APPENDIX C – CULTURAL RESOURCES – CULTURAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT

July 20, 2011

Mr. Chaim Elkoby SM 10000 PROPERTY, LLC. 2200 Biscayne Blvd. Miami, FL 33137

Re: RESULTS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND PALEONTOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE PROPOSED 10000 SANTA MONICA BOULEVARD PROJECT; CITY OF LOS ANGELES,

Dear Mr. Elkoby:

This letter presents the results of an updated archaeological and paleontological resources assessment for the above-referenced project conducted by PCR Services Corporation (PCR).

1.0 PROJECT UNDERTAKING AND SCOPE OF STUDY

This is a letter report to support the Draft Environmental Impact Report (DEIR) for the proposed development of a residential project at 10000 Santa Monica Boulevard within the Century City community of the City of Los Angeles (proposed project). This assessment was conducted to determine the potential impacts to archaeological and paleontological resources associated with the proposed project for the purpose of complying with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and cultural resources guidelines set forth by the City of Los Angeles. The scope of work for this assessment included a Sacred Lands File (SLF) search through the California Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) and a follow-up Native American consultation, an archaeological records search through the South Central Coastal Information Center (SCCIC), and a paleontological records search through the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (LACM). PCR’s methods, results, and recommendations of this assessment are presented below.

2.0 PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION

The Project site is located at 10000 Santa Monica Boulevard in the West Los Angeles Community Plan area of the City of Los Angeles, approximately 8.5 miles west of downtown Los Angeles and 6 miles northeast of the Pacific Ocean. More specifically, the site is located within the Century City community and is bound by Santa Monica Boulevard, a major transit-oriented arterial to the north and Moreno Drive to the east on a 2.4 acre parcel (Figure 1, Regional Map, attached).

The Applicant is proposing to redevelop the Project site with up to 283 residential units in a residential building that would be up to 39 stories and approximately 460 feet in height. The project would also include a smaller ancillary building that would be directly accessible from the residential building. The ancillary building would be up to nine stories (90 feet in height), and would contain parking and recreation/site amenities for project residents. Parking for approximately 708 vehicles

One Venture, Suite 150, Irvine, California 92618 INTERNET www.pcrnet.com TEL 949.753.7001 FAX 949.753.7002

Mr. Chaim Elkoby SM 10000 PROPERTY, LLC. July 20, 2011- Page 2

would be provided within one partially-subterranean level and above grade parking in the ancillary building. Upon completion, the project would include approximately 469,575 square feet of floor area. The project would also include a large amount of open space, with approximately 43,141 square feet of ground-level landscaping, mostly located in a large garden area on the south/eastern part of the site; and approximately 27,579 square feet of open space on a landscaped recreation deck on top of the ancillary building. The 43,141 square feet of ground level open space would comprise approximately 41 percent of the project site.

The Project site is illustrated in Section 23 of Beverly Hills, CA 1966 (photo-revised 1981) United States Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle map in Township 1 South, Range 15 West (Figure 2, Location Map, attached) and is surrounded by the Los Angeles Country Club Golf Course to the north and modern development elsewhere in a heavily urbanized setting (Figure 3, Project Area, attached).

3.0 CULTURAL SETTING

3.1 Prehistoric Background

Prehistory is most easily discussed chronologically, in terms of environmental change and recognized cultural developments. Several chronologies have been proposed for inland Southern California, the most widely accepted of which is Wallace’s four-part Horizon format (1955), which was later updated and revised by Claude Warren (1968). The advantages and weaknesses of Southern California chronological sequences are reviewed by Warren (in Moratto 1984), Chartkoff and Chartkoff (1984), and Heizer (1978). The following discussion is based on Warren’s (1968) sequence, but the time frames have been adjusted to reflect more recent archaeological findings, interpretations, and advances in radiocarbon dating.

