University District Comprehensive Plan
Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/Graduate Program in City & Urban Planning/University of Memphis
In Partnership with: City of Memphis University District Inc. University Neighborhood Development Corporation University of Memphis University District Business Alliance Highland Area Renewal Corporation section page section
niversity istrict omprehensive lan i U D C P Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis List ofMaps Sections Table ofContents 2.10: Public High Schools 2.10 Public Middle Schools 2.8: ElementarySchools 2.7: University DistrictMATA Routes Bus 2.6: University DistrictBike andPedestrian Facilities 2.5: Area Roads 2.4: Greater University Area CensusTract Boundaries 2.3: Structure andLotCondition 2.2: Current Zoning 2.1: LandUse 1.3: University District 1.2: Greater University Area 1.1: StudyArea Location References Appendix IV: ImplementationStrategies III: Vision2030 II: EvaluationofConditionsandTrends I: Introduction Section IVAppendix Section IIIAppendix Section IIAppendix Section ...... 18 12 91 39 30 67 66 65 63 60 57 13 55 54 50 87 77 40 4 8 6 5 List ofTables 3.1: VisionRealized 2.13: Drainage andSoil Types 2.12: Fire andPolice Stations 2.11: Public Parks 2.16: University Area Traffic Counts 2.15: Public Property 2.14: University DistrictHousingTenure 2.13: Owner-Occupied MedianHomeValues 2.12: Poverty Rate 2.11: MedianHouseholdIncome 2.10: Area Occupation 2.9: Occupation andEmployment 2.8: EducationalAttainment 2.7: AgeofPopulation by Percentage Share 2.6: Percentage ofSingleParent Households 2.5: Percentage Children ofHouseholdsWith 2.4: Yearly HouseholdTurnover 2.3: Average HouseholdSize 2.2: Total Households 2.1: StudyArea Population Change 4.3: Zoning ChangesUnderUnified Development Code 4.2: Zoning UnderUnified Development Code 4.1: Zoning Changes ...... 58 56 49 48 47 46 46 45 44 43 43 42 41 41 40 12 34 32 29 25 76 71 69 List ofPhotographsandIllustrations Table ofContents Cox, NateFerguson, MelissaPearce Galloway, StanHyland,Terry Langlois,CharlesLee, MarkMatheny,Peter Moon,TommyPacello, Gene Red Acres 3.11: Cooper-Young Trestle 3.10: Park andArboretum System 3.9: Artist’s Rendering ofLifestyle Centers 3.8: Utilities 3.7: Police Presence 3.6: Orange MoundCommunity Garden 3.5: HighlandLibrary 3.4: Bicycle Issues 3.3: LackofSidewalks 3.2: Pedestrian Traffic Commercial3.1: Blighted 2.18: Police andFire Assets 2.17: PrimaryandSecondary Schools people fortheircontinuing commitmenttothedevelopmentofthisplan: MairiAlbertson,MaryBaker,SteveBarlow,Ann Coulter,David The ComprehensivePlanning StudioConsultingTeamwouldliketothank theresidentsandbusinessownersofUniversity District community fortheirinvolvement inandsupportofthecomprehensiveplanning process.Weareespeciallygratefultothe following ...... Pearson, Tony Poteet,CynthiaPuljic, FranRiley,CourtneySanto andAndrewTrippel...... 70 64 52 28 27 26 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 20 page section
University District Comprehensive Plan Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis section Introduction i he purpose of the University Communities Focus Area, suggested to Comprehensive Planning Studio consult- District Comprehensive Plan Professor Gene Pearson, then director ing team and submitted to the partners T(UDCP) is to provide a commu- of the University’s Graduate Program in for review, modification and final nity based policy and development guide City & Regional Planning, on behalf of approval. The finalized plan would be for the University Neighborhood Partner- the University Neighborhood Partner- presented to the Memphis City Council ship, which includes the following: ship, that a comprehensive plan be for adoption as the official University prepared for the University District. District Comprehensive Plan. n City of Memphis During subsequent meetings with Study Area n University District, Incorporated University District community organiza- (UDI), representing six tions, City of Memphis officials, and key The University District study area is neighborhood associations neighborhood stakeholders, it became located in Shelby County, Tennessee, as shown on Map 1.1 (opposite page). n University Neighborhood clear that the various stakeholders The Comprehensive Plan reviews data Development Corporation (UNDC) sought a long-range plan that would capitalize upon the presence of the and analyzes existing conditions at three n The University of Memphis University and unite all groups in a area levels: the County, the Greater n University District Business Alliance shared vision for the University District. University Area, and the University (UDBA) It was determined that a comprehen- District study area. sive plan would be developed for the n Highland Area Renewal Corporation Greater University Area University Neighborhood Partnership, The consulting team defined a larger
lan (HARC) who would in turn seek formal approval service area for the University District P The Comprehensive Plan draws upon of the Plan from the Memphis’ legislative study area, referred to as the Greater previous research and studies; analysis and administrative bodies. University Area (GUA). Within the of existing conditions; and the goals The consulting team, comprised of GUA are institutions of higher education, and objectives of the University area Professor Pearson and students from K-12 schools, retail centers, arts and stakeholders. the Program’s Comprehensive Planning cultural institutions, and other commu- omprehensive The University District Comprehensive Studio conceptualized a three-phase nity facilities and services. C Plan has been prepared by the planning process to produce a draft The GUA includes all census tracts Comprehensive Planning Studio plan by December 2007 and scheduled adjacent to those census tracts compris- Consulting Team/Graduate Program in community meetings following the
istrict ing the University District study area. As City & Regional Planning/University of completion of each phase to present the
D Map 1.2 shows (on page 6), the general Memphis. consulting team’s findings to community boundaries of the GUA are Summer Adoption of the Plan residents and partner stakeholders. Avenue and Sam Cooper Boulevard to the north; Mendenhall, Perkins In spring 2007, Dr. Stan Hyland, The partners agreed the initial draft niversity of the plan would be prepared by the and Cherry Roads to the east; I-240,
U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis chair of the University’s Strengthening page page page Study Area section Kimball Street and Airways Boulevard and bounded by Walnut Grove Rd., neighborhood associations and these i to the south; and East Parkway to the Goodlett Street, Poplar Avenue and six associations are represented at the west. Most of the GUA was developed Highland Street. University District level by the University in the early to middle 20th century District, Inc. (UDI). Businesses in the n University Area located in the during Memphis’ eastward expansion. center of the study area and area are represented by the University Since then, some retail commercial and bounded by Poplar Avenue, District Business Alliance (UDBA) and residential infill development, as well as Goodlett Street, Southern Avenue, the University Neighborhood Develop- institutional expansion, has occurred; and Highland Street. ment Corporation (UNDC) coordinates however, much of the original neighbor- economic and community development hood/subdivision design and infrastruc- n Normal Station located in the efforts in the University District. The ture remains unchanged. southeast corner of the study area Highland Area Renewal Corporation and bounded by Southern Avenue, (HARC) is a faith based service agency University District Study Area Goodlett Street, Park Avenue, and dedicated to enhancing the quality of The University District study area is Highland Street. bounded by Walnut Grove Road and life in the area. Poplar Avenue to the north; Goodlett n Messick-Buntyn Historic Background District located in the southwest Street to the east; Park Avenue on The University and the surrounding corner of the study area and the south; and Semmes, Greer, and neighborhoods have, in a very real bounded by Southern Avenue, Lafayette Streets to the west. The sense, grown up together. The ability of Highland Street, Park Avenue and most notable feature of the University the University District to capitalize upon lan Semmes Street. District is the location of The University the unique resources of the University P of Memphis’ Main Campus in the center n East Buntyn located on the may be the hallmark of this University- of the study area and its Park Avenue western side of the study area community relationship for the next Campus on the southernmost edge of and bounded by Central Avenue, century. the study area (see Map 1.3, University Greer Street, Central Avenue and District on page 8). At 363 acres, the Highland Street. Neighborhood History University is the largest land owner The railroad and the University omprehensive in the University District. In 2007 the n Joffre situated in the northwest- have been a tremendous influence C University’s enrollment was 20,379 , ern portion of the study area on the physical development of the and approximately 2,750 people were and bounded by Poplar Avenue, University District area throughout its istrict employed by the University. Highland Street, Central Avenue history. The first railroad line through and Lafayette Street. the neighborhood, the LaGrange and D Six neighborhoods comprise the Memphis Railroad, was chartered by the University District area as follows: The University District area and its individual neighborhoods are all State of Tennessee in 1835. In 1846,
n Red Acres located on the north- represented by formally organized the Memphis and Charleston Railroad niversity
ernmost boundary of the study area acquired the property and assets of the U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page page Background section LaGrange and Memphis Railroad. In Walker just past Patterson Street (Rea, approximately 2,500 students over the i 1898, this was acquired by Southern 1984, p. 103). next 4 years. Railway Company, its’ present-day Memphis’ eastward expansion met up Additional students created a need for owner (Tille, 1979). The railroad’s estab- with the developing Buntyn and Normal additional teaching and housing facilities lishment of Buntyn Station, near today’s neighborhoods in the early 1920s. and the University acquired approxi- Memphis Country Club, and Normal Substantial growth occurred through- mately 104 acres of land adjacent to Depot, which was located on the north out the University District area in the the original campus between 1960 and side of the tracks across Walker Avenue first half of the 20th century. In 1949, 1972. More students meant more traffic from the University’s Alumni Mall, Lowenstein’s East opened at Poplar and a higher demand for rental housing encouraged commercial and residential Plaza, anchoring a massive new retail surrounding the campus, as well as an land uses around the stations in the late development. Also in the late 1940s, increase in demand for retail services in 1800s. In the 1920s, commercial land Normal Depot was sold to the University the area. The University’s growth leveled use grew along Highland Street and and the Memphis trolley extension to off after 1972. much of the neighborhood commercial campus was closed. development near the stations either University Neighborhood withered away or moved to the Highland By 1960, residential development of Partnership Street area. the University District was generally Over the past 20 years, universities complete (Memphis and Shelby County nation-wide have begun using univer- In 1909, Tennessee’s General Assembly Office of Planning and Development, sity-community partnerships to more established the West Tennessee State 1982). However, the University District’s effectively integrate their campuses lan Normal School on an 80 acre site at largest resident was preparing to grow and institutional goals with surround- P the eastern edge of the city. Southern dramatically. During the presidency of ing communities. The University of Railways constructed a “stub” track to Cecil C. Humphreys, Memphis State Memphis, while very active in many carry constructions materials for the University, as it had come to be called, parts of the community, saw that it administration building to the site (Rea, would experience a 245.9 percent could play an active role in building the 1984, p. 99) and began construction
increase in students — the second capacity of the University District and omprehensive on Normal Depot on Walker Avenue.
highest in the country. The school working with residents on redevelop- C Construction on the school and the enrolled 4,937 for the 1959-1960 ment issues, while fulfilling its mission depot was completed in the fall of 1912 academic year; by 1972, enrollment as a metropolitan engaged university. and on September 12, 1912, the Normal would exceed 21,000 students. In 1965 In 2006, the University Neighborhood istrict School opened. Eventually, the Memphis alone, the University enrolled 2,500 Partnership was created as a partnership D Street Railway extended the trolley car students over the previous year (Sorrels, between The University of Memphis, line out to the Normal School campus 1987, p. 9). In contrast, the University’s neighborhood groups, and public and and installed a turn-around loop north of current growth plan seeks to add private entities to support economic and social development in the University niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page page section section i
10 University District Comprehensive Plan Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis were prioritized by theparticipants, their neighborhoods. Theseresponses they wouldlike toseeinthefuture for their neighborhoods,as wellaswhat list whattheyliked anddisliked about meeting where attendees were asked to community residents attended thefirst on HighlandSt.) Approximately 150 at St.Luke’s MethodistChurch United 2007. public (All meetingswere held a community meetingonOctober16, ment. Thisanalysiswas presented at the University Districtanditsdevelop existing studiesandresearch about tion dataandreviewed avariety of demographic, housingandtransporta and property survey, condition analyzed teamconductedalanduse consulting Planning Process Memphis. borhoods surrounding TheUniversity of urban designandsafety issuesinneigh comprehensively address social,health, neighborhoodorganizationswith to Memphis andShelby County have joined and representatives from theCity of &FinanceandStudentAffairs,Business from every seniorstaff college, from of TheUniversity ofMemphis,faculty Communities Focus Area. Office ofthe Provost’s Strengthening District. ThePartnership grew outofthe Planning Process In Under theauspicesofPresident Phase I:ExistingConditions , the - - - Goals andPoliciesforFuture basis for theplan. existing conditionsdatatoform the recorded, and synthesized the with the partners. quently reviewed and finalized by teaminFallconsulting 2007andsubse Comprehensive Plandeveloped by the integrated intothePlan. fromcollected meetingparticipantsand sive plan’s vision. Again,feedback was for implementationofthecomprehen involved developing recommendations The third phaseofthedesignprocess community onDecember11,2007. mentation University District. long-term visionfor the designs todevelop acomprehensive teamusedtheresidents’consulting their ownvisionfor thefuture. The District basemapsandasked todesign members were given blankUniversity on November 13,2007. Community II was presented tothecommunity recommended goalsandpolicies Phase that shapedtheconsultingteam’s the development ofguidingprinciples place provided theoverarching visionfor in PhaseI.Thecreation ofasense Growth Phase II:Vision2030—Principles, This documentistheUniversity District Phase III:StrategiesforImple addressed theissuesidentified was presented tothe
- - - subjected toadistrict plan update. by theUniversity outsidethezone be District zone andthatany developments rezoned toaCollegeandUniversity Memphis StateUniversity campusbe including arecommendation thatthe to address theseissueswere made, impacting thisimage.Recommendations commercial stripareas were negatively of thearea as“positive,” suggested it describedtheoverallwhile it image areaconflicts; traffic congestion;and, severalidentified landuseandzoning included intheUDCP. below, nonecovers ofthearea all Previous Studies Both the Both The 1982University DistrictPlan n n n Of previous plansandstudieslisted 2007. the Tennessee ofRegents Board in Campus MasterPlan The 2006. adopted by theUNDCboard in commissioned by theUNDCand The opment (OPD)in1982. County Office ofPlanning&Devel produced by theMemphis/Shelby The University ofMemphis Highland AreaMasterPlan University DistrictPlan Highland Area Master , adoptedby
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Organization of Report section Plan (2006) and the University’s The final section (Section IV) focuses i Campus Master Plan (2007) consider on implementation strategies through the importance of quality development which the vision will be realized includ- and redevelopment in the University ing finance, regulation, and organization area. In particular, the plans consider components. the appearance, types of uses, and The appendix includes additional infor- integration of community at the edge of mation from Section II, Section III and the campus. The plans call for renewed Section IV. These appendices include interest in the university-community detailed supporting documentation for relationship and recognition of their the ideas presented in the referenced reciprocal influence. section. Organization of Report It is important to note that this Plan This plan is divided into three sections alone will not be sufficient as the final that parallel the three planning phases guide to future development in the identified above. The next chapter University District. Further studies must examines the existing conditions of the be undertaken to reach the desired University District. Included in Section outcomes, which are outlined in the II is an analysis of land uses, zoning final chapter. The University District conflicts, demographic and housing Comprehensive Plan should also be lan data, transportation infrastructure, updated periodically and should be P community facilities, and property and combined with the process of updating environmental conditions. This section, the Campus Master Plan. along with the input from the first community meeting, lays the founda-
tion on which the principles, goals and omprehensive
policies are formed. C Section III of the Plan outlines the principles, goals and policies to guide future growth and development in the istrict University District. The principles create D an overarching vision to be realized through the implementation of certain
policies that aim to achieve niversity particular goals. U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 11 section Evaluations of Conditions and Trends ii n understanding of how a is contained in the appendix to this tion was 13,005 and the GUA population community has developed section. These conditions and trends was 64,741. Aenables more informed decision help determine where and how future Since 1960 the UD experienced a as to how it will change in the future. development might occur. decline in population with the only Studying past development and recent Population increase between 1990 and 2000. growth trends for the University District allows for a better analysis of any Population information is derived n Population in the UD and the GUA is potential weaknesses that should be from census tract data. Census tract expected to grow slightly between addressed and the identification of boundaries are generally synonymous 2006 and 2011. with the district’s established neighbor- available strengths, which should be n In census tracts experiencing popu- hood boundaries. (See Map 2.1, Greater built upon and expanded. What follows lation growth it is often associated University Area Census Tract Boundar- is a summary of the most relevant with an increase in multi-family ies) The Census Bureau estimates that conditions and trends in the University and/or elderly high rise units. District while a more detailed picture in 2006, the University District popula-
Table 2.1: Study Area Population Change % % % 2011 Change 2006 Change Change Geography 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 projec- 1990- estimate 2000- 2006-
lan tion 2000 2006 2011
P CT 29 (Red Acres) N/A 1,227 926 617 634 2.8% 636 0% 641 1% CT 70 (UANC) 3,748 3,575 3,681 3,940 3,831 -2.8% 3,680 -4% 3,573 -3% CT 72 (East Buntyn/ Joffree) 3,440 2,859 2,407 2,431 2,529 4.0% 2,453 -3% 2,397 -2% omprehensive CT 73 (Normal C Station) 2,817 2,564 4,078 2,451 3,709 51.3% 3,622 -2% 3,557 -2% CT 74 (Messick Buntyn) istrict 4,306 4,943 3,092 3,187 3,347 5.0% 3,250 -3% 3,184 -2%
D Total UD 14,311 13,941 13,258 12,626 14,050 11.3% 13,005 -7% 13,352 3% Total GUA 96,751 92,532 78,367 75,621 71,293 -5.7% 64,741 -9% 69,703 8% Total Shelby County 627,019 722,111 777,113 826,330 897,472 8.6% 910,291 1% 920,280 1% niversity Source: Demographic data © 2006 by Experian/Applied Geographic Solutions. © 2007 DemographicsNow U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 12 Map 2.4
page 13 section ii Evaluations of Conditions and Trends n The predominance of the student Housing goals established for the development population contributes to a smaller and quality of life in the district. A Single family residential is the predomi- household size, a higher turnover countywide review of zoning is currently nate housing type in the district with rate of households and a lower underway. A significant portion of the multi-family residential located primarily percentage of households without Messick-Buntyn neighborhood and the in the areas to the south and west of children than the rest of Shelby southern edge of East Buntyn is zoned the University Campus. County. for duplex uses and is at odds with the In 2000 there were 6,624 housing actual single family use and could pose a n The UD has approximately the units in the district. The median owner- same percentage of single parent destabilizing effect on the neighborhood occupied home value in the district was households as the rest of Shelby if residences are converted to two-family $87,762 in 2000, up 34% since 1990, County, with some variety in this units. with great variety of house cost within statistic by census tract. Property Conditions the district itself. n The University District differs The vast majority of buildings in the The concentration of students resulted greatly from the age composition of District are in sound condition. Most of in a lower percentage of homeowners in Shelby County and the GUA with a the environmental problems are caused the UD (44%) compared to the Shelby quarter of its residents between 18 by yards or lots that are not well main- County (58.8%) in 2006. and 24. (9.7% in Shelby County). tained or have accumulated litter. Land Use n The UD also has a higher (14.5% Property Ownership and Value lan compared to 10%) percentage of A parcel-by-parcel survey of the UD P A total of 630 acres (574 parcels), or was conducted during this planning people 65 or over. just over 37% of land, in the district are process to construct a land use map and n 22.3% of UD residents have at exempt from property taxes. The State a property and lot condition map for the least a Bachelor’s degree compared of Tennessee Board of Regents owns area. Map 2.1 shows the results of the to 16.4% countywide. 363 acres with the City of Memphis land use survey. A summary of land use being the second largest owner of tax omprehensive n The median household income for and property conditions for each of the exempt land. Individual private property C the UD was estimated at $34,082 six neighborhoods is contained in the values range from $50,000 in Messick for 2006, down 4.1% from 2000. appendix. Buntyn to over $250,000 in Red Acres n The UD median household income Zoning istrict and Grandview Heights. estimate for 2006 was 85% of D Current zoning is shown on Map 2.3 in Transportation the estimate countywide and is the appendix. The current zoning in the The UD is located in a prime area of expected to widen further. district is complex, has been cobbled the Memphis urban area and is no more n The UD poverty rate is consistent together over decades and may not
niversity than 15 minutes from any major origin with the county as a whole. adequately serve the principles and U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 14 section Evaluations of Conditions and Trends ii or destination for work, school, or health bike racks and bike support facilities are Libraries and recreational services. Road access located on and adjacent to campus. The Highland St. Library and the is superior and walking is easy except Central Library are located in the UD. Public Transit along major arterials. Bus service Memphis Area Transit Authority (MATA) The Highland St. Library service area is available. provides bus service throughout the UD includes the University Planning District and Orange Mound, Buntyn and Normal Streets and Roads and GUA. MATA currently has no plans There are several problem street to expand within the UD. Existing routes Station neighborhoods. The Central intersections in the area due to at-grade provide service Monday through Friday Library serves the Memphis metropolitan railroad crossings, alignment issues, etc. from early morning to late evening and area. The University of Memphis makes Most of the problems are associated some provide service on Saturday and some of its library resources available to with Southern Ave. and in particular Sunday. There is a gap in service along the general public. with the Southern and Walker intersec- Highland in the middle of the day. Parks tions at Highland and Patterson. A A Comprehensive Master Parks Plan Rail number of streets need MATA and the MPO acknowledge the was completed in 1999 for the Memphis paving maintenance. UD may be a candidate in the future for Park Service. The Memphis Metropolitan Planning light rail transit facilities and service. While there are only two city parks Organization (MPO) lists improvements The Southern Railway line that parallels within the University District, there are to Poplar Avenue and expansions to Southern Avenue is a heavily traveled several parks in the GUA that provide lan Southern Avenue in the long range freight rail line and has been a constant recreation areas for the population. The P transportation plan (2020-2026). source of physical and psychological parks located in the University District include Davis Park, which is located Sidewalks and Bikes division for the neighborhood, inhibiting A survey of sidewalks in the UD redevelopment and establishment of a adjacent to a community center and has was undertaken during the planning quality pedestrian environment. a lighted baseball field and a basketball court, and Galloway Golf Course, a process. A majority of the study area Community Facilities has sidewalks on at least one side of the public 18-hole golf course. The parks omprehensive street but walkability would be greatly Schools in the GUA that also serve residents of C improved with sidewalks on both sides The Memphis City School System the University District include East High of streets. Most sidewalks are in fair operates four elementary schools, four Sportplex, Chickasaw Lake in Chicksaw condition but extensive curb cuts on middle schools and two high schools Gardens, Audubon, Tobey, Avon and istrict Park Avenue and Highland negatively that serve area students but only one of Howze Park. East High Sportplex D impact pedestrian safety. them, Campus School is located within contains a track and athletic field as district boundaries. Two private elemen- well as playground equipment. Audubon Two recreational bike routes are taries operate as well. provides a lighted softball field, a soccer located in the GUA. The majority of field, a walking trail, 12 tennis courts, niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 15 section ii Evaluations of Conditions and Trends and an 18-hole golf course. Tobey Park Voice and Data Services Sewer has multiple ball fields. There is a ball BellSouth and Comcast are the The existing sewer lines within the field, basketball court, and play equip- principal providers for voice and data University District were designed to ment located in Avon Park. Howze Park services. Both voice and data services accommodate a mixture of uses and includes a ball field and a are available to the entire area. have functioned well over the 50 or swimming pool. Zayo offers a dedicated internet access more years they have been in operation. The University contains a good deal (DIA) for businesses and internet service Many areas in the study area have been of open space in the center and on the providers (ISP) wishing to maintain high developed or are being redeveloped to edges of campus that is available for levels of data services. include uses that generate more waste public use (see Map 2.11 in appendix). water than was originally anticipated. Water Moreover, the sewer lines have not Fire and Police The Sheahan Pumping Station serves kept up with this growth and therefore The UD is served by the Memphis the University District’s water needs by may not have the available capacity for Police Department and parts of the pumping water to various businesses, additional development. institutions, and residences. It has a University District have additional Gas coverage by the University Police. The capacity to pump 35 million gallons of water per day. However, on average, it Existing gas infrastructure within the Memphis Fire Department has the sole University District is currently function- fire fighting jurisdiction over the UD. pumps approximately 21 million gallons of water per day, with peak usage ing under capacity, operating at 29.1 percent of its capacity. The system is lan Utilities occurring during summer months.
