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Rubiaceae) in Africa and Madagascar
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Springer - Publisher Connector Plant Syst Evol (2010) 285:51–64 DOI 10.1007/s00606-009-0255-8 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Adaptive radiation in Coffea subgenus Coffea L. (Rubiaceae) in Africa and Madagascar Franc¸ois Anthony • Leandro E. C. Diniz • Marie-Christine Combes • Philippe Lashermes Received: 31 July 2009 / Accepted: 28 December 2009 / Published online: 5 March 2010 Ó The Author(s) 2010. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Phylogeographic analysis of the Coffea subge- biogeographic differentiation of coffee species, but they nus Coffea was performed using data on plastid DNA were not congruent with morphological and biochemical sequences and interpreted in relation to biogeographic data classifications, or with the capacity to grow in specific on African rain forest flora. Parsimony and Bayesian analyses environments. Examples of convergent evolution in the of trnL-F, trnT-L and atpB-rbcL intergenic spacers from 24 main clades are given using characters of leaf size, caffeine African species revealed two main clades in the Coffea content and reproductive mode. subgenus Coffea whose distribution overlaps in west equa- torial Africa. Comparison of trnL-F sequences obtained Keywords Africa Á Biogeography Á Coffea Á Evolution Á from GenBank for 45 Coffea species from Cameroon, Phylogeny Á Plastid sequences Á Rubiaceae Madagascar, Grande Comore and the Mascarenes revealed low divergence between African and Madagascan species, suggesting a rapid and radial mode of speciation. A chro- Introduction nological history of the dispersal of the Coffea subgenus Coffea from its centre of origin in Lower Guinea is pro- Coffeeae tribe belongs to the Ixoroideae monophyletic posed. -
Sempervirens February 2021
i SempervirensFebruary 2021 The Quarterly of the Virginia Native Plant Society Tyler Urgo, left, stands on a spit of land jutting into a large sinkhole pond at the Lyndhurst Ponds Natural Area Preserve in eastern Augusta County. A Shortleaf Pine (Pinus echinata) stands tall in a stretch of forest near a sinkhole pond. (Photos by Nancy Sorrells) Rare Sinkhole Ponds Protected in Lyndhurst A t first glance, a sinkhole pond rare natural communities. The 350-acre four days after Dominion pulled the plug might not appear that impressive Lyndhurst Ponds site was acquired from on the ACP, meaning that the property to a passerby. After all, it is just another Waynesboro Nurseries and the Quillen went from “endangered” to “protected” in swampy spot in the woods, right? Well family with funds from the DuPont just a few days. think again. These naturally occurring Natural Resource Damage Assessment In December, I had the opportunity wetlands, called Shenandoah Valley and Restoration settlement. to tour these ponds with members of the Sinkhole Ponds, contain some of the rarest “By protecting and restoring this rare Quillen family and Tyler Urgo, who is the habitats in the world, found only at the species habitat, we further our mission Shenandoah Valley Region Steward for western foot of the Blue Ridge Mountains to protect Virginia’s biodiversity and 13 Virginia Division of Natural Heritage in Rockbridge, Augusta, Rockingham, and address the ongoing global extinction properties in the Shenandoah Valley. Page counties. crisis,” noted Virginia Secretary of Natural Urgo is a 2004 Fort Defiance High The unique geology of this Resources Matt Strickler. -
Pollen Morphology of the Tribes Naucleeae and Hymenodictyeae (Rubiaceae – Cinchonoideae) and Its Phylogenetic Significance
Blackwell Publishing LtdOxford, UKBOJBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society0024-40742007 The Linnean Society of London? 2007 1533 329341 Original Article POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF NAUCLEEAE AND HYMENODICTYEAEJ. VERELLEN ET AL . Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 153, 329–341. With 24 figures Pollen morphology of the tribes Naucleeae and Hymenodictyeae (Rubiaceae – Cinchonoideae) and its phylogenetic significance JEF VERELLEN1, STEVEN DESSEIN1,3, SYLVAIN G. RAZAFIMANDIMBISON2, Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/botlinnean/article/153/3/329/2420406 by guest on 24 September 2021 ERIK SMETS FLS1,4 and SUZY HUYSMANS1* 1Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, K.U.Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium 2National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Domein van Bouchout, BE-1860 Meise, Belgium 3The Bergius Foundation at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 50017, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden 4National Herbarium of the Netherlands, Leiden University Branch, P.O. Box 9514, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands Received March 2006; accepted for publication September 2006 The tribe Naucleeae has recently been recircumscribed on the basis of both morphological and molecular [rbcL, trnT- F, internal transcribed spacer (ITS)] evidence, and has been found to be the sister group of the tribe Hymenodictyeae Razafim. & B. Bremer. In order to find pollen morphological support for this new classification, the pollen and orb- icules of 65 species, representing 23 Naucleeae and the two Hymenodictyeae genera, were investigated by scanning electron and light microscopy. Naucleeae pollen is very small (< 20 µm) to small (20–30 µm) and its shape in equatorial view is suboblate to spheroidal or, more rarely, subprolate. -
Wood Functional Anatomy of Chiococca Alba Hitch
Acta Biológica Catarinense 2017 Jan-Jun;4(1):52-61 Wood functional anatomy of Chiococca alba Hitch. (Rubiaceae) from cerrado Anatomia funcional da madeira de Chiococca alba Hitch. (Rubiaceae) de cerrado João Carlos Ferreira de MELO JÚNIOR1, 2, Maick William AMORIM¹, Gustavo Borda de OLIVEIRA¹ & Celso Voos VIEIRA¹ ABSTRACT Recebido em: 22 mar. 2017 The wood anatomy is able to evidence systematic and ecological aspects associated with Aceito em: 12 jun. 2017 the evolution and functionality of the secondary xylem. The present study was carried out using wood of Chiococca alba (Rubiaceae) from cerrado (savannah), to describe its anatomy and to verify if the hydraulic architecture of this species corroborates the theory that postulates the functional tendency that optimizes the transport efficiency associated with safety. The anatomical analysis followed the conventional protocols of wood anatomy. Different indexes of wood hydraulics quantification were calculated, such as solitary vessels index, vessel grouping, conductivity, vessel collapse, theoretical resistance to vessel implosion and mesomorphism. The structural characteristics described for C. alba are in agreement with the general anatomical descriptions for the Rubiaceae family that relate the presence of exclusively solitary vessels and small diameter, simple perforation plates, alternate intervessel pits, apotracheal parenchyma in species with non-septate fibers and narrow and heterogeneous rays. The calculated indexes showed that C. alba is a xerophyte species with great resistance to the collapse of the vessels during the transport of water, little vulnerability to embolism and relative efficiency in the transport when compared to other species of its subfamily (Cinchonoideae) in function of the typical low water availability of the savannah soil. -
Phylogeny of the Tribe Cinchoneae (Rubiaceae), Its Position in Cinchonoideae, and Description of a New Genus, Ciliosemina
54 (1) • February 2005: 17–28 Andersson & Antonelli • Phylogeny of Cinchoneae MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS Phylogeny of the tribe Cinchoneae (Rubiaceae), its position in Cinchonoideae, and description of a new genus, Ciliosemina Lennart Andersson* & Alexandre Antonelli Botanical Institute, Göteborg University, P. O. Box 461, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden. alexandre.antonelli@ botany.gu.se (author for correspondence) Relationships of and within the Rubiaceae tribe Cinchoneae were estimated based on DNA sequence variation in five loci: the ITS region, the matK and rbcL genes, the rps16 intron, and the trnL-F region including the trnL intron and the trnL-F intergenic spacer. Within Cinchonoideae s.s., the tribe Naucleeae is the sister group of a clade that comprises all other taxa. Cinchoneae and Isertieae s.s., are strongly supported as sister groups. The tribe Cinchoneae is strongly supported as monophyletic in a restricted sense, including the genera Cinchona, Cinchonopsis, Joosia, Ladenbergia, Remijia and Stilpnophyllum. There is strong support that these genera are monophyletic as presently conceived, except that one species mostly referred to Remijia is of uncer- tain phylogenetic affinity. To accommodate this species and a morphologically closely similar one, a new genus, Ciliosemina A. Antonelli, is proposed and two new combinations are made. KEYWORDS: Cinchona, Cinchoneae, Cinchonopsis, Joosia, Ladenbergia, Remijia, Stilpnophyllum, Rubiaceae; ITS, matK, rbcL, rps16 intron, trnL-F. oideae. Bremekamp (e.g., 1966) revised Schumann’s INTRODUCTION classification and redefined Cinchonoideae to comprise Traditionally (e.g., Candolle, 1830; Schumann, only genera without raphides, with imbricate or valvate 1891, 1897; Robbrecht, 1988), the tribe Cinchoneae has corolla aestivation and testa cells with coarsely pitted been circumscribed to include about 50 genera with basal walls. -
