Leaf Spot Characteristics of Phomopsis Durionis on Durian (Durio Zibethinus Murray) and Latent Infection of the Pathogen
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Grapevine Trunk Diseases Associated with Fungi from the Diaporthaceae Family in Croatian Vineyards*
Kaliterna J, et al. CROATIAN DIAPORTHACEAE-RELATED GRAPEVINE TRUNK DISEASES Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2012;63:471-479 471 DOI: 10.2478/10004-1254-63-2012-2226 Scientifi c Paper GRAPEVINE TRUNK DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH FUNGI FROM THE DIAPORTHACEAE FAMILY IN CROATIAN VINEYARDS* Joško KALITERNA1, Tihomir MILIČEVIĆ1, and Bogdan CVJETKOVIĆ2 Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb1, University of Applied Sciences “Marko Marulić”, Knin2, Croatia Received in February 2012 CrossChecked in August 2012 Accepted in September 2012 Grapevine trunk diseases (GTD) have a variety of symptoms and causes. The latter include fungal species from the family Diaporthaceae. The aim of our study was to determine Diaporthaceae species present in the woody parts of grapevines sampled from 12 vine-growing coastal and continental areas of Croatia. The fungi were isolated from diseased wood, and cultures analysed for phenotype (morphology and pathogenicity) and DNA sequence (ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2). Most isolates were identifi ed as Phomopsis viticola, followed by Diaporthe neotheicola and Diaporthe eres. This is the fi rst report of Diaporthe eres as a pathogen on grapevine in the world, while for Diaporthe neotheicola this is the fi rst report in Croatia. Pathogenicity trials confi rmed Phomopsis viticola as a strong and Diaporthe neotheicola as a weak pathogen. Diaporthe eres turned out to be a moderate pathogen, which implies that the species could have a more important role in the aetiology of GTD. KEY WORDS: Diaporthe, Diaporthe eres, Diaporthe neotheicola, Croatia, pathogenicity, Phomopsis, Phomopsis viticola In Croatia, grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is cultivated M. Fisch., and Togninia minima (Tul. -
Management of Strawberry Leaf Blight Disease Caused by Phomopsis Obscurans Using Silicate Salts Under Field Conditions Farid Abd-El-Kareem, Ibrahim E
Abd-El-Kareem et al. Bulletin of the National Research Centre (2019) 43:1 Bulletin of the National https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-018-0041-2 Research Centre RESEARCH Open Access Management of strawberry leaf blight disease caused by Phomopsis obscurans using silicate salts under field conditions Farid Abd-El-Kareem, Ibrahim E. Elshahawy and Mahfouz M. M. Abd-Elgawad* Abstract Background: Due to the increased economic and social benefits of the strawberry crop yield in Egypt, more attention has been paid to control its pests and diseases. Leaf blight, caused by the fungus Phomopsis obscurans, is one of the important diseases of strawberry plants. Therefore, effect of silicon and potassium, sodium and calcium silicates, and a fungicide on Phomopsis leaf blight of strawberry under laboratory and field conditions was examined. Results: Four concentrations, i.e., 0, 2, 4, and 6 g/l of silicon as well as potassium, sodium and calcium silicates could significantly reduce the linear growth of tested fungus in the laboratory test where complete inhibition of linear growth was obtained with 6 g/l. The other concentrations showed less but favorable effects. The highest reduction of disease severity was obtained with potassium silicate and calcium silicate separately applied as soil treatment combined with foliar spray which reduced the disease incidence by 83.3 and 86.7%, respectively. Other treatments showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) but less effect. The highest yield increase was obtained with potassium silicate and calcium silicate applied as soil treatment combined with foliar spray which increased fruit yield by 60 and 53.8%, respectively. -
The Perfect Stage of the Fungus Which Causes Melanose of Citrus1
