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Picturing school A visual guide to secondary school buildings and their surroundings using the Design Quality Indicator for Schools < >

CABE, the Commission for and the Built Environment, is the government’s advisor on architecture, and public . This presentation has been prepared by CABE as part of its programme to promote design quality in schools. < >

Picturing school design is an illustrated guide to help create better education buildings. It includes some of the common pitfalls in school design and shows some suggested solutions to overcoming these recurring problems, using principles.

The content is based on the Design Quality Indicator for Schools, a tool especially formulated by the Construction Industry Council and the Department for Education and Skills to help everyone involved in creating new schools and refurbishing existing ones. Design Quality Indicator for Schools < >

The Design Quality Indicator (DQI) for Schools is a tool which provides a framework for the assessment of school design. It is used to assist teachers, parents, school governors, pupils, people from the community, local authority clients and building professionals achieve design excellence in new or refurbished school buildings and grounds. Design Quality Indicator for Schools < >

In the initial stage it is used to help a group of key stakeholders to form a consensus about priorities and ambitions for the design brief. During the design phase, the DQI for Schools can be used by the same stakeholder group to assess how well the plans for building work meet the objectives that were set out at the initial stage. Then, once the building work is completed and the school is in use, the DQI for Schools tool can be used to assess how well it functions in relation to the ambitions of the stakeholder group that were set out at the start of the process. Design Quality Indicator for Schools < >

A trained DQI facilitator will help manage the use of the DQI for Schools tool throughout the consultation and design process and once the building is complete. The DQI for Schools tool is made up of a number of specific statements about school design, listed under ten headings. Some of the statements are illustrated in this presentation with recent pictures of school buildings. < >

The following examples are all from secondary schools that have been completed in the last five years. The schools have been procured through PFI, academy and traditional funding.

The photographs illustrate a variety of features, both successful and less successful, to demonstrate particular issues in achieving good school design. They are not, however, intended to be representative of the overall design quality of the schools mentioned. Home < > Design Quality Indicator for Schools The DQI for Schools assesses each of the following 10 criteria in detail

Functionality Build quality Impact

Access Performance The school in its community

Space services Within the school

Uses Construction Form and materials

Character and innovation Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Functionality

The arrangement, quantity and inter-relationship of spaces, and how the building is designed to be used

Subheadings: Access; Space; Uses Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Access

How easy it is for all people to get to the school and move around it Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building should provide good access for everyone PROBLEMS � The view to the school entrance is obstructed by cars � A conflict between cars and pedestrians creates a safety hazard Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building should provide good access for everyone SOLUTIONS � The scheme encourages bicycle use and features a safe pedestrian entrance Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building should provide good access for everyone SOLUTIONS � Circulation spaces should be wide enough to comfortably accommodate all users and be designed to assist people with physical disabilities including visual and hearing impairment Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

It should be easy to find your way around school PROBLEMS � Curved internal corridors without any windows can be rather disorientating � Reflective floor surfaces can cause glare, creating difficulties for people who are visually impaired Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

It should be easy to find your way around school SOLUTIONS � Here, the layout of the school is clearly visible after passing through the reception area � Generous, well daylit corridors are easily supervised Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

It should be easy to find your way around school SOLUTIONS � Good signage can help orientation and should be located in a logical and prominent position Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Space

Space is about the size and inter-relationship of a building’s rooms and spaces Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Teaching spaces should be adequate and appropriate for the curriculum and organisation of the school PROBLEMS � Basic finishes, low quality furniture, crude light fittings and surface-mounted services create uninspiring spaces for teaching and learning � Hard ceiling and wall surfaces result in echoey rooms, making listening and communicating difficult Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Teaching spaces should be adequate and appropriate for the curriculum and organisation of the school SOLUTIONS � Structural timber beams create attractive spaces with good acoustic properties Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Teaching spaces should be adequate and appropriate for the curriculum and organisation of the school SOLUTIONS � Windows on both sides of rooms, as well as rooflights, provide good daylighting for practical tasks � Acoustic panels on ceilings create visual interest and reduce sound levels during noisy activities Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Teaching spaces should be adequate and appropriate for the curriculum and organisation of the school SOLUTIONS � This refurbishment of a Victorian classroom provides high quality space � High ceilings ensure good air quality � Large windows provide good daylighting for the full depth of the room Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Halls should be of an appropriate size and design for their intended purpose PROBLEMS � Low quality materials and furniture give a poor impression to visitors for school and community functions � A fixed stage results in a lack of flexibility for some activities Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Halls should be of an appropriate size and design for their intended purpose SOLUTIONS � Attractive design creates a good impression for parents/carers and community users � Good daylighting from two sides creates a pleasant ambience and saves energy � A balcony located over stores creates useful additional space Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Halls should be of an appropriate size and design for their intended purpose SOLUTIONS � Plain finishes and good detailing create an uncluttered appearance � Indirect daylighting provides good illumination and natural ventilation for examinations and other uses � Flexibility is created by a large room divider Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Staff and administration areas should be suitable for the needs of the school workforce PROBLEMS � ‘Workforce Reform’ has increased the number of staff needing good working conditions outside the classroom for preparation and administrative support. Provision can often be inadequate Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Staff and administration areas should be suitable for the needs of the school workforce SOLUTIONS � Pleasant, daylit spaces provide a relaxed atmosphere � Acoustically absorbent ceilings can create a quiet ambience Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