A Taxonomic Treatment of the Gentianaceae in Virginia
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1979 A taxonomic treatment of the Gentianaceae in Virginia Georgia A. Hammond-Soltis College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Systems Biology Commons Recommended Citation Hammond-Soltis, Georgia A., "A taxonomic treatment of the Gentianaceae in Virginia" (1979). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539625057. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-ry01-2w40 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Thou waitest late, and com7st alone When woods are bare and birds have flown, And frosts and shortening days portend The aged year is near his end. Then doth thy sweet and quiet eye Tjook through its fringes to the sky Blue - blue - as if that sky let fall A flower from its cerulean wall. * Bryant , from Wiidflowers of the Alleghanies APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts iL a, d. m / Y m M i - M i iA Author Approved September, 1979 istav W. Hall, Stewart A. Ware, Ph. D. r~V>Dtnn% Pi. 2. Lf&te Donna M. E. Ware, Ph. D. Mitchell A. Byrd , ‘Ph. D. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS................................................ v LIST OF TABLES................................................. vi LIST OF FIGURES................................................. -
Redalyc.Estudo Fitoquímico Das Raízes E Flores De Augusta Longifólia
Ensaios e Ciência: Ciências Biológicas, Agrárias e da Saúde ISSN: 1415-6938 [email protected] Universidade Anhanguera Brasil Rocha Silva, Joel; Choze, Rafael Estudo fitoquímico das raízes e flores de augusta longifólia Ensaios e Ciência: Ciências Biológicas, Agrárias e da Saúde, vol. 17, núm. 6, 2013, pp. 89-96 Universidade Anhanguera Campo Grande, Brasil Disponível em: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=26032927008 Como citar este artigo Número completo Sistema de Informação Científica Mais artigos Rede de Revistas Científicas da América Latina, Caribe , Espanha e Portugal Home da revista no Redalyc Projeto acadêmico sem fins lucrativos desenvolvido no âmbito da iniciativa Acesso Aberto ENsaIOS E CIÊNCIA: CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS, AGRÁRIAS E DA SAÚDE ESTUDO FITOQUÍMICO DAS RAÍZES E FLORES DE AUGUSTA LONGIFÓLIA Joel Rocha Silva – Faculdade Anhanguera de Anápolis Rafael Choze - Faculdade Anhanguera de Anápolis RESUMO: A família Rubiaceae abrange cerca de 13000 espécies distribuídas em Palavras-chave: 650 gêneros, que ocorrem principalmente em regiões tropicais e Augusta longifolia, fitoquímica, Rubiaceae. subtropicais, atingindo, porém as regiões temperadas e frias da Europa. Augusta longifolia (Spreng). Rehder (Rubiaceae) é uma espécie endêmica do Brasil, sendo encontrada entre rochas ao longo de riachos Keywords: ou pequenos rios usualmente com correntezas fortes, em regiões de Augusta longifolia, Phytochemistry, cerrado e mata Atlântica. Foram estudadas as raízes e flores resultando Rubiaceae. no isolamento de dois esteróides comuns em espécies vegetais, uma cumarina e quatro flavonoides (quercetina, naringenina, kampferol e miricetina). Além da contribuição fitoquímica, o estudo reforçou a posição sistemática da espécie no gênero Augusta. ABSTRACT: The family Rubiaceae covers about 13,000 species distributed in 650 genera, occurring mainly in tropical and subtropical, reaching, But the temperate and cold regions of Europe. -
Species Status Assessment Report for the Mountain Doll’S Daisy (Boltonia Montana)
Species Status Assessment Report for the Mountain Doll’s Daisy (Boltonia montana) (© DCR-DNH, Gary P. Fleming) February 2020 Version 1.0 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service North Atlantic-Appalachian Region Hadley, MA Primary Contributors • Keith Hastie – North Atlantic-Appalachian Region, Hadley, Massachusetts; Lead Biologist • Ron Popowski – North Atlantic-Appalachian Region, New Jersey Field Office; Assist Biologist • Heidi Crowell – California-Great Basin Region, Sacramento Regional Office; Species Assessment Team Project Manager Contributors & Agency Reviewers (underlined) We greatly appreciate the assistance of our conservation partners, who provided helpful information and review of the draft report: • Tom Brumbelow – U.S. Forest Service, George Washington and Jefferson National Forests • Mike Donahue – U.S. Forest Service, George Washington and Jefferson National Forests • Gary Fleming – Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage • Rachel Goad – Western Pennsylvania Conservancy, Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program • Troy Morris – U.S. Forest Service, George Washington and Jefferson National Forests • John Townsend – Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage • Kathleen Walz – New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Natural Heritage Program Peer Reviewers We also thank the following experts for reviewing the draft report and providing helpful comments: • Walter Bien, Ph.D. – Drexel University, Academy of Natural Sciences • Gerry Moore, Ph.D. – U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service • Nancy Van Alstine – Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage (Retired) SUGGESTED CITATION: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service). February 2020. Species Status Assessment Report for the Mountain Doll’s Daisy (Boltonia montana), Version 1.0. Department of the Interior Region: North Atlantic-Appalachian. -
Palynological Characters and Their Systematic Significance in Naucleeae (Cinchonoideae, Rubiaceae)
Palynological characters and their systematic significance in Naucleeae (Cinchonoideae, Rubiaceae) By: YanFeng Kuanga,b,d, Bruce K. Kirchoff c, YuanJiang Tang a,b, YuanHui Liang a, and JingPing Liao a,b,* Kuang, Yan-Feng, and B. K. Kirchoff, Yuan-Jiang Tang, Yuan-Hui Liang, and Jing-Ping Liao. 2008. Palynological characters and their systematic significance in Naucleeae (Cinchonoideae, Rubiaceae). Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 151: 123-135 Made available courtesy of ELSEVIER: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/503359/description#description ***Note: Figures may be missing from this format of the document Abstract: Phylogenetic studies have improved Naucleeae classification, but the relationships among the subtribes remain largely unresolved. This can be explained by the inadequate number of synapomorphies shared among these lineages. Of the 49 morphological characters used in phylogenetic analyses, none were from pollen. It has been proposed that H-shaped endoapertures form a synapomorphy of the Naucleeae. Further study of Naucleeae pollen is needed to test this hypothesis as the endoapertures of many Naucleeae genera are unknown. Pollen morphology of 24 species was examined using scanning electron and light microscopy. Naucleeae pollen is very small to small, with a spheroidal to subprolate shape in equatorial view. Three compound apertures are present, each comprised of a long ectocolpus, a lolongate to (sub)circular mesoporus, and an often H-shaped endoaperture. The sexine ornamentation is microreticulate to striate, rugulate, or perforate. Pollen wall ultrastructure of five species was studied with transmission electron microscopy. The exine is composed of a perforated tectum, short columellae, and a thick nexine. The nexine is often differentiated into a foot layer and an endexine, and thickened into costae towards the aperture. -
A SURVEY of the SYSTEMATIC WOOD ANATOMY of the RUBIACEAE by Steven Jansen1, Elmar Robbrecht2, Hans Beeckman3 & Erik Smets1
IAWA Journal, Vol. 23 (1), 2002: 1–67 A SURVEY OF THE SYSTEMATIC WOOD ANATOMY OF THE RUBIACEAE by Steven Jansen1, Elmar Robbrecht2, Hans Beeckman3 & Erik Smets1 SUMMARY Recent insight in the phylogeny of the Rubiaceae, mainly based on macromolecular data, agrees better with wood anatomical diversity patterns than previous subdivisions of the family. The two main types of secondary xylem that occur in Rubiaceae show general consistency in their distribution within clades. Wood anatomical characters, espe- cially the fibre type and axial parenchyma distribution, have indeed good taxonomic value in the family. Nevertheless, the application of wood anatomical data in Rubiaceae is more useful in confirming or negating already proposed relationships rather than postulating new affinities for problematic taxa. The wood characterised by fibre-tracheids (type I) is most common, while type II with septate libriform fibres is restricted to some tribes in all three subfamilies. Mineral inclusions in wood also provide valuable information with respect to systematic re- lationships. Key words: Rubiaceae, systematic wood anatomy, classification, phylo- geny, mineral inclusions INTRODUCTION The systematic wood anatomy of the Rubiaceae has recently been investigated by us and has already resulted in contributions on several subgroups of the family (Jansen et al. 1996, 1997a, b, 1999, 2001; Lens et al. 2000). The present contribution aims to extend the wood anatomical observations to the entire family, surveying the second- ary xylem of all woody tribes on the basis of literature data and original observations. Although Koek-Noorman contributed a series of wood anatomical studies to the Rubiaceae in the 1970ʼs, there are two principal reasons to present a new and com- prehensive overview on the wood anatomical variation. -
