Hardly Preventing Terror

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• >>> 11 > 11111111111111111111111 • 11111 ijj 1111111111 i 11111111 a j 11 111111111111 (i i'i 11111111111111 a P2 p4 p6 ^ Hardly preventing terror; T^NEnd of the union? In memory oimfamine dead: what the latest l&roe Otlice - ; Scottish challenge to the How Ireland'^ population was figures reveal anbut t ted Kingdom reduced to J

Founded 1939 No 572 Connolly Association: campaigning for a united and independent Ireland December 1991 Price40p : -J

ern Ireland regime's human He had "enormous reser- committee further ex- Kingdom authorities to try hands of the authorities for by Martin Morlarty rights record. vations with regard to the pressed "grave concern" to institutionalise the sys- seven days, with every- THE United Nations In Its wry first considera- policing and interrogation about the British tem now in effect, let alone thing apparently geared to Committee Against Torture tion of torture allegations systems in effect in North- government's reluctance to rationalise it." extracting a confession or last month entered its ageinst Britain, rapporteur ern Ireland," he told the video-tape Interrogations Other committee mem- statements involving third "enormous reservations" Peter Thomas Burns, from committee at the end of its and the denial to suspects bers echoed Mr Burns. parties, she said. concerning policing and Canada, said that Britain day-long deliberations in arrested under the Preven- French member Christine The landmark committee interrogation In the Six met virtually every obliga- Geneva. tion of Terrorism Act of ac- Chanet was "not con- hearlnga followed in the Counties. tion under the Convention "There are, in effect, two cess to a solicitor. vinced" of the application of wake of the publication in To the enormous interna- Against Torture and Other generations of police of- "These are rather basic the Convention Against Tor- October of the Helsinki tional embarrassment of the Cruel, Inhuman or Degrad- ficers in the Royal Ulster protections In every other ture In the Six Counties. It Watch report Human rights British government, the UN ing Treatment or Punish- Constabulary who have ex- branch of the civilised was possible to imagine In Northern Inland, based committee was less than en- ment, except in the Six perienced only the emer- world," Mr Burns said. "It is that anything could happen on the human rights thusiastic about the North- Counties. gency system," he said. extraordinary for the United to someone totally in the • Turn to page 3

by Martin Morlarty in the House of Com- mons, just not OYALIST articulated. But Paisley's paramilitaries deputy Peter Robinson have given was nearer the truth another turn of when he told a Belfast the screw to the press conference last crisis in the Six Counties. month: "Who will deny They have opened a sec- — with all the evidence tarian offensive in a bid available — that our to set the future political partner in the union has agenda. embraced a course that The threat to their can only lead to the fonner masters in Lon- destruction of the union don is manifestly clear: between Great Britain contemplate any and Northern Ireland?" weakening of the union, Robinson is overstat- and we will unleash a ing the case: but there can bloodbath against the be little doubt the nationalist community. majority of loyalists see The certainly recog- things his way. nise they no longer have And now the scale of the unqualified political the killings in the last support of the majority of dght weeks proves their the British establishment. bloodbath threats are no James Molyneaux told idle boast: two Catholic the UUP conference in taxi drivers have been October that support for murdered by the still- • Turn to back pane •MEN OF VIOLENCE: loyalist paramilitaries am trying to art Aw political agenda the union was extensive NEWS

ip EDITORIAL i, Thousands more lifted under PTA NEWS IN BRIEF •-I} charge in October. Nuclear warship visits Cork TERROR ACT ing how many people have tioned or made to fill out "Exclusion orders are to- The nuclear-armed I On whose been detained for up to an PTA embarkation cards at at Cobh on a fffv< tally contrary to Internation- last month to the horror of OF THE 117 people hour since 1986. Before ports of entry every year. It anti-nuclear campalgi and the city council, writes detained in Britain under this date the figures is not uncommon for this al law and the principles of natural justice," the cam- Jim Savage. the Prevention of Terrorism showed that on average questioning to be just long The ship Is equipped with long-range Tomahawk mis- paign says. "Since ex- authority? Act in the first nine months there were 50,000 such enough for an Individual to siles and short-range Harpoon weapons and carries the cluded people have no right of 1991, just as was charged detentions every year. miss a connection in their equivalent of 20 to 30 Hlroshimas In nuclear explosive to know why they have been with a criminal offence, However, recent research journey. "This could be* onboard. served with orders, hear the according to the latest shows this figure was considered harassment on USS Monterey officers countered an attempt by mem- evidence against them or Home Office figures. steadily rising, according to a very grand scale," the bers of Greenpeace, Earthwatch, CND and the Green have their case heard in In addition, 108 people the Repeal The PTA Cam- campaign says. Party to attach protest flags and banners to the ship by public, there is literally no were "examined" for over paign bulletin, and, if the Five people were served dlrectlnga hugs water cannon at their rubber dinghies. independent way of Judging HATEVER the result of the next elec- an hour during this period rate of increase had con- with new exclusion orders The citycouncll passod an emergency resolution call- the police's assessment of, tion, it seems certain that there will without being formally tinued, would now probably in the first half of 1991, not ing on the government to refuse entry to foreign war- their character." be a new Secretary of State for North- detained. All of them were be around 100,000 a year. including former extraditee, shlps unless they state unequivocally that they are not W Dessle Ellis, who was ex- • Repeal the PTA Cam- ern Ireland within the next six months. If released without charge. In addition to this there are carrying,fluelaar weapons. paign, PO Box 1340, Lon- The Tories win, Peter Brooke will be retired The government has not probably millions of people cluded after being ac- The real fear In Corkwas a fire on board, explained released the figures show- who are stopped, ques- quitted on la conspiracy don N22 4TA. hurt by his captain: few Northern secretaries Irish GMTa Carol Fox, The US navy nuclear transport survive the deaths of their own initiatives. If ship Inchon, which docked at Cobh In September and Labour wins, Kevin McNamara will be in- October 1989, caught fire a year later in port, she stalled in the Northern Ireland Office as the pointed out. first secretary of state since partition Haughey Labour dodges deals probe pledged to Irish reunification. THE Labour Party has refused to pubdely rule out a deal A new incumbent will undoubtedly want escapes with the Ulster Unionists In the event of a hung to make their mark on the Northern political parliament. scene. And the possibilities of a new initia- again In response to a letter from the Connolly Association, tive are further increased if Labour win. But asklngfor such an assurance, NeH KIrmock's office eeld last month: "We anticipate-that we will win an outright although the party has a serious Irish agen- DUBLIN majority at the next General Election and do not enter da, there remains a question mark over how into speculation about deals with other parties. We that agenda will begin to be rearranged by BY 55 votes to 22, Taoiseach leave that to the Liberate." the pressures of running the show. CJ Haughey defeated the If you live in a constituency with a Labour MP, or a fourth attempt of hisFiaraia f i marginal which Labour hae a good chance of winning, There are certainly signs that they're al- Fail enemies to overthrow i write to the parliamentary candidate and aek them if ready adjusting one or two definitions. him and