TABLE 1: EAST ENGLAND REGIONAL CONSERVATION STRATEGY PRIORITY BUTTERFLIES
Common Name Scientific Name Ecological classification occupied in East squares km 1 England (2005-2014) occupied (% Regional occupancy 2005-14) squares 1km Regional distribution trend (1990- *** p<0.01; ** P<0.05; (* 2014) p<0.001) Regional population trend (1990- *** p<0.01; ** P<0.05; (* 2016) p<0.001) ListGB Red Schedule 5 W Act C & BAP UK England s41 NERC List Red EU Annex Directive Habitats EU Regs. Species & Cons. Habitats 1997 Priority Threat UK BC 2005 Priority Threat UK BC 2016 Priority Threat UK BC 2016 Priority Conservation UK BC Anglia2000 RAP 2000 RAP Thames England Priority East Threat RCS 2016-25 England East Conservation RCS 2016-25 Priority Wood White Leptidea sinapis HS 34 0.15 EN F X X M H H A H H A Heath Fritillary Mellicta athalia HS 16 0.07 EN F X X H H H A H H A Duke of Burgundy Hamearis lucina HS 10 0.04 EN P X X M H H A M H A Black Hairstreak Satyrium pruni HS 35 0.15 EN P M M H C H H A Silver-studded Blue Plebejus argus HS 64 0.28 VU P X X M H H B H H A
Dingy Skipper Erynnis tages HS 206 0.91 -58*** 1437*** VU X X L H H B H M H B Grizzled Skipper Pyrgus malvae HS 194 0.85 -28 405** VU X X M H H B H M H B Chequered Skipper Carterocephalus palaemon HS EN P X H H H B H B Swallowtail Papilio machaon HS 99 0.44 -36 NT F M M H C H H B Wall Lasiommata megera WCS 705 3.10 -93*** -86*** X X L L H R M H B Small Blue Cupido minimus HS 73 0.32 NT P X X M H M C M M H B
Grayling Hipparchia semele HS 381 1.68 -58*** -35 VU X X L H H B M M C Dark Green Fritillary Argynnis aglaja HS 184 0.81 L M M M M C White Admiral Limenitis camilla HS 700 3.08 -2 115 VU X X L H H C M M C Purple Emperor Apatura iris HS 208 0.92 NT P M M M H M C Large Copper Lycaena dispar RE F H M M M C Brown Hairstreak Thecla betulae HS 1 0.01 VU P X X M H M C H H M C White-letter Hairstreak Satyrium w-album WCS 857 3.77 76* EN P X X M H H C M M M C Chalk Hill Blue Polyommatus coridon HS 139 0.61 -39 877*** NT P L M H C M M C
Essex Skipper Thymelicus lineola WCS 2213 9.74 -5 L L H R L Silver-washed Fritillary Argynnis paphia HS 557 2.45 NT L L L M L Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary Boloria selene HS 1 0.01 NT X X M H H B M L Marbled White Melanargia galathea WCS 1308 5.76 107*** 259*** L L L M L Green Hairstreak Callophrys rubi HS 609 2.68 19 -35 L L M L Brown Argus Aricia agestis WCS 2083 9.17 84*** 56 L L L M L
Ecological classification: HS = Habitat Specialist; WCS = Wider Countryside Species. Distribution and population trends: Red = meets criteria for High Priority status; Yellow = meets criteria for Medium Priority status. Note for some species timeline for calculating population trend is shorter than maximum 1990-2016. GB Red List status: CR = Critically Endangered; EN = Endangered; VU = Vulnerable; NT = Near Threatened. Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981) status: F = full protection; P = partial protection (sale only). UK BAP and national legislative conservation status: X = listed; E? = probably extinct. BC UK Threat Priority: H = High Priority; M = Medium Priority; L = Low Priority; R = Research. BC UK Conservation Priority: A = Action urgent across UK range; B = Action necessary in parts of UK range; C = Action necessary in parts of UK range but less urgent. Regional Action Plan (RAP) Priority: H = High Priority; M = Medium Priority. Regional Conservation Strategy (RCS) Threat Priority: H = High Priority; M = Medium Priority; L = Low Priority. Regional Conservation Strategy (RCS) Conservation Priority: A = Action urgent across all occupied landscapes/sites; B = Action necessary in some occupied landscapes/sites; C = Action less urgent regionally but may be necessary in some landscapes/sites.
