DOCSLIB.ORG

Taxonomy of Marine Molluscs of India: Status and Challenges Ahead

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Taxonomy of Marine Molluscs of India: Status and Challenges Ahead See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303333869 Taxonomy of Marine Molluscs of India: Status and Challenges Ahead Chapter · May 2016 READS 195 2 authors: Ravinesh R Biju Kumar University of Kerala University of Kerala 18 PUBLICATIONS 12 CITATIONS 90 PUBLICATIONS 211 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, Available from: Ravinesh R letting you access and read them immediately. Retrieved on: 11 June 2016 Taxonomy of Marine Molluscs of India: Status and Challenges Ahead Biju Kumar, A. 1 & Ravinesh, R. Systematics Mollusca represents the second largest animal phylum on our planet and recent estimates show that the extant species diversity is around 45,000 to 50,000 marine 25,000 terrestrial and 5,000 freshwater (Appeltans et al., 2012; Rosenberg, 2014; MolluscaBase, 2016). Originated in the early Cambrian period almost 550 million years ago, molluscs entered almost every ecosystem in the world, though their diversity is enormous in the marine realm, occupying all habitats from the pelagic areas to the ocean trenches and representing roughly one-quarter of the marine species described (MolluscaBase, 2016). They are the morphologically megadiverse faunal group in the marine ecosystem, exhibiting enormous diversifications in body plan and habitat preferences and playing critical ecosystem roles, besides forming a noticeable element in marine fisheries. The ten classes recognised under phylum Mollusca are Caudofoveata, Solenogastres (worm-like organisms in sea bed, 200-3000 meters), Polyplacophora (chitons, rocky tidal and sea bed), Monoplacophora (cap-like single shell, living forms discovered in 1952, generally deep sea form 1,800- 7,000 meters), Gastropoda (snails and slugs, in sea, land and freshwater), Cephalopoda (marine), Bivalvia (marine and freshwater), Scaphopoda (tusk shells, marine), Rostroconchia (marine), and Helcionelloida (marine); the latter two classes are extinct and known only from their fossil records (Haszprunar, 2001). Caudofoveata and solenogasters were also put into one class, the Aplacophora (vermiform molluscs) by earlier workers (Healy, 2001). Aplacophorans and polyplacophorans may represent the early evolved living groups of molluscs (Sigwart and Sutton, 2007). Of late, good quality molecular phylogenetic analyses support the polyphyletic origin of Mollusca and place the molluscs in the Lophotrochozoa, along with annelids, brachiopods, bryozoans and several 1Department of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, Kerala E-mail: [email protected] 67 | P a g e Training Manual st 1 International Training Workshop on Taxonomy of Bivalve Molluscs other phyla (Halanych et al., 1995; Sigwart and Sutton, 2007). The existing ‘aculiferan’ model of molluscan phylogeny considers two subphyla, Conchifera, the ‘shell-bearing’ molluscs, and Aculifera, ‘spiny’ molluscs (Aplacophora and Polyplacophora), while ‘testarian’ model group polyplacophorans together with conchiferans under Testaria (Sigwart and Sutton, 2007). The consensus model considers the traditional concepts of Aculifera and Conchifera, while Scaphopoda was considered in the clade along with Gastropoda and Bivalvia and the details are given in Fig. 1 (Stöger et al., 2013). Fig.1. Schematic representation of phylogenetic relationship of various classes of Mollusca (modified from Stöger et al., 2013) The total diversity of molluscs recorded from India is 5,169 species (MoEF, 2014), representing around seven percent of the total global molluscan diversity. With an extensive coastline of 8,129 kilometres, 0.5 million square kilometres of continental shelf and 2.02 million square kilometres of EEZ, marine