complexity CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 151

London has a The Mayor believes that London needs Ensure that the UK Retain the UK’s Make the a more radical package of devolution can still continue membership of Apprenticeship Levy bigger population measures to maintain its global position. to participate the Single Market work for the creative He will continue to lobby Government for in transnational and address the industries, particularly than Wales powers to help London thrive. More detail programmes such needs of London’s for freelance and on the Mayor’s recommendations for as Creative Europe creative industries project-based devolution can be found in his Economic and Scotland 3 after Brexit. in negotiations. work practices. Development Strategy.

combined, but has Making the Case far less control Many powerful levers over London’s Devolve more fiscal and Change the way Late Implement an creative economy are outside the regulatory powers to Night Levy funding immigration system over how taxes are Mayor’s control. London has the same help the Mayor achieve is raised and spent that is fit for purpose population as Wales, Scotland and his vision for London’s to allow for more and reflective of 21st spent and public Northern Ireland combined. Despite this, creative economy. targeted activity. century ways of working. the Mayor and the GLA have far less services are run. control over how revenues are raised and resources are spent than their devolved Replace EU funding Prioritise the creative Remove international governments. The Mayor has called for with at least equivalent sector deal in the students from the more of the taxes raised in London to be sums of devolved modern Industrial annual net migration brought under his control to help achieve domestic funding – Strategy, ensuring all target as a matter of his vision for London. which the Mayor can parts of Government urgency. And recognise then use as he sees help grow the the expertise of Higher In the preceeding chapters, the Mayor fit in line with London creative economy. Education institutions, asks Government to: priorities. for example by including more of them in its streamlined visa service for international Masters Students.4

Prioritise creative Guarantee the long Improve the learning and arts term rights of EU consistency subjects in the nationals living in in licensing. national curriculum. the UK.

3 GLA (2017) The Mayor’s Economic Development Strategy for London - Draft for Consultation 4 GOV.UK (2017) Twenty three universities join student visa pilot CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 153

Mayoral Powers • Planning - through the London Plan, • International promotion and sector • Health – the Mayor works to improve The Mayor has a range of powers to Opportunity Area Planning Frameworks support – the Mayor works with many the health of London’s workers and support and steer the development and decisions on strategic applications, organisations to attract investment residents. He coordinates and delivers of the city. Working closely with his the Mayor will protect and grow the and support growth. These include activities around mental health, healthy functional bodies and through his city’s culture and creative industries. London & Partners which promotes the schools, food, and the environment. promotional agency, London and Through his development corporations, city’s cultural and creative industries • Safety and security – the Mayor helps Partners, the Mayor is committed to he has a direct role in the planning and to international investors, students, to ensure London is a safe place to live ensuring London develops in a way delivery of areas with major capacity for businesses and tourists. The Mayor and work through the Mayor’s Office that makes it a city for all Londoners. growth. also invests in a variety of organisations for Policing and Crime (MOPAC) and the Through the Greater London Authority • Transport - through Transport for with a sector focus, such as Film London Fire and Emergency Planning Group, the Mayor is able to influence the London, the Mayor invests around London, Games London, the British Authority. development of London’s culture in a £10bn each year on London’s transport Fashion Council and the London Design • Environment – the Mayor works to number of areas: network, supporting London’s creative Festival. ensure London’s environment is economy. • Business support – with the London protected and enhanced so that it • Funding – the Mayor will invest • Regeneration and placemaking – the Enterprise Action Partnership (LEAP) remains a healthy city for workers and in flagship programmes from the Mayor works across the public and the Mayor funds the London Growth residents. inaugural London Borough of Culture private sector to secure and invest Hub which provides small businesses • Housing and land – the Mayor has and Creative Enterprise Zones to funds in regeneration programmes. business support, access to finance responsibilities for investing in new protecting diverse cultural spaces Many of these will include funding to and affordable workspace. affordable homes through the Homes and programmes, and undertaking cultural facilities and infrastructure. • Skills and employment – with the for Londoners partnership. He also ambitious new projects such as LEAP the Mayor funds improvements identifies the scale of housing need founding a Creative Land Trust. to London’s college buildings, and in London. The GLA group owns a distributes European funding to help portfolio of land the Mayor can use to Londoners access jobs and to progress further his aspirations for the economy. in work. He will gain control over the post-19 adult education budget. This will mean he is able to better shape skills provision in London to meet business needs. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 155

