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SITUATION ANALYSIS REPORT FOR INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (ISWM) IN SHAKARGARH

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Objective ………………………………………………….. 1 1.2 Background ………………………………………………. 1 1.3 Scope of the Assignment .………………………………. 2 1.4 Approach & Methodology ………………………………... 2

2.0 General Description of City 2.1 Location …………………………………………..………... 4 2.2 General Information …………………………………..…... 4 2.3 Population …………………………………..…...... 4

3.0 SITUATION ANALYSIS 3.1 Solid Waste Generation ………………………………….. 6 3.2 Primary Collection ………………………………………… 7 3.3 Secondary Collection …………………………………….. 8 3.4 Final Disposal ……………………………………………… 9 3.5 Safety and Environment ………………………………….. 10 3.6 Operation & Maintenance.……………………………….. 11 3.7 Financial Analysis ………………………………………….. 12 3.8 Human Resource Development …………………………… 13 3.9 Citizen Complaints Registration & Resolution …………… 15 3.10 General Public Opinion …………………………………….. 16

4.0 RECOMMENDATIONAS & WAY FORWARD ………………………….. 18

ANNEXURE - I ANNEXURE – II SWM GIS Map

2 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT – INTRODUCTION

1.1 Objective

Chief Minister Punjab, Mian Muhammad Shahbaz Sharif is very conscious about the proper solid waste management system and is keen to see "Litter Free Punjab" in the forthcoming years. In this connection, the Government of Punjab is going to implement a solid waste management initiative in certain group of TMAs. The Purpose of this initiative is to develop effective solid waste management plans for TMAs which have adequate machinery to a certain extent. In the regard, it has been decided to gather the information regarding resource availability with TMAs for conducting detailed situation analysis in solid waste management sector.

1.2 Background

Solid Waste Management is a major environment and health hazard in the urban areas of . Cities economies are fast growing, business activity and consumption patterns are driving up solid waste quantities. In Pakistan the collection of waste is sporadic and the disposal is poor. Despite the fact that solid waste services represent the single largest expenditure item, less than 50 percent of the waste generated is collected; and is mostly disposed at dumpsites or roadsides. Additionally, recent history has shown that lifestyle is changing at a brisk pace in the city. Due to changing lifestyles and consumption habits, SWM has been increasingly recognized as one of the major environmental issue in the city.

The rapid growth of many small to medium sized towns in Punjab is causing unprecedented deterioration in the ecosystem. It is also placing enormous pressure on the capacity of these towns to provide adequate Solid Waste Management (SWM) services for their increasing populations. Chief Ministers Chief Minister's Special Initiative on Solid Waste Management is an initiative that seeks to address SWM challenges of these towns. The objectives of the exercise is to address SWM investments in these urban centres and build institutional and human resource capacities at local and regional levels for the sustainability of SWM services to reduce the environmental impact of urbanization. The initiative has a number of components including solid waste management (SWM) which seeks to minimize negative environmental and health impacts associated with poor solid waste management. The strategy is to provide 1) sustainable solid waste management system/interventions for each focal town, capable of collecting, transporting, treating and safely dispose what ultimately remains as waste 2) Capacity Building and Training component which seeks to ensure effective delivery of capital investment and long term

1 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH 1.3 Scope of the Assignment

The overarching objective of the project is to assist the cities in implementing a solid waste management intervention by developing a coherent model ISWM system in a medium-sized city, but replicable in the other cities of Pakistan. Capacity building is a second key objective that will help the provincial and local governments to move away from the present ad-hoc investments to strategic and sustainable development of their SWM sector in Pakistan.

The report includes a Situation analysis of the current situation of the city’s SWM system approaching it from technical, institutional, and finance perspectives, identifying economic, social, environmental, and governance issues and opportunities. The opportunity for private provision of SWM services is identified in the report and will be covered in more detail in the blueprint. A detailed gap analysis follows from the analysis. Finally, an action plan is suggested on two levels i,e short term 6 months and for next one year.