THE PERFECT STAGE OF THE FUNGUS WHICH CAUSES MELANOSE OF CITRUS1 By FREDERICK A. WOLF Pathologist, Office of Fruit Diseases, Bureau of Plant Industry, United States Depart- ment of Agriculture INTRODUCTION A disease of citrus and related plants to which the common name melanose is applied was ffrst recognized near Citra, Fla., by Swingle and Webber 2 in 1892. Their account of the disease, published in 1896, states that in their opinion it was caused by a " vegetable parasite" which they were not able to isolate in culture. In 1912 a paper by Fawcett3 was published in which he set forth the results of his investigations on a type of stem-end decay of fruits, and he as- cribed the cause of the decay to a previously undescribed organism which he designated PJiomopsis citri. The relationship between this stem-end rot and melanose was not suspected at first. Evidence has been presented by Floyd and Stevens,4 however, and by others who have investigated this problem, which shows that the two forms are undoubtedly caused by one and the same fungus. The rules of proof to establish this relationship have never been completely followed, because thus far it has not been possible for anyone to isolate Pho- mopsis citri from melanose lesions on leaves, twigs, and fruits. In July, 1925, the present writer found, on fallen decaying twigs of lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle), on the grounds of the United States Citrus-Disease Field Laboratory, Orlando, Fia., a species of Diaporthe. Since several species of the form genus Phomopsis are known to have an ascigerous stage belonging to the genus Diaporthe, it was suspected that these specimens were those of the perfect stage of Phomopsis citri. -
Citrus Melanose (Diaporthe Citri Wolf): a Review
Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2014) 3(4): 113-124 ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 4 (2014) pp. 113-124 http://www.ijcmas.com Review Article Citrus Melanose (Diaporthe citri Wolf): A Review K.Gopal*, L. Mukunda Lakshmi, G. Sarada, T. Nagalakshmi, T. Gouri Sankar, V. Gopi and K.T.V. Ramana Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University, Citrus Research Station, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, India *Corresponding author A B S T R A C T K e y w o r d s Citrus Melanose disease caused by Diaporthe citri Wolf is a fungus that causes two distinct diseases on Citrus species viz, the perfect stage of the fungus causes Citrus melanose, disease characterized by lesions on fruit and foliage and in the imperfect Melanose; stage; it causes Phomopsis stem-end rot, a post-harvest disease. It is one of the Diaporthe most commonly observed diseases of citrus worldwide. As the disease is occurring citri; in larger proportions and reducing marketable fruit yield hence, updated post-harvest information on its history of occurrence, disease distribution and its impact, disease pathogen and its morphology, disease symptoms, epidemiology and management are briefly reviewed in this paper. Introduction Citrus Melanose occurs in many citrus fungus does not normally affect the pulp. growing regions of the world and infects On leaves, the small, black, raised lesions many citrus species. It affects young are often surrounded by yellow halos and leaves and fruits of certain citrus species can cause leaf distortion. On the fruit, the or varieties when the tissues grow and disease produces a superficial blemish expand during extended periods of rainy which is unlikely to affect the overall yield or humid weather conditions. -
Diaporthe Vaccinii
EuropeanBlackwell Publishing Ltd and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization PM 7/86 (1) Organisation Européenne et Méditerranéenne pour la Protection des Plantes Diagnostics Diagnostic Diaporthe vaccinii Specific scope Specific approval and amendment This standard describes a diagnostic protocol for Diaporthe Approved in 2008-09. vaccinii1. Introduction Diaporthe vaccinii Shear (anamorph Phomopsis vaccinii Shear) is recorded on stems, shoots and leaves of cultivated Vaccinium corymbosum L. (blueberry), V. macrocarpon Aiton (American cranberry), V. vitis-idaea L. (cowberry) and autochtonous species of European V. myrtillus L., (blueberry), V. oxycoccus L. (cranberries). D. vaccinii causes phomopsis canker and dieback, twig blight, viscid rot (fruit rot). It is common in temperate climate areas of North America: Canada (Nova Scotia), USA (in 11 States). There are a few reports of this fungus on plants in Europe: in Romania, UK (eradicated) and Lithuania. Identity Name: Diaporthe vaccinii Shear Anamorph: Phomopsis vaccinii Shear Fig. 1 (A) Symptoms of Phomopsis/Diaporthe vaccinii on twigs of Taxonomic position: Fungi: Ascomycota: Diaporthales Vaccinium corymbosum. (B) Conidiomata on stem of blueberry. EPPO computer code: DIAPVA Phytosanitary categorization: EPPO A1 list no. 211, EU in two months, killing single twigs and often entire plants of a Annex designation: II/A1 susceptible cultivar. On stems, D. vaccinii causes a brown discoloration of the xylem below wilt symptoms. Conidiomata Detection appear on lesions on 1–2 year old twigs (Fig. 1B), and ascomata on 2–3 year old twigs. The fungus also infects leaves, buds, and Blueberries can be killed by D. vaccinii within a few months. fruits of cranberries (Fig. 2A, Fig. 3). Berries become brownish The first symptoms appear on the tips of non-woody shoots red, inflated and shiny. -
