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Home , Cape Longing, Danger Islands, Dundee Island, Duse Bay, Graham Land, Hope Bay

64°W 63°W 62°W 61°W 60° 59° 58° 57°W 56°W MAP A: GEOLOGY OF THE REGION AROUND BOTANY BAY 63°S 58°W 57°30'W 63°S D'URVILLE 2b ISLAND 63°30'S Bransfield 2b 10Gd 3 72 Island 63°30'S 1:625 000 Scale A 50 N Cape A 2c T 3 10G-Gd Dubouzet 2 A a 5 71 Astrolabe G 2b Cain Nunatak R 80 13 Island Cape Legoupil 2b Geological Map of Eastern , 2 C Broad Valley b 80 T 60 70 4b 65 I

50 C 10 7 2a 80 10 Gd Peninsula 2 Qd 2a 76 70 2b 2 35 a 75 3 7 S 70 4b Eyrie Bay 62 75 70 O BAS GEOMAP 2 Series, Sheet 1, Edition 1 5D U 2a 63°30'S 80 35 N 72 5G 9 80 D Cape Roquemaurel 2a 71 Geological interpretation and map compilation by T.R. Riley, M.J. Flowerdew, and C.E. Haselwimmer. Geological cross sections compiled by 84 Tower 50 70 13 View Point 63°30'S 4b Island T.R. Riley and C.E. Haselwimmer. Data preparation, digital cartography, design, and layout by C.E. Haselwimmer. Geological mapping and 65 80 2a 70 85 4 25 Eyrie Bay Tabarin 63°30' digital map production was undertaken as part of the BAS Environmental Change and Evolution (ECE) programme. 4 b 5G 75 b 2 Peninsula 2a a 84 13 2a 65 13 Base map data for coastlines, rock outcrops, and ice shelves from the Antarctic Digital Database. The Antarctic Digital Database is copyright Bald Head 13 Bone 20 75 © 1993-2006 Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research. 4 13 73 13 b Bay 75 Anderson 13 58 10 13 Preferred reference for map: 70 Eagle 2 Island 3 65 Botany Bay Eagle Island RILEY, T.R., FLOWERDEW, M.J. and HASELWIMMER, C.E. 2011. Geological Map of Eastern Graham Land, (1:625 000 Island 68 10 13 scale). BAS GEOMAP 2 Series, sheet 1, , Cambridge, UK. 4b 13 MAP A 85 Projection: WGS 1984 Antarctic Polar Stereographic, Central Meridian: 60°W, Spheroid: WGS84. Latitude of true scale: 71°S. 4b Botany Bay EREBUS AND Egg Island Charcot Bay 75 L Trinity 80 E Published by BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, United Kingdom. This geological map is Island 72 Long Island N Brandy Bay copyright © British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, 2011. All rights reserved. 75 5 N 5 Cape Kater To A 9 13 TERROR

Whisky Bay 4b H Vega Island 13 C 20 11 Scale: 1:200 000 5 13 QD 11 kilometres 5G-Gd 13 GULF 42 GEOLOGICAL LEGEND 0 5 10 40 11 13

63°45'S 4b Geological units are coloured as dark and light tints representing exposed (nunataks) or 0 5 miles 13 13 70 11 inferred geology (under ice or snow) 63°45'S V Croft Bay 13 64°S 80 68 A 58°W 57°30'W 2 9 T PERIOD EPOCH/AGE VOLCANIC AND SEDIMENTARY ROCKS PLUTONIC AND METAMORPHIC ROCKS 11 Cape Herschel 20 S 64°S 25 13 75 U 9 11 64° Volcanic Group NEOGENE Miocene - Recent basic volcanic lavas, tuffs, hyaloclastite breccias. Exposed widely in G 80 northeast Graham Land, particularly James Ross Island and area. 13 10 10 41 G 0 G JAMES ROSS 64°W 63°W 62°W 48 13 Cockburn Group 66 9 ISLAND Island 12 PALEOGENE Paleocene Richly fossiliferous, shallow water Palaeocene - Eocene fine grained volcaniclastic