1.4 Approach & Methodology

PMDFC developed a proactive approach to develop the SWM Action Plans under the guidance of Local Government & Community Development Department (LG & CCD). Detailed brain storming sessions were held between them and consensus was evolved to undertake the rapid assessment of solid waste management of 63 TMAs. These 63 TMAs were selected from 105 TMAs excluding City District Government (CDGs). Those TMAs were selected that have adequate number of SWM collection machinery. A team of surveyors who were recently trained by Urban Unit, P&D Department were briefed by PMDFC officials and in data collection workshop held in Local Government Board office.

In the field secondary agency data was collected from TMAs by the surveyor about TMA institution, human resource, machinery, SWM primary Collection, Secondary Collection, Final disposal sites, Financials, parking areas etc on prescribed data collection formats developed by PMDFC. Qualitative information along with pictures was also collected in detail about quality of SWM service provided at each solid waste step. In addition, citizen response and public perception about TMA service was also gauged. Field SWM data was collected by surveyors and sent back to PMDFC. After field data collection exercise data was cleaned arranged and analyzed by PMDFC. GIS maps were developed for analysis. Main approach was identifying existing capacity of cities,

2 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH identifying gaps and develops recommendations. Following process was adopted in this assignment:

Flow Chart

Shakargarh – Situation Analysis (Solid Waste Management)

Chief Minister’s Special Initiative on Solid Waste Management

Consultations/discussions between LG&CDD and PMDFC

Decision about devising

Action Plans for SWM in cities

Situation Analysis

Development Training Analysis of of Data Data cleaning Development workshop of different of coverage Collection and analysis surveyors components Maps Formats

SWM Situation Analysis Reports

Way Forward: Implementation of recommendation devised on the basis of city Situation Analysis

3 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT – GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF CITY

2.1 Location

It is located at 32°16'0N and 75°10'0E. It is situated in the north-east of District. The nearest big cities are and Narowal.

2.2 General Information

Shakargarh was the gateway of Mughals entering Gordaspur and going to Delhi. Shakargarh is also the gateway to Kashmir and regarded as the rest point for travelers. The town contains the tomb of Hazrat Khawaja Abdul Salam Chisti. He converted a large number of Hindus and Sikhs to Islam before independence. His tomb is situated west bank of River Ravi that is a historical place.

Before the independence of Pakistan, Shakargarh town was the headquarters of Shakargarh Tehsil, which formed part of (now in ). Under the Radcliffe Award, Shakargarh tehsil was transferred to Pakistan and attached with . However with the creation of on 1 July 1991, Shakargarh became tehsil headquarters included as one of its tehsils.

2.3 Population

The Shakargarh has population growth rate of 4.13 % as per 1998 Population Census, which is quiet similar to the provincial average. The population of Town was 50,747 individuals in 1998, and is currently estimated at 93,121 individuals. Given the population growth rate and using 1998 as the base year for arithmetic growth method estimation, the population of town is likely to increase to 209,202 individuals in 20 years from now (year 2033).

4 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH Town's Population Projection

YEAR 1998 2013 2018 2023 2028 2033 POPULATION 50,747 93,121 114,006 139,575 170,878 209,202

250000

200000 209,202

150000 170,878 Year 139,575 Projected Population 100000 114,006 93,121 50000

0 2013 2018 2023 2028 2033

Projected Population

5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT – SITUATION ANALYSIS

3.1. Solid Waste Generation

Given current estimated population parameters and national per capita solid waste standards, Shakargarh currently generates about 37.25 tons of municipal solid waste daily, and is estimated to have a yearly volume of 13596 tons. In absence of a proper solid waste management system and data non availability, such estimates and calculations are based upon current population X 0.4 kg/capita/day solid waste produced. Solid waste generation in Pakistan ranges between 0.283 to 0.612 kg/capita/day (http://epd.punjab.gov.pk/?q=solid_waste), therefore waste generation for Shakargarh is assumed around 0.4 kg/capita/day.