3.1.1 Paleoindian Period (ca. 13,000-11,000 years before present [YBP])

Little is known of Paleoindian peoples in inland southern California, and the cultural history of this period follows that of North America in general. Recent discoveries in the Americas have challenged the theory that the first Americans migrated from Siberia, following a route from the Bering Strait into Canada and the Northwest Coast some time after the Wisconsin Ice Sheet receded (ca. 14,000 YBP), and before the Bering Land Bridge was submerged (ca. 12,000 YBP). A coastal migration route somewhat before that time is also possible. The timing, manner, and location of this crossing are a matter of debate among archaeologists, but the initial migration probably occurred as the Laurentide Ice Sheet melted along the Alaskan Coast and interior Yukon. The earliest radiocarbon dates from the Paleoindian Period in North America come from the Arlington Springs Woman site on Santa Rosa Island. These human remains date to approximately 13,000 YBP (Johnson et al. 2002). Other early Paleoindian sites include the Monte Verde Creek site in Chile (Meltzer et al. 1997) and the controversial in Pennsylvania. Both sites have early levels dated roughly at 12,000 YBP. Lifeways during the Paleoindian Period were

Mr. Chaim Elkoby SM 10000 PROPERTY, LLC. July 20, 2011- Page 3

characterized by highly mobile hunting and gathering. Prey included megafauna such as mammoth and technology included a distinctive flaked stone toolkit that has been identified across much of North America and into Central America. They likely used some plant foods, but the Paleoindian toolkit recovered archaeologically does not include many tools that can be identified as designed specifically for plant processing.

The megafauna that appear to have been the focus of Paleoindian Lifeways went extinct during a warming trend that began approximately 10,000 years ago, and both the extinction and climatic change (which included warmer temperatures in desert valleys and reduced precipitation in mountain areas) were factors in widespread cultural change. Subsistence and social practices continued to be organized around hunting and gathering, but the resource base was expanded to include a wider range of plant and game resources. Technological traditions also became more localized and included tools specifically for the processing of plants and other materials. This constellation of characteristics has been given the name “Archaic” and it was the most enduring of cultural adaptations to the North American environment.

3.1.2 Archaic Period (ca. 11,000-3,500 YBP)

The earliest Archaic Period Lifeways in inland southern California have been given the name San Dieguito tradition, after the San Diego area where it was first identified and studied (Warren 1968). Characteristic artifacts include stemmed projectile points, crescents and leaf-shaped knives, which suggest a continued subsistence, focus on large game, although not megafauna of the earlier Paleoindian period. Milling equipment appears in the archaeological record at approximately 7,500 years ago (Moratto 1984:158). Artifact assemblages with this equipment include basin milling stones and unshaped manos, projectile points, flexed burials under cairns, and cogged stones, and have been given the name (7,500–3,000 YBP). The transition from San Dieguito Lifeways to La Jolla Lifeways appears to have been an adaptation to drying of the climate after 8,000 YBP, which may have stimulated movements of desert peoples to the coastal regions, bringing milling stone technology with them. Groups in the coastal regions focused on mollusks, while inland groups relied on wild-seed gathering and acorn collecting.

3.1.3 Late Prehistoric Period (ca. 3,500 YBP-A.D. 1769)

Cultural responses to environmental changes around 4,000–3,000 YBP included a shift to more land-based gathering practices. This period was characterized by the increasing importance of acorn processing, which supplemented the resources from hunting and gathering. Meighan (1954) identified the period after A.D. 1400 as the San Luis Rey complex. San Luis Rey I (A.D. 1400–1750) is associated with bedrock mortars and milling stones, cremations, small triangular projectile points with concave bases and Olivella beads. The San Luis Rey II (A.D. 1750–1850) period is marked by the addition of pottery, red and black pictographs, cremation urns, steatite arrow straighteners and non-aboriginal materials (Meighan 1954:223, Keller and McCarthy 1989:6). Work at Cole Canyon

Mr. Chaim Elkoby SM 10000 PROPERTY, LLC. July 20, 2011- Page 4

and other sites in Southern California suggests that this complex, and the ethnographically described life ways of the native people of the region, were well established by at least 1,000 YBP (Keller and McCarthy 1989:80).

