HOUSE of Representarives-Monday, February 10, 1975 the House Met at 12 O'clock Noon

2874 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 10, 1975 Simmons, Richard L. Sweeney, John L., Jr. Wright, James M. Zak, Michael J. permanent appointment to the grade of sec Slavick, Frank P. Taylor, Walter E. Younger, Robert E. Zarate, Michael A. ond lieutenant in the Marine Corps, subject Sloan, Timothy A. Taylor, Walter L. The following-named (Marine Corps en to the qualifications therefor as provided Smith, Robert F. Thompson, Jerry L. listed commissioning education program) by law: Snyder, Wesley F. Towsey, Craig W. graduates for permanent appointment to the Benefield, John W. Herbert, Stanley M. Somers, Daniel G. Trichler, William K. grade of second lieutenant 1n the Marine Boyd, Charles E. Jones, Peter L. Sondermann, John W. Turner, John H. Corps, subject to the qualifications therefor Carpenter, Steven C. Lape, Joseph S. Stock, Paul C. Tussing, Bert B. as provided by law: Crissinger, Michael A. Laughlin, Larry L. Strahan, Robert W. Wagner, Michael W. Brown, Donald D. Fletcher, William R. Mcintyre, Luther B. Sturgeon, Clyde N. Walick, David G. McQuerry, Thomas 0. Forgy, James R. Seal, John F. Sumrall, Carroll B. Wangsgard, John E. The following-named (Navy Enlisted Sci Goldmon, William E. Seward, James J. Swain, John D. Watson, Paul H. entific Education Program) graduates for Hall, Graham T. 'b

HOUSE OF REPRESENTArIVES-Monday, February 10, 1975 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. members of the Board of Visitors to the Cooperation of the Joint Committee on The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, U.S. Naval Academy the following Mem Atomic Energy to consider these pro D.D., offered the following prayer: bers on the part of the House: Mr. posals. These resolutions are submitted Fear not, for I am with you; be not FLOOD, Mr. SIKES, Mr. EDWARDS of Ala in accordance with the Atomic Energy dismayed, for I am your God; I will bama, and Mrs. HOLT. Act of 1954, as amended, which requires strengthen you; yea, I will help you. that within 30 days of submission of the Isaiah 41: 10. proposals to the Congress the Joint Com APPOINTMENT AS MEMBERS OF mittee must report to the Congress its "Another day is dawning, COMMISSION ON ART AND ANTIQ views and recommendations on the pro Dear Father, let it be, UITIES OF U.S. SENATE posals with corresponding concurrent In working or in waiting The SPEAKER. Pursuant to the pro resolutions either favoring or disfavor Another day with Thee." visions of Public Law 92-342, the Legis ing the proposals. We thank Thee, O God, for the coming lative Branch Appropriation Act, 1973, ' These resolutions wlll be the subject of of a new day and for the opportunity to the Chair appoints the following Mem a Joint Committee markup session tenta serve Thee and our Nation in these trou bers to serve with the Speaker and with tively scheduled for February 13, in or bled times. As we bow at the altar of the members of the Commission on Art der to comply with the time limits as prayer, may the words of our mouths and Antiquities of the U.S. Senate in provided by the Atomic Energy Act. and the meditations of our hearts be supervising the restoration of the Old acceptable in Thy sight, O Lord, our Senate and Supreme Court Chambers in strength and our Redeemer. the Capitol: Mr. O'NEILL, Mr. RHODES, CARIBBEAN TAX HAVEN TOUR Mr. MAHON, and Mr. CEDERBERG. Steady our spirits for the tasks of these (Mr. VANIK asked and was given per hours and strengthen us to do our work mission to address the House for 1 min as well as we can do it. Deliver us from APPOINTMENT OF ADDITIONAL ute, to revise and extend his remarks, and fears which unfit us for our laibors, from MEMBER ON COMMITTEE ON include extraneous matter.) bitterness which belittles our efforts, AGING Mr. VANIK. Mr. Speaker, on April 12, from resentments which ruin our dispo The SPEAKER. The Chair appoints 1975, 3 days before 75 million Americans sitions, and from worries which weary us must have their Federal income tax filed, and wear us out. Why should we do our as an additional member of the Com mittee on Aging the gentleman from 80 other Americans will be leaving Miami selves these wrongs when with us is Hawaii (Mr. MATSUNAGA) to rank after on a tax-dodging Caribbean tax haven prayer, and joy and strength and cour the gentleman from Florida United States. APPOINTMENT AS MEMBERS OF resolutions which if approved by the Mr. Speaker, the tax haven abuse is becoming more widespread and is result BOARD OF VISITORS TO U.S. MILI Congress would express approval of three TARY ACADEMY proposals of the Energy Research and ing in incredible distortions in invest Development Administration in the area ment practices. For example, American The SPEAKER. Pursuant to the pro of international agreements for coop Federal Reserve banks had $20.7 billion visions of 10 U.S.C. 4355(a), the Chair eration of nuclear energy. in Bahamas and Cayman Islands at the appoints as Members of the Board of Two of the proposals raise the present end of 1973, more than enough to make Visitors to the U.S. Military Academy ceiling on the amount of nuclear ma the entire island green with American the following Members on the part of terials which may be distributed by the money. the House: Mr. MURPHY of New York; Unit<'d States-ERDA-to two interna I am today requesting Ambassador Mr. LoNG of Maryland; Mr. CEDERBERG; tional agencies, Euratom and the Inter Harald Malmgren, acting head of the Of and Mr. GILMAN. national Atomic Energy Agency. The fice of Special Representative for Trade third extends the existing agreement for research purposes with the Govern Negotiations, to raise the issue of tax haven countries at the multilateral trade APPOINTMENT AS MEMBERS OF ment of Israel. By provisions of sections 54 and 123 negotiations being conducted in Geneva. BOARD OF VISITORS TO THE It is time that the international commu U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, proposals of this nature must nity consider trade sanctions against The SPEAKER. Pursuant to the pro be submitted to the Congress for review. those nations which flaunt their role as visions of title 10, United States Code, On February 6, 1975, I chaired hearings world tax havens. section 6968 (a) , the Chair appoints as of the Subcommittee on Agreements for The letter is as follows: February 10, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 2875 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Speaker, the President has been asking Section 9 of the Federal Metal and Non Washington, D.C., February 10, 1975. Congress to tighten its belt on Federal metalllc Mine Safety Act (80 Stat. 772, 777) Hon. HARALD B. MALMGREN, gives the operator another procedural avenue Ambassador, Special Representative for Trade spending. For 3 years I have been trying of review, namely the Secretary of the In Negotiations, Washington, D.C. to have abolished a very useless board terior. There have been no appeals to the DEAR MR. AMBASSADOR: During the up-com which does nothing but meet once a year Board from a final order of the Secretary. In ing Multilateral Trade Negotiations in Ge for administrative purposes, the Federal essence, the Board duplicates the Secretary's neva, I request you and other American ne Metallic and Nonmetallic Mine Safety procedure and is unnecessary. gotiators to raise the issue of improper trade Board of Review. Since July, 1971, when the Board began to practices by tax haven countries. While tax It recently submitted its report to the function, it has met less than six times "for haven countries do not restrict---in the tra administrative purposes." Yet in this period ditional sense-trade between nations, they Speaker of the House on its activities for it has managed to spend nearly $200,000 none clearly offer unfair and distorting "subsidies" 1974-and its activities were none. The of which has benefited the health and safety which attract the flow of capital, industries, report for calendar year 1974 even made of the miners. and jobs from the United States and other a mistake in the date placed on the re Although the President has recently im industrialized nations. In many cases, these port, dating it "January 11, 1974" for plored Congress to be frugal and not in tax haven countries are quietly supported its calendar year 1974 report. Yet the crease the budget for people-oriented pro by their former owners or possessor coun President in his budget has asked for grams, I note that he is asking Congress to tries-who are usually members of the Or $60,000 for this useless board, which in appropriate $60,000 in Fiscal Year 1976 for ganization for Economic Cooperation and this "Do-Nothing" Board. Development. cludes ·two administrative personnel, and I urge that your Committee move to ter Judging from recent advertisements, I be pays the travel expenses of the five minate this Board before Mr. Schwab's cur lieve that the tax haven abuse is 1becoming members who travel here to Washington rent term expires in July, 1975, and provide more widespread. It is resulting in incredible for meetings to do absolutely nothing. for direct appeals from the Secretary to the distortions in investment practices. For ex Mr. Speaker, this Board should have courts. ample, at the end of 1973, members banks been abolished long ago. It was created Yours sincerely, of tlhe Federal Reserve System had invested in 1966, but did not begin to "function" KEN HECHLER. assets of some $20.7 billion in the Bahamas until 1971, yet the President has just and Cayman Islands-both of which are no announced the renomination of Mr. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, torious tax haven countries. These assets Washington, D.0., February 8, 1975. were larger than the assets of these banks Charles E. Schwab of the Golden Cycle Corp. of Colorado to serve on this Board. Hon. CARL D. PERKINS, in continental Europe as of the end of 1973 ! Chairman, House Education and Labor Com As another example, I am enclosing for Mr. Speaker, I have asked the chair mittee, Rayburn House Office Building. your information, a pamphlet advertising a man of the Committee on Labor and DEAR CHAmMAN PERKINS: President Ford "Caribbean Tax Havens Tour." This "tour," Public Welfare of the Senate, Senator recently nominated Mr. Charles E. Schwab of organized by a seminar service, will leave HARRISON WILLIAMS to take steps so the the Golden Cycle Corporation of Colorado to Miami on April 12th and travel to Grand Senate reject the confirmation of Mr. a second four year term as an industry rep Cayman, Costa Rica, Panama, Netherlands resentative to the long-dormant Federal Antilles, the Bahamas, and return to New Schwab, and I have written the chair man of the Committee on Education and Metal and Nonmetallic Mine Safety Board York on April 25th. For a registration fee of of Review. $1,750 (including tuition, air fare, hotel ac Labor of the House, Representative This Boa.rd, which was created in 1966, but commodations, receptions, and cocktail par CARL PERKINS, to recommend the appro did not begin to function until 1971, is akin ties) , the first 80 persons who sign up will priate legislation to deauthorize this to the old Federal Coal Mine Safety Board have "a unique opportunity to not only visit board. If that cannot be done, we cer of Review which Congress terminated in 1969. the major tax havens in the Caribbean, but tainly ought to cut out the appropriation Like the old coal mine Board, this Board to attend informative lectures as well in each for the Board. It is outrageous that this has five part-time members, consisting of a tax haven dealing with its particular ad• university professor, two mineral-industry vantages. board should continue to exist and do absolutely nothing. representatives, and two labor representa "These sessions will be conducted by dis tives. tinguished government officials, :financial ex The Board is supposed to receive ap Its statutory reason for existing is to "hear perts, and noted legal authorities." peals from mine operators served with and determine" applications fl.led by mine For example, the program for Costa Rica closure orders. But no such appeals have operators for "annulment or revision" of includes such "topics" as "Costa Rica Taxes ever been filed, despite the fact that in closure orders issued by Interior Department Only Local Income." In Panama, the lead calendar year 1974 there were 1,988 clo inspectors and orders issued by the Secre lecture is entitled "Panama's Role as a Major sure orders issued by the Department tary. But no such applications have ever Tax Haven." In the Antilles, the topics in of the Interior. This do-nothing Board been filed with the Board, despite the fact clude "Netherlands Antilles as a Base for that in calendar 1974 there were 1,988 closure Eurobonds and Holding Companies" and has managed to spend nearly $200,000 orders issued by Interior. "Using a Netherland Antilles Company to since 1971. This is because Section 9 of the Federal Invest in U.S. Real Estate." Fin.ally, one of Under unanimous consent, I include Metal and Nonmetallic Mine Safety Act (80 the Bahamas topics is "The Bahamas Is Still the following letters and reports: Stat. 772, 777) gives the operator another An Important Tax Haven." FEBRUARY 4, 1975. procedural avenue of review, namely the Sec I think you will agree that this type of Hon. HARRISON A. WILLIAMS, Jr., retary of the Interior. The operators can promotion is a form of unfair international Chairman, Committee on LabolT' and Public then appeal to the Board and then to the competition, resulting in unneeded and un Welfare, Dirksen Office Building. courts, but there have been no appeals to productive investments. I urge the American DEAR CHAmMAN WILLIAMS: I understand the Board from a final order of the Secretary delegation to the new trade negotiations to that President Ford has recently nominated since 1971. In essence, the Board duplicates oppose extending any form of Generalized Mr. Charles E. Schwab to a second four year the Secretary's procedure and is unnecessary. System of P:references to recognized tax term as an industry representative to the Since July, 1971, the Board has met less haven countries. In addition, I believe seri long-dormant Federal Metal and Nonmet&l· than six times "for administrative purposes." ous consideration should be given to estab llc Mine Safety Board of Review. Yet in this period it has managed to spend lishing some form of counter-vailing duty or I strongly urge that your Committee nearly $200,000, none of which has benefited tariff on the products of tax haven countries. promptly move to terminate this Board, in the heal th and safety of the miners. It has I would appreciate your comments on how lieu of recommending confirmation of this an Executive Secretary and a secretary. the problem of tax haven countries could be nominee. Although the President has recently tm raised during the trade negotiations. This Board is akin to the old Federal Coal plored Congress to be frugal and not increase Sincerely yours, Mine Safety Board of Review which Congress the budget for people-oriented programs, I CHARLES A. VANIK, terminated in 1969. Like the old coal mine note that he is asking Congress to appropri Member of Congress. Board, this Board has five part-time mem ate in Fiscal Year 1976 another $60,000 for bers, consisting of a university professor, this "Do-Nothing" Board. two mineral-industry representatives, and I plan to introduce a blll next week to ABOLISH THE USELESS FEDERAL two labor representatives. terminate this Board and to provide for METALLIC AND NONMETALLIC Its staitutory reason for existing is to judicial review of Secretarial orders or de MINE SAFETY BOARD OF REVIEW "hear and determine" applications filed by cisions. I hope that your Committee will en mine operators for "annulment or revision" act such legislation before Mr. Schwab's cur- (Mr. HECHLER of West Virginia asked ;,f closure orders issued by Interior Depart rent term expires in July, 1975, and thus and was given permission to aadress ment inspectors and orders issued by the Sec save the taxpayers at least $60,000 annually. the House for 1 minute, to revise and retary. But no such applications have ever If this is done, confirmation will be unnec extend his remarks and include extrane been filed with the Board, despite the fact essary. ous materiaU that in calendar 1974 there were 1,988 closure Yours sincerely, Mr. HECHLER of West Virginia. Mr. orders issued by Interior. This ts because KEN HECHLER. 2816 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 10, 1975 FEDERAL METAL AND NONMETALLIC within, and so he worked with so many SENIOR INTERN RESOLUTION MINE SAFETY BOARD OF REVIEW, communities to build the spirit of self Washington, D.C., January 15, 1974. The SPEAKER. Under a previous Hon. CARL ALBERT, development, and saw that effort bring order of the House, the gentleman from Speaker, House of Representatives, thcusands and thousands of jobs to those Pennsylvania

RULE 10. WITNESSES will not substantially alter the records of the "cash out" States to elect to receive food Witnesses who are scheduled to appear testimony. Members shall correct their own stamps. before the Committee shall file with the testimony and return transcripts as soon as Each of these measures is essential if clerk of the Committee at least 24 hours possible after receipt thereof. The Chair SSI is to make the difference between in advance of his appearance a written state man may order the printing of the hearing record without the corrections of a witness survival and despair f.or the poverty ment of his proposed testimony and shall stricken aged, blind, and disabled. Al limit his oral presentation to a summary of or Member if he determines that such Mem his statement unless this provision is waived ber or witness has been afforded a reasonab1e though the program now contains a by the Chairman. Witnesses shall provide time to make such corrections and that fur cost-of-living increase provision, there is sufficient copies of his statement to the clerk ther delay would impede the consideration of no guarantee that recipients will actually for distribution to members, staff and news the legislative actions which is the subject of get increased benefits. States are not re the hearing. media. quired to pass such increases through to RULE 18. TRANSCRIPTS OF OTHER RULE 11. QUESTIONING OF WITNESSES recipients, but may keep the benefit of COMMITTEE MEETINGS Committee members may question wit a Federal increase entirely to them An accurate stenographic record shall also selves. In addition, in some States, nesses only when recognized by the Chair be kept of all markup and other meetings of man for that purpose. All members shall be the Committee, whether they be open or neither the State nor the beneficiwies limited to five minutes on the initial round closed to the public. This record shall be receive cost-of-living increases. My bill of questioning. In questioning witnesses available for inspection by Members, together would assure that cost-of-living incre:;i.ses under the five minute rule, the Chairman with their staffs, at reasonable times and are received by all SSI beneficiaries. and the ranking minority member may be places. This record shall not be published or The supplemental housing allowance recognized first after which members may be made public in any way except by a majority corrects a fundamental inequity in the recogn'ized in the order of their arrival at the vote of the Committee. Before any release of hearing. Among the members present at the SSI program. Because SSI benefits are the uncorrected record, Members must be determined without regard to the actual time the hearing ls called to order, seniority given a reasonable opportunity to correct shall be recognized. In recognizing members their remarks. living costs of individual recipients, some to question witnesses, the chairman may people simply cannot live on the allow take into consideration the ratio of majority RULE 19. BROADCASTING OF COMMITTEE OR ances provided. These discrepancies are members to minority members and the SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS largely due to variations in rent or hous number of majority and minority members The provisions of House Rule XI 3(f) are ing costs. The New York State Assembly present and shall apportion the recognition by reference specifically made a part of these for questioning in such a manner as not to rules. Standing Committee on Social Services, disadvantage the members of the majority. RULE 20. PARTY RATIO which held extensive hearings into SSI problems, noted: RULE 12. PUBLICATION OF TENTATIVE DECISIONS The ratio of Democrats to Republicans on any subcommittee of the Committee shall It is not at all uncommon in many areas A copy of any tentative or final legislative of this state for even a single person to decision made by the Committee on the be not less than two Democrats plus one to each Republican including ex-officio mem have to pay rent in the range of $140 to subject matter under conside;ration shall $160 per month. After also paying for util be made available to each Member of the bers. In recommending to the Speaker mem bers of conference commitees, the same ratio ities, an essential phone, personal necessities, Committee by the next meeting of the Com transportation and perhaps heat, a person mittee, or at the latest, by the next day. shall apply. RULE 21. PROXY VOTING with as little as the basic monthly SSI grant RULE 13. AMENDMENT TO PROVISION PREVIOUSLY of $206.85 may have as little as $1.00 a day READ Voting by proxy shall be permitted in ac with which to put food on the table. SS:L In the process of reading a bill for amend cordance with the manner prescribed in recipients must therefore each month tread ments, it shall be in order to return to a House Rule XI 2(f). a thin line between malnutrition and evic previously read portion of the bill for the tion or utility disconnection. purpose of considering and actillg upon amendments thereto. However, if such pre SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME When we realize that elderly and dis viously read portion has been adopted by PROGRAM REFORM abled persons in these circumstances a record vote, the provisions of Rule XVIII have no other available sources of Gov of the Rules of the House of Representatives The SPEAKER. Under a previous ernment assistance, it is not difficult to concerning reconsideration shall be appli order of the House, the gentlewoman understand the despair t.hat leads them, cable except that the term "succeeding day" from New York (Ms. HOLTZMAN) is rec when faced with eviction, to talk of shall be defined as the next day on which a ognized for 15 minutes. suicide. quorum of the Committee is present. Ms. HOLTZMAN. Mr. Speaker, the My bill will prevent this intolerable RULE 14. RECORD VOTES supplemental security income program hardship by providing a supplemental A record vote on an issue shall be required (SSD has been in operation for a year housing allowance of up to $50 per month on the request of a Member which is sup now. Its serious flaws have caused great for an individual or couple whose rent or ported by at least one-fifth of a quorum. hardship to many elderly and disabled housing costs exceed one-third of RULE 15. PREVIOUS QUESTION Americans. Because SSI recipients-the monthly income. Such a payment will, The Chairman shall not recognize a Mem poverty-stricken aged, blind and dis for many recipients, make the difference ber for the purpose of moving the previous abled-are among the most helpless peo between severe deprivation and a sub question unless the Member has first ad ple in our society and have been hardest sistence level income. vised the chair and those Members present hit by inflation, it is essential that Con The bill provides a third protection that this is the purpose for which recogni gress act quickly to remedy these defi tion is being sought. against inflation, by insuring that per ciencies. I have, therefore, introduced a sons receiving both SSI and social secu RULE 16. RECOMMENDATION FOR comprehensive SSI reform bill. APPOINTMENT OF CONFEREES rity payments do not lose the benefit of The most serious problem with SSI is social security increases. Last year, per Whenever in the legislative process it be its failure to provide adequate living al comes necessary to appoint conferees, the sons whose social security benefits were lowances for a substantial number of relatively high received increases of 11 Chairman shall recommend to the Speaker recipients. I am sure that most of my as conferees the names of those members of percent. Persons whose benefits were so the subcommittee which handled the legisla colleagues have received, as I have, des low that they were eligible for SSI, how tion in the order of their seniority upon such perate appeals from constituents W'ho ever, recevied no increase because their subcommittee and such other committee and simply do not have enough money for SSI checks were reduced by the exact subcommittee members as the Chairman food and shelter. As inflation continues, It may designate. In making recommendations the number of persons in such circum amount of the social security increases. of minority members as conferees the Chair stances will undoubtedly increase. is absurd that those social security recip man shall consult with the ranking minority My bill contains several approaches to ients who are sufficiently well off that member of the Committee. this problem. It assures that cost-of-liv they do not need SSI will get benefit in RULE 17. RECORDS OF HEARINGS ing increases in benefits will be received creases while those who are poorer will An accurate stenographic record shall be by beneficiaries in all States; it provides not. My bill would prevent this cruel and kept of all testimony taken a.t a public hear for supplementary housing benefits to senseless result. ing. Witnesses may, in the presence of a persons with high rents or housing costs; In recognition of the particular diffi member of the Committee staJl' and at rea sonable times in the office of the Committee, it mandates that persons who receive culty faced by the elderly because of sky examine the transcript of his own testimony social security increases will not suffer rocketing food costs, my bill allows SSI and may make suggestions to the staff to corresponding reductions in their SSI recipients, who live in States which pro correct grammatical or technical changes as benefits; •and it allows SSI recipients in vide a cash payment rather than food February 10, 197·5 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 2881 stamps, to elect to receive the stamps in from friends, but for the repayment of (The following Members Massachusetts. ment provisions for certain disabled ing outstanding foreign debts. Mr. MOFFETT in two instances. persons. If all the foreign debts now delinquent Mr. ANNUNZIO in six instances. We have seen, in SSI's first full year were paid at this time it would balance Mr. ANDERSON of California in three of operation, the great hardship it has the budget and have a dramatic effect instances. caused to many elderly, blind and dis on the sliding value of the dollar. Mr. GONZALEZ in three instances. abled persons. We have also learned, I Our sense of responsibility to human Mr. STOKES in three instances. believe, how to keep such hardship from ity must be no less than in the past, but Mr. RANGEL in 10 instances. continuing. I urge my colleagues to act it must be tempered strongly by a sense Mr. HARRINGTON in 10 instances. quickly to make the essential reforms my of duty to help take the siphon of an Mr. DOWNING. bill offers so that SSI will no longer inflated economy out of the pocketbooks Mr. EVANS of Indiana. mean, to many people, federally financed of our citizens through an injection of Mr. WOLFF in two instances. starvation. foreign dollars provided us in repayment of just and due debts. While my amendment makes it clear SENATE ENROLLED BILL SIGNED CONGRESS SAYS COLLECT FOREIGN that the United States intends to keep The SPEAKER announced his signa DEBTS PROMPTLY its commitments to other nations, it also ture to an enrolled bill of the Senate of makes it clear that foreign countries the following title: The SPEAKER. Under a previous order must keep their commitments to the of the House, the gentleman from Ar people of the United States. S. 58. An act compensation and other kansas (Mr. ALEXANDER) is recognized emoluments attached to the Office of At I urge the President and the State torney General. for 30 minutes. Department to take affirmative action to Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, it has carry out this congressional directive been the foreign policy of this great and represent the American taxpayer as BILL PRESENTED TO THE Nation to help others in need. None can he should be. PRESIDENT deny that we have marched side by sld.e Mr. HAYS of Ohio, from the Commit on the battlefields with our allies. Our tee on House Administration, reported brothers and sisters have died for the LEAVE OF ABSENCE that that committee did on Febuary 7, cause of peace. We have labored side by By unanimous consent, leave of ab 1975 present to the President, for his side with the citizens of the world's un sence was granted to: approval, a bill of the House of the fol developed nations in strengthening their Mr. DICKINSON (at the request of Mr. lowing title: economies. RHODES) , for today, on account of offi H.R. 1589. An act to suspend increases 1n And we have taxed our citizens to cial business. the costs of coupons to food stamp recipients help those countries torn by war and Mr. FREY Tn e by the Federal Government. H.R. 300. January 14, 1975. Interior and cial security benefits. H .R. 284. January 14, 1975. House Ad Insular Affairs. Directs the Secretary of the H.R . 314. January 14, 1975. Veterans' Af ministration. Requires States holding Federal Interior to sell all rights to phosphate de fairs. Repeals the time limit within which primary elections to hold such elections on posits in certain lands in Florida. a veteran must use his educational benefits. certain soecified dates. H.R. 301. January 14, 1975. Banking, Cur Extends the maximum period of eligib11ity H .R. 2B5 . January 14, 1975. Interstate and rency and Housing. Authorizes the Secre for educational benefits from thirty-six Foreign Commerce. Requires no-fault motor tary of Housing and Urban Development to months to forty-five months. vehicle insurance as a condition precedent make direct low-interest loans to assist H.R. 315. January 14, 1975. Ways and to using the public streets, roads, and high homeowners and other owners of residential Means. Requires Congressional aproval of all ways. structures in purchasing and installing more tariffs imposed by the President on petro H.R. 286. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Im effective insulation and heating equipment. leum imports. poses penalties for the robbery or attempted H.R. 302. January 14, 1975. Ways and H.R. 316. January 14, 1975. Ways and robbery of any narcotic drug from any phar Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code to Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code macy. allow a limited credit against the income tax by disallowing deductions for depreciation to ~ebruary 10, 197·5 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 2887 a landlord who has been convicted of violat mum percentage of United States on imports H.R. 343. January 14, 1975. Armed Services. ing provisions of a housing code. be carried on privately owned United States Amends the National Security Act of 1947 H.R. 317. January 14, 1975. Ways and flag commercial vessels. and the Central Intelligence Agency Act of Means. Revises the eligib111ty requirements H.R. 331. January 14, 1975. Veterans' Af 1949 to prohibit certain intelligence opera for Disab111ty Insurance benefits for blind fairs. Specifies that recipients of veterans' tions within the United States by the Central persons under the Social Security Act. Re pension and compensation will not have the Intelligence Agency. vises the method of computing the primary a.mount of such pension or compensation re H.R. 344. January 14, 1975, Banking, Cur insurance amount for blind persons under duced because · of increases in monthly rency and Housing. Amends the National the Social Security Act. social security benefits. Housing Act by authorizing the Secretary of H.R. 318. January 14, 1975. Ways and H.R. 332. January 14, 1975. Public Works Housing and Urban Development to issue Means. Revises the eligibility requirements and Transportation. Modifies the New York loans to help homeowners continue making freeze under the Social Security Act by re Harbor collection and removal of drift proj mortgage payments during periods of finan ducing the requisite number of covered quar ect in accordance with a survey report. cial distress. ters to 20. Directs the Secretary of the Army to imme Establishes the Homeownership Conserva H.R. 319. January 14, 1975. Ways and diately carry out the project. tion Loan Insurance Fund under the Secre Means. Imposes a motor vehicles excise tax H.R. 333. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Re tary of Housing and Urban Development to on the sale of certain gasoline-powered au vises the Federal Criminal Code. carry out the purposes of this Act. tomobiles based upon the rate at which such H.R. 334. January 14, 1975. Ways and H.R. 345. January 14, 1975. Education and automobiles consume fuel. Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code Labor. Amends the Civil Rights Act of 1964 Directs the Secretary of Transportation to to allow an individual a credit against the to make it unlawful for an employer, a labor prepare an Automobile Fuel Consumption tax imposed for amounts not to exceed $500 organization, or a labor or employer job Schedule based on existing motor vehicle ex paid by him during the taxable year as tui training program to discriminate on the basis cise.tax law. tion for the education in a private nonprofit of military discharge status. H.R. 320. January 14, 1975. Education and elementary or secondary school of any de H.R. 346. January 14, 1975. Education and Labor. Directs the Commissioner of Educa pendent for whom he may claim a personal Labor. Extends the provisions of the Age Dis tion to allot $100 annually to each public exemption. crimination in Employment Act of 1967 to and private school pupil in the United States H.R. 335. January 14, 1975. Ways and employees of States and their political sub for the purpose of defraying part of the cost Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code divisions. · of his education. to increase the personal exemption and the H.R. 347. January 14, 1975. Education and H.R. 321. January 14, 1975. Foreign Af amount of a withholding exemption for a Labor. Amends the Occupational Safety and fairs. Directs the President, under the For taxpayer. Increases the gross income level Health Act of 1970 by applying the safety eign Assistance Act of 1961, to suspend· eco requirement for filing a return and the gross and health standards of that Act to athletic nomic and military assistance to any country income level which allows a later joint re contests between secondary schools or be which fails to take appropriate steps to pre turn to be deemed filed as of the date of tween institutions of higher education. vent narcotic drugs produced in the coun the separate return or returns filed for the H.R. 348. January 14, 1975. Education and try from entering the United States unlaw- same tax year. Labor. Requires educational institutions en fully. • H.R. 336. January 14, 1975. Ways and gaged in interscholastic athletic competition H.R. 322. January 14, 1975. Interstate and Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code to to employ certified athletic trainers. Foreign Commerce. Requires under the Fed exclude from income during the taxable year Requires the Commissioner of Education eral Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act that all a. limited amount received as an annuity, to make grants to institutions of higher ingredients in food be listed on the food pension, or other retirement benefi~. learning to assist them in educating athletic container label in the order of their predom H.R. 337. January 14, 1975. Ways and trainers. inance. Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code H.R. 349. January 14, 1975. Education and H.R. 323. January 14, 1975. In,terstate and to tax unmarried individuals at the same Labor. Authorizes the Commissioner of Edu Foreign Commerce. Defines the term "food rate as married individuals filing jointly and cation to make grants to the Deganawidah supplement" as it appears in the Federal to apply the same requirements for requiring Quetzalcoatl University to be used for its Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. Disallows the a. declaration of estimated income tax and for development and improvement. requirement of warning labels for and the withholding income tax from wages. H.R. 350. January 14, 1975. Foreign Affairs. limiting of ingredients in "food supple H.R. 338. January 14, 1975. Ways and Prohibits the expenditure of funds for mili ments" by the Secretary of Health, Educa Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code tary assistance to the Republic of Vietnam tion, and Welfare unless such article is in to exclude from income interest earned on under certain conditions, and for the deploy trinsically injurious to health in the rec any deposit or withd·rawable account in a ment of any United States Armed Forces to ommended dosage. savings institution. Indochina. Prohibits the funding of police or H.R. 324. January 14, 1975. Interstate and H.R. 339. January 14, 1975. Ways and prison systems in certain foreign countries. Foreign Commerce. Bans the introduction of Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code H.R. 351. January 14, 1975. Government diethylstibestrol into any animal or fOOd to exclude from _gross income a limited Operations. Amends the Budget and Account product transported, sold, or received in in amount received during the taxable year as ing Act of 1921 by requiring the Comptroller terstate commerce. an annuity, pension, or other retirement Genera.I to make a continuing investigation H.R. 325. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Makes benefit. of matters relating to the receipt and ex any alien who becomes a public charge with H.R. 340. January 14, 1975. Ways and penditure of public funds. Expands the in twenty-four months of his arrival in the Means. Increases the amount of outside earn duties of the Comptroller General in making United States subject to deportation under ings allowed before any reduction will be expenditure analyses of public funds. the Immigration and Nationality Act. Re made in Old Age, Survivors and Disability H.R. 352. January 14, 1975. 'Interstate and quires an affidavit of support by a citizen Insurance benefits under the Socl..al Security Foreign Commerce. Declares that any toy sponsor as a. condition of admission of any Act. which is a facsimile- of any weapon or de allen excludable because he is likely to be H.R. 341. January 14, 1975. Ways and structive device used by the Armed Forces come a publlc charge. Means. Revises the eligibility requirements shall be considered a banned hazardous sub H.R. 326. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. for disability insurance benefits applicable stance under the Federal Hazardous Sub Makes it a Federal crime for any person to to the blind under the Social Security Act. stance Act. carry out any research activity on a human H.R. 342. January 14, 1975. Ways and H.R. 353. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. fetus alive outside the mother's womb or to Means. Repeals certain provisions of the Grants unconditional amnesty to certain in intentionally kill or hasten the death of Social Security Act whioh reduce Old Age, dividuals for acts done in the course of pro Survivors and Disability Insurance benefits test against United States military opera such fetus in any federally supported facility tions in Indochina.. or activity. as a function of ~he beneficiary's outside in H.R. 327. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Pro come. Establishes an Amnesty Commission to ad hibits the introduction, or manufacture for Lowers the age of eligibility for Old Age, minister the provisions of this Act. introduction of switchblade knives into Survivors- and Disability Insurance benefits H.R. 354. January 14, 1975. Judicl&.ry. Re interstate commerce. under the Social Security Act. Eliminates the quires the registration of firearms. Estab H.R. 328. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Pro age requirement for survivors benefits when lishes minimum standards for licensing pos hibits the transportation of contraband cig the survivor is under a disability. session of firearms. Prohibits the importa arettes in interstate commerce. Provides that Amends the Social Security Act to elimin tion, manufacture, sale, purchase, transfer, this Act shall not be oonstrued to affect the ate deductibles and coinsurance fees under receipt, possession or transportation of hand concurrent jurisdiction of a State to enact Medicare. Extends Medicare hospital insur guns. or enforce s .tate cigarette tax laws. ance coverage to include drugs. Establishes H.R. 355. J·anuary 14, 1975. Judiciary. Di H.R. 329. January 14, 1975. Merchant a Formulary Committee within the Depart rects officials of agencies ln the executive Marine and Fisheries. Requires that a mini ment of Health, Education, and Welfare to branch to supply information to any com mum percentage of United States oil imports prepare and maintain a listing of qualified mittee of Congress upon request within 30 be carri~ on privately owned United States drugs. Extends Medicare supplementary days. Directs the Comptroller General to fiag commercial vessels. medical insurance coverage to include eye, withhold funds from agencies that fail to H.R. 330. January 14, 1975. Merchant dental and foot care, dentures, hearing aids comply with such a request, unless such fail Marine and Fisheries. Requires that a mini- and influenza immunizations. ure to comply is authorized under the Act. 2888 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 10, 1975 H.R. 356. January 14, 1975. Foreign Affairs. Amends the provisions of the Immigration dition to the national wild and scenic rivers Limits the assessed and voluntary contribu and Nationality Act relating to the adjust systems. tions of the United States to the United Na ment of status of aliens, numerical limita H.R. 382. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Re· tions and its affiliated agencies to an amount tions on visas, and conditions precedent to vises the standards and procedures for parole not to exceed an amount which bears the admission of aliens to the United States. of Federal prisoners. same ratio to the total budget of the United H.R. 368. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. H.R. 383. January 14, 1975. Veterans' Af Nations as the total population of the United Makes additional immigrant visas available fairs. Stipulates that any limited campaign States bears to the total population of all for immigrants from certain foreign coun period shall be treated as a period of war for the member states of the United Nations. tries. the purposes of authorizing veterans' H.R. 357. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Re· H.R. 369. January 14, 1975. Ways and benefits. quires the President to appoint the Director Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code H.R. 384. January 14, 1975. Veterans' of the Federal Bureau of Investigation to to exclude from gross income amounts re .Affairs. Directs the Secretary of the Army to a single term of fifteen years. establish a national cemetery in Florida. H .R. 358. January 14, 1975. Merchant ceived by a volunteer fireman for serving as a member of a firefighting or rescue unit. H.R. 385. January 14, 1975. Veterans' Marine and Fisheries. Establishes the limit Affairs. Specifies the amount payable for of the United States fishery zone at two H.R. 370. January 14, 1975. Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Directs the Secretary travel expenses for persons traveling to and hundred miles from the inner limit of the from Veterans' Administration facilities. territorial sea. of Commerce to carry out a national aqua H.R. 386. January 14, 1975. Veterans' Extends the jurisdiction of the United culture development program. Defines aqua Affairs. Authorizes and directs the Admin States over fish which originate in United culture as the culture and husbandry of istrator of Veterans' Affairs to construct a States inland waters to wherever such fish aquatic organisms. Veterans' Administration hospital in the range in the oceans except that jurisdiction H.R. 371. January 14, 1975. Ways and Halifax area of Volusia County, Florida. does not extend into the fishery or territorial Means. Amends the Social Security Act by H.R. 387. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. waters of another country. removing the limitation upon the amount Confers exclusive jurisdiction upon the dis H .R. 359. January 14, 1975. Merchant of outside income which an individual may trict courts of the United States to hear tort Marine and Fisheries. Authorizes the Secre earn while receiving Old Age, Survivors and claims for money damages which arise under tary of the department in which the Coast Disability Insurance benefits. the Constitution or statutes of the United Guard is operating to regulate the design, H.R. 372. January 14, 1975. Ways and Means, States. Declares that such claims are to be inspection, and certification of submersible Revises the eligibility requirements for dis determined in accordance with applicable vessels; the licensing of operators of such ability benefits and the disability freeze un Federal law. vessels, and the certification of schools giving der the Social Security Act by extending Authorizes the Secretary of Health, Educa instruction in the operation of such vessels. eligibility to individuals with 40 quarters of tion, and Welfare, the Secretary of Defense, Authorizes the Secretary to appoint an coverage regardless of when they were earned. and the Administrator of Veterans' Affairs to 11.dvisory committee for the purpose of advice H.R. 373. January 14, 1975. Interstate and hold harmless or provide liability insurance and consultation on matters under this Act. Foreign Commerce. Public Works and Trans for any officer or employee held liable for H .R. 360. January 14, 1975. Merchant portation. Requires that the Administrator certain torts, under certain circumstances. Marine and Fisheries. Amends the Merchant of the Environmental Protection Agency in H.R. 388. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Marine Act, 1936 to extend the United States clude a cost-benefit analysis in compliance Authorizes the Attorney General to exchange Merchant Marine Academy to persons in the orders issued in enforcement of air and water criminal record information with certain m arit ime industries other than merchant pollution control regulations pursua~t to the State and local non-law-enforcement agen marine officers, to expand the scope of the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollu cies. educational program at the Academy, and to tion Control Act. H.R. 389. January 14, 1975. Public Works change the name of the Academy to the H.R. 374. January 14, 1975. Agriculture. and Transportation. Increases the maximum "United States Maritime Academy.'' Amends the Food Stamp Act by authorizing Federal share of the cost of shore restoration H.R. 361. January 14, 1975. Ways and and protection projects. Means. Amends the Int ernal Revenue Code quarterly adjustments in the face value of a household's coupon allotment to reflect H.R. 390. January 14, 1975. Post Office and to allow an individual a limited credit against Civil Service. Computes Federal Civil Serv the tax imposed for amounts paid by him changes in retail food prices H.R. 375. January 14, 1975. Public Works ice annuities by applying current basic pay during the taxable year as tuition for the scales. education in a private nonprofit elementary and Transportation. Amends the Federal Wa ter Pollution Control Act to provide for reim H.R. 391. January 14, 1975. Education and or secondary school of any dependent for labor. Authorizes the Secretary of Labor to whom he may claim a personal exemption. bursement and advanced construction for H.R. 362. January 14, 1975. W.ays and certain publicly owned treatment works. make grants to States to enable them to H.R. 376. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Mer assist public and private nonprofit agencies Means. Amends the Social Security Act to to provide day care services for children from allow a surviving spouse to authorize direct chant Marine and Fisheries. Interior and In payment of the insured's lump-sum death sular Affairs. Establishes a Marine Resources needy families where the parents are work payment to a funeral home for his burial Conservation and Development Fund for use ing, training, or incapable of self-support. expense. by the Secretary of the Interior for vari~us H.R. 392. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. H .R. 363. January 14, 1975. Ways and marine resources programs. Requires monies Authorizes the Attorney General to develop Means. Establishes a health insurance ben collected from leases on the Outer Conti Community Correctional facilities for use by efit program under the Social Security Act nental Shelf to be deposited into the fund Federal, State and local governments. Estab by providing for direct Federal payment of with a. certain percentage to be returned to lishes Federal policy groups to deal with the the States. issues of standards for correctional facilities, health insurance premiums and indirect sub Creates regional environmental review sidization by allowing income tax credits for and training of correctional personnel. boards to assess the impact of regulations de H.R. 393. January 14, 1975. Ways and health insurance premiums paid by an in signed to protect the Outer Continental dividual. Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code Shelf environment. to permit ministers, members of religious Establishes a Health Insurance Advisory H.R. 377. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Es Board to develop guidelines for administer orders, and Christian Science practitioners ing this program. tablishes an Antitrust Revision Commission to revoke their election to be exempt from Directs the States to pay deductibles and to study the operation and enforcement of coverage under the old-age, survivors, and coinsurance fees for persons receiving cash the antitrust laws and to recommend revi disability insurance program. assistance under certain Social Security Act sions to Congress. H.R. 394. January 14, 1975. Interstate and programs. H.R. 378. January 14, 1975. Merchant Ma· Foreign Cdmmerce. Amends the Social Se H.R. 364. January 14 , 1975. Ways and rine and Fisheries. Directs the secretary of curity Act by authorizing administrative and means. Amends the Social Security Act by the Interior to classify and inventory wet judicial review on claims arising under the removing the limitation upon the amount land resources, to measure wetlands degra medicare supplemental medical insurance of outside income which an individual may dation, and to evaluate the environmental programs. earn while receiving Old Age, Survivors and contribution of natural wetlands. · H.R. 395. January 14, 1975. Agriculture. Disability Insurance benefits. H.R. 379. January 14, 1975. Ways and Requires the Secretary of Agriculture to H.R. 365. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Es Means. Amends the Social security Act to provide Federal assistance to agricultural tablishes under the Omnibus Crime Control eliminate the waiting period requirement for producers for various soil conservation and Safe Streets Act of 1968 a Federal death disability benefits and the diS&bility freeze. purposes. benefit to be paid to the survivors of fire H.R. 380. January 14, 1975. Ways and H.R. 396. January 14, 1975. Agriculture. fighters who die in the performance of their Means. sets forth standards, to be incorpor Establishes a National Agricultural Bar duty. ated in State plans, pertaining to the dis gaining Board in the Department of Agricul H.R. 366. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. charge or transfer of Medicaid recipients ture to provide standards for the qualifica Directs, under the Omnibus Crime Control from skilled nursing or intermediate care tion of agricultural cooperative organiza and Safe Streets Act of 1968, that a gratuity facilities. tions for bargaining purposes, to define the be paid to survivors of certain public safety H.R. 381. January 14, 1975. Interior and In mutual obligation of handlers and agricul officers who die in the performance of duty. sular Affairs. Designates a segment of the tural cooperative organizations to bargain ' H.R. 367. January 14, 1975. Judiciary Oklawaha River in Florida for potential ad- in good faith, and to enforce this obliga- February 10, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 2889 tion. Exempts the bargaining activities of teriors, and to require the Secretary of Com fairs. Specifies that recipients of veterans' qualified associations and handlers from the merce to determine toxicity standards or pension and compensation will not have the enforcement of the antitrust laws of the other regulations, where there is determined amount of such pension or compensation re United States. to be a danger from toxic byproducts pro duced because of increases in monthly social H.R. 397. January 14, 1975. Agriculture. duced by the burning of such substances. security benefits. Prohibits the importation of any dairy prod H.R. 410. January 14, 1975. Interstate and H.R. 423. January 14, 1975. Veterans' Af uct into the United States unless it has been Foreign Commerce. Authorizes the Secre fairs. Directs the Administrator of Veterans' inspected and found to be wholesome and tary of Health, Education, and Welfare to Affairs to pay service pensions to certain unless the foreign farms and plants in which make loans to certain cities and counties World War I veterans, their widows, and their such products were produced comply with for the establishment of nonprofit clinics children. all inspection, grading and other standards for the spaying and neutering of dogs and H.R. 424. January 14, 1975. Ways and prescribed by the Secretary of Health, Educa cats. Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code to tion, and Welfare. H.R. 411. January 14, 1975. Interstate and require an automatic cost-of-living adjust H.R. 398. January 14, 1975. Armed Services. Foreign Commerce. Prohi.bits or restricts ment in the income tax rates, the amount of Authorizes recomputation of retired pay for the ownership or control by foreign inter the standard deduction, personal exemption, members and former members of the Armed ests of certain issuers of securities, corpora and depreciation deduction, and the rate of Forces who are 60 years of age or older or tion, real estate, or natural resources deemed interest payable on certain obligations of the who are retired because of a physical dis to be vital to the economic security and na United States. ability. tional defense of the United States. Estab H.R. 425. January 14, 1975. Ways and H.R. 399. January 14, 1975. Armed Services. lishes the National Foreign Investment Con Means. Amends the Social Security Act b~ Allows certain members of the National trol Commission to supervise and regulate guaranteeing a minimum annual income to Guard to wear civilian clothing when per foreign investments in domestic interests. the elderly. forming their duties in a civilian status. H.R. 412. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Re H.R. 426. January 14, 1975. Ways a.nd H.R. 400. January 14, 1975. Armed Services. vises the Immigration and Nationality Act to Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code Authorizes the Administrator of General allow the immigration of children of indi to allow a deduction from grcss income for Services to dispose of specified amounts of viduals suffering from Hansen's disease under expenses incurred in connection with the beryl ore equivalents from the national regulations to be promulgated by the Secre- adoption of a child by the taxpayer. stockpile and the supplemental stockpile. tary of State. ' H.R. 427. January 14, 1975. Ways and H.R. 401. January 14, 1975. Banking, Cur H.R. 413. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Re Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code rency and Housing. Establishes a Presiden quires the establishment of a. system for the to revise and consolidate the provisions of tially-convened Capital Markets Advisory redress of law enforcement officers' grievances the Code with respect to small business. Committee for the purpose of developing and acceptance of a law enforcement officers' Establishes a Oommittee on Tax Simplifica criteria for advising financial institutions as bill of rights by the States and local govern tion for Small Business to suggest changes in to which demands on the credit markets ment units as a condition to receiving grants the Code with respect to small business. Re merit priority in lending. under the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe quires the Secretary of the Treasury, with H.R. 402. January 14, 1975. Banking, Cur Streets Act of 1968. the assistance of the Office of Small Business rency and Housing. Directs that paper money H.R. 414. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Re Tax Analysis to be created within the Office printed after January 1, 1975, shall have the quires court orders for the interception of of the Secretary, to submit to the House denomination imprinted on it in braille. communications by electronic and other de Committee on Ways and Means for the H.R. 403. January 14, 1975. Education and vices, for the entering of any residence, for Senate Committee on Finance recommenda Labor. Establishes a national adoption infor the opening of any mail and for the inspec tions for structural changes in the Code re mation exchange system to be administered tion or procurement of telephone, bank, lating primarily to small business. by the Secretary of Health, Education, and credit and other records. Requires reports H.R. 428. January 14, 1975. Ways and Welfare. to Congress and to the Administrative Of Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code H.R. 404. January 14, 1975. House Admin fice of the United States Courts concerning to allow as a deduction the ordinarv and istration. Requires the use of a minimum court orders requested, denied, and approved. necessary expenses paid during the taxable percentage of recycled paper in the printing H.R. 415. January 14, 1975. Merchant year for the repair or improvement of prop erty used by the taxpayer as his principal of the Congressional Record. . Marine and Fisheries. Designates several residence. Permits an owner of re.ntal prop H.R. 405. January 14, 1975. House Admin species of sealife to be included in the defi erty ~ an option to amortize expenditures istration. Prohibits Members of Congress who nition of Continental Shelf fshery resource. for the restoration of rental housing. have been defeated, or have resigned or re H.R. 416. January 14, 1975. Merchant H.R. 429. January 14, 1975. Ways and tired, from traveling outside the United Marine and Fisheries. Guarantees the right Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code States at Government expense. to a trial by jury for persons charged with to exclude from gross income the interest on H.R. 406. January 14, 1975. Interstate and a violation of the ¥igratory Bird Treaty Act deposits in certain savings institutions. Foreign Commerce. Prohibits the shipment H.R. 417. January 14, 1975. Merchant Ma H.R. 430. January 14, 1975. Ways and or sale in interstate commerce of nonreturn rine and Fisheries. Establishes the limit of Means. Permits a taxpayer who has donated able beverage containers for which no rea the United States fishery zone at two hun his own blood to specified organizations to sonable refundable money deposit is re dred mlles from the inner limit of the ter deduct under the Internal Revenue Code as quired. ritorial sea. a charitable contribution an amount speci Directs the Secretary of Health, Education, Extends the jurisdiction of the United fied for each pint donated. and Welfare to define the term "nonreturn States over fish which originate in United H.R. 431. January 14, 1975. Ways and able containers." States inland waters to wherever such fish Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code H.R. 407. January 14, 1975. Interstate and range in the oceans except that jurisdiction to tax married and unmarried individuals at Foreign Commerce. Requires the Secretary does not extend into the fishery or territorial the same rate as married individuals filing of Health, Education, and Welfare, under waters of another country. jointly. the Public Health Service· Act, to make grants H.R. 418. January 14, 1975. Rules. Creates H.R. 432. January 14, 1975. Wg ys and to assist the States in bringing publicly op a Congressional Joint Committee on Foreign Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code erated or publicly assisted facilities for the Investment Control in the United States to to authorize real property to be valued for mentally retarded into conformity with study the manner in which the National For estate tax purposes at its value as farmland, standards which will assure humane care, eign Investment Control Commission estab woodland, or open land rather than at its treatment, habilitation, and protection of lished by the "Foreign Investment Control fair market value. the mentally retarded in residential facili Act of 1974" fulfills its functions. H.R. 433. January 14, 1975. Ways and ties. Establishes a National Advisory Council H.R. 419. January 14, 1975. Veterans' Af Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code on Standards for Residential Facilities for fairs. Specifies that recipients of veterans' to permit a taxpayer Ml additional personal the Mentally Retarded to assist the Secretary pension and compensation will not have the exemption and withholding exemption foc of Health, Education, and Welfare in imple amount of such pension or compensation re ea.ch dependent who is mentally retarded. menting and reviewing the standards estab duced because of increases in monthly social H.R. 434. January 14, 1975. Ways and lished by this Act. security benefits. Means. Authorizes semiannual computation H.R. 408. January 14, 1975. Interstate and H.R. 420. January 14, 1975. Veter~ns' Af of cost-of-living incre&SeS in Old Age, Sur Fore·ign Commerce. Authorizes the Secretary fairs. Permits retired veterans of the· uni vivors and Disability Insurance benefits un of Health, Education, and Welfare to make formed services with service-connected disa der the Social Security Act. grants for the establishment and operation bilities to be paid retired pay concurrently H.R. 435. January 14, 1975. Ways and of home health services and for the purpose with compensation for any service-connected Means. Amends the Social Security Act by of initia1'ing, developing, and maintaining disability rated thirty percent or more in eliminaiting the special eligibility require programs for the training of professional and degree of disability. ments for widow's benefits. paraprofessional personnel to provide home H.R. 421. January 14, 1975. Veterans' Af H.R. 436. January 14, 1975. Ways and health services. fairs. Establishes a program for mortgage Means. Amends the InterniaJ Revenue Code H.R. 409. January 14, 1975. Interstate and protection life insurance for veterans unable by entitling persons owning a homestead, Foreign Commerce. Amends the Flammable to acquire commercial life insurance because having low income, and being sixty-five years Fabrics Act to extend the provisions of that of service-connected disabilities. of age and over to be reimbursed for property Act to construction materials used in in- H.R. 422. January 14, 1975. Veterans' Af- taxes accrued for the taxable year. 2890 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 10, 197·5 H.R. 437. January 14, 1975. Ways and or uses any facility of interstate commerce any deposit or withdrawable account in a. Means. Amends the Social Security Act to ex for such purpose. savings institution. tend Old Age, Survivors and Disabllity Insur H.R. 452. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. In H.R. 468. January 14, 1975. Ways and ance coverage and Medioare hospital cover creases the penalties for use of a firearm in Means. Amends the Second Liberty Bond age to include drugs. Establishes a Formu the commission of a felony. Act to require that each annual budget la.ry Committee within the Department of H.R. 453. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Speci submitted to Congress by the President in Health, Education, and Welfare to prepare fies that in jury trials, all questions of clude one item specifically providing for and maintain a listing of qualified drugs. obscenity shall be decided by the jury alone the retirement of the public debt. H.R. 438. J·anuary 14, 1975. Ways and without comment by the court. H.R. 469. January 14, 1975. Post Office and Means. Increases the amount of outside earn Removes the jurisdiction of Federal Courts Civil Service. Abolishes the Commission on ings allowed before any reduction will be to review, reverse or set aside the determina Executive, Legislative and Judicial Salaries made in Old Age, Survivors and Disability tion of a jury or a State court that an article, established by the Federal Salary Act of Insurance benefits under the Social Security matter, thing, device or substance is obscene, 1967. Act. lewd, lascivious, indecent, vile or filthy. H.R. 470. January 14, 1975. Banking, Cur H.R. 439. January 14, 1975. Ways and H.R. 454. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Au rency and Housing. Amends the Federal Means. Excludes general and cost-of-living thorizes the Secretary of State to restrict Home Loan Mortgage Corpora tlon Act to per increases in Old Age, Survivors and Disabil travel to foreign countries by citizens and m! t the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Cor ity Insurance benefits under the Social Secu nationals of the United States. pora tion to purchase older seasoned mort rity Act from being considered income for H.R. 455. January 14, 1975. Post Office and gages from Savings and Loan Associations the purpose of determining an individual's Civil Service. Abolishes the Commission on and other financial institutions. eligibility for veterans pensions or depend Executive, Legislative, and Judiciary Salaries Establishes a schedule according to which ency and indemnity compensation for par established by the Federal Salary Act of 1967. such mortgages must be repurchased by the ents of deceased veterans. H.R. 456. January 14, 1975. Veterans' Af seller. H.R. 440. January 14, 1975. Atomic Energy. fairs. Revises the eligibility requirements for H.R. 471. January 14, 1975. House Admin Authorizes an independent study of the civil outpatient dental services and treatment for istration. Forbids Members of the House of nuclear power functions and special indus veterans who were prisoners of war. Representatives who have been defeated for trial operations of the Atomic Energy Com H.R. 457. January 14, 1975. Veterans' Af re-election to travel at public expense, with mission. Directs the National Academy of fairs. Directs the Administrator of Veterans' certain exceptions. Sciences to conduct the study for the Joint Affairs to increase or decrease, on an annual H.R. 472. January 14, 1975. Interstate and Committee on Atomic Energy. basis and in an amount equal to the per Foreign Commerce. Amends the Federal H.R. 441. January 14, 1975. Atomic Energy. centage by which the Bureau of Labor Statis Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to require the Amends the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 to tics' Consumer Price Index increases or Secretary of Health, Education, and Wel permit the States, ·concurrently with the decreases, the monthly monetary rates for fare, after consultation with the Secretary Atomic Energy Commission, to regulate emis compensation, dependency and indemnity of Agriculture, to establish standards for a. sions of radioactive effiuents. compensation, pension, subsistance allow grading system by which retail purchases H.R. 442. January 14, 1975. Armed Services. ance, educational assistance allowance, and may determine the relative nutritional value Revises Armed Forces regulations pertaining special training allowance benefits. Increases, of different foods for human consumption. to notification of next of kin in the case of under the same procedure, the pension pay H.R. 473. January 14, 1975. Post Office and death of a serviceman. able under the Veterans' Pension Act of 1959. Civil Service. Eliminates the requirement at H.R. 443. January 14, 1975. Armed Services. H.R. 458. January 14, 1975. Veterans' Af apportionment of appointments in the de Revises the computation methods for armed fairs. Revises the effective date for determin partmental service in the District of Colum services retainer and retired pay for certain ing death compensation, dependency and bia among the States, territories, possessions. individuals to re:flect current active duty pay indemnity compensation, or death pensions and the District of Columbia on the basis rates. for veterans and their survivors. of population as determined by the census. H.R. 444. January 14, 1975. Education and H.R. 459. January 14, 1975. Ways and H.R. 474. January 14, 1975. Post Office and Labor. Amends sections of the Occupational Means. Amends the Social Security Act to Civil Service. Requires the Postal Service t<> Safety and Health Act of 1920 relating to require that Old Age, Survivors and Dis consult with agencies of State and local gov civil penalties for employers in violation of ability Insurance benefits be paid for the ernment regarding the construction of cer llieA~ . month during which a beneficiary dies. tain Postal Service facilities. Establishes hear H.R. 445. January 14, 1975. Education and H.R. 460. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Pro ing procedures with respect to proposals for Labor. Amends the Occupational Safety and hibits the transportation or use in interstate such construction. Health Act of 1970 by requiring the Secretary or foreign commerce of counterfeit, fictitious, H.R. 475. January 14, 1975. Ways and of Labor to recognize differences between the altered, lost or stolen transportation tickets. Means. Repeals the statutory authority te> light residential construction industry and H.R. 461. January 14, 1-975. Interstate and impose quotas on the importation of meat the heavy construction industry. Foreign Commerce. Amends the Interstate and meat products. H.R. 446. January 14, 1975. Government Commerce Act to prohibit pipeline com H.R. 476. January 14, 1975. Ways and Operations. Requires the Administrator of panies engaged in the transportation of oil Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code General Services to notify each Member of from transporting any oil through its pipe to exempt from Federal tax that portion or Congress whenever federally owned real line if that company has an interest in such costs paid for communications services at property located in his district is subject oil. tributable to taxes imposed by States anct to disposal. H.R. 462. January 14, 1975. Ways and Means. local governments. H.R. 447. January 14, 1975. House Admin Amends the Intern~! Revenue Code to deir H.R. 477. January 14, 1975. House Admin istration. Increases the number of copies of ignate certain money paid to or collected istration. Directs certain legislative officers the daily edition of the Congressional Record from employee stock-ownership plans as to enter in to agree men ts with Virginia, to be furnished to each Representative, Dele deductible from taxable income. Maryland and the District of Columbia t<> gate, and Resident Commissioner in Con withhold State or District of Columbia in gress. H.R. 463. January 14, 1975. Rules. Estab lishes a Congressional Joint Committee on come taxes of each Member of Congress or H.R. 448. January 14, 1975. Interstate and specified employees subject to such income Foreign Commerce. Amends the Communi Intelligence Oversight to oversee and exer tax, and who voluntarily agree to such with cations Act of 1934 to revise th~procedure cise jurisdiction over agencies engaged in holding. for consideration of applications for renewal foreign or domestic intelligence activities. Authorizes the Committee on House Ad of broadcast licenses. Requires such agencies to keep the joint ministration to review such agreements. H.R. 449. January 14, 1975. Interstate and committee currently informed on their ac H.R. 478. January 14, 1975. Banking, Cur Foreign Commerce. Amends the Uniform tivities. rency and Housing. Directs that paper money Time Act by changing the duration of the H.R. 464. January 14, 1975. House Ad printed after January 1. 1976, shall have the daylight savings time period. ministration. Prohibits Members of Congress denomination imprinted on it in braille. H.R. 450. January 14, 1975. Interstate and who have been defeated or have resigned or H.R. 479. January 14, 1975. Banking, Cur Foreign Commerce. Amends the Clean Air retired from traveling outside the United rency and Housing. Excludes certain adver Act to suspend motor vehicle emissions con States at Government expense. trol in all parts of the United States except tising costs from those expenses which regu - H.R. 465. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. lated public utilities may include in their for certain designated air quality control Repeals the Gun Control Act of 1968. Re computation of rates or charges. regions. enacts the Federal Firearms Act. Makes the Prohibits the Administrator of the Envi Establishes an advisory board to determine ronmental Protection Agency and the States use of a firearm to commit a felony a Fed which advertising expenses are allowable and from enforcing motor vehicle emissions con eral crime. which are to be excluded. trol standards in areas outside designated H.R. 466. January 14, 1975. Rules. Requires, H.R. 480. January 14, 1975. Education and regions during the suspension period. with certain exceptions, that meetings of Labor. Amends the Federal Coal Mine Health H.R. 451. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Congressional Committees and Government and Safety Act of 1969 by repealing the re Makes it a Federal crime to kill or assault a agencies be open to the public. quirement that black 'lung benefits be off fireman or law enforcement officer engaged set by amounts received from State work H.R. 467. January 14, 1975. Ways and men's compensation, unemployment com ln the perfomance of his official duties when Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code pensation, and disability insurance benefits. the offender travels in interstate commerce to exclude from income interest earned on H.R. 481. January 14, 1975. Education ancl February 10~ 1975 EXTENSIONS OF R·EMARKS 2891 Labor. Amends the Labor-Management Re Stamp Act to prohibit the charging of a H.R. 496. January 14, 1975. Veterans' Af porting and Disclosure Act of 1959 by re Federal fee to any individual sixty-five years fairs. Defines service in the Women's Army quiring that all officers of national labor or or older for the privilege of hunting, trap Auxiliary Corps as active duty for the pur ganizations be elected by secret ballot of the ping, or fishing. poses of all laws administered by the Vet members. · H.R. 489. January 14, 1975. Post Office erans' Administration. H.R. 482. January 14, 1975. House Admin and Civil Service. Abolishes the United H.R. ~97. January 14, 1975. Banking, Cur istration. Establishes within the Information States Postal Service. Repeals the Postal Re rency and Housing. Amends the National Systems of the Congress an office to compile organization Act. Re-establishes the Post Housing Act to authorize the Secretary of .and disseminate information relating to Office Department as an executive depart Housing and Urban Development to insure pending legislative proposals. Directs the ment of the Federal Government. loans to finance improvements to long-term Committee on House Administration to es H.R. 490. January 14, 1975. Post Office and care facilities required to correct deficiencies tablish and administer such system. Gives Civil Service. Permits certain Postal Service identified in State surveys and Federal the Office a toll-free telephone line. employees to attend the funerals of certain certification procedures. H.R. 483. January 14, 1975. House Admin persons without loss of pay or deduction H.R. 498. January 14, 1975. Education and istration. Requires the use of recycled paper from annual leave. Labor. Amends the Older Americans Act of in the printing of the Congressional Record. H.R. 491. January 14, 1975. Public Works 1965 by requiring State plans to provide for H.R. 484. January 14, 1975. House Admin Transportation. Amends the Federal Aviation home health services and community access istration. Prohibits Members of Congress who Act of 1958 to prohibit smoking on scheduled to and security of long-term care facilities. have been defeated, or have resigned or re flights in interstate or overseas transpor H.R. 499. January 14, 1975. Interstate and tired, from traveling outside the United tation. Foreign Commerce. Amends the Federal States at Government expense. H.R. 492. January 14, 1975. Science and Trade Commission Act by requiring and es H.R. 485. January 14, 1975. Interior and In Technology. Establishes a National Metric tablishing procedures for the publica.tlon and sular Affairs. Amends the National Trails Sys Conversion Board to develop a program to adjudication of proposed consent orders. tem Act to designate the Potomac Heritage accomplish conversion to the metric system H .R. 500. January 14, 1975. Interstate and -Trail in Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, in the United States. Foreign Commerce. Establishes the Commis West Virginia, and the District of Columbia, H.R. 493. January 14, 1975. Ways and as a component of the National Trails System. Means. Permits a taxpayer who has donated sion on Mental Health and Illness of the H.R. 486. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. his own blood to specified organizations to Elderly to develop a national policy of mental Amends the Federal Criminal Code by in deduct under the Internal Revenue Code as health for aged and aging persons. creasing the penalties for the use of a firearm a charitable contribution an amount soeci- in the commission of a felony. fied for each pint donated. · H.R. 487. January 14, 1975. Judiciary. Pro H.R. 494. January 14, 1975. Ways and PETITIONS, ETC. hibits making appropriations to the Depart Means. Amends the Internal Revenue Code Under clause 1 of rule XXII. ment of Justice for any fiscal year beginning to reduce the amount of individual income on or after July 1, 1975, unless authorized by tax withheld from wages. Mr. MOAKLEY presented a petition of the Congress after the date of enactment of this H.R. 495. Ja.nua:-y 14, 1975. Veterans' Af Metropolitan Police Patrolmen's Union, Act. fairs. Extends the maxim um period of vet Local 1576, AFL-CIO, Hingham, Mass., rela H.R. 488. January 14, 1975. Merchant erans' eligibility for educational benefits tive to neighborhood schools; to the Com Marine and Fisheries. Amends the Duck from thirty-six months to forty-five months. mittee on Education and Labor.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS HEARINGS ON FOOD STAMP COSTS stamps upon recipients in Georgia, particu nations disadvantaged. In my campaign for larly elderly recipients. I fully support your election I promised that I would demand strong stand on this matter, and I have also respect and dignity for programs for the HON. HERMAN E. TALMADGE written to the President requesting a delay unfortunate and the senior citizens. OF GEORGIA in the implementation of his proposed in Our Government has tried to help. The new crease in food s tamp costs. deal gave us "social security"-a bright ray IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES I want to commend you for your interest of hope, promise and comfort shining out of Friday, February 7, 1975 and action on behalf of food stamp recipients that era of depression, degradation, destitu in Georgia and I hope you will convey to tion and hunger. It is that word "hunger" Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, on members of the Committee my deep concern that I wish to emphasize and leave in your February 5 the Committee on Agricul with respect to this matter. minds today. President Ford's decision to in ture and Forestry, which I chair, heard Sincerely, crease the cost of food stamps requires the testimony about the food stamp program GEORGE BUSBEE. nations hungry to dampen the nations reces and the proposed regulations of the De sion by making their starvation a little more partment of Agriculture which would STATEMENT OF SENATOR HENRY MCDOWELL, acute. Gentlemen do not become party to this have the effect of increasing the costs to SECOND DISTRICT OF GEORGIA decision by action or inaction. recipients for food stamps. Mr. Chairman, members of the committee, Consider the nation's elderly, most of I come before you in hope of persuading you whom are retired under "social security" An eloquent appeal to the committee under this Government's solemn promise to prevent the administration's proposed toward action to overcome the decision by President Ford to increase 'the cost of food that they could with their earned pension price increases was delivered by a dis stamps to recipients. support themselves adequately and with dignity in their declining years. Instead they tinguished member of the senate of my This decision, if allowed to run it's course, State of Georgia, Mr. Henry McDowell, will be disastrous for many of the nations have boon reduced to reliance upon food of Savannah. elderly and disadvantaged at a time when stamps to sustain even minimum nutrition. I ask unanimous consent that Senator President Ford ls advocating an 18 billion Now the President's decision would turn this McDowell's stg,tement, together with a dollar tax rebate for people, both black and desperately needed help into a Trojan horse. white, who are earning more money than ever In addition to calling for higher costs for food letter from Gov. George Busbee, of stamps, the President has now asked Congress Georgia, which likewise urged action to before. They live in better homes, own more cars and other possessions. They have more to defer increased social security benefits delay the proposed increase, be printed vacation time from jobs they mostly like. scheduled to go into effect in July. in the RECORD. Their young are going to college. In short, As of January 1, 1975, there were 483,302 There being no objection, the material they are progressing. The elderly and dis Georgians participating in the food stamp was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, advantaged are not. program.... Of this·number 11.5% or 55,599 as follows: Before I continue, I would like for you to are senior citizens. Bureau of Agriculture's ATLANTA, GA., February 4, 1975. know that my concern ls real. It ls deeply statistics indicate that these people fall al Senator HENRY McDowELL, felt. It derives from my own life experience most entirely in the one and two member DEAR SENATOR McDowELL: It is my under which includes living in an orphanage during family category and have retirement income standing that you will present testimony on the depression, standing in soup lines and the of $100 to $150 per month. At this time their February 5, 1975, to the Committee on Agri early degrad9.tion of living off welfare, my purchase bonus is $22.00 per person per culture of the United States Senate. I appre father passed away in 1935 when I was 9. My month or only $264.00 per year. This ls a ciate your discussing with me the nature of mother found herself unexpectedly alone, meager amount. the testimony which you will provide and re with 4 children, no means of support, no When the new guideline becomes effective viewing wi·th me a draft of your statement. training and no work experience. There ls on March 1, 1975, their purchase bonus wlll Please convey to the members of the Com little wonder that I have demanded, do de be cut to $8.50 per person per month. Enter mittee that I share your concern with the ef mand and will continue to demand 'both dig the trojan horse. The cost of patrlcipatlon in '.fect of the proposed increased cost of food nity and reasonable standards of life for the the food stamp program--cost of going to CXXI--184-Part 3 2892 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 10, 197·5 and from the place of application and the State of Michigan forecasts that in the first relief for many of the people who have been place of distribution, the cost of buying from quarter of this year the unemployment rate most severely affected by recession and in the particular store that accepts food will average 12.5% in Michigan and 16% in flation. It would put additional money into stamps-may for many exceed the meager the six-county Detroit Metropolitan area. the pockets of people who would be most purchase bonus. It may just not be worth it. In the City of Detroit the December rate likely to spend it, and thus would help to Dollars available for food supply will be re of unemployment was approximately 18%. stimulate the economy. duced by $13.50 per month. In most cases this It likely will average about 23 % in the first INCREASE THE AVAILABILITY OF MONEY AND amount of money buys more than a week's quarter of this year, and in the most de CREDIT THROUGH ACTION OF THE FEDERAL supply of food for a senior citizen. pressed areas of the city and for minority RESERVE SYSTEM Hard to believe isn't it when you and I may groups it will be substantially higher, per haps double. A 23 % unemployment rate in Many believe the rein on monetary growth spend this amount or more for just one din imposed by the Federal Reserve lasted too ner in one of the fine restaurants of Atlanta Detroit means 126,000 persons are out of work-one out of every four in the city's long and has been a principal cause of the or Washington. economic downturn. The money supply in In summation, the elderly citizens of the work force. It seems clear that additional action by creased at an annual rate of 1.6% from June State of Georgia will lose more than $9,- to September, much less than the rate of in 000,000.00 in purchasing power for food. the federal government is critical to deal with the problems of recession that plague flation. Between September and December it This averages out to $162.00 per year per increased at a rate of 5.0 % , but this is still person. Where would these people find this our economy. Additional actions to deal with the plight of the unemployed and to stimu not enough. A more substantial increase is amount since they are too old to work even necessary in order to reduce interest rates if the economy were sound? late consumer and business purchases, thus and stimulate the economy. In all of America's history, the greatness providing jobs, are immediately necessary. of her agricultural production has not been We recognize that measures to pull the REMOVE THE FEDERAL EXCISE TAX ON MEDIUM exceeded-not in her revolution, not in her economy out of the recession must not be AND HEAVY-DUTY TRUCKS emancipation proclamation, not in the plac such that they cause excessive infiation after The excise tax on cars and light trucks ing of the first man upon the moon. In the the economy begins to recover. We therefore was removed several years ago. The tax that - light of the abundance of America's agri are recommending some measures that would remains is discriminatory. Its removal would culture, I did not take office in the legisla be operative only in 1975. Also, we are not help stimulate sales of medium and heavy ture of Georgia and I am confident you did suggesting specific dollar amounts, believing duty trucks and reduce costs to users. not take office in the Senate of these United that the administration and the Congress DO NOT IMPOSE ANY NEW MOTOR VEHICLE States to mend the Nation's recession by must decide on the over-all size of the anti STANDARDS UNTIL CONGRESS HAS EXAMINED taking food from the tables of the Nation's recession package as mo're up-to-date eco ALL OF THE INTERRELATED SOCIAL AND ECO poor and elderly. nomic data become available. NOMIC COSTS AND BENEFITS OF CURRENT, I thank you for this privilege of appearing Our purpose is to recommend the kinds of FUTURE AND PROPOSED FEDERAL STANDARDS here and for your attention. actions that will be most effective both in FOR AUTOMOBILES helping the individuals and industries that are being hurt most by the present recession No new motor vehicle standards, whether for safety, damageability, emissions, noise or UNEMPLOYMENT IN DETROIT and in stimulating the over-all economic re covery. Our proposals recognize that it is im fuel economy, should be imposed until Con portant to avoid creating long-term infla gress has examined all of the interrelated HON. CHARLES C. DIGGS, JR. tionary pressures, but we believe that infla social and economic costs and benefits of tionary pressures are diminishing and the current, future and proposed standards. This OF MICHIGAN Nation's principal concern must now be the re-examination should include effects on em IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES recession. ployment and energy consumption as well as direct costs and benefits to the public. New Wednesday, February 5, 1975 New Detroit, therefore, recommends the following federal actions: standards should not be imposed until such a re-examination has been conducted. Mr. DIGGS. Mr. Speaker, the national EXPAND PUBLIC SERVICE AND PUBLIC WORKS problems of the economy have become a EMPLOYMENT DETERMINE AND IMPLEMENT A NATIONAL crisis of enormous proportions in the city In December the Congress passed, and the ENERGY PROGRAM of Detroit. While the national unemploy President approved, legislation to temporarily We believe that concern over energy has ment figure for December was 7.1 per extend the duration and coverage of unem contributed to the decline in consumer con cent, the unemployment rate in Detroit ployment benefits and to provide additional fidence in the economy. A quick decision on, public service and public works employment. and an early start to implement, a compre was 18 percent. With a continuing prob hensive national energy program is needed. lem of high crime rates, inflation, hous We believe these measures are vitally impor tant. They will provide help to people who are Such a program should balance conserva ing, education, and health, Detroit has in real need, and by maintaining their pur tion measures with measures t6 increase sup become a near-disaster area. chasing power will help damp.en the down ply, and should provide for extensive research New Detroit, Inc., the Nation's first ur ward spiral of the economy. into both conservation and production tech ban coalition which incorporates leaders The $2.5 billion for public service employ nologies. of business, labor, city and State govern ment and the $500 million for public works CONSIDER OTHER PROGRAMS TO STIMULATE CON ment as well as grassroots community authorized in the recent legislation plus ap SUMER AND BUSINESS EXPENDITURES organizations, has formed an a,d hoc proximately $1 billion authorized earlier in Congress also should consider new pro group to consider solutions to this situa 1974 will only provide about 500,000 jobs for grams such as a temporary increase in the a year. Unless there is a decrease in the level investment tax credit and tax credits or de tion. I am most pleased to present their of unemployment °(which currently exceeds ductions for individual purchasers of con recommendations to my colleagues for 6.5 million) a significant expansion of these sumer dura·ble goods. Programs of this na their careful study and review: programs will be required. ture would have to be carefully structured FEDERAL ACTIONS To PULL THE ECONOMY OUT RELEASE DEFERRED FEDERAL FUNDS to avoid administrative complexity, "wind OF THE RECESSION PROPOSALS OF NEW DE The administration has deferred the ex falls"' and excessive impacts on federal reve TROIT, INC. penditure of over $23 billion that have been nues, and to confine their stimulus to ex The United States is in a serious recession. appropriated by the Congress. A large portion penditures that would otherwise be deferred Unemployment is high and rising, affecting of these funds could be used to finance proj or not made at all. many areas of the country. Real personal ects for which plans exist and the states and income has been declining for some time and local agencies are ready to award contracts is now affecting almost every sector of the rapidly. Release of all or part of these funds economy. As a result, many states and local could have an early and significant impact FOOD AND FUN FOR THE ELDERLY governments, particularly the State of Michi on employment in construction and allied in IN SACRAMENTO gan and the City of Detroit, are experiencing dustries and could be accomplished through a significant decline in tax revenues, while action by either the President or the Con the need for expenditures on social welfare is gress. HON. JOHN BRADEMAS increasing. PROVIDE IMMEDIATE TAX RELIEF FOR INDIVIDUALS The national unemployment rate in mid OF INDIANA Congress should immediately enact tax IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES December was 7 .1 % , representing 6.5 million relief for individuals. The actions should be persons unemployed, and it is generally be designed primarily to restore the purchasing Thursday, February 6, 1975 lieved it will go substantially higher. In many power of lower and middle income groups. states and cities the unemployment rate al Possible actions include (a) short-term (for Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker the ready is substantially higher. In Michigan it 1975 only) reductions in income tax rates November 1974 edition of HUD Chalienge was 11.2% in December. In the six-county and/ or the provision of income tax credits published by the Department of Housing Detroit Metropolitan Area• it was 12.4%. The and (b) long-term adjustments of the per and Urban Development, .carries an ex sonal exemption allowance and tax bracltets cellent article by Sue Thomas describing • Wayne, Oak.land, Macomb, Livingston, to reflect inflation. a nutrition program for elderly people in Lapeer and St. Clair counties. These actions would provide immediate Sacramento, Calif. February 10, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2893 The program is one of 52 in California 1974, with the aim of eventually serving a services. A Public Health Department nurse funded under Title VII of the Older hot, mid-day meal to 550 persons, five days a makes regular visits to the centers and glau Americans Act which is under the juris week at four sites selected for high-density coma and hearing tests are on the agenda. concentrations of elderly residents. A sec A social worker is on duty at each center four diction of the subcommittee I am privi ondary goal, federally funded for one year, hours daily to provide counseling, informa leged to chair. Title VII provides funds was to break the grip of isolation and lone tion and referral services. Employment op to States to support projects oifering one liness in which many older persons are portunities are available through a Senior hot meal a day, 5 days a week, to Amer caught. Job Mart. Lectul"es and classes are scheduled icans aged 60 and over. Both objectives h ave met with extraor on various subjects and films and safety Mr. Speaker, the program described in dinary success. At present, an average 571 talks are provided by the Sacramento Police this article illustrates that the nutrition noon meals are served and the four cen Community Relations Department. program f pr the elderly oif ers not only ters are open from 10 a.m. to 2 p .m . daily. The eagerness and enthusiasm of those Crowds of people come not only to eat, but to who participate in the program is evidence food but also companionship, recreation, socialize or take advantage of services and of need for a chance to be with others and and human warmth. programs made available by the housing to escape the loneliness to which the elderly A flavor of what this program means agency. are prey. Recently, an elderly woman who to the senior citizens of Sacramento can The opportunity to gather with others learned that a safety film was to be sched be gleaned from the following descrip holds strong appeal. Says Tina Gontarski, uled at 11 a.m. arrived at 8 :45 a.m. to make tion: "They treat us like a social club, not as if sure she would get a seat. That's how popu Banjo bands serenade the lunchers and this were a necessary meal. It's their place lar Sacramento's "food and fun" program provide music for dancing afterward; a and they feel like they belong." has become with elderly residents. self-proclaimed "hillbilly comedian" takes to CENTERS ADO;E'T OWN STYLE the stage as often as he's asked; and, at one Each center has developed a distinct of the four centers, "Golden Fingers Charlie" atmosphere of its own, due to the super OIL INVESTMENT NEEDED jealously guards the piano. visor in charge and the particular group it serves. There is even rivalry between the cen There are several human portraits of ters, where entertainmen-b is supplied by out HON. JAMES M. COLLINS more than passing interest, but perhaps side volunteers or by the elderly participants OF TEXAS the most touching is the following: themselves. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES An elderly man who arrived on his first Banjo bands serenade the lunchers and visit unshaven, rumpled, and somewhat in provide music for dancing afterward; a self Monday, February 10, 1975 toxicated, returned the next' day sober and proclaimed "hillbilly comedian" takes to the shaven. He now ret\ll'nS daily in a tie and stage as often as he's asked; and, at one of Mr. COILINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, freshly pressed suit. the four centers, "Golden Fingers Charlie's" many questions have arisen over the jealousy guards the piano. (When another question of oil industry profits. The sub But I think, Mr. Speaker, the descrip pianist was invited to play, Charlie tried to ject is rarely presented in its proper per tion I most appreciated was of a man pull him off the bench and has since claimed spective by judging profits against return nicknamed "Graft and Corruption." that the piano was ruined.) on investment. I would like to share with The article tells us that: As "Golden Fingers Charlie's" reputation my colleagues just one example of the He complains bitterly about government as a piano whiz has spread, he has even been tremendous outlay increases facing our inadequacies with every bite, but comes every kidnapped by a carload of elderly abductors producers. day! who swept him off to play during lunch at their center. A contrite Charlie now plays the The other day, I received a set of in Mr. Speaker, because I believe this "ruined" piano and vows not to be kidnapped voices from Corpus Christi describing the article makes human the technical prob again. cost, over the past 30 years, of workover lems about which we legislate, I include FRIENDSHIPS SPARKED rig operations. A workover rig is a piece it at this point in the RECORD. Many friendships, and a few romances, of equipment used by operators to solve NUTRITION PLUS! FOOD 'AND FUN FOR THE have blossomed at the centers, according to production problems, search for new hy ELDERLY Tina. One of the volunteers related that an drocarbons, and mainta,in an oil well. (By Sue Thomas) elderly woman who was lunching for the first Because operation of the workover rig time, registered a complaint. includes c:>St, labor supervisions, taxes, The elderly-like other groups that $0Ciety "Young man," she said to him, "you seated sometimes tries to push into pigeon holes me at a table with five men!" fuel, depreciation, and maintenance, it based on income, race, national origin, or When the volunteer began an apology, she represents a fairly accurate yardstick of education-continue to defy definition. As a continued, "That's all right. One of them increased oil production costs. matter of fact, many a frail, white-haired asked me for my phone number and that The first invoice is dated January 31, woman is more at home with a racing form hasn't happened in 17 years." 