replace him—this theywillgo through the lobby chambers with Unionists. Some pretty reliable sources are emphasis- time with his Minister for Explain to them that Labour cannot take Its Irish votes ing the party is committed to unity — but Finance, Albert Reynolds. for granted and how-badly the party damaged Its credibility the lasttimettwaeIn government. Raise the only as a long-term aim. They intimate a Speculation about" LETHAL FORCE three months later. "a Conspiracy of silence" ICPC prefers to play a less con- All the evidence points to which protected everyone in- troversial role than its English question In your trade union branch and get the Labour government might well be prepared I It's still costing too many lives Pic: DAVID GRANVILLE Haughey and his future is^ the most long-running^ IDESPREAD pressure official acquiescence in the volved.; counterpart," according to the secretary to write to the local candidates. to settle for a great deal less in the short story in Irish politics—andI for independent in- practice. Either the govern- Other notable cases in- Committee on the Administra- If you live in Scotland or Wales, write to the term, starting with joint authority. After all, at this stage about the most; Wquiries into the killings ment needs an "unofficial^ clude: tion of Justice newsletter Just nationalists. There are likely to be almost as many they argue, that's where the Brooke process boring. It mitters not a whit» of 19-year-old Kevin Mc- death penalty to deter the "telf 23 October 1971: Dorothy News. "While it responded to nationalists as Unionistsln the next parliament. Labour fRUC Chief Constable Hugh] was going — and talk in the corridors of to the 20 per cent of the' ; Govern, who walked into a rorist", or it is anxious that ire and Maura Meehan, may b» taking their voteefor granted at the moment but Big boost to ! j British Army IRA ambush prosecution in all but the most backseat passengers in a car, Annesley's request to super- wouldthey trust a Labour-Unionist administration to Leinster House during the talks suggests labour force who are un-; employed, to the 30 per- i operation in Cookstown, controversial cases would lead shot deadby the British Army vise the inquiry intathe killing Dublin might well have been happy if the cent of the population who' ! County Tyrone, at the end of to disquiet within the security in Belfast. No prosecutions. 'of 15-year-Old Seamus Duffy replies that you get and keep the Irish Democrat in- by a plastic bullet, it did npt ultimately unsuccessful initiative had put in are in poverty, or to the 40 September, and of 17-year-old forces and Unionist popula- • 24 October 1971: British sol- formed. insist on the investigation place a framework for the least favoured safety campaign per cent of eachage-genera- joyrider Gerald Maginn in tion in general. diers shot dead three youths i West Belfast at. the end of last The police and Army are attempting a robbery. No being conducted by a police solution of the New Ireland Forum. tion who emigrate from the force other than the RUC. country, whether Haughey' month, has thus far been protected by Section 3 (1) of the prosecutions. But exactly how "joint" an arrangement ITE SAFETY and that company directors in London handed out a | resisted by the RUC. Criminal Law (Northern • 30 January 1972: Bloody There were, of course, no m or one of his rivals is inj prosecutions." the British establishment is contemplating regularly commit offenses £50,000 fine to a company for charge of Fianna Fail or not.1 • And not for the first time, Ireland) Act 1967, under which Sunday. Fourteen unarmed is open to serious question. They are current- HE campaign to get death such " as manslaughter, causing the death of three For there is not a scintilla! j While over 300 civilians have "a person may use such force civilians shot dead by British But the British are not off the building sites was grievous bodily harm and bat- employees who were as- 1 1 ly campaigning to have Dublin rescind, of real policy difference beJ been killed by the police or as is reasonable in the cir- paratroopers. The inquiry by having it all their own way on Tboosted last month by an tery by causing injury to their phyxiated in a drain by tween any of them,v '! Army in the last 22 years, a cumstances in the prevention Lord Widgery found that the international scene. After remove or rewrite Articles Two and Three of important legal submission to employees. poisonous gas. Although the 'mere 21 prosecutions have of crime, or in affecting or as- "none of the deceased or the forty-first session of the the 1937 constitution — Mr Brooke reaf- whether on the economy, • the Royal commission on The submission advocates fine was large, in contrast to the Northern problem oii» been pursued, resulting in just sisting in the unlawful arrest of wounded is proved to have United Nations human rights- firmed his opposition to the claim to 32- Criminal Justice. the establishment of special those often handed out in the EEC, which are the is-h two convictions to date: offenders or persons unlawful- been shot while handling a committee in April earlier this county sovereignty in an interview with The The commission, which police units on corporate Magistrates Courts, it was the sues that affect the lives of • Pte Robert Reid Davidson ly at large," forearm or a bomb". No dis- year, Costa Rican expert Fran- violence and draws parallels company rather than an in- cisco Jos£ Anguilae Urbina, Irish Times a couple of months ago. But if was set up after the release of ordinary people. ^ was given a 12-month Samuel Devenny was the ciplinary action was ever 7.30pmv Friday 6 December, the Birmingham Six, has been with changing institutional at- dividual director who was suspended sentence for shoot- earliest victim 22 years ago. An taken against those respon- asked . what measures were only the British claim under Section 75 of "It's all about graft," 1 Camden Irish Centre, instructed to consider reforms titudes to domestic violence. It prosecuted despite the fact ing a nurse at a checkpoint. inquiry into his death at the sible. The . commanding being taken to prevent no- the 1921 Government of Ireland Act were summed up ex-Fianna RHP' to investigation and prosecu- argues that the present inves- that responsibility for the 1 • Pte Ian Thain, sentenced to hands of the B-Specials by a officer, Lieutenant-Colonel warning shootings and left extant, "joint authority" would look a lot tion in the British criminal tigative procedures of the deaths of the workers, two of Minister Kevin Boland, investigations which who resigned in disgust^ life imprisonment for shooting British-based police force was Wilford was decorate with an London NW1 like Direct Rule with a bolt-on "Irish dimen- justice system to protect the in- Health and Safety Executive whom were teenage brothers, a civilian in the back, rejoined abandoned when the officer in OBE. In 1974, the Ministry of produced no results^ nocent while ensuring the are inadequate and calls for a was clearly attributable. from the party years ago* f« Mauritian expert Rajsoomer sion" rather than any real shared legislative 'It's about who is to be on his regiment two years and charge was said to have with Defence paid the relatives of Guests* o£ honour: guilty do not escape punish- much tougher police prosecut- The ability of bosses to hide Lallah asked how many vic- arrangement as a transitional framework on top of the political pile or those killed £41,717 "ina spirit ment. A submission from ing policy towards company behind their firms was even tims had been unarmed, and who can get his hand of goodwill and reconcilia- JeremyCorbyn MP, the way to reunification and independence. groups concerned with directors. more starkly demonstrated in W tion". whether there were proce- deepest into the honey- | dures for reviewing such cases. Because that's the nub of it. No attempt at workplace safety argues that A case last month again another case when a firm es- • July 1972: British soldiers Billy Power, pot." He said more information was serious crimes of corporate showed the reluctance of the caped prosecution for killing a shot dead six civilians, includ- a solution will get to grips with the crisis un- : jiSSfJJl" i needed: names of the killers violence are currently