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11-2018 The Pacific Sentinel, November 2018

Portland State University. Student Publications Board

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This Book is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Pacific Sentinel by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Volume IV Issue I November 2018

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14 1 EXA..\ II ~ I ~G K.\\'A:\'Al"G II S RECORD A Campus Odditiy His Past Rulings Could Predict Our by Shane johnson Nation's Future by Margo Craig 6 26 \LL T. \ \I 'I \\T \TT ld I.I .ED BY C. \)1 Pt ·s PO Ll (' E: Taaj Hudson, A PSU Student Who 17 # DIS.\H.\IPSl" HESPO .'IDS Moonlights as A Rapper/Producer, Talks ASSJ~ATJO:\' ~ATIO~ ASKS: A good guy with a gun was killed Music and Openi ng For Jay Rock Are You Okay With Being Triggered? by another good guy with a gun By Shane johnso n by Sydney McBee by jake johnson

8 1 34 PHESIDE \T TIU.\IP S \IID'II<.IIT 18 P.\I.ESTI \1.\\ Fll.\1 FEST I\ .\ L by Cory Elia '' 'II<, I IT< \P'' S \ 'ID\\"1 ( II J IT REALLY J CST .\ FA:\'T.\SY? by Aurora Mak Why We Need To Start Thinking Critically About Porn by Daniel f. Nickolas 10 36 CO 'I\ E HSI O 'I Til E H.\PY: PSl" BOHED OF DI STHl"S'I" 1 IT S TDI E TO S \ Y \0 20 by G. ]. Schneider by M W BELIEVE I ~ O~IET i li~G,

1 00~ 1' J vST Bt;Y IT by Van Vanderwall 12 38 DIS.\H\11'1<; TilE .\I0\1-:\IE'IT \ IO LE'IT .\lO B HIOTS SilO\\ Sl .PPO HT How Disarm PSU Can Make a Real 23 FO H 1..\\\ \\D O HDE H Di ffe rence SII OCK & HES I STA~CE L'i PCEHTO HICO Latest bloodshed in Portland ye t another by Peter M . Wedlake Naomi Klein's Latest Book, The Battle For tiring example of Patriot Prayer's hypocrisy Paradise by Cory Elia by Matthew Neil Andrews •

2 THE PACIFIC SENTINEL FEATURED THIS MONTH

McKenzie Lee is dreaming about vodka Van Va nderwall is a post-bac student in and dumplings. the English department. He is a musician and writer. Matthew Neil Andrews is a singer, percussionist, and composer completing Peter M. Wedlake is a first-year political his Master of Arts in Music under the science student with a focus on practical tutelage of Bonnie Miksch, Renee Favand­ politics and public policy. Since March 2018 See, Jelena Schiff, and Anwyn Willette. he has been interning with a Democratic He is the Editor-in-Chief of Subito, the State Representative both legislatively and student-run journal of the School Music on the campaign trail; his views do not and Theater. Matthew considers himself a necessarily reflect those of the legislature "cat person:' or the Democratic party.

Cory Elia is a junior in the Arts & Letters M. W. is a master of procrastination and department, he writes about "politics, terrible at cooking. "I found out the hard protests, and pot" because "it is Portland!" way when my dog refused to eat stuff I cooked:' Jake Johnson wants you to remember to vote on November 6th. If we don't vote they Margo Craig is a cloud and insect won't listen. enthusiast, founder of Fants (fans of ants), studying biology, a novice polymath. Shane Johnson is a business major and writing minor, although he has taken more Zell Thomas is a photographer and writer music electives than writing courses so far. unequivocally in tune with minimalism He feels bad throwing away tiny pumpkins and "the varying spectrum of grey" and just after autumn is over. about anything that can be deemed elegant.

Aurora Mak is seriously considering Josh Gates is a Bachelor of Fine Arts devoting her life to building a time machine candidate with a focus on painting, but ~ for the sole purpose of going back 10,000 can't stop drawing ridiculous doodles. years and taking a look around. \) I Jon Bordas is tired of being fed lies and is ll Sydney McBee adores rocks, socks and tiny only seeking the truth. ! I boxes. She often talks about music like she I 0 has a prestigious degree in it. Savannah Quarum is studying graphic ~ I

design and advertising. When she's not too I I \ \ Daniel J. Nickolas will be at the 5th Avenue busy to have them, her interests include I ~ I Cinema theater on November lOth at finding new bands to listen to, biking/ I I I 7:00pm to see one of his favorite films, the skating around town, and drunk karaoke. existential German classic, Run Lola Run. Come and sit with him. John Rojas is a junior in the graphic design program and studied art in Spain. G. J. Schneider is a Build Exito Research scholar who hopes to earn his Masters in Public Health after his time with Portland :: .,g State. Gavin enjoys overthinking, and ~ wants everyone to come to the PSU Improv :§ Club, Wednesdays 7 -9pm.

THE PACIFIC SENTINEL 3 LETTER FROM THE EDITOR Voting should be a celebratory act, where we show that democracy works because the will of the people is enacted because the people are allowed to have a say in how their city, state, and country are run. There is a lot of bureaucratic tape that makes it seem like nothing can change no matter what we do. However, being uninspired allows that myth to perpetuate itself by allowing those in power to set laws that keep the status quo in place. Reuters polling shows that a majority of Americans believe weed should be legal and that medicare for all sounds like a pretty good idea; however, those beliefs don't seem to be showing up in congress for some reason. Voting laws can be convoluted, even if you should be allowed to vote, sometimes you can't. Maybe your polling place closed, maybe a natural disaster destroyed your region and the state didn't think giving people extra time to register because of the inconvenience of hosting a massive hurricane, forced evacuations, and the mandatory shutdown of places that would allow you to register to vote prevented you from being able to do so. Then your governor thought your request for more time was ridiculous because you can register online-even though that website was down with technical difficulties. If someone in power doesn't care enough to enable and empower you or your fellow citizens with the right to vote, you should vote them out. Democracy doesn't work if people don't have access to the ballot. An NPR report from September showed that even in the 2016 presidential election only 59 percent of eligible voters participated at the ballot box. Let's assume that there were a lot of roadblocks put in place and most of them were prevented from being able to vote. In North Dakota, Native Americans living on reservations just found out, less than a month before the midterm election, that many of their reservation I D's will not be enough to grant them access to their voting rights. If you are able to vote, please do it. Not everyone is as fortunate as you. Use your voice to demand that everyone should have a fundamental right to participate in democracy. Across the country, citizens are dealing with rising costs of living, natural disasters, and the mess of adulting-we don't have a lot of time and energy left to jump through crazy hoops in order to vote. Residents of D.C. and Puerto Rico do not have voting representation in congress because they are not states. Both have voted to become states, but congress is slow to move on it. That previously mentioned NPR report showed that in 11 states the Presidential election was won by less than 5 percentage points. Most of those states had over 30 percent of voters sit one out. Even in other states, if the 40 percent of people who don't vote started voting every time, they could really change things. Those in power know it's easier for them when we sit out-they know this technically has to resemble a democracy. If we, the people, demand real change, they actually have to listen. I don't care if you're a Republican or a Democrat, I just care that you use your right to vote; because it is precious, serious, and important to make your voice heard. This country is ours. Don't give up your power. Vote- and vote to elect leaders who care enough to ensure every American can, too.

Jake Johnson Executive Editor

The Pacific Sentinel staff has collectively decided to vote no on Measures 105 and 106.

Measure 105 aims to repeal Oregon's sanctuary state status, therefore deeming racial profiling permissible. Rather than creating an atmosphere of discrimination and distrust, law enforce­ ment should be held to a higher standard and discouraged from policing with bias. We vote no.

Measure 106 would prohibit public funding from covering abortions. Public employees who have health insurance, as well as women enrolled in OHP and Medicaid, would lose abortion coverage if Measure 106 passes. Women's reproductive rights must include access to safe abor­ tions; jeopardizing these rights compromises the health of women. We vote no. •

- I of us at The Pacific Sentinel

4 THE PACTFIC SENTINEL ...... ------STAFF EXECUTIVE EDITOR Jake Johnson

PRODUCTION MANAGER McKenzie Lee

MULTIMEDIA EDITOR Alec Chapa

ARTS & CULTURE EDITOR Shane Johnson

OPINION EDITOR Daniel J. Nickolas

WHO WE ARE CONTACT [email protected] The Pacific Sentinel magazine offers an inclusive forum incorporating in -depth content from the PSU community. We advocate on behalf of The Pacific Senti nel the marginalized, explore the merits of cultural artifacts, and initiate Smith Memorial Student Union I S-29 interdisciplinary communication. Portland State University COPYRIGHT© 2018 THE PACIFIC SENTINEL. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 1825 SW Broadway Portland, OR 97201 The Pacific Se ntinel is published monthly as an independent student news magazine governed by the PSU Student Media Board. Views and editorial content expressed herein are those of the staff, contributors, and readers and do not necessarily represent those of the PSU student body, faculty, staff, or administration.

THE PACIFIC SENTINEL 5 All Taaj Taaj Hudson, a PSU student who moonlights as a rapper /producer, talks music and opening for Jay Rock

by Shane Johnson Taaj Hudson found himself performing on stage for the second time ever on Thursday, October 11th. This stage, however, was far from an open mic stage where many college musicians can be found honing their craft. Taaj-who raps and produces under his first name alone-was on stage at the Hawthorne Theater, opening for Jay Rock-a formidable California-based rapper and Top Dawg Entertainment labelmate of Kendrick Lamar, and REASON, the label's most recent signee. The PSU Sophomore, a Sonic Arts and Music Production Major, went on stage around 9 p.m. He emerged to a sold-out venue; many in the crowd were unaware that a local rapper was even opening, others were shouting his name enthusiastically. He didn't hold back, diving into technically challenging verses and bouncing around the stage energetically, winning over some of the more ambivalent crowd members in the process. As his set went on, his nerves got to him and he messed up a few lyrics. He freestyled instead. The crowd didn't notice. Taaj's music is an eclectic mix of sounds and ideas. His Dawn EP, released earlier this year opens with a boasty hanger called '~ Taaj;' and later finds Taaj reflecting over a strumming guitar on "Communicate": "I want things to be great I and I'm feeling all this angst I now my mind's in my way I now my mind's in my way:' An unreleased song debuted at the Hawthorne Theater featured a hypnotic flute­ like melody over which Taaj croons, "I keep it lowkey I need that whip with no keys I need my wrists on freeze I need that crib overseas:' I want things to Back in the world of PSU, I sat down with Taaj outside the Chipotle on campus the day after his show. As we talked about the concert, his music, and his ambitions, he was calm be great I and and thoughtful in his responses, cracking the occasional joke but thinking seriously about his answers. I'm feeling all On a few occasions during the interview he interrupted himself when he saw a passerby he recognized, greeting them with a warm smile, immediately chatting them up. "Hey this angst/ now how're you doing? You wanna see my show? You done with class for the day? What you 'bout to do?" my mind's in my I dubbed him a "man of the people" after the third or fourth time this happened. "Yeah you have to be;' he responded, "you can't be not for the people, if you're doing way/nowmy this. 'Cause you are the people:' mind's in my *The following interview has been edited for brevity and clarity. way. 6 THE PACIFIC SENTINEL How are you feeling after the show and what was the What is your creative process like? experience of performing like? It really depends on the situation-! just like to be creative It was a good lesson, I learned a lot from it. It was very fun with what I'm doing. Most of the time if I'm making a beat, and the most exciting thing that's ever happened to me in my I start with the melody of the beat-most people start with life probably. the drums and the rhythm- but that's my strong suit [the It's crazy to explain it, but every once in a while for the melody] . I start with the melody because that's my favorite past two days, for like a second, I'd get super nervous and part and also the hardest part for me. then it'd go away. The same thing happened right before I got With lyrics it tends to depend on what type of song I on stage, intensified a little bit. And I took the first step on make. Sometimes I freestyle, sometimes I write. It's just stage and that feeling just went away, and it felt super natural. about getting energy on the track. I think about everything That's why I was freestyling, the energy just fed me and the the same, just at different points in the song's life; it's really crowd fed my performance. I'm very about living in the song to song, day to day, letting the pen control what happens moments, because even though last night didn't go perfectly, and not me. it was still a good show, good experience, good everything. I learned a lot, it opened doors. Y'know what I'm saying? What has your experience in the Sonic Arts & Music Production (SAMP) program at PSU been like? What went into the decision-making of the songs you chose to perform? I've learned a lot this year, even the first day of class. I joined late, I wasn't in SAMP last year. I'm learning all the technical Energy. I wanted to keep changing the vibe up. We started stuff behind things I already do by ear. I'm hoping to increase with the harder music, then we had a catchy song, went my connections and knowledge and learn a way to navigate back into the harder music, just faster paced. Then we ended music better. with [Travis Scott's hit single] "Sicko Mode;' because we had to bring the energy back up for REASON, especially cuz I Looking forward, what goals have you set for yourself, messed up on the last song-which is okay because you want short and long term? to mess up to learn. Short term, within the next year, I want to have a song that How long has music been in your life, and when did charts. Not even top any charts, just one that makes the you start pursuing it seriously? charts. That's just like what I want, but my actual goal I'm working towards is trying to build a different culture of hip Music's been in my life pretty much my whole life, as long as hop in Portland, 'cause a lot of people move selfishly when I can remember. I played guitar when I was twelve, but before it comes to the music industry here. If they can find a way that me and my brother always would be messing around to benefit off of it short term they'll do it, but a lot of people with music. My dad made beats, I watched him. don't think about the long term. The music scene is dope but I started practicing rapping first. I started producing the hip hop scene is lacking. There's a lot of talent but I want because I didn't want to have to spend money on beats but to build a different culture around here. then I fell in love with that. I started recording the same time Longer term, I want to be the greatest musician of I started producing. I didn't learn from anyone, I just said all time. Something like that. I want to be an artist that I'm gonna figure this out myself, don't watch You Tube videos, transcends genres. I do want to be compared to the great because I just wanted to be creative with it. hip hop artists, but I also want to be compared to Michael I started really pursuing music seriously, really going Jackson, The Beatles. I don't want to be a "regular" rapper. after it, finding other avenues and getting deep into it, spending time-that started happening this year or last year. What do you want listeners to take away from your I was working just as hard the past couple years but now I'm music? working smarter, and accomplishing objectives, setting goals and getting it done. Every goal I've set, I've got it done just by Follow your dreams. Be yourself. The best way to be unique or setting the goal. original is to be yourself, because no one's like you. Someone may be similar, but then you're connecting with them, that's the point of any type of experience. That's pretty much the point of human existence, is to connect with people. All anybody wants is a connection.

