Polio-Related Media Articles from Six Selected Media Sources, January 2014 to April 2015

Polio-related Media Articles from Six Selected Media Sources, January 2014 to April 2015

The tables below show the traditional media reports published from January 1, 2014 to April 30, 2015 that were pertinent to poliomyelitis and one or more of the five countries highlighted in our sub-corpora (i.e. #India, #Iraq, #Nigeria, #Pakistan, #Syria). Associations between Twitter conversations and traditional media reports were found by date. If a media report was published within 3 days (before or after) an identified Twitter peak of the country of interest, that media report is flagged as being time-associated with that peak. All references for the traditional media reports are included in the bibliography regardless of inclusion status in any of the tables below.

Notes: Dates are listed as month/date/year following the American convention.

Acronyms used:

CNN: Cable News Network

NPR: National Public Radio

NY Times: New York Times

PRI: Public Radio International

Supplementary Table I: Traditional Media Reports on Polio and India

Article Title Author Source Date Time Association “A Conversation With: Deepak Kapur, Chairman of India Chabbra, E. NY Times 1/13/2014 Concurrent National PolioPlus Committee” “Scientists Celebrate ‘Major Milestone’ Towards Global Buchanan, R.T. The 11/15/2014 None Eradication of Polio” Independent “India ‘to be Declared Polio Free’ After Three Years Free of Krishnan, J. The 1/13/2014 Concurrent the Disease” Independent “Crawling in a ‘Polio-Free’ Country” Lewin, L. CNN 4/22/2015 None “After Ending Polio, India Turns to Stop Another Childhood Doucleff, M. NPR 3/30/2014 None Killer” “Southeast Asia Free of Polio as India Declares Health McCarthy, J. NPR 3/27/2014 None Victory” “The World Health Organization Declared These 11 countries Thomson Reuters PRI 3/27/2014 None in Asia Free of Polio” Agence French-Presse “India’s Successful Polio Campaign a Model for Other Stuart, E. PRI 2/3/2014 After peak 1 and Countries” prior to peak 2.

Supplementary Table II: Traditional Media Reports on Polio and Iraq

Article Title Author Source Date Time Association “Polio Spreads from Syria to Iraq, Causing Worries” Gladstone, R. NY Times 4/7/2014 Concurrent “U.N. Warns of Polio Risk in War Zones” Gladstone, R. NY Times 7/22/2014 None “Amid Iraq’s Political Chaos, a New Polio Vaccination Gladstone, R. NY Times 8/11/2014 Concurrent Campaign Faces Challenges” “14 Million Children Suffering as Result of War in Syria and Cumming-Bruce, N. NY Times 3/12/2015 Concurrent Iraq, UNICEF Says” “ISIS Militants Grant Access to Polio Vaccination Teams in Buncombe, A. The 2/3/2015 After Syria and Iraq” Independent “Scientists Celebrate ‘Major Milestone’ Towards Global Buchanan, R.T. The 11/15/2014 None Eradication of Polio” Independent “Dexter Filkins on ISIS And The ‘Bitter Consequences’ of the Gross, T. NPR 6/25/2014 None Iraq War” “For Fleeing Iraqis, Kurdish Areas are the Safe Zone” Fadel, L. NPR 6/17/2014 None “The Shape of Extremist Ambitions in Iraq and Beyond” Block, M. NPR 6/17/2014 None “Iraqi Forces, Bolstered by New Recruits, Get Ready to Push Bohani, P. PRI 6/16/2014 None Back Against ISIL” “World Health Organization Holds Emergency Meeting on Kelland, K and PRI 4/28/2014 None Cross-Border Spread of Polio” Thomson Reuters