Röhss Bay 11 sedimentary rocks restricted to Seymour Island and Cockburn Island. 13 12 y 10 a G 63 11 12 B 5G 5 E s 2 G 5 4 Marambio Group e h Fossiliferous, shallow water Upper Cretaceous - Lower Palaeocene (including the

g C 11 Cretaceous Plutonism u 24 8 Seymour K-T boundary) fine grained volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks exposed widely on Typically granodiorite - gabbro hybrid H 3 Late 70 N 10 11 Island 11 Seymour, James Ross and Vega islands. plutons which outcrop widely BRABANT 2 12 Cape Murray I 13 Gustav Group Emplacement age of 85 - 105 Ma. ISLAND Associated with dolerite dyke intrusion.

4 2 R Mid Cretaceous coarse grained volcaniclastic rocks up to 2.5km thickness exposed 14 Larsen b 3 5G extensively on western James Ross Island, with minor outcrops at and 4b CRETACEOUS G, granite; Gd, granodiorite; D, diorite; Ga,

Inlet 3 P 11 84 2 9 . Deeper water environment with sporadic macrofossils. 10 gabbro 64 20 4 20 12 2 Pedersen Formation S b 7 11 Early

o 13

78 7 Early Aptian age, conglomerate dominated submarine fan deposits and sandstone apron deposits. 61 b

81 r 3 Post-depositional deformation. Only exposed on Pedersen Nunatak (140 m thickness) and Sobral

a

l Snow Hill 8 Peninsula (up to 1 km thickness). Possible equivalent to Lagrelius Point Formation of lower Gustav Group. 50 C 41 P 9 h Island e 58 A a 1 n 8 r

74 i l 39 2 n Nordenskjöld Formation o Cape Longing 64°30'S t 67 s Radiolarian-rich mudstones and interbedded tuffs of Kimmeridgian - Berriasian age. t u T e 42 l 64°30'S 66 a Exposed at scattered locations along the eastern margin (e.g. Sobral Peninsula and B MAP B S a 65 7 Joinville Island) of Graham Land reaching a maximum thickness of 800m. y A Late Jurassic Plutonism Wilhelmina Bay Cape Framnes Beds 51 O Widespread acid plutons of dominantly 60 10 Cape Worlsey Coarse grained sandstones containing a Kimmeridgian - early Tithonian molluscan granite-tonalite-quartz monzonite ANVERS ISLAND Gd Rongé C macrofauna. Only exposed at Cape Framnes on Peninsula. Probable basal composition. Probable sub-volcanic 2 6 Island strata of the Larsen Basin. equivalents of the Early - Middle Jurassic 65 silicic volcanic rocks (4b). Associated with Mapple Formation and Kenney Glacier Formation felsic dyke/sheet intrusion. 10 D Ga-Gd Subaerial rhyolitic ignimbrites, crystal-, lithic-, vitric-, lapilli-tuffs and rare pitchstone lava G, granite; Gd, granodiorite; QM, quartz L JURASSIC 4b flows. At least 1km thick, exposed extensively along the east coast. Dated in the interval monzonite; To, tonalite; Ga, gabbro Andvord Bay 10Ga-Gd Ö 4b 167 - 171 Ma. Interbedded with Botany Bay Group (3) at the base of the succession. Middle J Standring Inlet Basalts Wiencke Basaltic and basaltic-andesite lava flows. They predate and are coeval with silicic