1945. At that time the hourly cost of a than with a lap full of grandchildren. And Troublemakers are never a problem, re workover rig was $10.50. By 1956, that probably few aging men resemble the bland, ports Tina. A small group of regular partic pipe-smoking cliches so often seen on tele cost had risen to $16.50 per hour. On ipants makes sure that the unruly or ap September 9, 1974, a similar rig opera vision. parently inebriated are tactfully and quietly Elderly people are as individual and dis brought into line. tion had risen to $50 an hour-five times tinctive as other human beings. Probably Most center visitors appear regularly three, the c<>St of operation in 1945, and on more so, for they have had a lot more prac four, or even ft ve days a week. They are a January l, 1975, notice was served that tice. fascinating mix of personalities. One man, the cost was being increased to $55. Tina Gontarski, coordinator of Sacramento, nicknamed "Graft and Corruption,'' com With these costs in mind, let us look California's nutrition program for the elderly, plains bitterly about government inadequa at corresponding prices for produced daily bears witness to that fact. Tina is an cies with every bite, but comes every day. employee of the Sacramento Housing and crude. In 1945, the cost of a barrel of Mabel (not her real name) now eats alone crude was $2.52 in the Corpus Christi Redevelopment Agency, headed by Director because other diners have learned through William Seline. The agency's Federal grant to experience that no uneaten dessert ls safe area. By 1956, this cost had risen only administer the program ls the only one within her reach. slightly to $2.90 per barrel, and in 1973, awarded to a California housing agency. An elderly man who arrived on his first the cost was still only $3.2ij. While pro Other grants for such nutrition programs visit unshaven, rumpled and somewhat in duction costs were five times higher, have been made across the Nation, including toxicated, returned the next day sober and crude prices had risen less than $1 per a total of 52 in California, but few are ad shaven. He now returns daily in a tie and barrel. Facing these stafistics, it is not ministered by housing agencies. freshly pressed suit. The program itself was established by Title hard to understand why many of our VII of the Older Americans Act of 1965. As SERVICES VOLUNTEERED small producers are hesitant to take on amended by law March 22, 1972, the Act au There are now 60 regular volunteers assist the increased production which is so des thorizes allotments on a formula basis to ing in the program, many of them formerly perately needed. the States, the District of Columbia, Puerto only participants. Seventy percent of the vol Another example of tremendous cost Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin unteers are over 60 years of age. Helping out, increases is seen in the Alaska pipeline Islands and the Trust Territory of the Pacific even in a small way, contributes to individual construction costs. The original cost of dignity and self-respect. There ls a wide Islands. the pipeline was estimated by be $900 The allotments provide up to 90 percent range of volunteer services; one center boasts of the costs of establishing and operating dancing waiters and singing kitchen heip. million. Today, that figure has risen to nutrition projects which furnish low-cost, Those who can afford to pay may offer $6.5 billion. nutritionally sound meals to persons aged 60 donations. Other countries have taken a much and over, and to their spouses regardless of The Elderly Nutrition Program supple more realistic approach to their energy age. ments meals at the centers with a small but situations. Mexico, for example, after Sacramento's program began March 25, growing home delivery program and other having a very late start in the oil pro- 2894 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1 O, 197:5 ducing business has achieved self-suffi craftiest fox of them all. Two of the foxes worth emulating by the many countries, both include the two most likely GOP presidential large and small, which have not found a ciency. The price of gasoline in Mexico candidates facing Ford in 1976-Ronald Rea successful means of living in peace and mu is 80 cents per gallon. When you consider gan and Nelson Rockefeller. tual respect with their neighbors. Switzer the difference in economics, 80 cents per If by chance, the panel really does its job land is not impregnable but she has shown gallon in Mexico would be the same as and turns out information damaging to the the world she means it when she says all she $1.75 a gallon in the United States. chairman, Nelson Rockefeller, the damage wants to do is mind her own business. The Chase Manhattan Bank has esti would be too great to overcome by 1976. If, Anyone wishing to test the firmness of that mated that our program for reasonable on the other hand, the panel washes its policy will pay dearly. hands in its own laundry water and attempts self-sufficiency will require over $15 bil to cover up allegations that may surface dur lion annually in production and explora ing congressional investigations, then two tion costs. Before we rush into oil deple foxes would be caught in the trap. Such fox GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS HELP tion allowance prohibitions and windfall manship would allow Mr. Ford no trouble CAUSE INFLATION taxes, I think that each of us should winning the GOP nomination. carefully study these basic facts. It is It is shameful that once again this country essential to encourage the oil industry has to reach back into the dungeons and HON. PHILIP M. CRANE waste valuable time, money and physical to plow back the cash flow generated OF ILLINOIS strength in order to clean up the Nixon mire. and keep the emphasis on more drilling IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in the United States. In an effort to assure us that these activi ties will never happen again, I am joining Monday, February 10, 1975 with other colleagues in the House to advo cate creation of a special congressional com Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, the serious NO MINORITIES ON FORD'S BLUE mittee to oversee the activities of intelligence problem of inflation has two parts-too RIBBON PANEL agencies such as the CIA. This committee much money chasing too few goods. will try to find out whether the law has been The first part of the inflationary prob broken and, if so, seek prosecution of indi HON. LOUIS STOKES viduals responsible. lem, too much money, is the result of OF OHIO excessive monetary expansion over a number of years. The cause of such an IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NO NONSENSE NATION inflationary expansion of the money Monday, February 10, 1975 supply is chrpnic deficit spending by Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, the Ameri Congress. To cover expenditures that ex can public was recently shocked by rev HON. BUD SHUSTER ceed tax revenues the Federal Govern elations of CIA domestic surveillance OF PENNSYLVANIA ment prints more money and thereby in over U.S. citizens. Responding to a gen IN THE HOUSE OF REPRE~ENTATIVES creases the money supply. This reckless eral outcry, President Ford appointed a · Monday, February 10, 1975 excessive spending by Congress is the blue ribbon panel to investigate the al basic cause of our endemic inflation. Mr. SHUSTER. Mr. Speaker, in these This is why I have consistently voted legations. But his choices for that panel times when we hear so much about were an even greater affront to the against any unnecessary Federal spend our so-called military commitments, the ing bills while in Congress, and I will con American sense of justice. Congressman draft, amnesty and all the rest involved WILLIAM CLAY speaks very eloquently to tinue to do so in the future. Moreover, with national defense to foreign coun this is why I have further acted to cut the question of the lack of minority tries, it is refreshing to take a look at a representation on the President's panel reckless Federal spending by introducing truly "neutral" nation. and supporting legislation that would in the following article reprinted from Switzerland is famous for more than the January 22, 1975, edition of the Bos mandate that Congress balance the timepieces and chocolate. Its greatest budget in the future by placing an abso ton Globe. I submit the article for the achievement is true neutrality. · interest of my colleagues: lute ceiling on all Federal spending. I commend the reading of this editorial The second part of the inflationary FORD DISPLAYS RARE "FOXMANSHIP" "No Nonsense Nation" in the Altoona problem, too few goods, is a result of the Shortly following the revelation that the Mirror recently to the Members of the growing supply of goods not keeping pace CIA had been involved in widespread do House. with the excessive expansion of the mestic spying on U.S. citizens, President The editorial follows : money supply. To the extent that Gov Ford announced that a panel of blue-ribbon No NONSENSE NATION ernment regulations promote inefficient citizens would be formed to look into the Only one country has withstood the test allegations. use of resources, pushing up crn~ ts with of time among the many which have de out increasing production, such Govern White House press secretary Ron Nessen clared themselves "neutral" in world affairs announced that these blue chippers would in the twentieth century. Neutrality is prac ment interference in the marketplace be individuals who had no previous con tically a synonym for Switzerland, so effec causes infiation. Such regulations, of nections with the CIA. As the panel was tively have the Swiss lived up to the pledge course, are often intended to achieve finally announced by the President, it of eternal neutrality made to them in 1815 other purposes, but too seldom are in sounded as if "no connections" was con at the Congress of Vienna, at the close of tended benefits weighed against their fused with "reconnections" with the CIA. the Napoleonic wars. economic costs. Politicians imply that Heading the list was Vice President But Switzerland doesn't take its neutrality they can give constituents something for Rockefeller, who has been a long-time mem lightly. It is prepared to go to war against ber of the Foreign Intelligence Advisory an invader with armament and trained men nothing through the regulatory process. Board, which is charged with reviewing the which would do credit to nations many The cost, they argue, will be borne by activities of the CIA. times her size. Every able-bodied male is sub industry. This is misrepresentative non Gen. Lyman Lemnitzer formerly headed jeot to military training up to age 50. sense. Eventually the consumer bears the Joint Chiefs of Staff at the time of the Every Swiss home contains a war manual the cost through higher prices. The pub Bay of Pigs invasion. which covers everything from caring for the lic through Federal regulations ends up Lane Kirkland, secretary-treasurer of the wounded to launchiri.g a grenade attack. All paying excessive costs for minimum AFL-CIO, has long CIA connections. men subject to military call also must keep Former Undersecretary of State Douglas automatic rifles and ammunition in their gain. Dillon is a long time pillar of the US for homes. We in the United States have been eign policy establishment. Twenty divisions could be put in the field blessed with the highest standard of liv Ronald Reagan is no relief since he is in hours, with a rese·rve of 750,000 men who ing of any nation in the world. This is a known for his contempt for civil disturbance have had m111tary train'ing. Hundreds of jet result of our free enterprise system. It is and dissidence. fighters, 1,000 tanks, assorted guided mi:s· the most efficient and most effective eco Longevity is certainly to be respected and siles and antitank rockets and an e·arly warn the list s.ounded like a bid for gerontocracy, ing r.ad.ar defense network round out the nomic system history has ever known. with its teenager being 52 years young. The Swiss defenses. Consequently, the free enterprise system "blue ribbon" suddenly paled to a familiar All m111tary training in the land is de delivers goods to the consumer at the whitewash with no minority representation, fensive, designed to take the heaviest toll of lowest prices. Government interference which was a large target of CIA espionage an invading army at the lowest cost to the in the marketplace through regulations activities. defenders. Considering the highly favorable Acting as if Watergate never happened, terrain for defensive positions, this small undermines the free enterprise system President Ford once again allowed the fox nation with a population half that of Tokyo causing costly economic disfunotioning. into the chicken coop to straighten up the is capable of standing off giants. There is absolutely no way that bureau mess. In doing so, he may. turn out to be the Certainly the Swiss model of neutrality is crats, however well intentioned, can make February 10, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2895 the vital determinations governing the 30 percent of all petroleum imports be Press and United Press International marketplace as efficiently over the long transported in U.S. ships rather than polls. run as can individual consumers. Free competitively in whichever available ship The Hoosiers are not new to such lofty from the discipline of the profit motive, will transport oil to the United States at heights. The 1953 NCAA champions fin bureaucrats generally promote regula the lowest cost. It is estimated that this ished the season No. 1 in both polls and tions that are ineffective, inefficient, and new Government interference in the the 1954 squad was rated No. 1 by United costly to administer. Consequently, such marketplace will add an unnecessary Press International. regulations fuel the flames of rampant cost burden on the American economy To Head Coach Bobby Knight and the inflation. approaching $60 billion over the next 10 fantastic Hoosiers, we offer our congrat It has been calculated that the cost to years. That will result in all Americans ulations on their No. 1 rating and best business large and small to fill out all the paying grossly higher prices. wishes for continued success in the reforms provided by Government is $18 bil Of even greater concern than the maining weeks of the season. ' lion a year and it is estimated that it debilitating inflation caused by Govern costs the Government at all levels an ment interference in the marketplace is other $18 billion a year to print and that such coercive action infringes upon shuffle paperwork. These costs are passed our economic liberties. In our free enter- SENATOR PERCY STRESSES THE on to you as a consumer paying higher prise system the jury of American busi- NEED FOR COOPERATIVE ACTION prices and as a taxpayer paying unneces ness is found in the dollars of millions TO SOLVE WORLD PROBLEMS sarily high taxes. of free citizens who judge products and A prime example of the inflationary services as they choose between them. damage caused by Government interfer Government regulations take that lib HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL ence in the marketplace is the rapid price erty away from the consumer and put OF NEW YORK increases in gasoline. Within a brief pe such power in the hands of nonelected IN THE HOU~E OF REPRESENTATIVES riod of time the average cost of a gallorr bureaucrats not answerable to the con Monda'!!, February 10, 1975 of gas has increased from just over 30 sumer. You thereby begin to lose the cents a gallon to around 60 cents a gal freedom of economic choice; and, when Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, the follow lon. The current high cost of gasoline has economic freedom is challenged, our ing address was given by Senator CHARLES less to do with the Arab oil boycott of political freedom becomes increasingly PERCY to . the General Assem~ly of the last winter than with Government inter tenuous. There is an intrinsic link be- U.N. In it, he stresses the important ference in the free market. tween economic freedom and political point that if we are to solve our global Since 1954 Federal regulators have freedom. · problems, it must be through cooperative kept the price of natural gas artificially To the extent that Government inaction. The creation of an international low. By cutting potential profits in this t~rference in the marketplace hinders ~ain .reserve, the discovery. o~ alt.erna manner, the Federal Government effec growth of productivity it causes infla- tive sour~es of energy, ~he ehmmat10n of tively discouraged further exploration tion. The intended benefits of such reg- unrestramed populatlo~ .growth-all for natural gas and thereby cut the sup ulations must be weighed against their these depend on the reahzat10n that the ply of natural gas as a fuel supply. The economic costs and their harm to eco- destiny of every individual nation is the Federal Government aggravated the nomic freedom. This is why I have con- destiny of the world. It will be impossible problem in 1959 by imposing import sistently voted against needless Federal for any nation to stand while others are quotas on oil which prevented suppliers regulations of business while in con- crumbling around irt. Economic nationa.1- from meeting the increasing demand for gress and I will continue to do so in the ism will be our demise; the conditions for petroleum. future. Moreover, this is why I have ini- ~mr survival and our perpetuatioD: are Such severe inflationary pressures tiated and supported legislation that will mte~ependent. were further heightened when develop repeal many of the inflationary regula- . In hght of our country's recent nonac ment of the Alaskan pipeline, which tions now in full force and effect that t~on on the .worl.d food problem, I would could provide some 2 million barrels of have contributed to today's unjust llke ~submit this address for the consid- oil a day, was delayed for 6 years. Beyond inflation. erat10n of my colleagues: this, the Federal Government promul Inflation was my top priority concern COOPERATIVE ACTIONS TO SOLVE ECONOMIC gated antiemission standards for auto when I first was elected to Congress in AND SOCIAL PRoBLEMs mobiles resulting in cars that impose 1969 and it has remained my top prior- (Statement by Senator Charles H. Percy, u .s. ity concern. I have opposed excessive Representative to the U.N. General Assem· a 10-percent fuel penalty over cars built bly)l prior to enactment of these Federal reg Federal spending and needless Federal 0n this speck of debris in the universe ulations. Other Government environ regulations where the intended benefits which we call earth, no individual, no nation, mental standards have forced factories are far outweighed by the economic cost no race can be an island unto itself. The eco· to turn from burning cheap and plentiful of further inflationary pressures. I nomic and social issues that face one face us soft coal to already strained supplies of pledge to you my continued stewardship all. gas, thereby increasing not only the de to safeguard your pocketbook by fight- Philosophically, the United States is com· ing inflation in the years ahead. mitted. to improving the economic and social mand for-and thus the price-of the welfare of humanity. The great difficulty is gas itself, but also making the prod to translate our philosophical commitments ucts more expensive. Additional restric into political realities. It is easy to speak tions have been added to already tough in platitudes, but much harder to talk in the Federal regulations on atomic energy fa HOOSIERS ARE NO. 1 political realities of what can be done. cilities, slowing the construction of new Certainly the major issues facing the 29th plants and reducing the electricity· out Assembly will be economic. They will be in· put of some already in operation. HON. JOHN T. MYERS terwoven in the fabric of virtually every topic OF INDIANA discussed. Without economic resources, we - It is readily apparent that long before cannot realistically move to solve the vast the Ar,ab boycott, Government interfer IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES social problems that beset this planet. This ence in the marketplace was effectively Monday, February 10, 1975 does not mean that economic and social prob working to force the consumer to pay lems are separate. They are not. In fact, higher prices for gasoline and other Mr. MYERS of Indiana. Mr. Speaker, many _of the solutions to the economic prob forms of energy. Now that the Arab oil those of us from Indiana have always lem of Increasing the wealth of the world are boycott has long since been lifted, it is felt we were No. 1 in the Nation when closely tied to social conditions. it · comes to playing basketball and so The state of humanity necessita';es that the these Government interferences in the it is with some pride that I call to the agenda. before us be broad. The issues we marketplace that continue to fuel the attention of my colleagues the fact that must deal with this year include inflation, rampant inflationary prices for gasoline the "Hurryin' Hoosiers" from Indiana trade reform, monetary reform, economic as which you must pay. sistance, population planning, food produc University have been atop the world of tion, the status of women, and education. Congress, however, does not learn. Last collegiate basketball for the past 6 fall both Houses of Congress passed new weeks. 1 Made in Committee Il (Economic and inflationary cargo preference legislation The Hoosiers have won 25 straight and Financial) of the U.N. General Assembly on regarding gasoline. This bill requires that are ranked No. 1 in both the Associated Oct. 1 (text from USUN press release 123). 2896 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 10, 197'5 But as essential to all these issues, we must shouldering the brunt of such practices, par need for expanded skills and resources keep resolve through open discussion and negoti ticularly in developing countries, can take in line with new demands. ation the lowering of the price of interna only so much. Masses of unemployed and That education is integral to national de tional crude oil. starving will bring a powerful political and velopment goes without saying. Education, The price of international crude oil is the economic reaction against those causing the however, is also the basis for personal de most destabilizing element in the world econ problem. velopment. It is through education that omy today. Its price denies the developing Therefore we must all consider in this people seek to improve themselves and reach countries of the world adequate energy sup forum and send home to our governments the full potential. plies to run their economies and fertilizer following message: We have to take into account that we are to grow their crops. The most seriously Abandon monopolistic economic practices, all committed to education. The more educa affected nations must take the rise in price wherever they may exist, that are now the tion people get, the more dissatisfied they directly out of the very low standard of main cause of distortion in our world econ become with their lives when the shackles o! living of their populace. omy. ignorance are thrown off, if their rising While the developed countries can borrow Return to and reaffirm the open trade and expectations are not met. They will become funds among each other in the short run, free payments principles of these organiza a destabilizing force within each nation 1! they will not be able to stand the drain of tions-the United Nations, GATT, IMF, and they have no hope and are faced only with funds for a long period. No matter how IBRD. despair. effective the recycling of dollars is from oil Understand that the long-term prosperity FULL UTILIZATION OF TALENTS QF WOMEN exporters to oil importers, regional and na of each nation depends to a degree on the The ultimate purpose of economic growth, tional balance of payments disparities will prosperity of all nations. stability, and well-being ls to provide the grow so great that even many now-developed Understand that not to correct these prob opportunities for a better life to all people. countries will be faced with international lems is to threaten grave economic disrup Particularly important will be the elimina insolvency. tion worldwide. tion of mass poverty and social injustice. Such events could collapse the trade and My own country certainly has a strong One of the greatest economic mistakes and monetary systems that have been so pain responsibility to help achieve these ends. social injustices that almost every nation in fully constructed since the end of World Less developed countries need more access the world has at one time or another been War II. This in turn could certainly mean to the markets of developed nations. While •gullty of is the assignm.ent of women to a. economic catastrophe, first for the less devel our trading system is built on the idea of second-class role in society. oped nations of the world, then for oil comparative advantage, the realities of eco Actually, the role women often do play in dependent countries, and last for such coun nomics are such that it is difficult to pene contributing to social and economic develop tries as the U.S.S.R. and the United States trate major markets and risky to move ment has pei-haps gone as unrecognized as who have oil resources of their own. And against established competition. the potenti-al role they can play. But, with further, what optimism can there be in the The trade reform bill now before the U.S. great justification, no longer are they going long run for nations, primarily oil produc- Senate establishes the principle of trade to tolerate it. Action must be taken to correct ers, in such a world? · preferences for less developed countries. It both of these problems if women are to be No one can benefit from a worldwide de is not enough, I would be the first to admit, fully integrated into all aspects of national pression. What will be lost is years of eco but it is a start. As a realist, I can only re and international economic, political, and nomic growth, resulting in despair · for at port that it may be politically difficult to get social activity. least a generation of the world's people. more. Both economic and social development re What will be lost is a chance to work on our NEED FOR NEW SOLUTIONS quire the full utilization and recognition of social and economic interests together. We The economic problems facing the world all individuals in society-economic develop must work together. There is no reasonable, today have been further aggravated by world ment because all potential resources must be rational alternative. Economic nationalism social problems and demonstrate the need utilized in this effort, social development be should not bring down the world economic to view economic and social CJ,Uestions as in cause a fundamental precept of human rights system, and thus social and political sys extricably related. The solution of one with is that all people must be allowed to partici tems; nor should that system be operated for out the other is impossible. pate in the economic and political processes the benefit of only a few. As stated by the U.N. Committee for De by which decisions are made about their lives. An alternative solution, of course, to the velopment Planning in its 1970 report: 2 It was because of this that I sponsored leg problem of oil prices is the development of While it is evident that high rates of islation in the U.S. Senate requiring the alternative energy sources. All nations must growth of output and income have to be United States to work so far as possible to work cooperatively on energy research to realized in these (developing) countries 1n ward the integration of women into the im achieve technical breakthroughs to harness order to eliminate mass poverty, to generate plementation of our foreign aid programs. new sources of energy and better develop fuller opportunities all round and to finance This requirement is now law, but we must existing energy sources. some of the social measures, the process of work to assure that its intent is carried out At best, however, this is a longer term development has itself to be viewed in terms Similarly, we must all work to assure that solution, and for the time being most nations of fundamental structural changes and as the principle of equality for women estab will continue to be heavily reliant on oil. much with reference to concepts and meth lished in the original U.N. Charter is real That is why the policy of certain oil-produc ods appropriate to planned social transforma ized-not only in the nations of the world ing nations engaged in unilateral price fixing tion as those customary to economic analysis but in the functioning of the United Nations on a noneconomic basis, commonly known as and policy-ma.king . . . for this reason, the itself. We must all work, individually and cart els, poses such severe economic prob distinction often made between economfc collectively, on the economic and social lems to the world. and social objectives is. not a very meaning changes necessary to bring this. a.bout. Such practices, whether they be by sellers ful one to draw. [Italic added.] Education and the avenues for greater par or buyers, by industrial nations or less de How true. In the search for solutions to ticipation in society give birth to rising ex veloped, can be ruinous. Like retaliatory our traumatic economic and social problems, pectations, expectations which cannot be met tariff barriers and competitive devaluations, we must find a rational balance between peo without new economic development. economic nationalism can spread through the ple and resources so that the quality of The United Nations has wisely designated bod~ of the world economy and essentially human life worldwide may be enhanced. 1975 as International Women's Year. But let destroy it. The world has come too far to If the problems basic to human and na us not wait until next year to develop pro return to barter. tional survival-the population explosion, grams to better utilize one-half of the world's This body should further note that such food and resource shortages, mass poverty human resources. ECOSOC [Economic and practices are contrary to the principles and are to be solved, new, nonstereotypic solu Social Council] has called for a World Con objectives of the General Agreement on Tar tions are needed. ference on the Status of Women, which Co iffs and Trade (GATT) in that they are Central to the creative and innovative lombia has offered to host, in June 1975. We monopolistic, anticompetitive, and distort processes needed to produce these new solu fully support the objective of the Year and flows of resources. tions is education. Education is the fount the conference and will do all we can to iJ - To be more specific, three key international of knowledge and thus the basis from which sure the success of both. organizations-GA'IT, the IMF [Interna civilization, cultures, and humankind have GLOBAL APPROACH TO POPULATION PROBLEl'I. S tional Monetary Fund), and the IBRD grown and advanced. Education has been In another area involving the linking of (World Bank) [International Bank for Re the basis from which the world has made economic and social issues, the United Na construction and Development]-are the its immense advances in science and tech tions was living up to its potential as a global basis for today's world trade and payments nology. If the world's acute problems ·of problem-solving organization in naming 1974 system. Thus the international payments poverty, disease, and hunger are to be re as World Population Year and in sponsoring system itself is threatened by these practices. solved, education must continue to produce the breakthroughs necessary to expand agrl the World Population Conference in Bucha Unilateral price fixing on a noneconomic rest. In sponsoring Population Year and the basis is unusually bad no matter who does c~ltural, industrial, and technological pro conference, the United Nations has success it-not just in oil but in all commodities. ductivity. Increasing technological progress, fully assumed a leadership role in urging Those who decry the present oil crisis must however, will require new skills and re upon the world community the need for a also look to themselves-are they in the proc sources. Only through education will the unified approach to development and the ess of fixing other prices? problems that accompany development . • If these practices a.re continued, those 2 U.N. doc. E/4776. At the Bucharest World Population Con- February 10, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2897 ference, I was particularly struck by the ence. The fact that we worked together in nology Assessment probe I have requested complex interrelationships of the economic the last Assembly and the Economic and will get to the bottom of the story once and social problems we face. The subject of Social Council to bring this idea to fruition and for all. population was once the esoteric realm of bodes well. But as with the Population Con demographers-scientists whose concern was ference, the United Nations has responsibil [From the Long Island (N.Y.) Newsday, with numbers and distributions of people. ity to carry through, and well beyond the January 30, 1975] In 1974, however, the population issue can World Food Conference, with efforts to solve EXPERT: UNITED STATES IS MISREADING SST no longer be separated from the problems of the problem of production, storage, and dis DATA agriculture, resources, land use, health, edu tribution we all face. (By Harry Pearson) cation, women's rights, as well as all other In summation then, what the global com WASHING.TON.- Last week, the Department aspects of economic and social development. munity must do and what the United Na of Transportation released the results of a In Bucharest, the global approach to prob tions must actively encourage are the follow three-year study of the effects of the super lem solving worked well. Candid expressions ing: sonic transport on the stratosphere, a report of widely disparate views were heard, but 1. The price of international crude oil minimizing earlier scientific predictions that they did not obscure the real desire of par must be lowered. the plane would destroy much of the ozone ticipating nations to reach agreement on ap 2. The development of alternative sources shield that protects life on earth from deadly proaches to population problems. The World of energy must be encouraged. solar radiation. Plan of Action, the document resulting from 3. Economic nationalism should be dis Yesterday, an expert on the earth's upper the Conference, is an outline which any na couraged, and we must return to the opetl. trade and free payments principles of the atmosphere told a Senate committee that tion may follow in its search for improved the study data actually contradicts the con living conditions and opportunities for its United Nations along with a monetary sys clusions drawn by the agency, and shows people. tem adapted to our changing world. t~at a fleet of 500 SSTs could strip away 40 The Plan of Action is an excellent base 4. Educational opportunities for all peoples must continue to expand, but opportunities per cent of the ozone shield and, within a upon which the United Nations and its mem single year, put an end to life on earth as ber nations can build. But the Plan of Ac for economic fulfillment must expand com mensurately. it is. tion must be recognized as only an outline The scientist, Thomas M. Donahue, chair and only a foundation for continuing efforts. 5. Women must be given a greater role in economic development. man of the University of Michigan's atmos The United Nations must not delay in urg pheric and ocean science department, said ing all nations to accept as their own and 6. The United Nations must help encour he had examined the agency's preliminar~ to implement the far-reaching recommen age countries to deal with population prob lems by developing plans to eliminate un data last fall. He said that the department dations of the Plan of Action. At this point, had changed some important basic assump the Plan of Action is only a document. Con restrained population growth. 