Diaporthe Juglandicola Sp. Nov. (Diaporthales, Ascomycetes), Evidenced by Morphological Characters and Phylogenetic Analysis Ar
Mycosphere 8(5): 817–826 (2017) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/8/5/3 Copyright © Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Diaporthe juglandicola sp. nov. (Diaporthales, Ascomycetes), evidenced by morphological characters and phylogenetic analysis Yang Q, Fan XL, Du Z and Tian CM* The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China Yang Q, Fan XL, Du Z, Tian CM 2017 – Diaporthe juglandicola sp. nov. (Diaporthales, Ascomycetes), evidenced by morphological characters and phylogenetic analysis. Mycosphere 8(5), 817–826, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/8/5/3 Abstract Diaporthe juglandicola sp. nov, collected from diseased branches of Juglans mandshurica in Beijing, China, is described and illustrated in this paper. Evidence for this new species is provided by its holomorphic morphology and phylogenetic analysis. Morphologically, the asexual morph produces hyaline, aseptate, ellipsoidal, alpha conidia (8.1–8.7 × 2.3–2.9 μm), while the sexual morph produces 8-spored, unitunicate, clavate to cylindric asci and fusoid, 0–1-septate ascospores. The phylogeny inferred from combined multi-locus sequences (CAL, HIS, ITS, TEF1-α, TUB) grouped the isolates of the new species into a distinct lineage. Key words – dieback – molecular phylogeny – new species – taxonomy Introduction The genus Diaporthe (syn. Phomopsis) was established by Nitschke (1870). Species of Diaporthe occur widely in natural ecosystems, comprising endophytes and saprobes, as well as plant pathogens (Uecker 1988, Rehner & Uecker 1994, Rossman & Palm-Hernández 2008, Udayanga et al. 2011, 2012a, b). According to Index Fungorum, there are 977 names in Diaporthe and 980 names in Phomopsis, although the relationships between the asexual and sexual taxa are mostly unclear. -
Phylogenetic Analysis and Development of Molecular Tool for Detection of Diaporthe Citri Causing Melanose Disease of Citrus
plants Article Phylogenetic Analysis and Development of Molecular Tool for Detection of Diaporthe citri Causing Melanose Disease of Citrus Chingchai Chaisiri 1,2 , Xiang-Yu Liu 1,2, Yang Lin 1, Jiang-Bo Li 3, Bin Xiong 3 and Chao-Xi Luo 1,2,* 1 Key Lab of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; [email protected] (C.C.); [email protected] (X.-Y.L.); [email protected] (Y.L.) 2 Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science & Technology, and Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring & Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China 3 Nanfeng Citrus Research Institute, Nanfeng 344500, China; [email protected] (J.-B.L.); [email protected] (B.X.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 16 February 2020; Accepted: 27 February 2020; Published: 4 March 2020 Abstract: Melanose disease caused by Diaporthe citri is considered as one of the most important and destructive diseases of citrus worldwide. In this study, isolates from melanose samples were obtained and analyzed. Firstly, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences were used to measure Diaporthe-like boundary species. Then, a subset of thirty-eight representatives were selected to perform the phylogenetic analysis with combined sequences of ITS, beta-tubulin gene (TUB), translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF), calmodulin gene (CAL), and histone-3 gene (HIS). As a result, these representative isolates were identified belonging to D. citri, D. citriasiana, D. discoidispora, D. eres, D. sojae, and D. unshiuensis. Among these species, the D. citri was the predominant species that could be isolated at highest rate from different melanose diseased tissues. -