P designed to operate under winter condi- Electric The University of Memphis Groundwa- tions, the time during which it receives Memphis Light Gas and Water is ter Institute works in conjunction with its peak demand. the study area’s provider for electric the water division of Memphis Light The University Campus service. The utility company indicates Gas and Water (MLGW) to monitor that all property is served, that most the condition of the neighborhood’s University campus facilities are gener-
omprehensive electric lines are above ground and water supply. In addition, the Tennes- ally informally regarded as community
C that there are no major easements that see Department of Environment and facilities because many university-related would restrict future development. No Conservation has several divisions activities, such as theatre performances problems regarding capacity based on which monitor groundwater, including and speakers, are open to the public. istrict current usage rates have been identi- the Division of Remediation (DOR), the The level of activity at the University can D fied. There are no immediate plans for Division of Underground Storage Tanks be overwhelming for many community major electrical improvements to the (UST), and the Division of Solid Hazard- residents, especially if directional and Greater University Area or the University ous Waste Management (DSWM). event signage is not adequately supplied District at this time. by the University; and lack of parking niversity
U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis on the university’s campus can deter the page 16 section Evaluations of Conditions and Trends ii public from utilizing campus facilities. A located on Normal Street also has a With increased additions of impervious stronger university-community partner- considerable amount of open space surfaces, storm water runoff has created ship seeks to encourage public use of on the south side of the facility. These flooding problems during periods of university facilities, especially by local spaces are accessible to community heavy rain. To mitigate the increasing neighborhood residents. residents. The University has also been incidence of flooding in the Normal designated as an arboretum and its Station neighborhood, city engineers Arts & Culture The Art Museum of Memphis (AMOM) walking trail is an arboretum trail. increased the overall capacity of the Black Bayou drainage by removing is open Monday-Saturday, 9-5 and is Library Facilities free to the public. Theatre & Dance Several library facilities are open to the material from the Bayou’s bottom and performances are offered to the public. public. These include the McWherter by removing bridge pilings which were The minimum membership--Friend Library, the Music Library and the Law causing water backup during periods of of the U of M Theatre--is $50 per Library. Non-university patrons cannot intense runoff. year. Music recitals and performances check out books and internet access for Soils are offered to the public. The music non-University students, faculty or staff Soils comprise an important component department also conducts a Community is limited in all libraries. of any environmental survey. Soil prop- Music School, which offers adult and erties like texture, structure, or density Meeting Space children private and group lessons and The University has a variety of meeting play an important role in determining a summer camp. Fees are charged for spaces including the Fogelman Execu- the types of urban uses that are best participation in the Community tive Center, the FedEx Institute and the suited for that particular location. lan Music School. Michael D. Rose Theatre. These facilities Overall, there are few limitations in the P University District, due in large part to Sports & Recreation are made available to the public and The University’s Hyperplex facilities are fees are charged for the use of the the fact that the area has been urban- available to community residents on a facilities and services provided. ized for a number of years. The primary membership basis. A full membership soil types that can be found throughout Environmental Conditions the study area can be seen in map 2.13 is $720 per year. There is no indication omprehensive located in the appendix. that sports and recreation facilities are Drainage C available for community use other than The University District is primarily Both drainage and soil conditions through the purchase of a membership. located in the Black Bayou Drainage contribute to the overall capacity of infill
District which is part of the Nonconnah and redevelopment in the University istrict Public Open Space Basin. Poplar Avenue serves as the main D The University’s primary public spaces District. New development and improved ridge line with areas south draining into public right-of-way must consider rain- are located in front of McWherter the Nonconnah and land north eventu- Library and to the east of the Admin- water run-off and erosion as factors in ally draining into the Wolf River. (See future sustainability. istration Building. The Alumni Building map 2.13 in appendix.) niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 17 section Vision 2030 iii ision 2030 establishes the area’s cultural traditions. Sense of enhancement of landmarks partners’ future desires for place serves an important function in and neighborhoods. Vgrowth over the next two creating sustainable communities, since Diversity decades. With the exception of it attracts new residents replacing those The University District should offer a University-related land development, lost through normal out-migration and place with a multi-cultural atmosphere the University District has experienced encourages resident retention. and opportunities for those in all income relatively little commercial or residential Guiding Principles brackets and ages to live, learn, work development since the 1960s. The and recreate. 2007 University Campus Master Plan The partners and community residents indicates that future University growth seek a revitalized University District Connectivity is planned for the University West area that is walkable, well-connected and The University District should offer a between Patterson and Highland streets vibrant. A strong sense of place will be seamless integrated community that and on Southern Ave. between Minor shared by all neighborhood residents, encourages meaningful connections and Normal streets. Redevelopment of employees, and visitors through the between people and places. Pedestrian other portions of the University District application and integration of guiding walkways, bike friendly streets, and is anticipated and encouraged by the principles. An important aspect of this accessibility to multiple modes of trans- neighborhood associations. The UNDC unique sense of place is its heightened portation can enhance connectivity. board has adopted a master plan for level of attractiveness to highly creative individuals, who seek arts and culture, Urban Density the Highland corridor. Vision 2030 The University District should encour- lan recreation, entertainment and an invita- extends upon these plans and suggests age urban population densities that P tion to join the intellectual life of a a comprehensive vision and guiding creates vibrancy by maximizing the use university integrated with its community. principles for the area based on creating of infrastructure, supporting multiple The following are normative principles to a sense of place. modes of transportation, promoting guide decision-making that, if followed variety in housing options, increasing Sense of place refers to those char- by the UD Partners, will lead to growth acteristics that make the University successful commercial and retail uses
omprehensive and development commensurate with District a unique place to live and work. and conserving open space
C the vision set forth in this plan. Some of these characteristics may be Green Environment physical, such as building architecture, Identity The University District should neighborhood design or the University The University District should exhibit istrict demonstrate its commitment to the campuses. Other characteristics may a unique identity through its form,
D preservation and conservation of natural institutions, history and culture within be less tangible, such as the quality of resources in its built environment, definable boundaries. This may be life that the University District offers, neighborhood form and sustainable accomplished in part through the use the social networks developed by many living practices. of signature gateways, delineation niversity of the neighborhood residents or the
U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis of edges, integration of seams and page 18 section Vision 2030 iii Community Safety Life Long Learning code and anti-neglect ordinance. The University District should ensure The University District should be recog- Problem properties can be unsafe the comfort and safety in daily life, nizable as a place that offers life-long and/or visually undesirable, lead to a work and play of it residents, workers learning opportunities. This may include decline in the value of the property and and visitors. Innovative approaches encouraging the expansion/creation of its surrounding properties, encourage to community safety such as environ- accessibility to accredited learning for criminal activity and reduce the vitality mental design and community police early childhood development, primary and sustainability of a neighborhood. problem-solving techniques could and secondary education, higher educa- Because problem properties span the be utilized. tion, continuing education and older range of land uses, it is included as an adult enrichment. introductory issue for land development. Arts & Culture (Note: for a full description of goals and The University District should exhibit Land Development policy recommendations, please see the arts and cultural offerings of the Although the University Neighborhood Section iii of the appendix.) District as a way of enhancing the is a developed community, some of the area’s identity. Promoting the arts— form and function of this development is Land Development Issue: including public art, the University’s art not conducive to the long-term vision for Problem properties negatively impact the museum, the area’s cultural heritage the area. Redevelopment and revitaliza- University District and lead to decreased and a thriving entertainment tion influenced by the guiding principles property values. district-encourages development of a can capitalize upon opportunities and Goal
sense of place and vibrant community. lan reinforce community sustainability n Eliminate problem properties in the Urban Technology in future design. For example, strip University District and improve on- P The University District should encour- commercial development, particularly going maintenance of all properties. age a quality of life for residents and along Park Avenue between Highland St. and Getwell Rd., would benefit from Residential a competitive business environment Residential units within the sub-areas improved connectivity, an enhanced by promoting the development of high of the University District are generally
identity, and greater diversity. Goals and omprehensive performance infrastructure. consistent as to style, price and main-
policy recommendations for Residential, C tenance. However, conflicts exist which Partnership Commercial and Institutional land uses The University District should exemplify cause problems for future prosperity. are presented in this section. a strong university-community partner- Residential Issue (1): istrict ship. Mutually beneficial development Substandard property maintenance is
Large number of single family rental D one of primary issues confronting the and promotional opportunities should be units with lowered maintenance in University District. Neglected properties, explored as one way of emphasizing addition to scattered substandard or problem properties, are either vacant this partnership. housing and lots is creating instability
land or land with improvements, that niversity and lowered property values. are in violation of the City’s housing U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 19 section iii Vision 2030 Goal Residential Issue (5): unsustainable, come-and-go businesses n Attract single-family homeowners. Student housing choices are limited to that blemish the streetscape. campus-supplied housing or marginal Residential Issue (2): Commercial Issue: rental units lacking connectivity to the Multifamily rental housing is becoming Run down and neglected commercial University and/or University District marginally productive with resulting uses along Park and Highland discour- commercial, retail and recreational uses. maintenance and occupancy problems age pedestrian access and act as blight- negatively affecting single family land Goal ing influences on surrounding uses and quality of life. n Develop high density housing residential areas. adjacent to the University. Goal Goals n Ensure compatibility between Commercial n Promote vibrant and walkable multi-family and single Poplar Ave., Highland St. and Park commercial and mixed-use develop- family developments. Ave. serve not only as major transporta- ment in the University District. tion arterials, but also as locations for Residential Issue (3): n Develop pedestrian-friendly majority of the commercial uses in Duplex zoning over single family areas streetscapes in and around neigh- the University District. The community threatens stability for owner occupied borhood commercial areas. residents and stakeholders described housing. the condition of these commercial Goals uses as a liability to the neighborhood.
lan n Restore single-family zoning to Auto-oriented businesses dominate the
P single-family areas. commercial areas, and narrow, discon- n Encourage development of multi- nected sidewalks discourage family, townhome and condominium pedestrian access. housing options in Neglected commercial properties also appropriate locations. act as a blighting influence on the omprehensive Residential Issue (4): surrounding residential neighborhoods. C Overflow parking from the university These very same residents and stake- blocks residents’ access to their homes holders envisioned a South Highland and contributes to lowered Street with more dense, walkable istrict property values. commercial areas, geared towards D neighborhood residents, not just long- Photo 3.1-Blighted commercial area along Highland Street. (Source: Studio Photography) Goal distance commuters driving through n Encourage appropriate use of the neighborhood. They foresaw Park parking in University District. Avenue returned to its original resi- niversity
U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis dential use, free from the plethora of page 20 section Vision 2030 iii Institutional hoods offer accessibility to multiple Streets Issue (1): Land uses by religious and fraternal modes of transportation. Connectivity Major streets in the study area such as organizations have been affected by between neighborhoods is enhanced Central, Highland, and Southern discour- a shifting local demographic base, the and supports the development of a age non-motorized modes of trans- reorientation of fraternal organizations’ sense of place. A more diverse popula- portation and create barriers between role in today’s society, and declines in tion can be developed as residents find neighborhoods. resources distributed from regional and that alternate forms of transportation national affiliated organizations. support their lifestyle choices. In this Goals n Redevelop Southern, Highland and section, we address issues related to Institutional Issue: Central avenues as high-perfor- Streets, Sidewalks and Pedestrian Trails, Declining membership in religious mance streets that promote connec- Public transit and Bicycle Facilities by and fraternal organizations results tivity between neighborhoods. establishing goals and policies designed in less diversity and fewer to encourage multiple modes n Encourage significant pedestrian neighborhood anchors. of transportation. activity throughout the Goal University District. n Redevelop abandoned religious and Streets Streets provide the connectivity among Streets Issue (2): fraternal organization land uses District neighborhoods and serve as the Congestion on Park Ave. and Highland as community facilities or other dominant public use for automobiles, St. increases “pass-through” traffic in nonprofit uses. residential areas.
bicycles and pedestrians. lan Transportation Goal P Multiple modes of transportation n Preserve traditional street grid encourage reduced reliance upon system throughout the neighbor- the automobile as the primary form hood while discouraging pass- of transportation. A reduction in through external traffic. automobile traffic has positive effects Streets Issue (3): omprehensive including enhancing the walkability and Paved surfaces to support automotive C connectivity of the University District, traffic create a range of secondary improving air quality and reducing other impacts on the surrounding community negative environmental effects; creating istrict including increased surface runoff,
safer streets—especially in residential D flooding, and visual pollution. areas—and increasing the health and well-being of community residents by providing walkable routes as an alternative. Sustainable urban neighbor- Photo 3.2: Pedestrian traffic in a university setting niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 21 section iii Vision 2030 Goals Public Transit Goal n Decrease surface runoff from Public Transit Issue (1): n Provide safe and convenient bicycle impervious surfaces such as parking Distances between activity nodes accessibility to the University lots. discourage widespread use of commer- District. cial and public facilities in the n Improve visual impact of University District parking areas. University District. Sidewalks and Pedestrian Trails Goal n Improve intra-district public trans- portation to increase connectivity to neighborhood businesses, commu- nity facilities and the University. Public Transit Issue (2): There is a need to establish how light rail transit would work in conjunc- Photo 3.5: Current conditions make streets inac- tion with existing bus service or the cessible for recreational and commuter bikers. proposed neighborhood shuttle system (Source: Looney Ricks Kiss Architects, Inc.) when it becomes a viable mode of transportation. Community Facilities lan
P Photo 3.4: Lack of sidewalks creates safety Goal Community facilities provide a issues and reduces neighborhood walkability. n Establish a frequent and accessible vast array of services to community (Source: Studio Photography). multi-modal transit system within residents. Opportunities for life-long the University District that is linked learning, from early childhood devel- Sidewalks Issue: to proposed light rail corridors Residents of the University District opment programs to adult personal enrichment courses, can be offered
omprehensive indicate that many areas are not pedes- Bicycle Facilities Bicycle Facilities Issue: through schools and libraries. People are
C trian friendly, especially around the railroad tracks and along major streets. Streets and other public spaces discour- encouraged to make long-term commit- age the use of bicycles for transporta- ments to neighborhoods when these Goal resources are supplied. Local arts and istrict tion purposes and increase the number n Provide a safe, convenient and culture can also benefit from educational
D of barriers for both recreational and complete sidewalk systems commuter cyclists. facilities. Parks and other recreational throughout the University District. areas provide community meeting spaces, stimulate outdoor activities and
niversity contribute to a positive living environ- U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 22 section Vision 2030 iii ment. Access to health and wellness Goal n Expand the University arboretum facilities within neighborhood communi- n Establish quality pre-K through 12 into surrounding neighborhoods and ties enhances the livability of the area. public education in the create a walking trail system thaten- Community-oriented safety services and University District. courages neighborhood residents to programs more effectively respond to walk and explore the area. Libraries Issue: the needs of residents. Public utilities The main University library and the Health and Wellness. that can accommodate higher urban Highland branch of the Memphis library densities provide the structure needed system are not linked to maximize for revitalization and growth through access and resources to the real estate development. The Commu- University District nity Facilities section reviews those issues identified through data analysis Goal and community input and offers goals n Enhance linkages among libraries in and policies to expand accessibility to the University District. community facilities in the Parks and Recreation University District. Parks and Recreation Issue: Schools and Libraries There is a need for more neighborhood parks throughout the University District.