7. We must solve the world's food prob tions in the final report-such as assuming certed efforts by us here in New York and one SST would fly four hours a day instead by the governments of all nations can, how lems through an international system of nationally held food reserves and increased of eight, thereby cutting its pollution by ever, transform that document into a real half-and had failed to correct mathematical ity that will mean a higher quality of life investments in research, fertilizer produc tion, and development assistance. errors. The errors would, if corrected, con for all people. firm the most pessimistic predictions about SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM FOOD PROBLEMS Only if we really work together on these problems and dedicate ourselves to their so the plane's effect on ozone, he said. Finally, no problem is more economically lutions will we have the chance to actually The official in charge of the study, Alan and socially intertwined or global in dimen benefit all of humankind. If we just let Grobecker, defended the new calculations sion or in greater immediate need of U.N. empty rhetoric consume our days this fall, on a variety of grounds. For one thing, he attention and assistance than the world food then we will have empty stomachs. Nations said, Donahue has not seen an appendix situation. During a recent visit to South will have to empty treasuries, and eventually explaining the study's methodology. When Asia, I saw firsthand the magnitude of un we will all go down together. On the other he does, he will be satisfied, Grobecker con met nutritional needs the world faces. hand, through cooperative action the self tended. The reduced flying time was based on The problem is that if food production interest of all nations, we can find solutions new airline estimates. only stays even with demand for the fore to these problems which will be worthy of Grobecker said that a fieet of 500 SSTs seeable future, then it will be impossible to the objectives of this organization. fiying four hours a day, would strip away upgrade the diets of those who exist on sub only 1.5 per cent of the ozone shield each sistence or lesser diets at present. Hundreds year. (Donahue maintains that the figure is of millions of persons around the world are off by more than 40 per cent.) Grobecker undernourished or even malnourished. More said the present Anglo-French and Soviet over, if production fails to live up to ex SUPERSONIC AIRCRAFT FLEET SSTs, which number just over a dozen, have pectations for any one of a number of rea had no measurable impact on the upper sons, then mlllions who are now malnour atmosphere and that 125 SSTs would have to ished because of subsistence diets will fall HON. LESTER L. WOLFF be flying in the stratosphere daily before below this dietary level. They will starve. OF NEW YORK scientists could measure an impact. We face two different but related prob IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES Donahue, who testified before the Senate lems. There is the short-term problem of Aeronautical and Space Committee on providing food aid to meet existing food Monday, February 10, 1975 threats to the ozone, said the department's emergencies and of organizing a system to Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, last week study showed that for every one per cent the deal with similar situations which may arise ozone was reduced there would be a two per in the next few years, and there is the longer I called attention to the work of a dis cent increase in the incidence of skin cancer. range problem of increasing worldwide pro tinguished scientist who ha.S had the "Since there are," he said, "among the white duction, particularly in developing countries. courage to openly challenge the Depart population of the United States 600,000 new This latter problem requires nothing short ment of Transportation's misleading cases of skin cancer and 2,000 deaths result of a revolution in the countryside of develop statements on the dangers to world ing from skin cancer reported every year, ing nations. Neither set of problems will be health of a fleet of supersonic aircraft. this SST effect would work out to about easily solved. For our part, the United States Today I am pleased to present for the 100,000 new skin cancer cases and 340 extra this year will increase the amount of money RECORD a story by a distinguished envi related deaths in the United States every we spend on food aid for others. year per hundred SSTs ... 500 SSTs would Such aid, however, even from many na ronmental rePorter for Newsday, of Long result in a 42.5 per cent reduction in ozone tions, is not enough and can never be Island, Mr. Harry Pearson. I must say and t~is result could only be characterized enough. Long-term relief can only be accom that this srtory, which appeared in News as cataclysmic." plished through increased agricultural pro day, January 30, first alerted me to the duction in developing countries. As a U.S. problems posed by the DOT's report. Senator from a major agricultural state, I Stories and headlines carried in other know that the lives of millions in distant papers, including here in the Nation's lands cannot be allowed to depend on crop EVER-INCREASING OIL PRICES success or failure in another country. Capital, I am sorry to say, apparently Developing countries must have fertilizer fell for the smoke screen laid down by production capability and the technological the DOT. HON. ANTHONY TOBY MOFFETT base from which to guide their own growth. But as you will see, Harry Pearson did OF CONNECTICUT And the developed nations must assist them what all good journalists do by going be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in achieving this independent base. This is yond the story handed out by some in the main avenue to economic and social Monday, February 10, 1975 growth with justice. terested party to cpeck for himself. And I find it encouraging that the concept of what a story he found, Mr. Speaker. A Mr. MOFFETT. Mr. Speaker, during a U.N.-sponsored World Food Conference story of possible duplicity at the highest these frantic days of trying to bring developed simultaneously in the U.S. Gov levels of our scientific establishment. under control the inflationary effects of ernment and at the last Nonaligned Confer- It is my hope that the Office of Tech- ever-increasing oil prices and developing 2898 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 10, 197·5 a rational, people-based national energy energy policy and armnge for internaitional producing bonds, receive and disburse funds. policy, we must give consideration to tran.saiotions. acquire real estate (by condemnation if nec This governmental system would plan en essary), construct de.Ins and other power varying perspectives on these problems ergy development and exe<:ute energy policy. generation and distribution facilities, and and proposed solutions. The Institute of It would dispense research and developmerut sell electric power. Many PUDs in the north Policy Studies, a Washington-based funds and administer Large por-tions of the west are distribution facilities only, buying think tank, has published in the January energy apparatus that is now under priva.te their power from the Bonneville Power Ad issue of their newsletter a plan for public control. ministration. All PUDs pay a specified por ownership and management of the U.S. The essential ·aim w.as to ground an en tion of their receipts into the general revenue energy industry. Because of my feelings ergy system in responsive democratic gov funds of their counties. As nonprofit enter ernment at the local level, which would not prises, they are able to supply electric!ty to that Members should be well-informed only govern, but whose constituents would their customers at about half the rate on all sides of the issues, I insert this be intimately involved in actual production, charged by private utilities, while paying off article in the RECORD. distribution and use of energy. The plan their own indebtedness to bondholders. [From the Elements, January 1975] would place control of private transportation "The public utility district mechanism NEW ENERGY-OUR PLAN Is To TURN THE systeins, i.e., oil and gas pipelines and elec quickly proved capable of achieving spectacu PRIVATELY CONTROLLED U.S. ENERGY INDUS tric transmission systeins, in the hands of lar results in poor Washington counties. Tiny TRY INTO A SOCIALIZED REGIONAL AND LOCAL the nrutional agency. The plan additionaHy Lewis County, with a population of 35,000 NETWORK would sever the bonds that link industry and farmers, loggers, and cattlemen and no in Last year a group of us at the Institute for government by removing planning from the dustry, now operates a $2 million-a-year Policy Studies sought to develop the outlines industry purview and putting it in the hands PUD which provides nearly a quarter of a of an overall plan that would change the of the new system. Research and development million dollars a year in revenues for the existing energy system in the United States. functions also would be taken from the fed county-including $125,000 per year to sup We set forth principles, and then a tentative eral government and industry, and instead port its public schools. Chelan County, also scheme for a new system, actually a network placed directly in the hands of the district, quite small, started its PUD in 1936 and of democratically constituted local, regional regional and national energy agencies. purchased its first transmission lines nine and national energy organizations. This sys In practice this energy system might work years later. Within the next few years it tem would have the authority to produce, like this: The energy district board of, let's bought out some existing power systems. transmit and distribute energy throughout say, Riverhead, Long Island, New York, would built a 249,000 KW generating facility at Rock the nation. Its introduction clearly would meet weekly to de·bate and develop energy Island, and financed construction of its own have major effects on other parts of the policy thait would include a five to ten year Rocky Reach dam by selling $263 million political economy as well. forward plan. These plans would take into worth of revenue bonds. The 800,000 KW In doing so we recognized all the dangers account such factors as the feasibility of Rocky Reach project ls a model of activity inherent in Utopian planning. But it seemed in troducing solar energy for heating and in the public interest; its powerhouse even to us important to set forth a vision for the cooling of buildings, low energy archttecture, includes a museum of artifacts excavated future and also a fretwork into which vari transportation and industrial patterns. Riv during construction of the dam. Power from ous reforms or changes could be fit. Other erhead's district then would join with other Rocky Reach, available by 1961, attracted wise, we are likely to go fumbling along, public energy districts making up a Middle manufacturing installations by Alcoa, Dow patching up a decrepit system here and Atlantic region, for monthly meetings at Chemical, the Vanadium Corporation, and t here, not driving for any fundamental New York. At these meetings, the Riverhead others. By 1967, 22 Washington PUDs were change. representative would work with other re supplying electric power to 280,000 cus Our plan or system is based on several gional representatives in hammering out a tomers." principles, including: coo:r:dinated energy plan, also involving maxi Directors of the PED would be elected at mum use of solar a.nd other alternative en 1. The natural resources of the nation the polls as part of regularly scheduled elec ergy schemes. These meetings would result in tions with standards set for local geographic should belong to all the people. a regional plan, which the regional repre 2. Each citizen should be assured a fair and worker representation. sh are of the energy made available to the sentative would present in Washington to the A public energy district would have power national agency. The members of the na of eminent domain, but not the power to American people. tional agency, each one representing a region, 3. Whatever system is developed, it should tax. be firmly rooted in local popular control. would then work up a coordinated national The public energy district would be the plan that sought to mee.t the requirements basic unit within the proposed system of Thus, regional and district agencies, created of each region and district. under the plan, should be involved in every local, regional, and federal energy planning stage of the preparation of the national en Suppose, in the case of the Middle Atl&n and administrative bodies. It would conduct ergy plan. tic region, including Riverhead, the national planning, carry out research and develop plan calls for allocating oil to be used for 4. All information regarding the activities ment, produce oil, gas, coal, uraniUIU, etc .• medicine and gasoline. The national board design and manufacture solar collectors. of every energy agency, all reserve statistics allots the region an amount of oil produc and data on energy consumption should be build oil refineries, lay pipelines, operate and tion on the outer-continental shelf off Lou construct electric generation systems-all of publicly available on a timely basis, to facil isiana. Then the Middle Atlantic region con itate the fullest possible participation by the the functions now carried on by the different tmcts with the southern region for produc energy industries or fragmented public or public in the preparation of the plan, and in tion of the oil at rates established by the its subsequent implementation. non-profit bodies. national board. The oil then is transported It is anticipated that the district would 5. The prices of energy products should be from offshore Louisiana to Middle Atlantic set at the minimum level consistent with the continuously debate energy policy and ~stab refinedes via pipelines corutrolled by the na lish and administer policy for the region. It costs of production and the ecologically tional boa.rd, and from the Middle Atlantic sound use of the nation's resources, including would se·t utility rates and priorities for end refineries to Riverhead, in pipelines con use of fuels. not only energy resources but also air, water, trolled by the region. land and other natural resources. The district is meant to be a powerful po This system ls operated by a popular gov litical and economic organization. For ex 6. There should be the minimum possible ernmental planning process that is grounded consumption of non-renewable resources. ample, if an automobile manufacturer sought in local constituencies. Private enterprise to open a plant within a public energy dis Where possible, the energy plan should be functions within this system in a circum coordinated with other national planning trict, it must first submit a detailed plan scribed way, i.e., its methods of operation, of operations to the PED whereupon the di aimed at reducing the consumption of non rates, etc., are established by the system, renewable resources. rectors would initiate hearings on the ad treated in effect as a public utility. vlsabllity of building such a plant, initially With these principles in mind, the group Here is a more detailed description of the taking into account the plan's impact on then began to lay out an initial, tentative plan's different aspects: energy and the environment. But as the PED scheme for actually translating the ideas into developed, it might also go further, inquiring a legislative and administrative program. PUBLIC ENERGY DISTRICTS The heart of the plan involves creation of into the energy efficiency and usefulness of Briefly, the concept calls for creation of the end product, i.e., car, truck or bus; the public energy distric•ts around the country. a new local governmental unit to administer energy policy-the Public Energy District effect of the plant on employment and trans There would be several hundred such dis portation within the PED, environmental tricts, and the distric1t energy boards would (PED) . This would be a sort of municipal corporation, a political subdivision within a impacts, effect on economic growth policies, be chosen in general elections. The district state. The idea ls taken in part from Lee and in other ways look into the beneficial boards would plan, control and administer Webb's work on a model energy scheme for and adverse effects of constructing the fac energy production and distribution within Vermont. In part it is based on historical tory. their territories. They are the guts of the experience in the state of Washington. As Within the different operations of the dis system. The local districts, in turn, would David Whisnant has described the Washing trict, workers would manage and operate the send representatives to regional energy ton experience in People's Appalachia, "In faCITities, although the overall policies would boards. The regional boards would send rep concept the public utility district is relatively be determined by the district board or coun resentatives to the national energy agency, simple. Normally a PUD law authorized a. cil, which of course also would include which would coordinate and de1velop national publicly controlled body to issue revenue- workers. February 10, 197·5 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2899

REGIONAL ENERGY BOARDS uranium necessary for hydrogen bombs and As the history of the modern energy cor Each public energy district would send a nuclear power plants. In doing so it was an dustry instructs, again and again large cor representative of its board to a regional en swering the dictates of the Pentagon, which porate interests-the Standard Oil Trust, its e·rgy board. The federal government has de was anxious to perpetuate nuclear technol- successor companies, the Morgans, Insulls, veloped 10 multistate regions for the purpose ogy. . Rockefellers-dominated different sectors of of administering its different programs, and Under this new proposal, the possibility the industry through control of the transmis while these regions are arbitrary, the plan of such policy would be greatly lessened by sion facilities. Rockefeller initially built his uses them as a basis, at least tentatively. grounding the policies of a TVA-like author monopoly through control over transporta (There are several different sorts of fed ity in the local districts, which in this in tion. In the 1930s, the Morgans and Rocke eral regions, including six large "depressed stance would include the strip mined areas, fellers controlled the natural gas business areas" defined by the Economic Development and it could not become an instrument of by dominating the pipelines. In California Administration; 25 metropolitan administra topdown federal policy. today, the major companies control the in tive areas called Federal Executive Boards, NATIONAL ENERGY ORGANIZATION dustry by ownership of pipelines. In elec and 10 overall administrative regions which The purpose of this board or agency would tricity, brownouts and blackouts are due in cover the entire nation and its te.rritories. large part to the inefficient systems caused be to coordinate the ideas and plans of the because private companies refuse to transmit Under Nixon, the major emphasis was to different regions. It would be an important develop the 10 regions, and the Department public power and interlock their systems with organization, providing the point of contact public power systems. Tanker fleets, the larg of Labor, HUD and HEW all were committed with the federal governmental apparatus and to similar regional concepts, and often had est navies in the world, still are controlled the Congress. by the major oil companies, and so on. Trans offices in the same building in the same city, It would have several principal functions. which served as a sort of regional capital: portation of energy is absolutely crucial to Perhaps the most important would be to act its ultimate control. Therefore, under the Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Atlanta, as trustee of the nation's natural resources, Dallas, Denver, Chicago, San Francisco, plan the major interstate transportation allocating scarce resources to regions for dis facilities should be placed under direct con Seattle, and Kansas City. Nixon set up a tribution to localities. regional council where representatives of trol of the national energy board. This is a In principle, all natural resources of the crucial part of our long range plan. each involved agency have a seat.) nation ought to be public, and not given sole While the public energy district would ad The plan would have the national board ly to any corporation for exploitation on its in a staged process acquire outright control minister energy resources on a day to day own terms. But, as with all other aspects of basis, the regional board would allocate re {Obtain 51 percent of securities) of the major this plan, transitional steps are needed. Here interstate natural gas and oil pipelines, and sources within the total area. is one good example: The Tennessee Valley Authority provides electrical transmission systems. The national agency could take over from During this 10-year period, the national an idea of what a regional organization might the Interior Department administration of be like. Since its origins in 1933, TVA sought energy board would lease and operate those those territories already in the public do portions of oil, gas and electrical transmis to mesh together different aspects of re main; that is, areas specifically removed from source planning, electric power, agriculture, sion systems necessary to transmit energy commerce by the Congress for the purpose of from public domain territories to the differ industry, ifertilizer production, navigation, the general public good. These federal re flood control, recreation, conservation. It ent public energy districts. Terms of the sources include an extensive amount of min leases would be negotiated between the board conceived of the immediate job as not merely eral fuels. The estimates vary. According to a and the companies. to build dams and reservoirs, but to put common estimate, over 50 percent of the fos people to .work. It did not contract for the The lease period would provide an effective sil fuel energy resources of the United States test of the systems and t:p.e energy board workers, but hired them directly, building are in the public domain territories. Some them communities, attending to their health could determine which parts of the trans estimates place the amounts as high as 80 portation lines could be used in its develop needs. It was an important force in reinforc percent. According to the Ford Foundation's ing inter-regional system. ing existing state and local governments, by Energy Policy Project report, about one-third delegating tasks to these governments on a In the case of interstate commerce in of the remaining domestic oil and gas re energy that was transported by water, rail, contractual basis. Its free technical services sources are estimated as likely to be found in helped raise the level of state and local serv truck or airplane, the energy board would the outercontinental shelf, which is part of establish rates and prescribe general policy. ices. the public domain. In 1972, the outercon Even though it was entirely surrounded by While the national board would determine tinental shelf lands produced 10 percent of policy and establish rates, the actual work hostile corporations and a federal govern the domestic oil and 16 percent of the do would be carried out at the local level by the ment which reinforced those corporations, mestic gas. Oil shale is almost entirely con PEDs. Neither the national energy board nor TVA became an immensely important eco trolled by the federal government. About one the regional boards should maintain sizeable nomic force, far more so than often is recog half the domestic coal in the West is under bureaucracies. All work, including planning, nized. It should be remembered that TVA's federal control. About 85 percent of the strip bookkeeping, hearings and investigations electrical production program initially made pable low sulphur deposits are in the public should be conducted by the PED staff. possible the nuclear industry. Without the domain. About half of the nation's geother The national energy board would regulate vast quantities of electricity produced by mal resources are on public land. An esti commerce in energy between regions. Com the combined coal and hydroelectric plants mated 50 percent of the domestic uranium merce within a given region, among the pub of the valley authority, the Atomic Energy supply is in the public domain. lic energy districts, would be governed by the Commission's uranium enrichment plants These estimates do not include the huge regional board. Commerce within the public could never have operated. In providing that areas of Alaska that already have been leased energy district would be regulated by that electricity, TVA literally reorganized the coal by the federal government to oil companies, board. industry. It introduced tlie concept of long nor the state-controlled lands. term contracts, was an important factor in PLANNING Under one concept, a transl tional scheme As the brief history of the oil and coal in mechanizing the coal industry, and became would be to place these important resources, the single largest purchaser of coal, a vital dustries indicates, the crucial element in the already in the federal public domain (and in industry's control of public resources and of factor in the market. It also introduced a one sense "nationalized") within the control modicum of sanity into the electrical utility federal governmental policy is planning. Sys of the national agency, whose regional con tematically, since the early 1920s, the federal industry, through its interlinks with other stituents then could make initial plans and private systems in the south and southeast government has given over to industry access coordinate national policy based on this re- to natural resources and has refused to plan ern mountains, particularly the American source base. · Electric Power Company's operations. Despite these resources. Eventually, the idea would be to widen The central, most important step in break the vitriolic attacks made upon TVA by pri the concept of public lands so that all natu vate power, the valley authority, through ing apart big capital from the federal gov ral resources, including mineral fuel re ernment would be to remove planning from these entities, made the private systems sources, were considered public. stronger and more stable. the industry. The representative federal board In principle then, all energy sources would as envisioned in this plan would conduct The tragedy of TVA is that because it be come under the public control. came so much an instrument of national routine, careful mapping of the nation's min In addition, the national organization eral energy resources, including geophysical economic policy, it has been placed in a posi should have a planning staff that functioned tion of turning against its own constituency assessments, shallow and deep core drilling, as a public research and development cen environmental tests, aerial and space surveys, on the strip mine issue. Because of its policy ter serving the different regions. Probably mapping and testing of the nation's coal, etc. of providing low priced electricity, the au this staff would conduct the mapping and As with other parts of the proposed syste~, thority seeks out coal at the lower prices, and resource estimates that now are carried out the actual work would be carried out within hence trades heavily in strip mined coal from by private industry. the different energy districts under contract Appalachia. Strip mining is ruinous to the The national organization would take over from . the federal and regional boards. entire region; by buying the stripped coal functions of the Federal Power Commission Federal money designated for planning TVA turns its own constituency against it. and the other regulatory agencies. Fo:r in would be earmarked for use first by local A similar situation developed around nu stance, it would establish all interstate rates energy districts, and secondly through con clear power. TVA reorganized the coal indus and end use priorities for energy, and ar tract with not-for-profit groups within the try to provide the electricity to enrich the range for international trade. localities. 2900 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 10, 1975 Where the money was spent on private in public has turned to the business corpora that, to survive, it must include all Amer dustry, it would go to locally owned and tion to demand that it play an increased role icans, as ruthlessly as it excluded some managed small business. in solving the human and social problems Americans. It must pursue humanity for all, This is a. tentative long range plan for that are currently undermining America's as relentlessly as it tolerated inhumanity to political action. It cannot be implemented present and future and the very survival of many. tomorrow; the outline surely will change its marketplace. This conclusion was best Commerce or business is the very heart with experience and discussion. But we offer articulated by the eminent humanist and of the American system. Not only was it a the plan as the beginning of a. debate for social thinker, Dr. Kenneth Clark, when he principal cause of the nation's revolution socializing our natural resources. concluded that: "Business and industry are and the foundation of the Republic, but the (Those particlpating in the !PS discussions our last hope. They are the most realistic individuals who wrote and shaped its Con included Bettina. Conner, Len Rodberg, James elements in our society." stitution and institutions were all essentially Ridgeway, Robb Burlage. A more detailed vei; Whatever the rationale, there is widespread businessmen. sion of this plan will appear in New Energy, recognition today that business corporations The real and enduring strength in Amer by James Ridgeway and Bettina Conner, to must take a more active role and an in ica's private enterptise system lies not in its be published by Beacon Press this spring.) creased involvement in more directly pur mythological exhortations about so-called suing and meeting the social, consumer and self-made men but in what Paul N. Ylvisaker citizenship challenges of these times. calls "creative aristocracy." That is, business' To aid in this contemporary quest for the ability to accommodate, include and utilize CORPORATE SOCIAL "why to" and the "how to" of greater cor enormous diversity based ori talent and per RESPONSIBILITIES porate social response, this article will ex formance rather than heredity, race, sex and amine this emerging challenge from these class, as the right places, at the right time. overlooked or new prespectives: (1) The his For example, throughout its early history torical role of business corporations as American business was an exclusive club, run HON. LOUIS STOKES fundamental social institutions; and (2) the by owner/ managers and frequently domi OF OHIO unique role of the Black American experi nated by men from Great Britain and other IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ence as a key barometer to social change and points in Western and Central Europe. The opportunity. alienated and restless minorities which vio Monday, February 10, 1975 HISTORIC ROOTS AND SOCIAL FRUITS lently and noisily confronted that system in Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, the black ("Commerce is generally understood to be the "isms" and "movements" of the time businessman has a unique perspective on the basis on which the power of this country were basically the late arrivals with the hath been raised, and on whioh it must ever funny names and wrong religions from the the role and responsibility of business wrong parts of Europe-East and South. corporations in improving the quality of stand."