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Engineering China's Skylines ctbuh.org/papers Title: Engineering China’s Skylines Author: Dasui Wang, Chief Engineer, ECADI Subjects: Architectural/Design Building Case Study Publication Date: 2016 Original Publication: CTBUH Journal, 2016 Issue III Paper Type: 1. Book chapter/Part chapter 2. Journal paper 3. Conference proceeding 4. Unpublished conference paper 5. Magazine article 6. Unpublished © Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat / Dasui Wang Talking Tall: Dasui Wang Engineering China’s Skylines Dasui Wang, China Design Master and chief structural engineer for East China Architectural Design Institute (ECADI), is the recipient of the inaugural CITAB - CTBUH China Tall Building Outstanding Achievement Award. Wang has committed his life’s work to designing the structural engineering solutions behind some of China’s and the world’s outstanding tall buildings. His long list of projects includes the Oriental Pearl TV Tower, CCTV New Headquarters, Tianjin International Dasui Wang Financial Center, Shanghai World Financial Center, and Shanghai Tower. Wang sat with CTBUH Journal Editor Daniel Safarik to talk about his 52-year career and the Interviewee tremendous amount of change he has seen during this time. Dasui Wang, Chief Engineer East China Architectural Design Institute (ECADI) 151 Hankou Road What do you consider to be your greatest several TV towers under construction at Shanghai 200002 China accomplishment? Tianjin, Liaoning, Wuhan, and Beijing, but they t: +86 21 6321 7420 I don’t know that I can say I have a single were all smaller than the Oriental Pearl Tower. f: +86 21 6321 4301 e: email 1 great accomplishment, but I think of myself www.ecadi.com as walking along with the development of So this was an unprecedented structure, China. Specifi cally, the last 30 years have meant to be not only a TV tower but a Dasui Wang Dasui Wang is one of China’s foremost thought been a golden period of time in China’s symbol and an observation tower. What leaders on the design and implementation of development. I have been working at ECADI accounted for the tripod-like, ball-and-stick supertall buildings, with experience in both structural engineering and architecture. Wang for 37 years, since 1979. In this period, my design for which it is famous? graduated from Tongji University in 1964. As colleagues and I really did something for our Originally it was created for broadcasting a Design Master of China and a consultant for ECADI, he is renowned in the fi eld of engineering country. We were lucky to have participated purposes. There was no cable TV back then; design. Currently, he holds the position of Deputy in building most of the important tall only high-frequency transmissions, which Director of the High-Rise Building Committee of the Architectural Society of China. He is a member buildings in China. That is a source of great required height to cover all of the city’s of the Ministry of Construction High-Rise Building pride for me. territory. The location chosen was the Review Committee and an adjunct professor at Tongji University. He has participated in writing and geographic center of Shanghai. reviewing a number of national design specifi cations One of your groundbreaking works was the and codes. Oriental Pearl TV Tower in Shanghai (see The architects proposed the initial formal Figure 1). Can you talk a little about how concept of “Oriental Pearl,” which was based that project came to be? The project is a truly original one for China. ECADI did all of the work independent of the transmission technology. We got the project in 1989, when I was the lead structural engineer. During that period, there were few communications with overseas professional architects. And we had never seen foreign TV towers to use as a reference. There were Since the economic opening, China has bene“ fi ted from foreign architecture techniques, and has closed the gap with the world. Now that we have the confi dence to execute complex projects, we need to focus on originality in design and innovation. Figure 1. Oriental Pearl TV Tower, Shanghai. ” © Tansri Muliani 48 | Talking Tall: Dasui Wang CTBUH Journal | 2016 Issue III on Shanghai’s central position on China’s What do you think are the greatest coastline and its role as the brightest city of challenges that you have overcome? eastern China. You can see the tower has six I think this is best answered in the context of balls, which the Chinese call mingzhu (pearls). the development progress of China in tall There is an ancient Chinese poem that refers buildings over three decades. In the 1920s to “big and small pearls falling into a jade and 1930s, Shanghai had some tall buildings plate.” We structural engineers made great constructed, like the Park Hotel, and it looked eff orts to realize this concept. In conclusion, like a small Manhattan. But because of World the