Mayoral Appointments These leaders from London’s world- The Mayor has specific statutory powers class creative organisations have been of appointment to external Boards with appointed as cultural ambassadors to a London remit and culture focus. These guide the Mayor’s vision for culture in the include the Museum of London and Arts capital. From the crucial issues facing Council England as well as chairing the the city as Brexit approaches, to the lack London Economic Action Partnership, of diversity in the creative workforce and the local enterprise partnership for culture’s role in sustainable planning and the capital and London & Partners, his development, the Board will continue promotional agency for London. to monitor and advise the Mayor on the issues facing the creative industries and Mayor’s Cultural Leadership Board culture sector.5 The Mayor’s Cultural Leadership Board comprises leading experts drawn Working in Partnership from across culture and the creative Partnerships are key to delivering the industries, from design, games, Mayor’s vision. He will work alongside events, museums, music, regeneration, Londoners, local authorities, cultural cultural tourism, urban development, businesses and venues, artists and architecture, planning, film, funding, creative practitioners to deliver his theatre, local authorities and heritage. strategy for culture. The Mayor will work with partners to enhance, promote and protect London’s culture and heritage. An overview of the Mayor’s key powers and partners illustrated on the next page.

5 See section 376 and Schedule 30 of the GLA Act 1999 CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 157

Our Partners

Partnerships are key to delivering the Mayor’s vision. We will work with Londoners and a range of partners.

Mayoral Mayoral Boards and Agencies and Organisations National, Regional Creative Industry Wider Partners, including;

Functional Bodies Advisory Groups supported by the Mayor, and Local Government, Partners, including; Business Improvement Districts including; Mayor’s Office for Policing Mayor’s Cultural including; Arts Council England Unions and Guilds and Crime Leadership Board London and Partners Local Authorities Historic England Schools and Teachers London Fire and Emergency Night Time Commission World Cities Culture Forum London Councils National Trust Further and Higher Education Planning Authority Night Time Borough British Fashion Council City of London Corporation Heritage Lottery Fund Developers and Land Owners Transport for London, Champions Film London Local Government Creative Skills Councils Community Groups including Art on the London Music Board Association Underground Games London British Film Institute Umbrella Groups and Networks London Economic London Culture Forum London Design Festival Theatres Trust Health Providers London Legacy Development Action Panel Thames Estuary Corporation Museum of London and Music Venues Trust Advocacy Groups including; Workspace Providers Board Museum of London Docklands; Growth Commission Old Oak and Park Royal Society of London Theatres • Campaign for Real Ale Brexit Advisory Group Development Corporation The Transport Museum South East Local UK Music • Queer Spaces Network Business Advisory Board Enterprise Panel (SELEP) The London Fire Creative Industries Mayor’s Design Advocates British Council Brigade Museum Federation Skills for Londoners Government departments London First Taskforce and agencies including; Culture Organisations • Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Umbrella Groups and Networks • Department for Business Creative Businesses Energy and Industrial Broadcasters and media Strategy organisations Individual artists and creatives Workspace Providers Cultural Funders including; • Bloomberg Philanthropies • Google Arts and Culture • Paul Hamlyn Foundation • City Bridges Trust Chapter 8: Next Steps CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 161

CONSULTATION Consultation Questions: 1. What impact does the capital’s culture The Mayor invites all Londoners to have on quality of life for Londoners? support him in the development and What could the Mayor do to amplify delivery of these priorities for culture in and support these areas? the capital. He is asking you to help him 2. Do you agree that London must refine and develop this strategy and its embrace a broad definition of culture implementation. that includes less formal places and spaces? If yes, what could the Mayor This consultation draft is your chance do to best support informal culture? to share your views on what you think the big challenges and opportunities 3. How should the Mayor help to remove are facing culture in the capital. The barriers that prevent all Londoners Mayor wants your feedback on his from securing creative jobs? What vision for culture and creativity in the examples of good practice are you city. He would like views on the content aware of in this area? and delivery of the commitments and welcomes any other comments. 4. How can the Mayor increase participation in the arts and cultural Questions are set out below but are life of the capital, particularly for included as a guide only. You do not need people who don’t currently have to answer all the questions or be limited access to it? Who should he be by them in your response. partnering with? 5. What other opportunities are there to Once the consultation closes, responses support culture in the capital? will be analysed before the final strategy is published in 2018. 6. How can you or your organisation contribute to the Mayor’s vision for culture and pledge to support the final strategy? CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 163