biodiversity of India is impressive. Marine mollusan diversity of India include 3,400 species (Rao, 1991, 1998; Venkataraman and Raghunathan, 2015). According to Rao (1991, 1998) 5,100 species of molluscs have been recorded from freshwater (22 families, 53 genera 183 species), land (26 families, 140 genera and 1,487 species) and marine habitats (242 families 591 genera, 3,400 species) of India. There is no consensus among various authors on the total number of marine molluscs from India. In a report on coastal marine biodiversity of India, Venkataraman and Wafar (2005) considers 3,370 marine molluscs in India, while Tripathy and Mukhopadhyay (2015) report 2,300 species. As such there is no well-defined and updated checklist on 68 | P a g e Training Manual st 1 International Training Workshop on Taxonomy of Bivalve Molluscs marine molluscs of India. The hotspots of marine molluscan biodiversity in India are Andaman and Nicobar islands (more than 1,000 species), Gulf of Mannar (around 428 species) and Lakshadweep (around 424 species) (Venkataraman and Wafar, 2005), all representing important coral reef ecosystems of India. Molluscan taxonomy research in India A comprehensive review of molluscan taxonomy research is not attempted in this note and the important studies are grouped into three phases, with Phase 1 listing major studies conducted before independence of India, Phase 2 compiling studies done after independence and Phase 3 documenting studies after the year 2000 (excluding all single species records and publications in predatory journals). Phase 1: Taxonomic studies on molluscs of India were initiated by the Asiatic Society of Bengal (1784) and the Indian Museum, Kolkata (1814). The first scientific paper on Indian marine Mollusca was perhaps that of Benson (1830). HMS Challenger put into sea by England in 1872 for oceanographic research surveyed Indian Ocean and collected information on various groups of organisms including molluscs. Collection of faunal samples by a series of cruises by the Royal Indian Marine Ships (RIMS) since 1881 collected and described marine molluscs from seas around India. Gardiner and Sewell (1899-1900) carried out studies along Lakshadweep (Minicoy). Sewell carried out investigations in seas around Andaman and Nicobar islands and led the John Murray expedition (1933-34); primary objective of this expedition was the study of the biology of the Arabian Sea, especially the benthic organisms such as molluscs. Smith (1894) published notes on Mollusca dredged from Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea during the expedition of the H.M Indian Marine Survey Steamer ‘Investigator’. During the latter half of the 19th century Abercrombie (1893a,b), Adam (1939), Alder and Hancock (1864), Comber (1906), Crichton (1940, 1941), Eliot (1903), Hornell (1921, 1949), Hoyle (1905), Melvill (1892, 1893, 1893-1894, 1898, 1909), Melvill and Ponsoney (1898), Melvill and Standen (1898), Prashad (1930, 1932), Preston (1910, 1911), Robson (1926), Smith (1878, 1894, 1895, 1896,1899, 1903, 1904, 1906), Thurston (1890) and Winckworth (1927a,b, 1928, 1929, 1936, 1940) contributed knowledge to malacological studies. This was 69 | P a g e Training Manual st 1 International Training Workshop on Taxonomy of Bivalve Molluscs the initial phase of explorations and expeditions to record marine biodiversity of seas around India. Phase 2: The beginning of the 20th century was the most productive and significant period in the history of Indian malacology, with the lead role taken up by Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), along with contributions from Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) and several maritime universities of India. This helped consolidating information on marine molluscs of India. Few general surveys on the taxonomy of the molluscan fauna of Indian coasts