not legal system to put directors in young Irish boy simply by ing a boy and girl of 15. As the less disengagement is on the agenda Any- were never released as was- Hugh Callaghan properly being investigated the dock when a Crown Court going into liquidation. boy lay dying, a priest who thing short of that might reduce the m From front page recommendations are: procedure in other cases; tes- paaHMMMHiHiaa m m m Nineteen-year-old Michael went to his aid was himself temperature in the short term but will only Brennan was killed trying to organisation's 10-day immediate and regular ac- timony of security force Tickets: £17.50 New Manx job cess to solteKer* for shot dead. members wa9 not required; postpone a resolution to the conflict for drive an overloaded dumper fact-finding tour facilitated detainees- the bannina of All of this only goes to sho w Legal Aidwas not available to • live innate • dancing truck, with faulty brakes, on a toy the Committee on the another generation. Join the CA! CONNOLLY Association uenHnvwvwnin »r that the 1982 shoot-to-kill inci- the families of the deceased steep embankment in April Administration of Justice MM member Dr Brian Stowell dents investigated by John L- 1990. He had received no has been appointed to the InJanuery of this year. " er, and^e^subsequrat There is an unsurmount- • While Helsinki Watch for all suspected cases of Membership costs a mere £10 a year (£12 for couples, I safety training or even passed newly created post of Manx; .able case for a fully extra-judicial killing; the Please send me ticket(s) at £17.50 eachfor the £6 unwaged couples and £5 for Individual students, • an ordinary driving test. Language Officer for the the first time raised the 1" prosecutions and the independent public inquiry phasing back in of jury- Mount)oy Martyrs Memorial Dinner) Irish OemocnAC unemployed and penaioners) and includes a free • By the time the case ap- Isle of Man Heritage Foun- human rights abuses com- eventual acquittal of the men into all these deaths and triai; the abolition of ex- subscription to the Irish Democrat. peared before the Magistrates dation. His job will be t< mitted by six-county involved, don't mark the aspects surrounding them, Please tick if you.would like the vegetarian menu • paramilitaries, the burden clusion orders under .the Court, his boss, JF MacMahon, devise courses for teaching St0ry right back to the case of Samuel MONTHLY NEWSPAPER OF THE PTA', an end to the Broad- '-wp-varr " NAME NAME had liquidated his company Manx to school children; of ita report waa con- Devenny. Since the British War CONNOLLY ASSOCIATION cerned with the casting Ban; and nomore establishment of the In- EDITOR: Martin Moriarty and set up a new one, again and young people. y Criminal Act allows for government's failures political vetting. dependent Commission for ADDRESS EDITORIAL BOARD: Gerard Curran, Conor Foley, ADDRESS with himself and his wife as - A Physics lecturer at prosecutions of crimes against overthelast20 years. Police Complaints in 1988 has Martin Moriarty, Peter Mulligan the directors. Since the Liverpool Polytechnic,' W It also includes a wealth humanity as far back as World hardly allayed anxieties about TYPESET AND DESIGNED: Connolly Publications I recorded the last native! "It was saddening toflnd of documentary evidence, War II, there is no legal restric- prosecution was against the the RUC being ultimately PUBLISHED BY: Connolly Publications Ltd., 244-246 I speakers of Manx in the such extensive human some of which hae never company, however, the responsible for pursuing Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8JR. Tel: 071-833 3022 a 1950s, and over the vears he rights violations In ..a been published before. when justiceis applied equally Postcode Magistrate accepted that there prosecutions from the . initial PRINTED BY: Ripley Printers (TU) Ltd, Nottingham •i was no one to prosecute and played a distinguished part democracy like the United • Human Righto In North- acrossthe,board will there be xjftgt Kingdom, and puzzling as em Ireland, £5.60 Includ- stages of gathering forensic Pieces seodcheques payable toConnollyAssodalkm Road, Ripley, Derbyshire. Return this form with your cheque payable toConnoUy MacMahon escaped without in encouraging the revival genuine peace anddemocracy. i to why they had persisted ing postage from CAJ. evidence, interviewing wit- with thla form to Memorial Dinner, Connolly 1939-1980 now available on microfilm Association to: 244/46Gray's Inn Road, London WC1 even the stigma of a token fine. of the language. It's time concerned people re- so longf the report said. 45-47 Donegell Street, Bel- nesses and those involved in Association, 244-246 Gray'a Inn Road, London WC1. L • CHRIS CONWAY fatal shootings. addressed this imbalance now ••••••••••^••••••••••••••ii Among the report's fast BT1 2FG. "In Northern Ireland, the BRENDANTRACEY IRISH DEMOCRAT December 1991 page IRISH

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ELECTION BRIEFING From the first investment to kind of supranational CONFERENCE REPORT the sale of the final product piratocracy responsible to there is one profitable bonanza nobody but themselves, push- after another. Each competing ing the local national nation, if it is to have exports, governments around, and in- must restrict its home market. tent only to rob and rob. End of the Yet the rest of the prosperity of But though there is a new any people is precisely the size phase, much of the old of the home market. remains, and where the old • So what appears at first methods still serve, the old union? Sight to be an internationalis- methods remain. It is the func- ing tendency, proves to be the tion of partition now not just to reverse. The enforced merging make Ireland easy meat for of nations is found to set them Britain, but to leave Ireland to against each other's throats, be plucked by the transnation- HE CONTINUED existence of the United and to replace class politics al firms as well, and the same Kingdom faces a challenge at the election with nation-politics. transnational firms as are busy from Scotland. Last month's by-election It may be asked however, plucking the people of result in Kincardine pushed the Tories' par- how do we envisage it ending? England too. Tliamentary representation into single figures. Do we envisage a country It is clear of course that There are now only nine Scottish Tory MPs out of 72 with a very sharp economic under these conditions the and they stand to lose more at the general election. crisis like, say, Britain bending demand for the end of parti- Scottish nationalism is often misunderstood. the rules of the EEC to such a tion is very relevant indeed. Some see it as a purely chauvinist movement led by degree that they are as good as And if the English workers are Tartan Tories. Others view it, through Irish eyes, as out of it? Dare the Commis- seriously concerned with stop- a long standing anti-imperialist struggle against the sion, or the Court, allow the ping their country from being English conquest. British, or anyone else for that a satellite of Germany and a But the Irish and Scottish experiences were very matter, go to the length of vir- dependency of the USA, and different. Scotland, or at least the lowlands, tually tearing the Treaty up? with striking free from the prospered after its Act of Union and shared in the If there was otherwise a economic stranglehold of the spoils of the British Empire. There were no mass danger of social revolution, EEC, they will have to pluck LD SCENES: CA president Peter Mulligan (above left) listens to Blanche Flannery welcome the conference movements comparable to O'Connell's in the 19th they would probably go a long up their courage to face this to Sheffield while Bobbie Heatley (above right) expounde the Campaign for Democracy analysis of the crisis. century nor revolutionary nationalist groupings like way. question boldy. National organiser Conor Foley (below left) looks back at a successful year and top East Midlands band Kelly's the Fenians. Although John MacLean drew on If that is so, the close rela- It is no use bleating piteous- Heroes (below right) provide the music at the Saturday night social Pics: DA VID GRANVILLE Connolly's example when he argued for a Scottish tion between socialism and