Policies and Commitments

Policy Commitments Policy Commitments

Policy 1: The Mayor Deliver two London Boroughs of Culture in 2019 and 2020. Policy 5: The Mayor Deliver up to three Creative Enterprise Zones. will help build will support and and strengthen Fund six Cultural Impact Awards for exemplary projects help to protect Establish and seed fund a Creative Land Trust. communities by in boroughs. creative and artist investing in local Fund a Creative Entrepreneurs Programme to help develop workspaces, culture. the next generation of creative businesses. particularly where they are affordable. Establish Culture Seeds, a micro-grants programme to fund grassroots culture. Policy 6: The Mayor Publish the most pro-culture draft London Plan yet - will deliver a pro- including policies to protect creative workspace, artist Launch two pilots to increase cultural engagement among cultural planning studios, clubs and pubs. Londoners. framework and help to safeguard Produce a Cultural Infrastructure Plan to identify what we Policy 2: The Deliver an annual programme of community events and existing cultural need in order to sustain London’s future as a cultural capital. Mayor will help festivals, with improved quality and engagement. facilities. bring Londoners Support culture at risk through the Culture At Risk office. Help to increase volunteering at festivals. together through Ensure the draft new London Plan will contain policies major cultural Improve access in the Mayor’s events programme, achieving to help venues and homes co-exist, like the Agent of programmes, Bronze Charter. Change principle. festivals and events. Lead a celebration of the Centenary of the first Policy 7: The Mayor Establish a new culture and education district at the Queen women getting the vote and commission a new statue in will integrate Elizabeth Olympic Park. Parliament Square. culture into major infrastructure Help plan a new cultural quarter at Old Oak and a creative Policy 3: The Mayor Invest £70m in the Museum of London’s move to West projects. cluster in the Royal Docks. will support his Smithfield. ‘family’ of museums. Establish the case for investment for centres of creative Support delivery of the new London Fire Brigade Museum. production along the Thames Estuary, including a new film studio at Dagenham East. Policy 4: The Embed positive outcomes for health and wellbeing across Mayor will promote the London Borough of Culture, Culture Seeds and others as Help to develop the new East London Fashion District. the benefits of appropriate. arts and culture Assess how new transport projects will impact existing for the health Map arts and cultural activities, festivals and public culture/heritage places and spaces. and wellbeing of programmes aimed to improve mental health and wellbeing across the capital to identify gaps and opportunities. Light the central London bridges with an artist-led scheme Londoners. with the Illuminated River Foundation. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 165

Policy Commitments Policy Commitments

Policy 8: The Mayor Support high quality architecture and design through Good Policy 11: The Deliver the London Curriculum with a strong emphasis on will champion high Growth by Design and the Mayor’s Design Advocates. Mayor will support culture and heritage. This includes Family Explorer Trails, quality design, culture in and out of which open up London with free, area-based walks providing architecture and Publish a suite of design guides to help developers embed schools to develop access to the city’s cultural assets. public art. culture. young talent. Deliver the annual Fourth Plinth School Awards. Commission new public art for the Fourth Plinth in Trafalgar Square. Support young musicians through the London Music Fund.

Champion Art on the Underground and endorse the Deliver Busk in London, an annual competition for younger commissioning of new artworks for Crossrail. buskers.

Support Business Improvement Districts to develop cultural Policy 12: The Improve careers guidance and opportunities for creative strategies. Mayor will help careers through London Ambitions and the Mayor’s more Londoners get Enterprise Advisers Network. Create an ambitious programme of public realm and employment in the public art developments as part of the Oxford Street creative industries. Increase digital skills for the creative industries through transformation with Westminster City Council. Digital Talent Scheme, especially for young women and Londoners from diverse and disadvantaged backgrounds. Policy 9: The Ensure heritage is considered in the masterplans for Royal Mayor will Docks and Old Oak and Park Royal. Fund job and training placement initiatives within the fashion support London’s and screen industries. diverse historic Work with Historic England and Heritage Lottery Fund, by environment. continuing to identify heritage places and spaces at risk in Through the Skills for Londoners capital fund, invest in London and supporting listing and funding applications. Further Education facilities including creative and digital.