You can fi nd Ta aj's music on SoundCloud or streaming se rvices such as Spotify, and keep up to date with him on Instagram @justtaaj

THE PACIFTC SENTINEL 7 President Trump's Midnight "Nightcap" Sandwich

by Aurora Mak After reading the anonymous Op-Ed The New York Times Preparation: released, I felt empowered to tell my story of working at the White House as the presidential snackmonger. I write this to hopefully The first step in creating this sandwich is toast the Wonder Bread bolster more confessionals and brave souls to come out against and rye until they are "dry but not browned. The browned ones are Donald Trump's behavior-I am not writing this for fame, attention, bad hombres:' While this is being done, pour the contents of both or even in malice against the president. I write this, rather, as a duty snack bags into a mortar and pestle, crush the Cheetos and Doritos to the people of America. until they resemble the "consistency of Puerto Rico beach sand;' For too long, this administration has kept quiet about the and then set the bread and chip powder aside. day-to-day goings-on in the White House, but no more- we need to speak out, and loudly, if we expect to ever keep this country The next step is to hard fry the large caged egg. In choosing which from falling apart. I admit, many in the White House seem entirely egg to use, the preferred type would be a large brown egg from content with chugging along and allowing Mr. Trump to continue a local farmer. To fry the egg, use "one of those 'one egg' pans his actions, but I am not one of them. I've seen on TV. It better be the red pan though, not that liberal Here is just one example of Trump's erratic choices and blue one" and canola oil. Generously salt the egg with table salt as requests; this is the recipe for President Trump's Nightcap preferred. Sandwich. Since Trump is a life-long straight edge, the President doesn't request for a few fingers of Brandy to finish the night, he For the fries, use the Ore-Ida crinkle cut fries. Follow the requests for a "little bit of sandwich covfefe;' as he stated when he instructions on the packaging. However, when constructing the first requested this dish. sandwich, pick the fries that have the least coloring on them.

For cooking the chorizo, form it into a patty, heat the canola oil Ingredients: in a heavy skillet over medium heat, and pan-fry till well-done. Roughly 5 to 8 minutes per side. 1 slice of Wonder bread

1 slice of rye bread Forming the Night Cap: Pico de gallo

1 large cage-free egg First, spread a generous amount of mayonnaise on both the Wonder Bread and the slice of rye. Be sure to spread all the way to 14 lb Chorizo the edges. Then, sprinkle the bread and chip powder over the two slices, coating the mayonnaise completely. 9 crinkle cut french fries

Snack bag of Cheetos In making the NightCap, the order if the ingredients is extremely important. At the bottom, place the slice of rye. Then, spread the Snack bag Cool Ranch Doritos black olive spread and top it with the crinkle cut fries. After the fries, add the chorizo patty and press down to "lock it in:' Then Black Olives spread add the sauerkraut and pico de gallo in an even layer over the Sauerkraut patty. Finally, place the hard-fried egg and top it off with the slice of Wonder Bread. Press down again as a "final solution touch:' Mayo

Salt

**Quotes are of President Trump's specific instructions of how to co nstruct the night cap

8 THE PACIFIC SENTINEL Wonder Jread Salt Hard ... Fried Egg Pico de &allo

Sauerkraut

Chorizo

Crinkle ... cut French Fries Jlack Olives ---...... Spread Rye Jread Mayo+ Poritos + Cheetos

THE PA CIFIC SENTINEL 9 Conversion Therapy It's time to say 'No '

by M. w oftentimes conversion therapy consists being treated inhumanely in conversion Can I start off with a personal of inhumane methods that violate therapy sessions; they would be tied down thought? As a non-straight person, I never basic human rights. They also tend to to have erotic pictures of men shown to thought being queer was easy, but in my target underaged minors because these them while the provider placed ice on mind, it was gradually getting better as organizations treat gayness as a mental their hands, wrapped their hands in hot the world became more accepting towards illness and believe conversion therapy to coils, and stuck needles in their fingers queerness. Or so I thought, until I moved be more effective with minors. to apply electroshock to them. Another out of my queer haven in NYC and into Practising conversion therapy survivor, who identifies as TC, recalls the wilderness that was Indiana. Indiana is on minors is illegal in many states, but his experience of being "deconstructed an interesting place in the midwest region. not all conversion therapy sessions are as a person;' where they were harassed There's definitely more corn than people, performed by licensed mental health mentally and physically; and afterwards and the majority of the population are care providers. According to the National being "rebuilt;' meaning they were conservative Christians. Queerness wasn't Center for Lesbian Rights, conversion retaught how to "eat, talk, walk, dress, really a thing there, and I stayed still in my therapy is sometimes performed by believe, and even breathe" in such a way closet after witnessing an attack on a queer unlicensed healthcare providers, religious that they lost self-confidence and worth in guy within the first month of moving to leaders, and sometimes even performed in being themselves at all. Such extreme measures Indiana. church basements. The problem with such have been found to have negative impact in the The governor at the time was named organizations is that even in states where lives of LGBTQ youths. Compared to LGBTQ Mike Pence, and it doesn't surprise me that it's illegal to perform conversion therapy youths that were less rejected by their loved he has a history of opposing gay rights. on minors, the law cannot catch them since ones, conversion therapy survivors were 8 times It's rumored he supported conversion being unlicensed means they are not under more likely to have attempted suicide, had therapy, and one might wonder what the scrutiny of state regulatory bodies, and higher depression rates by 6 times, and were conversion therapy is in the first place. oftentimes religious organizations are able at more than 3 times higher risk of using illicit Conversion therapy is the practice of to mask conversion therapy as mission drugs and contracting sexually transmitted attempting to "convert" a gay individual camps or religious activities. diseases. Living Through Conversion Therapy into a heterosexual one. It would not have In the Vice documentary Living also shows organizations that specialize become the social issue it is now, if the Through Conversion Therapy, Sam Brinton, in providing "reparative" therapy. Journey therapy employed benign methods, but a conversion therapy survivor, testifies into Manhood is one such organization.

10 THE PACIFIC SE TINEL The group intends to provide support for Most of them are now openly gay and have men who voluntarily submit themselves to apologized for their past actions of promoting the organization and claims that no one is conversion therapy. All this leads me to believe participating against their own will. However, that there is no point in practicing conversion the founder of this group, Joseph Nicolosi, therapy, since it not only harms one's mentality, makes a statement in the documentary that he but is also ineffective-even if one was willing believes everyone is heterosexual, and gayness to participate in conversion therapy. is not natural for humans. This is, of course, We are all who we are, no matter what a wrong assumption, as queerness occurs in we are. But why is there such an astounding nature as well, and there isn't enough evidence number of conversion therapy organizations to argue whether heterosexuality is the only with thousands of people experiencing norm for humans. Some people are born conversion therapy at some point in their gay, some are straight, others somewhere in lives? This is because these organizations between, or asexual-and thankfully, Portland aren't offering conversion therapy for the has a rather accepting culture towards all kinds greater good. According to the CNN article of sexual identities. "Conversion Therapists: Lawsuit won't stop us;' Unfortunately, some places are more conversion therapies may cost up to $10,000 conservative than others, and will not accept per year, making money off of desperate gayness as natural-they may attempt to fix parents. It could be challenging for children to it, based upon the wrong assumption that refuse conversion therapy, who could then be gayness is curable. The whole idea of gayness subjected to physical and verbal harassment, being "convertible" has its basis on an old distress, humiliation, and self-denial. theory of Sigmund Freud's. Freud's theory is Such children are sometimes traumatized that sexuality is a spectrum, and everyone is and scarred for life. This trauma can lead capable of bisexuality. In fact, he is the very to increased thoughts, and attempts, person who introduced the concept of "innate of suicide. The Trevor Project notes bisexuality;' but only in males and children, as LGBTQ youths' suicide attempt rates are he thought of lesbianism a "moral death:' It is 5 times higher than their heterosexual believed that some religious figures found this counterparts. According to an article in a convenient excuse to claim that if sexuality The Guardian, LGBTQ conversion therapy is a spectrum, everyone has the potential survivors are more than 8 times as likely to to be heterosexual, and came up with the consider suicide compared to their peers. The Trevor Project notes idea of conversion therapy. Like fire, these Conversion therapy is not helping. LGBTQ youths' suicide beliefs spread, and people were led to believe Nowadays, queerness is more widely attempt rates are 5 queerness is a mental disease. recognized and accepted than ever, as times higher than their Eventually, the American Psychiatric people have come to realize that queer heterosexual counterparts, and LGBTQ conversion Association officially declared in 197 4 that people are just like everyone else. Queer therapy survivors are is not convertible-people are not made queer is not a mental illness, and many more than 8 times as likely Christian foundations now accept LGBTQ the way cars are. And queer or not, we're as those LGBTQ youths individuals and communities as they come. all equal and should be treated with equal whose families have been Even so, conversion therapy prevails. If the respect towards one another. Abolishing less rejecting of their practice is not banned, it will continue to conversion therapy is another step towards identities. live on-and children will continue to suffer achieving this goal. against their own will. Conversion therapies are remnants of the past century that need not exist nowadays, especially since they are proven to be ineffective. Not only are the survivors of conversion therapy testifying against the effectiveness of conversion therapy, but also people that used to be part of ex-gay organizations are now admitting the futility of trying to convert a gay person into a straight one. Alan Chambers, former leader of the biggest ex-gay groups called Exodus International, admitted that one's sexual orientation cannot be altered. Many other former leaders of such groups have admitted that queerness cannot be altered.

