DOCSLIB.ORG

Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul Centro Estadual De Pesquisa Em Sensoriamento Remoto E Meteorologia Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Sensoriamento Remoto

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul Centro Estadual De Pesquisa Em Sensoriamento Remoto E Meteorologia Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Sensoriamento Remoto UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL CENTRO ESTADUAL DE PESQUISA EM SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO E METEOROLOGIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA INFLUENCIA DO EL NIÑO – OSCILAÇÃO SUL E OSCILAÇÃO DECENAL DO PACÍFICO SOBRE AS GELEIRAS ANDINAS TROPICAIS USANDO SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO E PARÂMETROS CLIMÁTICOS BIJEESH KOZHIKKODAN VEETTIL Orientador: Prof. Dr. Sergio Florêncio de Souza Coorientador: Prof. Dr. Ulisses Franz Bremer Porto Alegre (RS), Janeiro de 2017 BIJEESH KOZHIKKODAN VEETTIL IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA INFLUENCIA DO EL NIÑO – OSCILAÇÃO SUL E OSCILAÇÃO DECENAL DO PACÍFICO SOBRE AS GELEIRAS ANDINAS TROPICAIS USANDO SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO E PARÂMETROS CLIMÁTICOS Tese de Doutorado submetida ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sensoriamento Remoto da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Doutor em Sensoriamento Remoto. Orientador: Dr. Sergio Florêncio de Souza Coorientador: Dr. Ulisses Franz Bremer Banca Examinadora: Dr. Jefferson Cardia Simões Dr. Cláudio Wilson Mendes Junior Dr. Atilio Efrain Bica Grondona PORTO ALEGRE 2017 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL Reitor: Rui Vicente Oppermann Vice-Reitora: Jane Fraga Tutikian INSTITUTO DE GEOCIÊNCIAS Diretor: André Sampaio Mexias Vice-Diretor: Nelson Luiz Sambaqui Gruber Veettil, Bijeesh Kozhikkodan Identificação da influência do El Niño-Oscilação Sul e Oscilação Decenal do Pacífico sobre as geleiras Andinas Tropicais usando Sensoriamento Remoto e parâmetros climáticos. / Bijeesh Kozhikkodan Veettil. - Porto Alegre: IGEO/UFRGS, 2017. [252 f.] il. Tese (Doutorado).- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sensoriamento Remoto. Instituto de Geociências. Porto Alegre, RS - BR, 2017. Orientador(es):Sergio Florêncio de Souza Coorientador(es):Ulisses Franz Bremer 1. Andes tropicais 2. El Niño - Oscilação Sul (ENOS) 3. Oscilação Decenal do Pacífico (ODP) 4. Retração da geleira I. Título. CDU 528.8CDU 528.8 ___________________________________________________________ Catalogação na Publicação Biblioteca Instituto de Geociências - UFRGS Sônia Teresinha Duarte de Oliveira CRB 10/2310 __________________________ Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Campus do Vale Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brasil CEP: 91501-970 / Caixa Postal: 15001. Fone: +55 51 3308-6329 Fax: +55 51 3308-6337 E-mail: [email protected] Aprovado pela Banca Examinadora em cumprimento ao requisito exigido para obtenção do Título de Doutor em Sensoriamento Remoto __________________________________ Dr. Sergio Florêncio de Souza (UFRGS) Orientador __________________________________ Dr. Jefferson Cardia Simões __________________________________ Dr. Cláudio Wilson Mendes Junior __________________________________ Dr. Atilio Efrain Bica Grondona Aluno: Bijeesh Kozhikkodan Veettil PORTO ALEGRE 2017 Dedico este trabalho à minha mãe Gouri e ao meu pai Balan Nair AGRADECIMENTOS Ao meu orientador, Prof. Dr. Sergio Florêncio de Souza e ao meu coorientador Prof. Dr. Ulisses Franz Bremer, meus agradecimentos pela ajuda, apoio, confiança, dedicação e paciência. À Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) pela bolsa de doutorado concedida. À Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) e ao Centro Estadual de Pesquisa em Sensoriamento Remoto e Meteorologia (CEPSRM) pelo ensino, pela qualidade e pela