Island K Land Graham

volcanic rocks of the region (4b). Only exposed on Jason Peninsula at Standring Inlet Group Volcanic 10G 4 58°W 57° 56° 55°W b 4a and Stratton Inlet. 5QM S 13 55 Pedersen 5 2 Nunatak N Botany Bay Group 10 8 Terrestrial, plant-bearing sedimentary rocks exposed at several locations along the east coast. Four G 4b E Early formations ( Fm, Camp Hill Fm, Tower Peak Fm, Mt Mayhew Fm) have been identified. The 10D 3 upper part of the succession is coeval with the Graham Land Volcanic Group (4). D S 65°S 3 e 3 a 13 R l Triassic plutonism and 5Ga F l a N migmatites n d 5G Cape Fairweather O u r e 4b 13 n Legoupil Formation Extensive plutonism and s a 65° B migmatisation in southern a t 13 Group y N a 2c Graham Land and northern 5 5Ga k MAP B: GEOLOGY OF THE REGION AROUND THE SOBRAL AND LONGING PENINSULAS65°S Variably deformed siliclastic turbidite succession with G s TRIASSIC / at 227 Ma and 233 rare interbedded basic volcanic rocks. Exposed 1c 2 2 13 PERMIAN extensively across northern and eastern Graham Land. - 236 Ma. This event may have 3 60°W 59°30'W 59°W 13 Robertson Hope Bay Formation The View Point Formation (2a) is at least Carboniferous continued until ~215 Ma. 15 Island 2b in age, with the Hope Bay and Legoupil formations Permian metamorphism 25 Permian - Triassic in age; confirmed by Triassic 4 4 Two generations of Permian b b bivalves at Cape Legoupil. metamorphism are recorded as 9 64°15'S View Point Formation zircon overgrowths and granitic 3 1b migmatisation. The two phases 64°15'S 2 2a 2 10G 5Gd are at 275 and 257 Ma. 63 5G CARBONIFEROUS/ 4b Ordovician - Carboniferous DEVONIAN/ crystalline basement 75 ORDOVICIAN 4 2 b 60 Early Ordovician (484 - 487 Ma) T 5QM diorite gneisses on the Eden Glacier, Exasperation 80 4b Devonian (393 - 397 Ma) orthogneiss and Carboniferous (327 11 24 5QM Inlet 35 1a ± 9 Ma) at Target Hill. S Mount Tucker 70 3 Mapple Glacier 2 3 Tower Peak GEOLOGICAL SYMBOLS 3 12 65°30' 12 B 15 e a A s c Fault Bedding Fault breccia o c 15 Cape 70 h e 4 30 4b Mount Elliott a b 14 B a 4 Disappointment 4 y 3 b b 65°30' 4 b L Strike-slip fault Overturned bedding Mafic dykes 3 42 O Larsen o 65°30'S Mostly fine grained feldspar-phyric dolerite dykes. n Typically <1m thickness and steeply dipping. 2 20 LongingGap 3 5 5 g Normal fault (tick on Probable age range, 95 – 110 Ma. QM QM Contorted bedding i downthrow side) 10 Inlet n 20 12 2 Felsic dykes g C 4b Porphyritic quartz-feldspar felsic dykes and sheets. 7 7 P Fold axis of synform 55 Cleavage or metamorphic foliation Up to 80m in thickness and shallowly dipping. 4 Associated with Middle Jurassic plutonism (5) and 3 b e

78 volcanism (4)

