1. PaDIL Species Factsheet

Scientific Name: biguttula biguttula (Ishida) (: Cicadellidae: : )

Common Name Indian cotton Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/pests-and-diseases/Pest/Main/136072

Image Library Australian Biosecurity Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/pests-and-diseases/

Partners for Australian Biosecurity image library

Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment https://www.awe.gov.au/ Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia https://dpird.wa.gov.au/ Plant Health Australia https://www.planthealthaustralia.com.au/ Museums Victoria https://museumsvictoria.com.au/ 2. Species Information

2.1. Details Specimen Contact: NAQS/AQIS Darwin and Mareeba - Author: Bellis, G. & M. Fletcher Citation: Bellis, G. & M. Fletcher (2005) Indian cotton leafhopper( biguttula)Updated on 7/28/2021 Available online: PaDIL - http://www.padil.gov.au Image Use: Free for use under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY- NC 4.0)

2.2. URL Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/pests-and-diseases/Pest/Main/136072

2.3. Facets Status: Exotic species - absent from Australia Group: Bugs Commodity Overview: Field Crops and Pastures Commodity Type: Fresh Vegetables, Cotton & other fibres Distribution: Europe and Northern Asia, Africa, South and South-East Asia, Australasian - Oceanian

2.4. Other Names Amrasca devastans (Distant) biguttula Ishida Chlorita biguttula Shiraki Chlorita bimaculata Matsumura Cotton Leafhopper Eggplant Leafhopper devastans Distant Green Jassid Indian cotton jassid Okra Leafhopper Sundapteryx biguttula biguttula (Ishida)

2.5. Diagnostic Notes

There is considerable confusion over the systematics of this species and close relatives.There are several species of Amrasca in Australia which can be confused with the exotic A. biguttula. They are all small (2- 3mm), colours range from nearly white through yellowto green and they usually have a small brown spot in the cubital area of the forewing; the latter character distinguishes Amrasca from other Australian Empoascini.

The 2 spots on the vertex of the head shown on the A. biguttula dorsal image do not occur on every specimen; in fact the majority of Indonesian/PNG specimens do not have those spots.

The specimens illustrated belong to A. biguttula, butdiagnosis of this species cannot be done by anyone except a cicadellid expert.

Several other Australian species are figured.

The named Australian species Amrasca terrareginae (Paoli)canbe separated from A. biguttula only by male genitalia characteristics.

Two other Australian species collected on host plants Trema tomentosaand Hibiscus tiliaceus are also shown. These species are externally indistinguishable from A. biguttula and canbe separated from A. biguttula only by male genitalia characteristics.

Specimens and comments source:

2.6. References Ahmed, M., Samad, K. & Naheed, R. 1981. Emposcan infesting fruit and vegetable plants in Pakistan (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Entomologica Scandinavica 12: 1-21 Backus, E.A., Serrano, M.S. & Ranger, C.M. 2005. Mechanisms of hopperburn: an overview of taxonomy, behavior and physiology. Annual Review of Entomology 50: 125-151. Dworakowska, I. (1970). On some genera of and Empoascini (Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Bulletin de Académie Polonaise des Sciences. Série des Sciences Biologiques 18(11), 707-716. Ghauri MSK 1963. Distinctive features and geographical distribution of two closely similar pests of cotton (Empoasca devastans Dist. and E. terraereginae Paoli) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 53: 653-656 Ghauri MSK. 1983. Scientific name of the Indian cotton jassid. In Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Biotaxonomy, Classification and Biology of Leafhoppers and Planthoppers (Auchenorrhyncha) of Economic Importance, London, 4-7 October 1982, ed. WI Knight, NC Pant, TS Robertson, MR Wilson, pp. 97-103. London: Commonwealth Institute of Entomology

2.7. Web Links ASCU Information Sheet: http://www.agric.nsw.gov.au/Hort/ascu/leafhop/indo/empoasci.htm Fact sheet on A. biguttula: http://www2.ctahr.hawaii.edu/adap2/information/pubs/2000-11.pdf Fact sheet on A. devastans: http://www.agrar.hu- berlin.de/gartenbau/ugb/vegetable/pest_species/amrascadevastans.pdf Synonymy List: http://www.agric.nsw.gov.au/Hort/ascu/leafhop/indo/empoasci.htm 3. Diagnostic Images

East Timor, Hera, 3 August 2001, G. Bellis & East Timor, Hera, 3 August 2001, G. Bellis & A. Profke (ID by Glen Bellis) A. Profke (ID by Glen Bellis) Dorsal View: Simon Hinkley Museums Fore & Hind Wing: Simon Hinkley & Ken Victoria Walker Museums Victoria

Kiunga, Western Province, PNG, 8.ix.2003, Kiunga, Western Province, PNG, 8.ix.2003, J. Grimshaw ex Aibika (Abelmoschus J. Grimshaw ex Aibika (Abelmoschus manihot) Det. G. Bellis 2004 manihot) Det. G. Bellis 2004 Forewing Closeup: Amy Carmichael Head Dorsal View: Amy Carmichael Queensland University of Technology Queensland University of Technology

East Timor, Hera, 3 August 2001, G. Bellis & East Timor, Hera, 3 August 2001, G. Bellis & A. Profke (ID by Glen Bellis) A. Profke (ID by Glen Bellis) Head front: Simon Hinkley & Ken Walker Head side: Simon Hinkley & Ken Walker Museums Victoria Museums Victoria East Timor, Hera, 3 August 2001, G. Bellis & East Timor, Hera, 3 August 2001, G. Bellis & A. Profke (ID by Glen Bellis) A. Profke (ID by Glen Bellis) Lateral view: Simon Hinkley & Ken Walker Lateral view: Simon Hinkley & Ken Walker Museums Victoria Museums Victoria

East Timor, Hera, 3 August 2001, G. Bellis & East Timor, Hera, 3 August 2001, G. Bellis & A. Profke (ID by Glen Bellis) A. Profke (ID by Glen Bellis) Thorax side: Simon Hinkley & Ken Walker Ventral view: Simon Hinkley & Ken Walker Museums Victoria Museums Victoria 4. Other Images

Australia: NT. Dinah Beach, Darwin, 2 Australia: NT. A. Mitchell's House, 16 July March 2001, G. Bellis 2001, G. Bellis Australian species A. nr biguttula ex Australian species A. nr biguttula ex Trema Hibiscus tiliaceus: Simon Hinkley & Ken tomentosa: Simon Hinkley & Ken Walker Walker Museums Victoria Museums Victoria

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