Vacant land interspersed throughout the Photo 3.6: Orange Mound Community Garden lan
area could be converted from liabilities marker. (Source: www.midsouthpeace.org) P that encourage the accumulation of trash and proliferation of illicit activities Several issues pertaining to health and into assets that are monitored wellness were uncovered during commu- and maintained by nity meetings. Some of these health neighborhood associations. related issues dealt with lack of access omprehensive
to primary care facilities. Others focused C Goals more on the preventative measures such Photo 3.5: Highland Library (Source: Studio n Utilize vacant lots for as exercise facilities, dietary advice, and Photography) community gardens. psychological well being. These issues istrict n Create an area along the Black were synthesized into the following two D Schools Issue: Bayou drainage way that invites use Health and Wellness Issues. There are limited public education facili- and improves area aesthetics. ties available within the Health and Wellness Issue (1): n Encourage robust
University District. While some minor medical facilities are niversity
neighborhood parks. located within the University District, the U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 23 section Vision 2030 iii overall lack of public medical care facili- University Police, and lack of involve- led to an increase in reinforcements for ties places burdens on aging residents ment in the community by the Memphis criminal activity. and residents lacking Police Department. The following issues dependable transportation. goals and policies address the concerns Goal n Utilize Crime Prevention through voiced by the neighborhood residents Goal Environmental Design (CPTED) n Promote coordinated and coop- techniques to reduce erative efforts among university criminal activity. and public and private medical Utilities resources to provide medical, dental, vision, and psychological therapeutic centers that are acces- sible for students and neighborhood residents. Health and Wellness Issue (2): Outlets for preventative medical treat- ment and exercise facilities operated Photo 3.7: The University District has double by the public and the University are not coverage of University Police and Memphis well known. Lack of improved bikeways Police. (Source: Studio Photography)
lan and walkways and the perception of
P lack of safety impede the walkability and Safety Issue (1): bikeability of streets and neighborhoods While the double coverage of University Photo 3.8-Location and configuration of utilities on Highland St. negatively impacts the commer- and decrease the likelihood of Police and Memphis Police Department cial area. (Source: Studio Photography) non-auto commuting. is a good asset and crime is the area is comparatively lower than in other parts Goal of the city there is a sense of lack of omprehensive n Promote the enhanced use of safety in the neighborhood. C wellness facilities. Utilities Issue: Goal Safety Providing crucial infrastructure is para- n Reduce crime and the perception of mount. The University Neighborhood istrict Personal safety was consistently crime in the University District. currently has access to adequate utilities D mentioned as a primary issue for Safety Issue (2): but evidence suggests some deficiencies citizens in the University District. Resi- Lack of good urban design has led to and opportunities for enhancements. dents concerns included violent and a lack of activity on the streets and a non-violent crime rates, lack of commu- lack of natural guardianship which has niversity
U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis nity policing, limited jurisdiction of the page 24 page 25 section iii Vision 2030 Goals character of existing housing and parking structures with new campus n Encourage underground utilities adjacent development. buildings. where appropriate. Similarly, market rate residential can Public/Private Mix – University n Maintain adequate electric, water provide a beneficial alternative use to This space could contain a combina- and gas service to the University the commercial and office conversions tion of market housing, offices, retail District. that dot the streetscape on Park and at sales/services, and University public the same time strengthen the residential facilities for a variety of age groups. This n Sanitary sewer service to the character of the neighborhoods. space is the critical location for blending University District should match the institutional functions with private for- community’s desired growth and profit activities. The two “public/private development. mix – university” areas present great n Position the University District to opportunities for the University to be a desirable location for compa- create partnerships, increase access to nies demanding state of the art technology and information resources, data services and for residents and help to foster a spirit of life-long needing wireless and improved data learning throughout the entire District. services. Surface parking in the University The Vision Realized District should be replaced by dual lan This section responds to the prin- purpose parking structures with non- P ciples, goals and policies with specific institutional uses such as housing, retail development concepts and projects and offices. Photo 3.9: Rendering of the Poag & McEwan located within the University District. It The area west of Patterson, bounded anticipates the need for controls such as Lifestyles Center, to be located at the corner of Highland and Midland streets. by Norriswood, Highland and Walker, enhanced site and design review by the should also be a mixed use area with a
omprehensive UD partners in conformance with this combination of University facilities and
C plan. The following narrative discusses University Campus private facilities developed to serve as a the elements of Map 3.1, Vision This area is the traditional institutional transition zone between the institutional campus with its general orientation to Realized. campus and surrounding neighborhoods. istrict research, teaching and public gathering
D Market Rate Residential (New) buildings. The strong pedestrian envi- Health Services/Retail Center These spaces should be transformed ronment should continue; and surface This existing shopping center at to new general market housing at a parking should give way to dual purpose Getwell and Park should be upgraded density that blends and extends the with a mix of health services and retail
niversity businesses. The health services could U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 26 Vision 2030 section include a wellness center and public the District’s cultural and commercial tion network and increase the District’s iii health promotion, counseling, optom- core. A variety of restaurants, shops, connectivity. etry, dentistry, pharmacy, psychology, live entertainment, employment and speech therapy, audiology, and general housing should be developed at an Park and Arboretum Trail System medicine for students, faculty, and urban density that can be supported residents of the University District. by the residents of the community and can attract visitors from throughout Mixed Use Commercial Center Marginal retail along Highland and Park the Memphis area. Unique streetscapes should give way to more concentrated should be characterized by wider mixed use commercial centers, which sidewalks to support more foot traffic, would include housing blended to human-scale street furniture to create compliment both the commercial and more inviting public spaces, and distinc- the dominant single family housing. tive signage and locational features to Photo 3.9 is a rendering of Highland create a sense of place and character Row, a Poag & McEwen Lifestyles Center for the town center that connects it to that will be located on the northwest the entire University District. corner of Highland and Midland. This Light Rail Transit Photo 3.10: Vision for a park and arboretum trail image gives a good indication of the The Metropolitan Planning Organiza- system. (Source: http://www.pedbikeimages.org)
change in character that these mixed tion has proposed a light rail transit line lan
use developments represent to the from downtown Memphis to Collierville P neighborhood. Not only do they help as part of its long range transportation The trail system presents an opportu- establish an urban density necessary plan. The Norfolk-Southern rail line nity to increase not only the connectivity to sustain a vibrant neighborhood town should be used for this purpose. between the various sub-neighborhoods, center, but they also add to the overall but also the community’s connectivity transformation from suburban, auto- Enhanced Pedestrian Pathway with the natural environment. New parks
The major streets that tie the campus omprehensive oriented strip developments to an urban or green oases should be created within
to the larger urban area should be C village, with local amenities, services improved with traffic calming facilities sub-neighborhoods along an improved and a variety of residential choices including raised medians, widened sidewalk and tree trail, which links all adding to neighborhood diversity. areas to the central campus. Photo 3.10 sidewalks, street trees, street furniture, istrict shows what this trail might look like. Town Center a reduction in the number of curb cuts, D better crosswalks, and reduced speed The trail should exceed handicapped This area would be the central focus standards and have special lighting. of the University District. Both public limits. These features would create a more pedestrian-oriented transporta- The trail should extend the central and private service facilities should be campus’ designation as an arboretum niversity concentrated and shaped to function as U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 27 section Vision 2030 iii with numerous new species planted and acter and values of the community. The marked. The entire trail system would gateways could require partnerships signify community unity for the entire between community stakeholders, local University Neighborhood, provide a government, and the Urban focus for neighborhood gathering, and Art Commission. reflect the community’s commitment Highland Corridor to creating a green environment that The entire length of Highland Street enhances health, recreational opportuni- between Central and Park Avenues ties, and quality of life. should become one of the “Great Streets District Gateway in America” and represent the diversity of cultures attracted to the University District. The Highland Corridor should be the “Main Street” for the District to bring national and international attention to the street for its beauty, safety, walk- ability and business success. Neighborhood Preservation and Photo 3.11: Cooper-Young gateway, affixed Revitalization
lan to a trestle on Cooper Street. (Source: Studio The majority of the living areas in the
P Photography) University District should continue to be maintained and enhanced. Select Welcoming signs or structures should revitalization projects in single- and be placed at key entry points to the multi-family areas should be targeted for University District. A single logo or upgrades with home ownership being collage of existing organization logos
omprehensive the desired outcome. should be incorporated to brand C the District as a special area. These gateways would be an instrumental element in creating a common commu- istrict nity identity and a sense of place for D the entire University District. Like the Cooper-Young gateway pictured in Photo 3.11, the gateways for the University
niversity Neighborhood should reflect the char- U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 28 page 29 section Implementation Strategies iv here are many planning stories and strategies are described in the Code. Other suggestions include the of detailed and well thought appendix to this section. adoption of an Overlay District and Tout plans that are discovered Regulation working with the Office of Code Enforce- years later at the bottom of a stack of ment to cite property owners who do documents behind a planning director’s Current subdivision and zoning regula- not adequately maintain their property. desk or on top of a shelf gathering tions for the City of Memphis are set forth in Titles 15 and 16 of the Memphis Recommended Zoning Changes dust having never been implemented. Under Current Zoning Code To prevent a plan from becoming Code of Ordinances. The general marginalized or forgotten it must be purpose of these regulations is to Current zoning throughout the Univer- accompanied by strong implementa- promote and protect the “health, safety sity District has been relatively effective tion strategies and have the support of and welfare of the residents of the city at preventing incompatible land uses stakeholders who are willing to devote and Shelby County (Sec. 16-4-2).” This from negatively affecting adjacent time and energy to facilitating action. goal is accomplished by controlling such property owners, though as new devel- characteristics as lot subdivision, land opment continues in the commercial This chapter provides financing, use, building height and setbacks, and core, further controls will be needed to regulatory, and “Next Steps” planning lot size. In order to prevent “incompat- achieve Vision 2030. Existing land use recommendations for use by the UD ible land uses,” zoning regulations deter- patterns generally demonstrate zones of Partners as they work to implement mine the type and intensity of actions appropriate land use and have essen- Vision 2030. allowed within various zones that have tially preserved the general character
lan Finance been designated throughout the city. of residential and commercial zones.
P However, some changes are needed. Many of Vision 2030’s recommenda- Because the regulations are intended Recommended changes are illustrated tions will require substantial financial to serve as the rules by which our in Map 4.1 on the previous page and backing in order to become a reality. community organizes itself it is impor- explained in the table on the right. The vast majority of this financing is tant that the rules allow the type of likely to come from private sector inves- vision that is painted in this Plan. As
omprehensive tors, either independently or as a part part of implementing this Plan the
C of a public/private partnership. There existing regulations and the anticipated are a variety of financing tools available major changes to these regulations to stimulate private development, such must be considered. istrict as tax credits, low interest loans, grants,
D Vision 2030 offers recommended and incentives from federal, state and changes to the existing regulations and local sources. Each development project additionally, examines the current state will require a distinct financing strategy. of the proposed Unified Development Several available public financing tools niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 30 section Implementation Strategies iv Proposed Unified Development Zoning Action Justification Code Change the zoning along Highland St. n Limit the ability of undesirable The Memphis and Shelby County from C-H to C-L. commercial uses to locate within Office of Planning and Development is the area. currently in the process of drafting a n Allow for a more neighborhood- oriented mix of businesses. comprehensive revision of the Memphis n Create a zone that encourages the and Shelby County Zoning and Subdivi- development of a “Town Center.” sion Regulations and will be combining the two into one document to be titled Change portions of Messick-Buntyn n Encourage more single-family the Memphis and Shelby County Unified neighborhood from R-D to R-S6. home ownership. n Maintain and preserve the Development Code (UDC) [A draft copy dominant character of the neigh- of the UDC may be downloaded for borhood. review from www.memphis.code-studio. com]. The UDC is presently in the public Convert the area between Highland St. n Allow for a natural mix of institu- and the University of Memphis Main tional, medium-density residential review stages and it is anticipated that and light commercial land uses. the document will be completed for Campus from a mixture of R-MM, C-L municipal review and approval during and R-S6 to C-N. 2008. Re-zone area adjacent to the west side n Create a more natural transition from commercial land uses along
of the University of Memphis Southern lan A district conversion map showing Highland St. to residential in
Ave. parking lot from R-S6 to R-MM P how current zoning would be converted Normal Station. under the UDC is shown on Map 4.2 on n Increase the availability of quality the next page. affordable housing. In addition to the new zoning districts Re-zone the University of Memphis n Create a more accurate reflection of current land use. seen in Map 4.2 (on the next page) South Campus from R-S10 to C-U. n Allow for the development of there are other tools that the UDC higher intensity research and omprehensive contains including the establishment institutional land uses. C of Neighborhood Conservation Overlay Re-zone the southeast corner of the n Allow for more continuity of land districts, a new R-3 district (allowing intersection of Southern Ave. and uses to complete the “Town istrict legal lots as small as 3,000 square Center.”
Highland St. from C-N to C-L. D feet), new frontage requirements, a n Encourage more development revised and updated use chart, required within the core of the Highland Strip commercial node. site plan review, and generally a more
proscriptive approach to how develop- niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 31 page 32 section Implementation Strategies iv ment in the community should be ensure a more pedestrian-friendly Overlay District conducted. environment. The preferred approach for imple- n Neighborhood Conservation Overlay n Updated Use Chart – The Use chart menting land use recommendations – Tool that will allow neighborhoods in the UDC has been simplified and consistent with Vision 2030 would be to establish form based guidelines updated to reflect more modern to create and adopt an Overlay District that will reflect the desired massing, uses of buildings. Additionally, use for the University Neighborhoods. An rhythm, and architectural character- standards have been implemented Overlay District creates an additional istics of the neighborhood. This tool to ensure a compatible synthesis layer of regulatory control over a can be used to restrict inappropri- of uses. defined area without supplanting the ate infill projects. n Required Site Plan Review – The underlying existing zoning. An Overlay n R-3 district - The R-3 Residential UDC will require all projects, with essentially creates a localized area district is a zoning district that was the exception of single lot residen- where more specific (restrictive or created to address the problem of tial developments, to go through relaxed) regulations are added to what lots that are too small to develop an administrative site plan process. already is in place. An Overlay District legally. Under the current ordinance This new step in the development or similar mechanism might include the lots smaller than 6,000 square feet process will help in eliminating inap- following elements: public area design are considered non-buildable lots. propriate developments that “sneak standards (streetscapes, sidewalks, This makes infill and redevelop- through” the system. parks, etc.); design guidelines for
private development (siting, massing, lan ment of small urban lots difficult or Recommended Changes under design elements, screening, lighting, P impossible. The new R-3 designa- the Unified Development Code tion will allow for easier redevelop- colors, materials, access, signage, etc.); ment of these lots and make lots as Even though the proposed Unified form-based design criteria (transpar- small as 3,000 square feet Development Code provides a range ency, progressive setbacks, overhangs, legal lots. of additional tools and controls that parking, transition zones, etc.); specific will enable the University District to land/building uses to be encouraged omprehensive n Frontage Requirements – The UDC greatly expand its ability to fulfill its (student housing, restaurants, etc.) or C provides for the establishment of vision, some changes are needed. Map prohibited in certain locations (strip various frontage designations such 4.3 on the next page shows how the clubs, gas stations, etc.); incentives for as pedestrian, urban, general, or
recommended zoning changes under following the neighborhood master plan istrict commercial. These frontages add (increases in height or area, reduced the current ordinance would be applied D an additional tool to creating more using the proposed Unified parking requirements or setbacks, etc.); walkable streets by using form Development Code. and requirements for public workshops based regulations to dictate how or increased oversight (require OPD
buildings address the street and to staff review for all developments, etc.) niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 33 page 34 Implementation Strategies section In the University Neighborhoods area, reference by planners at OPD and/or the vacate the premises, issue an order iv an Overlay District could be created Land Use Control Board. not to occupy until repairs are made, which institutes the above recommenda- An Overlay District coupled with Vision or condemn the structure. If the owner tions or more, regardless of when the 2030 will create the specific tools and fails to comply, court action can be initi- UDC is adopted. This Overlay could be restrictions needed to prevent the wrong ated at any time after the first follow-up instituted quickly to prevent the wrong developments from happening in the inspection. The department utilizes the kinds of development from occurring, short term, and will be a basis for fair, General Sessions Environmental Court while at the same time serving as a equitable, and reasonable development. to resolve cases where the violator has bridge between current zoning practices failed to comply. and the new UDC without waiting for Residential Anti-Neglect Ordinance and the Department of Code Enforcement. The University Neighborhood Partners adoption of the full UDC. An Overlay can would benefit from conducting a serve as an immediate insurance policy The Department of Code Enforcement enforces regulations relating to the regular, comprehensive assessment of against the wrong kinds of development each parcel in the University Neighbor- occurring before the UDC is adopted and storage of inoperable or abandoned vehicles on public and private property; hoods and by reporting any violations also provide a more complete picture and following up to ensure consistent when the UDC is ultimately adopted. minimum housing standards for existing dwellings; and abandoned commercial enforcement of basic community stan- While the intent of the UDC is to create structures, which may contribute to dards in the area. the overall basis of regulations for the deterioration in the community. Next Steps
entire County, it will not create the lan Potential violations are discovered The implementation of this plan is desired results for a particular neighbor- P hood or area without a complimentary through citizen complaints, referrals going to take the attention, dedication “small area plan” or similar vision or from other agencies, inspector observa- and energy of all UD Partners and other master plan, which should serve as a tions in an assigned area, and system- stakeholders involved in the process. complimentary guide to planners, devel- atic inspections in a target area. Once a While there is no correct order to how opers and the community as to how the complaint is received, an inspector will the Plan should be implemented there community wants to develop. Without conduct an investigation to determine are some logical next steps including: omprehensive if there is an ordinance violation. After C the neighborhood master plan, an n (i) the adoption of this Plan by the inappropriate mix of uses on adjacent a violation order is issued for structural city and county legislative bodies; parcels can still occur even though the or environmental conditions, periodic istrict form would be permissible, or likewise follow-up inspections are conducted to n (ii) engaging in a community wide D the reverse. It is critical, therefore, that determine if compliance has been met. strategic planning process in which following the adoption of Vision 2030, Depending on the circumstances and the leadership of all of the UD it should be adopted by City Council severity, the department can opt to Partners participate and assign action steps and responsibilities so that it may be officially used as a give an extension to meet compliance, niversity
initiate court action, issue an order to U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 35 section iv Implementation Strategies for implementation of Vision 2030 Additional Studies and Plans Details recommendations Commercial and residential market n Prepare a market study of the n (iii) conducting further studies and study University neighborhoods to plans identified in the matrix below determine the amount and type of commercial and residential oppor- n (iv) promoting continued residential tunity supportable in the neighbor- and commercial redevelopment in hood. the University District that is consis- Town Center Site Plan n Complete a conceptual site plan for tent with this Plan. the proposed town center detailing Further revision and fine tuning of this a fine grain vision for the future of the Southern-Highland intersec- Plan by the stakeholders may reveal tion. additional actions not included in the Shuttle feasibility study n Complete a feasibility study for a matrix below and these additions should University Neighborhood shuttle be added as they are discovered. service Community health center feasibility n Prepare a feasibility study examin- study ing the potential of a University of Memphis (nursing, psycho- logical counseling and pre-dental), University of Tennessee Health lan Science Center (medical and P dental) and Southern College of Optometry partnership to develop a community health center for the area that would also anchor the redevelopment of commercial land use at the southwest intersection
omprehensive of Park-Getwell streets.