estrutura disponibilizada. Ao Prof. Dr. Jefferson Cardia Simões e Centro Polar e Climático (CPC) pela estrutura disponibilizada. À Dra. Shanshan Wang, Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province and Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA, Institute of Arid Meteorology CMA, Lanzhou, China e ao Prof. Dr. Éder Maier, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande pela ajuda com os dados climáticos e colaboração. Ao Prof. Dr. Cláudio Wilson Mendes Jr pela participação na banca. Ao Prof. Dr. Atilio Grondona pelas dicas sobre o curso e a tese, e pela amizade. Aos meus queridos Nilceia e Marco Antonio pela paciência e pela compreensão. À Geana pela sua ajuda desde inicio de inscrição de seleção de doutorado e pela amizade. À Profa. Dra. Eliana Lima da Fonseca para o seu apoio no início do curso. Aos professores, colegas, verdadeiros amigos e funcionários do CPC. Aos professores, colegas, verdadeiros amigos e funcionários do CEPSRM. “Somos o que nossos pensamentos fizeram de nós; portanto tome cuidado com o que você pensa. As palavras são secundárias. Os pensamentos vivem; eles viajam longe” Swami Vivekananda (1863-1902) RESUMO Nas últimas décadas, particularmente desde a década de 1970, testemunhou-se um rápido recuo das geleiras em várias partes dos Andes tropicais. Uma tendência de aquecimento foi observada na região durante o mesmo período, com um hiato recente desde no início de 2010. No entanto, este hiato pode não ser o principal fator a influenciar as observações de aquecimento e recuo das geleiras em altitudes elevadas nos Andes tropicais. Com o surgimento de imagens de alta resolução espacial e espectral, e de modelos digitais de elevação (MDE) de alta resolução, agora é possível compreender as mudanças multitemporais das geleiras, o que era difícil de realizar utilizando as técnicas tradicionais e os dados de baixa resolução. Neste trabalho foram calculadas as variações da linha de neve das geleiras selecionadas ao longo dos Andes tropicais desde o início de 1980. A linha de neve máxima observada durante a estação seca (inverno austral) nos trópicos pode ser considerada como equivalente à linha de equilíbrio que separa a zona de acumulação da zona de ablação. A fim de reduzir o erro na estimativa da linha de neve foram consideradas somente as geleiras com declividades menores que 20o. Dependendo da região estudada e da presença de cobertura de nuvens, foram selecionadas imagens de várias fontes. As imagens da série Landsat (MSS, TM, ETM+ e OLI), EO1 OLI, ASTER e IRS LISS III foram usadas junto com MDE do ASTER GDEM-v2. Três bandas espectrais (TM5 - infravermelho médio, TM4 – infravermelho próximo e TM2 - verde) foram utilizadas para calcular a linha de neve durante a estação seca, aplicando limiares adequados para TM4 e TM2. Os conjuntos de dados meteorológicos de várias fontes também foram analisados para observar as mudanças na precipitação, na temperatura e na umidade que influenciam os parâmetros glaciológicos como: o balanço de massa e a linha de equilíbrio. Geleiras representativas nos trópicos internos e trópicos externos foram consideradas separadamente dentro de um novo quadro, que foi baseado na precipitação, umidade e condições de temperatura ao longo da América do Sul. Neste âmbito, os Andes tropicais são classificados em trópicos internos, trópicos externos úmidos do norte, trópicos externos úmidos do sul e os trópicos externos secos. O Vulcão Cotopaxi no Equador (trópicos internos), o Nevado Caullaraju-Pastoruri que é uma geleira na Cordilheira Branca no Peru (trópicos externos úmidos do norte), o Nevado Cololo na Cordilheira Apolobamba na Bolívia (trópicos externos úmidos do sul), o Nevado Coropuna na Cordilheira Ampato no Peru e o Nevado Sajama na Cordilheira Ocidental da Bolívia (trópicos externos secos) são as geleiras representativas de cada grupo consideradas neste estudo. As geleiras tropicais nos trópicos