Explanation of proposed changes: Swallowtail No imminent threat; long-term climate change impact possible. Chequered Skipper Candidate for reintroduction. Essex Skipper Regional decline. Wall Rapid regional decline; restricted to coastal sites. Marbled White Widespread, no evidence of population decline. Grayling National decline; rare away from coastal sites. Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary Regionally extinct; natural recolonisation unlikely. Silver-washed Fritillary Distribution increasing. Purple Emperor Distribution increasing, especially in Herts & Middlesex. Duke of Burgundy Rapid national decline. Large Copper Potential candidate for reintroduction. Small Blue Regional decline. Green Hairstreak Regional decline, especially Herts & Middlesex. Brown Hairstreak Extinct or status uncertain in region. Brown Argus Widespread, no evidence of population decline. TABLE 2: EAST ENGLAND REGIONAL CONSERVATION STRATEGY PRIORITY MOTHS
Common Name Scientific Name Comment
ABH No. ABH F & B No. 5 W Act C & Schedule BAP UK s41 NERC England Habitats DirectiveEU Annex Regs. Habitats Species Cons. & Threat PriorityBC 2016 Priority Conservation 2016 BC 2000 Anglia RAP 2000 RAP Thames Norfolk 2016 Suffolk 2016 * 2016 Cambridgeshire 2016 Essex 2016 Bedfordshire 2016 Northamptonshire Hertfordshire 2016 Middlesex 2016 Threat RCS East of England Priority 2016-25 RCS East of England PriorityConservation 2016-25 Syncopacma albipalpella 35.007 848 X X H A P H A Hertfordshire on Petty Whin Water-dock Case-bearer Coleophora hydrolapathella 37.018 500 X X H B P P H A Norfolk Broads on Water Dock Basil-thyme Case-bearer Coleophora tricolor 37.062 529 X X H A P P E E E H A Scythris siccella 43.010 916 X X H A NRR NRR H A Liquorice Piercer Grapholita pallifrontana 49.348 1243 X X H A M P P E H A Suffolk: old record Brandon Goat Moth Cossus cossus 50.001 162 X X H C M M P P P P P P P P H A Large Red-belted Clearwing Synanthedon culiciformis 52.007 381 M M P P P PO E P P H A Forester Adscita statices 54.002 163 X X H B P P E E E E E H A Lace Border Scopula ornata 70.021 1687 M P E E E E E E H A Tawny Wave Scopula rubiginata 70.022 1688 H P P E P E E E H A False Mocha Cyclophora porata 70.035 1679 X X H C P PO NRR P PO P E P H A Chalk Carpet Scotopteryx bipunctaria 70.043 1731 X X H C H H E E P E P E P H A Marsh Carpet Perizoma sagittata 70.140 1810 M P P P E E NRR E H A Lead-coloured Pug Eupithecia plumbeolata 70.153 1814 M NRR NRR P P E E P H A Scarce Pug Eupithecia extensaria ssp. occidua 70.178 1847 X X H A H P E E E E E E H A Grey Carpet Lithostege griseata 70.197 1871 X X H B H P P P E E E E E H A Barred Tooth-striped Trichopteryx polycommata 70.201 1880 X X H B H H P PO PO P E PO E H A V-Moth Macaria wauaria 70.215 1897 X P P P H A Sloe Carpet Aleucis distinctata 70.281 1959 X X H B M M E P E P E E E E H A Small Chocolate-tip Clostera pigra 71.028 2017 M M P PO P E E E E H A Scarce Vapourer Orgyia recens 72.018 2025 X X H B H P E E E E E E H A Silver Barred Deltote bankiana 73.027 2413 H E E P E E E E H A Only resident at Wicken & Chippenham Fens Four-spotted Tyta luctuosa 73.031 2465 X X H B H H P P P P P P P H A Marbled Clover Heliothis viriplaca 73.072 2401 H P P P PO E P E H A Fisher's Estuarine Moth Gortyna borelii 73.122 2365 F 2 2 H P H A White-mantled Wainscot Archanara neurica 73.140 2372 X X H C H P P H A Reedbeds and reed lined ditches Concolorous Chortodes extrema 73.149 2347 X X H C H P P P P H A White-spotted Pinion Cosmia diffinis 73.214 2317 X X H B H H E PO P P P P E H A Heart Moth Dicycla oo 73.218 2315 X X H C H E E E E NRR P E NRR H A Lunar Yellow Underwing Noctua orbona 73.344 2108 X X H B H H P P NRR P P NRR E NRR H A