n S 3

i

o 64°30'S n

60 58 b

Cape Garcia s 64°30'S

r 50 u

a 26 13 OTHER SYMBOLS 24 l

5 l 24

QM a I 24

P 9 3 5QM WEDDELL 58 8 20 Cape Sobral

e Coastline Ice shelf Sea n

Scar i 8 n I 8 39 1a Standring s Scale: 1:300 000 5QM u Cape Longing Inlet Inlet kilometres B l 1 a 58 0 5 10 15 20 B 6 Cape Framnes a 4 r a i 4 0 5 10 l b REFERENCES a 1 18 A miles r a L 66° i Target Hill U 20 S B Aitkenhead, N. 1964. The Trinity Peninsula Series of northeast Graham Land. PhD Millar, I.L., Pankhurst, R.J. & Fanning, C.M. 2002. Basement chronology and the a 5QM I N y 10 N thesis, University of Birmingham. 168pp. Antarctic Peninsula: recurrent magmatism and anatexis in the Palaeozoic P E 60°W 59°30'W 59°W Gondwana Margin. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 159, 145-158. 5To Aitkenhead, N. 1975. The geology of the -Larsen Inlet area, north-east 1a 66° O N SEA Graham Land (with particular reference to the Trinity Peninsula Series). British Milne, A.J. 1990. The pre-Mesozoic geological evolution of Graham Land, . A S Antarctic Survey Scientific Reports, No. 51, 62pp. PhD thesis, Open University. 315pp. J 66°S Birkenmajer, K. 1992. Trinity Peninsula Group (Permo-Triassic?) at Hope Bay, Pankhurst, R.J. 1982. Rb-Sr geochronology of Graham Land, Antarctica. Journal of 1a Antarctic Peninsula. Polish Polar Research, 13, 215-240. the Geological Society, London, 139, 701-711. 37 27 Pankhurst, R.J., Riley, T.R., Fanning, C.M. & Kelley, S.P. 2000: Episodic silicic 5 4b Birkenmajer, K. 1993. Jurassic terrestrial clastics (Mount Flora Formation) at Hope 1 To Bay, Trinity Peninsula (). Bulletin of the Polish Academy of volcanism in Patagonia and the Antarctic Peninsula: chronology of magmatism a 5 42 To 5 Sciences, Earth Sciences, 41, 23-38. associated with break-up of Gondwana. Journal of Petrology, 41, 605-625. B To 1b Crame, J.A., Pirrie, D., Riding, J.B. & Thomson, M.R.A. 1991. Campanian - Pirrie, D., Crame, J.A. & Riding, J.B. 1991. Late Cretaceous stratigraphy and 5To 4b Maastrichtian (Cretaceous) stratigraphy of the James Ross Island area, sedimentology of Cape Lamb, Vega Island, Antarctica. Cretaceous Research, 12, 1a Antarctica. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 148, 1125-1140. 227-258.