Prehistoric archaeological resources identified in the greater urban Los Angeles area include remains with very old dates, such as the Los Angeles Man remains recovered in 1936 by Work Progress Administration (WPA) workers digging a storm drain along the Los Angeles River. Radiocarbon dates have indicated an age greater than 20,000 years old, although small amount of collagen tested from the remains makes the date suspect. The remains were found in association with mammoth bones, however, so the remains can be considered Pleistocene or earliest Holocene in age.1 One of the oldest sets of securely dated human remains discovered in North America, with an age between 11,000 and 10,000 years ago, were identified at Arlington Springs on Santa Rosa Island, which is located approximately 100 miles directly west of the development area.2

3.2 Ethnographic Context

The project site lies within the ethnographic territory of the Native American group known as the Gabrielino. Gabrielino territory included the Los Angeles Basin, the coast of Aliso Creek in Orange County to the south to Topanga Canyon in the north, the four southern Channel Islands, and watersheds of the Los Angeles, San Gabriel, and Santa Ana Rivers. Their name is derived from their association with Mission San Gabriel Archangel.

The Gabrielino were not the first inhabitants of the Los Angeles Basin, but arrived around 500 B.C. The Gabrielino are descendants of the Shoshonean migration, which originated out of the Great Basin and displaced the already established Hokan speakers. The Gabrielino were advanced in their culture, social organization, religious beliefs, and art and material production. Class differentiation, inherited chieftainship, and intervillage alliances were all components of Gabrielino society. At the time of European contact, the Gabrielino were actively involved in trade using shell and beads as currency. The Gabrielino were known for excellent artisanship in the form of pipes, ornaments, cooking implements, inlay work, and basketry. The Gabrielinos evolved an effective economic system which managed food reserves (storage and processing), exchanged goods, and distributed resources.

4.0 METHODS

On May 5, 2011, PCR archaeologist, Mr. Matthew Gonzalez, conducted a cultural resource records search at CRHIS-SCCIC at California State University, Fullerton. This records search

1 Moratto, Michael (1984) California Archaeology. Academic Press, New York. 2 Rick, Torben C., Jon M. Erlandson, René L. Vellanoweth, and Todd J. Braje (2005) From Pleistocene Mariners to Complex Hunter-Gatherers: The Archaeology of the California Channel Islands. Journal of World Prehistory 19:169- 228.

Mr. Chaim Elkoby SM 10000 PROPERTY, LLC. July 20, 2011- Page 5

included a review of all recorded historical resources and archaeological sites within a one-half mile radius of the study area as well as a review of cultural resource reports and historic topographic maps on file. In addition, the records search included the review of the California Points of Historical Interest (CPHI), the California Historical Landmarks (CHL), the California Register of Historic Places (CRHP), the National Register, the California State Historic Resources Inventory listings (HRI) and the City of Los Angeles Cultural Monuments. The purpose of the record search is to determine whether there are previously recorded archaeological or historical resources within the study area that require evaluation. The results also provide a basis for assessing the sensitivity of the Project site for additional and buried archaeological resources.

On May 10, 2011, Mr. Gonzalez commissioned an SLF records search of the Project site through the NAHC and conducted follow-up consultation with Native American groups and/or individuals identified by the NAHC as having affiliation with the Project site vicinity. Each Native American group and/or individual listed was sent a project notification letter and map and was asked to convey any Native American issues or concerns with the proposed undertaking. The letter included information such as Project site location and a brief description of the proposed undertaking. In addition, follow-up phone calls were made to confirm the receipt of the letter and to gain more information for the Native American groups and/or individuals regarding the project site. Results of the search and follow-up consultation will provide information as to whether there are any locations in the vicinity of the Project site that are culturally sensitive to Native Americans.