are those of Appukuttan (1983), Appukuttan et al. (1989), Apte (1993), Apte (1998), Bertsch and Attilio (1980), Hornell (1951), Hornell and Tomlin (1951), Kohn (1978), Kundu (1965), Kurian (1948), Menon et al. (1961 and 1967), Mookherjee (1985), Nagabhushanam and Rao (1972), Narayanan (1968), Panicker (1977, 1978), Pinn (1990), Rajagopal and Mookherjee (1978, 1982), Ramakrishna and Dey (2000), Rao (1970, 1977), Rao (1980), Rao and Dey (1984, 1986), Rao and Rao (1981, 1991, 1993), Ray (1949 a, b; 1951, 1956), Rockel et al. (1995), Santhakumaran (1973), Satyamurti (1952, 1956), Silas et al. (1985), Rao et al. (1991, 1992), Subrahmaniyan et al. (1952) and Tikader et al. (1986). This phase witness good quality publications, especially from Dr NV Rao and his team from ZSI based on exploratory studies on various ecosystems of India. Phase 3: Recent studies on marine molluscan studies remain centred primarily around certain charismatic groups such as opisthobranchs (Apte, 2009; Apte and Bhave, 2014; Apte et al., 2010; Apte et al., 2012; Bhave and Apte, 2011, 2013; Carmona et al., 2014; Raghunathan et al., 2010; Ramakrishna et al., 2010; Sreeraj et al., 2012). There was no systematic all taxa studies in any of the specific ecosystems of India. Major publications during the phase include those of Apte (2004, 2009, 2012), Apte and Bhave (2014), Apte et al. (2010, 2012), Bhave and Apte (2011, 2013), Bijukumar et al. (2015), Carmona et al. (2014), Dey (2006), Dey and Ramakrishna (2007), Franklin et al. (2009), Hylleberg and Kilburn (2002), Lutaenko (2006), Modayil (2007), Mukhopadhyay et al. (2012), Pati and Sharma (2012 a, b), Raghunathan et al. (2010), Ramakrishna and Dey (2000, 2003, 2010), Ramakrishna et al. (2007, 2010), Rao and Sastry (2005), Sreeja et al. (2012, 2016), and Venkataraman et al. (2004, 2012). 70 | P a g e Training Manual st 1 International Training Workshop on Taxonomy of Bivalve Molluscs
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Tampa Bay Benthic Monitoring Program: Status of Middle Tampa Bay: 1993-1998
    Tampa Bay Benthic Monitoring Program: Status of Middle Tampa Bay: 1993-1998 Stephen A. Grabe Environmental Supervisor David J. Karlen Environmental Scientist II Christina M. Holden Environmental Scientist I Barbara Goetting Environmental Specialist I Thomas Dix Environmental Scientist II MARCH 2003 1 Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County Richard Garrity, Ph.D. Executive Director Gerold Morrison, Ph.D. Director, Environmental Resources Management Division 2 INTRODUCTION The Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County (EPCHC) has been collecting samples in Middle Tampa Bay 1993 as part of the bay-wide benthic monitoring program developed to (Tampa Bay National Estuary Program 1996). The original objectives of this program were to discern the ―health‖—or ―status‖-- of the bay’s sediments by developing a Benthic Index for Tampa Bay as well as evaluating sediment quality by means of Sediment Quality Assessment Guidelines (SQAGs). The Tampa Bay Estuary Program provided partial support for this monitoring. This report summarizes data collected during 1993-1998 from the Middle Tampa Bay segment of Tampa Bay. 3 METHODS Field Collection and Laboratory Procedures: A total of 127 stations (20 to 24 per year) were sampled during late summer/early fall ―Index Period‖ 1993-1998 (Appendix A). Sample locations were randomly selected from computer- generated coordinates. Benthic samples were collected using a Young grab sampler following the field protocols outlined in Courtney et al. (1993). Laboratory procedures followed the protocols set forth in Courtney et al. (1995). Data Analysis: Species richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity, and Evenness were calculated using PISCES Conservation Ltd.’s (2001) ―Species Diversity and Richness II‖ software.