Due to its population growth and increase in its economic Current Per capita waste generation is 0.4 kg per activity, Shakargarh’s daily generation is destined to accelerate capital, which is likely to to about 63.84 tons per day (23302 tons per year) by 2023 using increase by 1.5% every year. 0.457 kg/capita/day, and then to about 111.04 tons daily ( 40530 The future estimations and projections are based on a tons per year) by 2033 using 0.531 kg/capita/day as shown in compound method. graph. This is a massive amount of municipal waste for Shakargarh. In future this may prove catastrophic, until a plan is devised and implemented at the earliest to cater for this waste. YEAR 2013 2018 2023 2028 2033 Waste 37.25 tons 48.40 tons 63.84 tons 84.19 tons 111.04 tons Generation/day

Waste generation/ day 120

100

80

60 Waste generation/ day 40

20

0 2010 2020 2030 2040

6 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH 3.2 Primary Collection

The primary collection is accomplished by sanitary workers those carry out sweeping of streets and roads and collect the solid waste from small heaps with the help of brooms, wheel barrows etc. and store at permanent and temporary collection points. Twenty percent of localities in Shakargarh are fully served; fifteen percent are partially served while sixty percent remaining are not served. Most roads in the city are being manually swept daily and are clean. As per standards TMA has in-sufficient sanitary workers i.e. 60 sanitary workers (need 116 as per standard). Sanitary workers were not wearing safety equipment. No private sector was involved in primary collection.

Primary Collection - Situation Analysis Matrix Target Indicators Existing Situation Gap June, 2014 June, 2015 Door-to-door None 100% Initiate in one UC Expand it to 50 % of city Primary SWM 25 % Fully served,15 % 75 % Fully served 40 % Fuly Served 60 % Fully Served Coverage* each day in Partially Served, 60 un- areas Areas localities served Primary collection 50 Hand Carts Sufficient hand carts for Procure 25 hand Procure additional equipment present sanitary carts hand carts as per workers but need more need as efficiency increases Primary SWM 80 % roads are 20 % additional roads 100 % roads 50 % of roads Coverage** each day in manually swept daily Roads need manual covered, Develop Mechenically Roads sweeping, Main roads Plan for Mechanical swept need to be sweeping, Procure mechanically swept mechanical sweeper

Primary Collection 60 Sanitary workers Need addition 56 Hire 56 additional Staff*** sanitary workers as 116 sanitary workers, are needed as per Develop and standard* implement human resourse deployment plan on GIS map Private Sector Primary Not Avaliable No Private sector Initiate a pilot in one Expand it to 50 % Collection involvement in Primary UC of city Collection * Coverage means TMA sanitary staff are sweeping& collecting waste from these areas daily (fully served), Partial Coverage means areas being served occasionally and not covered means these areas don’t have any service

** Road Coverage means percentage of roads TMA sanitary staff are sweeping daily

*** 1 sanitary work er for 800 consumers (8 sanitary work ers are muslims)

7 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH 3.3 Secondary Collection The secondary collection is accomplished through five (5) tractors (1 in bad condition) and 3 trolleys. Secondary collection machinery is sufficient for Shakargarh (see Annex -1). Shakargarh 10 steel containers and 8 open heaps scattered all over city and their location keeps on changing. Collection from most of these collection points is being done on daily basis. Collection efficiency is 61 % which is low. TMA also has to collect wastes from debris-demolition of building structures; Hospital wastes (twice a week); Slaughter Houses wastes; Vegetable market; Dead animals etc. and those are mixed with municipal waste. Most of scavenging is being done at secondary collection points but exact data of scavenging and for other hazardous wastes is not available with TMA.

Secondary Collection - Situation Analysis Matrix Target Indicators Existing Situation Gap June, 2014 June, 2015 Collection Efficiency 61%* 39% 75 % Collection 85 % Collection Efficiency Efficiency Secondry Collection 10 steel skips, 8 Open Steel containers to 50 % open heaps Procure addional Points collection points** replace open collection replaced by steel containers as points additional covered per requirement steel containers Secondary collection 5 tractors, 3 tractor- 1 tractor is old and need Procure container Procure additional machinery trolleys, 1 water replacement, procure 2 carrier and 2 trollys, steel containers as bouser** trolleys, Need container 1 tractor is old and per need carrier need replacement, Develop secondary collection route analysis Cover all transport Waste transported in Don’t have covered Need temporary covers vehicles with covered vehicles Transportaion vehicles for transport vahicles temporary covers Slaughter Mixed with municipal Need to segregate and Segregate slaughter Plan for regional house/Hospital/Hazardo waste dispose these wastes house and hospistal hospital and us waste from municipal waste waste and dispose hazardous waste slaughter house collection and waste separately, disposal ask hospitals to mechanism dispose their waste in an environmentally safe method Private Sector involved Not Avaliable No Private sector Initiate a pilot in one Private secondary in Secondary Collection involvement in UC waste collection in Secondary Collection 50 % of city * TMA Information ** Shown in GIS Map **Machinery Details in Annex-1