5 Eden Gl. 28 QM Del Valle, R.A. & Medina, F.A. 1985. Cape Marsh Geology, Robertson Island, Rees, P.M. 1993. Revised interpretations of Mesozoic palaeogeography and volcanic 1b GEOLOGICAL CROSS SECTIONS ALONG THE LINES DRAWN ON THE MAP 13 Antarctica. Contribucion del Instituto Antarctico Argentino, No. 309. arc evolution in the northern Antarctic Peninsula region. Antarctic Science, 5, 3 5Ga-Gd 77-85. 1a Stratton Del Valle, R.A., Lirio, J.M., Lusky, J.C., Morelli, J.R. & Nunez, H.J. 1997. Jurassic trees 40 Inelt Horizontal scale 1:625 000 Vertical exaggeration x 5 at Jason Peninsula, Antarctica. Antarctic Science, 9, 443-444. Riley, T.R. 2005. Geological fieldwork on Joinville Island. AD6/2R/2004/GL1. British 5 4 Antarctic Survey unpublished report. Gd b 10 Elliot, D.H. 1965. A geological comparison between N.W. Trinity Peninsula and the Ga-Gd Adie Nordenskjöld Coast of Graham Land. PhD thesis, University of Birmingham. Riley, T.R. 2010. Geological fieldwork on the Oscar II Coast, Graham Land (Churchill 5 146pp. Peninsula area). AD6/2R/2008/GL1. British Antarctic Survey unpublished report. Ga-Gd R C Elliot, D.H. 1967. The geology of Joinville Island. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin, 12, Riley T.R. & Leat, P.T. 1996. Geological fieldwork of the Cape Disappointment area 4 1 Inlet b c a 30 23-40. and Jason Peninsula, Oscar II Coast, eastern Graham Land. AD6/2R/1995/GL7. 1c C British Antarctic Survey unpublished report. 5Gd-To b Elliot, D.H. & Gracanin, T.M. 1983. Conglomeratic strata of Mesozoic age at Hope i H Bay, Antarctic Peninsula. In: Antarctic Earth Science, eds. R.L. Oliver, P.R. James Riley, T.R. & Leat, P.T. 1999. Large volume silicic volcanism along the proto-Pacific n FROM NEAR CAPE LEGOUPIL TO (Line A-A1) A & J.B. Jago, 303-307. Cambridge University Press. margin of Gondwana: lithological and stratigraphcial investigations from the 4 e U b 4a Antarctic Peninsula. Geological Magazine, 136, 1-16. 4 Farquharson, G.W. 1983. Evolution of Late Mesozoic sedimentary basins in the t R b A A1 northern Antarctic Peninsula. In: Antarctic Earth Science, eds. R.L. Oliver, P.R. Riley, T.R., Leat, P.T., Pankhurst, R.J. & Harris, C. 2001. Origins of large volume 5Gd-To I C James & J.B. Jago, 323-327. Cambridge University Press. rhyolitic volcanism in the Antarctic Peninsula and Patagonia by crustal melting. n 66°30' H metres Journal of Petrology, 42, 1043-1065. l Mount Haddington (ice cap?) Farquharson, G.W. 1984. Late Mesozoic, non-marine conglomeratic sequences of C 5Gd-To e I 2000 northern Antarctic Peninsula (The Botany Bay Group). British Antarctic Survey Riley, T.R., Crame, J.A., Thomson, M.R.A. & Cantrill, D.J. 1997. Late Jurassic t L Trinity Peninsula Bulletin, 65, 1-32. (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian) macrofossil assemblage from Jason Peninsula, Graham 4 4b b Stanley L Botany 13 Fleet, M. 1966. The geology of the Oscar II Coast, Graham Land. PhD thesis, Land: evidence for a significant northward extension of the Latady Formation. 1000 Brandy 13 Antarctic Science, 9, 434-442. 66°30'S Bay University of Birmingham. 138pp. Island T P 2c Bay Snow Hill Island 5 5Gd-To 4b 13 Fleet, M. 1968. The geology of the Oscar II Coast, Graham Land. British Antarctic Riley, T.R., Flowerdew, M.J., Hunter, M.A. & Whitehouse, M.J. 2010. Middle Jurassic Ga E 5 S 0 66°30'S rhyolite volcanism of eastern Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula: age correlations Gd-To S Survey Scientific Reports, 59, 46pp. N and stratigraphic relationships. Geological Magazine, 581-595. 4 b 4b 3 Flowerdew, M.J. 2008. On the age and relation between metamorphic gneisses and I Riley, T.R., Leat, P.T., Kelley, S.P., Millar, I.L & Thirlwall, M.F. 2003. Thinning of the A the Trinity Peninsula Group, Bowman Coast, Graham Land, Antarctica. Antarctic Spur Point N -1000 2b 9 9 11 11 11 Antarctic Peninsula lithosphere through the Mesozoic: evidence from Middle 5Ga 2 2 Science, 20, 511-512. S b a Jurassic basaltic lavas. Lithos, 67, 163-179. 5Gd 2a O U Flowerdew, M.J. 2010. Geological mapping at the Foyn Coast, Graham Land. O -2000 AD6/2R/2009/GL1. British Antarctic Survey unpublished report. Saunders, A.D. 1982. Petrology and geochemistry of alkali-basalts from Jason L 4b 7 Peninsula, Oscar II Coast, Graham Land. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin, 55, 1c C A Hamer, R.D. 1984. The geochemistry and age of the pluton, Antarctic 1-9. Peninsula. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin, 64, 1-19. Smellie, J.L. 1991. Middle Late Jurassic volcanism on the Jason Peninsula, Antarctic

5G Cape Haselwimmer, C.E., Riley, T.R. & Liu, J.G. 2011. Lithologic mapping in the Oscar II Peninsula, and its relationship to the break up of Gondwana. In: Gondwana 7 Alexander Coast area, Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula using ASTER data. International proceedings, eds. H. Ulbrich & A.C. Rocha Campos, 685-699. Universidade de

