Social Inclusion Study
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Social Inclusion Study Targeted Rural Initiative for Poverty Termination and Infrastructure (TRIPTI) Orissa Poverty Reduction Mission Government of Orissa Field Report September 2009 Social Inclusion Study for TRIPTI CONTENTS 1. Background ....................................................................................................................... 1 2. Scope of the Study ............................................................................................................ 1 3. Sampling Plan and Coverage ............................................................................................ 2 4. Team Composition ............................................................................................................ 3 5. Methodology for EPVG Identification and Need Assessment ............................................. 3 5.1 EPVG Identification Process and Need Assessment of EPVG......................................... 3 5.1.1 Desk based review and consultation process ............................................................... 3 5.1.2 Selection of Participatory Techniques for EPVG Identification ...................................... 3 5.1.3 EPVG Need Assessment Process ................................................................................ 5 5.1.4 Training on PRA Techniques ........................................................................................ 6 5.2 Field Study and Piloting of Process ................................................................................. 6 5.2.1 Coordination with TRIPTI .............................................................................................. 6 5.2.2 Organization of Field Work ........................................................................................... 6 5.2.3 Piloting of process in Balasore district .......................................................................... 7 5.2.4 Piloting of process in Nayagarh district ......................................................................... 8 6. Field Findings and Results from EPVG Identification Process ........................................... 8 6.1 Results of EPVG Identification Process ........................................................................... 8 6.2 Effectiveness of various EPVG Identification Processes .................................................. 9 6.3 EPVG Typology and their characteristics ....................................................................... 11 6.4 Need Assessment Process and Key Issues................................................................... 12 6.5 Typology of Needs for EPVG Households ..................................................................... 13 7. Methodology for Participatory Identification of Poor ......................................................... 14 7.1 Process for Participatory Identification of Poor (PIP) ..................................................... 14 7.2 Selection of PRA technique for PIP ............................................................................... 14 7.3 Orientation of Study Team and Cluster Coordinators of TRIPTI..................................... 14 7.4 Field Study and Piloting of PIP Process ......................................................................... 15 8. Field Findings and Results from PIP Process .................................................................. 16 8.1 Results of PIP Process .................................................................................................. 16 8.1.1 Results of PIP process - Rench Sasan Gram Panchayat ............................................ 16 8.1.2 Results of PIP Process - Bandhabhuin Gram Panchayat ............................................ 18 8.2 Key well-being Indicators ............................................................................................... 20 8.3 PIP process and key issues ........................................................................................... 21 8.3.1 Effectiveness of PRA exercise for identification of poor .............................................. 21 8.3.2 Possible Strategy for Selective Targeting of Households categorized as Well-off ....... 22 8.3.3 Role of GPLF in PIP Process...................................................................................... 23 Social Inclusion Study for TRIPTI 8.3.4 Communication regarding the PIP Process ................................................................ 23 9. Social inclusion study and emerging technical issues for TRIPTI..................................... 23 Annexure 1: EPVGs in Baunsagadia, GP Baunsagadia, Block Khaira, Balasore ................. 27 Annexure 2: EPVG Identified in Kabar village, GP Kupari, Block Khaira, Balasore .............. 27 Annexure 3: BPL Survey validation in Kabar, GP Kupari, Block Khaira, Balasore ............... 28 Annexure 4: EPVG Identified in Lodhachua, GP Lodhachua, Block Ranpur, Nayagarh ....... 29 Annexure 5: EPVG Identified in Jiripada village, GP Patia, Block Ranpur, Nayagarh .......... 29 Annexure 6: EPVG Profile ................................................................................................... 30 Annexure 7: Summary Data for Rench Sasan GP, Nimapara block, Puri district ................. 35 Annexure 8: Summary Data for Bandhabhuin GP, Pallahara block, Angul district ............... 36 Annexure 9: Common well-being indicators in Rench Sasan GP ......................................... 38 Annexure 10: Common well-being indicators in Bandhabhuin GP ....................................... 39 NEED ASSESSMENT FORMAT & VULNERABILITY MATRIX ........................................... 41 PIP Process Output – Maps ................................................................................................ 44 Illustrative Map on using PIP output for Planning and Monitoring ........................................ 44 Social Inclusion Study for TRIPTI 1. Background The World Bank assisted Targeted Rural Initiative for Poverty Termination and Infrastructure (TRIPTI) being implemented by the Orissa Poverty Reduction Mission (OPRM) aims to enhance social and economic empowerment of rural poor in 38 blocks in 10 districts of Orissa. The programme would strengthen SHGs and promote their federation at the Gram Panchayat level in order to develop self-sustaining community institutions. The project would cover over 1.254 million families in 8,369 villages under 1,020 gram Panchayats in these project blocks. One of the major strategies of the project is to ensure social inclusion of poor in the project that would enable poor and marginalized to have equal opportunities to participate in community based institutions and to provide need based support to such groups in enhancing their productive potential. The project would adopt a two-fold approach in ensuring inclusion of these groups. Firstly, the project would identify the left out poor in the village and would organize them in existing or new SHGs. Second, the project recognizes that there are extremely poor and vulnerable groups (EPVG) in community that typically suffer from severe economic and social impediments and such groups needs to be identified and supported through specific need based interventions to enable them to participate in community / village level institutions. The pro-poor inclusion fund (PPIF), a sub-component of community investment fund under the project is earmarked for investments that would enhance the productive capacities of such EPVG households / groups, including providing need based bridging finance for inclusion of identified EPVG households into existing SHGs. A part of this fund would be managed by the Gram Panchayat level federation (GPLF) to undertake various activities that would enhance productive potential of EPVG households. 2. Scope of the Study The objective of the social inclusion study was to pilot the identification of EPVGs in select Gram Panchayat and their need assessment to evolve and develop operational processes that would be adopted in TRIPTI to ensure social inclusion of EPVGs. The following specific objectives of the social inclusion study were finalized with the TRIPTI team during the inception phase. 1. Pilot several processes that can be used to identify extremely poor and vulnerable groups in village / Panchayat and assess the effectiveness of these processes 2. Pilot need assessment process for EPVG to develop a robust yet a simple mechanism for need assessment 3. Identify broad typology of activities that can potentially and feasibly be supported through pro-poor social inclusion fund, which can enhance productive capacities, social and economic provision / welfare of EPVG households 4. Develop a process manual that can provide guidance to CRPs, CCs, GPLF members and block teams in identification and need assessment of EPVG based on the pilot experience 5. Identify training needs of project teams for conducting the PIP process and produce a training guidelines that can be used in capacity development of the project team Revision in Scope of Work The objectives of the social inclusion study was revised during the visit of Bank mission and it was agreed that a more comprehensive Participatory Identification of Poor (PIP) process was to be piloted in two GPs (from the remaining 4 GPs for field research) to help recommend the process to be adopted for PIP that can be used effectively for targeting left out poor in the project area. 1 Social Inclusion Study for TRIPTI 3. Sampling Plan and Coverage