C Study the need for expansion of K-12 n Work with Memphis City Schools opportunities in the University Neigh- to assess the feasibility of expand- borhoods. ing the Campus School through
istrict twelfth grade. D Neighborhood arboretum trail n Partner with the West Tennessee regional urban forester to catalog neighborhood trees and design a neighborhood-wide arboretum. niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 36 section Implementation Strategies iv Short Term Actions Details Review, refine and adopt the comprehensive plan n Finalize comprehensive plan and seek formal legislative adoption.
Improve code enforcement n Work with Memphis and Shelby County Office of Construction Code Enforcement, local businesses and neighborhood groups to improve code enforcement. Adopt new zoning recommendations n Make sure that the new zoning districts are in place so that new development takes place in accordance with this plan. Short Term Actions Details Draft and adopt Overlay District n Finalize an Overlay District and seek formal legislative adoption. Review, refine and adopt the comprehensive plan Finalize comprehensive plan and seek formal legislative adoption. Work with Memphis and Shelby County Office of Construction Code Enforcement, local businesses and neighborhood Improve code enforcement Encourage the adoption of the Unified Development n The UDC contains many tools that will be beneficial to the imple- groups to improve code enforcement. Code (UDC) mentation of this plan and the preservation of neighborhood Adopt new zoning recommendations Make sure that the new zoning districts are in place so that new development takes place in accordance with this plan. character. Draft and adopt Overlay District Finalize an Overlay District and seek formal legislative adoption. Establish a redevelopment district n Establishing a redevelopment district enables Memphis to acquire The UDC contains many tools that will be beneficial to the implementation of this plan and the preservation of Encourage the adoption of the Unified Development Code (UDC) blighted properties and helps to fund infrastructure improvements. neighborhood character. Establishing a redevelopment district enables Memphis to acquire blighted properties and helps to fund infrastructure Establish a redevelopment district Evaluate the appropriateness of expanding the TIF n Study the economic advantages of expanding the recently estab- improvements. District lished TIF district to improve infrastructure, lighting, public art Study the economic advantages of expanding the recently established TIF district to improve infrastructure, lighting, and other public uses along Highland and Park streets and in the Evaluate the appropriateness of expanding the TIF District public art and other public uses along Highland and Park streets and in the Normal Station and Messick Buntyn neighborhoods.
Normal Station and Messick Buntyn neighborhoods. lan Work with the University of Memphis Police Services to expand coverage to include the entire University Neighbor- Increase Police Coverage
P hoods area. Increase Police Coverage n Work with the University of Memphis Police Services to expand Work with City engineering and transportation planners to formulate new street cross-sections for Highland, Central Adopt new street cross-sections coverage to include the entire University Neighborhoods area. and Park streets. Business and Commercial Development Actively recruit the types of businesses and development projects that will enhance the goals of this plan Adopt new street cross-sections n Work with City engineering and transportation planners to formu- late new street cross-sections for Highland, Central and Park streets. omprehensive C Business and Commercial Development n Actively recruit the types of businesses and development projects that will enhance the goals of this plan istrict D niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 37 section iv Implementation Strategies Long Term Actions Details EstablishRealign the an Intersectionexpanded TIF n AssumingWork with anCity expanded engineering TIF todistrict develop is a aviable suitable option design for forthe theUniversity realignment Neighborhoods, of Southern so ofDistrict Southern and Highland amendthat is crossesthe existing Highland Highland St. in Row a more TIF directDistrict manner. to enlarge its coverage area or create a new TIF district. Street improvements n Begin street improvements: (1) allow parking on both sides of Highland; (2) use traffic calming devices such as medians, lane diets and street trees to quiet traffic along parts of Central Ave., Highland St. and Park Ave.; (3) improve and widen area sidewalks; (4) incorpo- rate bike lanes into all street improvements. Continuing Commercial n Continue the appropriate rehabilitation and infill of residential and commercial structures by and Housing Rehabilitation private owners and non-profits in accordance with this plan. and infill Development Develop the University n Create a public-private partnership to develop a joint University of Memphis, UT Medical, Community Health Care UT Dental and Southern College of Optometry community health clinic that will serve as the Clinic anchor for a redeveloped shopping center at the corner of Park Ave. and Getwell Rd. Build the University Neigh- n University, neighborhood groups and City parks should join together to finance and develop borhood Arboretum Trail a neighborhood-wide arboretum trail that builds on the University’s existing arboretum designation and would contribute to connectivity and walkability of the neighborhood.
Realign the Intersection of n Work with City engineering to develop a suitable design for the realignment of Southern so lan Southern and Highland that is crosses Highland St. in a more direct manner. P omprehensive C istrict D niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 38 Appendix
page 39 appendix ii Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix Population and Housing to an increase in multi-family housing Households and elderly high rise units. On the other From 1990 to 2000, the University For the 2000 census, the University hand, census tract 73 experienced District (UD) experienced an increase District included the following census a significant decrease in population of slightly more than 1.3% in the total tracts: 70, 72, 73, 74 and census tract between 1980 and 1990. Census tract number of households (see Table 2.2 29, block group 5. All census tracts 74, like census tract 73, experienced below). Comparatively, the total number shared identical boundaries in 1990 and increases and decreases in population. of households in the Greater University 2000 with the exception of census tract For example, there was a large decrease Area (GUA) declined by 4.3% from 1990 29, block group 5. In the 1990 census, in population between 1970 and 1980 to 2000 and the total number of house- the Red Acres neighborhood was repre- (-37%) and a 15% increase in popula- holds increased by 11.5% in Shelby sented by census tract 29, block group tion between 1960 and 1970. Further, County. From 2006 to 2011 both the UD 7 and this was changed to block group a significant decrease in population and the GUA are expected to experience 5 for the 2000 census. The census tract occurred within census tract 72 between declines of 2.5% and 2%, respectively boundaries are generally synonymous 1960 and 1970 (17%). if trends continue. Shelby County is with the established neighborhood expected to see a nominal increase in boundaries; Red Acres is represented total households of 1.4%. by census tract 29, block group 5; University Area Neighborhood Consor- tium is represented by census tract
lan 70; Normal Station is represented by Table 2.2: Total Households P census tract 73; Messick-Bunytn by census tract 74; and East Buntyn and 1990 2000 1990 to 2006 2011 2006 to Census Census 2000 Estimate Estimate 2011 Joffre Civic Area by census tract 72. Census Tract 29, Population Change Block Group 5 269 277 3.0% 281 287 2.1% During the period from 1960-2000, Census Tract 70 1,659 1,613 -2.8% 1,548 1,504 -4.0%
omprehensive the University District (UD) experi- Census Tract 72 1,314 1,353 3.0% 1,309 1,279 -3.3%
C enced a decline in population, with Census Tract 73 1,453 1,500 3.2% 1,431 1,385 -4.6% the only increase being the period Census Tract 74 1,477 1,511 2.3% 1,459 1,423 -3.4% University between 1990 and 2000, illustrated in District 6,172 6,254 1.3% 6,028 5,878 -2.5% istrict the table on this page. Greater D Census Tract 73 contributed a signifi- University Area 25,408 24,323 -4.3% 23,838 23,533 -2.0% cant amount of population between Shelby County 303,569 338,366 11.5% 342,948 346,767 1.4% 1970 and 1980. This increase in Source: Demographic data © 2006 by Experian/Applied Geographic Solutions. © 2007 DemographicsNow
niversity population, noted within University
U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis District Technical Report 1982, is due page 40 Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix appendix The changes in average household size ii from 1990 to 2006 for the University Table 2.3: Average Household Size District, Greater University Area, and 1990 2000 1990 to 2006 2011 2006 to Shelby County have been negligible. As Census Census 2000 Estimate Estimate 2011 indicated in Table 2.3 (on the right), the Census Tract 29, UD has an average household size less Block Group 5 2.3 2.3 0 2.3 2.2 -.1 than comparison areas. This statistic is Census Tract 70 2.4 2.4 0 2.4 2.4 0 heavily influenced by both students and Census Tract 72 1.9 1.8 -.1 1.8 1.8 0 young professionals living in the area. Census Tract 73 1.5 1.5 0 1.5 1.5 0 Census Tract 74 2.0 1.9 -.1 1.9 1.9 0 The predominance of the student University District 1.9 1.9 0 1.9 1.9 0 population significantly influences Greater the stability of the area immediately University Area 2.4 2.3 -.1 2.3 2.3 0 surrounding the University of Memphis. Shelby County 2.7 2.6 -.1 2.6 2.6 0 Source: Demographic data © 2006 by Experian/Applied Geographic Solutions. © 2007 DemographicsNow, 2000 Census Data The annual turnover rate of households, and 1990 Census Data illustrated in Table 2.4 (see right), is higher Table 2.4: Yearly Household Turnover than that of the GUA and 1990 Census 2000 Census 1990 to 2000 2006 Estimate 2000 to 2006 Shelby County. However, Census Tract
the GUA turnover is 29, Block lan
less than that of Shelby Group 5 16.0% 14.3% -10.6% 10.0% -30.1% P County indicating stabil- Census Tract 70 29.0% 36.9% 27.2% 18.8% -49.1% ity in the area. Census Tract 72 22.0% 22.4% 1.8% 15.3% -31.7% Census Tract 73 22.0% 32.0% 45.5% 18.8% -41.3%
Census Tract omprehensive
74 26.0% 36.5% 40.4% 20.2% -44.7% C University District 24.9% 32.3% 29.7% 18.4% -43.0% Greater istrict University Area 17.1% 18.3% 7.0% 13.6% -25.7% Shelby County 23.0% 22.7% -1.3% 15.8% -30.4% D Source: Demographic data © 2006 by Experian/Applied Geographic Solutions. © 2007 DemographicsNow, 2000 Census Data and 1990 Census Data niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 41 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii The current and projected estimates for households with children within the Table 2.6: Percentage of Single Parent Households University District, ranges greatly from 1990 2000 1990 to 2006 2011 2006 to around 6.4% (Census Tract 73) upwards Census Census 2000 Estimate Estimate 2011 to 28% (Census Tract 70) (see Table 2.5 Census Tract below). The data in Table 2.6 (see right) 29, Block show that single parent households are Group 5 14.3% 10.6% -3.7 11.0% 13.3% +2.3 Census Tract disproportionately represented in the 70 51.2% 58.1% +6.9 60.5% 62.7% +2.2 GUA. The percentage of these types of Census Tract households typically run 7 to 10 percent 72 17.3% 26.1% +8.8 34.4% 40.0% +5.6 higher when compared to the University Census Tract District and Shelby County. Within the 73 15.0% 23.1% +8.1 30.8% 36.2% +5.4 Census Tract University District, the percentage of 74 28.4% 36.0% +7.6 42.1% 46.1% +4.0 single parent households is significantly University higher in Census Tract 70 (Table 2.6). District 35.1% 43.1% +8.0 47.5% 50.8% +3.3 Greater Given the economic and time pressures University felt by households with children and Area 45.9% 51.6% +5.7 55.1% 57.8% +2.7 especially by single parent households, Shelby County 38.2% 44.3% +6.1 48.8% 52.4% +3.6 the GUA appears in need of day care Source: Demographic data © 2006 by Experian/Applied Geographic Solutions. © 2007 DemographicsNow 2000 Census lan Data and 1990 Census Data
P and after school care for children.
Table 2.5: Percentage of Households With Children 1990 Census 2000 Census 1990 to 2000 2006 Estimate 2011 Estimate 2006 to 2011 omprehensive Census Tract 29, Block C Group 5 23.4% 23.8% +.4 26.0% 23.7% -2.3 Census Tract 70 28.8% 30.3% +1.5 27.8% 25.9% -1.9 Census Tract 72 16.3% 15.6% -.7 16.2% 16.0% -.2 istrict Census Tract 73 6.9% 6.1% -.8 6.4% 6.8% +.4 D Census Tract 74 18.1% 17.7% -.4 16.9% 16.2% -.7 University District 17.9% 17.7% -.2 17.1% 16.4% -.7 Greater University Area 30.2% 30.7% +.5 28.8% 27.2% -1.6
niversity Shelby County 39.0% 38.6% -.4 35.6% 33.3% -2.3 Source: Demographic data © 2006 by Experian/Applied Geographic Solutions. © 2007 DemographicsNow, 2000 Census Data and 1990 Census Data U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 42 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii Age of Population County and even the GUA with a quarter tract has the greatest differences from The ages of residents in the University of its residents between the age of 18 Shelby County due to the presence of District differ slightly from the composi- and 24. the University and several retirement tion of Shelby County residents as The Red Acres neighborhood (Census community high-rises. Over 40% of shown in Table 2.7 (see below). The Tract 29, Block Group 5), Messick- residents in this area are between the two largest age groups in Shelby County Buntyn (Census Tract 70), and East ages of 18 to 24 and over 25% are 65 are 25 to 64 year old which comprise Buntyn and Joffre (Census Tract 72) years old or older. Less than 25% of the approximately half of all residents and 5 have an age composition that is similar residents are between the ages of 25 to 17 year olds which make up 20% of to Shelby County’s as a whole. Red and 64. Shelby County residents. Acres, however, does have a higher The Greater University Area is similar proportion of residents aged 65 and to the age makeup of Shelby County older than Shelby County. Census Tract with 50% of its population between 25 74 is the Normal Station neighborhood, and 64 years of age. The GUA, however, which is influenced by the presence of has a lower percentage of school-age the University with approximately 30% children and slightly higher percentages of its residents between the ages of of college-age residents and retirees. 18 and 24. Census Tract 73 includes The University District differs greatly the University and the area directly
from the age composition of Shelby west to Highland Street. This census lan
Table 2.7: Age of Population by Percentage Share P 1990 2000 18 to 25 to 18 to 25 to 0 to 4 5 to 17 65+ 0 to 4 5 to 17 65+ 24 64 24 64 Census Tract 29 BG 5 5.7% 12.8% 6.2% 45.5% 29.8% 3.6% 16.7% 4.9% 51.6% 23.2%
Census Tract 70 7.0% 15.3% 20.2% 48.7% 8.8% 7.2% 16.9% 18.7% 50.3% 6.9% omprehensive
Census Tract 72 6.1% 7.2% 6.0% 57.8% 22.9% 5.3% 7.2% 11.1% 62.4% 13.9% C Census Tract 73 2.0% 4.6% 14.4% 32.4% 46.7% 1.4% 3.4% 43.2% 24.7% 27.3% Census Tract 74 5.7% 8.5% 22.9% 48.9% 13.9% 4.9% 8.7% 29.1% 49.8% 7.6% istrict University District 5.5% 9.8% 16.3% 47.2% 21.2% 4.6% 9.6% 25.7% 45.6% 14.5% D Greater University 7.0% 14.8% 12.7% 46.8% 18.7% 6.8% 16.2% 12.3% 50.2% 14.4% Area Shelby County 8.1% 19.3% 11.3% 50.9% 10.4% 7.6% 20.6% 9.7% 52.1% 10.0% Source: Demographic data © 2006 by Experian/Applied Geographic Solutions. © 2007 DemographicsNow 2000 Census Data and 1990 Census Data niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 43 appendix ii Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix Education of Population who have received a bachelor’s degree 15.9% while in Shelby county this same As seen in Table 2.8 below, the most increased by 2.9% while residents in group increased by 39.3%. This may recent demographic data reveals that Shelby County who have attained a suggest that those achieving higher in 2000, 22.3% of those living within bachelor’s degree increased by 19.7%. education are choosing to locate in the University District had received a Similarly, the percent of residents areas outside the GUA rather that within bachelor’s degree while only 16.4% of achieving graduate degrees in the UD the GUA or UD districts. This pattern is those living within Shelby County had between 2000 and 2006 increased by consistent with the observable trend of achieved this same level of education. Additionally, Table 2.8: Educational Attainment 17.2% of those living in the 2000 % of 2006 % of 2006 % Change 2000 UD in 2000 had received 2000 Total Estimates Total to 2006 some type of graduate degree while the graduate Some College, No Degree degree attainment rate for Total UD 1,839 23.1% 1,458 18.8% -20.7% Shelby County was 8.9%. Total GUA 9,233 21.6% 7,714 18.2% -16.5% The good news for both the Total Shelby County 134,165 24.1% 116,363 20.2% -13.3% residents of the UD and the
residents of Shelby County is that the 2006 estimates Associate Degree lan of educational attainment Total UD 363 4.6% 333 4.3% -8.3% P suggest that, across the Total GUA 1,800 4.2% 1,766 4.2% -1.9% board, more people are Total Shelby County 29,201 5.2% 29,025 5.0% -0.6% seeking and achieving
higher education degrees. Bachelor’s Degree One important charac-
omprehensive Total UD 1,776 22.3% 1,828 23.6% 2.9% teristic of Table 2.8 is that
C Total GUA 8,219 19.3% 8,960 21.1% 9.0% it appears that between 2000 and 2006 the percent Total Shelby County 91,268 16.4% 109,327 19.0% 19.8% change of persons with istrict college degrees or graduate Graduate Degree D degrees is increasing at a Total UD 1,371 17.2% 1,590 20.5% 16.0% faster rate in the county Total GUA 5845 13.7% 7,218 17.0% 23.5% than in the UD or GUA Total Shelby County 49,493 8.9% 68,964 12.0% 39.3% niversity areas. Residents of the UD
U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis DemographicsNow.com and the SRC and DemographicsNow.com logos are trademarks of SRC, LLC. All rights reserved. page 44 Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix appendix wealth and education leaving the center neighborhood as a whole. With the (on the next page), there are 7% more ii city and moving toward the outer edges exception of the Red Acres neighbor- professional jobs in the District than in of Shelby County. hood (Tract 29, Block Group 5) the the other comparison area. This figure, numbers tend to resemble those for however, is slightly misleading unless Labor Force and Employment Employment figures provide additional both the Greater University Area as well the individual tracts that comprise the insight into the population that resides as the overall county. One exception to District are considered alongside the in the study area. When considered this can be seen in the amount of the comparison areas. Each of the Census alongside other demographic variables employed population of the University Tracts in the neighborhood area has employment data can add to an overall District, which fell a total of 13 percent considerably greater amounts of white image of the vitality and health of a from 1990 to 2000, due in large part to collar occupations than both the county community. a 40% drop in Census Tract 73. as well as the GUA. The only exception to this is Tract 70 whose 53% contrib- The numbers represented in Table 2.9 As a whole, the University District tends to have a slightly higher number uted to an overall reduction in the total (see below) do not appear to reveal percentage for the District. much of a discernable pattern in any of professional jobs than either the of the individual census tracts in the Greater University Area or Shelby University District nor in the greater County. As can be seen in Table 2.10