Supplementary Table III: Traditional Media Reports on Polio and Nigeria

Article Title Author Source Date Time Association “Nigeria is Free of Ebola, Health Agency Affirms” Cumming-Bruce, N. NY Times 10/20/2014 None “Bill Gates: Violence in Pakistan and Nigeria Threatens Plan Buncombe, A. The 1/22/2014 After to Eradicate Polio by 2018” Independent “Nigeria is on the Verge of Bidding Goodbye to Polio” Beaubien, J. NPR 2/12/2015 None “Vaccine Controversies are as Social as They are Medical” NPR Staff NPR 9/30/2014 None “Why Bill Gates Fights Diseases Abroad, Not at Home” NPR Staff NPR 4/24/2014 None “Polio Threatens to Spread Through Central Africa” Beaubien, J. NPR 4/19/2014 None “Polio Hits Equatorial Guinea, Threatens Central Africa” Beaubien, J. NPR 4/17/2014 None “Here’s How Nigeria Successfully Curbed its Ebola Outbreak” Eboh, C., Ukomadu, A. PRI 10/20/2014 None Thomson Reuters “World Health Organization Holds Emergency Meeting on Kelland, K, Thomson PRI 4/28/2014 None Cross-Border Spread of Polio” Reuters

Supplementary Table IV: Traditional Media Reports on Polio and Pakistan

Article Title Author Source Date Time Association “Polio Team Attacked in Pakistan” Masood, S. NY Times 2/14/2015 None “Polio Crisis Deepens in Pakistan, With New Cases and Walsh, D. NY Times 11/26/2014 Concurrent Killings” “Pakistan: Departing Travelers Must Get Polio Vaccine” The Associated Press NY Times 5/13/2014 After “Anti-Polio Worker Slain in Pakistan” Masood, S. NY Times 12/9/2014 After “Pakistani Officials Issue Arrest Warrants Over Refusals of Khan, I. NY Times 2/27/2015 None Polio Vaccine” “Gunmen Kill Health Workers From Pakistan Polio Drive” Khan, I. NY Times 3/17/2015 None “Rare Afghan Polio Case Tied to Pakistan” Norland, R. NY Times 2/11/2014 None “Pakistan: Province Bars Entry to Those Not Vaccinated for McNeil Jr., D.G. NY Times 5/6/2014 Concurrent Polio” “Pakistan: Antivaccine Parents Arrested” The Associated Press NY Times 3/2/2015 None “Disease of Pakistan’s Poor Now Worries the Affluent” Imtias, S., Walsh, D. NY Times 5/10/2014 After “Pakistan Goes After Militants in Northwest” Masood, S. NY Times 1/21/2014 None “Pakistan: Unicef Workers Freed” Gladstone, R. NY Times 4/21/2014 None “Pakistani Taliban, Announcing Cease-Fire, Urge the Revival Masood, S. NY Times 3/1/2014 None of Peace Talks” “Taliban Move Brings Halt to Airstrikes in Pakistan” Masood, S. NY Times 3/2/2014 None “Killings Rise in Karachi as Taliban Target Police” Ur-Rehman, Z., Walsh, NY Times 5/13/2014 None D. “Taliban Besiege Pakistan School, Leaving 145 Dead” Walsh, D. NY Times 12/16/2014 After “Polio in Pakistan: Hundreds of Parents Arrested for Refusing Grant, K. The 2/5/2015 None to Vaccinate Children Against Virus” Independent “Scientists celebrate ‘major milestone’ towards global Buchanan, R.T. The 11/15/2014 None eradication of polio” Independent “Polio battle: How Pakistan’s Refugee Problem Helped in One Buncombe, A. The 8/11/2014 None of Final Frontiers” Independent “Taliban Calls for Truce in Pakistan on Day Polio Workers are Buncombe, A. The 3/1/2014 None Attacked” Independent “Pakistan: Bombs Kill 12 in Attacks on Police Officers Buncombe, A. The 3/1/2014 None Guarding Polio Vaccination Teams” Independent “Bill Gates: Violence in Pakistan and Nigeria Threatens Plan Buncombe, A. The 1/22/2014 None