ly, or objecting angrily, to the Workers Republic in 1919 he did so in the belief that national independence is actions of British imperialism, the Scottish working class had more chance of made very clear. and leaving unmentioned the achieving socialism on their own rather than from a essential means by which it sense of Scotland's national grievances. i rk, operates in Ireland. Indeed it is not surprising his arguments found so There are therefore two little resonance, despite the fact that English troops NDER present condi- aspects now to the national in- had to be deployed in Scotland as well as Ireland tions it is hard to see the dependence question in that year. Glasgow was a key point in the industrial Uestablishment of an EEC Ireland. The old one continues, triangle which stretched to Liverpool and Belfast and army, although some are talk- the occupation of Irish ter- could still be described as the workshop of the ing about that, or the use of ritory by England. The new world. It is no coincidence that all three cities were NATO forces against a recal- one is that thanks to the control also strongholds of the Orange Order. citrant nation. Nor can we en- England established through Scottish nationalism was not to flower until the visage a Europe-wide surge to partition, she carried Ireland 1970s after a combination of decades of industrial socialism, because of the dif- with her into the Common decline and the discovery of North Sea oil kindled ferentiating factors that exist Market and is now planning to resentment against being ruled Jr^jJVestminster. within the Cofnmon Market. tatfe her %§p |M*so:call*d "It's Scotland's Oil" appeared alongside the Saltire The things which cause crisis "European Urtion" dominated on Scottish National Party posters. in Britain or Spain and impel by Germany, in which Ireland Whether such demands were chauvinist is a moot the people to the Ieft,|tfe the will be a mere province point: the left in Britain demonstrate peculiar stand- things which concentrate the without power and with ards in the degrees of self-restraint and selflessness wealth of the Community in whatever independence it had they expect from those whose interests conflict with Germany, so that the reason taken away. the British state. Nevertheless Labour's eventual con- why one of them moves Clearly the ending of parti- cession of a referendum owed more to parliamentary towards socialism is the reason tion could take place without weakness than altruism and, when the poll eventual- why the other moves away changing the capitalist system, ly took place, in 1979, a simple majority of those counties have been given the thousand years of history can- overall State structure, the em- from it. though many will think that it voting was not deemed a sufficient mandate. Partition, the rise benefits of a native Parliament not be blotted out in a few pire, and the separate nations In these conditions is the would raise social questions By contrast, the Tories were able to de-in- and administration — huge decades. So for the foreseeable must be allowed to develop. issue of partition relevant? that capitalism would not be dustrialise Scotland, while using her oil to finance a Of the transnational monopolies future we are stuck with a The factor of competition From the fact that this is the able to solve, and there would yuppie boom in the south-east of England, with an have gained global economic variety of languages. And between nations within the subject that there is universal be a consequent increased ever-declining share of the popular vote. Scotland transnationals, supremacy and the national what goes for languages goes EEC, and the Common agreement among all reac- demand for socialist measures. proved immune to the Thatcherite brand of Toryism governments of western for most of the other factors Market's divisive effect is not tionaries to veto, to keep silent Getting national inde- and the political, social and the cultural gap between the growth of the Europe have begun merging that make nations out of the often spoken of. The people about, one would think it pendence from the Common Scotland and England widened through the 1980s. into one supranational ad- language communities. who want to smash it up are probably is relevant. Market is, however,, another based on using the north as It also instructed the new A recent opinion poll showed 88 percent of Scots West European ministration. It is moreover already clear the true internationalists, who And this would seem to be thing. The Brussels dictators THE Labour Party must do dramatic achievements In- a bargaining chip to co-opt executive to consider com- in favour of self-government, with the majority back- It is not surprising, in these that the overt politics of the want friendship and co-opera- its relevance, partition was would probably just tolerate a no deals with Unionist MPs side the trade union move- Dublin into the reintegra- pliation of an anti-partiton ing either devolution or independence within the superstate: the conditions, that people are as- Common Market are not class tion between free nations. designed to make Ireland secession provided the In the event of a hung ment of tha last year." tion of the 32 counties Into student eduction pack and European Community. The former is the policy of king if Connolly's principles politics, such as exist in the The Common Market is weak, to divide and control transnationals continued to parliament at the next National organiser Conor a new British federation to build on the achieve- Labour and the Liberals, the latter of the SNP. How- world has are still valid today, when separate nations, but the ideal for the transnational both parts of the partitioned rule the roost economically. election, the 1991 Connolly Foley reported some major within a federal Europe," he ments of the recent work in ever 40 per cent of Labour voters also want inde- "nationalism" is a dirty word politics of competing companies. It is not only that country. This was in the inter- But to break the power of these Association conference successes in the last year, argued. the trade union movement. pendence while almost a third of SNP supporters changed to educationists, economists nationalities. The horse-trad- the rules are made to benefit ests of English imperialism. vast financial and industrial agreed last month. not least the winning of 24 He said Britain was intent A resolution outlining would settle for devolution. and lawyers, and every ing that goes on when the them, to crush small busi- | But imperialism has now- empires, many of which pos- Keeping a minority new trade union affiliates on having Articles Two some concrete The difference between the two positions may enormously since twopenny cross-channel jour- Heads of State get together nesses, to drive farmers off the entered a new phase. There is sess more assets than some of Labour administration in and the endorsement of the annd Three removed from humanitarian support for not be that great The SNP has moved left in recent nalist is lecturing the Irish on concerns making the decisions land and create a reserve army a kind of transnational im- the wealthiest countries, there office with the support of CA's work by local govern- the Irish constitution, but Irish prisoners In British years while Labour has become more nationalist Connolly's day. the folly of wanting to remain of Brussels acceptable to this or of unemployed to bring down perialism today. It is seen in is only one thing, and that is Unionlst MPs would a a ment union NALGO. For a Scottish Parliament to mean anything it would Irish. Quite worthy people are that national community. workers' conditions in all huge monopolies which strad- the collective controls on betrayal of every Irish vote But he warned that the the real problem was Sec- Jails was remitted to the EC. tion 75 of the 1921 Govern- A 15-strong executive have to possess substantial tax raising powers and But his political known to speak of the inter- Even if the national parlia- countries. The separate States dle the capitalist world, private capital in the social in- for the party, delegates organisation's finances ment of Ireland Act, under council was elected: the ability to use North Sea oil revenue to rejuvenate nationalism of the Common ments