Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae

ZOOSYSTEMATICA ROSSICA, 19(2): 357–360 30 DECEMBER 2010

A contribution to the knowledge of ichneumon wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Iranian cotton fields and surrounding grasslands Материалы к фауне ихневмонид (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), распространенных на полях хлопчатника и прилегающих пастбищах в Иранe

H. GHAHARI* & R. JUSSILA

Х. ГАХАРИ*, Р. ЮССИЛА

H. Ghahari, Department of Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]. *Corresponding author. R. Jussila, Zoological Museum, Section of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, FI-20014 University of Turku, Finland. E-mail: [email protected]

The fauna of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) from Iranian cotton fields and surrounding grasslands is studied in this paper. In a total of 18 species from 15 genera (Barycnemis, Col- potrochia, Ctenochira, Dichrogaster, Gelis, Iseropus, Itoplectis, Lissonata, Neleges, Pristomerus, Rhyssa, Scambus, Schizopyga, Temelucha, Tromatobia), and 8 subfamilies (Banchinae, Cremas- tinae, Cryptinae, Metopiinae, Pimplinae, Tersilochinae, Tryphoninae, Rhyssinae) were collected from this agro-ecosystem. В работе приведен список ихневмонид (Hymenoptera), зарегистрированных на полях хлопчатника и окружающих пастбищах в Иране. В этой агросистеме авторами было со- брано 18 видов 15 родов (Barycnemis, Colpotrochia, Ctenochira, Dichrogaster, Gelis, Iseropus, Itoplectis, Lissonata, Neleges, Pristomerus, Rhyssa, Scambus, Schizopyga, Temelucha, Tromato- bia) из 8 подсемейств (Banchinae, Cremastinae, Cryptinae, Metopiinae, Pimplinae, Tersi- lochinae, Tryphoninae, Rhyssinae). Key word: parasitoid, fauna, Iran, new record, cotton field, Ichneumonidae Ключевые слова: паразитоиды, фауна, таксономия, Иран, Ichneumonidae

INTRODUCTION Adelognathinae, Agriotypinae, Alomyinae, Anomaloninae, Banchinae, Brachycyrtinae, The Ichneumonidae is one of the most Campopleginae, Collyriinae, Cremastinae, species rich families of all organisms with Cryptinae, Ctenopelmatinae, Diplazonti- an estimated 60,000 species in the world nae, Eucerotinae, Ichneumoninae, Labeni- (Townes, 1969). Ichneumonids utilize a di- nae, Lycorininae, Mesochorinae, Metopii- verse array of insects and arachnids as their nae, Microleptinae, Neorhacodinae, Oph- hosts and play an essential role in the nor- ioninae, Orthopelmatinae, Orthocentrinae, mal functioning of most ecosystems, under- Oxytorinae, Paxylommatinae, Phrudinae, lining the need to inventory their diversity. Phygadeuontinae, Pimplinae, Rhyssinae, Ichneumonids have been used successfully Stilbopinae, Tersilochinae, Tryphoninae as biocontrol agents and given the largely and Xoridinae (Wahl & Sharkey, 1993; Yu undocumented fauna there is a huge po- et al., 2005). tential for their utilization in managed bio- Although the fauna of Iranian Ichneu- control programs (Gupta 1987, 1991). The monidae was studied rather well (Kolarov family Ichneumonidae is currently split & Ghahari, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008) but the into 37 subfamilies including, Acaenitinae, fauna of these powerful parasitoids was not