8 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH 3.4 Final Disposal

In Shakargarh the disposal of solid waste is mainly done in the form of Open dumping at Nallah Baid, Ikhlas Pur Road (10 acre area)y (See GIS Map). This open dumping is creating total in- sanitary & unhygienic conditions, degrading the environment of the town, emitting obnoxious smells and providing breeding for mosquitoes and flies. Citizens complain about this dumping but presently, TMA has no other option for final disposal. Options for final disposal including composting for organic materials, regional based incinerators or regional land filling options must be explored.

Final Disposal - Situation Analysis Matrix Target Indicators Existing Situation Gap June, 2014 June, 2015 Final Disposal Open dumping at Nallah No proper final disposal Identify final disposal Identify regional Baid, Ikhlas Pur Road option options and choose final disposal (10 acre area)* the most appropriate options including one for the city incineration, land filling etc. Burning of waste at Not seen on existing _ _ _ dumping/land fill site dumping site Private Sector involved Not Avaliable No Private sector Initiate a pilot in one Private final in Final Disposal involvement in Final UC disposal for 50 % Disposal of city waste * Shown in GIS Map

9 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH 3.5 Safety & Social Safeguards

As shown in below matrix TMA Shakargarh doesn’t follow any of the recommended social & safety procedures. Also, no periodic medical check-ups or immunizations against tetanus and hepatitis are available to sanitary staff.

Social & Safety -Situation Analysis Matrix

S. Safety & Social Measures Yes No NO

1 Sanitary workers wearing protective clothes, boots, and gloves ?   2 Safety Gloves, masks, safety boots for primary collection being followed?

 Any arrangement for collection of domestic chemical waste and waste with high heavy metal content, such as batteries, broken thermometers, and 3 infectious and other toxic health care wastes.

 At waste disposal sites, facemasks or simple scarves wrapped around the 4 face are being used?  5 Access to showers and cleaning facilities after their work shift?  6 Immunizing against tetanus and hepatitis B.  7 Periodic medical examinations or screening for sanitary workers?  8 Any training for safety received through TMA?

10 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH 3.6 Operations & Maintenance

SWM machinery is being parked near TMA office on temporary basis. It doesn’t have proper garage or shades for the machinery. TMA Shakargarh doesn’t have a workshop for its machinery. They do not have any arrangement to repair the machinery. Machinery is repaired through ad-hoc basis and on demand from any local shop. This results in delay in repairs and loss in efficiency.

Operation & Maintenance - Situation Analysis Matrix Sr. Standards Situation Analysis #

TMA doesn’t have a Workshop

Local Contractor (Registered with Yes NO 1 TMA/Not Registered) 

Yes NO 2 Agreement with Local Contractor? 

Yes NO 3 Piece-meal arrangement? 

Outside City (which city repairs are Cities Close-by Cities Far off 4 made) Narowal

11 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH 3.7 Financial Analysis

Over the Period of last three years and current budgetary allocations depicts that TMA Shakargarh did not commit any expenditure on Rs. in Million development projects and total budget consists Development Non Development of non development expenditures only. Moreover, it is also noted that major chunk of this non development outlay is on 20.09 12.25 establishment head only. Effective O&M 7.83 9.70 0 0 0 0 framework needs to be developed to utilize the POL and R&M allocation efficently. 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 The detail of expenditures sector wise is given as under:

*Expenditure SWM (Rs. In Millions) Actual Actual Actual Budgeted Sub-Head 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 (Million) (Million) (Million) (Million) 7.01 8.29 9.64 15.89 Establishment 0.59 1.22 1.78 2.00 POL