Journal of Remote Sensing, 32, 2013-2035. Sâo Paulo. 5Ga 5Gd-To Hathway, B. 2000. Continental rift to back-arc basin: Jurassic - Cretaceous Smellie, J.L., Roberts, B. & Hirons, S.R. 1996. Very low- and low-grade N stratigraphical and structural evolution of the Larsen Basin, Antarctic Peninsula. 5Gd-To metamorphism in the Trinity Peninsula Group (Permo-Triassic) of northern FROM BASTION PEAK TO CAPE FRAMNES (Line B-B1) Journal of the Geological Society, London, 157, 417-432. Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula. Geological Magazine, 133, 583-594. Y Hathway, B. & Kelley, S.P. 2000. Sedimentary record of explosive silicic volcanism in a Stubbs, G.M. 1968. Geology of parts of the Foyn and Bowman coasts, Graham Land. 4b B B 5Gd-To Scale: 1:625 000 1 Cretaceous deep-marine conglomerate succession, northern Antarctic Peninsula. PhD thesis, University of Birmingham. 245pp. Sedimentology, 47, 451-470. 5 O Thomson, M.R.A. & Pankhurst, R.J. 1983. Age of post-Gondwanian calc-alkaline Gd-To metres Eden Gulliver Hathway, B. & Riding, J.B. 2001. Stratigraphy and age of the Lower Cretaceous 4b Cole Cape Robinson kilometres Bastion Peak volcanism in the Antarctic Peninsula region. In: Antarctic Earth Science, eds. R.L. 1000 1a Glacier Nunataks Pedersen Formation, northern Antarctic Peninsula. Antarctic Science, 13, 67-74.

F 4 Oliver, P.R. James & J.B. Jago, 328-333. Cambridge University Press. M Peninsula 0 10 20 30 40 50 b Standring Inlet i 1 Cape Framnes l a 3 4 Scar Inlet Hunter, M.A., Cantrill, D.J., Flowerdew, M.J. & Millar, I.L. 2005. Middle Jurassic age for Vaughan, A.P.M., Trouw, R., Bradshaw, J., Dean, A.A. & Millar, I.L. 2001. The Geology l b 0 the Botany Bay Group: implications for Basin creation and southern of northern Graham Land, including northern Gerlache Strait localities, and parts I 0 10 20 30 n 5To 4b 4a 4b hemisphere biostratigraphy. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 162, of eastern Trinity Peninsula from Mount Cardinal to Sobral Peninsula, with special l 5 1 6 e miles QM a 4b 745-748. emphasis on View Point. British Antarctic Survey unpublished report. t 10 1b 67°S -1000 Ga-Ga AD6/2R/2001/GL3. 1 Leat, P.T., Scarrow, J.H. & Millar, I.L. 1995. On the Antarctic Peninsula batholith. 1 b 1 1 Geological Magazine, 132, 399-412. Whitham, A.G. 1993. Facies and depositional processes in an Upper Jurassic to a 1a 5Gd b b -2000 Marsh, A.F. 1968. Geology of parts of the Oscar II and Foyn Coasts, Graham Land. Lower Cretaceous pelagic sedimentary sequence. Antarctica. Sedimentology, 40, PhD thesis, University of Birmingham, 291pp. 331-349. 65°W 64° 63° 62° 61° 60° 59°W 58°W 57°W 56°W 55°W Millar, I.L., Milne, A.J. & Whitham, A.G. 1990. Implications of Sm-Nd garnet ages for Whitham, A.G. & Doyle, P. 1989. Stratigraphy of the Upper Jurassic - Lower the stratigraphy of northern Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula. Zentrablatt für Cretaceous Nordenskjold Formation of eastern Graham Land, Antarctica. Journal Geologie und Paläeontologie, Teil, 97-104. of South American Earth Sciences, 2, 371-384.

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