There should be adequate and appropriately located storage space PROBLEMS � Teachers need adequate storage for teaching materials, books and students’ work in locations that are easily accessible Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

There should be adequate and appropriately located storage space SOLUTIONS � Art rooms need generous storage for students’ work, much of which is assessed for public examinations Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

There should be adequate and appropriately located storage space SOLUTIONS � Storage also needs very careful consideration for science areas � Rolling storage units can be a very efficient way of providing sufficient storage in a prep room Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

There should be adequate and appropriately located storage space SOLUTIONS � Shallow, built-in cupboards with sliding doors in front, and shelving and filing systems are an efficient and accessible form of classroom storage � Such built-in storage helps to keep classrooms tidy and avoids the creation of circulation hazards � Walk-in storerooms are also effective Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Dining and social areas should be sufficient to allow for healthy eating, relaxation and recreation PROBLEMS � Low ceilings or a lack of daylighting make spaces feel oppressive � Low ceilings also hinder flow of air and the removal of food and cooking smells � Cramped layouts make circulation difficult Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Dining and social areas should be sufficient to allow for healthy eating, relaxation and recreation SOLUTIONS � Large windows create pleasant environments with good daylight and views out, and provide good ventilation � High ceilings improve air circulation � Informal layouts can create a relaxing atmosphere Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Dining and social areas should be sufficient to allow for healthy eating, relaxation and recreation SOLUTIONS � Here, an economical space was created by roofing over the area between two existing buildings � It has good daylighting and ventilation � Its informal design creates good social space � Flexible spaces can have a variety of uses outside of meal times Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Toilets should be of high standard and appropriately located PROBLEMS � Poor quality finishes are difficult to clean � Poor quality fittings are insufficiently durable for heavy use � Detailing is crude and unsightly Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Toilets should be of high standard and appropriately located SOLUTIONS This scheme shows: � Durable construction with tiled blockwork walls and solid doors � Full height partitions � Good detailing to ensure fittings are not vulnerable to damage Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The grounds should provide for all formal and informal curriculum needs of pupils, and for the needs of the wider school community PROBLEMS � Spaces between two blocks can be difficult to use and maintain � Poorly detailed design further detracts from the appearance Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The grounds should provide for all formal and informal curriculum needs of pupils, and for the needs of the wider school community SOLUTIONS � An attractive courtyard within a school provides a pleasant, sheltered area for relaxing or working outdoors in good weather Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The grounds should provide for all formal and informal curriculum needs of pupils, and for the needs of the wider school community SOLUTIONS � Generously-sized courtyards provide sheltered areas for socialising and play � They are also suitable for outdoor teaching during fine weather Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Uses

How well the school caters for the functions it was intended to accommodate, and for those it will have in the future Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building should be adaptable to changing needs PROBLEMS � Loadbearing walls between classrooms mean that changing the size of the teaching spaces would be very difficult and expensive Functionality Build quality : Impact Home < > ThePerformanceAccess school : Space and : Engineering :its Uses community Services : Within : Construction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building should be adaptable to changing 60m2 90m2 needs 120m2 SOLUTIONS � Where walls between 2 classrooms are non-structural, 60m they can be removed or replaced in different locations � These plans show three 90m2 different divisions of a 60m2 60m2 180 square metre space Home < > Design Quality Indicator for Schools The DQI for Schools assesses each of the following 10 criteria in detail