Repair & Maintenance 0.23 0.14 0.33 1.00

Others/Miscellaneous 0.00 0.05 0.50 1.20

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Development 7.83 9.70 12.25 20.09 Total * Data Provided by Finance Section-TMA Shakargarh

Establishment POL Repair & Maintenance Others/Miscellaneous

89% 85% 78% 79%

15%

8% 10% 13% 3% 5% 0% 3% 1% 1% 4% 6%

2010 -11 2011 -12 2012 -13 2013 -14

12 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH 3.8 Human Resource Development

TMA Shakargarh is facing severe problem in collection and dumping of Solid Waste. Due to rapid increase in the population of the city in the coming years will also generate more solid waste which needs to be cater with proper human resource planning and other capital resources. TMA Shakargarh needs effective and efficient plans for proper disposal of increasing solid waste and dire need of trainings to the TMA relevant staff. Management Training Programs to improve solid waste management is highly neglected area in municipal sector. The Matrix below shows that higher management of TMA Shakargarh as well as other lower cadre officials has received training on Data Collection and Compilation on Solid Waste Management from PMDFC. Furthermore, trainings must be imparted on management of collection of solid waste, transportation and disposal to Landfill sites will result in improvement of collection and disposal of solid waste, enhancing efficiency of TMA and creating clean city, healthier and pollution free environment.

*Current Status of Trained staff in TMAs

No. of Level in the No. of Institute/ Last training trainings Course/ Subjects Organizations Staff Organization ( Month – year) received TMO 01 Nil - - - Data Collection & TO (I&S) 01 01 PMDFC 2012 Compilation Data Collection & Chief Officer 01 01 PMDFC 2012 Compilation Sanitary Data Collection & 01 01 PMDFC June 2011 Inspector Compilation Sanitary 03 Nil - - - Supervisor Sanitary Workers + 64 Nil - - - Drivers

*Information Provided by TMA Shakargarh Training Needed Main problems Way to impart Staff hindrance in their Required trainings training performance TMO Solid Waste Management, Project Management, Contract Management, • Should be a mix Lack of Technical Safety & Social Safeguards of hands on and TO (I&S) Expertise for Solid Waste Management, Project formal class collection and Management, Contract Management, room training as disposal of Solid Monitoring & Evaluation, Safety & per requirement Waste Social Safeguards • Experience Chief Officer Solid Waste Collection, Modern Sharing Techniques of Solid Waste Workshops Transportation and Disposal, Monitoring & Evaluation

13 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH Main problems Way to impart Staff hindrance in their Required trainings training performance Sanitary Solid Waste Collection, Disposal, Inspector (01) Handling of Machinery, Safety & Social Safeguards Sanitary Solid Waste Collection, Disposal, Supervisors Handling of Machinery, Health & (03) Safety Measures Sanitary Solid Waste Collection & Health Safety Workers (60) + Measures Drivers (04)

14 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH 3.9 Citizen Complaint Registration and Resolution

Complaint Cell has been functional in TMA Shakargarh since June 2011 for complaints registration, tracking and resolution. A separate designated room is available with designated Complaint Cell In charge where complaints are registered in the physical presence of complainant as well as telephonically. Land line number is also available in complaint cell. PMDFC assisted TMA in the establishment of Complaint cell and provided trainings and hardware support in this context. Initially, PMDFC provided standardized registers and later replaced these registers with desktop complaints software to register the complaints in a standardized form. Further PMDFC also introduced web based complaint software. Now the complaint record is available in a systematic manner. TMA Shakargarh resolved 90 % of complaints received on primary and secondary collection of solid waste during July – Nov 2013.

Registered complaints addressed by the TMA staff in comparatively less time through computerized application provide a unique feature of accountability available to the upper management. Complainant gets a unique number of his complaint that helps him to track his complaint. It is to be noted that all complaints are not registered specially received through telephone; most of these are resolved without keeping records. A shared room is being used as Complaint Cell due to non availability of space in the TMA building. Currently TMA is utilizing the computerized application and has fully adopted it in an effective manner. When complaint is registered, time of registration and resolution is also tracked by the computerized application.