THE PACIFIC SENTINEL 11 Disarming the Movement How Disarm PSU Can Make a Real Difference

by Peter M. Wedlake making a sound. What I mean by this is the next month, the next year, or even the June 29th, 20I8, the day many that Disarm PSU is worried so much about next decade; they had long-term plans and incoming freshmen (including myself) getting attention for their cause, that they goals that understood that a movement swarmed campus for orientation, Jason have put the substance of what they are cannot exist on excitement or loudness Washington was shot and killed by fighting for on the backburner. They offer alone, it needs substance to succeed. Dr. Portland State University campus police few plans and instead, hope that their noise Martin Luther King Jr., for example, was officers around 1:30am on SW College St. will compensate for that; it will not. Olivia in regular contact with President Johnson between SW 6th Ave. and SW Broadway. Pace, one of the student organizers was throughout the I960s, as a result of this Campus police were responding to a call of quoted in an OPB article as saying, "We just President Johnson heard Dr. King's stories a disturbance near the Cheerful Tortoise. want to plant ourselves here and say, 'You of the horrible discrimination he faced After about II seconds of confrontation, will not be able to operate at your office, just in trying to find places to live, this Mr. Washington was shot and later just coming in and out, having people was directly translated to Title VIII of the pronounced dead on site. think that you are good police officers and Civil Rights Act of I968. This provision Following the incident, many that you're safe and that this is a place they made discriminatory housing practices PSU students and faculty became can come if they feel unsafe:' While I agree illegal. For real change to get done, it meant disenfranchised by the school and its that students and faculty should feel safe meeting with people that disagreed with 20I4 policy, arming the campus police going to the campus security office, much them, meeting with government officials, with handguns. Many students began to like the occupation of the ICE building in elected or not, trying to find feasible protest beginning on the first day of school, Portland, all it does is harm the people that solutions. It meant knowing when to make September 24th. By no means am I writing are doing their jobs that had nothing to do compromises. this trying to restrict or censor the voices with what people are protesting, or even Compromise in today's vernacular of these students and faculty, nor am I worse, people who are genuinely seeking has somehow turned itself into a negative necessarily disagreeing with their core the services of that agency. term, one associated with losing. But I principle belief that more firearms lead to Taking a look back at history will would argue the contrary, to compromise more violence. What I am doing is pointing show us how successful movements are is in fact to win. By compromising you out that unless they change their rhetoric cultivated. The first social movement that have successfully persuaded someone with and tactics, Disarm PSU will fail; it will not comes to mind would probably be the Civil undefined or even contrary beliefs not just be the beacon of change that they so seek Rights Movement of the 1960s. Those that to listen, but to act. One thing I learned very as much as a blip in a city distracted by new led the efforts against Jim Crow laws and quickly working in the Oregon Legislature protests every week. segregation of the time did so with a plan was that real change takes time. It sounds The biggest mistake that Disarm PSU and a map. Of course in history classes we obvious but, for an example, I think is making, in my opinion, is one traditionally gain a simplistic view of the movement and you would be surprised at the number made by novice community organizers; all its people; they saw injustice, they marched, of middle age adults complaining that they are doing is making noise. From my and it all worked out in the end. I fear that Oregon hasn't gone from about IS percent experience with community organization this representation in education leads renewable energy to I 00 percent in just a and protesting, it is very important to people to believe that social movements few months. People, especially those not speak out and ensure that you are being are (relatively) short, and sweet. Social versed in the policy-making process, hold heard. As the common adage goes, "If a movements are complex beings; much like the false notion that any policy that takes tree falls in a forest and no one is around it takes a trained expert to help dissect a small steps has an ulterior motive to create to hear it, does it make a sound?" What brain and offer remedies, the same rings minimal change and then never address it Disarm PSU is doing right now is focusing true for social issues. The Civil Rights again. They believe that the legislature will on making a sound, rather than falling and Leaders of the I960s thought long past claim that they already fixed it. Instead,

12 THE PACTFTC SENTINEL these people wish to see grandiose, "small and compensate for the inflamed deficit. social movement has faced. As it currently isn't enough;' legislation shoved through This is a prime example of the legislature stands, it is the responsibility of the party the House and the Senate. being more than willing to pass large-scale that sheds light on a topic or situation to While there are absolutely instances legislation and then not touch the subject also come back with a possible solution of large problems being addressed only for sessions, if not years, claiming that they and what that solution would look like in once with small legislation, the fact of the already did what everyone wanted. Worse practice. The only response Disarm PSU matter is that most grandiose legislation yet, the legislation might not be fully or has is to, well, Disarm PSU. But what would does exactly what these activists fear of even partially enforced, instead just acting that look like? No guns on campus police? smaller policy. For example, in 1986 the as a false statue for something that was No Tasers on campus police? No armed US Congress passed the Tax Reform Act never truly accomplished. Whereas with police officers on campus? What defines an of 1986, a sequel five years in the making smaller legislation and policy, it slowly "armed" officer and who makes that call? to the Economic Recovery Act of 1981 - builds on top of itself allowing time for the If Disarm PSU fails to address these bills are what we now refer to as previous provisions to be properly enforced these questions and fails to look at this the "Reaganomic" tax cuts of the 1980s. before adding more. movement as a marathon rather than the As to not get too engrossed in federal tax The problem with Disarm PSU in its sprint they think it is, I fear that the core policy, these bills lowered tax rates by current incarnation and with its current message will get lost in an overgrown up to 70% and closed many loopholes. messaging is that it falls in the "this forest of noise. Before they continue, I call By 1983 the federal deficit had begun to isn't enough" category that I previously on the Disarm PSU movement to create balloon but determined to not fault on described, but with a twist. Not only is any a centralized structure and to meet and one of his bigger campaign promises, proposed idea not quite enough, but they discuss what their true goals are and how President Reagan continued with his failed also fail to properly offer an ideal policy they can accomplish them. As a liberal policy. It took seven years from the initial and how to achieve it. While I might agree Democrat from the Portland area with a ballooning of the deficit for Congress to that it is unfair to make the people that family history at PSU, I truly hope that they pass the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation bring light to a situation responsible for take this advice, and succeed. Act of 1990, which raised tax rates to try changing it, this is a standard that every

THE PACIFIC SENTINEL 13 Examining Kavanaugh's Record

His Past Ruli ngs Could Pred ict Our Nation's Future

by Margo Craig it would allow courts to assume control automatic handguns and semi-automatic Now that Brett Kavanaugh has been over executive branch agencies. Chevron rifles;" he found the gun registration confirmed to the Supreme Court, it is deference prevents judges from striking requirement unconstitutional; he objected helpful to turn to his judicial record while down agency policies according to their to calling certain firearms "assault weapons;' serving on the US Court of Appeals for the own regulatory policy preferences. This accusing others of using a "rhetorical term;' D.C. Circuit to anticipate how he will rule is a central pillar of administrative law and then suggested that handguns are the on the Court. and ensures administrative agencies the true assault weapons since they are "used power to enforce and adjudicate the laws far more often than any other kind of gun Regulatory agency independence that they create. Kavanaugh characterized in violent crimes:' In an ambiguous portion The predictable topics were covered in Chevron as "nothing more than a judicially of his dissent, he wrote that "in order Judge Kavanaugh's confirmation hearings­ orchestrated shift of power from Congress to apply Heller's test to this prohibition, presidential power, abortion, marriage to the Executive Branch;' and inherently we must know whether magazines with equality, gerrymandering. However, there problematic for the court to parse out more than 10 rounds have traditionally is one issue that could be equally important what is "arbitrary:' In what may prove been banned and are not in common use:' to the future of the democratic experiment to be a prophetic sentence, Kavanaugh While it seems that he may be amenable that was not drawn out of Kavanaugh at the wrote: "Perhaps in response to all of to banning large-capacity magazines, he hearings: How do the regulatory agencies these criticisms, the Supreme Court itself emphasizes two conditions: proof that such enforce their regulations? Important has been reining in Chevron in the last a ban exists in historical convention (even examples of regulatory agencies include few years:' though this firearm technology is relatively the Environmental Protection Agency, the modern), and proof that the public doesn't Food and Drug Administration (which is Gun control use large-capacity magazines anymore. meant to protect public health), and the In 2011, Kavanaugh wrote an Kavanaugh shot down the argument that Federal Trade Commission (whose role opinion defending the 2nd Amendment, public safety concern in D.C. outweighed is to protect consumers and maintain a characterizing certain gun regulations as the constitutional right to bear arms. fair marketplace). It is important to the unconstitutional. This was written in the democratic process that these agencies wake of 2008's District of Columbia v. Abortion remain independent. Heller; the Supreme Court ruled for the A recent dispute may indicate how Based on past statements, Kavanaugh first time that the 2nd Amendment protects Kavanaugh will rule on abortion cases in would likely end the deference federal an individual's right to possess a firearm , the future, and whether he will complicate courts have traditionally given to unconnected with a militia, and bear reasonable access to an abortion or proceed regulatory opinion and interpretation and, arms for self-defense. However, the Court to make a direct attack to Roe v. Wade. in material ways, modify what is known did conclude that the 2nd Amendment Linda Greenhouse wrote an opinion piece as the doctrine of "Chevron deference." should not be understood as a "right to for the New York Times summarizing the Chevron deference is named for a 1984 keep and carry any weapon whatsoever in Supreme Court's position on abortion Supreme Court case that involved a any manner whatsoever and for whatever leading up to a case last year, when a young dispute over the Environmental Protection purpose;' noting that imposed conditions immigrant woman (referred to as Jane Agency's interpretation of a provision of on the commercial sale of firearms would Doe) was refused access to an abortion the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977. be considered "presumptively lawful:' in a program administered by the Trump Under Chevron, how an agency enforces An appeal made it to Kavanaugh's court administration. Greenhouse explains how and interprets its own statutes must while serving on the D.C. Circuit where the Office of Refugee Resettlement dictates be respected by the courts, unless that Kavanaugh outlined why he found gun how federally funded organizations, such interpretation is "arbitrary, capricious, regulations unconstitutional. His opinion as the one that was housing Jane Doe, are or manifestly contrary to the statute:' In placed him outside the margins of the run, and that they must ensure access to other words, in a dispute, the court must conservative mainstream (in 2011). contraception and abortion. The ORR defer to how an agency interprets its own He found the ban on semi-automatic denied Jane Doe access to an abortion laws, as long as it's reasonable. Both Justice handguns to be unconstitutional given and detained her based on her status as an Kavanaugh and Justice Gorsuch are fierce that there is "no meaningful or persuasive "undocumented unaccompanied minor;' critics of Chevron deference. Abandoning constitutional distinction between semi- challenging the Supreme Court precedent