internos, especialmente as situadas perto da Zona de Convergência Intertropicais (ZCIT), são mais vulneráveis a aumentos na temperatura e menos sensíveis a variações na precipitação. Em contraste, as geleiras nos trópicos externos respondem à variabilidade de precipitação muito rapidamente em comparação com a variação de temperatura, particularmente quando se deslocam para as regiões subtropicais. A dependência do balanço de massa sobre as características de sublimação também aumenta a partir dos trópicos internos para os trópicos externos. As condições de aquecimento, com maior umidade, tendem a aumentar a perda de massa por causa do derretimento em vez da sublimação. A elevação da umidade nos trópicos externos pode alterar as geleiras dominadas pela sublimação (nos trópicos externos e subtrópicos) e para as geleiras dominadas por derretimento. Observa-se que as geleiras próximas da ZCIT (trópicos internos e trópicos externos úmidos do sul) estão recuando mais rapidamente como uma resposta ao aquecimento global, enquanto que as geleiras nos trópicos externos úmidos do norte e trópicos externos secos mostraram recuo relativamente mais lento. Possivelmente isso pode ser devido à ocorrência de fases frias do El Niño - Oscilação Sul (ENOS) conjuntamente com a Oscilação Decenal do Pacífico (ODP). As anomalias observadas nas variáveis meteorológicas seguem os padrões de ODP e as variações anuais de linha de neve seguem eventos de El Niño particularmente na fase ODP quente. No entanto, uma forte correlação entre as variações da linha de neve e dos fenômenos ENOS (e ODP) não está estabelecida. As geleiras do Equador mostram menos retração em resposta à tendência de aquecimento se comparadas às observações feitas por outros pesquisadores na Colômbia e na Venezuela, provavelmente devido à grande altitude das geleiras equatorianas. Em poucas palavras, as geleiras menores e em baixas altitudes nos trópicos internos e trópicos externos úmidos do sul estão desaparecendo mais rapidamente do que outras geleiras nos Andes tropicais. Também se observou neste estudo a existência de uma propriedade direcional no recuo das geleiras, o que não se observou em quaisquer outros estudos recentes. As
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Freshwater Diatoms in the Sajama, Quelccaya, and Coropuna Glaciers of the South American Andes
    Diatom Research ISSN: 0269-249X (Print) 2159-8347 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tdia20 Freshwater diatoms in the Sajama, Quelccaya, and Coropuna glaciers of the South American Andes D. Marie Weide , Sherilyn C. Fritz, Bruce E. Brinson, Lonnie G. Thompson & W. Edward Billups To cite this article: D. Marie Weide , Sherilyn C. Fritz, Bruce E. Brinson, Lonnie G. Thompson & W. Edward Billups (2017): Freshwater diatoms in the Sajama, Quelccaya, and Coropuna glaciers of the South American Andes, Diatom Research, DOI: 10.1080/0269249X.2017.1335240 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2017.1335240 Published online: 17 Jul 2017. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 6 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tdia20 Download by: [Lund University Libraries] Date: 19 July 2017, At: 08:18 Diatom Research,2017 https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2017.1335240 Freshwater diatoms in the Sajama, Quelccaya, and Coropuna glaciers of the South American Andes 1 1 2 3 D. MARIE WEIDE ∗,SHERILYNC.FRITZ,BRUCEE.BRINSON, LONNIE G. THOMPSON & W. EDWARD BILLUPS2 1Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA 2Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA 3School of Earth Sciences and Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA Diatoms in ice cores have been used to infer regional and global climatic events. These archives offer high-resolution records of past climate events, often providing annual resolution of environmental variability during the Late Holocene.