Table 2.9: Occupation and Employment Not in Labor Force In Labor Force Employed Unemployed lan P 1990 2000 % 1990 2000 % 1990 2000 % 1990 2000 % Change Change Change Change Tract 29 305 247 -23% 398 272 -46% 100% 100.0% 0% 0% 0% 0% BG 5
Tract 70 907 963 6% 2,255 2,041 -10% 92% 92.9% 1% 8% 7% -1% omprehensive
Tract 72 641 545 -18% 1,439 1,693 15% 96% 91.3% -5% 4% 8% 4% C Tract 73 1,460 1,369 -7% 896 2,189 59% 97% 57.7% -40% 3% 42% 39% Tract 74 997 861 -16% 1,790 2,095 15% 98% 87.4% -11% 2% 13% 11% istrict UD 4,310 3,985 -8% 6,778 8,290 18% 96% 82.1% -13% 4% 18% 13% D Total GUA 20,136 17,278 -17% 29,984 27,044 -11% 92% 92.3% -0% 8% 8% 0% County 207,263 230,775 10% 416,085 440,211 5% 91% 92.7% 2% 7% 7% -0% niversity Source: Demographic data © 2006 by Experian/Applied Geographic Solutions. © 2007 DemographicsNow U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 45 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii Household Income and Poverty
Two measurements of household Table 2.10: Area Occupation income help to better describe the % in Blue Collar Occupations % in White Collar Occupations income characteristics of the District: median income and poverty. Tract 29 16% 84% BG 5 The median household income for Tract 70 47% 53% the University District was estimated at $34,082 for 2006. As Table 2.11 Tract 72 16% 84% shows, this estimate is down 4.1% from Tract 73 22% 78% the 2000 median household income of Tract 74 32% 68% $35,545. UD Total 30% 70% The median household income for the GUA 37% 63% University District was below that of County 37% 63% Shelby County in both 1990 and 2000, Source: Demographic data © 2006 by Experian/Applied Geographic Solutions. © 2007 DemographicsNow and 2006 estimates and 2011 projec- tions show a widening gap between the median household incomes for these
lan Table 2.11: Median Household Income P Geography 1999 2000 % 2006 % Change 2011 Projec- % Change % Change Change Estimate tion 1989 - 2011 Census Tract 29, $105,595.00 $98,643.00 -7.0% 121168 22.8% 125000 3.2% 18% BG 7/5 Census Tract 70 $19,075.01 $24,036.01 26.0% 26,469 10.1% 28,094 6.1% 47% omprehensive
C Census Tract 72 $35,613.01 $50,244.01 41.1% 55,839 11.1% 60,385 8.1% 70% Census Tract 73 $11,827.01 $18,388.01 55.5% 21,427 16.5% 22,561 5.3% 91% Census Tract 74 $22,207.01 $31,413.01 41.5% 34,851 10.9% 37,062 6.3% 67% istrict D Total UN $23,090.00 $35,545.00 53.9% 34,082 -4.1% 36,055 5.8% 56% Total GUA $23,333.01 $31,751.01 36.1% 35,611 12.2% 38,222 7.3% 64% Total Shelby County $27,141.01 $39,630.01 46.0% 45,106 13.8% 49,613 10.0% 83% niversity
U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis Source: Demographic data © 2006 by Experian/Applied Geographic Solutions. © 2007 DemographicsNow page 46 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii two localities. In 1990, the median Table 2.12: Poverty Rate household income for the University Geography 1999 2000 % Change 1989 - 1999 District was 85% of the median house- hold income for Shelby County; in 2011, Census Tract 29, 0% 2% 100% the University District is projected to BG 7/5 have a median household income of Census Tract 70 26% 31% 17% $36,055, just 73% of the Shelby Census Tract 72 3% 7% 55% County figure. Census Tract 73 25% 13% -94% Median household income varies Census Tract 74 16% 15% -4% greatly within the University District, with 2006 estimates ranging from Total UD 17% 17% -2% $21,427 in the Census Tract 73 (Univer- sity West Neighborhood), to $121,168 Total GUA 21% 19% -7% in Census Tract 29, Block Group 5 (Red Total Shelby 18% 16% -17% Acres). These wide variations have County remained fairly constant over time. Source: Demographic data © 2006 by Experian/Applied Geographic Solutions. © 2007 Demographics- Now As defined by the United States Census Bureau, poverty is the condition in which poverty: a substantial decrease of 94% are several significant multi-family resi- individuals, families, or households for Census Tract 73, and a modest 4% dential high-rises located on Highland lan P generate less income than necessary to decrease for Census Tract 74. The three Street north of the railroad tracks and achieve an adequate standard of living. other focus areas inside the University a large apartment complex located on Table 2.12 (on the right) provides infor- District all witnessed increases in the southeastern corner of the Poplar- mation on the percentage of persons percentage of persons living below Highland intersection. Duplexes and living below the poverty line in the study poverty, with the affluent Red Acres townhomes are scattered throughout areas for 1990 and 2000. registering a 2% poverty rate in 2000. the University District. The area lacks omprehensive
a predominant housing style. Instead, C The poverty rates for the University Housing Trends all of the neighborhoods possess an District, the Greater University Area, In 2000, there were 6,624 housing eclectic array of housing styles that and Shelby County were all within the units located in the University District. reflect the steady growth of the Univer- istrict 15-20% range in 2000, each decreas- The predominant housing type is single sity District throughout the early part of D ing slightly from their 1990 figures. family residential dwelling units with the 20th century. Two of the five areas that comprise the multi-family residential housing located University District experienced declines primarily in the areas to the south and in the percentage of persons living in west of the University campus. There niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 47 appendix ii Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix Home Values Table 2.13: Owner-Occupied Median Home Values The median owner-occupied home Geography 1990 2000 % Change 1990-2000 value in the University District was $87,762 in 2000, which represents a Census 290,067 425,106 46.6% 34.8% increase in home value after Tract 29, 1990 (see Table 2.13 to the right). BG 5 Median home values of each census Census 46,013 53,916 17.2% tract ranged from $53,916 in census Tract 70 tract 70 to $425,106 in census tract 29, Census 79,318 114,021 43.8% block group 5. The differences between Tract 72 home values in each census tract reflect Census 125,587 166,531 32.6% the uniqueness of the individual areas Tract 73 comprising the University District. Census 55,027 71,915 30.7% Median home values in census tracts Tract 74 70 and 74 fall below the median home value for both the Greater University Area and Shelby County. These census Total UD 65,113 87,762 34.8% tracts contain 50.4% of the housing Total GUA 61,423 82,013 33.5% units in the University District and both Total Shelby 66,157 92,059 39.2% lan are located south of the railroad tracks. County P Source: Demographic data © 2006 by Experian/Applied Geographic Solutions. © 2007 DemographicsNow omprehensive C istrict D niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 48 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii Housing Tenure 2.14: University District Housing Tenure 2000. The 2006 estimated and 2011 Due to the University’s central location illustrates, owner-occupied units in 2000 projected values suggest a continuing in the University District area, it is accounted for 44.0% of all housing units decline in owner-occupied rates for all expected that there will be a lower in the University District, as compared three study areas. The neighborhoods rate of home ownership as the student to 53.6% and 58.8% owner-occupied demonstrating the lowest number of demand for rental properties increases rates for the GUA and Shelby County owner-occupied housing units include the likelihood that owner-occupied respectively. For the University District, Messick-Buntyn (census tract 70) and properties will be converted to rental this represents a 1.5% decrease in the University Area Consortuim properties to meet the demand. As Table owner-occupied housing from1990 to (census tract 73).
Table 2.14: University District Housing Tenure 1990 2000 2006 Estimated 2011 Projection Geogra- Total % % Total % % Total % % Total % % phy Owner Vacant Owner Vacant Owner Vacant Owner Vacant Census 276 87.0% 2.5% 290 86.6% 4.5% 312 80.1% 10.9% 332 75.3% 15.7% Tract 29, BG 5 Census 1,783 38.8% 7.0% 1,755 36.4% 8.1% 1,808 33.7% 14.4% 1,855 31.6% 18.9%
Tract 70 lan Census 1,371 73.9% 4.2% 1,417 71.8% 4.5% 1,473 66.3% 11.1% 1,519 62.5% 15.8% P Tract 72 Census 1,508 21.2% 3.7% 1,580 20.4% 5.1% 1,619 18.8% 11.6% 1,654 17.8% 16.3% Tract 73 Census 1,549 48.3% 4.7% 1,582 43.1% 4.5% 1,640 39.8% 11.0% 1,689 37.5% 15.8% Tract 74 omprehensive C
Total Ud 6,487 46.5% 4.9% 6,624 44.0% 5.6% 6,852 40.8% 12.1% 7,049 38.5% 16.7%
Total GUA 33,464 53.7% 6.4% 32,514 53.6% 6.8% 34,089 49.6% 13.2% 35,425 46.8% 17.8% istrict Total D Shelby County 327,792 55.1% 7.4% 362,954 58.8% 6.8% 395,073 54.6% 13.2% 421,839 51.7% 17.8%
Source: Demographic data © 2006 by Experian/Applied Geographic Solutions. © 2007 DemographicsNow niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 49 page 50 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii Land Use part of the University of Memphis Education Center, formerly Messick High campus. The university land in Normal School, which closed in the early 1980s. Understanding the pattern of develop- Station is bounded by Houston Street Multi-family residential properties are ment for an area enables a community on the west, Spottswood Avenue on the concentrated in the northeast part of to begin addressing specific weaknesses south, and the properties that front the the neighborhood, and commercial uses that may exist. In order to develop a east side of Normal Street. line Highland Street and are scattered comprehensive understanding of how along Park Avenue. the University District had developed The neighborhood is predominately over the past several decades, students comprised of small single family resi- East Buntyn from the Studio course performed a dential cottages. A small number of Located south of Joffre and north of parcel by parcel survey in order to duplexes are clustered in portions of Messick Buntyn, East Buntyn is bordered construct both a land use map and a the western section of Normal Station. by Central Avenue to the north, property and lot condition map for the In addition to the duplexes, there Highland Street to the east, Southern area. This enabled a detailed analysis are multi-family rental apartments Avenue to the south, and Greer Street of how the land was being used, what located in the northwest section of the to the west. Its predominant land use condition the existing structure currently neighborhood, closer to the University is single family residential, but there was in, and whether or not the property of Memphis. Commercial activity and are churches located throughout the was being maintained by the current office space is relegated to the edges neighborhood. Near Highland, in the owners. Map 2.1 (on the previous page) of the neighborhood along Highland southeastern corner of the neighbor-
shows the results of the land use survey. Street and Park Avenue. In addition hood, there is a more diverse mixture lan
The sections that follow describe each to the businesses along Park Avenue, of land uses, including retail sales P neighborhood in the University District. there is a small grouping of single family or services, arts, entertainment, and residences. restaurant uses. There are no conflicts Normal Station among land uses and most properties The neighborhood directly south of the Messick Buntyn within the neighborhood have lots which University of Memphis campus is known The Messick-Buntyn neighborhood is have been maintained and structures as Normal Station. Its name was derived located in the southwest of the Univer- omprehensive which are in good condition. due to its proximity to the university, sity District, bound by Southern Avenue C which was formerly named West to the north, South Highland Street to Joffre Tennessee State Normal School, and the the east, Park Avenue to the south, Joffre Neighborhood is located in the railroad station at its northern border. and Semmes Street to the west. The northwestern corner of the University istrict
dominant land use in the neighborhood District and is bordered by Poplar D Normal Station is bounded by Southern is single family residential, composed Avenue to the north, Highland Street Avenue to the north, Goodlett to the primarily of single-story cottages and to the east, Central Avenue to the east, Park Avenue on the south, and bungalows. In the heart of Messick- south, and Lafayette Street to the
Highland Street to the west. A portion niversity Buntyn are Davis Park and Messick Adult west. The neighborhood’s predominant of the northern boundary now contains U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 51 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii land use is single family residential, with the exception of its northern and eastern borders. The northern portion of the neighborhood consists of strip commercial, office, arts, entertainment, restaurant, and educational land uses. Land use in the eastern portion of the neighborhood, near the intersection of Central and Highland, is high-density residential single family detached and attached. There are no conflicts among land uses and most properties within the neighborhood have lots which have been maintained and structures which sion is that when it was platted over In addition, it has the only high-rise are in good condition. 50% of the land was given to the City multi-family and condominium devel- of Memphis as park land which resulted opments in the University District. Red Acres in the Galloway Public Golf Course. On its southwestern-most edge, the The boundaries of the Red Acres Another minor historic note that can be neighborhood is heavily developed for subdivision are Walnut Grove to the seen in the plats below is that Red Acres commercial and quasi-public use, while north, Poplar to the south, Goodlett lan was the first subdivision in Memphis its northwestern corner is the location
P to the east and Highland Street to the to utilize traffic triangles as devices to of an older multi-family suburban-type west. Red Acres was established in 1923 manage to flow of automobiles (White- apartment complex. The city’s Sheehan and is a stable neighborhood consisting head, 2007). Water Pumping Station bisects the mainly of large single family detached neighborhood at the eastern edge of homes that appear to be in exceptional University Area Neighborhood the University’s main campus, while the condition. Additionally, the field survey Consortium
omprehensive Second Presbyterian Church complex revealed that the lawns and roads were This neighborhood is bounded by
C exclusively occupies the northeastern Polar to the north, Goodlett to the east, also in exceptional condition. The single corner. In contrast, quiet residential Southern in the south and Highland predominant feature within the subdivi- neighborhoods, such as Grandview sion is Galloway Public Golf Course. to the west. It is truly a melting pot istrict Estates, offer lower density, high quality Galloway is a popular golf course with a for the University District. Residential D housing to area residents along the land uses abut its largest land use, The recently renovated clubhouse and pro- eastern part of this neighborhood. shop. Galloway’s grounds appeared well University of Memphis, on all sides. A kept and the lawns appeared healthy. majority of the University West area between Patterson and Highland is niversity An interesting feature of this subdivi- U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis rental property occupied by students. page 52 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii Zoning Conflicts Property Conditions As shown on Map 2.3 (on page 55), The current zoning, as seen in Map Structure and Lot Conditions, most 2.2 on the next page, is primarily resi- of the environmental problems in the dential in nature with an assortment of University District are caused by yards commercial and office zoned areas along or lots that had accumulated litter or Poplar Avenue, Highland Street, and were not maintained at the time of the Park Avenue and a large college and parcel-by-parcel survey in September university (C-U) zoned region shown in 2007. These conditions will vary at any blue. The overlay areas shown as red given time. hatches on Map 2.2 represent areas where Planned Developments have been Most of the problem lots/yards are in approved by the legislative bodies. The the area west of the university between Planned Development process is in place Patterson and Highland and south of to add flexibility to the zoning process Southern in the Normal Station and and to permit development projects that Messick-Buntyn neighborhood. would not be allowed under the existing The vast majority of buildings (homes zoning. The overlay areas shown as and businesses) in the District are in green hatches on Map 2.2 represent sound condition with a few scattered special use permits which also add flex- structures rated fair or poor. Overall, lan ibility to the zoning ordinance by permit- the University District contains well P ting uses subject to certain development maintained structures and yards. This standards. suggests that the limited amount of A significant portion of the Messick- neglect can be corrected and that the Buntyn neighborhood and the southern prognosis for continued investment is
edge of East Buntyn is zoned R-D for good. omprehensive
duplex uses. This is at odds with the C actual single family use and could pose a destabilizing effect on the neighbor- hood if residences are converted to istrict
2-family units. D niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 53 page 54 page 55 appendix ii Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix Property Ownership and Value Memphis, Division of Park Services Table 2.15: Public Property is the second largest owner of public Public Property Owner Acres Public Property land, with Galloway Golf Course and Real property taxes contribute signifi- Davis Park comprising most of the TN Board of Regents 363 cantly to the budgets of the City of Park Services’ 115 acres. Division of Park Services 115 Memphis and Shelby County. In 2006, Memphis Light, Gas, and Water 49 the University District contributed Property Value roughly $6,125,000 in real property Property values vary greatly within Memphis Board of Education 9 taxes to the City of Memphis, and the University District. Property City of Memphis 4 $7,208,000 to Shelby County, totaling values range from less than $50,000 Memphis Public Library 1 in Messick Buntyn to more than more than $13,333,000. These figures Shelby County 1 would be even greater if not for the $250,000 in Red Acres and Grandview large percentage of land occupied by Heights. The majority of homes in public property. Normal Station have values ranging Total Public Properties 542* from $50,000 to $100,000. East Total Parcel Acreage in Univer- 1700* Tax exempt public properties comprise Buntyn and Joffre Civic Area have sity District a significant portion of all properties in slightly higher property values from *Totals do not include street acreage. Source: 2006 Shelby the University District. 574 tax exempt $100,000 to $250,000. County Tax Assessor Data parcels totaling 630 acres comprise just over 37% of the entire 1,696 acres The opportunity for infill real estate
lan of the study area. 86% (542 acres) of development in partnership with The P this tax exempt property is owned by University of Memphis can increase public entities, while the rest is owned value in the District and add to the primarily by religious institutions. Table attractiveness of the area. 2.15 (on the right) highlights the public entities possessing the largest acreage
omprehensive of land.
