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Timeline from Abraham to Modern Day Israel God's Dealings with Israel

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Timeline from Abraham to Modern Day Israel God's Dealings with Israel Timeline from Abraham to modern day Israel God’s dealings with Israel started with the unconditional promises that He made to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. The Bible details events that would happen in the history of Israel. Many of these prophecies have been fulfilled, and others are being fulfilled in our day. 2000 BC Covenant with Abraham - God made unconditional promises to Abraham. [Genesis 12:2-3,7]. - The promises included the giving of the land of Canaan to the offspring of Abraham [Genesis 13:15, Genesis 17:8]. - later restricted to the offspring of Isaac [Genesis 26:3]. - and subsequently restricted to the offspring of Jacob [Genesis 28:13, Genesis 35:12]. - who God renamed Israel. [Genesis 35:10]. 1940 BC Abraham sent by God to sacrifice Isaac at Mount Moriah [Genesis 22:1-2]. - This was the place where King David would acquire the land for the building of the First Temple. 1460 BC The Exodus from Egypt. The Law was given to the Israelites through Moses at Mount Sinai. The Law was added to the promises because of the transgressions of the Israelites. [Galatians 3:19]. God warned Israel that if they did not obey the Law fully then He would scatter them out of the land. 1040 BC King David conquered Jerusalem. Jerusalem is also called Zion. [2 Samuel 5:4-7]. 1010 BC King David bought the Temple site; King David purchased the site of the future Temple in Jerusalem from Araunah the Jebusite for 50 shekels of silver. [2 Samuel 24:18-25; 1 Chronicles 21:18; 1 Chronicles 22:1; 2 Chronicles 3:1; Genesis 22:2]. 1000 BC End of King David’s reign. The start of King Solomon’s reign [1 Kings 2:10-12]. 997-990 BC Building of First Temple; King Solomon built the Temple on the site that his father David had acquired. [2 Chronicles 3:1-2]. 960 BC End of King Solomon’s reign [1 Kings 11:42-43]. Under King Solomon Israel occupied almost all the land that God promised to the offspring of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. Divided kingdom. Ten tribes of Israel established a separate kingdom in the north. Judah and Benjamin had a kingdom in the south with Jerusalem as its capital. Timeline from Abraham to modern day Israel.docx 727 BC The Assyrians conquered Naphtali and the Israelite tribes east of the Jordan River [2 Kings 15:29; 1 Chronicles 5:26]. The start of the first exile. The scattering of the Jewish people began. 722 BC The Assyrians conquered the northern kingdom of Israel [2 Kings 17:3-7,13-15]. The survivors of the ten tribes of Israel were taken into exile. 680 BC The Assyrians attacked Judah [Isaiah 36:1]. Cities were destroyed, but not Jerusalem. 608 BC Egyptians took King Jehoahaz captive; King Jehoahaz taken captive to Egypt. [2 Kings 23:31- 34]. 590 BC The promise of a new covenant was made through the prophet Jeremiah [Jeremiah 31:31-34]. 586 BC Nebuchadnezzar conquered Judah; The First Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed and the Jews were taken into exile in Babylon. [Jeremiah 52:27-30]. (See also 2 Kings, chapters 24 & 25) 539 BC Cyrus the Persian conquered Babylon; King Cyrus made a proclamation to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem. [Ezra 1:1-4]. Only a few tens of thousands of Jews returned to Israel from the exile in Babylon. Most remained scattered out of the land. 520-515 BC Zerubbabel built the Second Temple in Jerusalem The Second Temple (see Ezra 1 to 6) was a shadow of its former glory but, hundreds of years later, King Herod would spend 46 years turning it into a magnificent building. 500 BC Canonization of the Torah; The Torah – Law of Moses – the first of the three major divisions of the Hebrew Bible – was accepted by the rabbis as authoritative. 450 BC Nehemiah rebuilt the wall around Jerusalem; See the book of Nehemiah. Israel was slowly recovering from its desolation and the first scattering. The re-gathering was partial and the Jews did not return from all the quarters of the world. 400-350 BC Canonization of the Nevi'im; The Nevi'im – the Prophets – the second of the three major divisions of the Hebrew Bible – were added to the canon. Timeline from Abraham to modern day Israel.docx 350-250 BC Canonization of the Ketuvim; The Ketuvim – the Holy Writings – the third of the three major divisions of the Hebrew Bible – were added to the canon. By the time of Jesus the full canon of Hebrew Scripture – known as the Tanakh, an acronym of the Hebrew for the Law, the Prophets and the Holy Writings – had been accepted by the Jews for hundreds of years. 