Work through London & Partners to champion heritage as Work with industry leaders, starting with the screen the foundation of much of the capital’s unique tourism offer. industries, to develop creative industry skills plans for the capital. Policy 10: The Advocate for the creative industries to become circular, Mayor will work sustainable and ‘go green’. Policy 13: The Champion and advocate business practices that create more with industry, Mayor will help to diversity. leaders and experts Produce a leadership resource tool for cities identifying increase diversity in culture and strategies to take action on climate change through cultural within the Support creative businesses to take up the Good Work sustainability to interventions. creative workforce. Standard. support a greener and cleaner London environment. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 167

Policy Commitments Policy Commitments

Policy 14: The Continue the #LondonIsOpen campaign and its message of Policy 17: Through Continue to bid for major sporting events and world-class Mayor will work with resilience and welcome. his promotional international cultural festivals and events. artists and cultural agency, London organisations to & Partners, the Work with London & Partners and other tourism agencies to promote London Mayor will promote promote London’s localised offer to visitors. as an open and London’s welcoming city. cultural riches to tourists. Policy 15: The Appointing a creative industries expert to his Brexit Advisory Mayor will advocate Group. Policy 18: The Improve licensing practice across the capital. for the best Mayor will support possible Brexit deal Champion the needs of the culture and creative industries to the Night Time Publishing Culture and the Night Time Supplementary for culture and the Government and through advocacy. Economy through Planning Guidance. creative industries. Advocate for an immigration system fit for 21st century ways leadership Publish and deliver a 24 hour vision for London. of working and the practices of the creative industries - initiatives informed by industry, further and higher education. and guidance. Set up Night Time Economy Borough Champions across every local authority. Policy 16: The Fund a creative production and export programme for the Mayor will support creative industries comprising Film London, Games London, Policy 19: The Lead the World Cities Culture Forum. Mayor will creative production London Fashion Week, London Fashion Week Men’s, London Support the World Cities Leadership Exchange programme. and export through Design Festival and London Games Festival and a new collaborate with a range of activities campaign for music, Sounds like London. city leaders from and funding. around the world Increase creative business engagement with London & to drive culture up Partners. the urban agenda.

Establishing a Business Advisory Board with creative experts to identify interventions to support the creative industries. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 169

Glossary A – Z

Artificial Intelligence Crossrail 1 The theory and development of computer The first line in the Crossrail project, Crossrail systems able to perform tasks normally 1 is an east–west, cross-central London rail link A requiring human intelligence, such as visual C between Paddington and Whitechapel serving Access perception, speech recognition, decision Communities Heathrow Airport, Canary Wharf and Stratford. This term refers to the methods by which making, and translation between languages Groups of Londoners who identify with each other or share something in common, such as people with a range of needs (such as disabled Crossrail 2 living in the same area or having a common people, people with children, people whose Asset of Community Value This proposed rail line from Chelsea–Hackney cultural background. first language is not English) find out about Land or property of importance to a local is intended to link north east and south west and use services and information. For disabled community which is subject to additional London. The precise route, the character and people, access in London means the freedom protection from development under the Circular Economy the role of the link have not yet been finalised. to participate in the economy, in how London Localism Act 2011. A system to keep products, components and is planned, in the social and cultural life of the materials of value in use. Culture community. Culture is the people, places and activities of Community Infrastructure Levy creative production and consumption. Accessibility A planning charge, introduced by the Planning This refers to 1) the extent to which Act 2008 as a tool for local authorities Cultural Infrastructure employment, goods and services are made B in England and Wales to help deliver BAME The variety of components (including available to people, either through proximity, infrastructure to support the development Stands for black, Asian and minority ethnic institutions, buildings, technology and people) or through providing the required physical of their area. that enable cultural activities to take place. links to enable people to be transported to groups. locations where they are available. 2) the extent Creative Enterprise Zones Brexit Cultural Infrastructure Plan of barriers to movement for users who may Clusters of creative production, designated by The term for the departure of the United A plan that identifies what infrastructure is experience problems getting from one place to the Mayor of London, which provide affordable Kingdom from the European Union following needed to sustain London’s future as a cultural another, including disabled people. premises and enterprise-related incentives for the 2016 EU Referendum. capital. artists and creative businesses, pro-culture Affordable Workspace planning and housing policies, and offer Cultural quarters Workspace that is provided at rents maintained Business Rates career pathways and creative jobs for local Areas where a critical mass of cultural activities below the market rate for that space for The commonly used name for national communities and young people. a specific social, cultural, or economic nondomestic rates, a tax on the occupation of and related uses are emerging, usually in industrial and commercial properties, payable historic or interesting environments, are to development purpose. Creative Land Trust via local authorities. be designated as Cultural Quarters. They can A trust that offers affordable workspace to contribute to urban regeneration. Agent of Change Principle artists at affordable rates and helps studio