C The State of Tennessee Board of Regents – the state’s governing body for higher education – owns more tax istrict exempt, public land than any other D entity in the University District. Its 363 acres make up 58% of all tax exempt land, and more than 20% of total land
niversity in the entire study area. The City of U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 56 page 57 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii Transportation traffic counts, levels of service of As seen in, area roads, Map 2.5 the existing roadways, and any proposed majority of the problem intersections are The University District is located in short term or long term infrastructure along Southern Avenue where streets a prime area of the Memphis urban improvement projects. As seen in Map cross the Southern Rail Road at grade. area and is no more than 15 minutes 2.5 (on the previous page), Poplar The most problematic intersection in from any major origin or destination Avenue is the main arterial that runs the study area is the intersection of for work, school, health, and recreation through the study area. The other major Southern, Walker, and Patterson. This services. Road access is superior given roads include Walnut Grove, Central, intersection actually consists of two the historic location of major east-west Southern, Park, Highland and Goodlett. intersections in close proximity and often and north-south arterials. Walking in the results in confusion over who has the District is easy except along the major There are several problem intersections right of way. There is a planned realign- arterials and bus service is above the within the study area. For the purposes ment of Patterson in the University norm for Memphis due to the presence of this study a problem intersection is Master Plan that is intended to remedy of the University. one where a street crosses a railroad track at grade, a street dead-ends into the problems with this intersection. Street Conditions an intersection, or where there are The average daily mid-block traffic In considering the existing inventory alignment issues causing multiple traffic counts, as seen in Table 2.16 below of roads the study examined problem signals or signs to be close together. and marked on Map 2.5 are a measure intersections, the trends in mid-block
lan Table 2.16: University Area Traffic Counts P Mid-Block Traffic Counts, 2000 to 2005 (average daily traffic) % Change Map # Road Station Location 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2000 - 2005 1 Central Ave. Zach Curlin and Deloach 15,366 18,410 20,027 14,960 15,410 21,697 41.20% 2 Echles St. Spotswood Ave. & Carnes Ave. 3,782 3,429 4,996 3,510 3,792 5,031 33.02% omprehensive 3 Getwell Rhodes & Sharpe 31,434 34,042 33,299 29,060 30,805 31,624 .60% C 4 Goodlett Southern & Central 19,813 21,677 23,356 19,650 24,060 21,661 9.33% 5 Greer St. Midland Ave. & Milton Ave. 3,869 4,133 4,265 4,210 4,410 4,263 10.18% istrict 6 Highland Sam Cooper & Walnut Grove N/A N/A N/A 25,090 26,059 21,769 N/A D 7 Park Goodlett & Perkins 21,408 24,558 25,395 24,230 24,782 22,850 6.74% 8 Poplar Highland & Goodlett 29,306 31,969 31,810 28,180 30,190 29,615 1.05% 9 Southern Highland & Goodlett 8,546 10,003 9,942 7,880 10,064 10,148 18.75% niversity Source: MPO U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 58 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii of traffic flow along several University of Echles and Southern in the study Sidewalks District streets. As seen in Table 2.15 area as a LOS “D” meaning that while it Sidewalks and pedestrian trails the areas highest traffic of 29,615 operates below capacity it may become can connect various points within a vehicles per day is along Poplar Avenue congested during peak hours. Addition- neighborhood or community. Pedes- between Highland and Goodlett. Table ally, the Memphis Area MPO has desig- trianism, or walking, is an important 2.16 also provides the percent change nated all parts of Goodlett, Getwell and mode of transportation for residents in traffic from 2000 to 2005. It is impor- the southern section of Highland Street of urban areas that is encouraged by tant to note that average daily traffic as LOS “E” meaning that these street well-planned systems of sidewalks counts in the area are trending upwards segments are operating at capacity and and trails. These systems also provide with some roads such as Central Avenue any unforeseen incidents in these areas opportunities for neighborhood residents between Zach Curlin and Deloach and could greatly impact traffic flow to participate in health-related activities, Echles Street between Spottswood and (MPO, 2004). such as walking and hiking, and enhance Carnes showing a much higher percent The MPO’s Long Range Transportation relationship-building and cohesion increase than other roads in the area. Plan (LRTP) currently addresses two among residents. While average daily traffic counts are roads within the University Area. It is Title 12: Streets, Sidewalks and Public an important tool for transportation anticipated that between 2020 and 2026 Places of the City of Memphis Code of planners, they do not paint the full some attention will be given to improv- Ordinances regulates the construction picture of roadway congestion. To fully ing Poplar Avenue but no information and maintenance of sidewalks in the city.
understand the condition of roads in has been provided as to the specific In general, any lot adjoining a public lan
the area one must look to the volume- plans for the improvements. However street grade with curb and gutters is P to-capacity ratios. This measurement the LRTP does say that at some point required to have sidewalks provided by considers the number of vehicles using between 2020 and 2026 Southern and maintained by the property owner a roadway segment in light of the Avenue west of Highland Street will be (Sec. 12-24-3 and Sec. 12-28-2). The capacity of that roadway segment. expanded from four (4) lanes to five required sidewalk widths generally range This measurement is expressed in (5) lanes and that Southern Avenue from 4-6 feet (Sec. 12-28-10). As part the Level of Service (“LOS”) of the between Highland Street and Goodlett of the comprehensive planning effort, a omprehensive roadway. A LOS of “A” describes a will be expanded from two (2) lanes sidewalk survey of the University District C roadway that is experiencing the least to four (4) lanes (MPO, 2004). The was conducted in September, 2007. amount of congestion while an LOS of expansion of Southern Avenue between The results of the sidewalk survey of istrict “F” describes a roadway that is above Highland and Goodlett will have the the University District indicate that a D capacity and is experiencing a large greatest impact on the University majority of the study area has sidewalks amount of congestion. District because this increased capacity on at least one side of the street (see will further affect the pedestrian traffic The Memphis area MPO has designated Map 2.6: University District Bike and
crossing Southern Avenue. niversity the sections of Poplar Avenue and parts Pedestrian Facilities on next page). U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 59 page 60 Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix appendix Notable exceptions include the entire makes sidewalks along these roads 40 mile loop that takes riders past some ii interior of Red Acres neighborhood, extremely dangerous to travel. of the more historic areas of the city. Joffre Street in the Joffre Civic Area and Sidewalks ranged from 4-6 feet The second is the East Memphis Tour Grandview Avenue in the University Area throughout the University District with which is a 50 mile route that takes riders Neighborhood. According to Sec. 12-28- an average width of four feet. It is diffi- past several East Memphis neighbor- 2 of the City ordinance, property owners cult for two or more people to comfort- hoods. While the routes are signed for on some streets, such as “L” streets and ably pass by one another on four foot cyclists, there are currently no lanes nor cul-de-sacs with a minimum number wide sidewalks. Although the neighbor- any other indication for motorists that of lots, are not required to install hoods appear to be generally adequately the street is shared with non-motorized sidewalks. Streets that would benefit connected by sidewalks, many of the vehicles. from having sidewalks on both sides sidewalks are not pedestrian-friendly. The majority of the bike racks and bike of the street due to higher volumes of During the Phase I community meeting, supportive facilities in the University pedestrian traffic or for safety purposes some neighborhood residents indicated District are located in and immediately include Southern Avenue between that the area is not pedestrian-friendly. adjacent to the main campus. The exact Highland and Normal streets south of They also indicated that they would like location of each rack can be seen on the railroad tracks, Zach Curlin Avenue a more pedestrian friendly Highland Map 2.6 (see the previous page). to the east of the University’s Main Street commercial area. Campus, and the east side of Goodlett There are also several bike support Street along Audubon Park. Pedestrian Trails facilities located in and around the UD. The University District has one The Pink Palace Museum, Memphis lan A visual inspection of sidewalks pedestrian trailway clearly marked. Botanic Gardens, and the fire station at P conducted during the sidewalk survey The one mile “Walking Trail” is located 3426 Southern Ave all provide first aid, suggests that most sidewalks in the on the east side of the University’s water, and rest areas for cyclists. University District are in fair condition. Main Campus and utilizes sidewalk on Sidewalks in the area to the west of the west side of Zach Curlin as part Public Transit the University’s Main Campus between Memphis Area Transit Authority (MATA)
of the trail. The remainder of the trail omprehensive Patterson and Highland, most of the provides bus service throughout the
is formed using interior Campus side- C sidewalks adjacent to Park Avenue University District (UD) and the Greater walks. No other records of pedestrian University Area (GUA), (see Map 2.6 on between Semmes and Goodlett streets, trails were found and no indications of and sidewalks in areas of the Messick page 63). As a result of the University informal walkways were observed during istrict Buntyn neighborhood exhibited signifi- District’s central location, transit riders the sidewalk survey. D cant cracking and poor maintenance. have access to various educational The number of curb cuts and driveway Bicycle Routes and medical institutions, retail centers, openings on Park Avenue and Highland There are currently two recreational community facilities, and recreational
routes that are located in the GUA. One facilities in all directions, including niversity
is the Central Memphis Tour which is a downtown and the medical center, U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 61 appendix ii Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix various medical institutions in east tan Planning Organization (MPO) in its Rail Freight Facilities Memphis, such as Baptist East, Christian most recent transportation plan. Older than the University District itself, Brothers University, the Memphis Inter- According to the Memphis Area Transit the Southern Railway, which parallels national Airport, and the Oak Court Mall, Authority’s Memphis Regional Transit Southern Avenue, has played an integral to name a few. MATA changes its routes Plan (June 1997) and Regional Rail role in the growth and development twice per year to adjust for routes that Program – Phase 1 – Corridor Selection of the area. Originally known as the are over- or under-capacity. There are Final Report (March 2001), no immedi- Memphis & Charleston Railway, it was an currently no plans for future expansion ate plans exist for the Norfolk Southern important factor in the establishment of within the UD, and any future expansion Rail Line. The airport corridor appears to small farms and subsequent suburban of MATA’s routes within the neighbor- be the main focus for a LRT line residential development by providing hood will be contingent upon the need this time. the linkage to the City of Memphis. for new routes as a result of population Today, the rail line is owned by Norfolk increases. MATA has indicated that the City of Southern Railway and is used for Memphis stands ready to acquire any Existing routes provide service Monday transporting coal and other freight from rail right-of-way that is abandoned by Atlanta to Memphis. through Friday from early morning to a railroad. Along with the Naval Facility, the late evening, and many also provide the University of Memphis is recognized The Intermodal Freight Transportation service on Saturday and Sunday. by MATA as a high priority transit area Studies program at the University of Peak morning ridership usually occurs given the size of the activity center Memphis estimates that an average of between 6:00 A.M. and 9:00 A.M., and 30 trains, up to 1.25 miles long, pass lan (total trips generated) and the concen-
P peak evening ridership usually occurs tration of trips (number of destinations through the University District on the between 3:00 P.M. and 6:00 P.M. The 50 within a short walking distance) in the single set of tracks leading in and out Poplar is the most popular route within activity area. of the Norfolk Southern rail yard just the University District. It has service west of Semmes Avenue outskirts of the Monday through Friday and has a night The Memphis Regional Transit Plan also University District (M. Lipinski, personal route. Currently, the 33 Highland only reports that the E Memphis / German- communication, Oct. 4, 2007). omprehensive runs during peak times; thus, there is town / Collierville LRT Corridor is 24.2
C The rail line has been a constant source a service gap in the middle of the day. miles, would require 19 stations and of physical and psychological division However, all other existing routes within will potentially have the third highest for the neighborhood, and as such has the neighborhood provide frequent ridership per mile (behind the Cordova istrict proven to be a barrier to both redevel- service. corridor and the Whitehaven/Mississippi D corridor). Capital cost for the E Memphis opment and unity within the area. Addi- The Norfolk-Southern railroad right- / Germantown / Collierville LRT corridor tionally, at-grade crossings at six inter- of-way through the neighborhood has is estimated at $424,600,000. This sections in the neighborhood – Semmes, been designated as a potential Light Rail represents the lowest per mile capital Greer, Prescott, Highland, Patterson niversity Transit (LRT) Corridor by the Metropoli- and Goodlett – create substantial traffic U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis costs of all corridors studied. page 62 page 63 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii problems for both pedestrian and auto- System’s only adult education center, the University District, along with a few mobile travel. providing a variety of education and important characteristics. With the railway currently at or near training programs. Table 2.17 below lists Perhaps the most important fact to full capacity, Norfolk Southern will be the public and private schools serving note from the table is the lack of schools investigating opportunities for growth elsewhere in the Table 2.17: Primary and Secondary Schools Memphis area, particularly Name of School Location Located Grades Enroll- Capacity at the Canadian National’s In UD ment expanding intermodal terminal at Frank C. Pidgeon Park in Public South Memphis. However no Campus School 535 Zach Curlin Y 1 thru 6 342 significant changes should be Hanley Elementary 680 Hanley N K thru 5 817 960 expected for Norfolk Southern’s Sherwood Elementary 1156 Robin Hood N K thru 5 665 800 operations in the University Lane District within the next fifteen White Station Elemen- 4840 Chickasaw N K thru 6 524 920 to twenty-five years. tary Road Community Facilities Colonial Middle 4778 Sea Isle Rd N 6 thru 8 1,112 1,100 Schools Fairview Middle 750 E. Parkway S. N 7 thru 9 337 600 lan The University District is
P Sherwood Middle 3480 Rhodes N 6 thru 8 845 1,300 located within the Memphis White Station Middle 5465 Mason Road N 7 thru 8 1,099 1,100 City School System. There are East High 3206 Poplar N 9 thru 12 942 1,550 four public elementary schools, four middle schools, and two White Station High 514 S. Perkins N 9 thru 12 2,155 2,055 high schools that serve the Road
omprehensive area. In addition to the public
C school system, there are also Private two private elementary schools St. Anne Elementary 670 S. Highland Y Pre-K thru 176 within the District: St. Anne
istrict 8 Catholic Elementary and Pres-
D Presbyterian Day 4025 Poplar Y Pre-K thru 575 byterian Day School. In addition School 6* to these learning facilities for children and teens, there is also * Boys only the Messick Adult Center, which Source: Memphis City Schools - Website:http://www.mcsk12.net/; St. Anne Catholic Elementary - Website: http://www.stannehigh- niversity land.net; Presbyterian Day School - Website: http://www.pdsmemphis.org/
U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis is the Memphis City School page 64 page 65 Map 2.9
page 66 page 67 appendix ii Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix located within the University District. ization of the grade sequence. White Parks & Recreation Of all these public schools utilized Station Elementary, Fairview Middle, and A Comprehensive Master Parks Plan by University District residents, only East High have all been restructured in was completed in 1999 for Memphis the Campus School is located within terms of number of grades as part of Park Service to provide a framework for the actual District boundaries. And this standardization process. 22 years. The plan inventoried the avail- although the Campus School is part of ability of parks and whether the inven- Libraries the Memphis Public School System, it There are two public libraries located tory and condition met recommended primarily serves the families of faculty within the Greater University Area: the standards for parks. Recommendations and staff of The University of Memphis. Highland Street Library and the Central were included in the plan for sections of Maps 2.8 through 2.10 display the Library. The Highland Street Library’s the Greater University Area (GUA). attendance zones for these elementary, primary service area includes the Recommendations in the Greater middle, and secondary public schools. University Planning District and Orange University Area include major improve- It is important to note that, despite its Mound, Buntyn and Normal Station ments at the Fairgrounds to turn it into a unified appearance as a conglomeration neighborhoods. The facility had renova- regional park and aquatic center, turning of adjoining neighborhoods, the Univer- tions in 1959 and 1999 and was given a Sam Cooper Boulevard into a parkway sity District is dissected into several grant to improve its landscaping in 2003 with a tree lined median, and adding a parts by these attendance zones, (http://www.memphislibrary.org). greenway along the Southern railroad. dispersing children to schools through- Other recommendations for new parks out the Midtown and East The Central Library serves the entire include a new neighborhood park and lan Memphis areas. metropolitan area of Memphis. In P addition to providing books, cds, and renovation of Galloway Golf Course. Of In 2006, Memphis City Schools various other media, the library also these recommendations, only Galloway released its Five Year Master Plan. The offers meeting rooms and a wide variety Golf Course completed renovations. plan has two important goals whose of facilities for the greater public. There While there are only two parks within implementation has already begun to are a total of 119 public computers with the University District, there are several affect the University District. The first
omprehensive variety of software for word process- parks in the GUA that provide recreation of these goals is a return to neighbor-
C ing, Internet research, and accessing areas for the population. The parks hood-based schools and the elimination library databases. Library staff also located in the University District include of satellite attendance zones that offer classes in computers and Internet Davis Park, which is located adjacent to shuttle children across the city. Shifts in istrict research on a regular basis. The library a community center and has a lighted attendance zones have expanded and D has a radio station and a cable access baseball field and a basketball court, and contracted some of the zones that serve show in order to provide the community Galloway Gold Course, a public 18 hole the University District, but no changes with both cultural programming as well golf course. The parks in the GUA that have occurred within the District itself. as services for the disabled. also serve residents of the University
niversity The second major goal is the standard- District include East High Sportplex, U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 68 page 69 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii Chickasaw Lake in Chicksaw Gardens, acquire property, Memphis Park Services the primary police entity but parts of Audubon, Tobey, Avon and Howze Park. should look at old commercial sites and the University District have the benefit East High Sportplex contains a track collaborate with the University of “double coverage” by the University and athletic field as well as playground of Memphis. Police. The Memphis Fire Department equipment. Audubon provides a lighted The 1999 plan also calls for greenways has the sole fire fighting jurisdiction over softball field, a soccer field, a walking and new parkways to be developed the University District. Map 2.12 (on the trail, 12 tennis courts, and an 18 hole in Memphis. The plan recommends next page) and Table 2.18 below offer a golf course. Tobey Park has multiple ball evaluating the Sam Cooper right of snapshot of the location and resources fields. There is a ball field, basketball way and the L&N railroad corridor that of the university area’s police and court, and play equipment located in links Overton Park to the Wolf River fire assets. Avon Park. Howze Park includes a ball to Shelby Farms and Cordova for a Memphis Police Department field and a swimming pool. greenway and trail. The railroad corridor The University District is located in At least one neighborhood park should along Southern Avenue that links to MPD’s Central Precinct with the main be located within one mile of any resi- the Fairgrounds, University of Memphis, station located at 426 Tillman. The dential area. Map 2.11 (on the previous Audubon Park, and Germantown should Central Precinct maintains 142 officers page) shows the locations of parks in also be considered for a greenway that cover approximately 26 square the GUA. Every area within the Univer- and trail. miles and serve over 90,000 residents. sity District is within one mile of a park, In addition to the main Tillman Station, however, some areas within the GUA are Fire and Police the MPD has a training center located lan There are two separate police depart-
P more than one mile from a park. ments and one fire department that at 79 Flicker Street and a police sub- To increase the amount of park space serve the University District area. The station located at 2698 Lamar. While in the area, Memphis Park Services Memphis Police Department (MPD) is all MPD facilities are located outside should acquire new of the University District boundary the property if suitable Table 2.18: Police and Fire Assets in the Greater University Area
omprehensive land can be found Type Address Zip Assets
C and develop it with play equipment, Police 426 Tilman (Central Precinct) 38112 142 Officers tennis courts, and Police 79 Flicker (Training Facility) 38114
istrict fitness trails for University Police 100 Zach Curlin (Parking Garage) 38152 30 Officers
D young families, Fire Station 16 2203 Lamar Ave./Garfield Station (Orange Mound) 38114 Engine 16, Truck 7 young professional, Fire Station 17 611 National/Broad Ave. (North of Chickasaw) 38122 Engine 17, Truck 8 university affiliates, and the elderly. Fire Station 18 3426 Southern/Ellsworth (West of highland) 38111 Engine 18 niversity In attempting to Fire Station 30 1150 Getwell/Rhodes Ave. (South Campus) 38111 Engine 30, Truck 12 U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 70 page 71 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii three seen in Map 2.12 and highlighted neighborhood groups. Through the 2003 that all property is served, that most in Table 2.18 are located within the Mutual Assistance Agreement, University electric lines are above ground and Greater University Area. of Memphis Police Services has jurisdic- that there are no major easements that tion in parts of the University District would restrict future development. No University Police The University of Memphis maintains area. They recommend that residents problems regarding capacity based on its own Police force consisting of contact both University Police Services current usage rates have been identi- approximately 30 police officers. The and the Memphis Police Department. In fied. There are no immediate plans for University Police have the same rights October 2007, a policy was established major electrical improvements to the and powers as MPD officers but they are so that any call to the MPD switchboard Greater University Area or the University restricted in the territory in which they requiring a response is also forwarded District at this time. to the University of Memphis Police have jurisdiction. The University Police Voice and Data Services station is located in the first floor of the Services dispatcher so that University BellSouth and Comcast are the parking garage at 100 Zach Curlin and police can be dispatched. The University principal providers for voice and data serves the areas west of Goodlett, east of Memphis Police Services employs a services. Approaching each company as of Highland, south of Poplar, and north full-time officer whose primary respon- a potential customer revealed that both of Park. In addition, the University Police sibilities include serving as a liaison with voice and data services are available to patrol the Park Avenue Campus. The community organizations and residents. the entire area. Each company offers a areas that are served by the University Memphis Fire Department tiered service plan with an escalating Police are also patrolled and protected The University District is served by two cost structure associated with additional lan
P by the Memphis Police Department’s fire stations within the University District services or increased performance. Central Precinct. boundary and an additional two stations Zayo offers a dedicated internet access within the Greater University Area. A CoPPS (DIA) for businesses and internet service Community Police Problem-solving total of four engines and three trucks providers (ISP) wishing to maintain high Team (CoPPS) offers a mechanism are located within the Greater Univer- levels of data services. Zayo’s primary sity Area and are capable of prompt
omprehensive to link the University Police Services trunk line runs down Poplar Avenue responses to all parts of the University
C with community needs. Through the with a service line extending into the program, all community residents have District. There are currently no plans University of Memphis Campus. A fiber access to Unversity Police Services and to expand the fire coverage within the optic line also extends South on Greer University District. istrict the resources available. This program Street with an extension along Midland
D is also unique in that it provides a Utilities to Highland Street. feedback loop. UM Police Services, in Electric Water addition to responding to complaints, Memphis Light Gas and Water is The Sheahan Pumping Station serves will provide feedback of the results of the study area’s provider for electric the University District’s water needs by niversity the investigation to both individuals and U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis service. The utility company indicates page 72 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii pumping water to various businesses, more years they have been in operation. public from utilizing campus facilities. A institutions, and residences. It has a However, the University of Memphis has stronger university-community partner- capacity to pump 35 million gallons of grown significantly over this time period ship seeks to encourage public use of water per day. However, on average, it and many areas in the study area have university facilities, especially by local pumps approximately 21 million gallons been developed or are being redevel- neighborhood residents. The inventory of water per day, with peak usage oped to include uses that generate below describes those facilities at The occurring during summer months for more waste water than was originally University of Memphis that are currently activities such as lawn irrigation and anticipated. Moreover, the sewer lines accessible by the community. have not kept up with this growth and domestic consumption. The pumping Arts & Culture station currently meets the demand therefore may not have the available The Art Museum of Memphis (AMOM) of the area and there are no plans for capacity for additional development. is open Monday-Saturday, 9-5 and is improvements. Gas free to the public. Scheduled tours Furthermore, the University of Existing gas infrastructure within the are available. Theatre & Dance perfor- Memphis Groundwater Institute works University District is currently function- mances are offered to the public. The in conjunction with the water division ing under capacity, operating at 29.1 minimum membership, Friend of the of Memphis Light Gas and Water percent of its capacity. The system is U of M Theatre, is $50.00. Information (MLGW) to monitor the condition of the designed to operate under winter condi- regarding ticket price for one perfor- neighborhood’s water supply to protect tions, the time during which it receives mance is unavailable. Music recitals and it from pollutants, such as oil, fertilizers, its peak demand. Further, any new performances are offered to the public. lan and other pollutants, often disposed development or an increase in popula- The minimum cost per ticket is $5.00 P of improperly, which contaminate the tion would not pose a threat to the for non-students and seniors. The music drinking water. In addition, the Tennes- current gas regulating facilities. department also conducts a Community see Department of Environment and The University Campus Music School, whose offerings include Conservation has several divisions adult and children private and group University campus facilities are gener- lessons and a summer camp. Fees are which monitor groundwater, including omprehensive ally informally regarded as community charged for participation in the Commu- the Division of Remediation (DOR), the C facilities because many university-related nity Music School. Division of Underground Storage Tanks activities, such as theatre performances (UST), and the Division of Solid Hazard- and speakers, are open to the public. Sports & Recreation ous Waste Management (DSWM). The level of activity at the University can The University’s Hyperplex facilities are istrict
available to community residents on a D Sewer be overwhelming for many community The existing sewer lines within the residents, especially if directional and membership basis. A full membership University District were designed to event signage is not adequately supplied is $720 per year. There is no indication that sports and recreation facilities are
accommodate a mixture of uses and by the University; and lack of parking niversity have functioned well over the 50 or on the university’s campus can deter the U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 73 appendix Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix ii available for community use other than non-University students, faculty or staff drainage by removing material from the through the purchase of a membership. is limited in all libraries. Bayou’s bottom and by removing bridge pilings which were causing water backup Public Open Space Meeting Space The University’s primary public spaces The University has a variety of meeting during periods of intense runoff. Since are located in front of McWherter spaces including the Fogelman Execu- the road bridges were no longer able to Library and to the east of the Admin- tive Center, the FedEx Institute and the support the weight of traffic once the istration Building. The Alumni Building Michael D. Rose Theatre. These facilities pilings were removed, two pedestrian located on Normal Street also has a are made available to the public and bridges were built to allow access from considerable amount of open space fees are charged for the use of the one side of the creek to the other. The on the south side of the facility. These facilities and services provided. bridges are located at Goodman and Douglass and Goodman and Marion. spaces are accessible to community Environmental Conditions residents. One neighborhood association Soils holds its yearly picnic on the grounds of Drainage. The University District is Soils comprise an important component the Alumni Building. The University has primarily located in the Black Bayou of any environmental survey. Soil prop- also been designated as an arboretum Drainage District which is part of the erties like texture, structure, or density and its trail is a arboretum trail. Nonconnah Basin. Poplar Avenue serves play an important role in determining as the main ridge line with areas south the types of urban uses that are best K-12 Education draining into the Nonconnah and land The University of Memphis Campus suited for that particular location. north eventually draining into the Wolf Overall, there are few limitations in the lan School serves students in grades 1-6. River. (See Map 2.13 on page 76.) P The school is located on the University University District, due in large part to of Memphis campus and is described While the majority of the University the fact that the area has been urban- as a laboratory school of the University. District is served by the Black Bayou in ized for a number of years. The primary Children of University faculty and staff the southeastern portion of the study soil types that can be found throughout register to attend the school and a area, Cypress Creek provides drainage the study area can be seen in Map 2.13. for the northeastern part of the District.