It is likely to improve the oversight and monitoring of municipal service delivery which would result in the satisfaction of ultimate stakeholders i.e. citizens. Sr. # Standards Situational Analysis Proposed Action Room is not allotted but staff is A dedicated Room must Complaint Cell is functional with 1 working under Chief Officer be allotted for Complaint designated room and staff (HQ) Cell 2 Landline numbers functional Yes - Never any formal campaigns Regular awareness Awareness campaign (Banners, were launched by TMA. So, campaigns are required 3 Press releases and Media citizens are not properly aware to be launched time to campaign) of the Complaint Cell and time registration process. More training sessions 4 Complaint Cell staff trained Yes are required for Complaint Cell staff Monitoring from Higher Most of sanitation related 5 Complaint resolution ups may increase the complaints are resolved timely redressal officially Analysis of complaint data TMA is using the computerized Need fully adoption of 6 performed and regular reports application for registration & computerized generated tracking of complaints application by TMA

15 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH 3.10 General Public Opinion

Perceptions of citizens regarding solid waste management of TMAs have been captured by the following few attributes that can help in understanding the formation of Citizen’s perception about the situation of Solid Waste management in the City Jhelum, Focal Group discussions were made in the city in four different localities in the city and peoples’ responses were recorded as follows: Sr. Responses Attributes Perception # (%) 1 Does improvement in Solid Waste Disposal 1. Significantly Required 75% is required in the area? 2. Important but not significant 25% 2 What type of problems caused with adverse 1. Garbage Heaps 75% sanitation situation in y the city? 2. Don’t Know 25% 3 What is the present method of primary 1. Personally disposed house hold 100% collection of solid waste in the area? waste in Container / Bin placed by TMA 4 What is the present method of cleanliness of 1. Cleanliness by TMA Sanitary Worker 100% streets? 5 Are there any informal dumping points in the 1. No such dumping points are there in 50% neighborhood the neighborhood 2. Don’t Know 50% 6 What is best arrangement for improved solid 1. Only Government agency 25% waste disposal in the area 2. Both Government & Private 75% 7 Have any solid waste collection containers / 1. Yes too far 50% Litter bins been placed in the neighborhood? 2. No Containers/Bins have been 50% placed in the neighborhood 8 Are they paying for primary collection of 1 Never Paid 100% solid waste and cleanliness of streets? 9 Are they willing to pay for primary collection 1 Never Paid 100% of solid waste and cleanliness of streets to TMA? 10 If they are not willing to pay what are the 1 Lack of confidence on service 0% reasons? delivery by agency 11 What improvement of services expected, if 1 Solid waste collection on regular they have to pay to TMA basis 2 Availability of formal dumping points & cleanliness of streets 3 Cleanliness of streets on regular 100% basis 4 All of the above 12 For which purpose, they are willing to pay 1 Door to door solid waste collection on regular basis 2 Cleanliness of streets on regular basis 3 Cleanliness of streets 4 All of the above 100%

16 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH Sr. Responses Attributes Perception # (%) 13 What is the schedule of solid wastes 1. Alternate Day 100% collection in the area? 14 Complaints relating to Sanitation? Improper sweeping system i.e. worker work according to their will, workers dishonesty 15 Do you have any suggestions related to Proper monitoring of workers and provision of sanitation improvement? equipments.

According to general public opinion survey, improvement in the solid waste management is significantly required in the city. TMA is providing the services of primary collection and cleanliness of streets without getting any charges from the citizens. Citizens are still facing problems of odor and environmental pollution in the area due to garbage heaps, it means secondary collection of solid waste management requires improvement. Citizens are not paying for the services neither to private agency nor to government for cleaning of streets as well as collection of solid waste. They are even willing to pay to TMA if they provide services of solid waste collection, disposal and cleaning of streets etc. They also consider both Government and Private agency can bring improvement in the solid waste sector.