8 to Eradicate Polio by 2018” Independent “A Boy and Six Policeman Killed in Pakistan Bicycle Bomb Gander, K. The 1/22/2014 None Attack” Independent “Gunmen Kill 6 Police Escorting Spanish Cyclist in Pakistan, Fox News Fox News 1/23/2014 None While Touring the World” “Security Forces Kill School Massacre Planner in Pakistan Fox News Fox News 12/27/2014 After Shootout” “Pakistan Trench on Disputed Afghan Border Carves New Rift The Associated Press Fox News 12/4/2014 After Between US Allies” “Workers Brave Militant Attacks to Vaccinate For Polio” Martin, R. NPR 11/30/2014 After “Vaccine Controversies are as Social as They are Medical” NPR Staff NPR 9/30/2014 None “Helping Children, Despite Death Threats: A Vaccinator Beaubien, J. NPR 8/3/2014 None Explains” “Polio’s Surge In Pakistan: Are Parents Part of the Problem?” Aizenman, N. NPR 7/30/2014 None “The Hidden Costs of Fighting Polio in Pakistan” Beaubien, J. NPR 7/29/2014 None “Taliban in Pakistan Derail World Polio Eradication” Beaubien, J. NPR 7/28/2014 None “The Comeback of Polio is a Public Health Emergency” Beaubien, J. NPR 5/5/2014 Concurrent “Why Bill Gates Fights Diseases Abroad, Not at Home” NPR Staff NPR 4/24/2014 None “How Polio is Crippling Pakistan” Basu, I. PRI 8/22/2014 None “I Could Have Carried Polio out of Pakistan, and No One Karimjee, M. PRI 6/15/2014 None Would Have Known”

Supplementary Table V: Traditional Media Reports on Polio and Syria

Article Title Author Source Date Time Association “Polio Spreads from Syria to Iraq, Causing Worries” Gladstone, R. NY Times 4/7/2014 None “U.N. Warns of Polio Risk in War Zones” Gladstone, R. NY Times 7/22/2014 None “Polio Vaccination Effort in Syria Appears to Have Some Gladstone, R. NY Times 1/9/2014 None Effect” “Bad Vaccine Kills Dozens of Children Inside Syria” Gladstone, R., Saad, H. NY Times 9/17/2014 None “Syria: Opposition Investigates Vaccine” Gladstone, R. NY Times 9/18/2014 None “Report Cites ‘Devastating Toll’ on Health of Syria’s Gladstone, R. NY Times 3/9/2014 None Children” “Health Care Workers Under Attack in Syria, Doctors Say” Gladstone, R. NY Times 5/14/2014 After “U.N. Finds Humanitarian Aid Still Blocked in Syria, Despite Sengupta, S. NY Times 4/24/2014 None Resolution” “14 Million Children Suffering as Result of War in Syria and Cumming-Bruce, N. NY Times 3/12/2015 None Iraq, UNICEF Says” “ISIS Militants Grant Access to Polio Vaccination Teams in Buncombe, A. The 2/3/2015 After Syria and Iraq” Independent “Scientists Celebrate ‘Major Milestone’ Towards Global Buchanan, R.T. The 11/15/2014 None Eradication of Polio” Independent “Vaccine Mix-Up Leaves 15 Syrian Infants Dead” Fox News Fox News 9/18/2014 None “The Toll of Syria’s Devastation: The Three-Year Civil War, The Associated Press Fox News 1/24/2014 After by the Numbers” “Despite UN Security Council Demands, Syria Humanitarian Russell, G. Fox News 4/24/2014 None Plight Worse than Ever, Report Says” “With Stakes High and Expectations Low, Syrian Peace Talks The Associated Press Fox News 1/20/2014 None Set to Open This Week in Switzerland” “The Comeback of Polio is a Public Health Emergency” Beaubien, J. NPR 5/5/2014 Before “Why Bill Gates Fights Diseases Abroad, Not at Home” NPR Staff NPR 4/24/2014 None “Reflecting On 3-Year Syrian War: ‘There But for The Grace Ruth, A. NPR 3/15/2014 None of God’” “In Syria, Not Just Bullets and Bombs Harming Children” Martin, M. NPR 3/12/2014 None “World Health Organization Holds Emergency Meeting on Kelland, K., Thomson PRI 4/28/2014 Before Cross-Border Spread of Polio” Reuters “Day 1,107: Will this be the Greatest Tragedy of the Syria Horn, H. PRI 3/28/2014 None