achievement of the Oriental Pearl Tower is War II and the Chinese Civil War, it all stopped, owed to several architects and structural and most of the work in engineering was in engineers, rather than the work of one person. industry. After the 1970s, as the population increased, we had to consider high-rise There were many proposals, and ECADI residential development. At that time, China presented several of them. The former was a closed-off country without foreign Figure 2. Shanghai World Financial Center, Shanghai. President Jiang Zemin, who was mayor of communication. Chinese engineers had to do © Mori Building Shanghai in 1989, chose this proposal after their own research and development. Before There is still, it seems, a lot of responsibility consulting with the relevant experts’ opinions. 1986, nearly all of the engineering work was that rests with the Chinese design institutes, done domestically. more so than in the West, where the design There is a painting in the China Art Museum, architects often insist on being involved all which features what appears to be Deng The important projects I was involved in at the way through the projects. Do you think Xiaoping looking admiringly out a window that time were the Huating Hotel, 1982–1985, the projects have achieved a higher level of at Oriental Pearl Tower. What is the story and the Huadong Diandi (East China Electrical quality through this more rigid separation of behind that? Power Distribution) building in 1989 – both in duties? Jiang showed Deng Xiaoping a model of the Shanghai. From about 1986, foreign architects Before 1990, we did not have many tall Oriental Pearl, which was highly praised by and engineers began to be involved in buildings in Pudong’s Lujiazui District. Then, Deng. Chinese projects, fi rstly in Shanghai, including Lujiazui became a showcase of China’s the Jinjiang Hotel on Huaihai Road. Since “opening up,” with a great number of excellent It is impressive that this was at a time when 1990, when Pudong opened to development, tall buildings. These buildings, which Chinese architecture was not as open to more high-level foreign architecture combined foreign technology and Chinese international expertise as it is now. How was companies have been involved. engineers’ skills, are our pride. a feasible concept realized? Most of the tall TV towers around the world What was diff erent about working with Two projects, in particular, impressed me consist of one single tube with cable-stayed those fi rms? deeply. One is the Jin Mao Tower. You can see supports. The Chinese don’t like the cable- The government set relevant policies at that that there are some Chinese elements in the stayed style. They like self-supporting towers. time, which welcomed foreign architects to design. From the structural standpoint, I fi nd Since the design called for a big ball to be put be involved. But another policy was that that an effi cient outrigger system was used. up to 300 meters’ height to accommodate foreign designers could only be involved up tourism needs, a single tube would not be to the concept period. Before the construction The other is Shanghai World Financial Center strong enough to support it. To support the drawing stage, the foreign architects and (see Figure 2). The structural engineer was three vertical tubes and the ball, the inclined, engineers were more involved. And Chinese Leslie Robertson, who is really a genius. He triangulated tubes composed a stable architects and engineers got more involved in was an electrician on an aircraft carrier in structure. The structural concept is very clear. the later stages. We had these policies in World War II. After the war, he came to eff ect for a long time, which I think was the university and fi nally became an excellent It must be satisfying to see the tower right decision. engineer. remains popular to this day. At the same time, considering that there are a The two groups of architects paid attention to Since the opening up, China has benefi ted large number of visitors – about fi ve million a diff erent stages but kept in constant contact, from foreign architecture techniques. year – we need six elevators in those three which was good for Chinese architectural Nowadays, we don’t have a big gap with tubes. Recently, the owner has requested development. We were exposed to new high-level architecture around the world. We more elevators to increase capacity, which is technology and new expression methods, can design all kinds of buildings. Now that we not easy. We are working on developing a both architectural and structural. have the confi dence to do that, we need to feasible plan for them. focus on originality in design and innovation. CTBUH Journal | 2016 Issue III Talking Tall: Dasui Wang | 49 What interested you in structural helpful that the government ask experts to engineering? peer-review the project.
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