14 THE PACIFIC SENTJN"EL ;'

~~~0 ~ ('v~ /I I • '

THE PA Cll'TC SENTINEL j 5 claiming he was an "independent, impartial judge;' and characterizing his behavior as a product of his anger. However, days before in an interview with Fox News, he was calm, mild-mannered and even­ toned, insisting three times, "I just want a fair process where I can be heard;' when asked where he thought the contentious process regarding the allegations came from. There is a stark contrast between this interview and his testimony before the Senate Judiciary Committee, so much so that it calls into question his claim that his controversial testimony was a result of passion. Michael S. Rosenwald, journalist for the Washington Post, described a clear parallel with Justice Clarence Thomas's Besides his judicial record, allegations of sexual assault against him spawned several protests such as 1991 confirmation hearing. Thomas, who an action by PSU's International Socialist Organization on Oct. 4 between SMSU and Cramer was facing allegations of sexual harassment from a former employee, Anita Hill, preserving the fundamental right of a important to analyze his statements accused the all-white judiciary committee woman to make an informed choice to and behavior during a historic, highly of a "high-tech lynching for uppity blacks:' pursue an abortion in an early stage (Roe v. anticipated confirmation hearing; charged Thomas was able to turn his confirmation Wade). Meanwhile, her third trimester was with sexual-assault allegations, Kavanaugh hearing into a question of race, also before approaching, at which point an abortion defended himselfbefore the Senate Judiciary midterm elections when senators were would be illegal. In an unsigned order, Committee, and was ultimately confirmed extremely sensitive to charges of racism in presumably written by Kavanaugh, the state as a Supreme Court Justice. Both his defiant the wake of the Rodney King riots. was given 11 days to find her a sponsor to statements and angry temperament deserve Kavanaugh chose to ignite the take custody, so the government would not scrutiny as part of a premeditated strategy Republican base to view challenges to be seen as facilitating an abortion, nor be to exploit the current polarized political his confirmation as a "conspiracy" from seen actively barring access to an abortion. climate ahead of the midterm elections. Democrats, placing pressure on senators However, the program reportedly had Kavanaugh denied the allegations and to vote along party lines lest their base been looking for a sponsor for 6 weeks called the confirmation process a "national vote against them, and, in doing so, further without success. Jane Doe ultimately won disgrace;' singling out the Democratic polarizing the nation. in appeals court and got an abortion the members of the committee for behavior next day. Kavanaugh wrote a scathing he called "an embarrassment:' Despite a dissent, arguing that the court created "a credible testimony from the accuser, Dr. new right for unlawful immigrant minors Christine Blasey-Ford, Kavanaugh chose PSU ISO invited community members to sign a in U.S. government detention to obtain to characterize the hearings in this way: board that read, "We Believe Survivo rs," indi­ immediate abortion on demand:' Judge "This whole two-week effort has been a cating that the community too believes survivors Millett, who ruled with the majority on the calculated and orchestrated political hit of sexual assault, including Kavanaugh's victim D.C. Circuit Court, responded: "Abortion fueled with apparent pent-up anger about Dr. Christine Blasey Ford. on demand? Hardly. Here is what this President Trump and the -----,...... - - case holds: a pregnant minor who (i) has 2016 election, fear that has an unquestioned constitutional right to been unfairly stoked by choose a pre-viability abortion, and (ii) my judicial record, revenge has satisfied every requirement of state on behalf of the Clintons, law to obtain an abortion, need not wait and millions of dollars in additional weeks just because she-in the money from outside left­ government's inimitably ironic phrasing­ wing opposition groups. 'refuses to leave' its custody. That sure does This is a circus:' not sound like 'on demand' to me. Unless When questioned Judge Kavanaugh's dissenting opinion by the committee, means the demands of the Constitution his temperament was and Texas law. With that I would agree:' combative and clearly angry. He has since apologized for Kavanaugh's demeanor his behavior in an op-ed Outside his judicial record, it is for the Wall Street journal,

16 THE PACIFIC SENTT~ E L MOVIE REVIEW

Assassination Nation Asks: Are You Okay W ith Being Triggered?

by Sydney McBee editing was specifically overwhelming Directed by Sam Levinson If your movie taste includes Kill at points when the characters were also Release date September 21, 2018 Bill, Love Simon, and The Purge you feeling overwhelmed. Female action scenes Starring Odessa Young, Abra, Suki may absolutely love this movie. If you're were unexpected and very rewarding. Waterhouse & Hari Nef wondering what Kill Bill, The Purge, and Many political statements were made in the Rated R Love Simon have to do with each other, it's movie that are relevant to current events, this movie. making them all the more important. Assassination Nation is about our If you're looking for something generation, its obsession with the internet, that's in-your-face feminist, pro-LGBTQ, being heard, and modern feminism. The political, and vastly colorful, you're in for a film begins by listing trigger warnings wild ride with Assassination Nation. including things like (but not limited to) sexism, racism, murder, sex, rape, and transphobia. The premise of the film includes a high school girl getting blamed for being a hacker who has leaked the entire towns personal information including illegal pictures. For those squeamish about blood, you can equate the violence level in this movie to almost every Tarantino film. The social media and LGBTQ influences are a more rated-R version of Love Simon, and the mass-murder/political undertones give off Purge vibes. Highly stylized movies are very in right now (i.e Sorry to Bother You and Skate Kitchen), and when Bella Thorne is in a movie, you know it will be stylized. Expect hard cuts, split screens, voice-overs, as well as text being layered. Straight white men might struggle to understand and relate to this film . It focuses on the troubles that minorities and all millennials face on social media and in politics. In this movie, no one's information is safe, and it really is about how an entire town decided they wanted to murder four innocent teenage girls for leaking information. There is a very strong bad-ass female presence throughout that is rarely portrayed in Hollywood (especially in such a gorey male-dominated category). The costuming in the film always added to the mood of the scenes, and the sound

17 J. Nickolas the past few decades, has transformed from a industry to a booming that, according to sociologist collectively receives more Netflix, Facebook, and Sex really does sell. This shocking, as the personal pornography has become aspect of our culture; large part to both the easy of porn through the internet that porn is inherently long as we recognize that the in porn are only a fantasy. But do we mean by "fantasy"? As becomes less taboo, increasingly becomes a behind which one can find abuse, the sexualization of blatant racism. When we buy that porn is fantasy (in other we dismiss what porn is the real world. This dismissal images and videos as "only us as a society and as critically examine the real pornography has our world. most troubling aspect concept is its ability to push of what is considered in both pornography outside of the porn industry. that porn capitalizes ation of women has been against porn within movement since the 1970s. lrnogi·aphJ.tc content featuring of women, especially demeaning or violent on the rise. An analysis of randomly chosen, popular, adult videos conducted by Ana Bridges found that just OIJrceJrlt of the videos contained or verbal acts toward performer. While Bridges "aggressive" includes all acts, it shows that face slapping, intentional choking, and of the fastest growing online businesses. an industry that simultaneously invests derogatory language are common. Far from Furthermore, there is an unsettling trend in and marginalizes fantasies about black being just a fantasy, other studies, like the in the normalization of child pornography sexuality:' Miller-Young does not come to one conducted by sociologist Dr. Michael in mainstream adult films. Laws have been this conclusion lightly; it comes after seven Kimmel, have shown a stark increase established banning the use of minors in years of interviews with black adult-film over the years of heterosexual men asking pornographic videos; however, these laws performers and in-person observance of their girlfriends/wives to incorporate don't extend as far as one might suspect. these women's lives in the industry. Despite degrading or aggressive acts into their The court decision in Ashcroft v. The Free this assertion, there is surprisingly little sexual relationships. Ev veteran adult Speech Coalition ruled that fully animated being done to solve the problem of racism film director Joe a t, fi h or fully CGI videos featuring sex acts in pornography. Once again, the concept of in an interview for the I ear t e of any kind are also allowed to depict fantasy successfully makes society numb to documentary The Price of fi if minors of any age participating in depictions and practices that would cause Pleasure, admitted, "I fear UtUre 0 those sex acts. This ruling led to social outrage if they existed as blatantly the future of American American further arguments stipulating that in any other part of our culture as they do porn, might be violence:' the portrayal of victimization is not in pornography. Alongside sexual porn, might actual victimization. In 2002, these It's worth stating that the intention of aggression against women discussions, spearheaded by The this article is not to be anti-pornography, is an increase in the be Violence. Free peech Coalition, successfully nor is it a call to travel down the slippery infantilization of women. re aled the law mandating that slope of censorship; nonetheless, we need The sexually curious yet sexually ignorant adult film actors could not depict underage more prevalent and critical conversations woman is not an uncommon character in characters. In other words, it is legal for about the current state of the porn adult entertainment, but the depiction of a an adult film performer who looks 12 to industry. Just as slasher movies do not woman's sexual ignorance in mainstream play a 12-year-old character, so long as create serial killers, pornography does pornography is heading into disturbing the performer is a least 18 in real life. The not create sexual deviants-but porn does territory. Burning Angel Films, an adult legality of this seems to suggest that there desensitize. Take a moment to think about film company run by a woman, features is a level of legitimacy, even acceptability, the fact that we live in a society where a video in which the female character toward what is widely considered one of sexism, the sexualization of children, and admits to being sexually assaulted by the most reprehensible crimes. Do we, as a blatant racism are all okay, just so long as her own father at the age of five; not only society, really want this to be a part of our they are labeled as "sexual fantasy:' Doesn't is the character portrayed as having no collective sexual fantasy? Porn's troubling this contradict everything we say we want conception of what happened to her, but depictions don't stop with women and our society to be? How, in light of recent this admission acts as the impetus for the children. As the fight against racism in movements such as Black Lives Matter and man in the video to see the woman as a the United States approaches its 200th MeToo, can we collectively be okay with sexual object. While this example might year, extreme racial stereotypes remain an aspect of our culture where the very seem extreme, adult films in which men prevalent in mainstream porn. antitheses of these movements are not only treat women like less than adults are The commodification of ethnicity prevalently displayed, but sold to us with commonplace; even the ubiquitous use of within mainstream porn is unapologetically the implication that this is the way we like terms such as "girl" for women and "daddy" racist; when videos that feature non­ it? If sex is the one commodity that always or "sir" for men in adult films speaks to white performers are not depicting racial sells, then it is time to start considering the prevalence of this problem. Even if stereotypes, they are likely using the non­ what this commodity is actually costing us. the aforementioned video from Burning white ethnicity of that performer as a Angel Films was not commonplace, the selling point of the video. This statement fact that such a video was produced in might sound like an overgeneralization, the 21st century, in the United States, but it is a fact many adult entertainers are despite a decades-long fight against the candid about. While conducting interviews infantilization of women in other aspects with African American women working in of our culture, should call into question the porn industry, Mireille Miller-Young the kinds of ideas that penetrate our psyche reported that many of these women struggle through porn's concept of fantasy. their whole careers to find work outside of The infantilization of women racially exploitative porn, or "ghetto porn;' in pornography should not only raise a common type of fetish pornography concerns about the portrayal of women that purposefully features modern racial in porn, but also raise concerns about stereotypes of black people. Miller-Young the portrayal of minors and children. A sums up the experience of these women 2013 article from The Huffington Post by stating, "Black women are devalued as reported that child pornography is one hyper-accessible and super-disposable in

THE PACIFIC SENTINEL 19 Believe in Something, Don't Just Buy It Who is Colin Kaepernick and what's all the fuss about?

by Van Vanderwall In early September of this year, Nike those numbers increased dramatically and The quarterback was twice awarded unveiled an advertising campaign marking remunerated Nike even more handsomely the Western Athletic Conference Offensive the 30th anniversary of its iconic "Just than in the normal course of events. Player of the Year while playing for the Do It" slogan. The campaign spotlighted What about the plight of those who University of Nevada at Reno. Signed by many of Nike's contracted athletes, but inspired the protests in the first place? the San Francisco 49ers in the second the most attention-grabbing pieces were a Articles, reports, newscasts, blogs and round of the 2011 draft, he became the two-minute video hosted by Kaepernick all the other whatnot of news reported starting quarterback during the following and a stark black and white photograph primarily on the value of the move for season and led the team to Super Bowl portrait of Kaepernick's face captioned Nike's brand and how "bold" it is. What's XLVII. In that same season, he signed a "Believe in something, even if it means so bold about coopting someone else's deal with Nike, which entailed few high­ sacrificing everything:' Sadly predictable activism to make money without taking profile appearances or endorsements until· reactions ensued and were widely risks of one's own? Perhaps a small number recently. With Kaepernick as starting publicized and regurgitated all over every of those upset by the ads will never again quarterback, the team went to the NFC image-replicating technology platform. buy Nike gear. Or will they? They may Championships in 2013. Many people, presumably conservative, say to each other, "Wouldn't it be great to This is where things start to get fiery. documented themselves on various so­ buy some brand new shoes and post some When the national anthem played before called social media platforms burning and videos online of us burning them?" Well, games in the 2016 season, Kaepernick otherwise defacing Nike gear, often with that's still technically a win for Nike in that kneeled to protest police brutality, systemic vague threats about the number of military the logic of capitalism dictates only that racial injustice, and a host of interrelated veterans and/or true patriots in the United merchandise be sold; creating two camps issues within the United States. These States of America. of Nike customers-some that feel they gestures drew the by-now predictable The ad resuscitated some of the are now social justice warriors on the front wrath of a certain short-fingered blustering original controversy and leant fresh lines and some that feel they are protecting buffoon, who referred to Kaepernick as publicity to Kaepernick, but what about his traditional American values (whatever "that son of a bitch:' Following the 2016 original protest demands? Commentary that means)-has really only played a r season, Kaepernick ended his contract by Forbes and other business publications, very shrewd game of targeting different with the 49ers and entered the 2017 draft as well as the measurable outcomes over demographics. The important thing to note as a free agent; he was not picked up by any the next few days, belied the true result is that both groups are buying Nike, they're team, despite his player statistics placing and aim of a seemingly controversial just using the gear for different ends. him amongst most starting quarterbacks move: sell more Nike gear. The Guardian The key word describing both of those in the league. Kaepernick filed a suit reported that after a brief hours-long groups is "feel:' What exactly does buying against the NFL (still ongoing at the time dip in stock value after the release of the sporting goods have to do with social of publication), alleging that owners and ads, sales both online and in Nike stores justice and human rights? There's been a lot officials colluded to bar him employment increased dramatically; Forbes quantifies of furor and posturing by consumers, but due to his political activism. the increase at 31 %, though they offered no nothing has changed for the people most Remember that little passing explanation of methods utilized to arrive adversely affected by the problems that reference to a sport shoe company? This is at this number. After a short period of inspired Kaepernick's initial protest two where it comes around in a big way. negatively affected stock prices and sales, years ago. And nothing will be changed