On May 10, 2011, Mr. Gonzalez commissioned a paleontological resources records search through the LACM. This records search entailed an examination of current geologic maps and known fossil localities inside and within the general vicinity of the Project site. Results of the record search indicate whether or not there are previously recorded paleontological resources within the Project site that require evaluation. The results also provide a basis for assessing the sensitivity of the Project site for additional and buried paleontological resources.

5.0 RESULTS

5.1 Cultural Resource Records Search

Results of the cultural resources records search revealed that no prehistoric or historic archaeological sites have been recorded on the project site and no unique or important prehistoric or historic archaeological resources have been encountered in the project vicinity. Nine studies assessing archaeological resources have been conducted within a one-half mile of the project site. Of these studies, three included a surface survey for archaeological resources. One archaeological monitoring study was conducted just over one-half mile to the southwest of the project site. This

Mr. Chaim Elkoby SM 10000 PROPERTY, LLC. July 20, 2011- Page 6

study identified remains of the Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation Studios dating between 1924 to 1935 at depths as deep as 20 feet below the modern ground surface.3

5.2 Sacred Lands File Search, Native American and Follow-up Consultation

The NAHC SLF records search results did not indicate the existence of known Native American cultural resources within a one-half-mile of the Project site. As per NAHC suggested procedure, follow-up letters were sent via certified mail and via e-mail on June 14, 2011 to the nine Native American individuals and organizations identified by the NAHC as being affiliated with the vicinity of the project site to request any additional information or concerns they may have about Native American cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed project.

In addition, follow-up phone calls were also made to the Native American contacts. Results of the Native American consultation can be found below in Table 1, Summary of Native American Response Letters and Telephone Log.

Table 1

Summary of Native American Response Letters and Telephone Log

Name/Affiliation Phone/Letters Comments Ron Andrade, Director Letter sent via Certified Mail on No Response to Letter to date. LA City/County Native American June 13, 2011.

Indian Comm. Follow-up Phone Calls were Message Left, No Callback to date.

made between 12pm and 2pm on June 14, 2011. Cindi M. Alvitre, Chairwoman- Letter sent via Certified Mail on No Response to Letter to date. Manisar June 13, 2011.

Ti’At Society/Inter-Tribal Follow-up Phone Calls were Two Calls Made, No Message Left, Message Council of Pimu made between 12pm and 2pm Inbox was full and wouldn’t allow any more on June 14, 2011. messages. No Callback to date. John Tommy Rosas, Tribal Letter sent via Electronic Mail Email Response Received on June 14, 2011 at Admin. on June 13, 2011. 5:51pm.: Ancestral Territorial Follow-up Phone Calls were Mr. Rosas stated that he has serious concerns Tribal Nation made between 12pm and 2pm with the project and project area. He also on June 14, 2011. stated his opposition to the project and requested it to comply with Section 106 regulations.

3 Strudwick, I., J. Michalsky, and G. King, 1998. Archaeological Site Record for CA-LAN-2479H. Document on file at the California Historical Resources Information System South Central Coastal Information Center at California State University, Fullerton.

Mr. Chaim Elkoby SM 10000 PROPERTY, LLC. July 20, 2011- Page 7

Table 1

Summary of Native American Response Letters and Telephone Log

Name/Affiliation Phone/Letters Comments The project is not a NEPA project subject to Section 106, and information regarding the need for such study was not provided. A response email was sent back to Mr. Rosas on June 15, 2011 requesting more information regarding his concerns and the basis for the request. No Reply back to date.

Anthony Morales, Chairperson Letter sent via Certified Mail on No Response to Letter to date. Gabrieleno/Tongva San Gabriel June 13, 2011.

Band of Mission Indians Follow-up Phone Calls were Message Left, No Callback to date. made between 12pm and 2pm on June 14, 2011. Robert Dorame, Tribal Chair/ Letter sent via Certified Mail No Response to Letter to date. Cultural Resources and Electronic Mail on June 13,

Gabrielino Tongva Indians of 2011 and June 14, 2011.