-Benjamin Franklin.) In the quest for corporate social responsi Ever since 20th century American business life for all Americans. A black leader in bill:ty, one of the greatest barriers is a lim "cut in" these excluded Europeans to avoid the corporate world, and my personal ited understanding of the primary and his being "cut out," it has become richer, more friend for many years, Mr. Harold Sims, toric roles the business corporation has powerful and more influential than ever en has eloquently addressed himself to the played in the evolution of Western society visioned. But significantly and tragically, subject of corporate social responsibility and the non-Western world. This limited un American business erected these new man derstanding has led to a great deal of ethnic ager /professionals as barriers between the in the following article reprinted from long-time excluded Americans (primarily Contact magazine. I submit Harold Sim's and human amnesia, propaganda and guilt about how the United States was made and women and non-Whites) and the heirs of commentary on this topic of emerging the role economi·CS played in it. these original owner/mangers--thereby al importance for the interest of my Without clarifying that evolutionary lowing their heirs to move in a single gen colleagues: eration from liberal advocates to conserva framework, it will be almost impossible for tive resisters. THE QUEST FOR CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPON corporations to move beyond reaction to af SIBILITY : ALTRUISM, NECESSITY OR OP firmatively and aggressively learn how to Despite the amnesia being practiced PORTUNITY better re.late social responsib111ty to its bot against the female and non-White consumoc (By Harold R. Sims) tom line. citizen by the "new imm.lgrant"-himself just one generation removed from the urban " ... profit takes on a. new meaning for Carefully and creatively reexamined then, this excluded his•tory reminds us that: ghetto, one step from the boat dock, and one enlightened businessmen who know that un home mortgage from poverty-inclusiveness less today's profits are in pa.rt used for im America is fundamentally an economic sys.tern; has still proven to be the one unchanging portant social ends, there may be no profits and effective fact in the continuing evolution tomorrow." Whitney M. Young, Jr., from It was an economic system long before it was a political or a democratic system; of America's staibility, wealth and growth. Beyond Racism, 1969. In fact, there has never been a single in Nowadays, it seems that everyone ls talk In the 470 odd years since that system was ing about corporate social responsibility. planted in North Amert.ca, economic con stance when expanding or "cutting" people siderations have tended to dominate all or into a critical U.S. system has not made the From every spectrum of the American ideo system richer, wiser and more productive logical span, from Milton Friedman to Mi most other concerns, whether spiritual, po for all included in it. chael Harrington, debates and discussions litical or ideological; ensue about the proper or improper role The earliest and most enduring instru We must conclude, therefore, that the ment of this European-launched economic most historically sound, socially significant business must increasingly play or not play thing that corporations must and can do now in using its resources to become more di system was the foreign-owned, European based trading company-the forerunner to is to include all _of its currently excluded rectly involved in the nation's new campaign consumer citizens (especially women and to improve the quality of life. today's multinational, multi-geographic corporation; and those of African, As'ian, Native American and In many ways, this is a curious and un Latin descent) into the total reward and re balanced debate. On the more visible side, This trading company or foreign-con trolled, state-owned corporation, born in the sponsibility system of the business corpora the American corpora ti on is often portrayed tions which their dollars and needs support- as a greedy, insensitive power broker which post-Marco Polo age, became the greatest and to do so without delay. only reacts to short-term profits, govern and most effective weapon of conquest ment decree or consumer threat. Yet, on the (called colonialism), as well as economic de BLACK BAROMETER-SOCIAL CHANGE less visible side, many of the principal ar velopment, in the history of humankind. By ("If American history means anything, it chitects of these negative or cynical portray dividing and pacifying people on the basis of proves that great ability may appear among als have been empowered to effectively chal relative need, supply, demand and exchange, the sons and daughters of unsuccessful or lenge the corporations from the very re it separated re'lative from relative, nation very ordinary parents. Any system that sources and technology which the corpora from nation, tribe from tribe-rearranging promises well for our future must guarantee tions generate. civ111zations on the basis of markets and re these young people the opportunity they de This latter point-the funding or enabling sources rather than custom and tradition. serve. "-Robert Wood Johnson, 1947.) by American business of the institutions Slavery then existed in America for eco The key catalyst in triggering this current which have been among its most effective nomic necessity or cause, not for racial or movement by business towards economic in crltlcs--,may be among its greatest contribu moral reasons, and when it became uneco clusiveness is Black America. As a direct re tions to the free enterprise system to date. nomical it died-notwithstanding the instru sult of the urban-racial disturbances of the In some ways, this unbalanced debate is ment of war. 1960's, most American corporations entered part of the overall disenchantment with es Segregation existed in America for eco the quest for social resuonsibility late and, tablished institutions of any kind within the nomic not political reasons, and when it be even then, through reaction rather than de public cynicism and distrust of our times. came uneconomical it died-notwithstanding sire. Responding to the findings of the Ker,. In other ways, these portrayals may also the instruments of organization, philan ner Commission Report, the password was suggest that in view of the failure of other thropy, protest and Black Messiahs. "jobs"-for the Black unemployed, under major, non-profit and tax-supported Ameri Today, those same economic forces which emoloved and outraged. can institutions to stabilize or reverse our permitted and encouraged a nation founded In this climate, social responsibility came national drift towards social mismanagement on principles to undermine its very incep to mean in the minds of many such things as and human resource abuse, the American tion with evil and misdeeds now demands "exceptions for Blacks," "riot prevention," February 10, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2901 "ghetto handouts," "women's lib," etc., tinued rhetoric or strategies which treat cor business must learn to ma.nage change or it rather than an increased willingness on the pora.tions and minorities in it as persons will be controlled by change. It recognizes part of business to confront and participate to be used rather than co-equally supported that in today's marketplace, social responsi in the solution of certain cost-related soctal may lead once again to the loss of hard bility has joined the mairketing team in its problems. No pragmatic attempts we,re made fought rights, due to the failure to seize quest to help business survive and prosper. to seriously seek the relationship of this new ~nd retain the power to influence those free However, to survive and profit from these movement to the changing consumer market enterprise, life-supporting systems which new challenges to the American economic climate, taxes, capital investment, talent fundamentally shape America. system in a free world marketplace, both shortages and other known business oppor- Both Black Americans and corporations business and its society~specially its Th!rd tunities and threats. must understand that their collective unity World, female and youth components-must Business managers were asked to hire ensures the advancement of all excluded demonstrate, through a new code of action Black workers for racial reasons rather than classes and the maximization of talent utlli oriented results, that: for business reasons. The Federal govern zaition and market expansion. Economics, like The price of peaceful progress is to make ment ·reinforced this request with threats of the world, is round. progress in peaceful times. economic sanctions and court cases. Alien VISION TO TRANSFORM THE MARKETPLACE The price of profit today is reinvestment in tomorrow. communications techniques and internal America then is fundamentally a business structures were created within large corpora The price of keeping power is sharing or economic society, whose economic institu power. tions to effect social responsibility efforts on tions lay the foundation for freedom as we the periphery rather than in the mainstream The price of independence is interdepend perceive it; whose roots are in its very con ence. of corporate power. These forces led many stitutional framework of existence. businesses to regard social responsibility as Economic development, as a vision, means pie-in-the-sky altruism and forced govern that the world expects now and will demand THE PERILS OF CURTAILMENT ment intervention. This led to defensiveness tomorrow that business also do its work for and resist an ce by some businesses, which the good of the society or the marketplace generated in creased public pressure and new which sustains it, while continuing to make HON. MORRIS K. UDALL government regulations. a competitive profit. Economic nationalism OF ARIZONA Black America, too, saw the corporate has moved multinationally and transna social responsibility movement through lim tionally in pursuit of an economic result, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ited and reactionary eyes. Yielding to the which improves the quality of life and the Monday, February 10, 1975 pain and glory of the 1960s, they began to percentages for survival. view it as tokenism, deception and other The expressions and expectations of this Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, the eco insincere efforts, won by fear rather than new vision have transformed the market nomic crisis has evoked as many varied commitment to the liberation of human place. opinions as alternative solutions. Gov - talent. Civil rights were glorified and eco In such a climate, reducing the uncon ernmental controls, laisse faire philos nomic rights underplayed·. Black achievers trollable circumstances or the environmental ophy, and administrative subsidies have in politics were publicized and highlighted risks of doing business becomes as impor out of proportion to their actual accom tant to marketing as increasing sales. For ex all been suggested with the conventional plishments; while Black achievers in busi ample, profit yields to market uncertainty attitude of complete curtailment of ness were largely ignored or viewed as which sets lower limits on investment return. production. All these responses seem to powerless, selfish compromisers out of pro In fact, marketing pioneer Naylor Fitzhugh me to, be negative, hasty and individually portion to their real value, emerging role and of Pepsi Cola argues that the formula for ill-suited to be the answers for the prob critical necessity. The inseparable relation profl t today and tomorrow must subtract lems facing the United States. ship between the survival of Black political risk cost after all other cost has been ma.de I have been seeking positive ap power and the acquiring of Black economic to realistically determine real earnings or power was largely ignored or unattended. real profits and actual value. proaches, and along these lines I want Despite these conditions, Black America's One can easily speculate, for example, on to bring to the attention of colleagues efforts and sensitivities once again predicted how favorable the American marketplace some fresh thoughts presented in a the course of action and goals for all other could be in terms of tax-loa.d, environmental paper by Mr. Sidney Scheuer. excluded minorities and women in the 1970s. health, consumer purchasing power, balance Mr. Scheuer has had a most varied As it was during the Civil War and its Re of payments, p.roductivity, skill availa.bility, and fruitful experience as one of our top construction, the peculiar and complete safety, security amd general peace of mind, if economic administrators and negotiators interweaving and interaction of the Black we in buisness ha.ct viewed Whitney Young's American within the total institutional call for a domestic Marshall Plan as our first during World War II. In a private capac framework of the American society still order of business in the 1960s and in our ity as president of Scheuer & Co. and makes them the most accurate and sure vested and urgent interest. Intertex International, he was one of the predicto.r of the nation's social future. We oan therefore summarize our examina pioneers in East-West trade, taking an For example, the origins of the American tion of the quest for corporate social respon early lead when it was unpopular and labor union, the Susan B . Anthony move sibility with these conclusions: difficult to do so. He struggled with the ment, the "New Deal" programs, the full Oorporations and business are historically economics of America before under the employment struggle, the Equal Opportunity the foundation of our economic system and, leadership of the late President Franklin movement, the War of Poverty, the humani fundamentally, social institutions with tre zation of the Army, etc., were all concep mendous impact upon the fabric and life D. Roosevelt. tualized, demanded and often initiated in style of mode·rn society. As such, they incur As chairman of the National Commit the Black community, long before political major responsibilities which in turn p.resent tee for an Effective Congress, Mr. parties or majority representatives even con major opportunities for ma.rket growth and Scheuer recognizes the great disadvan ceived of or supported the idea or the deed. survival through innovative sociaJ invest tage which American businesses face in Even the artistic fashion and social life ment. competition with the highly centralized style of America is often seen and lived in Corporations must understand that Black and subsidized Iron Curtain economics. Harlem before it ever reaches Broadway. Americans are the key barometers to social He feels only positive Government ac Gunnar Myrdal made this point in An change and economic progress in America as American Dilemma, when he argued that well as in developing countries abroad. They tion will stimulate large scale trade Black America's impact on White America is are the way to reducing the risk climate and initiatives. as great as White America's control of Black improving the environment for better and While I have some clear differences America. more secure business performance. with Mr. Scheuer's approach I commend To paraphrase Mayor Kenneth Gtbson, Black Americans must learn to independ it to my colleagues as a fresh and inno "Wherever America is going, Black America ently assess and better appreciate the busi vative analysis which may help provoke will get there first." ness corporation so that the creative re further thought. Viewed in these terms, it is critical for sources of business, minority and female business to understand that you cannot up America can move from confrontation to The article follows: lift Black America without uplifting all conciliation to mutual rewards through co The following is an evaluation of the ad America. Particularly vital here is the role of oper·ation. The struggle for social justice and vantages of maximizing production as against the Black woman as the link between the respect l!n America has shifted to the corpo the disadvantages of broad-scale curtail- struggles for racial equity and sex equality. rate inside. Whitney Young has been multi ment. ' Strategies which propose to neglect Blacks plied manyfold. Over-organization and over-manning are for other minorities or women beg for de Black women have a critical role in this among the major maladies of modern society. layed disaster rather than shared progress. emerging new coalition for change. They They are a form of sickness which has over Black America, on the other hand, must must negotiate the dangerous barriers be taken the capitalist as well as the Eastern come to grips with the importance, resources tween racial aspiration and female self Communist worlds. They betray a belief and and vulnerability of the America.n business assertion. trust in foolproof formulae which are sup community to the changing economic cli Corporate social responsibility then is an posed to prevent error and eliminiate un mate at home and around the world. Con- idea whose time has come. It affirms that certainties. 2902 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 10, 1975 This concept has failed completely;. in Middle East suppliers has been emulated by triggering worldwide outrage, after four years stead of achieving efficiency and improving other commodities-supplying countries. This of suffering and torturing by the Soviet Com management, it has merely given rise to could have been forestalled; it ought cer munists in the Soviet prisons and slave burdensome and unproductive costs. No area tainly to have been denounced as a moral labor camps, finally in November, 1974 he of human activity has been exempted from assault on international society, but now it and his family landed in America. this obsessive surge-government services, is a reality and must be dealt with. Whereas the Soviet Union took over Lith municipal activities, industry, professional Governments that treat certain industries uania by force of arms in June, 1940; and organizations, educational establishments as instruments of national policy are a.mong Whereas the Lithuanian people are strongly ia.nd most other areas of activity. the add:Ltional international factors which opposed to foreign domination and are deter What to do and how to do it are difficult capitalist societies must contend with. The mined to restore their freedom and sover to determine. Undertaking corrective steps culmulartive influence of all this upon free eignty which they rightly enjoyed for more at a time when capitalist societies are in competition ls something new to our busine~ than seven centuries in the past; and disarray as never before in modern times community, so it behooves us to give tangible Whereas all representatives of the United is not easy. Obviously, when and as correc proof of our commitment to maximum p·ro Nations, including the Soviet Union, signed. tion is undertaken, displacement and un ductlvity. the Declaration of Human rights ten years employment will ensue. While pensions, un If this is done, the balance sheet of our ago, but the Soviet Union has failed to liv& employment insurance and other similar capitalist society will look mu~h better in up to the principles and goals of the afore programs iare available in greater measure two years than it will if curtailment, with mentioned declaration; and than ever before, ways must be found to deal drawal, and fear dominate. The open ques Whereas the government of the Soviet. with the displaced persons involved. If they tion is whether the necessary leadership can Union, through a program of deportations have talents, as many have, they can be em be generated and whether it will recognize and resettlement of peoples, continues in its ployed usefully provided a new beginning and this as an opportunity and as a test of effort to change the ethnic character of the a new approach iare adopted. strength. Our industrial effectiveness hinges populations of the Baltic States; and To accomplish this would necessitate large upon statesmanship. Employment will be Whereas scores of new States were estab scale and unorthodox initiatives. One such vastly more increased by work rather than lished and founded since 1945 in Asia and appears to be to undertake a new approach by handouts, by using our strengths rather Africa and admitted into the United Nations; in production policies; to wit, the operation than by permitting our economic society to and 'Of our industrial facilities at maximum deteriorate. Innumerable objections will be Whereas it has been the firm and con capacity. While this sounds like economic raised; one being that prices will decline sistent policy of the government of th& and financial heresy, it is nothing of the but isn't that what is urgently desired? Will United States to support the aspirations of kind. Only in areas which are experiencing our economy not be less damaged iJohn Hancock. 2904 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 10, 1975 APRIL 11-12-QUINCY To MARK 350TH BmTH A sit-down roast beef dinner was served The film also contains shots of pictures in DAY AT 2-DAY CELEBRATION at 7:30 p.m., followed by the announcement books and tells the story of the early stages (By Mary Ann Duggan) of the slogan and poster contest winners. of the Revolution, emphasizing the role of John Adams. Quincy will officially celebrate its 350th For Benzaquin it was a pleasant home birthday April 11 and 12 with a week-end coming. He is a graduate of Quincy High James Lynch, a teacher at Atlantic Junior · dinner-dance and homecoming day. School. Benzaquin is the host of an hour High, as well as the school children, narrate A . semi-formal, sit-down dinner at the long morning talk show on Channel 7. A the film. Chateau de Ville in Randolph will begin the former Herald and Globe reporter, he is the McCarthy said the children reacted eagerly festive weekend Friday, April 11. Quincy na author of "Fire", a book chronicling the hor to making the movie. He said: tives who have gained national recognition ror of the Coconut Grove holocaust. He was "I hope they learned about Quincy's role have been invited to return to their historic also nominated for two Pulitzer Prizes. in the nation's beginning and I hope they The premier of "Quincy Played Its Part", got an idea of how a film is made." Granite City to participate in the two-day, a 20-minute film produced by sixth graders, birthday-homecoming celebration. closed the gala evening. Under the direction William Szathmary, alias Bill Dana, re of Walter McCarthy, Atlantic Junior High ARTICLE ON QUINCY IN MASSACHUSETl'S cently replied to Mayor Walter J. Hannon's School Graphic Arts teacher, the children BICENTENNIAL GUIDE invitation to attend the city's 350th anniver tried to envision and re-create the life of the "Quincy: Still Making Merry On Merry sary party. Dana thanked the Mayor for his early settlers leaving their homes and friends Mount", is a full-page article on Quincy gracious invitation and said he would try to to make a new life in a new and unfamiliar Heritage included in the omcial Massachu re-arrange his schedule and attend the city's frontier. setts Bicentennial Guide. planned celebrations. The article discusses the major programs In his letter, Dana wrote: WHY WE PRONOUNCE IT "QUIN-ZEE" of Quincy Heritage, including tourmoblle "Quincy is very important to me. There is Why do we pronounce Quincy "Quin-zee" service to historic sites, the restoration of an expression here-'Put me in with a hard Hancock Cemetery, its information center pencil.'" when just about everyone else in the coun try refers to it as "Quin-see"? and the production of such plays as "Amer He added, "Just one other problem con4 There are 19 other Quincy's in the U.S. ican Primitive", based on letters written be cerning the birthday party. What do you get tween Abigail Adams and John Ada.ms. ' a city which has everything?" but they pronounce it "Quin-see". Can they be right and we be wrong? The Massachusetts Bicentennia.l Guide, a. Invitations have also been sent to stage 160-page booklet filled with illustrations and and film actress Ruth Gordon, actress Lee Not according to Quincy's late city his torian William C. Edwards who never budged pictures, is specifically designed to help resi Remick, former Boston Braves pitcher Dick dents and tourists pre-plan their itinerary to Donovan, Channel 7 TV personality Paul an inch whenever the argument ever came up. And it still comes up. include special Bicentennial events planned Benzaquin and WWI veteran and Congres throughout the Commonwealth. sional medal winner Charles McGilvray. The reason we pronounce it "Quin-zee" is very simple. · Edward Mccolgan, executive director of Friday's dinner-dance will begin at 6: 30 the Massachusetts Bicentennial Commission, p .m. with a social hour. A roast beef dinner "That's the way the Quincy family pro nounced it," he used to explain. presented Mayor Walter J. Hannnon with will be served at 7: 30 p .m. Quincy's first copy of the official guidebook Throughout the evening, John Savini's 15- "The original Quincy family which settled here at Mount Wollaston pronounced it in November. piece orchestra will entertain the guests The booklet is now on sale at the Quincy along with Quincy accordionist Mabel 'Quin-zee' including Col. John Quincy after whom Quincy, Mass.-the first Quincy-was Heritage omces located in the Quincy Center Biagini. MBTA Station. On display that evening will be plywood named in 1792." and paper mache scale-model reproductions Colonel Quincy was the great grandfather of Quincy's historic sites, made by students of sixth President John Quincy Adams. CALENDAR OF EVENTS at Broad Meadows Junior High School. Apparently all 19 other Quincy's in the U.S. Following is a calendar of events scheduled Tickets for the dinner-dance cost $17 each. were named after John Quincy Adams. for a three-month period to celebrate Reservations must be made in advance since And, apparently the early settlers of those Quincy's 350th anniversary. seating is limited. Everyone attending the communities thought John Quincy pro Many other events are being arranged event will receive the official 350th anniver nounced it John "Quin-see". throughout 1975 and 1976-the nation's bi sary medal in bronze. Anyway, that is how Edwards explained centennial, but the actual dates, times and On Saturday, Quincy Square will be the it. Seems like a s ::mnd argument. places have not yet been completely firmed scene of a gala birthday party and home up. coming day for the entire city. Mayor Walter SIXTH GRADERS PRODUCE MOVIE "QUINCY Quincy Heritage will update the calendar J. Hannon will present "Citizens of Distinc PLAYED ITS PART" during the two-year period and it will be tion" awards to Quincy residents, past and "Quincy Played Its Part", a 20-minute published in The Quincy Sun. present, who have made significant contri movie produced by sixth grade Quincy stu Jan. 15, 6:30 p.m.-"Salute to Quincy's butions to •the community. dents, premiered Wednesday night at the Heritage" Dinner and program at the Carlton Both the Quincy High School Band and gala opening of Quincy's Bicentennial and House. the North Quincy High School Band will en 35oth anniversary celebrations. Jan. 23, 7:30 p.m.-"Quincy's Pride" slide tertain during the afternoon celebration Under the direction of Walter McCarthy, show presented to Central School/Home As Which will begin at 2 p .m. A gigantic birth graphic arts teacher at Atlantic Junior High sociation at Central Junior High. day cake will be cut into thousands of pieces School, students involved in "Summer Jan. 27, 8:30 p.m.-"Quincy's Pride" slide --enough for everyone attending. Scene"-the city's summer school program show presented to the Quincy Hadassah at In case of inclement weather, the celebra began to research the film's story-line dur City Hall. tion will be held at the Quincy Vocational ing the summer months. Jan. 30 and 31, 8 p.m.-"Damn Yankees" at Technical School. McCarthy conceived of the idea of making Broadmeadows Junior High School. Leo Meady is chairman of the Quincy the film not only to involve the youngsters Feb. 5, 5 p.m.-Concelebrated Mass at St. Heritage Social Committee which has in the celebration of their city's birthday and Mary's Church with sermon by Bishop Fulton planned and co-ordinated the birthday the nation's bicentennial but to cultivate in J. Sheen of New York. homecoming weekend. Ticket chairman for them a better understanding of their herit Feb. 5, 6 :30 p.m.-"Quincy's Pride" slide the dinner-dance is Mrs. William Walsh. age and history. show presented to Braintree Men's Club at "Stars" in the movie include Michael All Soul's Church, Braintree. Dineen, Patrick Doherty, Christine Flynn, Feb. 12, 8:15 p.m.-"Quincy's Pride" slide "SALUTE TO QUINCY DINNER" KICKS OFF Lisa Flynn and Karen Kiley, all sixth graders show presented to the Mother's Guild at St. HERITAGE EVENTS from Quincy elementary schools. Joseph's Church. A "Salute to Quincy's Heritage Dinner" The film tries to capture the feelings and Feb. 26, 8 p.m.-"Quincy's Pride" slide Wednesday night marked the official begin to re-create the lives of the early pioneer show presented to the Mr. and Mrs. Club of ning of the city's celebration of its 350 years settlers who abandoned the security of their the Wollaston Congregational Church. of history. homeland and sailed to the New· World, March 11, 8:30 p.:tn.-"Quincy's Pride" slid Paul Benzaquin of Channel 7 was the main building a new U!e 1n distant, unfamiliar show presented to the Evening Division of speaker at the four-hour festive event held land. the Quincy Women's Club. at the Carlton House, North Quincy. To prepare for the making of the film, March 13, 12:45 p .m .-"Quincy's Pride" During the evening Mayor Walter J. Han the students visited the Quincy Yacht Club slide show presented to the Wollaston Moth non announced the 54 winners of the Quincy for a sailing lesson during the summer. They ers' Club at the Wollaston ·Lutheran Church. Heritage poster and slogan contests co-spon learned the intricacies of sailing and the March 11, 8:30 p.m.-"Quincy's Pride" slide sored by the Quincy Savings Bank and The skill needed to man a vessel at sea. show presented to the Daughters of the Quincy Sun. The students also visited Plimouth Planta American Revolution, General Sylvanus tion, Quincy's Heritage Trail, United First Thayer Chapter. The evening of entertainment and celebra Parish Church, the Hancock Cemetery, the March 20, 21, 24, 25, 8 p.m.-"Quincy Heri tion began at 6:30 p.m. Pete Henderson, cus Dorothy Quincy Homestead and the birth tage Cabaret" at North Quincy High School todian at the Merrymount School, enter places of John Adams and John Quincy Auditorium. tained the crowd with a solo performance on Adams. Film for the movie was shot at these March 20 and 21, 8 p.m.-"American Primi the bagpipes. historic sites. tive" by William Gibson, a play based on February 10, 197:5 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2905 the letters of Joan and Abigail Ada.ms, at But two books have appeared recently, Washington and Jefferson of their laurels, but Broadmeadows Junior High. both choices of the Book-of-the-Month they can scribble graffiti on their statues. It is unfortunate that dirty words are so hard QUINCY HISTORICAL SOCIETY PROGRAMS Club, that are in a quite different category. At the very time when we are preparing to to erase, and it is shocking that the scrib Jan. 23-350 Years-H. Hobart Holly. exalt those who brought the United States blers should be so richly rewarded." Feb. 27-Recent developments at the of America into being, and to pay tribute to Julian P. Boyd, editor of the massive col American China Trade Museum-Paul E. their virtues and their · accomplishments, lection of Jefferson's pape·rs, whose colossal Molitor, Jr., illustrated. Burr by Gore Vidal and Thomas Jefferson by scholarship is universally recognized, terms March 27-Digging it all up in Eastern Pawn Brodie have been published. These "the principal defect of Brodie's work the Massachusetts--George R. Horner, illus best-selling volumes, purporting to be based manipulation of evidence, the failure to give trated. on sound scholarship, tend strongly to de due weight to the overwhelming considera Meetings are held at the United First Par grade some of the very men whom we, in tions of fact and plausibility which conflict ish Church, Quincy Square, at 7: 30 preceded the bicentennial, are seeking to honor. with her preconceptions." by a dinner by rese"rvatton. The public is The Brodie book is not objectionable Dr. Boyd points out that "among the whole welcome. simply because it advances wholly unproved chorus of adulatory critics of Mrs. Brodie's charges against Thomas Jefferson. It is even book, not a single Jefferson scholar is to be more objectionable because it seeks to show found. Mrs. Brodie's Jefferson never existed WILLIAM AND MARY CELEBRATES that the alleged fathering of a brood of mu ... He is as fictional as the Jefferson in latto children affected Jefferson's whole life Vidal's Burr," Boyd says. He repudiates com 2820 ANNIVERSARY thereafter, giving him a guilt complex. One pletely Brodie's picture of a "despairing, of numerous far-fetched interpretations ad ambivalent, indecisive, guilt-ridden man." HON. THOMAS N. DOWNING vanced by Mrs. Brodie is that "the unwrit Testimony of two aged blacks, published in ten and unadmitted tragedy of Jefferson's the Pike County, Ohio, Republican in 1873, OF VIRGINIA life" was that he had to "keep up an elabo on which Mrs. Brodie relies heavily, was "ob IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rate pretense" that his relations with Sally viously prompted by someone for some un Monday, February 10, 1975 Hemings, the mother of the children, did not explained purpose'', says Boyd, "being un exist. Evidence of this so-called "tragedy" questionably shaped and perhaps even writ Mr. DOWNING. Mr. Speaker, Satur has somehow escaped Jefferson's other ten and embellished by the prompter." Ma day marked the 282d anniversary of the biographers. lone terms it "in the tradition of political granting of the charter for the College It should be recognized at the outset that enmity and abolitionist propaganda." of William and Mary in Virginia. The the charge of fathering mulatto children was One impressive fact, which Mrs. Brodie ig first circulated against Jefferson by a vicious, nored, was that one of the aged men pro ceremonies commemorating the event unscrupulous drunkard named James T. Cal fessed to have personal recollections of events were highly marked by an address by lender, who had become furious with Presi that occurred before he was born. Mr. Virginius Dabney, the retired editor dent Jefferson because the President Merrill Peterson, greatly respected Jeffer of the Richmond Times Dispatch in re.fused to. appoint him postmaster at sonian scholar and author of "The Jefferson which position he won the Pulitzer Prize. Richmond. Image in the American Mind", and "Thom Since that time Mr. Dabney has devoted While proof of Callender's allegation is as Jefferson and the New Nation", says con much of his energy to a lifetime interest wholly lacking, there is no question that, cerning the Brodie book: "Mrs. Brodie has when young and single, Jefferson tried to her obsessive theory and she sends it track in Virginia to the result that his schol seduce the wife of his friend, John Walker, ing through the evidence, like a hound in arship has endowed the Old Dominion when Walker was absent on a trip. This was pursuit of game ... in the end nothing with her finest volume of history to date. admitted by Jefferson, who was obviously no is cornered and we are as remote from the Like most Virginians, Mr. Dabney is plaster saint, and his modern biographers do truth as when we began.... I see no need proud of our State's history and under not try to make him out one. They are aware to charge off in defense of Jefferson's integ standably proud that the richness of Vir of his faults, and this is obvious in their rity when we have no solid grounds for ginia's past enables us to take a respon books about him. doubting it." sible role in the preparations for the But the three greatest living authorities on Dr. Peterson adds that Callender's news Thomas Jefferson all agree that Mrs. Brodie's paper article of 1802, "without supporting bicentennial of our country's founding. book is based on half-truths, unwarranted evidence of any kind, is the principal source We have not found it necessary to assumptions and grievous misinterpretation of the legend, and in all likelihood we would manufacture new tales of Virginia's past, of the known facts. not be discussing it today, but for him. and we are prone to take issue with All three of them-Dumas Malone, Julian "The legend was born in the malignant those who would attempt such an effort. P. Boyd and Merrill Peterson-have devoted political climate of 1800; it was revived by On Saturday, Mr. Dabney once again the greater part of their adult years to the abolitionists, for whom it disclosed the ulti exercised the skilled hand of an editor study of Jefferson, in contra.st to Mrs. Brodie, mate corruption of slavery ... and it en whose other books have been in entirely un joys some currency today because of intense as he took to task two authors who re related fields. These superlative scholars have curiosity about history of the black man cently have treated the truth quite provided me with heretofore unpublished in America ... Callender's known character, loosely in their writings about certain statements concerning the Brodie book, which his motives, his talent for libel-none of this leaders in the movement which brought they have authorized me to use at this time. damages his credibility for Mrs. Brodie.'' this Nation into being. I am pleased to Their views were completely shared by tJ:ie Douglass Adair has an entire chapter en insert the full text of his remarks in the late Douglass Adair, profound student of the titled "The Jefferson Scandals" in his re RECORD: Jefferson era and onetime editor of the Wil cently published posthumous volume Fame and the Founding Fathers. In it he makes FACTS AND THE FOUNDING FATHERS liam & Mary Quarterly. Dumas Malone, whose magisterial biog the following statement: (By Virginius Dabney) raphy of Jefferson is regarded by authorities "In four widely separated areas of the It is fitting that at the ancient College of on both sides of the Atlantic as the la.st word country, four different scholars independent William & Mary, whose halls have been trod on the subject, was reluctant to comment ly discovered four key documents, no one by so many of the great men in our early on the Brodie volume, saying that as a rule he of which alone solves the puzzle, but which, history, we should concern ourselves on this did not discuss "other people's books on when checked and cross-checked against Charter Day with the two hundredth anni Thomas Jefferson." His statement is too long each other, together throw a great blaze of versary of the American Revolution and our for me to quote it in full, but I give the fol light on Jefferson as a slaveholder, on the country's founding. lowing e'Xtract: Monticello