Pseudopostega auritella 5.003 120 P E H B Norfolk: Norfolk Broads LR 2016; on Marsh Marigold Nemophora metallica 7.002 147 P P P H B Nemophora cupriacella 7.003 146 P NRR H B Nemophora fasciella 7.004 144 X X H C P P P P P H B Nemophora minimella 7.005 145 P NRR H B Currant Shoot Borer Lampronia capitella 9.001 133 X X H B M P E E E H B LR 2016 Whitleia retiella 11.015 190 M P H B Suffolk: Shotley; on saltmarsh Phyllonorycter sagitella 15.088 366 X X H B E E P P H B Agonopterix putridella 32.021 693 M E E E P E E E H B On Hogs Fennel Agonopterix cnicella 32.034 690 P H B Scythris potentilla 43.006 920 P P H B Suffolk: recent records Cavenham; Norfolk: recent records Scythris cicadella 43.011 919 E NRR E E H B Suffolk: old record Brandon Tuddenham; on Knawel Acleris lorquiniana 49.074 1058 M P H B Norfolk: Norfolk Broads; LR 2013; on Purple Loosestrife Falseuncaria degreyana 49.141 961 NRR NRR H B LR 1998; on Yellow Toadflax or Ribwort Plantain Reed Leopard Phragmataecia castaneae 50.003 160 H P E P E E E E E H B Triangle Heterogenea asella 53.002 174 H H E E E P E E E P H B Cistus Forester Adscita geryon 54.003 164 M E E E E PO E PO E H B LR 1992 Pima boisduvaliella 62.019 1453 M P P P H B Shingle Gymnancyla canella 62.043 1464 M P P P P? H B Coastal Nyctegretis lineana 62.051 1468 M P P H B Coastal Cynaeda dentalis 63.056 1359 P H B Suffolk: LR 2005; on shingle Thisanotia chrysonuchella 63.107 1321 M P P P E H B Pediasia fascelinella 63.108 1322 M P P H B Coastal sands Ground Lackey Malacosoma castrensis 66.004 1635 H E P E P E E H B Narrow-bordered Bee Hawk-moth Hemaris tityus 69.008 1982 X X H B H E E E E E E E E H B No recent record may be extinct Broad-bordered Bee Hawk-moth Hemaris fuciformis 69.009 1983 M M P P E E E E E E H B Oblique Striped Phibalapteryx virgata 70.039 1718 M P P P NRR P NRR NRR E H B Bleached Pug Eupithecia expallidata 70.180 1833 M M E E P PO P NRR E H B Campanula Pug Eupithecia denotata 70.185 1836 M M NRR NRR NRR E P P E H B Broom-tip Chesias rufata 70.196 1865 X M M P P P PO P NRR P H B Plumed Prominent Ptilophora plumigera 71.024 2013 M M E P E E E E H B Small Dotted Footman Pelosia obtusa 72.040 2042 H P E E E E E H B Shaded Fan-foot Herminia tarsicrinalis 72.054 2491 H P P E P E E E H B Common Fan-foot Pechipogo strigilata 72.056 2488 X X H B H H E E NRR PO NRR PO E H B Olive Crescent Trisateles emortualis 72.070 2495 X X H C H H E PO E P E E E H B Reed Dagger Simyra albovenosa 73.035 2290 M P P NRR P NRR E P H B Fenn’s Wainscot Chortodes brevilinea 73.150 2351 X X H C H P P E E E E E H B Reedbeds Rush Wainscot Archanara algae 73.152 2374 H P P P E E E E H B Pale Shining Brown Polia bombycina 73.259 2148 X X H C H H P PO NRR E NRR NRR P H B White Colon Sideridis albicolon 73.275 2152 M P PO E E E E E P H B
Stigmella prunetorum 4.011 109 M NRR NRR P E P E M C Norfolk: LR 1874 Cosmopterix zieglerella 34.005 894 M P P P P P M C Herts: High priority Coleophora chalcogrammella 37.045 528 NRR E NRR M C Norfolk: LR 1899; Herts: LR 1993 Coleophora conspicuella 37.058 539 NRR P? M C Leigh-on-sea LR 1980 Small Scabious Plume Stenoptilia annadctyla 45.017 1508 P P M C Breckland Plume Crombrugghia distans 45.026 1491 P P M C LR 2016 Epermenia insecurella 47.003 482 X X H B M E E E PO M C Herts: High priority; on Bastard Toadflax Therfield White-barred Clearwing Synanthedon spheciformis 52.006 375 M P P E E E E E M C Aphomia zelleri 62.002 149 P P M C LR 2016; coastal sands Nephopterix angustella 62.032 1465 M P P P P M C Herts: High priority Sitochroa palealis 63.014 1370 M P P P P P P M C Paratalanta hyalinalis 63.030 1374 M P P M C Norfolk: LR 1901; on Knapweed and Great Mullein Purple-bordered Gold Idaea muricata 70.002 1698 M M P P NRR E E E E M C Bright Wave Idaea ochrata 70.003 1696 X X H A H P P E E E E E M C Rosy Wave Scopula emutaria 70.028 1691 M P P E P E E E M C Mocha Cyclophora annularia 70.031 1676 M M NRR E NRR NRR PO NRR E E M C Cloaked Carpet Euphyia biangulata 70.064 1793 M M P PO P E P P M