17 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT – RCOMMENDATION & WAY FORWARD

Activities Recommendations • Develop human resource deployment plan • Hire additional 56 sanitary workers • Increase primary SWM service to 40 % • Procure 25 Hand Carts Primary • Procure mechanical sweeper for road cleaning Collection • Initiate pilot based Door-to-Door primary collection in one UC • Study of waste characterization • Study possibility of private primary collection possibility

• Increase collection efficiency from 61 % to 75 % • Secondary waste collection points should be re-relocated as per actual needs on GIS maps Secondary • 1 tractor and 2 trolleys be repaired or replaced Collection • Procure additional covered steel containers, container carrier • Waste should be transported in covered trolleys • Study possibility of private secondary collection possibility • Avoid slaughter house/Hospital/Hazardous waste mixing with secondary waste

• Study final disposal options from land filling, regional land Final Disposal filling, incineration at regional level, composting of organic waste etc. • Finalize final disposal option • Human resource and machinery needs for final disposal option

• Develop a designated parking areas with adequate facilities for parking of SWM machinery Operation and • Have a contract with local service provider for TMA Maintenance machinery repair & maintenance • Develop a plan to develop a TMA Workshop having requisite facilities, equipment, skilled human resource management

• Procure protective equipment for sanitary staff • Develop procedures for collection, transportation and Safety and Social disposal of hazardous and slaughter house waste Safe Guard • Provide cleaning facilities to sanitary workers • Develop SOPs for immunization and periodic medical check- up of SWM staff • Provide safety & health training

18 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH Activities Recommendations • Need effective and efficient plans for proper disposal of increasing solid waste • Sanitation staff must meet the minimum set criteria as detailed in section No. 3.2 of this report • Training calendar should be approved to bridge up the HR capacity

Human Resource needs • Development Need to develop monitoring mechanism to track the progress of SWM staff • Need based trainings related to SWM sector should be provided to TOs, CO, sanitary supervisors and workers as detailed in section 3.8

• Need to focus on development projects, as currently no expenditures being incurred on SWM sector SWM-Financial • Effective O&M frame work is required to be developed to utilize POL

Analysis and R&M budget efficiently. • SWM establishment budget needs to be rationalized as per set criteria mentioned in section 3.2 of this report • 2% of the total SWM budget should be allocated for staff development i.e. trainings, incentives etc. • Budget document should clearly show SWM allocation in sub categories i.e. Establishment, R&M, POL and Development etc.

• 1 % of total SWM budget should be allocated on Public Awareness Way Forward campaigns

• Waste Characterization Studies (Sample TMAs) • Development of GIS based SWM Maps • Resource Management Plans • Human resource management plans (using GIS Maps) • Plans for Optimum use of existing Machinery (using GIS Maps) • Requisite Budgetary Allocations • Outsourcing for SWM systems • Procurement Plan • Plans for final disposal sites • Identification of final disposal options (land filling or regional land filling, regional incineration, composting etc.) • Acquiring of Lands for final disposal options • Sustainability Plans • Trainings • Development of Training Modules • Training for various tiers of TMA officials • Public Awareness Plans • Occupational Health and safety Plan • Environment and social management Plans • Operation & Maintenance Plans • Monitoring and Evaluation Framework • Periodic data analysis to highlight the gaps in terms of taking required corrective measures

19 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH Annex-1

Following information was collected from TMA Shakargarh through data collection forms.

Tools & Equipment

Numbers available Sr. No. Description Total Out of order Working 1 50 - 50 Wheel barrows/hand carts 2 10 - 10 Steel containers (open)

3 Tractor trolleys (auto 3 - 3 unloading) 4 1 - 1 Water Bouzer

Machinery Details

Make ( Model/Year of Condition Condition Condition Tractors manufacture of Body of Engine of Tyres Tractor 240 1980 Bad Bad Normal Tractor260 2002 Fair Fair Bad Tractor 260 2010 Good Good Good Tractor 385 2010 Good Good Bad Tractor 385 2010 Good Good Bad Make (Horse Power)/ Condition Condition Condition Trolleys Model/Year of of Body of Engine of Tyres manufacture Trolley 1 1999-2000 Bad Bad Trolley 2 2005-2006 Bad Good Trolley 3 2005-2006 Bad Good

20 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH Annex-2

Primary Collection Secondary Collection

Garbage Heaps Secondary Collection

Roads after Sweeping Primary Collection

21 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH

22 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - SHAKARGARH