are stripped of their within the Common Market including the forma* colonies. terest that people mean when agreM. had to be placed on a firmer which Britain claimed Patrick Bond, John Boyd, the Scottish economy. This would bring it into a con- principles remain Market, of making it exclusive sovereignty, they are set into competition to The old colonialism has gone. they talk of socialism. "The next six months are footing in the coming year, sovereignty, and that Gerard Curran, Tony flict of interests with Westminster and the limited democratic, and so getting to a will be scaled down into, or be secure the investment of the There is neo-colonialism, to The conclusion we suggest critical," general secretary and underlined the need to needed exposure. Donaghey, Jim Duggan, form of assembly promised by Labour and the central, argues united socialist Europe. replaced by, national pressure monopolies. This means use the phrase coined by R to our readers is therefore that Martin Moriarty told con- involve more youth and He followed up his ad- David Granville, Jonathan Liberals could rapidly turn into a transitional body. We would question groups. Tlie superstate will fering inducements which Palme Dutt, and the huge the issue of national inde- ference. "For what we women in the CA's work, dress to the first day of the Hardy, Eddie Lamb, Martin Progress towards secession could be even faster if FEICREANACH whether the transnational thus resemble the old Austro- are allowed provided big busi- transnational corporations ex- pendence is still at the heart of achieve between now and Bobbie Heatley from the weekend conference with a Moriarty, Peter Mulligan, the Tories got back again. Labour would quite likely companies or the EEC have Hungarian empire, a jumble of ness gets the booty, and you ploit the "Third World" Irish politics, and the future of then Will dictate what we Belfast-based Campaign 12-minute slot alongside Pat O'Donohoe, Joe O'- split in Scotland if this happens. Unionists, like any effect in promoting the nations, whose internal have the absurd position through local stooges, the country depends on how it can achieve with whatever for Democracy, at the end government assumes of- of a speaking tour or- Martln Moriarty on Radio Grady, Brenden O'Rourke, Smith and Brown, might cling to the trappings of i u ni ty of the peoples of Western politics were concerned only where a country offers tax con- economic manipulations, and is solved. But fresh elements , 1 Sheffield before business Ian O'Rourke, Jane Tate, Westminster but a sizeable group of MPs must INCE James Connol- Europe. with the national question, so cessions to persuade a vast the CIA's dirty tricks depart- have become tacked on to it fice." ganlsed by the CA, told the was resumed oh the Sun- • The conference stood for realise there would be no alternative to extra-par- ly advanced the idea It is ?lear that even if this that the place became a by- corporation to operate within ment. because of the Common He said it was vital that conference that the British members redoubled their ruling establishment would day morning. a minute's silence in liamentary nationalist agitation. The anti-poll tax that the ro^d to was intended and practicable, word. This is a situation when its boundaries, in order to ' One might indeed specu- Market and it does not there- efforts to "effectively inter- only pull out when they per- The conference agreed to memory of founding mem- campaign and initiatives by the Scottish TUC have Socialism, which was it would take generations reliance is put on the continu- produce something which is lated whether neo-colonial fore exist in precisely the same vene In ever greater num- celved It would be In their afflllate to tlw Construction ber of Sheffield CA Dannie already shown the potential that exists, and the his objective for the before all the peoples spoke ing antagonism of nations to exported away some vhere forms of exploitation are not form. But it is still England's bers In the political arena, best Interests to do do. Safety Campaign and sup* Lourie, who died earlier dangers of abandoning the leadership to the ultra- SIrish people, lay through na- one language for ordinary pur- keep them all balanced and im- else altogether. now affecting countries pre- hand that holds Ireland down, to convlncce greater num- He said the British inten- port broad-based cam- this year, left. The next election will also be a referendum on tional independence, Ireland poses, even though French or potent. It was recognised by all "Export-led growth" is viously regarded as advanced, and the issueof partition there- bers of the Irish In Britain to tlon was to reverse the los- patgns against Special thanks to the Shof- Home Rule and a "velvet revolution" could follow if has been criminally parti- German were to be taught thorough-going socialists what all governments are toid which is leading to a situation fore remains as alive as ever it |oin the campsign and to ses of the 1920s and '30s. unemployment and Its Im- field branch for hosting the the government ignores die result tioned by the English throughout. What Labour's before the First World War, to seek. This is ideal for the where the transnational com- was. That spectre cannot be ex- build on the occasionaly "Their present policy la pact on the Irish in Britain, conference. government — although 26 Hugh Gaitskell once called a that what had to go was the transnational companies. panies and Banks operate as a orcised. Mi DEMOCRAT BOOKS IRISH PRISONERS Fairy Tale of New York A Song of IN BRITISH JAILS

A Christmas duet Cumannna Letthem know Honouring the Famine dead IT WAS Christmas £ve, babe, in the drunk tank An old man said son I won't wee another one mBan And then he sang a song lite Rate Old Mountain Dew I turned my eyes away and thought about you Air: The Men of the West Canada. A frank exposure of acquire the right to denounce Foster's grudgingacknow- g&k' <•' timg /V* This is as comprehensive a list of Irish prisoners injustice heaped on mass suf- the english administration of ledgements of human I got on a lucky one, came in ateighteento one currently held In British Jails as we have managed to fering the diary was banned Ireland during the famine as destruction make painful WHEN you honour in song and * which we are publishing to encourage I've got a feeling this years forme andyou in story > Include one or more of them on by the government on publi- a colossal crime against the reading. The core of his So Happy Christmas. ' cation in 1895. human race. The non- analysis is that protecting The fighters who shouldered a I lists. Remember always to use tfteprlson number in any correspondence. Successfully combining socialist Irish man or woman Irish exports would have gun, -''A""''":' i-V ' elements of both books, who fumes against that ad- been unthinkable by any ad- They've got cars big as bars, they've got riverso f gold And recked not that Death's Mow Paddy's Lament by American ministration is in the illogical ministration at the time and HM Prison Full Sutton, Full Sutton, YORK Y04 1PS: should reach them, Tommy Qulgley B96204 writer Thomas Gallagher, position of denouncing an ef- so the British response to If so Ireland' fuses historical narrative with fect of whose cause he is a famine followed generally ac- When I first took your hand on a cold Christmas Eve Roy Walsh 119063 s freedom was won. JahnMcCamb BWT15 passages of creative supporter." cepted European practice. You promised me Broadway was waiting for me wvim iiwwiiiu reconstruction based on ex- British policy was directed This sleight-of-hand replaces Foiget not the women of Ireland Damfen McComb MT2484 tensive research to examine above all to protecting the any analysis of the system of You were handsome. You were pretty, queen of New York dty Who stood without terror or dread Vincent Donnelly 274064 the social experience of trade arrangements made trade with Britain, whose Beside those who battled so Brendan Dowd 758662 tenant farmers and peasants. possible by the Act of Union economic value far. exceeded bravely Harry Duggan 338638 Sinatra was swinging and the crowd they were sin Patrick Magee B75881 Less bound than Woodham- whereby Irish agriculture that returned in the form of We kissed in a corner and danced round