C Herts: High priority Fletcher’s Pauper Pug Eupithecia egenaria 70.164 1824 H P P E E P P E M C Pimpinel Pug Eupithecia pimpinellata 70.165 1845 M P P NRR P P P M C Marbled Pug Eupithecia irriguata 70.170 1818 M NRR NRR E NRR E NRR E M C Northants: Yardley Chase Pinion-spotted Pug Eupithecia insigniata 70.174 1820 M P P P E P P E M C Valerian Pug Eupithecia valerianata 70.181 1821 M P P P NRR P P NRR M C Herts: High priority Great Oak Beauty Hypomecis roboraria 70.267 1943 M M E NRR P P PO P P M C Grass Wave Perconia strigillaria 70.295 1970 M M E E E P E M C Dotted Footman Pelosia muscerda 72.039 2041 H P P E PO E E E M C Pygmy Footman Eilema pygmaeola 72.048 2046 H E E E E E E M C Clay Fan-foot Paracolax tristalis 72.051 2494 X X H B H E E E P E E E M C Essex: only 1 record on website Dotted Fan-foot Macrochilo cribrumalis 72.052 2493 M M P P P P P P P P M C Marsh Oblique-barred Hypenodes humidalis 72.060 2485 M M P PO E E E E E P M C White-line Snout Schrankia taenialis 72.062 2482 H E E PO E P P E M C Wormwood Cucullia absinthii 73.050 2211 M M P P P P P PO P P M C Star-wort Cucullia asteris 73.055 2217 M P P E P E E E M C Rosy Marbled Elaphria venustula 73.091 2396 M M P P P P E E P P M C Herts: High priority Silky Wainscot Chilodes maritimus 73.100 2391 M M P P P E P E P P M C Sandhill Rustic Luperina nickerlii 73.132 2354 M E E P E E E M C Lyme Grass Chortodes elymi 73.138 2348 M P P E E E E E M C Crescent Striped Apamea oblonga 73.161 2325 M P P P E NRR E M C Pale-lemon Sallow Xanthia ocellaris 73.184 2276 M M P P P E P P E P M C Feathered Brindle Aporophyla australis 73.230 2230 M P PO P E E E M C Northern Drab Orthosia opima 73.248 2184 M P P P NRR P E M C Shore Wainscot Mythimna litoralis 73.299 2201 M P P E E E E E M C Flame Wainscot Mythimna flammea 73.305 2209 M P P NRR E E E E M C
Stigmella minusculella 4.028 91 M P E E E L Hunts: only 1 record Ectoedemia atrifrontella 4.079 41 M P E E E P L Ectoedemia turbidella 4.084 24 M P P P P P P L Herts: High priority Ectoedemia quinquella 4.087 36 M P P E P P P L Herts: High priority Pseudopostega auritella 5.003 120 P E E E E L Norfolk: Norfolk Broads only Proutia betulina 11.011 188 M E E E E P NRR L Herts: High priority Epichnopterix plumella 11.014 189 E E E PO P L Nemapogon wolfiella 12.017 217 M P P P E P L Caloptila falconipennella 15.011 289 M P P P P P P L Phyllonorycter platanoidella 15.085 363 M P P E P P L Ochsenheimeria vaculella 17.016 253 M E E E E L Argyresthia praecocella 20.003 404 M E E E E L Argyresthia abdominalis 20.008 406 M E E L Luquetia lobella 32.003 668 M P P P P L Depressaria pimpinellae 32.037 673 M PO L Ethmia funerella 33.002 719 M P P L Pancalia leuwenhoekella 34.001 899 M P P P L Norfolk: LR 1874; Herts: High priority Cosmopterix lienigiella 34.010 897 M P P E E L Sorhagenia lophyrella 34.013 909 M P P E E L Sorhagenia janiszewskae 34.014 910 M P E P? L Athrips tetrapunctella 35.086 761 NRR E L Norfolk: LR 1980s Gelechia turpella 35.106 807 M E P L Caryocolum proximum 35.135 831 M P E E PO P L Norfolk: LR 1874; Herts: High priority Caryocolum huebneri 35.139 837 E L Norfolk: LR 1874 Coleophora frischella 37.034 517a M ? E P E P L Coleophora hemerobiella 37.039 523 M P P P P P L Coleophora currucipennella 37.054 534 M E E E E E L Cosmiotes stabilella 38.049 633 M P P P P L Blastodacna atra 39.002 906 M P P P P L Herts: High priority Chrysoclista linneella 39.006 902 M P E P L Herts: High priority Mompha jurassicella 40.006 890 M P NRR P P P P L Herts: High priority Sundew Plume Buckleria paludum 45.029 1493 M NRR E E L Citron Plume Hellinsia carphodactyla 45.039 1519 M NRR P P L On Ploughmans Spikenard Epermenia farreni 47.007 479 E E E E E L Phalonidia manniana 49.101 926 M P P P P P L Aethes rutilana 49.119 940 M E E L Cochylis flaviciliana 49.135 963 M E E L Eudemis porphyrana 49.143 1114 M