SLOVENIA Report on the Case Study (C.1.3.8
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SUPREME Supporting Maritime Spatial Planning in Eastern Mediterranean CASE STUDY SLOVENIA Report on the Case Study (C.1.3.8. – Addressing MSP Implementation in Case Study Areas) Koper, December 2018 DISCLAIMERS This document reflects only the authors’ views and not those of the European Union. This work may rely on data from sources external to the SUPREME project Consortium. Members of the Consortium do not accept liability for loss or damage suffered by any third party as a result of errors or inaccuracies in such data. The user thereof uses the information at its sole risk and neither the European Union nor any member of the SUPREME Consortium, are liable for any use that may be made of the information. The designations employed and the presentation of material in the present document do not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of UN Environment/MAP Barcelona Convention Secretariat concerning the legal status of any country, territory, area, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The depiction and use of boundaries, geographic names and related data shown on maps included in the present document are not warranted to be error free nor do they imply official endorsement or acceptance by UN Environment/ MAP Barcelona Convention Secretariat. UN Environment/MAP Barcelona Convention Secretariat is not accountable for the data and cannot guarantee that they are correct, accurate or comprehensive. i TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1 A. RELATION TO THE SPATIAL PLANNING FRAMEWORK ........................... 3 A.1 Responsibilities and tasks in the field of maritime spatial planning ............................ 5 B. CASE STUDY WITHIN THE SPATIAL PLANNING FRAMEWORK ............. 7 C. ANALYSIS OF THE CASE STUDY AREA ............................................................ 8 C.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 8 C.2 GENERAL OVERVIEW ............................................................................................. 8 C.2.1 Geographical and physical features .............................................................................. 8 C.2.2 Marine delineations and jurisdictions ........................................................................... 9 C.3 MARINE ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................................... 10 C.3.1 Structure, functions and processes of marine ecosystems .......................................... 11 C.3.2 Anthropogenic pressures on the marine environment ................................................ 18 C.4 MARITIME ACTIVITIES AND THEIR SOCIO-ECONOMIC TRENDS .............. 24 C.4.1 Extraction of living resources ..................................................................................... 24 C.4.2 Extraction of non-living resources .............................................................................. 28 C.4.3 Cultivation of living resources .................................................................................... 29 C.4.4 Transport ..................................................................................................................... 32 C.4.5 Physical restructuring of the coastline and seabed ..................................................... 39 C.4.6 Production of energy ................................................................................................... 42 C.4.7 Tourism and leisure .................................................................................................... 42 C.4.8 Public sector ................................................................................................................ 49 C.4.9 Nature conservation .................................................................................................... 52 C.5 LAND-SEA INTERACTIONS .................................................................................. 57 C.5.1 Interactions due to natural processes .......................................................................... 57 C.5.2 Interactions due to human uses and activities ............................................................. 57 C.6 CONFLICTS AND SYNERGIES IN THE USE OF MARITIME SPACE ............... 61 C.6.1 Existing conflicts ........................................................................................................ 61 C.6.2 Existing synergies ....................................................................................................... 62 C.7 TRANSBOUNDARY ISSUES .................................................................................. 62 C.7.1 Maritime transport ...................................................................................................... 62 C.8 SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE CASE STUDY AREA ................................................ 65 C.9 SUMMARY OF THE CASE STUDY ANALYSIS (MSP ORIENTED) .................. 69 C.9.1 Aquaculture ................................................................................................................. 69 C.9.2 Fisheries ...................................................................................................................... 70 ii C.9.3 Plants and infrastructure for exploration, exploitation and extraction of oil, gas and other energy sources ................................................................................................... 71 C.9.4 Maritime transport routes and traffic flows ................................................................ 71 C.9.5 Military training areas ................................................................................................. 72 C.9.6 Areas for nature and species conservation and protected areas .................................. 74 C.9.7 Areas of raw materials exploitation ............................................................................ 75 C.9.8 Scientific research ....................................................................................................... 76 C.9.9 Submarine cables and pipelines .................................................................................. 76 C.9.10 Tourism ....................................................................................................................... 77 C.9.11 Underwater cultural heritage ...................................................................................... 78 D. VISION, SCENARIOS AND OBJECTIVES OF MSP ......................................... 80 D.1 DEFINING THE STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK ....................................................... 80 D.2 DEVELOPMET VISION ........................................................................................... 80 D.3 DEFINING THE BROADER OBJECTIVES RELATED TO MSP ......................... 81 D.3.1 Main activities: high-level objectives (international/EU objectives) ......................... 81 D.3.2 Spatial Development Strategy of Slovenia 2050 (working material) ......................... 91 D.4 DEVELOPMENT SCENARIOS ................................................................................ 92 D.4.1 Potential development scenarios, their comparison and evaluation of impacts ......... 92 D.4.2 Selection of data and acquisition of additional information ....................................... 93 D.4.3 Identification of interests and trends in the area ......................................................... 93 D.4.4 Extrapolation of development trends and identification of potential scenarios ......... 94 D.4.5 Scenarios – identification of key parameters and impact evaluation ......................... 94 E. RESULTS OF THE CASE STUDY IMPLEMENTATION ............................... 113 E.1 Definition of priorities and measures ....................................................................... 113 E.1.1 Synthetic scenario – draft MSP ................................................................................ 113 E.1.2 Proposed MSP measures ........................................................................................... 113 E.1.3 Cartographic presentation ......................................................................................... 116 E.1.4 Conclusions ............................................................................................................... 118 F. SUMMARY OF PROCEDURAL STEPS ............................................................ 121 G. REVIEW OF THE STAKEHOLDERS ENGAGEMENT ................................. 122 G.1 Mapping of the key stakeholders .............................................................................. 122 G.1.1 First workshop .......................................................................................................... 122 G.2.1 Second workshop ...................................................................................................... 123 G.2.2 Third workshop ......................................................................................................... 124 H. QUESTIONNAIRE – EVALUATION OF THE MSP PROCESS .................... 125 iii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Bathymetry of the Gulf of Trieste. ........................................................................ 9 Figure 2: Slovenian territorial and internal waters. ............................................................. 10 Figure 3: Fishing reserves and protected areas.