omprehensive limited number of spaces are available There are four main soil types in and
C to neighborhood children. Consideration With increased additions of impervious around the University District – Calloway is being given to expanding the campus surfaces, primarily due to building on Silt Loam, Filled Land, Graded Land school to grade 12. the University’s main campus, storm Silty Materials, and Memphis Silt Loam
istrict as shown in the map above. These are Library Facilities water runoff has created flooding D Several library facilities are open to the problems during periods of heavy rain. described as follows. public. These include the McWherter To mitigate the increasing incidence n Ca- Calloway Silt Loam, somewhat Library, the Music Library and the Law of flooding in the Normal Station poorly drained, uppermost 20” is Library. Non-university patrons cannot neighborhood, city engineers increased readily penetrated by roots, water niversity
U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis check out books and internet access for the overall capacity of the Black Bayou and air, fragipan starts at 15-25”, page 74 Evaluations of Conditions and Trends Appendix appendix strong to medium acidity, low control are the main problems, ii natural fertility, when wet in winter washing occurs after disturbance, and spring use of heavy machinery grass should be established in my injure tree roots and cause soil natural waterways, heavy applica- compaction, plant competition is tions of fertilizer can be used, moderate, suitable for bottomland vegetative cover needed to control hardwoods runoff and conserve moisture. n Fs- Filled Land (Silty), consists of Both drainage and soil conditions soil material that has been moved contribute to the overall capacity of infill for the purpose of leveling and and redevelopment in the University building, some areas are suitable District. New development and improved for development as recreational public right-of-way must consider rain- sites such as tennis courts, golf water run-off and erosion as factors in courses, and parks future sustainability. n Gr- Graded Land Silty materials, graded for subdivisions a few inches up to 5 feet, 1-5% slope after grading, small areas of filled land,
ok for plants and trees if seedbed is lan prepped with fertilizer and enough P water n MeB- Memphis Silt Loam, deep well drained soil on tops of broad low lying hills, plow layer is 7” thick, subsoil is silt loam several feet omprehensive thick, layer below surface layer can C be more clayey, in wooded areas surface layer is 12” thick, strong to medium acidity with high natural istrict fertility, root zone is very deep with D high water capacity, one of the most productive upland sires in the
whole state, runoff and erosion niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 75 page 76 appendix Vision 2030 Appendix iii Land Development Issue: Residential Issue (1): n Promote redevelopment which Problem properties negatively impact Large number of single family rental encourages the reduction of blight the University District and lead to units with lowered maintenance in through the use of city, county, and decreased property values. addition to scattered substandard private funds. housing and lots is creating instability n Confront criminal element by Goal and lowered property values. n Eliminate problem properties in working with owners to evict the University Neighborhood and Goal problem tenants. improve on-going maintenance of n Attract single-family homeowners. Residential Issue (3): all properties. Policy Recommendations Duplex zoning over single family areas Policy Recommendations n Create housing incentives, such threatens stability for owner occupied n Prepare guidelines for University as affordable home loans to housing. District property improvement that attract faculty to the University of extend beyond city standards to Memphis. Goal/Policy Recommendations n Restore single-family zoning to include beautification and environ- n Promote cultural amenities, such single-family areas. mental design to prevent crime. as the Children’s Museum, The Pink n Encourage development of multi- n Prepare and distribute to both Palace, and the Memphis Botanic family, townhome and condominium property owners and property occu- Gardens. housing options in appropriate pants Memphis City ordinances and n Encourage development of new locations. lan neighborhood standards regarding middle income housing options. P property maintenance and improve- n Residential Issue (4): Overflow ment. Residential Issue (2): parking from the university blocks Multifamily rental housing is becoming residents’ access to their homes n Establish and maintain a written marginally productive with resulting and contributes to lowered property procedure for reporting violations maintenance and occupancy problems values. to the City’s Office of Code Enforce- negatively affecting single family land omprehensive ment and for monitoring actions by Goal uses and quality of life. C the City. n Encourage appropriate use of parking in University District. Residential Goal
n Ensure compatibility between multi- istrict Residential units within the sub-areas family and single family develop- Policy Recommendations n Establish a University District D of the University District are generally ments. resident parking permit system. consistent as to style, price and main- tenance. However, conflicts exist which Policy Recommendations n Encourage carpooling and the use n Enforce housing code relative to cause problems for future prosperity. of mass transit. niversity
multi-family property. U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 77 appendx iii Vision 2030 Appendix Residential Issue (5): and narrow, disconnected sidewalks n Promote mixed-use development Student housing choices are limited to discourage pedestrian access. that supports housing and job campus-supplied housing or marginal Neglected commercial properties also opportunities for neighborhood rental units lacking connectivity to the act as a blighting influence on the residents. University and/or University District surrounding residential neighborhoods. n Encourage investors to return long commercial, retail and recreational uses. These very same residents and stake- strips of converted commercial uses Goal holders envisioned a South Highland along South Highland Street and n Develop high density housing Street with more dense, walkable Park Avenue back to residential adjacent to the University. commercial areas, geared towards uses. neighborhood residents, not just long- n Encourage retail, dining, and other Policy Recommendations distance commuters driving through n Encourage private mixed use devel- services that can connect public and opment in close proximity to the the neighborhood. They foresaw Park private spaces and increase street- campus and nearby amenities to Avenue returned to its original resi- level activity. enhance students’ experiences and dential use, free from the plethora of n Encourage university-related real to promote social interaction and unsustainable, come-and-go businesses that blemish the streetscape. estate uses in District commercial student community involvement. nodes.Create a unique identity and Commercial Issue: n Encourage the development of sense of place for commercial core attractive residence halls with Run down and neglected commercial through a comprehensive branding lan amenities, such as classrooms, uses along Park and Highland discour- strategy, utilizing locational identi- P tutoring centers, and recreational age pedestrian access and act as blight- fiers such as placards, lamppost spaces to enhance students’ college ing influences on surrounding residential banners, street signs, collaborative experience. areas. community public art projects, Commercial Goal unique street furniture, and other n Promote vibrant and walkable physical displays.
omprehensive Poplar, Highland and Park serve not commercial and mixed-use develop-
C only as major transportation arterials, ment in the University District. Goal but also as the locations for the majority n Develop pedestrian-friendly of commercial uses in the University Policy Recommendations streetscapes in and around neigh- istrict District. The community residents and n Focus on key nodes of activity for borhood commercial areas.
D commercial redevelopment. stakeholders described the condition of Policy Recommendations these commercial uses as a liability to n Develop overlay district with design n Prioritize capital improvement the neighborhood. Auto-oriented busi- guidelines. projects to carry out streetscape nesses dominate the commercial areas, improvements in targeted niversity
U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis commercial areas. page 78 appendix Vision 2030 Appendix iii n Tame busy intersections with curb n Develop local community board their lifestyle choices. In this section, extensions to provide safer to review, advise and make we address issues related to Streets, pedestrian travel. recommendations regarding the Sidewalks and Pedestrian Trails, Public redevelopment of University District transit and Bicycle Facilities by n Develop and implement a street tree policy to add a verdant canopy institutional facilities. establishing goals and policies designed to encourage multiple modes in and along commercial districts. n Create incentives to maintain current ownership of institutional of transportation. n Install uniform, human-scale street furniture in major commercial areas properties while maximizing the Streets to promote increased use of use of the property through Streets provide the connectivity among public space. private development. District neighborhoods and serve as the dominant public use for automobiles, Institutional bicycles and pedestrians. Transportation Land uses by religious and fraternal Streets Issue (1): organizations have been affected by Multiple modes of transportation Major streets in the study area such as a shifting local demographic base, the encourage reduced reliance upon Central, Highland, and Southern discour- reorientation of fraternal organizations’ the automobile as the primary form age non-motorized modes of trans- role in today’s society, and declines in of transportation. A reduction in portation and create barriers between resources distributed from regional and automobile traffic has positive effects neighborhoods. national affiliated organizations. including enhancing the walkability and lan
Goal P Institutional Issue: connectivity of the University District, improving air quality and reducing other n Redevelop Southern, Highland Declining membership in religious and Central avenues as high- and fraternal organizations results in negative environmental effects; creating safer streets—especially in residential performance streets that promote less diversity and fewer neighborhood connectivity between anchors. areas—and increasing the health and well-being of community residents by neighborhoods. omprehensive Goal providing walkable routes as an alterna- Policy Recommendations C n Redevelop abandoned religious and tive. Sustainable urban neighborhoods n Add neighborhood identification fraternal organization land uses as offer accessibility to multiple modes of signs along Southern, Highland, and
community facilities or other not- transportation. Connectivity between Central Avenues. istrict for-profit uses. neighborhoods is enhanced and D n Add distinctive street lights that supports the development of a sense of Policy Recommendations define the seams. n Encourage alternative uses of place. A more diverse population can be properties by local and regional developed as residents find that alter- nonprofit organizations. nate forms of transportation support niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 79 appendx iii Vision 2030 Appendix n Add traffic calming pedestrian n Widen existing sidewalks and permeable pavement to allow for crossings at all major pedestrian require wider sidewalk construction greater water infiltration. crossings. with future development. n Increase the amount of planters n Change the character of Highland Streets Issue (2): and landscaping around and by utilizing context sensitive design Congestion on Park Ave. and Highland throughout the parking lots. solutions. St. increases “pass-through” traffic in n Line outer sidewalks with water residential areas of the n Widen sidewalks along Highland retention planters. Ave from Park to Central in order University District. n Treat surface runoff as a natural to accommodate and continue the Goal resource. “Main Street” character. n Preserve traditional street grid system throughout the neighbor- Goal n Allow street parking on Highland n Improve visual impact of University where possible. hood while discouraging pass- through external traffic. District parking areas. n Replace center turn lane on Highland and Central with Policy Recommendations Policy Recommendations n Narrow the width of connectors by n Implement light pollution laws to restricted, tree-lined medians and control the timing and type of light pedestrian refuges. placing water retention planters between sidewalks and streets allowed in parking lots. n Reduce the amount of east-west
lan n Place landscaped medians through- n Avoid expansive surface parking lots traffic that turns onto Highland by P out neighborhood. by building smaller parking decks realigning and connecting Southern around campus with ground floor Ave. at Highland. Streets Issue (3): activity. Paved surfaces to support automotive Goal traffic create a range of secondary Sidewalks and n Encourage significant pedestrian Pedestrian Trails activity throughout the University impacts on the surrounding community omprehensive District. including increased surface runoff, Sidewalks Issue: C flooding, and visual pollution. Residents of the University District Policy Recommendations indicate that many areas are not pedes- n Convert the University District into Goal n Decrease surface runoff from trian friendly, especially around the istrict a pedestrian priority zone by requir- impervious surfaces such as railroad tracks and along major streets. D ing automotive traffic to yield at all pedestrian crossings. parking lots. Goal Provide a safe, convenient and n Improve streetscape by planting Policy Recommendations n Replace traditional asphalt with complete sidewalk systems throughout niversity additional street trees and main- the University District. U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis taining existing trees. page 80 appendix Vision 2030 Appendix iii Policy Recommendations Public Transit rail transit would work in conjunc- n Establish a multiyear schedule for tion with existing bus service or the Public Transit Issue (1): sidewalk repair and construction. proposed neighborhood shuttle system Distances between activity nodes when it becomes a viable mode n Ensure that sidewalks are created discourage widespread use of commer- of transportation. on both sides of all streets. cial and public facilities in the University District. n Encourage the use of innovative Goal n Establish a frequent and accessible materials and designs on sidewalks. Goal multi-modal transit system within n Improve intra-district public trans- n Encourage artistic expression on the University District that is linked portation to increase connectivity to some sidewalks. to proposed light rail corridors. neighborhood businesses, commu- n Provide street furniture, trash nity facilities and the University. Bicycle Facilities receptacles and covered bus stops Bicycle Facilities Issue: at major intersections and along Policy Recommendations Streets and other public spaces discour- Highland to encourage pedestrian n Encourage establishment of a age the use of bicycles for transporta- traffic and transit ridership. shuttle system, which would ease neighborhood congestion and tion purposes and increase the number n Create sidewalks to accommodate create better access to campus of barriers for both recreational and trees, utility poles, manhole covers facilities, surrounding businesses, commuter cyclists. and street furniture. and community facilities. Goal lan n Ensure that all sidewalks and street n Establish a shuttle system which n Provide safe and convenient bicycle P intersections are handicapped would eliminate the 33 Highland’s accessibility to the University accessible. service gap and allow MATA to District. increase service in University n Develop a neighborhood-wide Policy Recommendations pedestrian trail. District areas where the shuttle n Stripe city routes along Central
system may not run. omprehensive n Increase awareness of and and Goodlett to provide a visual spending on pedestrian safety since n Promote public-private partnerships reminder to cars that the lanes are C Memphis is one of the most danger- between MATA, the University shared with non-motorized vehicles. ous cities to be a pedestrian. of Memphis, ,area neighborhood n Stripe Highland Street for bicycle istrict associations and businesses to travel. establish guidelines and agree on D funding sources. n Provide connections between the university and surrounding neigh- Public Transit Issue (2): borhoods via bicycle. There is a need to establish how light niversity n Require any future road improve- U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 81 appendx iii Vision 2030 Appendix ments to include bicycle-supportive enrichment courses, can be offered Goal improvements. through schools and libraries. People are n Establish quality pre-K through 12 encouraged to make long-term commit- public education in the n Configure sensors at major inter- sections to detect bicycles with ments to neighborhoods when these University District. metal rims. resources are supplied. Local arts and culture can also benefit from educational Policy Recommendations n Establish early childhood education n Limit the number of access points facilities. Parks and other recreational for ages 0 to 5 in partnership with from parking lots to the street. areas provide community meeting the University. n Include the addition of bicycle facili- spaces, stimulate outdoor activities and ties along with required improve- contribute to a positive living environ- n Establish a Head Start Program in ments by developers. ment. Access to health and wellness the Messick community, possibly in facilities within neighborhood communi- partnership with Davis n Provide bicycle parking on every ties enhances the livability of the area. Community Center. block within commercial zones and Community-oriented safety services and higher density areas. n Increase awareness of programs programs more effectively respond to located on the south campus of the n Establish bicycle priority spaces at the needs of residents. Public utilities University of Memphis such as the the front of congested intersections that can accommodate higher urban Reading Center. along Highland Ave. densities provide the structure needed for revitalization and growth through n Pursue development of new
lan n Work with area bike shops to real estate development. The Commu- middle and high school education
P educate the public on the benefits nity Facilities section reviews those opportunities for University of bicycling and how to ride safely issues identified through data analysis District residents. in traffic. and community input and offers goals n Develop educational opportunities n Increase the signage in and around and policies to expand accessibility to for all ages of people in the neigh- area neighborhoods and along busy community facilities in the borhood ranging from workforce
omprehensive streets in order to make drivers University District. technical skills programs to adult
C aware of the presence of non- Schools and Libraries learning opportunities. motorized traffic. Schools Issue: n Improve awareness of and acces- Community Facilities sibility to programs available at the istrict There are limited public education facili- Messick Adult Education Center. D Community facilities provide a ties available within the vast array of services to community University District. n Develop partnerships with the residents. Opportunities for life-long University to provide continuing learning, from early childhood devel- education program for residents niversity opment programs to adult personal in the area, similar to Rhodes U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 82 appendix Vision 2030 Appendix iii College Meeman Center for Lifelong that encourage the accumulation of Policy Recommendations Learning. trash and proliferation of illicit activi- n Work with local neighborhood asso- Libraries Issue: ties into assets that are monitored and ciations to monitor neighborhood The main University library and the maintained by neighborhood associa- parks and ensure expedient repairs Highland branch of the Memphis library tions. and graffiti removal. system are not linked to maximize Goal n Revitalize Davis Park to create access and resources to the University n Utilize vacant lots for community neighborhood anchor for the District. gardens. Messick Buntyn neighborhood. Goal Policy Recommendations n Create a neighborhood park for the n Enhance linkages among libraries in n Empower neighborhood asso- Normal Station neighborhood. the University District. ciations to purchase and maintain delinquent lots. Goal Policy Recommendations n Expand the University arboretum n Allow University District residents n Convert vacant lots into community into surrounding neighborhoods and full use of main campus library. gardens that can be used both for create a walking trail system that aesthetics and for growing produce encourages neighborhood residents n Create signage for the Highland library to show University link. that can be used in area restaurants to walk and explore the area. and homes. n Link the two library facilities Policy Recommendations through an integrated online library Goal n Develop a partnership with the lan system. n Create an area along the Black University to inventory existing tree P Bayou drainage way that invites use pattern in the University District. n Facilitate a stronger inter-library and improves area aesthetics. loan program between the two n Explore the potential for the systems. Policy Recommendations University of Memphis arboretum to n Add landscaping along the edges of be extended into the surrounding
n Highland library should promote the ditch. neighborhoods. omprehensive
its resources like computers and C internet to community residents. n Construct a paved path on one or n Construct signed walking paths both sides of the ditch for recre- that links each neighborhood to the Parks and Recreation
ational use. University campuses. istrict
Parks and Recreation Issue: n Replace chain link fence with orna- Health and Wellness D There is a need for more neighborhood mental fencing. parks throughout the University District. Several issues pertaining to health Vacant land interspersed throughout the Goal and wellness were uncovered during area could be converted from liabilities Encourage robust neighborhood parks. community meetings. Some of these niversity health related issues dealt with lack of U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 83 appendx iii Vision 2030 Appendix access to primary care facilities. Others Mason YMCA and local religious Policy Recommendations focused more on the preventative affiliates. n Promote community wide flu shots, measures such as exercise facilities, cholesterol screening, and blood n Promote the existing University’s dietary advice, and psychological well Audiology and Speech Pathology pressure monitoring through the being. These issues were synthesized Center services through partner- University of Memphis Health into the following two Health and ships with the UT Memphis, Mason Services, Mason YMCA, local Wellness Issues. YMCA and local religious affiliates. religious affiliates, and the annual Health and Wellness Issue (1): student health fair each October. n Explore extending medical services While some minor medical facilities are offered by the University through n Offer dietary counseling center to located within the University District, the the Student Health Services to students and the public through the overall lack of public medical care District residents on a sliding fee University of Memphis School of facilities places burdens on aging resi- scale according to income. Nursing and the Center for dents and residents lacking Community Health dependable transportation. n Set up a community “teaching” health clinic encompassing medical, n Expand and promote the Center for Goal dental, psychological, and audio- Community Health’s Stop n Promote Coordinated and coop- logical services and have it serve Smoking Clinic. erative efforts among University as the anchor for a renovated n Provide signage that offers viable and public and private medical shopping center at the corner of walking, jogging or bicycling lan resources to provide medical, Park and Getwell. routes through the University and P dental, vision, and psychological surrounding neighborhoods. therapeutic centers that are acces- Health and Wellness Issue (2): sible for students and Outlets for preventative medical treat- n Improve sidewalks and mark bicycle neighborhood residents. ment and exercise facilities operated lanes along area streets to increase by the public and the University are not the walkability and bikeability of Policy Recommendations well known. Lack of improved bikeways the neighborhood. omprehensive n Partnerships among area health and walkways and the perception of C n Partner with local bike shops to care organizations will provide lack of safety impede the walkability and offer casual neighborhood group access to primary and minor bikeability of streets and neighborhoods medical care for University bicycle rides.