Functionality Build quality Impact

Access Performance The school in its community

Space Engineering services Within the school

Uses Construction Form and materials

Character and innovation Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Build quality

How well the building is constructed: its structure, fabric, finishes and fittings, its engineering systems, the co-ordination of all these and how well they perform

Subheadings: Performance; Engineering services; Construction Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Performance

The building’s mechanical, environmental, and safety systems Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building’s finishes should be durable PROBLEMS � Lightweight plasterboard partitions vulnerable to impact damage � Low suspended ceilings in corridors vulnerable to displacement � Paintwork and projecting piers in corridors vulnerable to scuffing Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building’s finishes should be durable SOLUTIONS � A palette of durable materials is used here – brick, stainless steel balustrades, glass panels, rubber stud flooring – all of which are resistant to heavy wear and are easy to clean Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building’s finishes should be durable SOLUTIONS � Natural stone on attractive front elevations creates a positive impression on arrival at school � The appearance of the stone will improve with weathering Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Engineering services

The quality of the building’s components Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The design should minimise the requirement for mechanical ventilation/ cooling/heating PROBLEMS � Rooflights without any ventilators or shading result in excessive solar gain and can lead to unacceptable temperatures during the summer months Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The design should minimise the requirement for mechanical ventilation/ cooling/heating SOLUTIONS � Classroom blocks should be designed to provide good daylighting without overheating from direct sun Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The design should minimise the requirement for mechanical ventilation/ cooling/heating SOLUTIONS � Classrooms face north to avoid direct sunlight and overheating � Natural ventilation comes through windows and rooflights � Winter sunlight is collected in circulation spaces to provide heating Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Construction

How well the building is put together Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The layout, structure and engineering systems should be well integrated PROBLEMS � Services are not well integrated into the structure of some buildings Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The layout, structure and engineering systems should be well integrated SOLUTIONS � Service runs have been carefully concealed within this structure to create an attractive, uncluttered appearance � Light fittings are unobtrusive Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building should use sustainable and renewable systems and materials, which have low embodied energy PROBLEMS � Embodied energy is the energy used in material’s manufacture and transport. Aluminium cladding has a very high embodied energy content – 126 times that of wood Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building should use sustainable and renewable resources, and have low embodied energy SOLUTIONS � The main structure here comprises a concrete frame and concrete wall and floor panels, with insulated render or terracotta cladding. These are all natural materials with low embodied energy � The resulting heavy structure has high thermal mass, which helps to stabilise temperatures inside when those outside are hitting extreme highs or lows Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building should use sustainable and renewable resources, and have low embodied energy SOLUTIONS � Heavy roof planted with sedum helps to stabilise internal temperatures during periods of very hot or cold weather � The high absorption of rainwater helps to reduce the risk of flooding � The sedum also provides a natural habitat for wildlife Functionality Build Qualityquality ImpactImpact Home < > ThePerformance school and : Engineering its community Servicesservices : Within :: ConstructionConstruction the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building should use sustainable and renewable resources, and have low embodied energy SOLUTIONS � Sustainability features can act as a learning tools for students � External materials that are from sustainable sources or are recyclable � Energy conservation with photovoltaic panels and rainwater recycling Home < > Design Quality Indicator for Schools The DQI for Schools assesses each of the following 10 criteria in detail

Functionality Build quality Impact

Access Performance The school in its community

Space Engineering services Within the school

Uses Construction Form and materials

Character and innovation Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Impact

A building’s ability to delight, to intrigue, to create a sense of place, and uplift the local community and environment. It also includes the design’s contribution to the art and science of building and architecture

Subheadings: The school in its community; Within the school; Form and materials; Character and innovation Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The school in its community

The relationship of the school with its surroundings Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building should be sited well in relation to its context PROBLEMS � This school is located on a restricted site, and the crude security railings dominate the appearance from outside the site Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building should be sited well in relation to its context SOLUTIONS � This bold new entrance block clearly signals the entrance to the school � Its contemporary design and impressive scale fit well with the imposing original buildings � The stone boundary wall enhances the streetscape Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building should be sited well in relation to its context SOLUTIONS � The new building here helps to define the school boundary along the existing street frontage � The green copper cladding compliments the mature trees on the opposite side of the road Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Within the school