the floor Smith by historical "objec- and livestock, capable of feed- Government aid. Despite his 'Mid shellfire and deluge of lead. Paul Holmes - 119034 tivity", Gallagher highlights ing the pre-famine popula- economic focus Foster profes- Paul Kavanagh L31888 British imperial strageties. tion several times over was ses to have noamwer as to CHORUS: Brian Keenan B26380 GalwayBay Sean Klnsella 758661 Unsuprisingly, however, he bought cheap for the newly why Ulsters industries Then here's to the women of concentrates on a narrative of industrialised workers in thrived, while the rest of the And the bells Were ringing out for Christmas day Joe M McKinney L46486 emigration to America which Ireland Britain. Aiming to increase country de-industrialised fol- Who marched without fear in die restricts his attention to the agricultural productivity, and lowing the ActofUnion. The I could have been someone. Well so amid anyone HM Prison Long Lartin, South Littleton, EVESHAM WR115TZ: worsening conditions in paralleling the Scottish high- savage colonial domination van; You took my dreams from me when I first met you. Liam Baker 464984 Ireland. Instead, he recreates land clearances, the British en- of Ireland that was chal- Old Ireland is proud of her the voyage on a British ship, I kept them with me babe. I put them with my own daughters - Paul Norney 863532 FAMINE IRELAND: human suffering on a terrifying scale couraged conditions for wide lenged (albeit inadequately) Can't make itall alone, I've built my dreams around you the Mersey, one of the most spread eviction. Yet pursu- by the Young Irelanders and Hurrah for brave Cumann na HM Prison Albany, NEWPORT, Isle of Wight, P030 effective passages of histori- ing this policy, and deter- criticised for its social affects mBan! cal empathy I have read. . 5RS: reprinted this year, The Great ing explanatory material. But mined to establish across Europe and America You're a bum you're a punk, you're an ould whore and junk Our tricolour flew on the breezes, Noel Gibson 879225 Jonathan Hardy Hunger is a carefully re- nothing prepares the reader Examining British policy "self-government and self during the famine is barely ' Lying there on the drip nearly dead in the bed Proclaiming o'er Dublin's old The Great Hunger - Ireland during the famine, Woodham audible in his account. Liam Quinn 49930 searched account of the major for the wholesale "creative" support" in Ireland for the 1 town 1845-1849, Cecil famine years 1845-1849 rewriting that destroys the Smith sees a fatal mix of ig- economic and social cost of The famine experience is Happy Christmas my arse, I thank God if s our last That the men of the nation HM Prison Gartree, Leicester Road, MARKET HAR- Woodham-Smith, Penguin giving authoritative insight opportunity to discover how norance built on race-hatred the famine, the landlord class both incomprehensibly dis- t awakened, BOROUGH LE16 7RP: Famine Diary - Journey to a into the policies and evasions a contemporary would shape with a stubborn ideological was both instrument and ad- tant, as it was to sympathetic And the boys from the New York Police choir were singing Would die ere 'twas ever hauled Stephen Nordone 758663 New World, Gerald of the British administration. and record his own ex- commitment to "laissez faire" versary. For this reason, observers, and resonant Keegan, edited by James down. JooO'Connell 338635 While highly informative and perience. solutions, plausible, she ar- among many others, govern- across the world today in the 1f And the bells were ringing out for Christinas day Ronnie McCartney 463799 Mangan, Wolfhound Press readable, like the many gues, for Britain but wholly ment policy was set within economics of "aid", the mas- And into our ranks came the iV With this major criticism - • SHANE McGOWAN Paddy 's Lament • Ireland quoted official reports of aside, Famine Diary does pro- insupportable in colonial calculated goals of economic sive inequalities of land •=« heroines, 1846 - 1847 - Prelude to HM Prison Frankland, Finchdale Avenue, BRAS- Ireland, crippled by an op- H c Like the women of Limerick of government, relief commit- vide a powerful account of a and political dependence for ownership and "cash-crop" • • • <• - - ' • - ( s SIDE, Durham DH1 5 YD: - Hatred, Thomas Gallagher, pressive system of land production in the Third • ... , • .r'fwv old, tees and observers described, radical schoolteacher forced Ireland yet structurally in- Eddie Butler 338637 Harcourt Brace Jovanovich ownership. This view, how- World. These three histories the people themselves are ex- to flee Ireland. Travelling coherent since it brought into And their smiles made the Natalino Vella B71644 amined and counted but rare- cabin class and not in ever, while challenging play the different factions confront humati suffering on weakest a hero - British relief operations falls ly speak. steerage with the majority of and aspirations within the a terrifying scale. A Write their fame, boys, in letters HM Prison Parkhurst, NEWPORT, Isle of Wight, ir HROUGH starvation, short of fundamental ••A • Expecting that the Famine the Irish, Keegan struggles to ruling class itself. symptom of advanced sick- of gold. ' P0305NX: disease and emigra- criticism of the political and Diary written by a contem- support the fever victims and The revisionist view of the ness and stupor was the loss Peter Sherry B75880 tion Ireland's popula- economic system as a whole. Though our fight in the old GPO, porary emigree would pro- starving on a typical British Famine, expressed by Roy of speech that so shocked William Armstrong 119085 tion of 8 million in vide such speech, I was "coffin ship" and records the As Connolly brilliantly ex- Foster in Modern Ireland (Pen- those inspecting, the famine boys, poses in Labour in Irish His- Hugh Doherty 338636 1841 was reduced by deeply disappointed. The in- terror and weakening spirit guin Books), attempts to high- victims. To read these books tory: Came to grief as its flames Danny McNamee L48616 Tover 2.5 million as the potato troduction by editor James of the travellers. He records light a more "balanced" is to help unlock that silence touched the sky, Liam O'Dulbhir MT2485 crop which provided subsis- Mangan gives some plausible the tragic death of his young "It is only when we reject economic history. The return which is also the silence of We lit there a fire that will blaze, tence living for the mass reasons for changing the wife and then he too joins the [the capitalist] system, and of the repressed social ex- dominant history, and to boys, HM Prison Leicester, Welford Road, LEICESTER population repeatedly failed. original idiom of diarist 15,000 who died at the fever the intellectual and social fet- perience cannot be so easily honour the indignation of the Y041PS: First published in 1962 and Till the power of the Saxon shall Gerald Keegan and introduc- station on Gosse Island, ter it imposes, that we really evaded with the famine and dead. die. LiamMcCotter LB83693 And we'll cherish forever the Gerry McDonnell B25882 story, Patrick McLoughlin LB83694] I While the pages of hisf ry we BRUSSELS WATCH HM Prison Durham, Old Elvet DURHAM DH1 3HU: Said the damsel to Jack as she passed him by: scan, Ella O'Dwyer D25135 "Would you care for to purchase some quare bungle rye, roddy rye, Of these valiant daughters of Erin Martina Anderson D25134 Fol the diddle rye roddy rye, roddy rye?" Hurrah, boys, for the Cumann na Plenty more fish in the sea? mBan! ' • Thought Jack to himself: "Now what can this be, EXCLUSIVE Fishing Zones were awarded us control over these depths and from large shoals of This could produce an angry proached to see if themis any pos- generally adopted in 1976, when waters. fish passing through Ireland's very confrontation between not only sibility of a parallel campaign for a Smuggled up on a basket and sold on the sly The Minstrel Boy PETER MULLIGAN'S Ireland and Britain had already ac- The period selected was extensive waters. "Super-trawlers" British and Irish trawler crews, but 200 mile Irish Exclusive Fishing And the name that it goes by is quare bungle rye, roddy rye," etc. PEEPSHOW cepted the bizarre doctrine — un- peculiarly unfavourable to Britain, up to 240 feet long are used and between Southern Irish and North- Zone. The British campaign