The principle places the responsibility for Business Improvement District (BID) providers access financing so they can buy mitigating the impact of noise firmly on the new A defined area in which a levy is charged on workspaces. development. all business rate payers in addition to the business rates bill. This levy is used to develop Creative Workforce projects that will benefit businesses in the local Apprenticeship Levy Refers to those people who work directly or area. A levy on UK employers to fund indirectly within the creative industries. apprenticeships. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 171

Green space Areas of vegetated land, such as parks, gardens, cemeteries, allotments and sports D G fields, which may or may not be publicly I Disabled people GLA functional bodies/GLA group accessible. Together, these spaces help to Inclusion A disabled person is someone who has an The Greater London Authority (GLA), London form London’s green infrastructure space Removing barriers and taking steps to create impairment, experiences externally imposed Fire and Emergency Planning Authority (LFEPA), network. equality, harness diversity and produce barriers and self-identifies as a disabled Transport for London (TfL), Mayor’s Office for safe, welcoming communities and cultures person. Policing and Crime (MOPAC), London Legacy that encourage innovative and fresh ways Development Corporation (LLDC) and Old of thinking and allow people to speak up, Disability Oak and Park Royal Development Corporation especially to suggest where things could be As defined by the Equality Act 2010, a physical (OPDC). done better. or mental impairment that has a ‘substantial’ H Health inequalities and ‘long-term’ negative effect on a person’s Good Growth Health inequalities are systematic, avoidable ability to do normal daily activities. The social The Mayor is calling for good growth across and unfair differences in mental or physical model of disability defines disability as the London, that is growth that includes all health between groups of people. These L effect of the barriers, discrimination and Londoners, celebrates local character in differences affect how long people live in good LGBT+ disadvantages faced by disabled people, not regeneration schemes and encourages health and are mostly a result of differences Stands for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and the impact of their specific impairment. community cohesion. in people’s homes, education and childhood Transgender. The plus demonstrates the experiences, their environments, their jobs and inclusion of all identities that make up the Diversity Good Growth Fund employment prospects, their access to good LGBT community including the continuing ways The differences in the values, attitudes, cultural An overarching regeneration programme public services and their habits. people define themselves. perspective, beliefs, ethnic background, which will provide funding, expert regeneration sexuality, skills, knowledge and life experiences advice, design support and knowledge Heritage assets Live-work space of each individual in any group of people sharing opportunities to a broad range of Valued components of the historic Homes which combine accommodation for constitute the diversity of that group. This term public, private and third-sector organisations environment. They include buildings, living in and space for working in. refers to differences between people and is to support projects to deliver against three monuments, sites, places, areas or landscapes used to highlight individual need. strategic themes: Empowering People; Making positively identified as having a degree of London Councils Better Places and Growing Prosperity. historic significance meriting consideration A cross-party organisation that represents and in planning decisions. They include both works on behalf of London’s 32 councils and Grant designated heritage assets and non- the City of London Corporation. Generally refers to public subsidy provided designated assets where these have been by the Mayor in the form of a one-off financial E identified by the local authority (including local Londoners transfer. Equal opportunities listing) during the process of decision-making Permanent and temporary residents of London The development of practices that promote the or plan making. and, where also applicable, commuters from possibility of fair and equal chances for all to Greater London Authority (GLA) outside London, visitors and tourists. develop their full potential in all aspects of life The top-tier administrative body for Greater and the removal of barriers of discrimination London, consisting of a directly elected and oppression experienced by certain groups. executive Mayor of London and an elected 25-member London Assembly with scrutiny powers. CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 173

