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The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Faculty of Arts Department The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Faculty of Arts Academic Year Department of Archaeology and Ancient History 2016-2017 Vadodara, India 390002 Master of Arts: Regular YEAR 1 CORE 01: Credit 3 Semester 1 AM1C01AY0N / AAH2101 Hours 45 Prehistoric Cultures of India Objectives The primary aim of this course is to enable students to identify prehistoric cultures through artifacts and other archaeological remains. It introduces the idea of prehistory, its scope and objectives which is followed by sequential development of prehistoric Stone Age cultures and their geographical distribution in India. The environmental background and technological development in successive prehistoric cultural periods are also discussed in order to understand the changing economic activities, especially food gathering to food production and its spread. COURSE CONTENT/SYLLABUS UNIT-I 8 hrs 1. Introduction to prehistory and scope of prehistoric studies 2. General framework of Human evolution and development. 3. Environmental background and Human bio-cultural development. 4. Physical Features of Indian Subcontinent and their effects on prehistoric and Proto-historic cultures of India. 5. Prehistoric research in India in historic perspective. UNIT-II Prehistoric cultures 8 hrs Lower Paleolithic period Pioneering discoveries and major finds. Tools and typological variation, raw- materialfor tools and technology of production. Primary context and secondary context sites.Stratigraphy and chronological dimensions, Sohan industries and the Potwar geo-stratigraphy in perspective, Acheulian assemblages and geographical distribution,Type sites form different regions and major river valleys. Authors of Acheulian andissues of Hominin fossil ancestors in India. Evidence of cultural patterns and recentadvances in research. UNIT-III Prehistoric Cultures 12 hrs Middle Palaeolithic period Nevasa and Middle Palaeolithic culture, Tools and typological variation, Raw- materialsfor tools and technology of production. Stratigraphy and chronological position. MajorMiddle Palaeolithic sites in India, Primary and secondary context sites. Evidence ofcultural patterns and recent advances in research., Upper Paleolithic period. Upper Palaeolithic discoveries and problems of periodization,Tools and typological variation, Lithic raw-materials and technology ofproduction. Stratigraphy and chronological position. Regional nature of Upper Palaeolithic culturaldevelopment. Major Upper Palaeolithic sites in India. The Upper Palaeolithic and theemergence of anatomically modern humans. Evolution of different strands of behavioralmodernity. Prehistoric rock-art: Review of relevant evidence. Prehistoric Art and behavioual modernity. Antiquity of prehistoric art in India. Evidenceof prehistoric art: rock paintings, engravings, figurines. Important pre- historic rock-art sites. Prehistoric art and social dimensions UNIT-IV Prehistoric Cultures 9 hrs Mesolithic period Mesolithic cultural development and its scope. The Holocene environment and Mesolithic culture in India. Tools and typological variation, Raw-materialsfor tools and technology of production. Stratigraphy and chronological position. Major Mesolithic sites in India and regional variations in artifact assemblages Neolithic period Neolithic period and beginning of food production. Major Neolithic regions in India. Neolithic stone tools and technology of production. Domestication of cattle, sheep andgoat and cultivation of food grains. Evidence of structures and storage devices.Popularization of pottery and other containers.Neolithic society and Changing social production and relations of production UNIT -V Practicals: (this will run concurrent to the preceding units) 10 hrs Practical Identification of stone tools from different periods and Training in artifact drawing and documentation REFERENCES 1 Agrawal, D. P- The Archaeology of India, Curzon Press, London. 1982 2 Agrawal, D.P and D.K.Chakrabarti- Essays in Indian Protohistory, B.R.Publishing Co, Delhi, 1979 3 Allchin, B.R.and D.K.Chakrabarti- A Source Book on Indian Archaeology, M.M Publishers Pvt. limited, New Delhi , 1979 4 Allchin. B, A.Goudie, K.T.M.Hegde- The Prehistory and Paleogeography of the Great Indian Thar Desert, Academic Press, London, 1978 5 Allchin, B. and R. Allchin- The Rise of Civilisation in India and Pakistan, Cambridge University Press, London, 1983 6 Dennell, Robin The Palaeolithic Settlement of Asia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2009 7 Dikshit, K.N. (Ed)- Archaeological Perspective of India since Independence, Bulletin of the Archaeological Society, (Special Issues) Nos.13-14, 1984. 8 Erwin Newmayer- Lines on Stone: Prehistoric Rock Art of India, Manohar, New Delhi, 1993. 