istrict and decrease the likelihood of non-auto District residents. Safety
D commuting. n Promote the existing University’s Personal safety was consistently Psychological Services Center Goal n Promote the enhanced use of mentioned as a primary issue for citizens counseling and specialty services wellness facilities. in the University District. Residents niversity through partnerships with the concerns included violent and non- U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 84 Vision 2030 Appendix appendix violent crime rates, lack of community department, Memphis techniques to reduce criminal iii policing, limited jurisdiction of the Police Department and activity. University Police, and lack of involve- neighborhood residents. ment in the community by the Memphis Policy Recommendations n Identify crime “hot spots” and n Establish CPTED design center in Police Department. The following issues increase patrols in these areas. partnership with University depart- goals and policies address the concerns ments of Criminology, Planning, voiced by the neighborhood residents. n Provide police call boxes beyond the University in areas that provide Architecture, and Police Services Safety Issue (1): opportunity for criminal activities. and with the support of local devel- While the double coverage of University opers and Memphis Police. Police and Memphis Police Department n Offer closed circuit cameras and signage indicating such in areas n Increase natural surveillance by is a good asset and crime is the area is designing the urban environment comparatively lower than in other parts that provide opportunity for criminal activities. and the activities of people so as to of the city there is a sense of lack of maximize visibility and encourage safety in the neighborhood. n Maintain and expand neighborhood the social interaction of student Goal watch activities. and neighborhood residents in both n Reduce crime and the perception of n Establish a real estate advisory private and public spaces. crime in the university District. board that will work with problem n Place functional, transparent property owners to either renovate windows overlooking sidewalks and
Policy Recommendations lan n Show a coordinated effort on or condemn any structures used by parking lots. P the part of Memphis Police and vagrants, criminals, and drug users. n Use non-sight-limiting fences when University Police to get to know n Organize community groups to possible. neighborhood residents by attend- clean up neighborhood graffiti and ing community events. overgrown lots. n Identify problem areas such as alley ways, parking lots, ATM, stair wells, n Increase foot and bicycle patrols. Safety Issue (2): and other out of the way areas omprehensive
n Incorporate police in roles as Lack of good urban design has led to and ensure that they are well lit so C problem solvers as utilized in the a lack of activity on the streets and a as not to create blind spots or too “Koban” model with small open lack of natural guardianship which has bright so as to create glare or deep neighborhood subunits staffed by led to an increase in reinforcements for shadows. istrict retired or volunteer police officers. criminal activity. D n In areas where natural surveillance n Establish University District COACT Goal is poor utilize posted closed-circuit (Community Action) Unit in part- n Utilize Crime Prevention through television cameras.
nership with the University Police Environmental Design (CPTED) niversity n
Use few entrances and exits, U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 85 appendx Vision 2030 Appendix iii fencing, lighting, landscaping to organize work days where assis- match the desired growth limit access and control flow of tance in yard maintenance to the and development. people between public and private elderly or the clearing of overgrown Goal spaces. vegetation in vacant lots could be Sanitary sewer service to the University carried out. n Plant low thorny bushes in front of District should match the community’s first floor windows. n Increased citation activity by desired growth and development. construction code enforcement to n Install locking gates between front ticket property owners with rental Policy Recommendation and back yards. n Ensure that the Capital Improve- properties in disrepair or vacant ment Program addresses the instal- n Use low non-sight-limiting fences properties that are overgrown. between residential properties to lation of the necessary lines, pumps Utilities promote social interaction. or equipment needed to supply Utilities Issue: future demand and avoid n Use high closed wood or masonry Providing crucial infrastructure is para- piecemeal upgrades. fences between backyards and mount. The University Neighborhood public alley ways. Goal currently has access to adequate utilities Position the University District to be n Increase natural territorial rein- but evidence suggests some deficiencies a desirable location for companies forcement to create a sense of and opportunities for enhancements. demanding state of the art data services ownership and an environment and for residents needing wireless and lan Goal where “strangers” or “outsiders” improved data services. P Encourage underground utilities where are obvious and easily identified. appropriate. Policy Recommendations n Maintain landscaping and structures n The UD Partners should work with Policy Recommendations so as to convey a sense of owner- the University and cable provid- n Require all new development to ship and pride. install all utilities underground. ers to create publicly accessible “wireless hot spots” throughout the omprehensive n Avoid the use of chain link fencing n Undertake a strategy to convert District.
C and barbed wire as it signals a lack all utilities from above ground to of attention. underground. n The UD Partners should work with n Increase maintenance of neighbor- the State of Tennessee and the istrict hood properties and vacant lots. Goal University to pilot internet service D Maintain adequate electric, water and capable of delivering faster transfer n Neighborhood groups should gas service to the University District. speeds than typically offered by partner with university groups, cable or DSL service. fraternities and sororities to Policy Recommendation n niversity Increase the capacity of water,
U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis electric, and gas service to page 86 Implementation Strategies Appendix appendix FINANCE Improvements Program. According to obsolete by a revised campus facility iv the Tennessee Board of Regents (TBR) master plan. The University also raises ity of Memphis Capital Improve- Guideline B-022, Campus Facility Master funds for capital projects through its ment Program. The Capital Plans, all universities are required to development office. Improvement Program (CIP) C have a current campus facility master for the City of Memphis is a multi-year For the budget year 2008-2009, the plan that is reviewed by campus staff at schedule, updated annually for the University’s Capital Budget Request to least every two years. Campus facility purpose of funding capital projects and TBR included three projects. One of master plans are submitted to TBR for capital acquisitions. Because Vision these projects, referred to as the Music approval, who then submits the plan 2030 presents a comprehensive view of Center, is planned for the University to the Tennessee Higher Education the University District and surrounding West area. The budget indicates that Commission for review and comment. areas, several projects included in the additional funding for this project is still The plan is then forwarded to the State CIP could potentially assist the neigh- needed and will be sought from private Building Commission for approval. borhood in achieving its goals. Projects donors. The Master Plan program also are already listed in the CIP that will The University of Memphis Capital identifies other projects that impact directly or indirectly impact the Univer- Improvements Program is funded by edge conditions in the University District. sity District. These include improve- both the State of Tennessee and private These include Central Avenue safety ments to the golf course at Audubon donors. To request funds from the improvements, and the realignment of Park, improvements to the Botanic State, the University submits a Two- Patterson Street and railroad crossing.
Gardens and the Pink Palace museum Year Capital Budget Request (CBR) to lan Housing and Economic Develop- and the pedestrian crosswalk on Central the TBR. TBR reviews the request and P ment Incentives, Programs and at the University. recommends specific projects to the Governor for funding consideration. Grants Although these projects (except Redevelopment assistance from federal, These projects join a list of recom- the UM crosswalk) are not within the state and local programs is available to mended projects from all TBR colleges University District, they represent the the University District. Some programs, and universities throughout the State. type of projects that can be sought by such as federal New Market Tax Credits, omprehensive The Governor reviews this list and the UD Partnership. Additional projects may apply to a specific part of the C makes specific recommendations to should be added to the CIP as public/ study area, while the Memphis Business the State Legislature. The State Legis- private development proposals are Opportunity Fund would be available to lature determines which projects will finalized. These projects should be in any business in the University District. istrict be funded by the State for a particular harmony with the Plan’s vision. This section is neither an exhaustive list D fiscal year. The University generally of available programs, nor are program The University of Memphis Capital maintains projects on its CBR until qualifications fully described. Individuals Improvements Program. In addition to funding by the State or other sources and/or businesses seeking redevelop-
the City of Memphis CIP the Univer- niversity is identified, or until a project is made ment assistance should work with the sity of Memphis has its own Capital U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 87 appendix Implementation Strategies Appendix iv University Neighborhoods Development Bonds, and special Capital Gains comprehensive plan does not include Corporation and the University District, rates. any industrial land uses in the Univer- Incorporated to identify and assess eligi- sity District, the opportunities listed n New Market Tax Credits (NMTC). bility for specific incentives, programs Census tract 73, which includes below could apply to a broad range of and grants. the University Area Neighborhood commercial businesses. Federal Level Consortium and census tract 70, n Jobs Tax Credit. This incentive Most federal government incentives, which includes Messick-Buntyn offers a $2,000 credit per new grants and programs are administered neighborhood, qualify for the NMTC full-time employee to qualified new through the City of Memphis Division of program. The NMTC program or expanding businesses in Tennes- Housing and Community Development. permits taxpayers to receive a see provided that they provide a These programs and incentives are credit against Federal income taxes minimum of 25 new jobs and a income-based at the census tract level. for making qualified equity invest- $500,000 capital investment. Those census tracts that are eligible for ments in designated areas. n Fast Track Job Training Assistance Community Development Block Grant n Community Development Block Program. This program provides job funding will most likely be eligible for Grants (CDBG). Three University training funds to eligible projects other federal government income-based Neighborhood census tracts, 70, based upon the project’s economic incentive programs. 73 and 74, are eligible for CDBG impact to the State. n Renewal Community. Census tract funding. The areas represented by n Fast Track Infrastructure Develop- lan 70, which includes the Messick- these census tracts are the Normal ment Program. Businesses can P Buntyn neighborhood, has been Station, Messick-Buntyn and Univer- receive up to $750,000 to offset identified as a federal government sity Area Neighborhood Consortium project costs related to infrastruc- Renewal Community (RC). RCs are neighborhoods. The CDBG program ture improvements. The grant is eligible for special tax incentives is administered by the Memphis based upon a cost-benefit analysis through December 31, 2009. The Division of Housing and Community conducted by the State.
omprehensive incentives are designed to encour- Development. Additionally specific n Workforce Assistance. The Tennes-
C age businesses to locate or expand programs benefiting low and in designated RC areas. Incentives moderate income households are see Department of Labor maintains include New Markets Tax Credits eligible in all parts of the District. a varied pool of qualified workers
istrict (NMTC), Low-Income Housing Tax and provides a variety of services to State Level
D businesses in Tennessee. Credits (LIHTC), wage credit for The State of Tennessee offers a variety businesses, Commercial Revitaliza- of incentives to encourage businesses n Economic Development Loan tion deduction, Environmental to locate in the state. Many, but not Program. The Tennessee Valley Cleanup Cost Deduction for brown- all, of these incentives are designed Authority will provide low interest niversity field sites, Qualified Zone Academy U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis for industrial development. While the financing of up to $2 million per page 88 Implementation Strategies Appendix appendix project with 10 years to repay to Minority and Women’s Business incentives for up to 15 years. iv qualified development projects Enterprises (M/WBE) program Another option is the establishment of including the service industry. assists minorities and women who a Tax Increment Finance (TIF) District. own businesses to obtain City Local Level TIFs are used by city governments to The Memphis Division of Housing contracts by providing contract help redevelop areas that are deemed and Community Development (HCD), information and training. “blighted.” When an area is redeveloped, Memphis Light, Gas & Water (MLG&W), n City of Memphis Renaissance it creates new property taxes. The the Memphis Regional Chamber, and Business Center (RBC). Provides original property taxes (based on the the Memphis/Shelby County Office of entrepreneurs and small businesses unimproved values) are paid to the city Economic Development (OED) adminis- in Memphis with training, one-on- and county, and the increase (the tax ter programs that may benefit redevel- one counseling and information to increment) goes into a special fund to opment in the University Neighborhood. assist in their success. pay debt service on bonds for the infra- structure. Usually, TIF pays for streets, n MLG&W Utility Incentive Rates. n Memphis/Shelby OED Fast Track Through this program, MLG&W Permitting. This program expedites sewers, parking facilities, land acquisi- extends special incentive rates to construction permit approval. tion, professional expenses, affordable businesses locating or expanding in housing, demolition and clean-up costs. n Memphis/Shelby OED One-Stop- Memphis. A project specific TIF Highland Row Shop Assistance (OSS). This mixed use project and is an example n MLG&W Technical Utility Services program facilitates the regula-
of public and private groups working lan Program. This program offers tory/permit process and provides together. A larger TIF District that P technical assistance to local busi- answers to questions regarding encompasses the entire Highland Street nesses to help them better under- taxation, utilities, permitting, commercial strip would significantly aid stand their energy consumption building and fire codes and other redevelopment. and alternatives related to energy issues. Participants in the OSS usage, lighting design and energy program are introduced to key local Other Resources seminars. and state resource people. The University of Memphis Regional omprehensive
Economic Development Center (REDC) C n Memphis Business Opportunity Local Tax Incentives and the Bureau for Business and Fund. This is a $50 million loan Tax freezes, abatements and other Economic Research (BBER) provide
fund designed to provide capital incentives could be utilized to encourage professional technical assistance services istrict
and technical assistance to small, redevelopment in the University District. to public and private sector clients in D minority and women-owned busi- The Memphis/Shelby County Industrial a variety of economic and community nesses in Memphis. Development Board considers Payment- development projects. In-Lieu-Of-Tax (PILOT) requests. The n Minority and Women’s Business Board is authorized to grant PILOT niversity
Enterprises (M/WBE). The City’s U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis
page 89 appendix References v Memphis and Shelby County Office of Planning and Development. (1982). University district plan. Unpublished manuscript. Rea, J. C. (1984). The Normal Depot of the Southern Railway. The West Tennessee Historical Society Papers, , 99-104. Sorrels, W. (1987). The exciting years: The Cecil C. Humphreys presidency of Memphis State University 1960-1972. Memphis, TN: Memphis State University Press. Tilley, B. B., Faudree, P., & Shenk, B. (1979). A visit to Buntyn. Memphis, TN: Metropolitan Inter-Faith Association. Memphis, TN., Code of Ordinances, Ord. 4934, (2002, March 5). Williams, A. O. (2006, August 18). Highland Area Continues Renewal Efforts [Electronic Version]. The Daily News, 121, 163. Retrieved on December 7, 2007, from http://www.memphisdailynews.com/Editorial/StoryLead.aspx?id=93966 University District, Inc. Vision Statement. Whitehead, Josh. “Pre-War City Planning Presentation.” 2007 TAPA Conference. Memphis, TN. 7 Sept. 2007. Memphis area Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) (2004). 2026 Long Range Transportation Plan and Conformity Deter- mination for 2026 Long Range Transportation Plan. lan P omprehensive C istrict D niversity U Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Studio Consulting Team/ Graduate Program in City & Regional Planning/ The University of Memphis page 90