    [Show full text]
  • Atkins Peel.Vp
    Yochelcionella (Mollusca, Helcionelloida) from the lower Cambrian of North America CHRISTIAN J. ATKINS & JOHN S. PEEL Five named species of the helcionelloid mollusc genus Yochelcionella Runnegar & Pojeta, 1974 are recognized from the lower Cambrian (Cambrian Series 2) of North America: Yochelcionella erecta (Walcott, 1891), Y. americana Runnegar & Pojeta, 1980, Y. chinensis Pei, 1985, Y. greenlandica Atkins & Peel, 2004 and Y. gracilis Atkins & Peel, 2004, linking lower Cambrian outcrops along the present north-eastern seaboard. Yochelcionella erecta, an Avalonian species, is de- scribed for the first time; other species are derived from Laurentia. A revised concept of the Chinese species, Y. chinensis, is based mainly on a large sample from the Forteau Formation of western Newfoundland and the species may have stratigraphic utility between Cambrian palaeocontinents. • Key words: Yochelcionella, Helcionelloida, Mollusca, lower Cambrian (Cambrian Series 2), North America. ATKINS,C.J.&PEEL, J.S. 2008. Yochelcionella (Mollusca, Helcionelloida) from the lower Cambrian of North America. Bulletin of Geosciences 83(1), 23–38 (8 figures). Czech Geological Survey, Prague. ISSN 1214-1119. Manuscript re- ceived September 26, 2007; accepted in revised form January, 10, 2008; issued March 31, 2008. Christian J. Atkins, Department of Earth Sciences (Palaeobiology), Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden; [email protected] • John S. Peel, Department of Earth Sciences (Palaeobiology) and Mu- seum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden; [email protected] A fossil referable to the helcionelloid mollusc Yochelcio- there is debate about its precise function and the orienta- nella Runnegar & Pojeta, 1974 was illustrated by Walcott tion of the shell.
    [Show full text]
  • Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
    SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIOXS. 227 AEEANGEMENT FAMILIES OF MOLLUSKS. PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BY THEODORE GILL, M. D., Ph.D. WASHINGTON: PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, FEBRUARY, 1871. ^^1 I ADVERTISEMENT. The following list has been prepared by Dr. Theodore Gill, at the request of the Smithsonian Institution, for the purpose of facilitating the arrangement and classification of the Mollusks and Shells of the National Museum ; and as frequent applica- tions for such a list have been received by the Institution, it has been thought advisable to publish it for more extended use. JOSEPH HENRY, Secretary S. I. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, January, 1871 ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION, FEBRUARY 28, 1870. (iii ) CONTENTS. VI PAGE Order 17. Monomyaria . 21 " 18. Rudista , 22 Sub-Branch Molluscoidea . 23 Class Tunicata , 23 Order 19. Saccobranchia . 23 " 20. Dactjlobranchia , 24 " 21. Taeniobranchia , 24 " 22. Larvalia , 24 Class Braehiopoda . 25 Order 23. Arthropomata , 25 " . 24. Lyopomata , 26 Class Polyzoa .... 27 Order 25. Phylactolsemata . 27 " 26. Gymnolseraata . 27 " 27. Rhabdopleurse 30 III. List op Authors referred to 31 IV. Index 45 OTRODUCTIO^. OBJECTS. The want of a complete and consistent list of the principal subdivisions of the mollusks having been experienced for some time, and such a list being at length imperatively needed for the arrangement of the collections of the Smithsonian Institution, the present arrangement has been compiled for that purpose. It must be considered simply as a provisional list, embracing the results of the most recent and approved researches into the systematic relations and anatomy of those animals, but from which innova- tions and peculiar views, affecting materially the classification, have been excluded.