E P P E L Endothenia ustulana 49.190 1101 M P P E L Norfolk: only 1 site Eucosmomorpha albersana 49.199 1217 M E E L Epinotia demarniana 49.243 1135 M P P P P L Eucosma pauperana 49.262 1198 M P E P L Eucosma conterminana 49.275 1192 M P P P P P L Epiblema grandaevana 49.291 1181 M P P P E L Grapholita caecana 49.350 1240 M P E E L Beds: Tottenhoe Quarry Pammene suspectana 49.364 1230 M E E E E L East Anglia record but location unknown Pammene trauniana 49.374 1235 M E P P E L Northants: only 1 record Hornet Moth Sesia apiformis 52.002 370 M M P P P P P P P P L Red-tipped Clearwing Synanthedon formicaeformis 52.008 380 M P P P P P P P P L Sallow Clearwing Synanthedon flaviventris 52.009 377 M E E E E E E E L Orange-tailed Clearwing Synanthedon andrenaeformis 52.010 378 M M P P P P P P L Red-belted Clearwing Synanthedon myopaeformis 52.011 379 M M P P P P P P P P L Yellow-legged Clearwing Synanthedon vespiformis 52.012 374 M M P P P P P P P L Current Clearwing Synanthedon tipuliformis 52.013 373 M M P P P P P P P P L Six-belted Clearwing Bembecia ichneumoniformis 52.014 382 M M P P P P P P P L Festoon Apoda limacodes 53.001 173 M M P P P P E P E E L Homeosoma nebulella 62.055 1480 M E E E L Mecyna flavalis 63.039 1396 M E E L Synaphe punctalis 63.047 1404 M E E L Calamotropha paludella 63.079 1292 M P P P P L Satin Lutestring Tetheella fluctuosa 65.012 1656 M E NRR NRR P P NRR E L Beds: only 1 record Small Eggar Eriogaster lanestris 66.005 1633 M M P P P P P P PO L Least Carpet Idaea vulpinaria atrosignaria 70.004 1699 M P P P P P P P L Dotted Border Wave Idaea sylvestraria 70.010 1701 M E E E E E NRR E L Balsam Carpet Xanthorhoe biriviata 70.050 1721 M M P P E NRR P E P P L Ruddy Carpet Catarhoe rubidata 70.057 1735 M M P P P P P P P P L Juniper Carpet Thera juniperata 70.082 1771 M P P P P P P P P L Blomer's Rivulet Discoloxia blomeri 70.116 1872 M E E P E E E E L Drab Looper Minoa murinata 70.117 1878 X X H B H E E E E NRR E L Argent and Sable Rheumaptera hastata 70.120 1787 X X H A H E E E E E E E E L Barberry Carpet Pareulype berberata 70.124 1785 F X X H A H H E E E E E E E E L Dentated Pug Anticollix sparsata 70.129 1863 M M P P P E E NRR E L Yarrow Pug Eupithecia millefoliata 70.186 1841 M P P P P P P P P L Little Thorn Cepphis advenaria 70.221 1901 M E E E E E L Horse Chestnut Pachycnemia hippocastanaria 70.225 1905 M E E E E E E E L Large Thorn Ennomos autumnaria 70.232 1911 M M P P P P P P P L Ringed Carpet Cleora cinctaria 70.263 1939 M E E NRR E E E E L Essex Emerald Thetidia smaragdaria 70.301 1668 E E E E E E E L Light Orange Underwing Archiearis notha 70.304 1672 M M NRR P P E P P P L Buttoned Snout Hypena rostralis 72.004 2480 H H P P P P P P P P L Water Ermine Spilosoma urticae 72.021 2062 M P P E P E E E L Red-necked Footman Atolmis rubricollis 72.042 2039 M P P P P P P P P L Orange Footman Eilema sororcula 72.049 2043 M M P P P P P P P P L Waved Black Parascotia fuliginaria 72.066 2475 M M P P P P P P P P L Light Crimson Underwing Catocala promissa 72.082 2454 X X H C H E E E E E E E L Scarce Burnished Brass Diachrysia chryson 73.011 2435 M E E E E E E L Striped Lychnis Shargacucullia lychnitis 73.057 2219 X X H B H E E E E E E E L Marbled Green Cryphia muralis 73.085 2295 M P P P E P E P L Webb’s Wainscot Archanara sparganii 73.134 2375 M P P P E P P P L Brighton Wainscot Oria musculosa 73.143 2378 X X H C H E E E E E E L Mere Wainscot Chortodes fluxa 73.145 2349 M M P P P E P P E P L Dotted Chestnut Conistra rubiginea 73.197 2260 M P P P P P P P P L Orange Upperwing Jodia croceago 73.199 2257 X X H C H E E E E E L Angle-striped Sallow Enargia paleacea 73.211 2313 M E E E E E E E L Silvery Arches Polia trimaculosa 73.260 2149 M E E E E E L Bordered Gothic Heliophobus reticulata ssp. marginosa 73.277 2153 X X H C H H P E NRR E NRR NRR E L Norfolk: immigrant record