Califorina Tribal Council Follow-up Phone Calls were Mr. Dorame requested another copy of the made between 12pm and 2pm letter and his previous responses to the project on June 14, 2011. area via Email when spoken to over the phone. These were sent June 14, 2011 and no responses to this email to date Sam Dunlap, Chairperson Letter sent via Certified Mail on No Response to Letter to date. Gabrielino Tongva Nation June 13, 2011.

Follow-up Phone Calls were Message Left, No Callback to date. made between 12pm and 2pm on June 14, 2011. Andy Salas, Chairperson Letter sent via Certified Mail on No Response to Letter to date. Shoshoneon Gabrieleno Band of June 13, 2011.

Mission Indians Follow-up Phone Calls were Message Left, No Callback to date. made between 12pm and 2pm on June 14, 2011. Bernie Acuna Letter sent via Certified Mail on No Response to Letter to date. Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe June 13, 2011.

Follow-up Phone Calls were Two Calls Made, No Message Left, made between 12pm and 2pm Automated message came on and did not me on June 14, 2011. an option to leave a message.

Mr. Chaim Elkoby SM 10000 PROPERTY, LLC. July 20, 2011- Page 8

Table 1

Summary of Native American Response Letters and Telephone Log

Name/Affiliation Phone/Letters Comments Linda Candelaria, Chairwoman Letter sent via Certified Mail on No Response to Letter to date. Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe June 13, 2011. Message Left, No Callback to date. Follow-up Phone Calls were made between 12pm and 2pm on June 14, 2011.

Source: PCR Services Corporation (As of July 22, 2011)

When contacted by phone on June 14, 2011, Mr. Robert Dorame, a tribal representative, affirmed that based on tribal and oral history, the vicinity of Century City along Santa Monica Boulevard is sensitive for cultural resources. He also noted that Native American burials had recently been identified along the “older route of the railroad”. Furthermore, Mr. Dorame reported the existence of natural springs that the tribe used prehistorically in the vicinity of the project site. Consequently, he indicated that Native American cultural resources may be present within the project site at depth.

5.3 Paleontological Resources Records Search

Results of the paleontological resources records search through the LACM indicate that no vertebrate fossil localities have been recorded within the project site, but localities have been recorded in the vicinity in the same sedimentary deposits that underlie the project site.4 The project site has surficial deposits consisting of older Quaternary Alluvium derived primarily as fan deposits from the hills Santa Monica Mountains to the north and as fluvial deposits from the nearby drainage. The nearest vertebrate fossil locality in the Quaternary Alluvium, LACM 5501, is located south of the project site, south of Olympic Boulevard between Avenue of the Stars and Century Park East. This vertebrate fossil locality produced fossil specimens of pond turtle (Clemmys marmorata), dog (Canis), and horse (Equus) at a shallow but unspecified depth. Northeast of the project site, near the intersection of Wilshire Boulevard and Bedford Drive, there are two vertebrate fossil localities, LACM 3355 and LACM 3821, that produced specimens of fossil horse (Equus) and even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla) both at a depth of 40 feet below the surface. Locality LACM 5833, west of the project site, just south of Wilshire Boulevard between Thayer and Westholme Avenues, produced fossils of horse (Equus), kangaroo rat (Dipodomys), wood rat (Neotoma), meadow vole

4 “Paleontological Records Search for the Proposed 10000 Santa Monica Boulevard Project, in City of Los Angeles, Los Angeles County,” June 1, 2011, by Samuel A. McLeod, Ph.D., Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County for PCR Services Corporation.

Mr. Chaim Elkoby SM 10000 PROPERTY, LLC. July 20, 2011- Page 9

(Microtus), and pocket gopher (Thomomys) at shallow but unspecified depths. Localities farther away in the older Quaternary sediments have also produced fossil specimens typical of the fauna from the Rancho La Brea asphalt deposits approximately 2.5 miles east of the project site. The paleontological records search results letter from the LACM is provided as an attachment to this report.