The quality inside the building Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The circulation spaces and common areas should be enjoyable PROBLEMS � Some main entrance areas are very cramped, with low ceilings and inferior quality finishes creating a poor first impression Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The circulation spaces and common areas should be enjoyable SOLUTIONS � Here, this dramatic entrance atrium with good daylighting creates a good first impression � Good visibility of staircases and balconies can assist supervision � They can be suitable for a variety of uses including displays and exhibitions Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The circulation spaces and common areas should be enjoyable SOLUTIONS � Here, an attractive four-storey main street with good daylighting creates an excellent area for circulation as well as socialising Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The circulation spaces and common areas should be enjoyable SOLUTIONS � Here, the unused spaces between two existing teaching blocks are enclosed as part of a refurbishment scheme � The glazed roof is supported on thin, multi-coloured, tree- like columns, making the space bright and enjoyable Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The natural light in the building should be of high quality PROBLEMS � A lack of daylighting, poor quality finishes, low ceilings and inadequate artificial lighting can create oppressive internal spaces Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The natural light in the building should be of high quality SOLUTIONS � Wedge-shaped atrium areas at the centre of teaching blocks allow good daylighting, and can also provide breakout areas for private study and group work Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The natural light in the building should be of high quality SOLUTIONS � An entrance hall for a combined primary and secondary school � Large rooflights provide ample daylight, which emphasises the clean, spacious design and good detailing Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Form and materials

The building’s physical composition, scale and configuration within its boundaries Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The form and materials should be well detailed PROBLEMS � An ineffective canopy over the main entrance doors, and uninspiring landscaping creates a poor impression of the exterior of the building Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The form and materials should be well detailed SOLUTIONS � Carefully considered detailing to this dining hall creates an attractive contrast to the terracotta cladding Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The form and materials should be well detailed SOLUTIONS � Well-detailed staircases with glass balustrade panels look attractive and aid supervision Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

Character and innovation

What people think of the overall building Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building and its grounds should lift the spirits and raise aspirations PROBLEMS � A lack of variety in cladding and roof materials plus an extensive use of tarmac creates an uninspiring external local environment Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building and its grounds should lift the spirits and raise aspirations SOLUTIONS � The simple form and attractive proportions of classroom blocks, with bright white render, creates a positive impression of this school as viewed from the main road Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building and its grounds should lift the spirits and raise aspirations SOLUTIONS � A striking new entrance to an existing school, using bold and vibrant colours, has transformed existing buildings into something that is distinctive and special Functionality : Build quality Impact Home < > The school in its community : Within the school : Form and materials : Character and innovation

The building and its grounds should lift the spirits and raise aspirations SOLUTIONS � A dramatic entrance block with large glazed areas and chunky timber columns is welcoming at night as well as in daylight Image credits Home < >

For further information on school design visit: www.cabe.org.uk www.teachernet.gov.uk

For DQI for Schools visit: www.dqi.org.uk/schools

We are very grateful to the schools, local authorities and for giving us permission to use them as examples. Home < >

Image credits

All photographs by Andrew Beard, unless otherwise stated here. All images are copyright the photographers, and should be reproduced only with their permission. Photo by Dennis Gilbert/ Photo by Sunand Prasad Photo by Michele Turriani Photo by Michele Turriani VIEW

Photo courtesy of DfES Photo by kind permission, Photo by Edmund Sumner/ Photo by Andy Hendry, Photo by Andy Hendry, Nightingale Associates VIEW New Century Pictures New Century Pictures

Photo by Martin Charles Drawing by Nicholas Hare Photo courtesy of Simon Plan by Wilkinson Eyre Photo by Martin Charles, Architects LLP Doling / Feilden Clegg Architects diagram by Nicholas Hare Bradley Architects LLP Architects LLP Home < >

Image credits

Photo by Dennis Gilbert/ Photo by Dennis Gilbert/ Photo courtesy of Simon Photo by Andy Hendry, Photo by Andy Hendry, New VIEW VIEW Doling / Feilden Clegg New Century Pictures Century Pictures. Image Bradley Architects LLP courtesy of Feilden Clegg Bradley Architects LLP

Photo by kind permission, Photo courtesy of Photo courtesy of School Photo courtesy of Simon Photo by Martin Charles Nightingale Associates architecture plb/Bouygues of Architecture, Planning Doling / Feilden Clegg UK/constructionphotography and Landscape, University Bradley Architects LLP of Newcastle

Photo courtesy of Simon Photo courtesy of Simon Photo by Grant Smith/ Doling / Feilden Clegg Doling / Feilden Clegg VIEW Bradley Architects LLP Bradley Architects LLP