    [Show full text]
  • 1.CEINTURE DE FEU, Paris
    Cette ligne est matérialisée par une rainure dans la façade, dans laquelle sera logée une ligne de néons rouge/orangé, couleurd’origine dugaznéon. danslafaçade, danslaquelleseralogéeunelignedenéonsrouge/orangé, Cette ligneestmatérialisée parunerainure estla plus intense que l’activitéterrestre Ce qui projet, se déploie sur les 4 façades du bâtiment central de est la de la Ceinture Feu, représentation ligne qui par imaginaire relie, 352 points, tous les volcans le émergés long de la plaque Pacifique. C’est dans cette zone ontdatél’originedusystèmesolaire. del’IPGPqui,lespremiers, etàsonétudescientifique.Cesontleschercheurs àlaTerre dePhysiqueduGlobe,rueCuvieràParis,estundes10lieuxaumondeconsacrés L’Institut Vinson Murphy Takahe Toney Frakes Steere Siple Hampton Sidley Waesche Andrus Moulton Berlin Morning Discovery Terror Erebus - · · Melbourne autre. Overlord DE FEU. JUIN 2009 Burney Lautaro Hudson Macá AGENCE PIECES MONTEES Melimoyu Corcovado ANGELA DETANICO, RAFAEL LAIN Minchinmávida Tronador INSTITUT DE PHYSIQUE DU GLOBE, PARIS Osorno Nouvelle-Zélande dans le Pacifique Sud. LA CEINTURE DE FEU Puntiagudo Cette zone est également caractérisée par de l’Amérique Centrale et des zones côtières de Un très grand nombre des volcans mondiaux est plus de la moitié des volcans en activité au- Cette intense activité volcanique et sismique Lanín actifs sont situés dans la ceinture de feu, et d’enfoncement d’une plaque tectonique sous une l’Australie pour englober les îles Fidji et la La CEINTURE DE FEU est une ligne imaginaire qui Elle suit en grande partie la plaque pacifique. rassemblé sur cette ligne de 40 000 km de long. Parmi les 1500 volcans sur la planète, les plus dessus du niveau de la mer forme cette CEINTURE correspond à des zones de subduction, processus Cette longue guirlande d’îles volcaniques prend naissance à la pointe méridionale de l’Amérique relie les 452 volcans qui bordent l’Océan Pacifique.
    [Show full text]
  • Jürgen Reinmüller
    JÜRGEN REINMÜLLER KLIMAVERHÄLTNISSE IN EXTREMEN HOCHGEBIRGEN DER ERDE Ergebnisse eines Sonderklimamessnetzes Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades „Magister der Naturwissenschaften“ an der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz Betreuung durch: Ao. UNIV. PROF. DR. REINHOLD LAZAR Institut für Geographie und Raumforschung 2010 Eidesstattliche Erklärung 2 Eidesstattliche Erklärung Ich, Jürgen Reinmüller, erkläre hiermit, dass die vorliegende Diplomarbeit von mir selbst und ohne unerlaubte Beihilfe verfasst wurde. Die von mir benutzten Hilfsmittel sind im Literaturverzeichnis am Ende dieser Arbeit aufgelistet und wörtlich oder inhaltlich entnommene Stellen wurden als solche kenntlich gemacht. Admont, im März 2010 Jürgen Reinmüller Vorwort 3 Vorwort Die höchstgelegenen Bereiche der Hochgebirge der Erde weisen bis dato eine außerordentlich geringe Dichte an Klimastationen und damit ein Defizit an verfügbaren Klimadaten auf. Aussagen zu den thermischen Aspekten in den Gipfellagen extremer Hochgebirge jenseits der 6000 m Grenze konnten bis dato nur unbefriedigend erörtert werden. Als staatlich geprüfter Berg- und Schiführer und begeisterter Höhenbergsteiger liegen die beeindruckenden, hochgelegenen Gipfel seit Jahren in meinem Interessensbereich. Zudem sehe ich mich in meinem bergführerischen Arbeitsbereich zunehmend mit den Zeichen des aktuellen Klimawandels konfrontiert. Schmelzende Gletscher oder auftauender Permafrost stellen für Bergsteiger ein nicht unwesentliches Gefahrenpotential dar. Die durch das von Univ. Prof. Dr. Reinhold Lazar ins Leben gerufene Projekt HAMS.net (High Altitude Meteorological Station Network) gewonnenen Daten können künftig bei der Tourenplanung diverser Expeditionen miteinbezogen werden und stellen eine wichtige Grundlage für klimatologische Hochgebirgsforschung in großen Höhen dar. Ich selbst durfte dieses interessante Projekt durch den Data-Logger-Tausch am Aconcagua im Februar 2007 ein wenig unterstützen und werde dem Projekt auch in Zukunft mit Rat und Tat zur Seite stehen.