6.0 IMPACT ANALYSIS

Implementation of the proposed project would require modification to the existing subsurface to accommodate the project’s lowest level partially-subterranean parking and building foundations. The required excavation would encroach to depths below the existing grade; with possible drilling to 50 feet if piles are used for the project foundations. Approximately 40,000 cubic yards of soil would be excavated. Potential impacts of the project on Cultural Resources would be the same for both the Conventional Parking Alternative and Automated Parking Alternative since both options requiring similar excavation. As such, the following analysis addresses the impacts of both project options.

6.1 Archaeological Resources

Results of the cultural resources records search revealed that no prehistoric or historic archaeological sites have been recorded on the project site and no unique or important prehistoric or historic archaeological resources have been encountered in the project vicinity. One archaeological monitoring study was conducted just over one-half mile to the southwest of the project site. This study identified remains of the Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation Studios dating from 1924 to 1935 at depths as deep as 20 feet below the modern ground surface.5

The project site is located within a highly urbanized area, and the entire site has been subject to disruption over the years. The project site has recently been graded and excavated. Thus, surficial archaeological resources that may have existed at one time have likely been previously disturbed or displaced. Nevertheless, the project proposes excavation of the project site which would extend beyond the two to six feet of fill material that covers the majority of the project site, thus encountering previously undisturbed soils and sediments. While discovery of prehistoric archaeological remains in the fill deposits on the project site are unlikely, excavation occurring below the fill levels could potentially encounter prehistoric archaeological remains. The claim is also supported by comments from Mr. Robert Dorame, a Gabrielino tribal representative. Mr. Dorame reported the existence of natural springs that the tribe used prehistorically in the vicinity of the project site. Consequently, he indicated that Native American cultural resources may be present within the project site at depth.

5 Strudwick, I., J. Michalsky, and G. King, 1998. Archaeological Site Record for CA-LAN-2479H. Document on file at the California Historical Resources Information System South Central Coastal Information Center at California State University, Fullerton.

Mr. Chaim Elkoby SM 10000 PROPERTY, LLC. July 20, 2011- Page 10

Currently, the project site is vacant and has been graded and enclosed with construction fencing. The project site was previously occupied by a multi-story building containing approximately 130,500 square feet of office and restaurant space, and a two-story parking structure. These buildings were removed at the end of 2005 by a previous owner of the property. Due to the lack of structures on the project site, proposed development on the project site would not alter any defined historical resources. Furthermore, a records search conducted through the CHRIS-SCCIC at revealed that there are no recorded historic resources within the project site. While there are potential historic resources in the project vicinity, including Beverly Hills High School and the Beverly Hilton Hotel, due to their distance from the project site and intervening uses, the proposed project would not cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of such historical resources as defined in CEQA.

Based on the moderate potential to encounter prehistoric archaeological resources, PCR recommends the following mitigation measures to reduce impacts to archaeological resources to a less than significant level:

A qualified archaeologist shall be retained by the Applicant to review grading plans and geotechnical information and prepare a monitoring plan for all ground-disturbing activities in previously undisturbed soils and sediments. A qualified archaeologist is defined as an archaeologist meeting the Secretary of the Interior Professional Qualification Standards for Archaeology. Ground- disturbing activities include primary construction-related activities and any associated secondary activities for support services such as utilities. In the event that archaeological resources are identified during monitoring or unexpectedly during excavations in fill sediments, all work proximal to the discovery shall halt until the qualified archaeologist has evaluated the find. If the archaeologist determines that the find is significant or may qualify as significant, the archaeologist shall prepare a treatment plan. If the find is prehistoric or includes Native American materials, affiliated Native American groups shall be invited to contribute to the treatment plan. Results of monitoring and any archaeological treatment shall be reported in an appropriate technical report to be filed with the Applicant, the City, and the CHRIS-SCCIC. The Applicant, in consultation with the Lead Agency and Archaeologist, shall designate repositories in the event that resources are recovered.