    [Show full text]
  • Ciencia En Familia: El Uso De Las Especies Del Género Gibberula Swainson, 1840 (Gastropoda: Cystiscidae), Como Recurso Docente En La Isla De Sal, Cabo Verde
    Avicennia 26: 55-62, 2020 Avicennia © 2020 Avicennia y autores Revista de Biodiversidad Tropical ISNN 1134 - 1785 (www.avicennia.es) Ciencia en Familia: El uso de las especies del género Gibberula Swainson, 1840 (Gastropoda: Cystiscidae), como recurso docente en la isla de Sal, Cabo Verde. Jesús Ortea1, Leopoldo Moro2 & José Espinosa3 1 Departamento BOS, Universidad de Oviedo, Asturias, España 2 Servicio de Biodiversidad, Gobierno de Canarias, S/Cruz de Tenerife, islas Canarias, España. 3 Instituto de Ciencias del Mar, Calle Loma # 14, entre 35 y 37, Plaza de la Revolución, La Habana, Cuba. Resumen: Utilizando animales vivos de distintas especies del género Gibberula, unas ya conocidas y otras no, se explica a los escolares caboverdianos de la isla de Sal la riqueza de su biodiversidad marina y se les invita a participar en la descripción de Abstractuna nueva :especie Using live proponiendo animals of sudifferent epíteto species específico. of the Gibberula genus, some known and others not, Cape Verdean school- children from the island of Sal are explained about the richness of their marine biodiversity and are invited to participate in the description Mollusca, of a new Cystiscidae, species proposing Gibberula its, new specific species, epithet Sal .Island, Cabo Verde Archipelago, teaching activity.. Key Words: Acercar la ciencia que practicamos a la sociedad que destos que sean, es la docencia en estado puro, abierta y nos recibe, es una de las actividades que ponemos en desinteresada, de la que pueden o no surgir vocaciones práctica en la mayoría de las expediciones en terceros en el futuro y de la que siempre quedara un buen recuer- países en las que participamos, lo hicimos durante las do para los participantes.
    [Show full text]
  • The Functional Morphology of the Cambrian Univalved Mollusks— Helcionellids
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236216830 The Functional Morphology of the Cambrian Univalved Mollusks— Helcionellids. 1 Article in Paleontological Journal · July 2000 CITATIONS READS 29 411 1 author: Pavel Parkhaev Russian Academy of Sciences 85 PUBLICATIONS 1,150 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Worldwide Cambrian molluscan fauna View project All content following this page was uploaded by Pavel Parkhaev on 29 May 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Paleontological Journal, Vol. 34, No. 4, 2000, pp. 392–399. Translated from Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal, No. 4, 2000, pp. 32–39. Original Russian Text Copyright © 2000 by Parkhaev. English Translation Copyright © 2000 by åÄIä “Nauka /Interperiodica” (Russia). The Functional Morphology of the Cambrian Univalved Mollusks—Helcionellids. 1 P. Yu. Parkhaev Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Profsoyuznaya 123, Moscow, 117868 Russia Received October 21, 1998 Abstract—The soft-body anatomy of helcionellids is reconstructed on the basis of a morphofunctional analy- ses of their shells. Evidently, two systems for the internal organization of helcionellids are possible: the first corresponds to that of the gastropodian class; the second, to that of the monoplacophorian. INTRODUCTION maximum number of analogies and the least number of contradictions with recent animals. Intensive study of the Cambrian fauna and stratigra- phy during recent decades shows us a diverse biota of Helcionellids were common elements of the mala- this geological period. Mollusks are well represented cofauna in the Early–Middle Cambrian and achieved a among the numerous newly described taxa in a variety rather high taxonomic diversity in comparison with of groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Chec List Marine and Coastal Biodiversity of Oaxaca, Mexico