has known anywhere else in the world being that in which the Continental often equipped with salt-water ern Irish trawler crews, who fish launched a petition to Padtament Jack gave her a pound and he thought nothing strange The minstrel boy to the war is gone, — that fish was "a common onslaught on what were now tanks in which fish are kept alive, the British quota. But there is hope which has gatheredtnomentum, Said she: "Hold the basket till I get you your change." In the ranks of death you'll find him; MORE BRITISH TROOPS | The British government resource" to which all Common British waters was at its peak, and or for processing fish into frozen of a happier outcome. The Irish with support right across the politi- has announced that an additional 741 British army Market trawlers had "equal right fack looked in the basket and a baby did spy. 1 .... His father's sword he has girded on, the bulk of British effort had been blocks. A valuable export trade to government is talking about a 12 cal spectrum, and it will be And his wild harp slung behind him. personnel will be made available in Northern Ireland of access". diverted to Iceland. British trawlers the Continent has been built up. mile Irish Exclusive Fishing Zone. presented to the new Parliament "Oh begocxah," says Jack, 'This is quare bungle rye, roddyrye, " etc. to contain the demand for change. This will include At that time, the North Sea sec- are granted about a third of the Policing this vast area of sea has Since the Commission and other after the General Election; "Land of Song!" said the warrior bard, 300 more troops from the 'mainland' and 441 armed tor of British waters provided 85 catch by weight but only one Now to get the diHd christened was Jack's first intent, "Though all die world betray thee, not been easy. Ireland cannot af- EC governments would never It is of course> most unlikely persons for the Ulster Defence Regiment. .A. per cent of Common Market fish. eighth of the value since most of ford the necessary ships, and no agree to either they could be that either governments wiB dare For to get the child christened to the parson he went. One sword at least thy rights shall Elsewhere Continental fleets had the more valuable species are given help is available from Brussels. achieved only by unilateral action. to defy the satraps in Brussels. But 1 euard, NO LOYALT•Y Throe Ulster Defence Association scoured bare their own waters of to the Continentals. Due to near As the revision of the Common It is most likely the Common any destruction of fish stocks in "Bedad now," says Jack, "Call him quare bungle rye, roddy rye," One faithful harp shall praise thee." members and Douglas Bernhardt using a USA Common Market fish. Rather than universal cheating on the Con- Fisheries Policy approaches, the Market would then practice the Irish and British waters by lawless etc. passport received fines end a suspended jail sentence have Continental fleets fishing up tinent, it is even less. Spaniards, Portuguese, Greeks and blackmail already used on Norway Continental fleets sailing under the The minstrel fell - but die foeman's from a Paris court laat month They were charged with to the beaches, successive British For geographical reasons, Irish Italians are invoking the "equal ac- which has surrendered large CFP provides a common enemy for Saysthepareonto Jack: "Nowthafs a queer name." chain selling design documents c; the Blowpipe missile to governments accepted a Common fishing had followed a different cess" principle to demand an end quotas of fish in their waters, all concerned. The campaign to a South African diplomat. The Dally Telegraph. Fisheries Policy based on so-called to "relative stability" under which under threat of penal tariffs on fish Could not bring his proud soul under; pattern. Ireland's Atlantic coast is protect the fishing industries can ' " (fi The harp he loved ne'er spoke again; "historic rights" and past perfor- close to the edge of the continental the share given to each nation imports into the Common Market. be helped by promoting the "Save The Home office has an- mances. shelf where narrow coastal shal- remains constant. If they get more, If simultaneous action were taken Britain's Fish" petition. t hell go by Is quare bungle rye, roddy rye," etc. For he tore its chords asunder; i people are excluded under the Grimsby MP Austin Mitchell lows plunge to deep water and fish- British trawlers would get even by the British government, with • Copies of the petition can be had And said: "No chains shall sully thee, Act. Ninety-five are excluded described this as meaning that if a ing had been a small boat affair. less. Based on the previous small Britain and Ireland controlling the from Eric Clements, Assistant Now all you young sailors who roam on the town Thou soul of love and bravery! • Ireland as a whole and Ave few French people fished in our scale of Irish fishing, Ireland gets bulk of fish stocks, the Thy songs were made for the pure and __ 11 ii ||L , .... I • » |.,i|t| IKj Recently, Ireland has shown Secretary, Grimsby Bgire^flwgtongl^ho^p up and down ing Nortnern ireiana trom ine waters many years ago, hordes of remarkable initiative in employing just 3 percent. The Irish govern- "Europeans" would have to sur- TUC, 60 Harrington vjwmorps, free, ment may be tempted to join others render. them had the right to do so now, modern fish-finding technology, DN357BD < Or else they m%ht sell you some quase bungle lye, roddy rye, etc. They shall never sound in slaveiy." even though the Law of the Sea and trawls, to catch fish at great in calling for a fresh share-out Irish organisations are to be ap-

IRISH DEMOCRAT December 1991 p a g e .7 J IRISH DEMOCRAT December 1991 page 6 m

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-k MliilffliM " rnivmmrn ' r' i r ANONN IS ANALL: THE PETER BERRESFORD ELLIS COLUMN Loyalists launch 1921: the British saw the solution was to turn the Irish upon each other new wave Of sectarian Divide terror "'•a*

cula* ,^up J5y ca . *From'frontpage •••• jiMS Upnot, a 700 ton legal Ulster Defence As- transport taking arms and am- sociation, and a third es- munition back to Britain. caped death in a school Machine guns, rifles, pistols, playground. Three more grenades and half a million Catholics have been killed, rounds now fell into the hands one at work, another walk- of the IRA. ing home and a third, 33- The British Army were year-old Brian McCabe, angry. An intelligence opera- was kidnapped and tor- tion was mounted which was a tured before being shot. catastrophe for three intel- Glengormley loyalists ligence officers and a private have firebombed the home 'disappeared' in the operation. of a woman who converted One of the officers was H.D. to Catholicism when she Hendy, the Intelligence Officer married, and killed her and for Montgomery's Brigade her 16-year-old son. HQ. Montgomery was ordered And, eager to impress to negotiate with Comman- upon the British estab- dant Donovan to secure the lishment not just the depth release of the British intel- of Loyalist firepower but ligence men it being felt they also the extent of the had been captured by the IRA. paramilitary network, However, the IRA denied some media-conscious responsibility. death-squad commander w&t- Montgomery insisted that sold Channel Four's Dis- "Let them squash the rebellion themselves": Free State troops in action on the streets by a republican poster he take out an army search patches team the story of an party which he did on April30, "Inner Circle" in the RUC 1922. The British convoy was — now supplemented by BHERE is an old adage stopped on the outskirts of tales of an "Outer Circle", She would rule you through ways this war was far worse the title 17th Infantry Brigade: I about knowing your Macroom by the IRA apd only the Ulster Central Coor- her capitalists, through her than the Great War which had Summary of Important Instruc- enemy. I was the intervention of the parish dinating Committee, a landlords, through her finan- ended in 1918, such a war ii tions. In this Montgomery laid reminded very force- priest prevented a conflict. Un- grand anti-republican con- ciers, through her array of thoroughly bad for officers down instructions for dealing fully about it when I deterred, on M^y 2, spiracy, plotting the deaths