333 BC Alexander the Great conquered Persia; Alexander brought Greek culture and thinking, and the Greek language, to Israel and the Middle East of the time. 250-100 BC Septuagint; The Hebrew Bible was translated into Greek. 168-165 BC Revolt of the Maccabees; The Seleucid Empire had succeeded Alexander. Under the rule of Antiochus the Temple had been defiled. The Jews, led by the Maccabees, captured Jerusalem and rededicated the Temple. Jews celebrate the event with the non-biblical Feast of Dedication, also called Hanukkah. 150 BC The Essene sect of the Jews established a monastery at Qumran on the edge of the Dead Sea; Observant Jews were trying to live out the Law isolated from Greek influences and the corruption of the priesthood in Jerusalem. 63 BC The Romans occupied Israel; Rome became the dominant power in the world and established peace through ruthless suppression of all dissent. 37-4 BC Herod the Great; Herod, and his successors, owed allegiance to Rome. Herod the Great was famous for his many building projects. The Second Temple renovations were started in 18 BC and would take 46 years, being completed after his death. The disciples of Jesus would, like everyone else, be impressed with the huge stonework but Jesus would be dismissive [Matthew 24:1-2, Mark 13:1-2]. 6 BC Jesus was born in Bethlehem 30 AD The death and resurrection of Jesus; Giving of the new covenant [Luke 22:17-20]. Start of the church, for many years comprising entirely Jewish believers in Jesus the Messiah. Timeline from Abraham to modern day Israel.docx 40-90 AD The New Testament was written by Jewish believers in Jesus; Gentiles started to come to faith in Jesus in great numbers, largely, but not exclusively, through the missionary efforts of the apostle Paul. 60 AD Deaths of the apostles Paul and Peter 66-73 AD First Jewish Revolt against Roman rule; 70The Romans under Titus captured Jerusalem; The Romans destroyed the Second Temple. The Essenes fled the monastery at Qumran after hiding their library in caves around the Dead Sea. Rabbi Yochanan ben Zakkai established a model of Judaism that did not depend on the Temple building or sacrifices for atonement. In the absence of the Temple altar, this fell far short of the Torah requirements. Rabbinic Judaism, as practiced today, with its hoped-for salvation by works and good deeds, can be dated from ben Zakkai’s academy in Yavneh during this period. 90 AD Death of the apostle John 132-135 AD Second Jewish Revolt under Bar Kochba; The Romans put down the revolt with great ferocity. Hundreds of Jewish communities in Israel were destroyed. The Jews were scattered from the Promised Land for the second time. 135 AD The Romans conquered Israel; The Temple Mount was ploughed with salt and Jews were banished from Jerusalem on pain of death. Jerusalem was renamed Aelia Capitolina and the land was renamed Syria Palestina (or Palestine, as it was known until 1948). This was done in a deliberate attempt to humiliate Israel by favoring their ancient enemies, the Philistines. The Arabic word for Philistine is Falastin, from which comes the English word for the Palestinians. 303-311 AD Persecution of the church by Rome; Multitudes of Christians became martyrs for their faith. 312 AD Emperor Constantine of Rome converted to Christianity; The Edict of Milan decreed toleration of Christianity in the Roman Empire. 325 AD Church Council of Nicaea; There was a call for “seclusion and humiliation” of the Jews. By this time the vast majority of Christians were non-Jews. After the start of an all-Jewish church of believers in Jesus, Christianity had become a Gentile enterprise. Timeline from Abraham to modern day Israel.docx 330 AD Christianity made a “state religion”; Constantine declared Christianity to be the official state religion of the Roman Empire 370 AD The New Testament canon was settled 406-455 AD Barbarians invaded the Roman Empire. This signaled the start of the Dark Ages. 476 AD Last Roman emperor abdicated 622 AD Moslem religion of Islam established. Islam was established by Mohammed in Mecca. 632 AD Death of Mohammed 638 AD Caliph Omar conquered Jerusalem. Under Moslem rule Jews were permitted to return to the city. 691 AD Construction of the Dome of the Rock. Moslem presence established on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. 694 AD Jewish religion outlawed in Spain 1050 AD Resurgence of wealth and civilization in Europe 1054 AD Schism arose between Catholics of Rome and Orthodox Christians of Constantinople. 1095-1099 AD The first Crusade. Jews were massacred across Europe as the Crusader armies marched toward the Holy Land. 1099 AD Jerusalem captured by Crusaders. The Jewish and Moslem inhabitants were slaughtered. Timeline from Abraham to modern day Israel.docx 1140-1300 AD Period of building by the church.
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