© 2010 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes 358 H. GHAHARI & R. JUSSILA. ICHNEUMON WASPS OF COTTON FIELDS IN IRAN studied in Iranian cotton fields so far. In this Temelucha discoidalis (Szépligeti, 1899) paper we present the result of a faunistic survey in this region of northeastern Iran. Material. Mazandaran Province: Behshahr (one male), March 2008. MATERIALS AND METHODS Temelucha lucida (Szépligeti, 1899) The materials were collected by sweep Material. Fars Province: Darab (one female), netting from cotton fields and surrounding June 2004. grasslands in different regions of Iran (including, Ardabil, Golestan, Tehran, Sem- nan, Fars, Mazandaran provinces). Through Temelucha tricolorata Sedivy, 1968 the faunistic survey, in addition to the col- Material. Mazandaran Province: Ghaem- lecting of adult Ichneumonidae, some insect shahr (one female), May 2008. collections in Islamic Azad University (especially Ghaemshahr, Shahre Rey and Teh- SUBFAMILY CRYPTINAE ran Branches) were examined. Classifica- tion, nomenclature and distributional data Dichrogaster Doumerc, 1855 of Ichneumonidae suggested by Kasparyan Dichrogaster aestivalis (Gravenhorst, (1981), Yu & Horstmann (1997) and Yu et 1829) al. (2005) have been followed. Material. Khorasan Province: Kashmar (one RESULTS male, one female), October 2003.

The result of this research indicated that Gelis Thunberg, 1827 there is interesting species in Iranian cotton Gelis rufipes (Bridgman, 1883) fields and surrounding grasslands. Totally, eighteen species in fourteen genera and eight Material. Golestan Province: Bandar-Tork- subfamilies were collected in this faunistic man (two males), July 2003. survey. The list of species is given below. SUBFAMILY METOPIINAE SUBFAMILY BANCHINAE Colpotrochia Holmgren, 1855 Lissonota Gravenhorst, 1829 Colpotrochia triclistor (Aubert, 1979) Lissonata mediterranea Seyrig, 1927 Material. Ardabil Province: Moghan (two fe- Material. Mazandaran Province: Galogah males), June 2003. (one male), July 2005. SUBFAMILY PIMPLINAE SUBFAMILY CREMASTINAE Iseropus Förster, 1869 Pristomerus Curtis 1836 Iseropus stercorator (Fabricius, 1793) Pristomerus armatus (Lucas, 1849) Material. Semnan Province: Garmsar (one Material. Mazandaran Province: Behshahr (one female), April 2008. male), September 2002.

Temelucha Förster, 1869 Itoplectis Förster, 1869 Temelucha arenosa Szépligeti, 1899 Itoplectis aterrima Jussila, 1965

Material. Tehran Province: Varamin (one Material. Mazandaran Province: Behshahr male), October 2006. (one male), July 2005.

Scambus Hartig, 1838 unknown fauna of Ichneumonidae in dif- Scambus calobatus (Gravenhorst, 1829) ferent regions of Iran especially in different agro-ecosystem. Base of the results of this Material. Semnan Province: Garmsar (two research, the ichneumonoid parasitoids can females, one male), September 2001 have efficient and powerful role in biological control and IPM programs, if they are Tromatobia Förster, 1869 conserved in agro ecosystems (Godfray Tromatobia oculatoria (Fabricius, 1798) 1994; Austin & Dowton 2001). Pest management in cotton is a prime example of Material. Golestan Province: Gorgan (one over-reliance of chemical control of pests, female), June 2001. leading to unsustainable cotton production (Van den Bosch 1978). Due to many Schizopyga Gravenhorst, 1829 problems associated with sole reliance on Schizopyga podagrica Gravenhorst, 1829 chemical pest control, cotton pest management has evolved in recent decades to an in- Material. Mazandaran Province: Behshahr tegrated approach where biological control, (one female), March 2008. cultural control and crop management play crucial roles (Sterling et al. 1989). SUBFAMILY TERSILOCHINAE Barycnemis Förster, 1869 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Barycnemis alpina (Strobl, 1901) The authors are indebted to J. Šedivý (Re- search Institute for Crop Protection, Czech Re- Material. Golestan Province: Nokandeh (one public), J. Kolarov (University of Plovdiv, Bul- female), July 2003. garia), T. Finlayson (1804–3737 Bartlett Court, Burnaby BC V3J 7E3, Canada) and D.R. Kas- SUBFAMILY TRYPHONINAE paryan (Zoological Institute, Russian Academy Ctenochira Förster, 1855 of Sciences) for identification of some specimens and sending several necessary literature sources. Ctenochira marginata (Holmgren, 1855) The research was supported by the Islamic Azad Material. Mazandaran province: Sari (two University and the Zoological Museum of Turku females), August 2007. University.

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