9 Fuller, D. Q- 2007 Neolithic Cultures in Pearsall, D.M., (Ed) Encyclopedia of Archaeology Academic press, New York:756 – 67 10 Misra, V. N. Indian Prehistory, Ecological perspective, Man and Environment 11 Paddayya, K 2007 The Palaeolithic cultures in Pearsall, D.M., (Ed) Encyclopedia of Archaeology, Academic pres, New York: 767-78 12 Petraglia, D. M., and Ravi Korisettar, 1998. Early Human Behavour in Global Context 13 Sankalia, H.D.- Stone Age Tools: Their Techniques, Names and Probable Functions, Deccan College, Pune, 1982 14 H.D.Sankalia- Prehistory and Protohistory of India and Pakistan, Deccan college, Pune, 1974 15 Subbarao, B.- Personality of India, Baroda, 1958 16 B.K.Thapar,B. K.- Recent Archaeological Discoveries in India, UNESCO Publication, 1985 17 Wheeler, R E M- Early India and Pakistan, Thames and Hudson, London,, 1959 The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Faculty of Arts Academic Year Department of Archaeology and Ancient History 2016-2017 Vadodara, India 390002 Master of Arts: Regular YEAR 1 CORE 02: Credit 3 Semester 1 AM1C02AY0N / AAH2102 Hours 45 Palaeography and Epigraphy Objectives The primary objective of this course is to make students proficient in identifying and reading ancient Indian scripts through a study of Brahmi and Kharoshthi scripts and selected inscriptions, edicts of ancient India starting from the Mauryan period to the time of Guptas. It traces the development of script through time and makes students aware of the importance of epigraphy as a major source of archaeology and history COURSE CONTENT/SYLLABUS UNIT-I Introduction to Ancient Indian Script 9 hrs (i) Antiquity of Writing in India (ii) Origin of Brahmi and Kharoshthi Scripts (iii) Introduction to South Indian Script-Vattezhuthu (iv) Decipherment of Ancient Indian Scripts (v) Development of the letters of Mauryans, W. Ksatrapas, Guptas scripts UNIT-II Early Inscriptions I 8 hrs (i) Junagarh Rock Eddict XIII of Asoka (ii) PillarEddict II of Asoka (iii) Dhamma of Asoka (iv) Besnagar Garuda Pillar Inscription of Bhagabhadra (v) Hathigupha Inscription of Kharavela UNIT-III Inscriptions of different dynasty 8 hrs (i) Mathura Stone Inscription of Huvishka (ii) Nanaghat Cave Inscription of Naganika (iii) Nasik Cave Inscription of Gautami Putra Satakarni (iv) Junagarh Rock Inscription Of Rudradaman I UNIT-IV Gupta Inscription 10 hrs (i)Allahabad Pillar Inscription of Samudragupta (ii)Mathura Pillar Inscription of Chadraguta Vikramaditya (iii)Junagarh Rock Inscription Of Skandagupta UNIT -V 10 hrs (i)Practical training in reading and writing of ancient scripts, (ii)Transliteration and reading ancient Indian scripts of different periods (This unit will run concurrent to the previous units) REFERENCES 1 Ahmed Hasan Dani, Indian Palaeography, New Delhi 2 Bajpai, K.D., K.Agrawal, S Bajpai, 1992: Ayitihasik Bhartiya Abhilekh, Publication Scheme, Jaipur 3 Basak Radhagovind, Asokan Inscription, 4 Buhler,G. 1959: Indian Palaeography: Indian Studies, Calcutta 5 Cunningham, A, 1961: Inscriptions of Asoka, Indological Book House, Delhi 6 Cunningham, A., 1961,: Inscriptions of Ashoka, Indological Book House Delhi. 7..Diskalkar, D.B, 1977: Selections from Sanskrit Inscriptions, ClassicalPublications, New Delhi. 8 Fleet, J., 1971: Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, Vol. 3, New Delhi 9 Gupta, S.P. & Ramachandran, The Origin Of Brahmi Script 10 Hultzch, F., 1969: Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, Vol.1 11 Jha Amiteshwar, 2003, Bharatiya Sikke, Ak Ayitihasik Parichay, IIRNS Publication, Mumbai 12 Mirashi, V.V., 1955 Corpus Inscritionum Indicarum, Vol. 4 13 Mookherji, R.K., 1959, Ashokan Inscription, Calcutta Progressive Publishers, Calcutta 14 Pandey Rajbali, 1984, Indian Palaeography, Motilal Banarasidas, Delhi. 15 Rana, M. S., 1978, Bhartiya Abhilekh, Bhartiya Vidhya Prakasan, Delhi 16 Ramesh, K.V., 1984: Indian Epigraphy, Vol. I , Sandeep Prakashan, Delhi 17 Soloman Richard, Indian Epigraphy The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Faculty of Arts Academic Year Department of Archaeology and Ancient History 2016-2017 Vadodara, India 390002 Master of Arts: Regular YEAR 1 CORE 03: Credit 3 Semester 1 AM1C03AY1N /AAH2103 Hours 45 Architecture, Sculpture and Iconography – I Objectives The main aim of this course is to make students acquainted with the major forms of Art and Architectural heritage of Ancient India. In the 1st part, it traces the origin and development of early Buddhist, Brahmanical and Jain architecture. It also provides a review of sculptural arts in ancient India from the Indus civilization to the Gupta period. COURSE CONTENT/SYLLABUS UNIT-I Historiography of Indian Art 11 hrs Architecture as a Source of Cultural Studies and Methods of its Interpretation. Rock-Cut Architecture: Main Features and stages of development of Chaitya Halls. (i) Barabar Hill Group (ii) Udaigiri-Khandgiri
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