Double Line Mythimna turca 73.288 2191 H E E E E E E P L Mathew’s Wainscot Mythimna favicolor 73.292 2200 M E P E P E E E L Coast Dart Euxoa cursoria 73.311 2083 M P P E P E E E L Light Feathered Rustic Agrotis cinerea 73.316 2084 M PO PO NRR P P P E L Sand Dart Agrostis ripae 73.323 2093 M P P E P E E E L White-marked Cerastis leucographa 73.337 2140 M NRR PO P P P L Stout Dart Spaelotis ravida 73.349 2113 E E E E E E E L Great Brocade Eurois occulta 73.350 2137 M P P P P P P P P L Square-spotted Clay Xestia rhomboidea 73.354 2131 H H P P P P P P P L Small Black Arches Meganola strigula 74.001 2075 M E E E PO E E E L Kent Black Arches Meganola albula 74.002 2076 M P P E E E E P L Cream-bordered Green Pea Earias clorana 74.011 2418 M M P P P P P P P P L
Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981) status: F = full protection; P = partial protection (sale only). UK BAP and national legislative conservation status: X = listed; E? = probably extinct. BC UK Threat Priority: H = High Priority; M = Medium Priority; L = Low Priority; R = Research. BC Conservation Priority: A = Action urgent across UK range; B = Action less urgent across UK range, but may be required at the country/regional level; C = Action less urgent, but may be required at the landscape/site level. Also includes species with poorly understood autecology. Regional Action Plan (RAP) Priority: H = High Priority; M = Medium Priority. County status notes: P = Present post-2000 (more widespread than a few sites); PO = No records post-2000 but may still be resident; P? = Present post-2000 but breeding status doubtful; UNC = Uncommon; E = Extinct; NRR = No recent records post-2000; RR = Recent record; R = Record; LR = Year last record; FR = Year first record; UC = status uncertain; V = Vagrant. County data supplied by or extracted from: Norfolk Moths website; Suffolk Moths website; Essex Field Club website; Huntingdon Moth and Butterfly Moth Group website; Northamptonshire Moth Group website; John & Brenda Ward (2015) The Larger Moths of Northamptonshire and Soke of Peterborough 2015; Andy and Melissa Banthorpe, (Bedfordshire Moth Recorders); Andrew Wood (Hertfordshire Moth Group); Colin Plant (2008) Moths of Hertfordshire. Regional Conservation Strategy (RCS) Threat Priority: H = High Priority; M = Medium Priority; L = Low Priority. Regional Conservation Strategy (RCS) Conservation Priority: A = Action urgent across all occupied landscapes/sites; B = Action necessary in some occupied landscapes/sites; C = Action less urgent regionally but may be necessary in some landscapes/sites. FIGURE 1: EAST ENGLAND REGIONAL CONSERVATION STRATEGY PRIORITY LANDSCAPES AND SITES MAP TABLE 3: EAST ENGLAND REGIONAL CONSERVATION STRATEGY PRIORITY LANDSCAPES
Branch Norfolk Suffolk Cambridgeshire & Essex Beds & North Herts & Mid High Priority Landscape X X X X X X X X X X X X Priorty Landscape X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Landscape Number 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 70 71 72 73
Landscape name
West Norfolk Heathlands West Norfolk Coast North Norfolk Holt Ridge Heaths North Norwich Fens) Waveney (inc. Norfolk Broads Strip Coastal North East Channel Cut Off The Brecks (Norfolk) The Brecks (Suffolk) Suffolk Coast and Heaths Ipswich Heaths Essex Sea Wall & Coastal Grasslands Essex Heaths South East Essex Woodlands Langdon Hills East Anglian Chalk Elm Belt Cambridgeshire Fen Great Cambridgeshire Forest Rockingham Yardley-Whittlewood Ridge Bedfordshire Greensand Ridge (Bedforshire Vale Marston Brownfields) (Bedfordshire) The Chilterns (Hertfordshire) The Chilterns Chalk North Herts East Herts Brownfields Fringe Urban London North West High Priority Butterflies (Conservation Priority A) Wood White H H E E E Heath Fritillary H Duke of Burgundy H E E Black Hairstreak H H H H Silver-studded Blue H H