If human remains are unearthed during construction activities, State Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 requires that no further disturbance shall occur until the County Coroner has made the necessary findings as to origin and disposition pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 5097.98. If the remains are determined to be of Native American descent, the County Coroner has 24 hours to notify the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC). The NAHC shall then identify the person(s) thought to be the Most Likely Descendent of the deceased Native American, who shall then help determine what course of action shall be taken in dealing with the remains. The Applicant shall then take additional steps as necessary in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(e) and Assembly Bill 2641.

Mr. Chaim Elkoby SM 10000 PROPERTY, LLC. July 20, 2011- Page 11

6.2 Paleontological Resources

The Project site is located on fill material ranging in depth throughout due to the disturbances from previous onsite development and demolitions. Although the Project site has been previously disturbed through grading and/or development, it is likely that the deeper excavations will encounter previously undisturbed native soil/sediment that contains intact paleontological resources. Therefore, if deeper excavations occur, there may the possibility of encountering significant vertebrate fossils per the results of the paleontological records search through LACM. Based on these results, PCR recommends the following mitigation measures to reduce impacts to paleontological resources to a less than significant level:

A qualified paleontologist shall be retained by the Applicant to perform periodic inspections of excavation and grading activities on the project site where excavations into the older Quaternary Alluvium may occur. The frequency of inspections shall be based on consultation with the paleontologist and shall depend on the rate of excavation and grading activities, the materials being excavated, and if found, the abundance and type of fossils encountered. Monitoring shall consist of visually inspecting fresh exposures of rock for larger fossil remains and, where appropriate, collecting wet or dry screened sediment samples of promising horizons for smaller fossil remains. If a potential fossil is found, the paleontologist shall be allowed to temporarily divert or redirect grading and excavation activities in the area of the exposed fossil to facilitate evaluation and, if necessary, salvage. At the paleontologist’s discretion and to reduce any construction delay, the grading and excavation contractor shall assist in removing rock samples for initial processing. Any fossils encountered and recovered shall be prepared to the point of identification and catalogued before they are donated to their final repository. Accompanying notes, maps, and photographs shall also be filed at the repository. Following the completion of the above tasks, the paleontologist shall prepare a report summarizing the results of the monitoring and fossil finds, if any, the methods used in these efforts, as well as a description of the fossils collected and their significance, if any. The report shall be submitted by the Applicant to the City, the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, and representatives of other appropriate or concerned agencies.

Please contact us if you have any questions about the results and recommendations presented in this report.

Sincerely, PCR SERVICES CORPORATION

Matthew Gonzalez Kyle Garcia Associate Archaeologist/Paleontologist Senior Archaeologist I

Attachments

Mr. Chaim Elkoby SM 10000 PROPERTY, LLC. July 20, 2011- Page 12

REFERENCES CITED

Chartkoff, J. L. and K. K. Chartkoff. 1984 The Archaeology of California. Menlo Park: Stanford University Press.

Heizer, Robert F. (editor) 1978 California. Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8, William C. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Johnson, John R., Thomas W. Stafford, Jr., Henry O. Ajie, and Don P. Morris 2002 Arlington Springs Revisited. Proceedings of the Fifth California Islands Symposium, edited by David R. Brown, Kathryn C. Mitchell and Henry W. Chaney, pp. 541–545. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara.

Keller, Jean K. and Daniel F. McCarthy. 1989 Data Recovery at the Cole Canyon Site (CA‐RIV‐139), Riverside, California. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly. 25(1).

Meltzer, David J., Donald K. Grayson, Gerardo Ardila, Alex W. Barker, Dena F. Dincauze, C. Vance Haynes, Francisco Mena, Lautaro Nuñez, and Dennis J. Stanford 1997 On the Pleistocene Antiquity of Monte Verde, Southern Chile. American Antiquity 62(4):659‐ 663.