    Check List 9(2): 329–390, 2013 © 2013 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution ǡ PECIES * S ǤǦ ǡÀ ÀǦǡ Ǧ ǡ OF ×±×Ǧ±ǡ ÀǦǡ Ǧ ǡ ISTS María Torres-Huerta, Alberto Montoya-Márquez and Norma A. Barrientos-Luján L ǡ ǡǡǡǤͶ͹ǡ͹ͲͻͲʹǡǡ ǡ ȗ ǤǦǣ[email protected] ćĘęėĆĈęǣ ϐ Ǣ ǡǡ ϐǤǡ ǤǣͳȌ ǢʹȌ Ǥͳͻͺ ǯϐ ʹǡͳͷ͹ ǡͳͷ ȋǡȌǤǡϐ ǡ Ǥǡϐ Ǣ ǡʹͶʹȋͳͳǤʹΨȌ ǡ groups (annelids, crustaceans and mollusks) represent about 44.0% (949 species) of all species recorded, while the ͹͸ʹ ȋ͵ͷǤ͵ΨȌǤǡ not yet been recorded on the Oaxaca coast, including some platyhelminthes, rotifers, nematodes, oligochaetes, sipunculids, echiurans, tardigrades, pycnogonids, some crustaceans, brachiopods, chaetognaths, ascidians and cephalochordates. The ϐϐǢ Ǥ ēęėĔĉĚĈęĎĔē Madrigal and Andreu-Sánchez 2010; Jarquín-González The state of Oaxaca in southern Mexico (Figure 1) is and García-Madrigal 2010), mollusks (Rodríguez-Palacios known to harbor the highest continental faunistic and et al. 1988; Holguín-Quiñones and González-Pedraza ϐ ȋ Ǧ± et al. 1989; de León-Herrera 2000; Ramírez-González and ʹͲͲͶȌǤ Ǧ Barrientos-Luján 2007; Zamorano et al. 2008, 2010; Ríos- ǡ Jara et al. 2009; Reyes-Gómez et al. 2010), echinoderms (Benítez-Villalobos 2001; Zamorano et al. 2006; Benítez- ϐ Villalobos et alǤʹͲͲͺȌǡϐȋͳͻ͹ͻǢǦ Ǥ ǡ 1982; Tapia-García et alǤ ͳͻͻͷǢ ͳͻͻͺǢ Ǧ ϐ (cf. García-Mendoza et al. 2004). ǡ ǡ studies among taxonomic groups are not homogeneous: longer than others. Some of the main taxonomic groups ȋ ÀʹͲͲʹǢǦʹͲͲ͵ǢǦet al.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article the Continuing Debate on Deep Molluscan Phylogeny: Evidence for Serialia (Mollusca, Monoplacophora + Polyplacophora)
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation BioMed Research International Volume 2013, Article ID 407072, 18 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/407072 Research Article The Continuing Debate on Deep Molluscan Phylogeny: Evidence for Serialia (Mollusca, Monoplacophora + Polyplacophora) I. Stöger,1,2 J. D. Sigwart,3 Y. Kano,4 T. Knebelsberger,5 B. A. Marshall,6 E. Schwabe,1,2 and M. Schrödl1,2 1 SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Munchhausenstraße¨ 21, 81247 Munich, Germany 2 Faculty of Biology, Department II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat¨ Munchen,¨ Großhaderner Straße 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany 3 Queen’s University Belfast, School of Biological Sciences, Marine Laboratory, 12-13 The Strand, Portaferry BT22 1PF, UK 4 Department of Marine Ecosystems Dynamics, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564, Japan 5 Senckenberg Research Institute, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research (DZMB), Sudstrand¨ 44, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany 6 Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, P.O. Box 467, Wellington, New Zealand Correspondence should be addressed to M. Schrodl;¨ [email protected] Received 1 March 2013; Revised 8 August 2013; Accepted 23 August 2013 Academic Editor: Dietmar Quandt Copyright © 2013 I. Stoger¨ et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Molluscs are a diverse animal phylum with a formidable fossil record. Although there is little doubt about the monophyly of the eight extant classes, relationships between these groups are controversial. We analysed a comprehensive multilocus molecular data set for molluscs, the first to include multiple species from all classes, including five monoplacophorans in both extant families.