    [Show full text]
  • Magmatic Evolution of the Nevado Del Ruiz Volcano, Central Cordillera, Colombia Minera1 Chemistry and Geochemistry
    Magmatic evolution of the Nevado del Ruiz volcano, Central Cordillera, Colombia Minera1 chemistry and geochemistry N. VATIN-PÉRIGNON “‘, P. GOEMANS “‘, R.A. OLIVER ‘*’ L. BRIQUEU 13),J.C. THOURET 14J,R. SALINAS E. 151,A. MURCIA L. ” Abstract : The Nevado del RU~‘, located 120 km west of Bogota. is one of the currently active andesitic volcanoes that lies north of the Central Cordillera of Colombia at the intersection of two dominant fault systems originating in the Palaeozoïc basement. The pre-volcanic basement is formed by Palaeozoïc gneisses intruded by pre-Cretaceous and Tertiarygranitic batholiths. They are covered by lavas and volcaniclastic rocks from an eroded volcanic chain dissected during the late Pliocene. The geologic history of the Nevado del Ruiz records two periods of building of the compound volcano. The stratigraphie relations and the K-Ar dating indicate that effusive and explosive volcanism began approximately 1 Ma ago with eruption of differentiated andesitic lava andpyroclastic flows and andesitic domes along a regional structural trend. Cataclysmic eruptions opened the second phase of activity. The Upper sequences consist of block-lavas and lava domes ranging from two pyroxene-andesites to rhyodacites. Holocene to recent volcanic eruptions, controled by the intense tectonic activity at the intersection of the Palestina fawlt with the regional fault system, are similar in eruptive style and magma composition to eruptions of the earlier stages of building of the volcano. The youngest volcanic activity is marked by lateral phreatomagmatic eruptions, voluminous debris avalanches. ash flow tuffs and pumice falls related to catastrophic collapse during the historic eruptions including the disastrous eruption of 1985.
    [Show full text]
  • Icmadophila Aversa and Piccolia Conspersa, Two Lichen Species New to Bolivia
    Polish Botanical Journal 55(1): 217–221, 2010 ICMADOPHILA AVERSA AND PICCOLIA CONSPERSA, TWO LICHEN SPECIES NEW TO BOLIVIA KARINA WILK Abstract. The species Icmadophila aversa and Piccolia conspersa are reported as new to the lichen biota of Bolivia. The studied material was collected in Madidi National Park (NW Bolivia). The species are briefl y characterized and their ecology and distribution are discussed. Key words: lichenized fungi, new records, Madidi region, Andes, South America Karina Wilk, Laboratory of Lichenology, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland; e-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION Bolivia is still one of the countries least studied While studying the material collected in the biologically, but the data already available indi- Madidi region I identifi ed two interesting lichen cate a potentially high level of biodiversity (Ibisch species – Icmadophila aversa and Piccolia con- & Mérida 2004). Knowledge of the cryptogams, spersa. The species are reported here as new to Bo- including lichens, is particularly defi cient (Feuerer livia. Brief descriptions and notes on their ecology et al. 1998). In the last decade, however, licheno- and worldwide distribution are provided. logical studies have progressed in Bolivia. The most recent works have provided many new dis- MATERIAL AND METHODS coveries: records new to the country, continent or Southern Hemisphere, and species new to The study is based on material collected in 2006–2007 in science (e.g., Ferraro 2002; Feuerer & Sipman Madidi National Park. The collection sites are located in 2005; Flakus & Wilk 2006; Flakus & Kukwa 2007; the Cordillera Apolobamba (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Cordillera Apolobamba - the First Ascent Ofpalomani Tranca