slaves, and in particular on the The men and women who carried the Con "This determined woman runs far beyond slaves named Hemings. Today it is possible tinental Army to victory after years of in the evidence and carries psychological specu to prove that Jefferson was innocent of Cal tense struggle against apparently over lation to the point of absurdity. The resulting lender's charges.'' whelming odds, and then created a nation, mishmash of fact and fiction, surmise and Adair's chapter on Jefferson was written in deserve our veneration. They were not per conjecture is not history as I understand the 1960. His assertion that the four documents fect, they had their faults and frailties, but term..... referred to "prove" Jefferson's innocence they possessed ability, courage, determina "Mrs. Brodie is not without insight into seems a bit strong. It is almost impossible tion and character. Jefferson's personality, and excep.t for her ob at this late date to prove such a thing be There was a musical show a few years a.go session, might have contributed to our yond the shadow of a doubt. But it is alto entitled "1776". It did not purport to portray understanding of him. But to me the man she gether possible to indicate, on the basis of history as it was. Thomas Jefferson as a describes .in her more titillating passages is these documents, that the Master of Monti mooning, dreamy, not altogether bright indi unrecognizable. cello was almost certainly innocent. All the vidual certainly seemed a travesty on the "She presents virtually no evidence that probabilities point in that direction. original, and Richard H~nry Lee as a song was not already known to scholars, and whol The four documents referred to by Adair and dance man was so far removed from are Jefferson's Farm Book, a letter from Henry reality that nobody, let us hope, took "1776" ly disregards testimony which I regard as seriously as a picture of actual persons and more reliable .... S. Randall to James Parton, the statement of events. "Fawn Brodie and Gore Vidal cannot rob Madison Hemings published in Ohio in 1873 2906 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 10, 197·5 and reminiscences of Isaac Jefferson, another The other book that we are considering poorly equipped, army was facing soldiers slave at Monticello. today was not written by a professor of his from what was then the most powerful na Jeffersonian scholars have studied these tory, but by a novelist who makes preten tion on the globe. materials for years and they have all con sions to historical knowledge, Burr, by Gore With respect to the Father of His Coun cluded that Jefferson was innocent. They Vidal, is even more objectionable than Jeffer try's personal characteristics, we are in believe with Adair that Peter Carr, son of son by Brodie, since it defames both Wash formed by Burr that he was "slow-witted" Dabney Carr and Jefferson's sister, Martha, ington and Jefferson. but "no man was cleverer when it came to was the father of the mulatto children in I have been astounded by the number of business and the promotion of his own com question. They believe further that Peter's people who have taken this book seriously. mercial interests." One bit of evidence not brother Sam was the father of another group One reason perhaps is to be found in the mentioned by Burr is that the greedy and of mulattoes. declaration of the publisher on the jacket. grasping Washington served seven years as Thomas J. Randolph, Jefferson's grandson, "The facts are actual", we are told, "and commander-in-chief of the Continental Army told the historian Henry S. Randall, that the portraits of the major characters, Wash and eight years as President of the United Sally Hemings was the mistress of Peter and ington, Jefferson, Hamilton . .. are drawn States, and refused to accept compensation his sister Betsey, the mistress of Samuel-and from their own words and from the observa in either post. He even spent some of his own from these relationships sprang the progeny tions of their contemporaries." Also, "the funds for expenses. which resembled Mr. Jefferson. The Hemings book creates with scrupulous accuracy . . . Reference is made to his "cold, dull, ser girls' "connection with the Carrs was perfect the most significant years in the history of pent's glance", his "bleak, dark-toothed ly notorious at Monticello, and scarcely dis America." Vidal himself says that "the story smile" and his "cold, serpent's nature." guised by the latter-never disavowed by told is history and not invention." Also, he never read "any book at all." All them,'' said Randolph. Let us first look at this so-called history this is what Vidal terms "history, not inven He further declared that he showed Peter as it concerns George Washington. tion." and Sam a newspaper containing an insult The story is related largely in the words, The one and only time that Vidal, or Burr, ing article about Jefferson's supposed pater or supposed words, of Aaron Burr, not the can bring himself to praise Washington, even nity of the children. In Randolph's words: most admirable character in American his half-heartedly, is when he speaks of him as "Peter read it, tears coursing down his tory, who, it should be noted, hated both "the supreme creator of this Union", but cheeks, and then handed it to Samuel. Sam Washington and Jefferson. adds that he achieved this by his "powerful uel also shed tears. Peter exclaimed: 'Aren't He hated Washington from the time when will and serpentine cunning." you and I a couple of ---pretty fellows to the latter caught him in 1776 reading con The existence of this reptilian George bring this disgrace on our poor uncle who fidential papers on his desk. Washington had Washington seems to have eluded his prin has always fed us! We ought to be --- by returned suddenly af.ter leaving the room. cipal biographers. He has been intensively ---!' (Expletives deleted.) The commander-in-chi..ef gave Major Burr studied by Douglas S. Freeman and James T. Ellen Randolph Coolidge, granddaughter of a. well-deserved tongue-lashing. Burr's first Flexner, who probably, at a conservative esti Jefferson wrote that Peter Carr had been over- · biographer, who knew him for forty years, mate, devoted ten times as many hours to heard to say, with a laugh, that "the old gen wrote that "his prejudices against General this enterprise as Gore Vidal. Freeman's mas tleman had to bear the blame of his and Washington were immovable." sive biography got the Pulitzer Prize and Sam's misdeeds." In Vidal's book, Burr is constantly sneer Flexner's the National Book Award and a As corroborative evidence we have the ing at Washington, without any explana special Pulitzer citation. After the most statement of Edmund Bacon, overseer at tion by the author of the reasons for this thorough study ever made by anybody of Monticello, who said he knew who the father bitterness. Nothing is said concerning the Washington, Freeman failed to make a single of Sammy's children was, and it was not fact that Washington caught him reading reference to serpent's glances or serpentine Thomas Jefferson. He did not name the confidential documents. Burr repeatedly cunning, and termed him "greater than any father, but said, "I have seen him come out makes slurring observations concerning of us believed he was." Flexner called him of her [Sally's J room many a morning when Washington's appearance, his character and "the indispensable man." Dumas Maione, I went up to Monticello very early." his ability. Yet we are told that this is a who is completing the definitive biography of Why did Thomas Jefferson never deny pub portrait drawn from Washington's "own Thomas Jefferson, nevertheless regards licly that he fathered these children? The words and the observations of his contem Washington as the greatest of all Americans. most plausible explanation is that his father poraries." The English historian, John Richard Green, in-law, John Wayles, had undoubtedly sired Of course, there were contemporaries in in his classic Short History of the English Sally Hemings, Jefferson's supposed para the opposition party, as was Burr, who de People, said of Washington: "No nobler figure mour, and five additional children by Betty nounced Washington on all kinds of ridicu ever stood in the forefront of a nation's Hemings. In other words, this group of six lous grounds, and who simply invented life." illegitimates at Monticello were Jefferson's charges when this appealed to them. Any After mature reflection, I have concluded wife's half-sisters and brothers. With his body can go through the records and find that the opinions of Douglas Freeman, James father-in-law producing one group of mulat these statements. For example, the Phila Flexner, Dumas Malone and John Richard toes and his nephews producing two similar delphia Aurora, the country's leading Repub., Green outweigh those of Gore Vidal. broods, it is easy to see why Jefferson was lican paper, said when the first President of Among those who knew Washington best unwilling to enter into public controversy the United States completed his second term were the members of the Virginia General concerning this matter. and retired to private life, that the Master Assembly, a body in which he had served sev Despite Mrs. Brodie's repeated assertions of Mount Vernon was "the cause of all the eral terms before the Revolution. In 1785 that Jefferson had Sally Hemings for his misfortunes of our country . . . every heart they commissioned the foremost sculptor in concubine over a period of many years, she ought to beat high with exultation that the Europe, Houdon, to execute his statue from reaches the remarkable conclusion that his name of Washington from this day ceases life, and place it in the Capitol at Richmond, "heroic image remains untarnished and his to give currency to political iniquity and to in recognition of his services to the nation. genius undiminished." Yet she asserts that legalize corruption." In 1788, before Washington became Presi the affair gave him a guilt complex for the Those who today may have reservations dent, the people of Richmond began cele rest of his life. concerning the American press will doubt brating his birthday annually as a holiday. Mrs. Brodie even tosses off the charge that less concede that anything as preposterous .. as If the description of Washington in Burr is George Wythe, perhaps the most venerated the foregoing will hardly be found in any based on the observations of his contem man of the age. was the father of the mulatto leading twentieth century American news poraries, as the book's jacket claims, why paper. was no reference made to such contempo boy who died from the same poisoned coffee But this is the sort of thing that Vidal raries as these, who paid him such conspicu that killed Wythe. She makes no attempt seems to have relied on for the observations ous honor? Or those who demanded unani to offer proof. of "Washington's contemporaries." And the mously that he became the first President Mrs. Imogene E. Brown, who has recently contemporary who is relied on more than of the United States? completed a biography of Wythe after several anv, of course, is Aaron Burr. Vidal's and Burr's strictures on Thomas years of work, and Julian Boyd, who wrote Washington, says Burr, ultimately "might Jefferson are not quite so startling as those a 45-page monograph on "The Murder of be judged as an exceUent politician who had on George Washington, since Burr could George Wythe", both say there is absolutely no gift for warfare . .. an incompetent gen hardly have failed to feel strong hostility to no foundation for this charge. Merrill Peter eral." He adds that "in my view, had [Hora ward Jefferson, in view of the latter's role in son and Dumas Malone term it sheer fantasy. tio] Gates or [Charles) Lee been placed in Burr's trial for treason. President Jefferson It is dismaying that Mrs. Brodie's confused command of the Army, the war would have dld his best to obtain a conviction, and his and confusing book has been so highly ended at least three years sooner." methods toward that end, it must be con ceded, do not show him in his best light. praised by some non-Jeffersonian scholars Washington, needless to say, made his It is understandable, then, that in the book in the universities. Written by a professor of mistakes, including some bad ones, in the Burr terms his implacable enemy "a hypo history, it has been lauded by other pro war of the Revolution, and he could not crite" and "the most deceitful" man he had fessors of history. Just what this signifies have won without the aid of France. But let ever known. Burr also repeats the old can for the deterioration of standards on the us consider the enormous handicaps under ard that "Wise Tom preferred the safety of faculties of our seats of learning I leave to which he labored and the fact that his some Virginia and the excitement of local politics others to determine. times ragged and starving, and always to the dangers of war." February 1 O, 197'5 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2907

But when he refers to perhaps the mos.t imposed on the Government of Cuba. ethics committee. I would remind my col brilliantly versatile man America has pro More substantive than the joint resolu duced as "an intellectual dabbler" who "nev leagues that the proxy voting ban was er did any one thing particularly well," he tion, it would bring relations with Cuba originally proposed unanimously in the lapses into absurdity. He becomes still more more in line with our recent efforts to last Congress by our completely biparti nonsensical by strongly implying that Jeffer ward rapprochement with other coun san select committee on committee re son couldn't even write, for he says that cer tries, most notably the People's Republic form, and that it was adopted by a bi tain words of the Master of Monticello dis of China and the Soviet Union. partisan House majority last October. It play "a more than usual infelicity of style." As a matter of fact, to ignore detente was only by a secret democratic caucus Burr even sneers at John Marshall, the man with Cuba, or any other country for that pro~y who saved him from conviction on charges vote this January thait voting was of treason. He states that in the crucial opin matter, is out of harmony with this Na restored to the House rules. ion that secured his acquittal, Marshall tion's expressed foreign policy. In the To charge that opposition to proxy vot moved "with elephantine grace away from case of Cuba, it involves more than just ing is partisan is like claiming that oppo his own earlier position", and Burr adds a foolish consistency because the reasons sition to military desertion is unpatriotic. that the Chief Justice underwent "a shame for threatening and isolating Cuba have I would point out that, among other fUl collapse before Jefferson and public opin become anachronistic. things, our ethics committee is charged ion." In the early part of the last decade, it with voting on allegations of official mis Yet all this defaming of Washington, Jef ferson and Marshall is hardly surprising, giv was commonly held that the isolation of conduct by House Members. To permit en Burr's tremendous prejudice against Cuba would contribute to her decline and proxy voting on this committee would be Virginians. "Putting aside honor like a ultimately purge the island of commu like permitting Judiciary Committee Virginian" is one of his choice phrases. Only nism. The result of this ac·tion has been members to vote resolutions of impeach James Madison, among all the Virginians, increased Communist influence in Cuba, ment without first exposing themselves qualified as a gentlemen, in Burr's opinion. a country which is today stronger, not to the evidence. We have not learned a We inhabitants of the Old Dominion would weaker than it was 13 years ago. Ironi thing from Watergate if we think our be inclined to regard this judgment as slight ly excessive. cally, it is the United States which is now own ethics committee can faithfully dis The amazing thing about Vidal's Burr and isolated. American opinion notwith charge its duties in absentia. Brodie's Jefferson is that so many supposedly standing, eight members of the Organi I noted with interest that the new intelligent readers seem to take them seri zation of American States----OAS-Ar chairman of the ethics committee de ously. It is understanda.ble that these books gentina, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela, Bar f ended proxy voting on the grounds that have sold well, for almost any reasonably lit bados, Jamaica, Panama, and Trinidad it has been "a longstanding rule on the erate work that makes sensational charges and Tobago-have recognized Cuba and committee." This is one of the weakest against revered figures or downgrades those three others-Colombia, Costa Rica, and defenses I have ever heard for proxy whom we have been taught to honor, will appeal to the groundlings. It is, however, dis Equador-are contemplating similar voting. It also used to be a longstanding maying that persons of presumed discrimi shifts in their foreign policy. At a meet practice to burn women at the stake who nation have accepted the slanders in these ing .of the OAS in Quito last year, 12 were thought to be witches. But that did volumes. members voted in favor of accepting not make it right. Here at the College of William & Mary, Cuba as a member, another indication The Democrats have been frequently where so many of the foremost men in our that Latin American countries are not credited in the press with at least tight early history studied, and in Williamsburg, willing to follow the United States ening-up on the proxy procedure. But where the heroic Virginians of the revolu blindly. tionary era. made some of the epochal de the fact is that the new rule permits a cisions in our annals, it is peculiarly appro In addition, the United States, whose Member to vote by proxy if he "is absent priate that we denounce these untruths and shortage of sugar alone makes trade on official business or is otherwise unable half-truths for what they are. with Cuba worthwhile, is beginning to to be present." Rule XI, clause 2(f). This The shades of Washington, Jefferson, Mar ·find its policy divorced from the inter- "tight" new rule protects the golfer as shall, Wythe, Patrick Henry, George Ma.son, ests of its businesses. Recently, American well as the Member attending another Peyton Randolph, Richard Henry Lee and a automobile companies, recognizing that committee meeting. Let us face it: proxy host of others who made this nation, look Cuba is a market for mod~rn equipment, voting is nothing more than a coverup down upon us here, as we celebrate Charter Day at this fine old institution of higher have set up subsidiaries in at least one for truancy and dereliction of duty. The learning, and a.s we move into the bicenten country-Argentinar-for the production American people will not stand for this nial. Let us remembe·r their great and gal and sale of tractors; other firms are democratic game of legislative hooky be lant services, and let us keep faith with them seeking similar exemptions for licenses ing played by a bunch of absentminded in gratitude for their lasting contributions elsewhere; the Litton Co. for instance professors. to the founding of the republic. wishes to sell $500,000 worth of furniture Finally, Mr. Speaker, I was amazed to to Cuba from Canada. read that the chairman of the formerly Because so many Latin American reform-minded democratic study group countries have normalized their relations has proposed thait the democratic caucus U.S. POLICY TOWARD CUBA with Cuba, or at least carry on trade, pack the ethics committee with Demo ANACHRONISTIC prolonging the U.S. embargo will have crats in order to restore proxy voting. serious implications for our status in the This proposal is one of the most cynical HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON Organization of American States. If and perverse ploys I have ever heard. It Congress is serious about a "new dialog" makes a complete mockery of the conc·ept OF MASSACHUSETTS with Latin America and about detente, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of an ethics committee. But such high concrete action must replace rhetoric. It handed power plays are to be expected Monday, February 10, 1975 is in this spirit that my proposals are under the King Caucus system erected by Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, last offered. the Democrats. In the alternative, the week I introduced legislation designed same DSG chairman has proposed that to improve our relations with Cuba by OF PROXIES AND PARTISANSHIP the caucus strip the ethics committee of amending or repealing laws long over- its legislative jurisdiction. One wonders taken by events. · whether this suggestion has been made to The first of my proposals is a joint resolution of the House to repeal the HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON penalize the committee for eliminating proxy voting, or to block bipartisan ac Cuba Resolution. Passed as Public Law OF ILLINOIS 87-733 on October 3, 1962, the original IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion on such necessary legislation as per sonal financial disclosure and regulation resolution was little more than a policy Monday, February 10, 1975 statement expressing hostiUty toward the of lobbying. It would not surprise me if Cuban Government. As such, its repeal Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois. Mr. Speak the caucus voted to shift this jurisdiction would be a convenient means of demon er, I was astounded and confounded to to the House Administration Committee strating an interest in reconsidering our read in last Friday's Washington Post as it did jurisdiction for congressional relations with that country. that House Democrats are charging Re salaries last January. This W'Ould be btU; My second proposal is a bill to end the publicans with partisanship in their suc one more nail in the reform coffin, cour economic sanctions the United States has cessful move to ban proxy voting on the tesy of King Caucus. 2908 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 10, 1975 Mr. Speaker, I would suggest that the THE PRESIDENT'S ENERGY AND are paying 2.62¢ per kilowatt-hour-again an cleanest way to resolve this whole dis ECONOMIC PROGRAM increase of over 75 % . Our projections for next year assume that we will continue to be pute over proxy voting would be for the compelled by the Baltimore Gas and Electric Rules Committee to take immediate ac Company to use oil rather than natural gas tion on my House Resolution 113 which HON. LESTER L. WOLFF throughout most of the winter; that there would abolish proxy voting in all com OF NEW YORK will be some further increase in oil and elec mittees and to permit the full House a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tricity rates; and that there will be a very separate vote on the issue. Let us indeed Monday, February 10, 1975 substantial increase in natural gas rates. see by this test vote whether this Con Despite a reduction of nearly 20% in the gress is more or less reform-oriented Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, Now that total consumption of oil, natural gas and than the last Congress. the House has passed H.R. 1767 and electricity on the Homewood campus, we are, hopefully, the Senate will join our ef therefore, looking at the grim prospect of a The Post article follows: tripling of utility costs over four years HILL PANEL BARS VOTE BY PROXY forts, we can fully analyze the Presi dent's complex energy and economic from $667 ,685 in 1972-73 to over $1.8 million (By Richard L. Lyons) in 1975-76. program and evaluate the implications This is already a desperate situation. Fur House Republicans won their first partisan of any comprehensive program. One issue fight of the year yesterday-in the suppos ther reductions in energy use are possible edly nonpartisan Ethics Committee. which I think deserves consideration is only at the price of significant sacrifices in the impact the President's program will the quality of our academic programs. I The committee to police official conduct trust that it is obvious that we are in no of House members was created in 1967 after have on all of the organizations and in stitutions which now enjoy a tax exempt position to meet this explosion of utility the House had thrown out Rep. Adam Clay costs simply by matching increases in stu ton Powell (D-N.Y.) for misuse of public status. As these entities pay no taxes, dent tuition and fees. We obviously face funds. In recognition of its nonpartisan func they are not eligible for the rebate pro other unavoidable expenditure increases for tion, Ethics is the only House committee g~am as it is now set up. However, they wages and salaries, costs of paper and tele where both parties have equal membership. will not be exempt from the rises in the phone, social security contributions as a Democrats dominate all others in the same cost of energy supplies which are essen large employer, etc. If this savage problem 2-to-1 ratio by which they control the House. were now compounded by one or more ad The issue yesterday was proxy voting. Re tial to their operation. I think that some provision must be made to remedy this ditional rounds of increases in energy costs publicans have tried at organizational meet without relief, the impact on my institution ings of most House committees this year to unique squeeze in which the tax exempt would be literally destructive. outlaw this procedure, which allows absent institutions find themselves. I cite this one major campus of The Johns members to cast votes in some circumstances. At this Point, I include a letter which Hopkins University not as a case of special Proxy voting favors the majority party, de ~received from Mr. Steven Muller, pres pleading, but because it typifies the prob priving Republicans of winning conimittee ident, Johns Hopkins University which lem confronting every university, college, votes by catching Democrats with too many details this situation: hospital, museum, concert hall and church absentees. in the United States, perhaps most acutely The Republicans had lost every time until THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY January 28, '1975. in the northeastern part of the country. I yesterday. When the 12-member Ethics Com know that it is not the intent of the Presi mittee met to organize under its new chair HoN. LESTER L. WOLFF, House of Representatives, dent or the Congress to solve problems of man, Rep. John J. Flynt (D-Ga.), they de energy or the economy by destroying the tax feated a motion to permit limited proxy Washington, D.C. DEAR MR. WoLFF: As the Congress of the exempt cultural, religious and high educa voting. The vote was a party line tie, 6 to 6. tional institutions of America. I write to you Flynt said this was the first time to his United States moves toward new policy and legislation on the related problems of energy in the simple hope and faith that a ca.nd.td knowledge that a partisan vote had been and explicit statement of this special prob cast in the committee and expressed regret and the economy, please allow me to draw your attention to an extraordinary difficulty lem before new national solutions a.re worked "that a longstanding rule of the committee out in detail may help to avert an uninten was changed by a party line vote." that may face the entire tax exempt sector of American cultural, religious and higher tional turning of what is already a crisis into Rep. Thomas S. Foley (D-Wash.) warned a catastrophe. that the action might cause the caucus of all educational institutions. The unintended effect of proposals made by President Ford Sincerely, House Democrats to change the committee's STEVEN MULLER. membership giving Democrats control or re and others would be to single out these in moving its legislative jurisdiction, or both. stitutions with a burden that would be both The committee is empowered not only to unfair and possibly ruinous. sit in judgment on congressional conduct but President Ford has proposed a combina to propose legislation on lobbying and finan tion of increased taxes on crude oil imports TURKEY-YESTERDAY AND TODAY cial disclosure. and other measures that would increase con Foley and other Democrats tried for more sumer costs of energy, and tax relief for in than an hour yesterday to persuade Repub dividuals and business enterprises. Cultural, HON. JOHN T. MYERS licans that, of all committees, Ethics is the religious, and higher educational institutions OF INDIANA would as a consequence be confronted with one where proxy voting is most justified. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Republicans contend that proxy voting further increases in fuel and energy costs, but because of their tax exempt status these should "be abolished. It is not permitted on Monday, February 10, 1975 the House floor and committee chairmen institutions could not benefit from any measures of tax relief. These institutions also Mr. MYERS of Indiana. Mr. Speaker, a should not be permitted to prevail by cast respected friend of mine, R. D. McAllis ing a pocketful of proxies for absent mem face the insoluble problem of finding it bers, Republicans argue. largely impossible to pass on increased util ter of Arlington, Va., recently made some Time was when an absent member could ity costs to their clients and patrons. very interesting observations on the his authorize a colleague to vote his proxy on Because of this last condition, all of the tory of events in the conflict over Cyprus any issue at any time. Last year the House institutions across the country to which I which I want to share with all the Mem refer already face severe new budgetary dif adopted a ban on proxies, but when the new ficulties. Please let me offer one segment of bers of the House: Congress convened last month, Democrats my own institution as a typical example. TURKEY-YESTERDAY AND TODAY pushed through the House a change per On the Homewood campus in Baltimore of When one reads a.bout recent events on J:l1,i tting committe·es to adopt limited proxy The Johns Hopkins University our total ex Cyprus and the hesitation of the U.S. to rules. A member must sign a statement that penditures for oil, natural gas and electricity cut off aid to Turkey, even while thousands his vote may be cast on a specified date in during the academic and fiscal year 1972-73 of lives have been devastated, one realizes a specified manner. Most of the Democrat amounted to $667,885. In 1973-74 these ex that history does indeed repeat itself. Al dominated committees have adopted this penditures rose to $837,163. For the current though not a major power, Turkey st111 change. 