THE PACTFTC SENTT NEL 21 by similar ads that are sure to come now (Just Buy It) and decided to ignore the that advertising specialists have witnessed problem since the purchase constitutes the effectiveness of the commodification of "doing something:' In this manner, an ever protest. Real change to the prison industrial larger segment of society maintains its complex, police brutality, systemic racism, ignorance of complicated and longstanding racial inequity in professional sports (the issues that do not directly affect them. NFL in particular), etc., requires a lot Everything becomes subsumed in the more than buying stylish shoes (whether brightly colored illusory world of ads, you wear them or burn them). But the brands, social media, consuming, etc., appropriation of protest just generates sales while the real world- where we actually for the companies adopting the rhetoric live-gets ignored. Let us not go down this and imagery. path any further, but turn back, change Recall that word "consumer"? People ourselves, and step out of the consumer­ are so accustomed to sales-speak that activist trap. this term rarely elicits attention, but think What now? Maybe the ad ignited about the definition of consumption; it is some feeling, some drive in you. Perhaps not to act or effect change, but merely to this article or another piqued your interest devour resources. That is precisely what in working for change in a meaningful happens by playing into the capitalist way. Good. You can still buy some Nike consumer/producer game, with the self­ shoes, but don't stop there. Research justifying assertion that it's "your choice" the organizations to which Kaepernick or "expressing yourself" or some such is donating money. Read and listen to nonsense. A company's first and only other activists, living and dead, who have responsibility, as dictated by capitalism addressed the same issues- some of whom (and borne out by Nike's own checkered are far too radical to ever show up on a history with respect to labor, wages, billboard or in your social media news sweatshops and more), is simply to make feed. Contact local organizations and get as much money as possible. That's it. IfNike involved with them. is genuinely the best shoe for your training regimen, fine; don't kid yourself that a flashy Go further. ad and your expensive purchase are helping Don't just buy it; go do it. you "be the change you wish to see:' Other than sales for Nike, the only other salient effect is a subtler one: allowing the consumption mindset to creep into all areas of life only serves to reinforce status quo corporate capitalism. This makes radical change less, not more, likely. It also strengthens the class divisions that make these problems so intractable at present. Consumers (not supporters) of a cause buy products and conclude that they've somehow lived up to their ideals and made Don't just buy it; go do it an impact; all they've done is support Nike

22 THE PACTFIC SENTINEL BOOK REVTEW

Shock & Resistance in Puerto Rico Naomi Klein's latest book Battle for Paradise

by Matthew Neil Andrews the strip-mined and hurricane-wrecked entrepreneurs, and Governor Ricardo Naomi Klein writes two kinds of archipelago for their own luxuriant, tax­ Rossell6, calling Maria's devastation a books. There's the big books: No Logo dodging purposes. "blank canvas:' (1999), The Shock Doctrine (2007), and This Klein is not afraid to take sides, and Klein traces the struggle between Changes Everything (2014). The middle doesn't pull her punches. You may end up Puerto Rican community organizers and one, a generalized examination of disaster disagreeing with much of what she says, disaster capitalism, from pre-Maria years capitalism and its tactics; the earlier book, but you will at least understand exactly of privatization schemes, military and an analysis of one specific exploitative where she's coming from. Her writing industrial testing, and austerity policies tool-branding-and the economic is impassioned and detailed: she avoids up through post-Maria struggles to retain systems which wield it and depend upon generalities, instead discussing real people and reclaim local sovereignty, autonomy, it; the latter book, a detailed look at global and real organizations, letting their words and sustainability. In only 80 pages-no climate chaos and the systems which cause and actions speak for themselves. endnotes, no bibliography-Klein lets and exploit it. We meet Arturo Massol-Deya, a Puerto Ricans tell their stories, shines a All three are dense but digestible "bearded biologist" who runs Casa Pueblo, spotlight on their defeats and successes, tomes, well-sourced and well-argued, the solar-powered "community and ecology and demonstrates how shock and resistance transparently biased but non-partisan, center" that became a beacon-politically are playing out right now, in one very near deeply critical and deliberately optimistic. and literally-when its solar microgrid corner of our world. Klein tells relatable stories about made it the only place with working exploitation and its discontents, and backs electricity for miles around. Klein relates it all up with massive bibliographies and Casa Pueblo's history while recording what detailed endnotes. You can breeze through Massol-Deya has to say about Maria and any of these in a couple days, and then its aftermath, Puerto Rico's continuing spend the next year following up on her history of colonialism, and the possibilities research. for resistance and renewal that disaster Then there's the small books, of which can bring to those who are determined to The Battle for Paradise (2018) is the latest. As survive it. in her other recent book, No Is Not Enough We meet another set of determined (20 17), Klein eschews the grander, more developers, our story's villains: a coterie formal method of her earlier books for case of politicians, corporate miscreants, and studies which build on and illuminate the libertarian billionaires bent on buying up bigger picture, making compact, immediate evacuated land and turning it into a utopia pleas to the consciences and intellects of of low taxes, cryptocurrency mining, her readers. In The Battle for Paradise, she and pifia coladas. Here we meet such writes about Hurricane Maria's impact characters as Department of Economic on the struggle between the citizens of Development and Commerce Secretary Puerto Rico and the "Puertopians"-wild­ Manuel Laboy Rivera, promoting business­ eyed disaster capitalists bent on remaking friendly policies to a conference of crypto-

THE PACIFIC SENTINEL 23 A Campus Oddity

by ShaM ]oluuorJ connection with the bird as users follow its fairly weB presaibed area that they're going You may have glimpsed it from the antics onJi.ne. When Cow Pigeon developed to live within, and tbey"ve got stable social comerofyoureye, ablurofwbitemovemeat a limp last spring, many followers expressed relationships,• be Slid. "Malet ucl felnala along the sidewalk u you walk to daii. You concern for its wellbeing and collectively will pair up and they will stay~ for may net even remember the enc:oantel; its sighed relief when the limp passed. long periods of time.. lock ,.,... ~ quick movanents relegated to the depths of 1he account's creator, a PSU film the potential to breed yar-i'oUad, ....U., your subconscious. It hat admirers by the major who graduated last year, assumed hatching two ega at a ijsne and will reuse a hundreds. strangers who walk amoaa you, the account lfOUid come to an end when nest fur many oft'lpriJis. UDimowinglyunited by a 11J9e a...._ It they mewed - of state after graduating. Howner, there is no dear way of is a pigeon unlike the Rlt. But '"LCP." .. many followers lovingly refer knowing Cow Pigeods sex without~ Dubbed ·utde Cow PipOD. due to to the hird. CU. gained enough attention a closer look. "'We can't tell externally its distinc:t ~ pluuulge with .... blick 1hat the PSU community sends in content whether it's male or female unless we had it spots, nominisc:ent of a stereotypcal dairy on the regular keeping the account alive in band,• Dr. Murphy explained. "Testes are

THE PACIFIC SENTJKEL 25 JUSTICf fOR

Oliver Meadors, Alex Herrera, and Donald ThompASON\JASHJNson III hold #DisarrnPSU protest sign at the Sept. 24 Rall y. ~photos rnN by Jake Johnson Navy Vet Killed by Campus Police: #DisarmPSU Responds A good guy with a gun was killed by another good guy with a gun

by Jake Johns on Jason Washington was trying to break up Within 32 seconds of opening the car On June 29, Navy veteran and postal a fight on SW College St. between SW doors to exit their police vehicle, officers worker Jason Washington was killed by Sixth Ave. and SW Broadway when PSU Dewey and McKenzie had fired 17 rounds Portland State campus police officers. A Campus Police Officers James Dewey and at Washington, hitting him 9 times­ grand jury chose not to indict the officers Shawn McKenzie arrived on the scene. One including in the right side of his neck and involved. Portland State University Student of the officers grabbed Washington's arm left cheek. The other eight bullets missed Union responded on the first day of 2018- and told him he needed him to back up. Washington and, fortunately, the several 2019 school year with a #DisarmPSU Washington fell to the ground and a gun other people who were in the area because protest that marched through the Park fell from a holster on his hip. The officer of the scuffle. Washington was a Navy Blocks leading to a rally in front of the noted Washington had a gun. Washington veteran, he possessed a valid concealed Campus Public Safety Office. The rally realized the gun had fallen on the ground, permit, and he was a Black man. kicked off a 10-day occupation of CPSO, he picked it up and started walking away. The PSU BOT added armed and culminating in a nearly four-hour long PSU There is a three second window at this deputized Portland State University Police Board of Trustees meeting where students, point where one of the officers shouts, to campus in 2014. PSU students and faculty, staff, and the community at large "Drop the gun! Drop the Gun! We will faculty, at the time and since, have largely took turns informing the trustees of their shoot you! " Then the officers immediately denounced CPSO carrying lethal weapons overwhelming support for the disarming of unload 17 shots. Not three seconds after and warned the decision would mean the campus police. the officer tells Washington to drop the gun killing of an innocent person, probably a or they will shoot him. Three seconds from person of color- and that person would Washington was shot 9 times by the moment when the "d" in the first "drop probably be a Black man. This summer, police who fired 17 bullets the gun" to the moment when shots begin that warning became a tragic reality. Around 1:30 a.m. on June 29, 2018, to ring out.

26 THE PACIFIC SENTINEL His friends and family erected a "It's not 1940; it's 2018 and innocent Campus Police Chief Donnell Tanksley];' memorial in the area of his death. The people are still being shot in the back;' he said. "If you look at the policy manual memorial was full of American flags, said Kevin Rhea, a friend of the family. "I for this university. ..that is produced by a photos, and messages on a gate to the lost a nephew to Nazis in San Francisco 22 corporation that produces 90 percent of the Broadway building. They wrote messages years ago, and my dad said at the time, 'It policy manuals, it tells them that it's okay on the pillar Washington was standing next won't stop: He was at a bar having a beer to use force the way that they did. Inside to when he was shot. In August, the family with his softball team and he walked out, that policy manual it says that Donnell was told by the university they needed to and a group of neo-Nazis grabbed him, put Tanksley, the director of the Campus Public remove the items from the gate. On Aug. his head on a curb, and chinned him. And Safety Office, can direct them to disarm. He 17, Washington's family complied and took I thought, 'You know what, I don't want my can do that right now-if he wanted to. If the memorial down, but the pillar's written daughter, my nieces, my nephews, to grow that is what the university wanted to do. If messages remained-until 6:30 a.m. Aug. up and see this stuff happen:" they wanted to respond to the necessity of 23, when a man with a pressure washer He said his 15-year-old daughter this movement, they would-but for them cleaned them off. called him while she was in Paris to tell it's about money:' him her friend's father was just shot. "I felt PSUSU organizer Olivia Pace stood #DisarmPSU occupies CPSO like I was shot. We all should feel like we've near Thompson, nodding in agreement On Sept. 24, PSU's fall term began and been shot-because at some point, you and surveying the scene. The crowd asked PSUSU's #DisarmPSU campaign initiated might be shot-and if your skin is a little bit Thompson who could order police to occupation of CPSO after a rally. The darker, the odds of you getting shot, guess disarm. "Donnell Tanksley; or his boss rally saw speakers including Washington's what, they just went up ...My daughter is Kevin Reynolds;' he responded. "That's family, friends, a co-worker, students, and Chinese .. .she might get shot; our Native a funny thing: the Campus Public Safety other community members including Americans are getting shot:' Office is a sub-department of the finance Portland City Council candidate Jo Ann Between speakers, the crowd chanted and administration department of the Hardesty. During the rally, students held Jason Washington's name and "shame on university. His immediate peers-the signs and passed out information including you" directed at both the CPSO office and people who have the same boss as him­ the campaigns three demands: " l. Disarm the university. Associated Students of PSU are our treasurer, our campus planner, the all PSU officers now, 2. Fire officers Student Fee Committee Chair Donald people who decide how money is spent. McKenzie and Dewey for murdering Jason, Thompson III criticized the university's What the BOT and President Shoureshi are 3. Establish a permanent memorial to Jason lack of urgency in its response. "All of these trying to do is use the same money that you that is led by his family." demands could be met right now... by this pay to go to this university to use Margolis One of Washington's daughters spoke man right here [pointing at Campus Safety/ Healy- a firm that measures whether or while trying to hold back tears. "He was the best dad, husband, grandfather, friend;' she Th e Washington family holding protest signs and listening to speakers at th e Sept. 24 rally said. "I know we can't bring him back­ but I really wish I could. But they can do better. .. It hurts so bad. It hurts to lose someone-but it's so much worse that he was taken over nothing ... He did what he always did, to protect his friends; that's all he wanted to do. He was shot in the back. Before this, I wanted to give benefit of the doubt to police officers also, but you can't. They target minorities; this is so obvious. He did everything right, and he was still shot:' Washington's wife Michelle and their daughters spoke about who Jason Washington was: He was the kind of guy that would go out of his way to shake the hands of police officers and thank them for their service. Michelle Washington said her last communication from her husband was through a text message he sent to let her know he called an Uber to pick him up. One of his daughter's said even if he knew he'd get shot by police while breaking up a fight, he still would have tried, because that's just who he was.