    135 Cordillera Apolobamba - The First Ascent ofPalomani Tranca Jim Curran Plates 54-56 The Cordillera Apolobamba is 130km NE of Lake Titicaca in SE Peru on the Bolivian border. It had been visited from Bolivia but seldom from Peru, and never by a British expedition. One summit, Palomani Tranca 5633m, remained unclimbed. This much information, gleaned by Geoff Tier after many fruitless hours in the RGS and AC libraries, was more or less what I had expected, for Geoff has that enviable knack of Finding Things Out. Moreover, he then Does Something About Them. As I lack both these attributes almost entirely but compensate for the lack with a proven and long standing flair for being led astray it was inevitable that, around the beginning of July, I would find myself with Geoff once more at Heathrow's Terminal 3 in double boots, salopette and furry jacket, clumping aboard a DClO. With me was an unopened letter from my bank manager marked 'Urgent and Confidential'. Generous support from the MEF and the BMC enabled us to fly to Lima where we met Andy Maskrey, an old friend of Geoffs, who had been working for five years in Peru running a disaster agency. His fluent Spanish was without doubt, the key factor in enabling us to get anywhere near our range for it must be said that once away from the main tourist circuit, some Spanish is essential. Andy's Peruvian girl-friend Chepi also spoke Quechua so that in many respects Geoff and I had a very easy time. We found out very quickly that in South America you are not a sahib but a gringo - a big difference.
    [Show full text]
  • Sr–Pb Isotopes Signature of Lascar Volcano (Chile): Insight Into Contamination of Arc Magmas Ascending Through a Thick Continental Crust N
    Sr–Pb isotopes signature of Lascar volcano (Chile): Insight into contamination of arc magmas ascending through a thick continental crust N. Sainlot, I. Vlastélic, F. Nauret, S. Moune, F. Aguilera To cite this version: N. Sainlot, I. Vlastélic, F. Nauret, S. Moune, F. Aguilera. Sr–Pb isotopes signature of Lascar volcano (Chile): Insight into contamination of arc magmas ascending through a thick continental crust. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Elsevier, 2020, 101, pp.102599. 10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102599. hal-03004128 HAL Id: hal-03004128 https://hal.uca.fr/hal-03004128 Submitted on 13 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Copyright Manuscript File Sr-Pb isotopes signature of Lascar volcano (Chile): Insight into contamination of arc magmas ascending through a thick continental crust 1N. Sainlot, 1I. Vlastélic, 1F. Nauret, 1,2 S. Moune, 3,4,5 F. Aguilera 1 Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France 2 Observatoire volcanologique et sismologique de la Guadeloupe, Institut de Physique du Globe, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, CNRS UMR 7154, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France 3 Núcleo de Investigación en Riesgo Volcánico - Ckelar Volcanes, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avenida Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile 4 Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avenida Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile 5 Centro de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada del Riesgo de Desastres (CIGIDEN), Av.