commercial and individualist and men; it tends to lower their with all situations that his of- Thappened to read a letter writ- institutions she has planted in standards of decency arid ficere wefe likely to encounter. Montgomery commanded of alleged IRA actiyists ten by Bernard Law another detachment. from secret meetings -n this country...' chivalry, and I was glad when Ironically, for those who Si&ntgomery (yes, the same hotels across the North. Connollys prophecy-was it waswer.' • > know how theJAta&of Inde- The bodies of the British in- Field Marshal Viscount Collusion between the soon to be fulfilled when pro- Commandant Tom Barry pendence was conducted by telligence officers were Montgomery of Alamein) to security forces and the Treaty forces, at the behest of regarded Montgomery as an the military in Cork, the book- subsequently found in a bog. his fellow officer A.E. Pe»dval loyalist death-squads un- the London Government, with efficient officer who believed let ends with the words: The According to Commandant in 1923. Both men hadserved f doubtedly exists. In fact ifs artillery borrowed from the 'with great correctness', unlike behaviour of the Army must be Donovaii they had been ex- in the British Army in Cork so widespread that it British Army, opened fire on his colleague Major A.E. Per- kept beyond reproach.' This ecuted by a group who had during the War of Inde- doesn't even require republican forces at 4.20 am, cival who became one of the was written six months after seceded from IRA control. pendence. Montgomery detailed discussions be- Wednesday, June 28, 1922, most hated army men in Cork. the policy of official reprisals The last British Army bar- summed up the Treaty tween paramilitaries, thus precipitating the tragedy Percival is still remembered in and martial law (declared in racks in Cork were evacuated negotiations and the rise of the police officers, members of of the Civil War. Cork as a vicious sadist, the December, 1920) had been put on May 17. On May 19 Free State in these words: the UDR and ultra-right Montgomery, who clearly man responsible for the 1st into force; after the military Montgomery, the Divisional six-county businessmen to 'I consider that Lloyd spelt out the London Battalion, Essex Regiment's had burnt Cork City and car- and Brigade staffs left Ireland. be held before republicans George was really right in Government's attitude, went notorious 'torture squad' and a ried out other atrocities. There was a satisfaction* are assassinated. what he did; if we had gone on to Ireland as Brigade-Major of man who once took a rifle and Indeed, Montgomery wrote that they were handing over to fixed bayonet from one of his The paramilitaries are we could probably have the 17th (Cork) Infantry to Percival: 'My whole atten- Irishmen to finish the-jeb of men and bayonetted a suspect desperately intent on talkr squashed the rebellion as a Brigade on January 5,1921. He tion was given to defeating the continuing the war and sup- ten times. Of all the regular ing up their capacity to call temporary measure, but it was, of course, of an Irish As- rebels and it never bothered pressing the republic for which units of the British Army, only the shots. The whole busi- would have broken out again cendancy family whose home me a bit how many houses so many had given their lives the 1st Battalion, Essex Regi- ness is the tragic history of like an ulcer the moment we for two centuries had been were burnt. Any civilian or for. Now Irishmen fought ment was placed alongside the the Curragh mutiny repeat- had removed the troops; I New Park, Moville, in Co. Republican soldier or Irishmen at the behest .of the 'Black and Tans' in the percep- ing itself as would-be think the rebels would probab- Donegal. Although born in a policeman who interferes with English Crown and its Govern- tions of the people of Co Cork. Carsonite murderous farce. ly have refused battle, and suburb of London, the son of any officer or soldier is shot at ment. But the loyalists cannot hidden away their arms etc, an Anglican minister, There is an irortic footnote once.' Montgomery observed: command the degree of until we had gone. The only way Montgomery was a scion of a here for Percival rose in rank in- Then came the Treaty and 'My own view is that to win a political support Edward therefore was to give them some family of Scottish Presbyterian the British Army to become the establishment of the Free war of that sort you must be Carson was able to muster form of self-government, and let origin which had, in 1623, set- General commanding Sin- State Government. ruthless: Oliver Cromwell or against Home Rule in 1914. them squash the rebellion themsel-tled in Kilaghtee, Donegal, gapore in 1942. On February 15 By March, 1922, the Germans would have set- And apathy and disillusion ves; they are the only people who during the Ulster Plantation. he surrendered the island toan Montgomery wrote: 'It really is tled it in a very short time.' in the Protestant com- could really stamp it out..." Montgomery was certainly inferior-sized force of most degradingfor us soldiers Montgomery should have munity can only have been Montgomery, blunt as al- not unbiased when he went to Japanese. Churchill described haying to stay on here and I remembered th$ words of the deepened by the passing ways, sums up with succinct Ireland. Not only did his an- it as 'the worst disaster and shall be heartily glad to see the Dubliner Edmund Burke last month of the sixth an- accuracy how the British cestry colour his attitudes to largest capitulation in British last of the people and the (1729-1797) speaking in niversary of the Government saw the solution the Irish but a few months history'. Percival's -ig- place.' V defence of the American Hillsborough Agreement for Ireland; by turning the Irish before his posting his close nominious career in Ireland No doubt that gladness Was colonists during their War of they were told they could upon each other they could, friend and cousin, Lt. Colonel had been crowned with 'the a two way thing! Independence defeat. After dwindling with the time honoured Hugh Montgomery, had been most ignoir nious capitulation Montgomery, did not, how- The useof force alone is but protests in previous years, Roman policy - divide et impera, one of the British intelligence in British history', as it is ever, leave Ireland until May, temporary. It may subdue for Paisley and Molyneaux and maintain their overall con- officers eliminated by Michael described in official British 1922. The British troops in the a moment; but it does not confined themselves to trol in Ireland. Collins' men in Dublin on Sun- military histories. Poetic jus- south were being used in sup- remove the necessity of subdu- press releases last month. Connolly had realised just day, November 21, 1920. tice, perhaps? port of the pro-Treaty ing again: and a nation is not Colonel Montgomery was The crisis is crying out how perfidious Albion could It seems that in June, 1921, supporters against the governed, which is perpetual- serving on the General Head- for a political response as be when he warned: If you Montgomery still believed that Republicans in the uneasy ly to be conquered.' quarters Staff in charge of the ever-expanding remove the English army the IRA could be defeated. A period which followed the end The Free State forces which British Intelligence operations. vacuum at the heart of six- tomorrow and hoist the green special 'Cork City Intelligence' of the Treaty debate until the took over the role of the British county politics is filled by flag over Dublin Castle, unless Montgomery threw himself unit was set up by final opening of hostilities. Army in Ireland, subdued for the advocates of physical J JU set about the organisation into his work with a zeal. Later Montgomery and a small On March 29, 1922, the the moment, But subsequent force! The government of the Socialist Republic, your he confined speaking about his booklet written by him, Cork No. 1 Brigade, IRA, com- decades of bloodshed and must act. efforts would be in vain. activities in Ireland to just five printed ty the 6th Division manded by Commandant Dan tragedy has shown Burke to be England -would still rule you. lines in his Memoirs. In many HQ, in Cork, was issued under Donovan, pulled off a spec- right.

•H