London Fire and Emergency Planning Night Time Commission Authority (LFEPA) Mayoral appointees tasked with undertaking A functional body of the GLA, with the principal research to understand London’s Night Time purpose of running the London Fire Brigade. M Economy. P Mayor of London draft Culture Strategy Public realm The Mayor’s plan to secure London’s cultural The space between and within buildings, London Legacy Development Corporation Night Time Economy venues, institutions and the infrastructure, both including streets, squares, forecourts, parks (LDDC) The economy generated between 6pm and physical and workforce, necessary to support and open spaces. A Mayoral Development Corporation 6am. core culture and community arts programmes. responsible for delivering development in the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. Placemaking Mayor’s Office for Policing and Creating successful places for local Crime (MOPAC) communities: healthy, safe, vibrant, attractive LEAP / London Economic Action Partnership A functional body of the GLA responsible for and inclusive. Culture has a great role to play The Local Enterprise Partnership for London. overseeing the Metropolitan Police Service. O in placemaking: it provides identity, binds Local Enterprise Partnerships are voluntary Old Oak Common and Park Royal communities together and creates better partnerships between the public and private Development Corporation (OPDC) Mayor’s Cultural Leadership Board places for people to live, work and visit. sector set up in 2011 by the Government to A Mayoral Development Corporation Mayoral appointed board of industry experts help to determine local economic priorities and responsible for delivering development in the tasked with helping the Mayor to deliver a to lead economic growth and job creation in Old Oak Common and Park Royal areas. their area. culture strategy for London.

Older people London & Partners Refers to people over 50, but also recognises R Recycling The Mayor of London’s official promotional that those above retirement age and those Involves the reprocessing of waste, either into agency which promotes London internationally over 70 may have requirements that need to be the same product or a different one. Many as the best city in the world to work, invest, N addressed. trade and study. National Museums non-hazardous wastes such as paper, glass, 13 of the 20 museums and galleries sponsored cardboard, plastics and metals can be recycled. Open space by the government that were founded by Act of Hazardous wastes such as solvents can also London Living Wage All land in London that is predominantly Parliament. The remaining seven are classified be recycled by specialist companies, or by in- The London Living Wage is an hourly rate of undeveloped other than by buildings or as non-nationals. house equipment. pay, currently set at £10.20. It is calculated structures that are ancillary to the open space independently to reflect the high cost of living use. The definition covers the broad range of Renewable energy in the capital, giving a worker in London and National Portfolio Organisations types of open space within London, whether in Energy derived from a source that is continually their family enough to afford the essentials Arts Council England’s portfolio of regularly public or private ownership and whether public replenished, such as wind, wave, solar, and to save. funded arts organisations, libraries and access is unrestricted, limited or restricted. hydroelectric and energy from plant material, museums London Plan but not fossil fuels or nuclear energy. Although The Mayor’s Spatial Development Strategy for Night Czar not strictly renewable, geothermal energy is London. Mayoral appointee tasked with delivering a generally included. vision for London as a 24-hour city. Low Emission Zone (LEZ) A charging zone across most of Greater London for vehicles that do not meet emissions standards for particulate matter.

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Social integration Social integration is the extent to which people positively interact and connect with others who S are different to themselves. It is determined T W Section 106 agreements by the level of equality between people, the Thames Estuary Production Corridor Wellbeing These agreements confer planning obligations nature of their relationships, and their degree An ambitious industrial vision for developing Is a state of being where people can realise on persons with an interest in land in order of participation in the communities in which a world-class centre for cultural and creative their potential, cope with the normal stresses to achieve the implementation of relevant they live. production along the Thames Estuary – of life, work productively and fruitfully and are planning policies as authorised by Section 106 leading global innovation, creating new jobs, able to make a contribution to their community. of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990. developing talent and supporting the rapid Social mobility growth of the creative economy. This bold The movement of people within or between Wheelchair accessible or adaptable new programme aims to primarily repurpose Skills for London Taskforce different social classes or income brackets. Homes which are designed to be wheelchair Skills for Londoners Taskforce to help strategic industrial land and develop a series of accessible, or easily adaptable for residents make sure that all Londoners and London’s large scale, state-of-the-art cultural production who are wheelchair users. As defined by the Soundscape businesses can gain the skills they need to centres, putting skills and local talent at its Building Regulations. The overall quality of an acoustic environment succeed. They have developed the Mayor’s heart. as a place for human experience. Soundscape Skills for Londoners Strategy. design might include preserving, reducing World City Thames Gateway or eliminating certain sounds or combining A globally successful business location This area comprises a corridor of land on Social infrastructure and balancing sounds to create or enhance measured on a wide range of indicators such either side of the Thames extending from east Covers facilities such as health provision, an attractive and stimulating acoustic as financial services, government, business, London through to north Kent and south Essex. early years provision, schools, colleges and environment. higher education, culture and tourism. universities, community, cultural, recreation The London part of the area extends eastwards and sports facilities, places of worship, policing from Deptford Creek and the Royal Docks and Supplementary Planning Guidance (SPG) and other criminal justice or community safety includes parts of the lower end of the Lee Supplementary Planning Guidance Documents facilities, children and young people’s play and Valley around Stratford. It includes parts of the providing further guidance on policies in the informal recreation facilities. Other facilities boroughs of Barking and Dagenham, Bexley, London Plan that cannot be addressed in can be included as social infrastructure. Greenwich, Havering, Lewisham. Z sufficient detail in the Plan itself. Zero Carbon Standard A requirement for new developments to release Social inclusion no net greenhouse gas emissions into the Removing barriers and taking steps to create atmosphere. equality, harness diversity and produce safe, welcoming communities and cultures V that encourage innovative and fresh ways Visual Effects (VFX) of thinking and allow people to speak up, Often abbreviated to VFX this is the processes especially to suggest where things could be of creating or manipulating imagery in film done better. making.