Phomopsis Sp. As an Endophyte of Turnera Subulata L.: Isolation, Identification and Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Their Extracts
Vol. 11(17), pp. 668-672, 7 May, 2017 DOI: 10.5897/AJMR2016.7975 Article Number: 541D4A064088 ISSN 1996-0808 African Journal of Microbiology Research Copyright © 2017 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/AJMR Full Length Research Paper Phomopsis sp. as an endophyte of Turnera subulata L.: Isolation, identification and antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of their extracts Giancarlo de Brito Lyra Santos1, Luiz Carlos Caetano2, Ariana Rafaela da Silva Nascimento2, Roberto Ramos Sobrinho2, Ricardo Manoel dos Santos Silva2, João Manoel da Silva3*, Tania Marta Carvalho dos Santos2 and Yamina Coentro Montaldo2 1Federal Institute of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil 2Federal University of Alagoas, Chemical and Biochemical Department and Agricultural Sciences Center, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil 3*Federal University of Sergipe, Department of Agronomy, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil, Received 25 February, 2016; Accepted 2 March, 2017 Turnera subulata L. is a plant that belongs to the Turneraceae family and is popularly known in Brazil as “Chanana”; it is used as an alternative medicine. Among all microorganisms, fungi are mostly associated with plants. The aim of this study is to isolate, identify and evaluate the antifungal and antioxidant activity of extracts of Phomopsis sp. isolated from T. subulata. From the leaf fragment obtained from T. subulata, the filamentous endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp was isolated. The fungal isolate had a higher growth in potato dextrose agar (PDA) and potato sucrose agar (PSA) culture medium, as well as in the presence of light. In the antagonism test of the endophytic Phomopsis sp. against human pathogens, there was inhibition zone against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, C. -
Analysis of the Genome Sequence of Phomopsis Vexans: a Fungal Pathogen Causing Phomopsis Blight of Eggplant
Analysis of The Genome Sequence of Phomopsis Vexans: A Fungal Pathogen Causing Phomopsis Blight of Eggplant Zhou Heng Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Qian You Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Zhiliang Li Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Baojuan Sun Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Xiaowan Xu Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Ying Li Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Zhenxing Li Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hengming Wang Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chao Gong Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Li Tao ( [email protected] ) Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Research Article Keywords: Genome, Phomopsis vexans, Phomopsis blight of eggplant Posted Date: February 2nd, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-156550/v1 Page 1/13 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 2/13 Abstract Background: Phomopsis vexans is a phytopathogenic fungus causing Phomopsis blight of eggplant. -
Redisposition of Species from the Guignardia Sexual State of Phyllosticta Wulandari NF1, 2*, Bhat DJ3, and To-Anun C1*
Plant Pathology & Quarantine 4 (1): 45–85 (2014) ISSN 2229-2217 www.ppqjournal.org Article PPQ Copyright © 2014 Online Edition Doi 10.5943/ppq/4/1/6 Redisposition of species from the Guignardia sexual state of Phyllosticta Wulandari NF1, 2*, Bhat DJ3, and To-anun C1* 1Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. 2Microbiology Division, Research Centre for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Cibinong Science Centre, Cibinong, Indonesia. 3Formerly, Department of Botany, Goa University, Goa-403 206, India Wulandari NF, Bhat DJ and To-anun C. 2014 – Redisposition of species from the Guignardia sexual state of Phyllosticta. Plant Pathology & Quarantine 4(1), 45-85, Doi 10.5943/ppq/4/1/6. Abstract Several species named in the genus “Guignardia” have been transferred to other genera before the commencement of this study. Two families and genera to which species are transferred are Botryosphaeriaceae (Botryosphaeria, Vestergrenia, Neodeightonia) and Hyphonectriaceae (Hyponectria). In this paper, new combinations reported include Botryosphaeria cocöes (Petch) Wulandari, comb. nov., Vestergrenia atropurpurea (Chardón) Wulandari, comb. nov., V. dinochloae (Rehm) Wulandari, comb. nov., V. tetrazygiae (Stevens) Wulandari, comb. nov., while six taxa are synonymized with known species of Phyllosticta, viz. Phyllosticta effusa (Rehm) Sacc.