THE PACIFIC SENTINEL 27 "This is not a gun control issue;' Pace said. "This is centered around the power of campus police, not guns:' Pace said she believes Washington was using his weapon and his presence the way students hope police officers would respond-and yet he was killed for it. "We [PSUSU] don't support the incrimination of acts which are not violent:' Pace believes the answer to those concerned with whether the campus would be safe without armed officers lies in the fact that PSU was safe prior to arming officers. Many people are concerned by how PSU Olivia Pace announces #DisarmPSU's occupation ofCPSO at Sept. 24 rally. can be safe when a situation arises where you might need officers with guns, like not you are within average compliance communicated regularly with the an active shooter situation; but Portland of every other university that's out there Washington family to make sure PSUSU's Police Bureau is located just three minutes shooting people wantonly. They're gonna #DisarmPSU campaign aligned with what away, and frequently officers are even pay them, to give us a free pass; they're the family wanted. Through the camp closer. However, PPB's guns don't make gonna pay OIR [another consulting firm] and volunteers across campus, PSUSU everyone comfortable. In an unrelated to give them a free pass. That's what our passed out fliers informing students and event to #DisarmPSU, PPB shot and killed dollars go towards. That's what our taxes go community members about why they Patrick Kimmons in Northwest Portland towards:' Someone in the crowd shouted: felt it was important these demands be nearly one week into the #DisarmPSU "That ain't right." met immediately and that concerned occupation in the early morning of Sept. "It isn't right;' Thompson responded. community members should attend the 30. Officers in Kimmons' case also fired "For them it is completely about 'how PSU BOT meeting on Oct. 4 and tell them many shots: 10-12. expensive is it going to be to absolve to disarm. ourselves of responsibility for a murder During the occupation, several Oct. 4 BOT meeting that we could have prevented: That is protesters alleged CPSO officers made The BOT meeting was full of energy unacceptable. Until we have a body of rather passive-aggressive taunts; including from the audience toward the trustees, democratically elected members of our own that the media didn't care, and once while who sat in their chairs while students community- not people who have enough bringing an individual past the occupation spoke. Most members didn't engage money to be recognized as powerful by in handcuffs, told the detained person to students except to tell speakers their this governor of our state; people who "say hello to your friends [the occupiers]:· allotted speaking time was up, for which aren't friends with the president of our However, the occupation was peaceful, and most of the audience would chant, "Let university-it is only at that point that we occupiers remained compliant with CPSO them speak:' The meeting was moved to can have a safe community, that we can demands to maintain a clear path through Lincoln Performance Hall to accomodate a begin building towards that. the accessibility ramp and up the stairs much larger attendance than the meeting's '1\s long as 11 of the 14 members of leading to the doors of the CPSO office. original location has capacity for. For the our governing body don't have offices here, The occupation was covered by most, if first few hours, even the larger space was don't have a reason to be here;' Thompson not all, local media outlets including PSU at least close to capacity. PSUSU submitted continued, "that have no fear about getting Vanguard, OPB, Th e Oregonian, Portland a hefty petition: over 5,000 physical and shot by the police because they will never Tribune, Portland Mercury, Willamette over 2,000 digital signatures in support encounter them-or because they're Week, KOIN, KATU, KGW, KBOO and of disarmament. white;' "and rich;' Pace added. '1\.nd rich;' globally syndicated Democracy Now! Faculty, students, and community Thompson echoed in agreement. "How The occupation was supported with members spoke out against the BOT's can we expect them to understand what it's food donations, largely by individuals, but 2014 decision to arm officers. Speakers like to be us? We can't. And so remember: businesses-including Revoluci6n Coffee reminded the BOT that despite Donnell Tanksley, his boss Kevin Reynolds, House and the occupation's very close overwhelming opposition, the BOT armed his boss President Rahmat Shoureshi those neighbors Green Zebra and Coco Donuts­ officers anyway. Speakers reminded the three people could, right now, at this also donated food and coffee. Coco Donuts' BOT that in 2014 they knew campus police moment say 'Our policy is different. We manager shrugged when asked about the would shoot someone they shouldn't, and respect the people who live here and know donations, saying sometimes they just had they did. Many echoed #DisarmPSU's what it's like to be here, and we're gonna extra donuts at the end of the day. three demands to make sure the BOT take away the guns:" Olivia Pace is an organizer with and anyone watching the event had no The occupation served as an PSUSU's #DisarmPSU and addressed a few confusion about what the students were educational tool for PSUSU, which of the main concerns about the occupation. hoping would happen.

28 THE PACIFIC SENTINEL School of Gender, Race and Nations officers can be unarmed on the one hand, "I only have one question to pose to Director Dr. Winston Grady-Willis but that everyone in this community can you today: What is this worth?" Pace asked. informed the BOT of several faculty feel safe, just as that happens:' "What is maintaining this policy worth to within SGRN's stance on #DisarmPSU. Olivia Pace addressed the BOT all of you? Is it worth having another uproar "We absolutely support the demands of as well. "The fact that you're offering on campus? Is it worth having students the PSUSU students and, additionally, we condolences and then asking the family sleeping on the front steps of the campus thank you for recognizing the significance to come up and speak when you didn't safety office? Is it worth having those of the moment..:' he said. "We also called warn them beforehand, coming here students getting sick? Is it really worth for, in our most recent statement, you to acting like you're sorry-a few of you got the hit to PSU's reputation? Is it worth seriously consider an immediate disarming bandanas because you are the ones that the 24-hour news cycle showing up on of CPSO officers until both the independent voted this policy through that killed Jason campus every day? Is it worth somebody's consulting firm and the advisory group Washington-it's disgusting;' Pace said to life? Is it worth standing up here and here on campus speak to you in terms of the board. "You're not sorry. If you were defending somebody's life being taken their reports and their findings:' sorry you would have listened like five away? This is the fifth year of the Disarm "Just want to reiterate something that years ago .. . I'm a member of Portland State PSU movement. Saying the community several folks have said already, in terms of University Student Union. I'm a childcare has spoken is an understatement. The acknowledging the significance of the work worker on this campus. This is my fifth year student union has gathered thousands of of PSUSU;' he continued. "Those of us who at this school. I am one of the students who signatures representing more people than come from activist traditions, we know that have been sleeping and working day in and have ever been polled on this issue by our power concedes nothing without a demand day out at the occupation for Jason outside administration, or the board, or ASPSU­ as Frederick Douglass so correctly noted of our Campus Public Safety Office for the in only eight days:' before. And the one thing that I really want last 10 days. I am very very tired:' "The idea that an independent review to stress that sometimes gets on some of us: "I demand that you disarm campus is needed in order to get insight on what Some of us may think that it's kinda easy security;' Pace continued. "I demand to do is a farce. That's ridiculous; you know to take a stand or to occupy a plaza, it's that you fire officers Shawn McKenzie how we feel;' Pace said. "You know what the not easy at all...There is a courage, there is and James Dewey for murdering Jason people who actually run this campus want. a sacrifice, there's a willingness to literally Washington. I demand that you erect a This is a place of scholarship, so why do we put yourself in harms way-which is what permanent memorial to Jason Washington need to bring in another set of outsiders? these activists and community members on our campus. I'm not here today to try to You are all already outsiders. are doing- that cannot be underscored." appeal to you on the basis of morality one "We have held rally after rally, "Some of you may be concerned that more time. I'm not going to try to convince interview after interview, march after if there's a decision to immediately disarm, you of why the decision to arm our campus march. We have watched somebody die that that would be a concession, that that police was a bad idea. You know my stance, because of this policy-and don't try and might be perceived as giving ground;' and the general stance of the students, staff, evade your responsibility for that fact. Grady-Willis continued. "And I would and faculty on this campus very well; there Somebody died on PSU police's watch after just like to stress that in terms of a short is no need to mull over it again. At the same our community, for years, said that this view of Portland State's history, that could time, I am certain that those of you that would be the exact situation we would find be the case. But when you look at the long voted in favor of an armed campus security ourselves in if we had armed campus police history of the institution, the fact on the did it out of the financial interests of this deployed to this campus. Why did it take ground has been that CPSO officers have institution and what you might be able to somebody dying for you to even consider not been armed ...It's an incredibly daunting gain from those-not out an the idea that [Pace used air quotes] 'wrestling with the task to try to imagine-in this militarized implementing this policy would make moment with respect to police forces, not students' lives safer. only nationally, but around the world­ "Do I think most CPSO officers not being armed, but I think of you have illusions that there's something in the marrow of that a higher amount of our bones here as an institution that can policing in a community actually allow us to imagine that that really creates more safety? could happen. Yes. Do I think that "A number of us in SGRN have the higher chance of come out with two statements, bedrock investment and money support of this movement- but there for development that are individuals even within our school will come to PSU in who believe that arming CPSO actually is the wake of an armed important;' he continued. "And so, I would campus police force was encourage all of us, and particularly you your main incentive? members of the BOT: Lift up the difficult­ Also yes. but far from impossible-idea that CPSO

THE PACIFIC SENTTNEL 29 Association members attended the meeting to support disarmament. A letter from Lane Community College students in support of #DisarmPSU was read aloud by ASPSU's CPSO Ad Hoc Committee member Camilo Assad. After the meeting was over, the majority of non-PSU BOT members left promptly. Sho Dozono, Erica Bestpitch, ASPSU President Luis Balderas-Villagrana, and student member Tony Leiva stayed to listen while trustee and PSU Associate Professor Maude Hines MA'TTE~ conversed with #DisarmPSU organizer SON'S LIFE Olivia Pace, who was then sitting on the MATTER'S stage asking what else the BOT needed to realize the immediate necessity to disarm. Trustees Pete Nickerson, Margaret D. Kirkpatrick, Gregory Hinckley, and In response to the support PSU President Rahmat Shoureshi listening to students, Oct 4, 2018 #DisarmPSU has received from other colleges and universities, Donald Thompson III emphasized at an ASPSU issue again'? Why does it have to be after best friend; or you can save yourselves the CPSO Ad Hoc Committee meeting somebody died on this campus? Why do further embarrassment, make yourselves the need to prioritize support for other we have to occupy the front of CPSO? Why look like heroes, stand up in the face of institutions and their campaigns to disarm are we still here? This is ridiculous. You all what everybody in this community and when their time comes. This spirit of look ridiculous:' across the country has correctly identified coalition building and mutual support "Our power is growing, our campaign as another case of racist police violence. appears consistent in all aspects of the is growing, our numbers are growing, our Whether this battle continues or ends, campaign to disarm campus police, not determination is growing, your power is it's in your hands. Look at what you have only in PSU between students, student weakening;' Pace said. "The days are gone created [Pace pointed to the crowded groups, and faculty, but also in state- and of you making us look like immature room]. Is it really worth all of this? Say his nationwide calls for the removal of guns students with fringe ideas. We are part of a name. [crowd shouts Jason Washington]. from security on educational campuses. convention of student movements working Say his name. [Jason Washington] . Say his in conjunction with contemporary civil name! [Jason Washington] . I have 648 more PSUSU disbands occupation but rights movements. We have a simple belief signatures for you that you're gonna hand movement continues that those who make a community work off to Antonio [student trustee member Students left the BOT meeting, should be the ones with the loudest and Antonio Leiva] because you want to pass it protested, went back to CPSO, and voted to most important voice on the method as off to him, but you have to deal with this, disband the occupation. PSUSU organizer it's created to keep a community safe. I ask and you're going to lose if you don't listen Kaitlyn Dey talked about the decision you, in the era of Trump and everything to us soon:' to disband. "Before we even started the horrific that has preceded it and come out Many speakers criticized the trustees occupation, we had talks about ending it of it, what side of history would you like to and President Rahmat Shoureshi for not and how we wanted to end it;' Dey said. be on? If you choose to continue to fight engaging more with students and the "Because we didn't want it to just fizzle out, this battle, you will lose. Washington family. Several speakers said that would just be kinda weird and people "It is the students who learn here, that of the BOT only Tony, the BOT student would just remember it fizzling out. We do research here; it is the staff who work trustee, had come by the camp to talk to wanted it to end on something big-which here, who make the food, who run the them. Some speakers said that Shoureshi is why we intentionally decided to end it at housing, who take care of people's children; would take the long way around to avoid the Board of Trustees meeting. and the faculty who teach us to use our speaking with students and community "[The occupation] was to really put voices, teach us to call your authority into members who were occupying CPSO. the word out that this is happening, this is question. It is all of those forces against President Rahmat Shoureshi has initiated what happened over the summer; we're not you. So, you're gonna lose ...Somebody outside investigations despite the grand gonna let PSU sweep it under the rug;' Dey has died on your watch, on the watch of jury decision-consulting firm Margolis continued. "And we also wanted to recruit every board member who voted yes on Healy is looking into campus public safety new people, so we can now build on the this policy. It is time for you to give it up. policies and OIR Group is examining the campaign .. .Our membership has probably You can either continue to perpetuate the shooting itself. doubled since the occupation. So, now that corporatization of the public university and Far from being attended solely we've done that, we're starting to talk about turn a blind eye to a family who has lost by PSU students, University of Oregon what we might want to do going forward­ their husband, father, brother, grandfather, student leadership and Oregon Student and it will probably just be an array of