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Photography Credits

Cover © Max Cisotti/Getty Images - Page 49 © David Shrigley for Art on the Page 81 © Studio Wayne McGregor in Museum for London Design Festival ‘Chubby Hearts Over London’ conceived Underground Hackney Wick by Anya Hindmarch at Marble Arch Page 132 © Focus Features LLC. ‘Darkest Page 52 & 53 © ‘Art is Everywhere’ by Page 86 © Historic England - Jay Carver, Hour’, 2017. All Rights Reserved Page 4 - Notting Hill Carnival Bob and Roberta Smith archaeologist, Crossrail Project at Liverpool Street Page 134 © Gilbert McCarragher - ‘Villa Page 10 © Artichoke - ‘The Rose’ by Mick Page 54 - Diwali Festival at Trafalgar Walala’ by Camille Walala at Broadgate Stephenson at Westminster Abbey Square Page 88 - The Invisible Enemy Should for London Design Festival Not Exist by Mark Rakowitz Page 13 - Africa on the Square festival at Page 56 © #BehindEveryGreatCity launch Page 139 © CLF Art Café - The South Trafalgar Square at Trafalgar Square Page 91 © Thierry Bal – ‘Wrapper’ by London Soul Train with Eva Lazarus Jacqueline Poncelet at Edgware Road Page 18 - ‘Courage Calls to Courage Page 60 © Museum of London - new Tube Station Page 142 & 143 - ‘Not Them Only Us’ by Everywhere’ statue by Gillian Wearing museum site at West Smithfield Mark Titchner for Art on the Underground OBE, RA Page 93 © Mark Rigney - mural by Jane Page 63 © Fantasy High Street - Mutiny in Walthamstow Page 146 © The Trustees of the Natural Page 20 © Historic England - Liberty Community craft workshop History Museum London - Hintz Hall Clayton, apprentice at Anderson and Page 102 © Institute of Imagination - Sheppard Page 66 - Southbank Skate Park at Imagination Lab Page 148 © Matt Humphrey – Gay Bingo Southbank Centre at Hackney Empire Page 24 © Nobby Clark - ‘Zigger Zagger’ Page 108 - Fourth Plinth Schools performed by The National Youth Theatre Page 70 © Luke Walker - studio at Competition. Clockwise from top right: Page 154 © London Transport Museum at Wilton’s Music Hall Somerset House Studios Barking Abbey School, Finton House, St. Helen’s Group, Woodside High School Page 158 - Deputy Mayor for Culture Page 28 © Richard Eaton - Dance Page 74 - © Edmond Sumner - ‘Reflection and Creative Industries, Justine Simons Umbrella Room’ by Flynn Talbot at Victoria and Page 112 © Victoria and Albert Museum OBE and Mayor of London, Sadiq Khan at Albert Museum for the London Design Lumiere 2018 Page 36 - British Museum Festival Page 116 © Getty Images/British Fashion Council - Adwoa Aboahat London Page 160 - Design Museum Page 40 © Patrick Baldwin - ‘Reasons Page 76 - The George Tavern in Tower Fashion Week, Ashley Williams AW18 to be Cheerful’ performed by Graeae Hamlets Collection Theatre Page 78 © Anthony Keiler - Box Park Page 122 © Edward Sumner, Metropolis Page 44 - Pride London Croydon By Lubna Chowdhary at Victoria & Albert CULTURE FOR ALL LONDONERS 179

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