    [Show full text]
  • Documents Félix A
    Click Here & Upgrade Expanded Features PDF Unlimited Pages CompleteDocuments Félix A. Grana Raffucci. Junio, 2007. NOMENCLATURA DE LOS ORGANISMOS ACUÁTICOS Y MARINOS DE PUERTO RICO E ISLAS VÍRGENES. Volumen 4: Moluscos de Puerto Rico e Islas Vírgenes. Parte 3. Clase Gastropoda Órden Caenogastropoda Familias Eulimidae a Conidae Click Here & Upgrade Expanded Features PDF Unlimited Pages CompleteDocuments CLAVE DE COMENTARIOS: M= organismo reportado de ambientes marinos E= organismo reportado de ambientes estuarinos D= organismo reportado de ambientes dulceacuícolas int= organismo reportado de ambientes intermareales T= organismo reportado de ambientes terrestres L= organismo pelágico B= organismo bentónico P= organismo parasítico en alguna etapa de su vida F= organismo de valor pesquero Q= organismo de interés para el acuarismo A= organismo de interés para artesanías u orfebrería I= especie exótica introducida p=organismo reportado específicamente en Puerto Rico u= organismo reportado específicamente en las Islas Vírgenes de Estados Unidos b= organismo reportado específicamente en las Islas Vírgenes Británicas números= profundidades, en metros, en las que se ha reportado la especie Click Here & Upgrade Expanded Features PDF Unlimited Pages CompleteDocuments INDICE DE FAMILIAS EN ESTE VOLUMEN Aclididae Aclis Buccinidae Antillophos Bailya Belomitra Colubraria Engina Engoniophos Manaria Monostiolum Muricantharus Parviphos Pisania Pollia Cerithiopsidae Cerithiopsis Horologica Retilaskeya Seila Cancellariidae Agatrix Cancellaria Trigonostoma
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Tropical Marine Micromolluscs: an Overwhelming Bias
    diversity Review Australian Tropical Marine Micromolluscs: An Overwhelming Bias Peter U. Middelfart 1, Lisa A. Kirkendale 1,2,* and Nerida G. Wilson 1,3 1 Department of Aquatic Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC, WA 6986, Australia; [email protected] (P.U.M.); [email protected] (N.G.W.) 2 School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia 3 School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-08-9212-3747 Academic Editor: Michael Wink Received: 26 April 2016; Accepted: 26 July 2016; Published: 2 August 2016 Abstract: Assessing the marine biodiversity of the tropics can be overwhelming, especially for the Mollusca, one of the largest marine phyla in the sea. With a diversity that can exceed macrofaunal richness in many groups, the micro/meiofaunal component is one of most overlooked biotas in surveys due to the time-consuming nature of collecting, sorting, and identifying this assemblage. We review trends in micromollusc research highlighting the Australian perspective that reveals a dwindling taxonomic effort through time and discuss pervasive obstacles of relevance to the taxonomy of micromolluscs globally. Since a high during the 1970s, followed by a smaller peak in 2000, in 2010 we observe a low in micromolluscan collection activity in Australia not seen since the 1930s. Although challenging, considered planning at each step of the species identification pathway can reduce barriers to micromolluscan research (e.g., role of types, dedicated sampling, integration of microscopy and genetic methods).