Phylogenetic Position of Guihaiothamnus (Rubiaceae): Its Evolutionary and Ecological Implications ⇑ Peiwu Xie A,B,1, Tieyao Tu A,1, Sylvain G
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 78 (2014) 375–385 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Phylogenetic position of Guihaiothamnus (Rubiaceae): Its evolutionary and ecological implications ⇑ Peiwu Xie a,b,1, Tieyao Tu a,1, Sylvain G. Razafimandimbison c, Chengjie Zhu a, Dianxiang Zhang a, a Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China b Dongguan Institute of Agricultural Science, Dongguan, China c Bergius Foundation, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and Botany Department, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden article info abstract Article history: Guihaiothamnus (Rubiaceae) is an enigmatic, monotypic genus endemic to southwestern China. Its gen- Received 21 December 2013 eric status has never been doubted because it is morphologically unique by having rosette habit, showy, Revised 16 April 2014 long-corolla-tubed flowers, and multi-seeded indehiscent berry-like fruits. The genus has been postu- Accepted 16 May 2014 lated to be a relict in the broad-leaved forests of China, and to be related to the genus Wendlandia, which Available online 12 June 2014 was placed in the subfamily Cinchonoideae and recently classified in the tribe Augusteae of the subfamily Dialypetalanthoideae. Using combined evidence from palynology, cytology, and DNA sequences of Keywords: nuclear ITS and four plastid markers (rps16, trnT-F, ndhF, rbcL), we assessed the phylogenetic position Adaptation of Guihaiothamnus in Rubiaceae. Our molecular phylogenetic analyses placed the genus deeply nested Augusteae Dialypetalanthoideae within Wendlandia. This relationship is corroborated by evidence from palynology and cytology. Using Monotypic genus a relaxed molecular clock method based on five fossil records, we dated the stem age of Wendlandia to Wendlandia be 17.46 my and, the split between G. -
Rubiaceae, Guettardeae) from Central America, the Guianas and the Amazon Basin
Blumea 55, 2010: 164–170 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea RESEARCH ARTICLE doi:10.3767/000651910X526906 Four new combinations in Chomelia and Stenostomum (Rubiaceae, Guettardeae) from Central America, the Guianas and the Amazon Basin P.G. Delprete1, F. Achille2, A. Mouly3 Key words Abstract According to current generic delimitations, supported by wood anatomy, palynology, and recent molecular phylogenies, Antirhea, traditionally treated as a Pantropical genus, is instead restricted to the Paleotropics. At the Amazon Basin same time, the Neotropical species traditionally positioned in Antirhea should be positioned in Stenostomum. Fol- Chomelia lowing these definitions, Stenostomum is a genus with most of the species present in the Caribbean Region, and floristics two species present in the Guianas, namely S. acreanum and S. guianensis, distributed throughout the Amazon French Guiana Basin. In addition, according to these new generic delimitations, two species previously positioned in Guettarda Guettarda and Antirhea need to be transferred to Chomelia, as C. triflora and C. ulei. Guettardeae Guyana Published on 17 August 2010 Rubiaceae South America Stenostomum taxonomy INTRODUCTION connate stipules (forming a truncate ring) and 4- or 5-branched stigma. The last two sections were later demonstrated to be The generic delimitations within the tribe Guettardeae (sub- paraphyletic by recent molecular phylogenies by Moynihan & family Cinchonoideae) have been debated for more than two Watson (2001); based on their phylogenies, they returned the centuries. Guettarda has been traditionally recognized as a sect. Neolaugeria to the generic level, and only recognized Pantropical genus of about 140 species, with the main centres three species restricted to the Antilles, corresponding to the of diversity in the South Pacific and in the Caribbean Region same generic and specific delimitations proposed by Nicolson (c.