    [Show full text]
  • Tracing a Major Crustal Domain Boundary Based on the Geochemistry of Minor Volcanic Centres in Southern Peru
    7th International Symposium on Andean Geodynamics (ISAG 2008, Nice), Extended Abstracts: 298-301 Tracing a major crustal domain boundary based on the geochemistry of minor volcanic centres in southern Peru Mirian Mamani1, Gerhard Wörner2, & Jean-Claude Thouret3 1 Georg-August University, Goldschmidstr. 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany ([email protected], [email protected]) 2 Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont Ferrand, France ([email protected]) KEYWORDS : minor volcanic centres, crust, tectonic erosion, Central Andes, isotopes Introduction Geochemical studies of Tertiary to Recent magmatism in the Central Volcanic Zone have mainly focused on large stratovolcanoes. This is because mafic minor volcanic centres and related flows that formed during a single eruption are relatively rare and occur in locally clusters (e.g. Andagua/Humbo fields in S. Peru, Delacour et al., 2007; Negrillar field in N. Chile, Deruelle 1982) or in the back arc region (Davidson and de Silva, 1992). These studies showed that the "monogenetic" lavas are high-K calc-alkaline and their major, trace, and rare elements, as well as Sr-, Nd- and Pb- isotopes data display a range comparable to those of the Central Volcanic Zone composite volcanoes (Delacour et al., 2007). It has been argued that the eruptive products of these minor centers bypass the large magma chamber systems below Andean stratovolcanoes and thus may represent magmas that were derived from a deeper level in the crust (Davidson and de Silva, 1992; Ruprecht and Wörner, 2007). This study represents a continuation of our work to understand the regional variation in erupted magma composition in the Central Andes (Mamani et al., 2008; Wörner et al., 1992).
    [Show full text]
  • Volcanes Y Sismicidad En La Region Del Volcan Sabancaya (Arequipa)
    INSTITUTOGEOFISICODELPERU CentroNacionaldeDatosGeofísicos ZVAN VOLCANESYSISMICIDADENLA REGIONDELVOLCANSABANCAYA (AREQUIPA) ZVAC YanetAntayhua HernandoTavera ZVAS MONOGRAFIA Lima-Perú Mayo-2003 Volcanes y Sismicidad en la Región del Volcán Sabancaya INDICE 1. INTRODUCCION 2. LOS VOLCANES 2.1. Partes de un Volcán 2.2. Tipos de Volcanismo 2.3. Distribución de Volcanes en el Mundo 2.4. Clasificación de Volcanes 2.4.1. Forma del Cono Volcánico 2.4.2. Naturaleza de los Materiales que Expulsa 2.4.3. Comportamiento Eruptivo de los Volcanes 2.4.4. Otras Clasificaciones 2.5. Zonas Volcánicas en Sudamérica 2.5.1. Zona Volcánica de los Andes del Norte (ZVAN) 2.5.2. Zona Volcánica de los Andes Centrales (ZVAC) 2.5.3. Zona Volcánica de los Andes del Sur (ZVAS) 3. R EGISTROS DE SEÑALES EN VOLCANES 3.1. Clasificación Propuesta por Minakami (1974) 3.1.1. Señales Tipo-A 3.1.2. Señales Tipo-B 3.1.3. Señales Tipo-C 3.1.4. Señales de Periodo Largo (LP) 3.1.5. Señales de Explosiones 3.1.6. Señales de Tremores 3.2. Otras Clasificaciones 3.2.1. Clasificación de Gil-Cruz y Chouet (1999) 3.2.2. Clasificación de Lahr (1994) 3.2.3. Clasificación de Koyanagi (1987) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Centro Nacional de Datos Geofísico / Instituto Geofísico del Perú Volcanes y Sismicidad en la Región del Volcán Sabancaya 4. LA CADENA VOLCANICA EN EL PERÚ 4.1. Distribución de los Volcanes en la Región Sur de Perú 4.1.1. Volcán Misti 4.1.2. Volcán Ubinas 4.1.3. Volcán Huaynaputina 4.1.4. Volcán Sabancaya 5.