    [Show full text]
  • 44-Sep-2016.Pdf
    Page 2 Vol. 44, No. 3 In 1972, a group of shell collectors saw the need for a national organization devoted to the interests of shell collec- tors; to the beauty of shells, to their scientific aspects, and to the collecting and preservation of mollusks. This was the start of COA. Our member- AMERICAN CONCHOLOGIST, the official publication of the Conchol- ship includes novices, advanced collectors, scientists, and shell dealers ogists of America, Inc., and issued as part of membership dues, is published from around the world. In 1995, COA adopted a conservation resolution: quarterly in March, June, September, and December, printed by JOHNSON Whereas there are an estimated 100,000 species of living mollusks, many PRESS OF AMERICA, INC. (JPA), 800 N. Court St., P.O. Box 592, Pontiac, IL 61764. All correspondence should go to the Editor. ISSN 1072-2440. of great economic, ecological, and cultural importance to humans and Articles in AMERICAN CONCHOLOGIST may be reproduced with whereas habitat destruction and commercial fisheries have had serious ef- proper credit. We solicit comments, letters, and articles of interest to shell fects on mollusk populations worldwide, and whereas modern conchology collectors, subject to editing. Opinions expressed in “signed” articles are continues the tradition of amateur naturalists exploring and documenting those of the authors, and are not necessarily the opinions of Conchologists the natural world, be it resolved that the Conchologists of America endors- of America. All correspondence pertaining to articles published herein es responsible scientific collecting as a means of monitoring the status of or generated by reproduction of said articles should be directed to the Edi- mollusk species and populations and promoting informed decision making tor.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Mollusks of Bahía Málaga, Colombia (Tropical Eastern Pacific)
    10TH ANNIVERSARY ISSUE Check List the journal of biodiversity data LISTS OF SPECIES Check List 11(1): 1497, January 2015 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/11.1.1497 ISSN 1809-127X © 2015 Check List and Authors Marine mollusks of Bahía Málaga, Colombia (Tropical Eastern Pacific) Luz Ángela López de Mesa1* and Jaime R. Cantera2 1 Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Biology, 6300 Ocean Dr. CS 239 annex, Corpus Christi, TX, USA 2 Universidad del Valle, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Calle 13 # 100-00, Cali, Colombia * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: A checklist of mollusks reported in Bahía Málaga hence high biodiversity. Its littoral zone, with an area of 136 (Valle del Cauca, Colombia) was developed through recent km2, is composed of different ecosystems, such as rocky and samplings in the zone (2004–2012), together with bibliograph- sandy shores, muddy flats, and mangrove forests (Cantera ic and museums’ collections reviews. Species’ distributions 1991). in Bahía Málaga were established through 18 different sub- Rocky shores in Bahía Málaga may consist of cliffs and/or regions, which included the inner, middle and outer zones of boulders. The range in the size and texture of the particles the bay. A revision of the western American distribution for present in the rocky shores allow for a variety of microhabi- the species was also carried out. A total of 426 species were tats, making it a very diverse ecosystem (INVEMAR et al. found, of which 44 were new reports for the Colombian Pacific 2007). Sandy beaches consist of very fine particles that may coast.
    [Show full text]
  • From the Tuamotu Archipelago
    A. Wakefield & T. McCleery NOVAPEX 6(1-2): 19-30, 10 mars 2005 Three new species of Cystiscus Stimpson, 1865 (Gastropoda: Cystiscidae) from the Tuamotu Archipelago Andrew WAKEFIELD 14 Forest Side, Buckhurst Hill, Essex, IG9 SSL, U.K. Tony McCLEERY The Moat House, Fort Road, St Peter Port, Guemsey, GYl IZU, CL KEYWORDS. Cystiscidae, Cystiscus, Tuamotu Archipelago, new species. ABSTRACT. Three new species oî Cystiscus (Stimpson, 1865) are described from upper reef substrates of the Tuamotu's. Thèse are Cystiscus carinifer n. sp., C mosaica n. sp. and C nebulosa n. sp., and their study is based upon the material and data accumulated during two private expéditions to the région undertaken by the second author in 2001 and 2003. Information on the variability of the animal and radula of each species within their respective populations, and discussion of microhabitats and other field observations are provided. Thèse are the first records of the group Chthe/Cystiscus from this part of French Polynesia. and the likelihood of the existence of more species in the région is considered to be high since it is generally accepted that the diversity of the group is underestimated in most locations. It is considered that similarities in pattems of animal chromatism, shel! morphology, and radular morphometry show potential for enabling similar species within the group Crithe/Cystiscus to be associated together into subgroups. However, the overall taxonomic reorganisation and subdivision of the gênera Crithe and Cystiscus at this time is considered to be prématuré and too problematic given the current poor understanding of the extent of their global diversity and variability.
    [Show full text]