Conflict?” “Syria’s Other ‘Weapons’ of War: Starvation and Sickness” Boghani, P. PRI 3/10/2014 None “9 Numbers that Explain How Bad it is in Syria Right Now” Jackson, A. PRI 2/27/2014 None “Nations Pledge $2.4 Billion in aid for Syria as UN Issues Boghani, P. PRI 1/15/2014 None Distress Call”

Bibliography of news articles

Aizenman, N. (2014, July 30). Polio’s Surge in Pakistan: Are Parents Part of the Problem? NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Associated Press, The. (2015, March 2). Pakistan: Antivaccine Parents Arrested. The New York Times. Retrieved on April 1, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Associated Press, The. (2014, May 13). Pakistan: Departing Travelers Must Get Polio Vaccine. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 27, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Associated Press, The. (2014, December 4). Pakistan Trench on Disputed Afghan Border Carves New Rift Between US Allies. Fox News. Retrieved on April 3, 2017, from http://www.foxnews.com

Associated Press, The. (2014, January 24). The Toll of Syria’s Devastation: The Three-Year Civil War, by the Numbers. Fox News. Retrieved on April 3, 2017, from http://www.foxnews.com

Associated Press, The. (2014, January 20). With Stakes High and Expectations Low, Syrian Peace Talks Set to Open This Week in Switzerland. Fox News. Retrieved on April 3, 2017, from http://www.foxnews.com

Basu, I. (2014, August 22). How Polio is Crippling Pakistan. PRI. Retrieved on April 5, 2017, from http://www.pri.org

Beaubien, J. (2014, August 3). Helping Children, Despite Death Threats: A Vaccinator Explains. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Beaubien, J. (2015, February 12). Nigeria is on the Verge of Bidding Goodbye to Polio. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Beaubien, J. (2014, April 17). Polio Hits Equatorial Guinea, Threatens Central Africa. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Beaubien, J. (2014, April 19). Polio Threatens to Spread Through Central Africa. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Beaubien, J. (2014, July 28). Taliban in Pakistan Derail World Polio Eradication. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Beaubien, J. (2014, May 5). The Comeback of Polio is a Public Health Emergency. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Beaubien, J. (2014, July 29). The Hidden Costs of Fighting Polio in Pakistan. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Block, M., Amos, D. (2014, June 17). The Shape of Extremist Ambitions in Iraq and Beyond. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Boghani, P. (2014, June 16). Iraqi Forces, Bolstered by New Recruits, Get Ready to Push Back Against ISIL (Live Blog). PRI. Retrieved on April 5, 2017, from http://www.pri.org

Boghani, P. (2014, February 11). Kabul Discovers its First Case of Polio in 13 Years. PRI. Retrieved on April 5, 2017, from http://www.pri.org

Boghani, P. (2014, January 15). Nations Pledge $2.4 Billion in Aid for Syria as UN Issues Distress Call. PRI. Retrieved on April 5, 2017, from http://www.pri.org

Boghani, P. (2014, March 10). Syria’s Other ‘Weapons’ of War: Starvation and Sickness. PRI. Retrieved on April 5, 2017, from http://www.pri.org