30 THE PACIFIC SENTINEL tactics -because we don't want to just keep ASPSU CPSO Ad Hoc Committee me;' Balderas-Villagrana said, iterating the same things going. Associated Students of Portland State the committee is still rooted in that 2016 "We put a lot of emphasis on University , has played a very visible role resolution. He said this was done with coalition. Because something the Board in the campaign to disarm campus police the belief that due to the circumstances of Trustees has done in the past-and the since Washington was killed. The windows surrounding Washington's death, Balderas­ university in general-has kind of written of their office in Smith Memorial Student Villagrana and ASPSU felt they needed to off #DisarmPSU as a campaign of just Union facing the large, heavily trafficked turn a stance into an active committee in some ...fringe students going off and just street still have signs showing support for order to make their belief an action and doing this big campaign, but [PSU claims] #DisarmPSU. Some signs read: "Disarm a priority. Balderas-Villagrana said he it's not actually representative of the whole PSU NOW!!!" "Welcome to AmeriKKKa, respects the amount of work students have school. So that's why we collaborate with cops get away with murder;' "Remember put into the #DisarmPSU occupation and ASPSU, that's why we collaborate with Jason Washington;' as well as informational campaign. "The ad hoc committee has faculty, and we try to intersect with as fliers about the campaign. been doing amazing work these past few many student groups and student and According to ASPSU CPSO Ad weeks: They gather all the information, all community members as we can, because Hoc Committee Member Camilo Assad, the data, and so they are the people to go to we want to show that this is a campus-wide someone anonymously posted fliers stating if students want to talk or have questions. effort. Although this is being led by PSUSU, "police are not the enemy" alongside the They definitely are willing to listen to them:' the campaign is being worked on by the other posters in the ASPSU window, but The ASPSU CPSO Ad Hoc Committee entire universitY:' these fliers were quickly taken down by recently testified before the Higher Dey said she believes alternative the ASPSU staff. "[The] fliers do not in Education Coordinating Commission. solutions to armed CPSO lie in any way represent something we have Committee members Donald Thompson transformative justice and stronger democratically decided and were removed III and Camilo Assad said they weren't commitment to de-escalation techniques. by ASPSU members who felt violated by there to testify against the policy itself The memorial's details are still being the secrecy and betrayal of this action;' but against the way the BOT treats the developed. Dey said PSUSU wants the he said. "In 2016, we passed a resolution university community. "We went to testify Washington family to be in charge of the supporting disarmament and linking police on the historical context of #DisarmPSU;' specifics but that they have expressed brutality and the institutions of police on Assad said. "And more specifically to a desire for the memorial to be in the a national level with racism. The original speak to a developing pattern where the area where he was killed. An OPB article fliers [posted on the window supporting non-representative (student, faculty, staff reported PSU plans to create memory #DisarmPSU) remain under the purview member) trustees have failed to act in books for the Washington family with of ASPSU policy and positions:' the best interest or spirit of the university pictures of the memorial and of messages ASPSU President Luis Balderas­ community. We believe local business written on the column that were erased­ Villagrana said ASPSU's involvement leaders are treating our university like a but a memory book seems a far cry became more than an official stance after corporation and not a public institution for from a permanent memorial. As of this Jason Washington was killed. "The ASPSU education. We asked them to consider this publication, PSU and Shoureshi haven't [CPSO] Ad Hoc Committee was formed when tuition time comes around:' shown signs of a willingness to open up during the summer by executive order by that discussion.

Olivia Pace sits on the stage and talks to Maude Hines. Pace throws her hands in the air and asks what else the BOT needs to disarm CPSO.

THE PACTFTC SENTINEL 31 Passionate community member speaks out "I happen to feel that sometimes God puts things in your way for a reason, and I think he put this in my path, and so, here I am;' Mike Federighi said, taking a break from a solo protest on SW Broadway on Oct. 19. "Police officers haven't been held accountable enough, they haven't been in my situation; they were not in Jason Washington's. And ------'------you know what? That makes me mad. So, I could say that I'm out here because I can relate-I can't relate, I'm breathing. But I can say that my time has come, to speak out, and that's why I'm here. "You may have a feeling about armed security;' he continued. "You may have a feeling A student passes in front of the window to the ASPSU office in SMSU about when someone can draw a gun. You may have a feeling about whether police Thompson and Assad both said presented me with a lot of evidence, a lot officers always act correctly or not. You they felt the HECC was receptive and of work, research that they have done since may have a response about a lot of things. impressed by the fact that students showed the shooting that killed Jason Washington, But if you look at this specific situation, to up to testify. and it's pretty clear that police institutions me, every time, you can't help, no matter are harmful to people of color, specific what side, any part of this coin you're on, PSU compares Jason Washington Black individuals and African Americans;' to come back and say, 'In this situation, memorial to graffiti and swastikas Balderas-Villagrana said. something went really really wrong, In August 2018, OPB reported PSU "It is something that is not only and, so far, not enough accountability has President Rahmat Shoureshi stated PSU happening at PSU but it's happening been made: remains neutral in all matters of free nationwide, and I think PSU can definitely "A man got to walk away from his speech including memorials and hateful be the leading force in creating a new job, I think that's a good thing, because messages. Students recently had a meeting, institution of safety that does not use he's no longer a reminder to the campus;' with someone from PSU's Office of General weapons as the only means of calming Federighi said. "I think that both officers, Counsel and Shoureshi in which the PSU people down or bringing peace, which guns even if they were correct in their actions, legal representative doubled down by don't. So that's why I think it's important I don't think that they should be here, telling students that PSU had to treat the for us to do a bit more just so we can be they're a reminder of something that went memorial like graffiti: a public temporary the university that innovates on safety and dreadfully wrong. You know, I started this display of speech that theoretically would allows other universities and maybe other off saying that I'm not a big fan of guns. I need to be cleaned up. They asked the institutions to take our model and use it in actually am a fan of guns, sad to say, in the students how they'd like the school to their own organizations;'he continued. hands of law enforcement. I think they're respond if someone posted a swastika. Balderas-Villagrana is diplomatic necessary in this day and age. I think that in his views of PSU's BOT. "I think they when law enforcement is doing their job Keeping an open dialogue were listening, and I wished they would correctly, we should all want them armed. and listening have expressed that a little bit more ... and Some people don't. But we shouldn't allow Despite having taken a hard stance I think they need to continue to listen to them to fire 17 times. in favor of disarming campus police, students. I was there listening to students, "For those people that say that Balderas-Villagrana said he is committed I was taking notes, I wasn't on my phone there's not enough training, I do think to listening to students- not just those or anything .. .I wish there was more of that, there's an appropriate amount of training, who agree, but also those who oppose to actually sit there and listen to them. So, which furthers the idea that did you need ASPSU's decision. He said he feels it is his I wish they had done a little bit better, but to immediately draw your gun in that responsibility as ASPSU president to make I feel like they did [listen] ... But I feel like situation? .. .! can't speak to what went on in the effort to listen to everyone. However, they should be preparing for this campaign their minds: I wasn't there, I'm not them. Balderas-Villagrana said the data are as it only gets bigger and more students are But what I can speak to is that if you are convincing. "The ad hoc committee has becoming aware:' trained correctly, couldn't you have found

32 THE PACIFIC SENTINEL some other ways to do what you did? And on water and someone else is drowning?" we want to create, it will never come true. couldn't you see that there was literally a he said. "I mean you are the person who's The world I want to participate in is one man at his feet? If you didn't even want to literally stepping on their head at times, in which Jason Washington's death is not look at the fact that he wasn't firing at you, while you're walking on water and they're repeated, and in which the pain his family couldn't you look at the fact that you didn't drowning. It's too easy to believe the police and his community is made to suffer does wanna kill this other person? I mean what, immediately... Maybe there was a time and not befall anyone else:' you're trading what? A situation where no place when the police had a better record "The most uplifting part has one has been shot for one that someone is and everything, but those days are done. definitely been the amount of support now dead, and you could've killed someone They have so much power and authority. that we've gotten, we've gotten so much else who wasn't even holding a gun. Why aren't we making them immediately support to the point where it's almost a Every time you circle around this issue, have to answer? Instead of going, 'Oh it's little overwhelming, we didn't expect it there's problems. the police department, we're gonna trust all, so that's very hopeful;' Kaitlyn Dey "Take their police department. I them 100 percent: Why don't they have to said. "We've seen a lot of minds change, was arguing that PSU doesn't even need prove themselves as much as the person too; because it hasn't been just an influx of an armed police department, but then they've arrested [has to]? It's crazy:' support, it's been an influx of people who I read, from PSU-which who knows, didn't support us but now support us .. . everyone has their own story it would Why keep fighting to #DisarmPSU so seeing a lot of minds change is really seem-that the Portland Police felt that Washington was killed while trying to hopeful for me:' they could not give adequate protection to break up a fight and maintain control over "Everyone who's involved with the this campus;' Federighi continued. "I think his weapon. Washington wasn't fighting ad hoc committee and with me, we're just that's horseshit. anyone, he was trying to de-escalate. He passionate about it, we want to see change; "You've got a downtown precinct. Oh was killed because officers speculated that we don't want to see people dying anymore my god, do you get to cop out of anything he might use the gun in his possession to because of those reasons:' Balderas­ and everything? Why are we paying you? shoot at them. Villagrana said. "We see it every day in I mean is this just another way to shake "What's in it for me is that I believe the news where somebody is targeted just out more dollars? Where is the level of firmly in contributing to my community, because of the color of their skin, and so commitment? Shoot, can I tell you I am a no matter where that is;' Camilo Assad we can't just keep going with the status quo, firm advocate in doing things to the fullest, wrote. "In my community, my tax dollars we have to challenge it, we have to change but you know what? I'm a citizen; you're (or tuition fees) paid for a security these institutions, we have to make them a police officer. I feel like your level of force that murdered someone. The better. So if the students become engaged excellence is so much higher, it's consistent. administration whose salaries I pay have with that, that's what the university is here If you're feeling like you're in a bad mood tried to avoid dealing with this situation for, to innovate on things. And so if we're and some of your biases and your history and are willing to give themselves good PR not doing that, then what's the point of and all that is going to affect your decision­ without addressing the desires and safety being at a university if you're just gonna say making ability then again, take the day off, of their community. I feel obligated to 'we're different; but just follow all the same sit out, get it together, go somewhere and speak up when my contributions paid for things that every other university does?" masturbate, whatever, get in a happy spot. an institution that murdered someone. If But you don't get to treat people differently. we don't play a role in shaping the world And you don't get to use excessive force. "You are literally the most important cog in the wheel, you can't do that, you absolutely can't. You've got a gun, you've got a right to have a gun, and to fire it and to arrest people. If you don't see how that impacts everything in society, you're crazy. Maybe part of the problem is, you feel an immunity that maybe you shouldn't. And I'm not just talking about being on the job and being prosecuted when your actions are out of line. I'm saying you also seem to feel an immunity when it comes to being out in a community as well, that you are above the law, literally, not only above the law, but also that you're never gonna be affected-and you probably won't because of the job you hold. "But can't you get it through your thick head that that's exactly why you can walk

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34 THE PACIFIC SENTINEL Palestinian Film Fest