[(= Botryosphaeria obtusae (Schw.) Shoemaker], Phyllosticta sophorae Kantshaveli [= Botryosphaeria ribis Grossenbacher & Duggar], Phyllosticta haydenii (Berk. & M.A. Kurtis) Arx & E. Müller [= Botryosphaeria zeae (Stout) von Arx & E. Müller], Phyllosticta justiciae F. Stevens [= Vestergrenia justiciae (F. Stevens) Petr.], Phyllosticta manokwaria K.D. Hyde [= Neodeightonia palmicola J.K Liu, R. Phookamsak & K. D. Hyde] and Phyllosticta rhamnii Reusser [= Hyponectria cf. -
Diaporthe Toxicodendri Sp. Nov., a Causal Fungus of the Canker Disease on Toxicodendron Vernicifluum in Japan Article
Mycosphere 8(5): 1157–1167 (2017) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/8/5/6 Copyright © Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Diaporthe toxicodendri sp. nov., a causal fungus of the canker disease on Toxicodendron vernicifluum in Japan Ando Y1, Masuya H1, Aikawa T1, Ichihara Y2 and Tabata M1* 1 Tohoku Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), 92-25 Nabeyashiki, Shimo- kuriyagawa, Morioka Iwate 020-0123, Japan 2 Kansai Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), 68 Nagaikyutaroh, Momoyama, Fushimi, Kyoto, Kyoto 612-0855, Japan Ando Y, Masuya H, Aikawa T, Ichihara Y, Tabata M 2017 – Diaporthe toxicodendri sp. nov., a causal fungus of the canker disease on Toxicodendron vernicifluum in Japan. Mycosphere 8(5), 1157–1168, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/8/5/6 Abstract We describe for the first time the fungus Diaporthe toxicodendri sp. nov., which causes canker disease on the stems and twigs of Toxicodendron vernicifluum. We conducted a phylogenetic analysis using combined multigene sequence data from the rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequence and partial genes for calmodulin, histone H3, beta-tubulin, and translation elongation factor 1-alpha. The results indicate that D. toxicodendri occupies a monophyletic clade with high support. Although 10 species are phylogenetically closely related to D. toxicodendri, morphological characteristics of size of alpha conidia and lacking of beta and gamma conidia support the distinction of this fungus from those closely related species. No sexual morphic structures have yet been found for the species. The pathogenicity of this species was confirmed by the inoculation test to T. -
Some Critically Endangered Species from Turkey
Fungal Conservation issue 4: February 2014 Fungal Conservation Note from the Editor This issue of Fungal Conservation is being put together in the glow of achievement associated with the Third International Congress on Fungal Conservation, held in Muğla, Turkey in November 2013. The meeting brought together people committed to fungal conservation from all corners of the Earth, providing information, stimulation, encouragement and general happiness that our work is starting to bear fruit. Especial thanks to our hosts at the University of Muğla who did so much behind the scenes to make the conference a success. This issue of Fungal Conservation includes an account of the meeting, and several papers based on presentations therein. A major development in the world of fungal conservation happened late last year with the launch of a new website (http://iucn.ekoo.se/en/iucn/welcome) for the Global Fungal Red Data List Initiative. This is supported by the Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund, which also made a most generous donation to support participants from less-developed nations at our conference. The website provides a user-friendly interface to carry out IUCN-compliant conservation assessments, and should be a tool that all of us use. There is more information further on in this issue of Fungal Conservation. Deadlines are looming for the 10th International Mycological Congress in Thailand in August 2014 (see http://imc10.com/2014/home.html). Conservation issues will be featured in several of the symposia, with one of particular relevance entitled "Conservation of fungi: essential components of the global ecosystem”. There will be room for a limited number of contributed papers and posters will be very welcome also: the deadline for submitting abstracts is 31 March.