Buchanan, R.T. (2015, February 14). Scientists Attempt to Artificially Copy Polio Virus in Major Step Towards Eradicating Virus. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Buchanan, R.T. (2014, November 15). Scientists Celebrate ‘Major Milestone’ Towards Global Eradication of Polio. The Independent. Retrieved on April 1, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Buchanan, R.T. (2015, January 31). US Father Petitions Local Authority to Ban All Unimmunised Children From Cancer Recovering Son’s School. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Buncombe, A. (2014, January 22). Bill Gates: Violence in Pakistan and Nigeria Threatens Plan to Eradicate Polio by 2018. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Buncombe, A. (2015, February 3). Isis Militants Grant Access to Polio Vaccination Teams in Syria and Iraq. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Buncombe, A. (2014, March 1). Pakistan: Bombs Kill 12 in Attacks on Police Officers Guarding Polio Vaccination Teams. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Buncombe, A. (2014, March 1). Taliban Calls for Truce in Pakistan on Day Polio Workers are Attacked. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Buncombe, A. (2014, August 11). Polio Battle: How Pakistan’s Refugee Problem Helped in One of Final Frontiers. The Independent. Retrieved on April 1, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Carberry, S. (2014, February 4). An Afghan Success Story: Fewer Child Deaths. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Carrington, D. (2014, July 3). Skate it Like Beckham: Polio Survivors Play Football on Wheels. CNN. Retrieved on April 2, 2017, from http://www.cnn.com

Chabbra, E. (2014, January 13). A Conversation With: Deepak Kapur, Chairman of India National PolioPlus Committee. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 26, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Connor, S. (2014, July 6). US Scientist Professor Yoshihiro Kawaoka’s Mutated H1N1 Flu Virus ‘Poses a Threat to Human Population if it Should Escape,’ Says Critic. The Independent. Retrieved on April 1, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Cumming-Bruce, N. (2015, March 12). 14 Million Children Suffering as Result of War in Syria and Iraq, UNICEF Says. The New York Times. Retrieved on April 1, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Cumming-Bruce, N. (2014, October 20). Nigeria is Free of Ebola, Health Agency Affirms. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 28, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Doucleff, M. (2014, March 30). After Ending Polio, India Turns to Stop Another Childhood Killer. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Eboh, C., Ukomadu, A., Thomson Reuters. (2014, October 20). Here’s How Nigeria Successfully Curbed its Ebola Outbreak. PRI. Retrieved on April 5, 2017, from http://www.pri.org

Fadel, L. (2014, June 17). For Fleeing Iraqis, Kurdish Areas are the Safe Zone. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Fox News. (2014, January 23). Gunmen Kill 6 Police Escorting Spanish Cyclists in Pakistan, While Touring the World. Fox News. Retrieved on April 3, 2017, from http://www.foxnews.com

Fox News. (2014, December 27). Security Forces Kill School Massacre Planner in Pakistan Shootout. Fox News. Retrieved on April 3, 2017, from http://www.foxnews.com

Fox News. (2014, September 18). Vaccine Mix-Up Leaves 15 Syrian Infants Dead. Fox News. Retrieved on April 3, 2017, from http://www.foxnews.com

Gander, K. (2014, January 22). A Boy and Six Policemen Killed in Pakistan Bicycle Bomb Attack. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Gander, K. (2015, March 2). Page 3 Profile: John Simpson, C-Brace Patient. The Independent. Retrieved April 1, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Gant, K. (2015, February 5). Polio in Pakistan: Hundreds of Parents Arrested for Refusing to Vaccinate Children Against Virus. The Independent. Retrieved April 1, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Gladstone, R. (2014, August 11). Amid Iraq’s Political Chaos, a New Polio Vaccination Campaign Faces Challenges. The New York Times. Retrieved March 28, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Gladstone, R. (2014, May 14). Health Care Workers Under Attack in Syria, Doctors Say. The New York Times. Retrieved March 27, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Gladstone, R. (2014, April 21). Pakistan: Unicef Workers Freed. The New York Times. Retrieved March 27, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Gladstone, R. (2014, April 7). Polio Spreads From Syria to Iraq, Causing Worries. The New York Times. Retrieved March 27, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Gladstone, R. (2014, January 9). Polio Vaccination Effort in Syria Appears to Have Some Effect. The New York Times. Retrieved March 26, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Gladstone, R. (2014, March 9). Report Cites ‘Devastating Toll’ on Health of Syria’s Children. The New York Times. Retrieved March 26, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Gladstone, R. (2014, September 18). Syria: Opposition Investigates Vaccine. The New York Times. Retrieved March 28, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Gladstone, R. (2014, July 22). U.N. Warns of Polio Risk in War Zones. The New York Times. Retrieved March 28, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Gladstone, R., Saad, H. (2014, September 17). Bad Vaccine Kills Dozens of Children Inside Syria. The New York Times. Retrieved March 28, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Goulding, N., Carrington, D. (2014, September 16). Winners not Witches: Ghana’s Disabled Athletes Strive to Beat Stigma. CNN. Retrieved on April 2, 2017, from http://www.cnn.com