H H High Priority Butterflies (Conservation Priority B) Dingy Skipper H E H H H H H H H H H H H E E Grizzled Skipper H E E H H E H H H H H H H H H E H E Chequered Skipper E Swallowtail H Wall H H H H H E E H H H E E E E E E Small Blue E H H H H Medium Priority Butterflies Grayling M M M M M M M M E E Dark Green Fritillary M M M M M M M M White Admiral M M M M M M M M M M M M M M E M M M Purple Emperor M M M M M M M M M Large Copper E Brown Hairstreak E E White-letter Hairstreak M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M Chalk Hill Blue M M M M M M High Priority Moths (Conservation Priority A only) Syncopacma albipalpella H Coleophora hydrolapathella H Coleophora tricolor H H Scythris siccella H H Grapholita pallifrontana H H Goat Moth H H H H H H H ? H H Large Red-belted Clearwing H H H Forester H H H Lace Border H Tawny Wave H H H H H False Mocha H H H H H Chalk Carpet H H H H Marsh Carpet H H Lead-coloured Pug H Scarce Pug H Grey Carpet H H Barred Tooth-striped H H H V-Moth H H Sloe Carpet H H H Small Chocolate-tip H Scarce Vapourer H Silver Barred Four-spotted H H Marbled Clover H H Fisher's Estuarine Moth H White-mantled Wainscot H Concolorous H H H H White-spotted Pinion H H H Heart Moth H H H Lunar Yellow Underwing H H H H H H H
Total High Priority Butterflies 3 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 2 4 4 2 3 4 3 2 1 1 Total Medium Priority Butterflies 2 4 4 2 1 2 0 4 4 3 3 1 3 0 1 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 4 5 4 2 5 Total High Priority Moths (A only) 7 1 2 2 3 0 0 11 12 6 3 2 4 0 1 2 2 4 4 5 0 1 1 1 2 1 0 Total Priority Species 12 6 8 5 6 3 2 17 17 11 7 4 7 1 3 6 5 8 11 12 4 6 9 9 8 4 6
Key to species status E Extinct R Re/introduced ? Status uncertain
Key to conservation delivery progress Unknown
No conservation delivery: e.g. occasional recording of target species; target species monitored on few sites.
Limited conservation delivery: e.g. co-ordinated surveys undertaken enabling distribution of target species across the landscape to be mapped; co-ordinated monitoring undertaken across several sites, enabling assessment of target species abundance trends; management advice provided on some sites; recovery management implemented on some sites (e.g. work parties).
Full conservation delivery: e.g. co-ordinated monitoring programme established on many sites enabling assessment of target species abundance trend and effectiveness of conservation action; management advice given to landowners across whole site networks; co-ordinated programme of recovery management implemented across whole site networks; long-term sustainable management (e.g. agri-environment schemes) implemented across sites. TABLE 4: EAST ENGLAND REGIONAL CONSERVATION STRATEGY OTHER PRIORITY SITES
Branch Cam & Ess HM Site Number 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Site Name
Stour Wood Copperas Wood Epping Forest Chippenham Fen Wicken Fen Hatfield Forest Hampstead Heath Medium Priority Butterflies Dark Green Fritillary M White Admiral M M M M Purple Emperor M M White-letter Hairstreak M M M M M M High Priority Moths (Conservation Priority A only) Goat Moth H H Tawny Wave H H Small Chocolate Tip H Silver Barred H H Concolorous H H White-spotted Pinion ? ?
Total High Priority Butterflies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Medium Priority Butterflies 2 2 3 1 1 3 1 Total High Priority Moths (A only) 1 1 0 3 4 0 0 Total Priority Species 3 3 3 4 5 3 1
Key to species status E Extinct R Re/introduced ? Status uncertain
Key to conservation delivery progress Unknown
No conservation delivery: e.g. occasional recording and/or monitoring of target species.
Limited conservation delivery: e.g. co-ordinated monitoring enabling assessment of target species abundance trends; some management advice provided; some recovery management implemented.
