Landfill Mining – Matchmaking Event
Landfill Mining Experiences in Austria
Author Date Location 1/ Landfill Mining Projects of FCC Austria
Project MINE ■ 2013 – 2017 ■ FCC Halbenrain ■ Landfill for Municipal and Industrial waste ■ Target: ■ Gaining experience and know-how in landfill mining
Project SLAU ■ 2013 - ongoing ■ FCC Entsorga - Tainach ■ Bottom ash Landfill ■ Target: ■ Recovery of metals 2/ Project MINE - Halbenrain Project Location
■ FCC Halbenrain / Styria / AT ■ Landfill for Household and Industrial waste in aftercare ■ Infrastructure (Gas Treatment, Wastewater Treatment, …) ■ Mechanical Biological Treatement Plant (80.000 Mg/a) ■ Sorting Line ■ Currently operated Landfill for residuals from MBT
3/ Project MINE Identification project area
Extrapolized data Monthly data available daily data available
Household Waste
Sludge
Industrial Waste
MBT Material
4/ Project MINE Identification project area
Dross
Slag
14 HH: total 30.000 Mg Relevant Materials: 17,5 %.
5/ Project MINE Identification project area
Interesting Very interesting Section size: 30 x 50 x 5 m 6/ Project MINE Project area
7/ Project MINE Focus Questions
■ Can the identified hotspots of interesting materials be found?
■ Can the extracted materials be separated with the available technologies?
■ How did the materials denaturate in the landfill (especially plastics and metals)?
■ Is Landfill Mining economically feasible due to the contained valuable materials?
■ What are the risks/dangers of Landfill Mining?
8/ Project MINE Excavation
9/ Project MINE Drying of Material
In existing MBT Plant on site: ■ Pre-drying in non- aerated Box for 11 days ■ Drying in aerated Box for 13 days under surveiled conditions
10/ Project MINE Mechanical treatment
11/ Project MINE Mechanical treatment
12/ Project MINE Mass balance
13/ Project MINE Film fraction
14/ Project MINE Light fraction
15/ Project MINE Air-separation heavy fraction
16/ Project MINE Non-Ferrous fraction
17/ Project MINE Overflow IFE
18/ Project MINE Fine fraction <14mm
19/ Project MINE Summary Recyclable Fractions
■ Fraction <14mm ■ Contains heavy metals (incl. Ag) ■ not possible to gain those metals mechanically ■ R&D question – chemical treatment ■ Heavy fraction air separator (14-60mm) ■ Good to process ■ contains approx. • 3% Fe • 1,3 % Al Non-ferrous metals ■ Possibility to gain an aluminium rich fraction ■ Low recovery rate ■ Handpicked foils ■ Dirty but hardly denatured films ■ Light fractions ■ High plastic content
20/ Project MINE Lessons learned
■ Clarification of legal situation ■ No landfill tax to be paid ■ Approval for process by Authorities ■ Work safety measures
■ Better understanding of the Landfill body ■ Stability of the landfill body (stability) ■ Water content of the material ■ Denaturation of the materials
21/ Project MINE Lessons learned
■ Know How about material processing ■ Pre-drying absolutely necessary ■ Separation rates with different technologies
■ Know How about recyclable fractions ■ Detailed analysis of fractions obtained ■ Basis for further research on recoverable materials
■ Economic feasibility ■ Funding of 19 % of project cost by FFG ■ No economic feasibility under current conditions
22/ Project MINE Outlook
■ Scientific Review ■ Collaboration with the Montanuniversität, • potential analysis • Improvement of yield • Presentation of results at EURELCO Symposium ELFM (enhanced landfill mining) • Montanuniversität examines plastic quality and pollution
■ Technical solutions ■ Cooperation with external Partner: • Processing <14mm fraction • Approach Elution experiments (which is chem. Solvent is suitable?)
23/ Project SLAU- Tainach Project Location
■ FCC Entsorga / Tainach / Carinthia / AT ■ Landfill for Household and waste (in aftercare since 2009) ■ Infrastructure (Gas Treatment, Wastewater Treatment, …) ■ Splitting Plant (50.000 Mg/a) ■ Currently operated Landfill for bottom ashes from Industry and WTE Plants (approx. 50.000 Mg/a)
24/ Project SLAU Project Outline
■ Processing of 20.000 Mg/a ■ Waste Incineration Slag ■ Processing capacity: 900 Mg/d ■ Campaign of approx. 8 weeks/a
■ Mechanical treatment only
■ Produciton of metal concentrates for further processing
25/ Project SLAU Mechanical treatment
INPUT
impact mill
FE FE seperator
6-55mm <6mm screen
>55mm
FE FE FE FE FE seperator seperator seperator
0-2mm 6-12mm 22-55mm screen Sorting cabin FE screen Rest
12-22 mm 2-6mm NE
eddy current eddy current eddy current Rest eddy current
NE Rest NE Rest NE Rest NE Rest 26/ Project SLAU Percentage metal rich fractions
■ Approx. 1.5 – 3,5 % of input depending on Incinerator
27/ Treatment Percentage metal rich fractions
28/ Project SLAU Concentrates
29/ Landfill Mining-SLAU Results
■ Main part of stainless steel stays in the landfill (not magnetic; difficult to separate) ■ Each incinerator has his own „type of bottom ash“ specific share of metal rich fractions 1,5% - 3,5% of Input ■ Environmental impact (rain) on process influences Output quality and quantity
■ Economically feasible!
30/ Thank you for your attention.
31/