    [Show full text]
  • An Ice-Core Pollen Record Showing Vegetation Response to Late-Glacial and Holocene Climate Changes at Nevado Sajama, Bolivia
    The University of Southern Mississippi The Aquila Digital Community Faculty Publications 2013 An Ice-Core Pollen Record Showing Vegetation Response to Late- Glacial and Holocene Climate Changes at Nevado Sajama, Bolivia C. A. Reese University of Southern Mississippi K. B. Liu L. G. Thompson Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/fac_pubs Part of the Geography Commons Recommended Citation Reese, C., Liu, K., Thompson, L. (2013). An Ice-Core Pollen Record Showing Vegetation Response to Late- Glacial and Holocene Climate Changes at Nevado Sajama, Bolivia. Annals of Glaciology, 54(63), 183-190. Available at: https://aquila.usm.edu/fac_pubs/7807 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Annals of Glaciology 54(63) 2013 doi:10.3189/2013AoG63A375 183 An ice-core pollen record showing vegetation response to Late-glacial and Holocene climate changes at Nevado Sajama, Bolivia C.A. REESE,1 K.B. LIU,2 L.G. THOMPSON3 1Department of Geography and Geology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, School of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA 3School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA ABSTRACT. We present the results of pollen analysis performed on an ice core recovered from Nevado Sajama, Bolivia, dated to 25 ka BP. Low pollen concentrations from 25 to 15 ka BP are consistent with the scenario of an expanded ice cap surrounded by sparse vegetation and cold conditions on the Altiplano during the Last Glacial Maximum.
    [Show full text]
  • State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2013
    Focus on health minority rights group international State of the World’s Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2013 Events of 2012 State of theWorld’s Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 20131 Events of 2012 Front cover: A Dalit woman who works as a Community Public Health Promoter in Nepal. Jane Beesley/Oxfam GB. Inside front cover: Indigenous patient and doctor at Klinik Kalvary, a community health clinic in Papua, Indonesia. Klinik Kalvary. Inside back cover: Roma child at a community centre in Slovakia. Bjoern Steinz/Panos Acknowledgements Support our work Minority Rights Group International (MRG) Donate at www.minorityrights.org/donate gratefully acknowledges the support of all organizations MRG relies on the generous support of institutions and individuals who gave financial and other assistance and individuals to help us secure the rights of to this publication, including CAFOD, the European minorities and indigenous peoples around the Union and the Finnish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. world. All donations received contribute directly to our projects with minorities and indigenous peoples. © Minority Rights Group International, September 2013. All rights reserved. Subscribe to our publications at www.minorityrights.org/publications Material from this publication may be reproduced Another valuable way to support us is to subscribe for teaching or for other non-commercial purposes. to our publications, which offer a compelling No part of it may be reproduced in any form for analysis of minority and indigenous issues and commercial purposes without the prior express original research. We also offer specialist training permission of the copyright holders. materials and guides on international human rights instruments and accessing international bodies.
    [Show full text]
  • Geoparque Valle De Los Volcanes De Andagua”
    UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN AGUSTÍN DE AREQUIPA ESCUELA DE POSGRADO UNIDAD DE POSGRADO DE LA FACULTAD DE GEOLOGÍA, GEOFÍSICA Y MINAS “GEOPARQUE VALLE DE LOS VOLCANES DE ANDAGUA” Tesis presentada por el Bachiller: JUAN ROBERTO PACHARI ROSELLO Para optar el Grado Académico de Maestro en Ciencias de la Tierra, con mención en GEOTECNIA. Asesor: MG. PABLO RUBEN MEZA ARÉSTEGUI AREQUIPA – PERÚ 2020 CONTENIDO PÁGINA DEDICATORIA ...................................................................................................... I AGRADECIMIENTOS .......................................................................................... II RESUMEN ............................................................................................................ III INDICE DE CUADROS, FIGURAS, FOTOS, TABLAS Y GRAFICOS ............. V CAPÍTULO I. INTRODUCCIÓN ......................................................................... 1 PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA ................................................. 1 OBJETIVOS ............................................................................................. 5 1.2.1. General ................................................................................................... 5 1.2.2. Específicos. ............................................................................................ 5 UBICACIÓN ............................................................................................ 6 1.3.1. Área de influencia .................................................................................
    [Show full text]