Moratto, Michael J. 1984 California Archaeology. Academic Press, San Diego.

Rick, T. C., J. M. Erlandson, R. L. Vellanoweth and T. J. Braje 2005 From Pleistocene Mariners to Complex Hunter‐Gatherers: The Archaeology of the California Channel Islands. Journal of World Prehistory 19:169‐228.

Strudwick, I., J. Michalsky, and G. King, 1998. Archaeological Site Record for CA‐LAN‐2479H. Document on file at the California Historical Resources Information System South Central Coastal Information Center at California State University, Fullerton.

Wallace, William J. 1955 A Suggested Chronology for Southern California Coastal Archaeology. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 11:214‐230.

Warren, Claude N. 1968 Cultural Tradition and Ecological Adaptation on the Southern California Coast. In Archaic Prehistory in the Western United States, C. Irwin‐Williams, ed, pp. 1‐4. Eastern New Mexico University Contributions in Anthropology. Portales. BEDFORD DR LINDEN DR

WA LD EN DR

ELEVADO AVE

LOS

ANGELES TRENTON DR COUNTRY

CLUB

WILSHIRE BLVD

C

L

U B

V IE PROJECT W D R SITE

DURANT DR W

A R N S A MOR L E L NO AV E 2 DR

Beverly Hills BEVERLY GLEN BLVD CENTURY PK EASTHigh School

AVENUE OF THE STARS PECK DR PECK

LINDEN DR LINDEN OLYMPIC BLVD

CITY OF BEVERLY HILLS CITY OF LOS ANGELES

SANTA MONICA BLVD SPALDING DR SPALDING

C DR ROXBURY O

M

S

T O CONSTELLATION BLVD C

PANDORA AVE K CENTURY PK WEST 5 FOX HILLS DR S A a n G V a b r i e l M o E u n t a Simi Valley i n s 118 Chatsworth 210 2 E

V 405 Van PROJECT A Woodland Hills T D HNuys SITE O A O F Y

Agoura Hills A E W EncinoI R R Glendale

B PROSSER AVE A Pasadena KER U V Hollywood Santa Monica Mtns. R

E Beverly N 101

Hills 5 A

V 10

Malibu Santa Monica E 405

Los Angeles AVE 605 ORTON

Q 105 PICO BLVD Manhattan 110 OLYMPIC BLVD Beach 1 91 Carson KERWOOD AVE MOTOR AVE PARNELL AVERedondo Beach Torrance 710 405 San Pedro Long Beach N TENNESSEE AVE NOT TO SCALE

N Regional Map FIGURE 0 0.25 Miles 10000 Santa Monica Boulevard 1 Source: PCR Services Corporation, 2011. PCR Project Site

Location Map FIGURE o 0 2,000 4,000 Feet 10000 Santa Monica Boulevard Source: USGS Topographic Series (Beverly Hills, CA); PCR Services Corporation, 2011. 2 El Rodeo Single-Family Elementary Residential School Wilshire Boulevard

Beverly Hilton 9900 Wilshire Hotel Boulevard City of Beverly(Approved) Hills City of Los Angeles

Los Angeles Country Club Commercial Golf Course

Multi-Family Residential

Durant Drive PROJECT SITE S Moreno Drive

Santa Monica Boulevard Northrop Plaza

Beverly Hills 10076 High School Santa Monica Boulevard 1801 Century Park 1800 East Century Park East Avenue of the Stars Watt Plaza 1900 Towers Avenue of the Stars 10131 Constellation City of Beverly Hills 1901 Avenue of the Stars Condominiums City of Los Angeles Avenue of (Approved) the Stars

Century Westfield Plaza Century City AIG Towers Shopping SunAmerica Constellation Boulevard Center 2000 Avenue of the Stars

Olympic Boulevard Century Plaza Hotel

MGM Tower

N Project Area FIGURE 0 500 Feet 10000 Santa Monica Boulevard 3 Source: PCR Services Corporation, 2011. PCR