1974-75 year we are projecting expenditures manages to capitalize and milk the maxi Foley noted that the Ethics Cammittee of $1,271,584. For 1975-76 our present pro mum advantage . from her strategic location includes chairmen of three other major com jection calls for expenditures of $1,818,180. just as she has done for several centuries, al mittees and senior Republicans on three In 1972-73 we were paying 10.3¢ per gallon ways doing as she pleases, regardless of world others. Rep. Edward Hutchinson (Mich.), for oil; currently we are paying 33¢ per opinion, for she knows she holds the ace in ranking Republican on the Judiciary Com gallon-an increase of over 300%. In 1972- the game of the nations. mittee, would have found it difficult to leave 73 we were paying 49.5¢ for 1,000 cubic feet During the 19th and early 20th Centuries the Nixon impeachment hearings last year of natural gas; currently we are paying it was England rather than the U.S. who to vote at f!.n Ethics Committee meeting, 80.4% per 1,000 cubic feet-an increase of overlooked Turkey's faults, and in both in· Foley argued. But the six Republicans were over 75%. In 1972-73 we were paying 1.47¢ stances, the main factor ln this anomalous not swayed. per kilowatt-hour of electricity; currently we behavior is Russia. In England's case, land- February 10, 197:5 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2909 locked Russia had repeatedly tried to gain In the meanwhile all the participants tory books and is remembered only by a few control of the Turkish straits, but England were anxiously eyeing Turkey. With Germany over 65 years of age, who as children were couldn't permit this, since Turkey lay on the faicing France on the west and Russia on the aidmonished when they didn't finish their route to England's Indian empire. It took east, Turkey's position was crucial to Ger food, "Remember the starving Armenians." World War I to make England finally realize many. For the ames, too, Turkey's location The present generation knows so little she had "backed the wrong horse," for when was of extreme importance. Lord Kitchener, about it that one college-educated young she turned to Turkey for help, England found head of the British War Office, instructed woman was recently heard to remark that her many years of friendship and backing Sir Louis Mallet, British Ambassador at Con she had a friend whose Armenian parents had all been for naught. Now apparently stantinople, to keep Turkey neutra.I at all were chased out of Germany by Hitler. That the U.S. considers Turkey essential to the costs, or at least until he could get Britain's ls why Hitler felt confident when he under containment of Russia and stands silent Indian army through the Suez. Sir Louis' took his Jewish pogroms, telling his com while Turkish crowds hail their hero Ecevit second objective was to insure that, if all manders in 1939, "Who, after all, speaks to by strewing his path with flowers. Turkey efforts failed to avoid a state of war between day of the annl:t.ilation of the Armenians?" has been the beneficiary of all this concern England and Turkey, it should be clearly by Just as Hitler later carried out his genocide for her welfare "not because of their beau the unprovoked aggression of Moslem Turkey, under cover of World War II, when no one tiful black eyes" as someone said once, but for Great Britain did not want to offend her could stop him, so the Turks in April 1915 because of her location. Moslem Indian subjects. With these factors decided with the straits impregnable the The Turks first appeared in the West dur in mind, Sir Louis in!ormed the Turks that propitious moment had arrived to complete ing the 11th Century. Valiant fighters, they England, France, and Russia would guaran what the Sultan had left incomplete in 1896 swept out of the plains of central Asia and tee Turkey's independence and integrity and to get rid of the Armenian subjects conquering as they went, gradually took over against any attack if Turkey would remain of Turkey once and for all. They activated and established the Ottoman Empire in Asia neutral. England's main hope was that hav their previously made plans. Minor, Egypt, Arabia, North Africa, the Bal ing helped Turkey all those years, Turkey Henry Morgenthau, who was on the spot kan penninsula, and even some parts of would now reciprocate. When the final de as the American Ambassador and who re southern Russia. By 1453 the Turks had taken cision was made, Turkey went with Ger peatedly tried to convince the Turks of the Constantinople, marking the end of the Byz many. Having foreseen Turkey's importance, monstrosity of such action, has written: antine Empire. Successful ait conquest, they Germany had, through the friendship of "The great massacres and persecutions of were unsuccessful in ruling over those con Enver, who by now was Minister of War and the past seem almost insignificant when quered, with the result they gradually lost an ardent Prussophile, installed German compared to the suffering of the Armenian much territory. The Greeks won their inde officers to train the Turkish Army. Another race in 1915." Talaat once requested Mor pendence early in the 19th Centry. So in decisive factor turned out to be two pairs genthau to collect the proceeds of the in spired was Lord Byron, the English poet, qy of ships. surance written with American companies the Greek fight for freedom that he went to A short time before the great war, Turkey on th~ lives of Armenians now dead. "The Greece to help not only personally but finan and Greece w&e having serious problems government of Turkey is now the bene cially. He died there at Missolonghi in 1824 over the islands of Chios and Mitylene, and ficiary," Talaat told the American Ambassa and is still revered as a Greek hero. By the the Turks deported thousands of Greeks from dor. This same Talaat fied to Berlin when end of the 19th Century more territory was their homes. It is said if the war had not Germany lost and was tracked down and lost: Algeria to F:r>ance in 1830 and Tunisia eome, there would have been a Greco-Turk assassinated by an Armenian youth in 1921. in 1881; Great Britain got Cyprus in 1878 and war in 1914. Turkey had purchaised two ships The youth was tried and acquitted by Ger occupied Egypt in 1882; in 1908 Austria an from England to bolster her navy in case of man courts. In 1943, again under cover of a nexed Bosnia and the BulgaTLans won their war with Greece. Just as they were aibout to war, the Turks brought Talaat's body back freedom; in 1911 Italy took Libya; and finally be delivered to the Turks, England found to Turkey, and extolling him as a true with the Balkan Wars Turkey lost most of herself involved in the war and decided to patriot, buried him with full honors. what was left of her European possessions. hold the two ships for her own navy, noti Thus, in view of their past actions and During the last half of the 19th Century, fying Turkey of her decision on August 3rd. when one considers the end results of Eng even when all Europe had dubbed Turkey The appropriation of the two ships could land's friendship, one cannot but speculate "The Sick Man of Europe" and the Sultan of not have taken place at a worse time as far on the necessity for our current stance to Turkey, Sultan Abdul Hamid; was called "The as the British cause was concerned, for the ward Turkey. In light of modern technolog Great As:iassin," England still backed Turkey Germans were making every effort to keep ical advances, are we continuing to b.ase every time Russia made any move against the Turks on their side. Anti-British feeling our security needs on outmoded concepts? her, even fighting the Crimean War. Toward ran hi~h in Turkey, so that when on August At the turn of the century, in a world with the end of the century another great power 10th the two German Cruisers, the Goeben out planes and missiles, it is easy to under entered the circle of those seeking Turkey's and Breslau, entered the Dardanelles, the stand how imperative it was for England to favors. Germany, turning eyes eastward, Turks welcomed them warmly. Although at protect her trade routes. With our arsenal adopted the policy "Der Drang nach Osten" the time Turkey was still neutral, and under of intercontinental missiles, is Turkey still We Push Eastward. In 1898, even while the international laws could not allow the Ger that important to the United States? Are we, world was still aghast at the 1896 mass.acres man ships to remain theTe more than 24 too, "backing the wrong horse" as Englan, the British decided to 2 1 another: the assassination of the Arch withdraw their navy on March 18, 1915. His not even months after decisive legisla duke; the demands on Serbia by Austria; torians would later find that the fl.ee·t had tion on the part of Congress, to put up the backing of Austria by her ally Germany; been on the brink of victory had it nersilst.ed another $222 million of the American the backing of Serbia by her ally Russia; another dav or two. This failure to keen the people's money for the war efforts of Mr. the pact between France and Russia; the strait5 open not only resulted in preventing Lon Nol of Cambodia-a leader who has efforts of France and Russia to get England the Allies from supplying the Russian army thus far been unable to fight his way out to commit herself; English reluctance until and contributed indirectly to the Bolshevik of a paper bag. Belgium was invaded; the invasion of Bel revolution, but also set the scene for the first gium as Germany struck through to win a genocide of the 20th Centurv, one that has In addition, the administration is ask fast victory; and then they were finally all never been admitted to bv Turkey; a geno ing for us to lift the ceiling on the at it. cide that has been overlooked by most hts- amount of food for peace they can 2910 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 10, 1975 send over there-a program that some dent Nixon on April 30, 1970. Mr. Nixon said DR. JOHN L. S. HOLLOMAN his purpose was not to "expand the war into of us call food for war since the profits 1 Cambodia ' but to hit North Vietnamese from that food have been used by Lon sanctuaries. If he had not acted, he said, HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL NO! and by Thieu to buy weapons or run "the credibility of the United States would OF NEW YORK their prisons. be destroyed," and we would seem "like a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Any possible claims that U.S. aid of any pitiful helpless giant." kind is being used for economic develop On June 3, 1970, Mr. Nixon pronounced the Monday, February 10, 1975 ment in Cambodia, of course, would have incursion "the most successful operation of Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, the Feb to be false. A country completely in this long and difficult war." He gave assur ruary issue of Black Enterprise carries an volved in war, and especially in a regime ance that the U.S. was not undertaking a long-term military role in Cambodia. After excellent article on Dr. John L. S. Hollo besieged by political and•military oppo July 1, he said, the only American m111tary man, president of the New York City sition, has no time for proper develop activity in Cambodia. would be "air missions" Health and Hospitals Corp. "Mike" Hol ment. 'Ille claim that the United States against the Vietnamese Communists' move loman is a resident of my congressional will lose its credibility by withdrawing ment of men and supplies--and then only district and has long been active in Har support from Lon Nol is equally absurd. when necessary to protect "the lives and lem community affairs. His appointment We have already lost our credibility by security of our forces in South Vietnam." last year by Mayor Abraham Beame having dropped more than 250,000 tons On June 30 Mr. Nixon repeated that as surance. He added that there would be "no makes him the top hospital administra of bombs on Cambodia in order to "in U.S. advisers with Cambodian units." And, tor in the United Sta.tes, in charge of 19 sure its neutrality." finally, he said the U.S. would give military hospitals providing a full range of health Actually, I do not want to use the word aid to Cambodia "in the form of small arms services in New York. "we" when we talk about U.S. policy in and relatively unsophisticated equipment." At this point, I am introducing the ar Indochina; because the promises made In a television interview the next day, ticle on Dr. Holloman in the RECORD: to corrupt dictators like Thieu and Nol July 1, 1970, Mr. Nixon spoke of what the THE HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATOR incursion had done for Cambodia. "Cam were not made by the American people; (By Jacob Wortham) the "secret" bombing of Cambodia was a bodia's chances of surviving as a neutral country are infinitely better," he said, "than In many ways, John Lawrence Sullivan secret not to Cambodians or Chinese or they were on April 30." Holloman, Jr., is quite extraordinary. A 55- Russians, but to the American people; 2. THE ACTIONS year-old black physician who has spent and the billions of dollars described by most of his professional life ( 30 years) the administration as investment in In American miUtary activity in Cambodia treating residents of New York City's Harlem, after July 1, 1970, was not limited to air mis Holloman is well past the age of the typical dochina, most of my constituents regard sions against Vietnamese forces, or limited to as a waste. And the loss of 5.5,000 GI's, "new black achiever" of the seventies. Per the purpose of protecting U.S. troops in haps that is why many people were somewhat Mr. Speaker, drew the most distinct line South Vietnam. There was a massive inter surprised seven months ago, when the soft of all between "we," the American peo vention from the air in the Cambodian civii spoken, but formidable, champion of better ple, and "they," the policymakers who war-bombing that continued after all Amer heal th care for the poor was elected to the make deals with Indochinese dictators. ican forces left Vietnam in 1973, until Con nation's number one non-federal public gress stopped it. health services post. I would like at this point to introduce Aid was not limited to "small arms and into the RECORD the February 6, 1975, As president of the New York City Health relatively unsophisticated equipment," nor and Hospitals Corporation, Holloman over New York Times editorial by Anthony were military advisers kept out. Congress Lewis, entitled "A Successful Opera sees the operations of 19 municipal hospitals eventually legislated a ban on advisers, but with a combined capacity of 15,000 beds and tion," which points out the discrepancies current reports from Cambodia make plain a combined budget totaling almost $1 billion between word and action in the adminis that American diplomats and others still a year. tration's Cambodian war which is now play a critical role in advising, if not direct To select a president, the corporation's several years old: ing, Lon Nol's tactics. board of directors spent nine months review The United States has spent nearly $7 bil [From the New York Times, Feb. 6, 1975) lrig the credentials of more than 160 candi lion thus far on bombs in and aid to Cam dates before responding to the concerns of a A SUCCESSFUL OPERATION bodia: More than 25-0,000 tons of bombs were bipartisan coalition of black politicians that (By Anthony Lewis) dropped on Cambodia, and at the known a black be seriously considered for the $65,- BOSTON, February 5.-Last December, just rates for the Indochina air war that would 000-a-year job. before it recessed, Congress put a ceiling of have cost roughly $5 billion. And a.id to Lon Predictably, after Holloman's selection, the $275 million on military aid for Cambodia Nol has totaled $1.85 billion to date. board's action was applauded in the black community and denounced by some of the in the current fiscal year. The act used 3. THE llESULTS unusually firm language, prohibiting spend city's top white politicians, physicians and ing beyond the ceiling for "any operation, The civil war has raged on for five more newspapers. In a scathing edttorial, The New project or ·program of any kind, or for provid years, with human results that are heart York Times called Holloman a poor choice, a ing any goods, supplies, materials, equip rending even by the standards of war in man "more distinguished for his adroitness ment, services, personnel or advisers ...." Indochina. in personal and intergroup relations than for Six weeks later, the Administration is back Some 700,000 Cambodians have been killed his skill or experience in hospital administra asking for more: an additional $222 million or wounded. That is 10 percent of the popula tion." It could be argued that personal in military aid for Cambodia, almost as tion: the equivalent in the United States of warmth and expertise in human relations much as the a.mount just fixed by Congress 20 million casual ties. According to estimates are invaluable assets for the head of a hos for the whole year. And although the figure by the Senate Refugee subcommittee, 3,389,- pital system where a majority of the patients is not yet generally known, the Administra are poor blacks or Puerto Ricans. Moreover, 000 Cambodians have been made homeless it was never expected that anyone could tions wants another $425 million in military by the war. That is nearly half the pop aid for the next fiscal year, starting July 1. handle the job single-handedly. Holloman, ulation. like his predecessor, Joseph English, is sur Philip Habib, Assistant Secretary of State As for the Lon Nol regime, its chances of for East Asian and Pacific Affairs, told a rounded by expert managers and technicians House Appropriations subcommittee the survival have never been worse than they are at the vice presidential level. "What is im other day that the added money was essen now, after five years of American assistance. portant," says one Holloman supporter, "ls tial-to save the Lon Nol regime in Cam It is a Government without political will, cor that the man at the top be able to identify bodia, and with it American credibility. The rupted almost to the point of disintegration, with the corporation's chief constituency." world is watching to see what we do in Cam hanging on in Phnom Penh and a few other But "Mike" Holloman, as he is known to bodia, he said. towns only because of American subvention. his close friends, sees himself as more than Mr. Habib is a skillful and exuerienced Can anyone who looks at the record believe a peacemaker to the corporation's often dis diolomat, and he made a good witness. But that American intervention has helped the enchanted community advisory boards. his case for more aid-the argument of mili people of Cambodia? Would more interven Seated at the head of a long conference tary need and U.S. credibtlity-can be con table, in his downtown office, Holloman is tion be likely to bring them peace, or Asia poised and, at times, philosophical as he an vincing only if one is oblivious to v-ery recent political stability? Yet those are the argu history. It is crucia.l to look at the record: swers his critics. His major challenge, he ments that Congress is being asked to accept, says, "is to help the citizens of New York the record of American words and action, just a month or two after setting a limit and the results in Cambodia. recognize that quality health care is a right. to the tragedy of American intervention in We must work to eliminate a dual health 1. THE WORDS Cambodia. care system, which somehow deeinS the poor Overt U.S. involvement in Cambodia began The operation was "most successful," but to be less worthy of good care than those with the "incursion" announced by Prest- the patient is dying. who are able to pay." February 10, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2911 Even Holloman's most obstinate detrac non-profit hospitals were receiving more than man who has lived perhaps three quarters of tors would find it difficult to question his $200 per day. "From this source alone," says his life want to take on a system that some sincerity on such issues. Ever since he grad Holloman, "the municipal hospitals were be people insist can never run smoothly because uated from the University' of Michigan Medi ing short-changed by about $45 million per of its size? "Because I sincerely believe the cal School in 1943, the stocky, bearded phy year. I immediately directed my staff to ap system can work for the good of all New sician has been at the forefront of the strug peal the reimbursement rates and the result Yorkers," Holloman says. "If I didn't really gle against racial and economic discrimina has been an increase to slightly more than believe that I wouldn't be here." tion in medicine. $200 a day." Holloman is reminded that, in the past he For several years, he led pickets outside A great deal of Holloman's time is also has been a critic of many of the corporation's the annual convention sites of the American spent in consultation with the hospitals' programs, especially one that affiliates each Medica.1 .Association, until the often con community advisory boards. "I have always municipal hospital with a non-public hospi servative AMA took a stand against discrimi been an advocate of patient rights," says tal or school. nation and segregation in health facilities Holloman. "These boards are made up of peo He has no plans to scrap the program but and in medical societies. ple who are our consumers of services and we intends to make sure the municipal hospitals "You must remember," he says, "at one have found that by listening to them, it be are not short changed. time our hospitals were more segregated than comes easier to find ways to make the system "There are still quite a few problems," he our churches." work more smoothly. explains, "but they are solvable. We pay the Holloman was also one of the founders of "One of my goals is to move the hospitals voluntary hospitals for certain services and the Medical Committee for Civil Rights, closer to the people who are being served," we are now demanding that they be rendered which provided medical assistance during says Holloman. To achieve that, he recently promptly and efficiently." many of the freedom marches throughout acquired the unanimous approval of the cor Holloman is a strong advocate of a proposal the south during the 1960s. In fact, he met poration's board to relocate the Queens Hos to establish a public medical school in New his second wife, the former Patricia Ann pital Center from a white middle-income York City. Such a school would be related to Tatze, a nurse, during the march to Selma, area to a site closer to the hospital's black the municipal hospital system. The school Alabama, in 1965. constituency. would emphasize human dignity and stu Mrs. Holloman, who is 40-years-old, co The community board applauded Hollo dents would be taught that poor people and ordinated an education program for the Pub man's victory, with one member saying "at minority peoples are not just guinea pigs. lic Health Association before giving up her last we seem to have someone downtown "Our prime raison d'Etre would be patient career to take care of their children, Laura who is willing to stick his neck out for the care," he says. Ann, 3, and Ellen Victoria, 10 months. poor." Holloman has been chief executive of the Home for the Hollomans is a spacious If the corporation's relations with the local world's l•argest municipal hospital system apartment in a Harlem co-operative. But the boards have improved since Holloman took for less than a year. It is too early to tell head of the family rarely gets a chance to office, it may be due, in part, to his low-key whether he'll be able to make the system spend much time there. Since he took over profile, and to some extent, his color. The work for everybody. But so far, he seems to the presidency of the corporation, he has boards' members are mostly blacks and Puerto be making it work for those who most need been on the job 14- to 16-hours-a-day, seven Ricans and they, no doubt. find it easier to it: the disadvantaged. days-a-week. And he must be available communicate with a man who has been con around the clock, in case a crisis situation stantly linked to the ghetto. arises at one of the 19-member hospitals. Of course, while Holloman may speak their It's a grueling schedule and Holloman language, he was never child of the streets. must budget his time wisely. He is usually His father, whose name he bears, was a schol A MOCKERY OF PEACE the first person to arrive at his office (by eight arly minister, who pastored Second Baptist WITH HONOR o'clock most mornings) and immediately Church, in the nation's capital, for almost 55 settles down to attack the perpetual flow of years. "My father was a particularly fine per paper work that will inevitably escalate as son," he says. "I am very fortunate to have HON. PHILIP M. CRANE the day progresses. been brought up by him." John, Sr. and his OF ILLINOIS By the time his secretary arrives. Holloman wife, Rose, had five children-four girls and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is ready to iron out any kinks in his itinerary, one boy. He attended Washington's segregated which she gives him the night before. At least public schools and then graduated from Vir Monday, February 10, 1975 three mornings a week, he calls his executive ginia Union University in Richmond, with Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, even though staff into session for discussions on matters, honors in chemistry. the war in Vietnam is no longer the front ranging from budget to personnel. And, on He came to Harlem Hospital as an intern any given day, there ls usually a luncheon to in 1943, following his graduation from the page or on TV every day, the war has not attend or a conference with board members, University of Michigan. A year later, he joined ended. Hanoi has been ceaselessly prob in addition to a speaking engagement or a the Army Air Corps and served under Ben ing the strength of South Vietnamese meeting with politicians. jamin O. Davis in an all-black bomber group positions with the continued material Although the latter ls absolutely essential that called itself the "Spookwaffe." support of Moscow and Peking. Yet, the to anyone in his position, it has created prob . When the war was over, Holloman returned United States neglec~ to fulfill its lems for Holloman, whom some critics have to New York and did postgraduate medical pledged responsibilities to the South charged lacks independence because of his training in internal medicine at Cornell Uni Vietnamese by training their troops and "close ties" with the politicians. He, in turn, versity and Bellevue Hospital. He then set up emphatically replies, "I am my own man. My a private practice in Harlem and proceeded by providing necessary material to their only commitment is to the citizens of New to build a solid reputation as a highly re army which has proven itself most capa York." spected urban doctor. ble in the past when it had been suffi That is undoubtedly so, but the problem He is a former president of the National ciently supplied. arise::; because the quasi-independent cor Medical Association and was an assistant vice Prof. John P. Roche-a ft>rmer Chair poration was created by the state legislature, president of the Health Insurance Plan of man of Americans for Democratic Ac· in 1970, which gave the mayor and city coun Greater New York at the time of his election tion-in a column entitled, "A Mockery cil virtual control over the selection of board to the hospitals corporation presidency. He members. has also been the medical director of two of 'Peace with Honor,'" published Jan Additionally, more than 46,000 employes diagnostic laboratories. uary 3, 1975, in the Philadelphia Bul are required to run the corporation's 19 hos Holloman's credentials are indeed impres letin, reminds us of our promises to pro pitals and numerous health centers. They sive. Why then do so many people keep vide the people of South Vietnam with treat more than two million patients yearly insisting that he lacks the administrative the means to protect themselves from and the funds must be appropriated by New ability to handle his job efficiently? He an unrelenting aggression. York's City Council. So, while Holloman as doesn't have the answe.rs, but some of his I commend this article to the attention serts his independence, he ls compelled to supporters will tell you that much of the of our colleagues: recognize that good relations with the politi criticism stems f.rom outright racism. As one cal sector "are a mu.st" if the corporation is black politician put it: "It's difficult for some PLIGHT OF SOUTH VIETNAM-A MOCKERY OF to be able to deliver quality health care serv folks to conceive of a black man being the "PEACE WITH HONOR" ices. Consequently, it is a thin line and a city's highest paid public official. They feel he (By John P. Roche) tight rope that he walks. Fortunately, he is has arrived a bit too far, too soon." WALTHAM, MASS.-! hoped it would never well-qualified for itr Holloman doesn't discount the racism fac be necessary to write again of Vietnam, and Still some observers wonder if Holloman tor, but he says he's much too busy to give it I suspect that most Americans have con will be able to pull the corporation out of a serious thought. "I accepted this job because sciously or unconsciously blocked the war financial crisis that often appears unwieldly. I believe in providing good service to people," from memory. But those of us who still When he took over the presidency, the Medi he says. "That comes from my dad. He always cherish that old-fashioned notion of AmeJ.•• caid reimbursement rate (which provides 68 knew there was a lot to be done and never ican honor must focus attention on events percent of the patient revenues) was slightly shirked his responsibility." in Vietnam. more than $120 per day while the private An admirable philosophy. But why does a Congressional parsimony in military as- 2912 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE February 11, 1975

sistance to the still beleaguered Saigon gov any American GI. Admittedly, Americans MARGERY W. ROBINSON ernment could make a grim jest out of "Viet are notorious for their lousy fire discipline The occasion of the Retirement of Margery namization " and a mockery of "peace with never use one bullet when there are five left W. Robinson as Head Counselor of the Guid honor." While Moscow and Peking h ave con in the clip-but last year, before the latest ance Department at John Adams High School tinued t o load Hanoi's arsenal with sophist i budget cuts, an ARVN m aneuver battalion marks the close of forty-two years of service cat ed weaponry, and an est imated 200,000 was operat ing with 20 percent of the logisti in the field of Social Work, Education and North Vietnamese are camping in South cal support provided for an equivalent Amer Guidance. Vietn am, the United States has virtually ican unit. In other words, Congress' latest At the beginning of the thirties, Margery turned off the tap. paring will take this figure below 20. ARVN, Robinson became a visitor With Associated The underlying premise of Vietnamization in desperation, may have to issue Montag Charities and County Relief. She held this was that the United States would fulfill its nard crossbows. position until 1936 when she was appointed responsibilities to the Vietnamese by train The consequence of this policy is easy to Case Worker of Cuyahoga County Ch1ld Wel ing their troops and providing the necessary predict. The Government of the United fare Board. other areas of employment in the hardware. The rationale for withdrawing our States will betray and destroy an ally almost social field include: Probation Officer of forces was that they were no longer neces invisibly, inch by inch. And the worst of it Cuyahoga County Juvenile Court; Group sary. But implicit in this arrangement was is that the technique will be self-justifying: Leader· of Adolescent boys and girls (even the understanding that we would continue ARVN is doing badly so let's stop supporting ~ngs); Community Organization on Kins to supply adequate military assistance. Since that bunch of losers. So ARVN will do worse. man (East Wth Street Area); Homefinding Vietnam went off the map as far as the aver Congressional critics of ARVN should take a Caseworker and Casework Supervisor of the age newspaper reader or TV viewer was con hard look at the number of South Vietnam Cuyahoga County Child Welfare Board; cerned, many people assume the war has ese killed in action as a proportion of that Group Leader for girls; Woodland Center died down. Actually the war has never ended. nation's population. (The last time I figured Neighborhood House; Homefinding Case Hanoi has been ceaselessly probing in it, the equivalent figure for the United States worker (Part-time) Children's Services and strength, now in the North, now in the Delta, would be roughly two million dead.) These Pediatric Social Worker, Mount Sinai now in the An Loe region. brave men and their American comrades Hospital. Nobody in Saigon or. Washington knows died to prevent a totalitarian conquest; they Entering the fiela of Education in the what the overall strategy is. One theory, long may well have died in vain if the Congress Cleveland Public Schools, Margery gave in cherished, has General Giap's troops cutting covertly makes it impossible to defend the valuable assistance to the home and school through South Vietnam to the coast at Hue. autonomy of the Republic of Vietnam. Visitor Programs at Addison Jr. High School, This explains why there has been so much served as Guidance Counselor at Addison effort expended in the Central Highlands in John Hay and John Adams Senior High the neighborhood of Kontum. Schools. Then there are others who say that Hanoi MARGERY W. ROBINSON She has worked with the Scouting Pro plans to open a "tank corridor" in the flat grams, served as Superintendent of Sunday lands between An Loe and Saigon. Recon Schools, Sunday School Teacher at St. James n aissance indicates that the Ho Chi Minh A. M. E. Church. trail is now paved, paralleled by an oil pipe HON. LOUIS STOKES She and her family are members of Antioch line, and as busy as the Jersey Turnpike on a OF OHIO Baptist Church. She Wfl.S past president of hot Summer weekend. Much of the stuff com IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Antioch's Board of Christian Education. She ing down are tracked vehicles-tanks (big is a member of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority T-62s as well as T-54s), armored personnel Monday, February 10, 1975 a~so :ma.ny other civic and community orga~ carriers and flak wagons. Communist ware Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, after 42 ruzations too numerous to name. houses seem inexhaustible. years of unselfish dedication to the wel Mrs. Robinson is a graduate of Central The record of the Army of the Republic High School, received an A.B. Degree from of Vietnam (ARVN) has been excellent. De fare of the Cleveland community, West Virginia State University Institute spite an almost universal bad press, ARVN Margery W. Robinson has retired from West Virginia; holds a MSSA Degree fron;, has fought hard and well. (One reason ARVN her post as head counselor of the John Western Reserve School of Applied Sciences has been consistently badmouthed is that it Adams High School Guidance Depart and a Post Master's Certification Progra~ let down all the prophets of its imminent ment. She was recently honored for her in guidance and counseling from John Car collapse. They have a vested interest in its many years of service at an apprecia roll University. failure-a fact that may have motivated tion dinner sponsored by the faculty and Margery W. Robinson is the wife of the some members of Congress to swing the staff of John Adams High School. late Attorney Armond L. Robinson. Her budgetary ax. If ARVN won't commit suicide, Family includes A. Stanford Robinson an this logic runs, let's shoot it down and regain Margery W. Robinson is one of the ordained minister, presently working ~n a our prophetic status.) most outstanding women in our com Ph.D. in Historical Studies in Religion at But it is dying of the logistical starvation. munity, and has made a lasting contri Graduate Theological Seminary, Berkeley. The Communists, with unlimited resources bution over the years as an educator, a California; a daughter, Marita E. Robinson and splended lines of communication all the social worker, and a guidance counselor. Brown, certified counselor and teacher, pres way from North Vietnam to Cambodia, can I know my colleagues will join me in ently working pa.rt-time at Cuyahoga com take the offensive at the time and place of commending Mrs. Robinson for her life munity College; a son-in-law, Thomas G . their choosing. ARVN has to react. When the Brown, a teacher at John Adams High School probe toward Hue began, for example, the long service to the community. I submit for the interest of my col and two grandchildren, Myana. Kim and strategic reserve was rushing north. At which Jefferson Jabari Brown. point the Communists moved into the Delta leagues a biography of this remarkable Throughout her years of senice, Mrs. to grab the ri~e crop. woman as printed in the program from As it now stands, ARVN has to ration shells the January 17, 1975, banquet held in Robinson has demonstrated her deep and and ammunition in a way inconceivable to abiding loyalty to her constituents and her honor: planned sound ways for meeting the:lr needs.

SENATE-Tuesday, February 11, 1975 The Senate met at 12 o'clock meridian our hearts and reign supreme in our and was called to order by Hon. WENDELL APPOINTMENT OF ACTING PRESI lives. Show us that every wound has a DENT PRO TEMPORE H. FORD, a Senator from the State of blessing and every scar a remembered Kentucky. grace-that even though we walk in the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk valley, Thou art with us. Be with us in will please read a communication to the PRAYER moments of hard thinking and painful Senate from the President pro tempore (Mr. EASTLAND). The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward decisionmaking, as well as in times of L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following triumphant joy. Make us ill content with The legislative clerk read the following prayer: anything less than that which serves our letter: fell ow man and advances Thy kingdom. U .S. SENATE, Create in us a clean heart, O God, and May justice and truth be the fruit of PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, renew a right spirit within us that we our labors. Washington, D.O., February 11, 1975. To the Senate: may walk worthy of those who put their We pray in the Redeemer's name. Being tempore,rily absent from the Senat& trust in us. Fill Thy rightful place in Amen. on official duties, I appoint Hon. WENDELL H.