Full conservation delivery: e.g. co-ordinated monitoring enabling assessment of target species abundance trends and effectiveness of conservation action; regular management advice provided; co-ordinated programme of recovery management implemented; long-term sustainable management (e.g. agri-environment schemes) implemented. TABLE 5: EAST ENGLAND REGIONAL CONSERVATION STRATEGY PRIORITY ACTIONS
Common Name RCSThreat EastEngland 2016-25 Priority RCS Conservation EastEngland 2016-25 Priority RCSSpecies EastEngland RecoveryCurve2016 Stage Survey Monitoring Research BespokeManagement ManagementMosaic led Staff stafffrom Input led Volunteer Comment High and Medium Priority Butterflies Wood White H A 4 X Heath Fritillary H A 3/4 X Duke of Burgundy H A 4 X Black Hairstreak H A 4 X Silver-studded Blue H A 4 X X
Dingy Skipper H B 3/4 X X Trial management: brownfields Grizzled Skipper H B 3/4 X X Trial management: brownfields Chequered Skipper H B 2 X X Research trial re-introduction in England Wall H B 2 X X Research causes of decline Small Blue H B 4 X
Swallowtail M C 4 X Grayling M C 3 X X X Research autecology: climate change; trial management: heathland Dark Green Fritillary M C 4 X White Admiral M C 2 X X Research autecology: climate change; trial management: woodland Purple Emperor M C 4 X Large Copper M C 2 X Research re/introduction potential Brown Hairstreak M C 4 X X White-letter Hairstreak M C 3 X X X X Data deficient Chalk Hill Blue M C 2/4 X X Research causes of decline in parts of range High Priority Moths (Conservation Priority A only) Syncopacma albipalpella H A 2 X X X S Possibly now extinct; not seen since 2012; encourage survey; liaise with interested parties as appropriate Coleophora hydrolapathella H A 3 X X X S Increase survey effort; attempt to establish a monitoring programme at key sites; liaise with site managers Coleophora tricolor H A 4 X X S Maintain survey effort; liaise with site managers & encourage site management Scythris siccella H A 3 X S V Undertake surveys to determine if present in Suffolk; no management pref at this stage as not found in region recently Grapholita pallifrontana H A 3 X X X S Undertake surveys to assess status in Essex & Herts, liaise with site managers Goat Moth H A 2 X X X V Undertake surveys to assess status in Northants & Herts; liaise with site managers Large Red-belted Clearwing H A 1 X X X V Undertake surveys to assess status, targeting North Norwich Heaths landscape; liaise with site managers Forester H A 2 X X X X S Maintain survey effort; liaise with site managers & encourage site management Lace Border H A 1 X X X S V Undertake surveys to assess status in Norfolk; liaise with site managers Tawny Wave H A 1 X X X X S Maintain survey effort; liaise with site managers & encourage site management False Mocha H A 2 X X X X S Undertake surveys to assess status in Northants & Suffolk; research autecology; liaise with site managers Chalk Carpet H A 2 X X X V Maintain survey effort; liaise with site managers/owners Marsh Carpet H A 2 X X X S Undertake surveys to assess status in Cambridgeshire, start habitat creation & ditch management; liaise with site managers Lead-coloured Pug H A 2 X X X S Undertake surveys to assess status in Essex; liaise with site managers & encourage site management Scarce Pug H A 2 X X X X S Increase survey effort; autecological research; liaise with site managers Grey Carpet H A 4 X X X S Maintain survey effort; liaise with site managers & encourage site management Barred Tooth-striped H A 3 X X X X S Maintain survey effort; liaise with site managers & encourage site management V-Moth H A 1 X X X S V Undertake surveys to assess status and to establish larval foodplant preferences in Norfolk and Suffolk Sloe Carpet H A 2 X X X X S V Undertake surveys to assess status in Essex; research autecology; liaise with site managers/owners Small Chocolate-tip H A 1 X X X X V Undertake surveys to assess status; liaise with site managers Scarce Vapourer H A 2 X X S Encourage survey to establish status and distribution; liaise with site managers Silver Barred H A 1 X X X S Liaise with site managers Four-spotted H A 2 X X X X S Undertake surveys to assess status in Cambridgeshire; autecological research; liaise with site managers/owners Marbled Clover H A 1 X X X X S Maintain NE led survey effort; liaise with site managers & encourage site management Fisher's Estuarine Moth H A 4 X X X X S V Maintain NE led effort in Essex; provide support as required White-mantled Wainscot H A 2 X X X X V Increase survey effort; liaise with site managers; autecological research to determine habitat preferences Concolorous H A 2 X X X S Undertake surveys to assess status in Northants; liaise with site managers & encourage site management White-spotted Pinion H A 4 X X X X S Undertake surveys to assess status in Essex and possibly Suffolk; maintain survey effort in other counties; liaise with site managers Heart Moth H A 2 X X X S Undertake surveys to assess status in Northants; liaise with site managers Lunar Yellow Underwing H A 4 X X X X S Maintain survey effort; liaise with site managers & encourage site management
Species Recovery Curve Stages: 1 Status assessment; 2 Diagnosis; 3 Solution testing; 4 Recovery management; 5 Sustainable management. Survey: Improved surveying requiring to assess range and distribution trends. Monitoring: Improved monitoring required to assess population trends. Research: To improve autecological knowledge, identify causes of decline and assess potential habitat management solutions. Bespoke management: Habitat management tailored to meet specific ecological requirements of the target species. Mosaic management: Generic or best practice habitat management which integrates the ecological requirements of a suite of species.