byCory Elia Perhaps the most thought provoking territorial split; this was immediately The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is a of the films was The Occupation of the followed by a period of incredibly violent tough subject for some to talk about. From American Mind. Prior to the screening fighting between 1950-1967; which led October 5-7, 2018 PSU's 5th Ave. Cinema was an eight minute clip that explored right into The Six Day War of June 1967; hosted the Palestinian film fest entitled the history of how the Jewish people fled then another period of intense fighting Human Rights in the Holy Land: The Rest Europe following the Nazi holocaust of from 1967- 1993, which reduced the of the Story. The festival consisted of several WWII and claimed Jerusalem as their own, amount of territory occupied by the movies examining the conflict from the citing biblical text as proof. Palestinians to what is currently known as Palestinian perspective and multiple short The Occupation of the American the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, with a clips giving an explanation of the regional Mind showed how continual Israeli few small outcroppings of settlements in­ conflict's history in some aspect or another. military occupation of Palestinian territory between. The Stones Cry Out is a film which coupled with non-stop invasions of From 1993-2000 the Oslo Peace showed how for 70 years Palestinians­ the Gaza strip have been scrutinized Process saw representatives of the Israeli including Muslims, Christians, and worldwide except in the United States. It government and the Palestinian Liberation others-suffered occupation, oppression, also explained how the US has continually Organization negotiating towards a expulsion, displacement, and even wars. provided support financially to the Israeli proposed two-state solution-which The film gave a voice to the often silenced state since its creation. ultimately failed. 2000-2005 was one of the Palestinian Christians during these It played to a packed house of about most intense periods of conflict between tumultuous events. The film covers the 50 to 60 people. Those in attendance were the two states and was known as the time period from the 1948 Palestinian eager, intrigued, and interested at the second uprising of the Palestinian people. exodus, known as "Nakba" - in which beginning; but within a few minutes of From that time in 2005, a Palestinian group 700,000 palestinians fled or were expelled the main film starting, and showing the known as Hamas-whose main objective from Jerusalem during the Palestinian overwhelmingly terrifying history of the is to work towards the obliteration of War-to the present day. conflict, the crowd changed to a more quiet the Israeli state on Palestinian ancestral The Wanted 18 documented a group and solemn demeanor. land-has grown in power and has made of Palestinians in Beit Sahour who started The conflict began with the Zionist it clear they will never accept any form of a dairy farm and hid their 18 cows from movement becoming a political aspiration a negotiation or peace treaty as sufficient Israeli security forces when the dairy in 1897 for the Jewish people to reclaim enough to make up for what they and collective became deemed a threat to the the land of Zion, which had been a part many other countries see as the deliberate national security of Israel. The film was a of the Jewish belief system for well over cleansing of a people. split of both live footage and animations. a millennium. However, since the 1500s After the movie, a panel consisting One of the more shocking films the region had been primarily inhabited of Jenka Soderberg from KBOO radio and of the festival was created by a Portland by Arab Muslims and most of the Jewish the Ned Rosch of Jewish Voice for Peace local filmmaker named Zelda Edmunds. Population was spread throughout Europe. Portland spoke about the films and the Edmunds' film, Imprisoning a Generation, There had been many attempts conflict. Ned shared how he was of Jewish examined ways in which Palestinian for mass resettlement of the region by descent and that having studied the conflict children are arrested and imprisoned by the Jewish people, but it wasn't until the so intensely he can't help but feel horrified the Israeli state in an attempt to break the atrocities of the Jewish Holocaust that for the pain the Palestinian people have next generation. It follows four Palestinian mass migration to Jerusalem occured. In felt. Also during the panel the distinction children that are imprisoned in what was 1947 the UN ruled that the region be split was made clear that these films were not formerly their home but is now Israeli between the Jewish and Arab peoples; 55% meant to generate an anti-Semitic mindset territory and the torture they endure on of the land was given to the Jews and 45% to but to bring a voice to an often silenced a daily basis, it's almost difficult to not the Arabs. This was instantly contested by cultural outcry. Since President Trump draw a comparison between the recent the Arabs as being unfair. Since that time declared Jerusalem as the Israeli capital on detainment of children by Immigration there has been a vast number of conflicts December 6, 2017 tensions in the region and Customs Enforcement (ICE), and this between the two groups. could only foreseeably intensify further. situation. More on this film can be found at The Palestine War from 1947-1949 www.anemoia.net. began quickly after the UN mandated

THE PACIFIC SENTINEL 35 PSU Bored of Distrust

by G. ]. Schneider The board of trustees heard an the recent campus shooting, and the death The Portland State University Board abundance of students speak at their of Jason Washington. Balderas-Villagrana of Trustees is made up of mostly affluent meeting on October 4th, 2018. The students' went on to say "There was a lot of great individuals with the final vote on big presence and advocacy was in opposition student support for the meeting ...! felt decisions for PSU-like arming campus of arming campus security. Associated completely ignored:' security and raising tuition. In this time Students of PSU President Luis Balderas­ Regarding the board of trustees of keen socio-economic criticism and Villagrana, said, "I was disappointed with private follow up meeting, student board high civic engagement, the responsibility the board's response to the students. I representative Antonio Leiva said at an of evaluating PSU legislation has been thought it was disrespectful of the board to ASPSU Executive Board meeting, "There taken on by more than just administrators. simply walk out after the meeting:' He felt, was a lot of stuff that was said that was Faculty, staff, and students are engaging in given the student's powerful statements in needed to get the board's attention ... I'm discourse with the boards and committees opposition of arming campus security, the not allowed to talk about what they [the who have the say on issues that affect the board of trustees ought to have given more board] said:' Though, when questioned on Portland State Community. consideration and time to those affected by the nature of the discussion, Antonio was

36 THE PACIFIC SENTINEL able to disclose that the board's discussion The Governor spends a small amount looking into a referendum for Oregon State was "positive;' but he is not sure when they of time on the Portland State campus. The Legislation. It is not a defacto happenstance will make a decision. Leiva followed up by Governor was not part of the Portland State that the trustees are appointed by the commenting about the board meeting, "It community mourning the death of Jason Governor. The Governor selects the was essentially 37 students just roasting the Washington, and the Governor's appointed trustees because this is a state law. (See board. Which was good:' Board won't be stuck with another 248 Oregon State Law Chapter 352 section 76 #DISARMPSU and tuition increases hours worth of work given the tuition subsections 1-4). Changing these standards have been two of the hottest topics on increase. The bottom line is most of the will not be a simple feat. This is the essence the Portland State Campus. Going into current board does not represent Portland of bureaucracy and democracy. the 2018-2019 academic year, student State, and these people are not affected by This reporter has a hunch these representatives are looking at the source their decisions for this university. Though wealthy Portland elites may have been of these problems that university students, safety and financial stability are common selected because of their deep pockets as staff, and faculty are campaigning against. goals, how these are to be achieved look opposed to their deep hearts for PSU. Even PSU community members are looking different in a boardroom than they do on if these folks do care about PSU, they into a referendum for the Oregon state the students' campus. are not who ought to make life-changing legislation which may be at the root of This dissonance has caused Student decisions for PSU students. these campus issues. Government members to question the Since PSU students, staff, and faculty According to ASPSU President Governor's authority to appoint the occupied Portland State in demand of Balderas-Villagrana, the proposed tuition members of the PSU Board of Trustees. disarming campus security, #DISARMPSU, increase for the 2019-2020 academic year There are community members, like it has come time to question the origin of is 10%-double the proposed tuition Professor Hines who has been faculty the arming decision and the institutional increase for this academic year. This at Portland State since 2000, currently changes which may need to accompany the percentage increase will cost out of state representing the needs and wants of those protest. The protest is having a resurgence undergraduate students taking 16 credits most affected by the Board's decisions. on social media, engaging the otherwise approximately $3,097 more a year. With Although there are only three community uninvolved, and keeping the conversation minimum wage increasing to $12.50 in July representatives, if the Governor will not going. Justice for Jason Washington is a 2019, it would take a student 248 hours to appoint more, Student representatives may demand. The tuition increase will not be earn that increase before taxes. choose to begin a referendum. A change in accepted without a fight. This tuition increase will be voted Oregon State Legislation may be upon us. Can these protests change the minds on by the board of trustees. Those on the The three actual Portland State or hearts of the Board? The scientific board appointed by the governor include University community members on the process is recognizing patterns and making former General Manager ofNike in China, fifteen-member board were fought for assumptions of the future based on those Pete Nickerson; Oregon's largest tech by the students and hold a 1/5 voting observations. The patterns seen from company president, Gregory Hinckley; minority. The Portland State University the Board are not those Portland State self-identified 'serial entrepreneur; Irving community's one student representative, Students want to see. Given the vitality of Levin; Nike Legal Manager Lindsay one staff representative, and one faculty these protests, and the minimally flexible Stewart; and two executives for NW Natural representative did not vote to arm Campus board, being vocal might not be enough. Gas: Vice President for Public Affairs, Public Safety Officers in 2015, and all three Keeping the conversation going might Thomas !meson, and Senior Vice President consistently oppose raising tuition. not be enough. A hashtag might not be of Environmental Affairs, Margaret If the board was essentially made up enough. Protest is not going to change Kirkpatrick. Along with these elites stand of voters whose demographic matched that legislation alone. The process for state law three PSU community members: one of Portland State University, the university referendums is long and bureaucratic. student representative, Antonio Leiva; one would likely have unarmed campus Contacting district representatives and staff representative, Erica Bestpitch; and security and we would likely not have beginning petitions are being considered one faculty representative, Maude Hines. tuition increases like the 10% suggested for by student leaders. Change may not come Oregon state law requires all public next year. Though you cannot prove that easily, but the first step is admitting there university board of trustee members be which may have been yet is not, tuition is a problem. appointed by the Governor; those who increases and arming campus public safety decide the Portland State Tuition and those officers were decisions made by the current who decided to arm campus security are PSU Board of Trustees and voted against by not necessarily members of the Portland the community representatives. State community. PSU community members are

THE PACIFIC SENTINEL 37 Patriot Prayer and Proud Boys' waving American flags during march in downtown Portland ended in massive bloody brawl. Photos by Cory Eli a, Oct. 13, 2018 Latest bloodshed in Portland yet another tiring example of Patriot Prayer's hypocrisy

by Cory Elia corner of Nordstrom across from Pioneer begin, journalist Jacqueline Keeler received Patriot Prayer marched in downtown Square in response to what he says is the an International SOS urging travelers to Portland on October 13, 2018 for "Law actions of Mayor Wheeler allowing "angry "plan routes avoiding a rally by the far-right and Order" in response to an altercation mobs to run the streets:' Patriot Prayer group. .: ' where travelers between protesters of the Patrick Kimmons "We need as many American flags may experience ". . .incidental exposure to shooting and a driver who drove through as we can bring, it's a beautiful thing to violence:' the crowd a week before on October 6. see American flags in downtown Portland By 6:15 p.m. on Saturday October After a video of the incident went because American flags aren't very 13th, about a hundred Patriot Prayer and viral nationwide and FOX news made it welcomed;' Gibson said in a video for the Proud Boys members assembled outside look worse than it was, Mayor Ted Wheeler event. of Nordstrom. Patriot Prayer's Joey Gibson responded in his monthly press briefing "Ted Wheeler is already feeling the and Tusitala "Tiny" Toese took turns by saying, "at any given moment in this pressure, simply by making one live video giving speeches while the last few of their city the police are being criticized for he decides to come out and have a press members arrived. being heavy handed and intervening too conference about it;' Gibson said. He As 7 p.m. rolled around, 150 or so quickly or they're being criticized for being also announced his intention to have the Patriot Prayer and Proud Boys started standoffish and not intervening quickly group march by the memorial for Patrick their march chanting simply "USA!" and enough:' Kimmons at the corner ofSW Harvey Milk "Trump!" as they walked down the sidewalk While the Mayor said he was appalled St. and SW Fourth Ave. to the corner ofSW 6th and Yamhill before by the incident, he also said that he agreed That same evening, October 12, the heading towards the Patrick Kimmons with the police decision not to intervene Proud Boys and racist skinheads were memorial at corner ofSW 4th and SW Stark. and that "crowd control situations need to seen brutally assaulting people side by This is when the Portland Police Bureau be handled on a case-to-case basis:' side in New York City after Proud Boys' made their presence known, informing the In response to this, on October 12, leader Gavin Mcinnes gave a speech inside group to stay on the sidewalks. When the 2018, Joey Gibson, Patriot Prayer's leader the Metropolitan Republican Club in group arrived at the Kimmons memorial announced on the group's Facebook page Manhattan. they were met by around 200-300 "bloca their intention to form a flash march at At 2:10p.m. on the 13th, hours before out" antifascist counter-protesters and 6 p.m. on October 13, 2018, on the NE the Patriot Prayer march was scheduled to plain-clothed civilians.

38 THE PACIFIC SENTINEL After about 30 minutes of the groups yelling at each other, members of Patriot Prayer delivered flowers to the Kimmons memorial and an antifascist protester started to burn an American flag-the flag was snatched up by a Patriot Prayer member before it was burned to ashes. Another 5 minutes or so passed and the right-wing group continued their march, going down two more blocks, taking a left on Pine followed by a left on 5th to head back towards Pioneer Square. When the group got to 5th and Harvey Milk they attempted to take a left I and head right back towards the Kimmons memorial but were met by a wall of Patriot Prayer members beginning to assemble. Photo by Cory Elia antifascist protesters. After several tense moments of a standoff, multiple antifascists started to spray the crowd with bear spray, and an all-out brawl between the groups occurred in front of Kelly's Olympian. After several moments of officers struggling to maintain order due to more than a half dozen fights happening simultaneously; including one where a far­ right protester saw a counterprotester being kicked repeatedly while on the ground, ran over, and brutally stomped on a man's head three times. Rubber bullets were deployed by PPB and the groups separated. It was announced later by PPB that no arrests were made. Once Patriot Prayer and the Proud Counterprotesters at Patrick Kimmons memorial confront Patriot Prayer at SW MLK and SW 4th Boys re-formed their groups, and the antifascists retreated back to the Kimmons memorial behind a police line. Gibson and his cohorts continued back down 5th, while several members (including minority members) made the known white supremacist hand signal of an upside-down OK at any camera they could till they got to pioneer square and marched back to their starting spot in front of Nordstroms by 8pm. By 9pm most of the group had disbursed leaving only about 30 of the group waiting for their ride to arrive. KOIN 6 reported that four individuals were treated for injuries at the scene, and reportedly no one was taken to the hospital, even though the individual whose Shoeprints wander through a pool of blood from the counterprotester's head. photo: Jake Johnson head was stomped on 3 times clearly lost a significant amount of blood.

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