Gross, T. (2015, June 25). Dexter Filkins on ISIS and the ‘Bitter Consequences’ of the Iraq War. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Guion, P. (2015, March 31). Respiratory Virus Could be Responsible for Leaving Children with ‘Polio-Like’ Paralysis. The Independent. Retrieved on April 1, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Hooton, C. (2014, January 2014). Respiratory Virus Could be Responsible for Leaving Children with ‘Polio-Like’ Paralysis. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Horn, H. (2014, March 28). Day 1,107: Will this be the Greatest Tragedy of the Syria Conflict? PRI. Retrieved on April 5, 2017, from http://www.pri.org

Imtiaz, S., Walsh, D. (2014, May 10). Disease of Pakistan’s Poor Now Worries the Affluent. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 27, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Jackson, A. (2014. February 27). 9 Numbers that Explain How Bad it is in Syria Right Now. PRI. Retrieved on April 5, 2017, from http://www.pri.org

Jones, E.E. (2014, May 19). The Battle to Beat Polio, BBC2-TV Review: ‘Home Truths from Stephanie Flanders in a Revealing Look at the Fight Against Polio’. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Karimjee, M. (2014, June 15). I Could Have Carried Polio out of Pakistan, and No One would have Known. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Kelland, K., Thomson Reuters. (2014, April 28). World Health Organization Holds Emergency Meeting on Cross-Border Spread of Polio. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Kershner, I. (2014, January 20). U.N. Dispute Brings West Bank Differences to the Fore. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 26, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Khan, I. (2015, March 17). Gunmen Kill Health Workers From Pakistan Polio Drive. The New York Times. Retrieved on April 1, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Khan, I. (2015, February 27). Pakistani Officials Issue Arrest Warrants over Refusals of Polio Vaccine. The New York Times. Retrieved on April 1, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Krishnan, J. (2014, January 13). India ‘to be Declared Polio Free’ After Three Years Free of the Disease. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Lewin, L. (2015, April 22). Crawling in a ‘Polio-Free’ Country. CNN. Retrieved on April 2, 2017, from http://www.cnn.com

Martin, M. (2014, March 12). In Syria, Not Just Bullets and Bombs Harming Children. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Martin, R. (2014, November 30). Workers Brave Militant Attacks to Vaccinate for Polio. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Masood, S. (2014, December 9). Anti-Polio Worker Slain in Pakistan. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 29, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Masood, S. (2014, January 21). Pakistan Goes After Militants in Northwest. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 26, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Masood, S. (2014, March 1). Pakistani Taliban, Announcing Cease-Fire, Urge the Revival of Peace Talks. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 26, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Masood, S. (2014, February 14). Polio Team Attacked in Pakistan. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 26, 2017 from http://www.nytimes.com

Masood, S. (2014, March 2). Taliban Move Brings Halt to Airstrikes in Pakistan. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 26, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

McCarthy, J. (2014, March 27). Southeast Asia Free of Polio as India Declares Health Victory. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

McConnell, T. (2014, September 28). This Tiny, Distant Village Explains Everything That is Wrong with South Sudan Right Now. PRI. Retrieved on April 5, 2017, from http://www.pri.org

McNeil Jr., D.G. (2014, June 23). Brazil: Polio Virus Detected in Sewage. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 27, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

McNeil Jr., D.G. (2014, May 6). Pakistan: Province Bars Entry to Those Not Vaccinated for Polio. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 27, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

McNeil Jr., D.G. (2014, November 14). Rare Vaccine-Derived Polio Discovered in 2 Countries. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 29, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

News Desk. (2014, February 21). Burqa-Wearing Gunmen Attack Afghan Police HQ Near Kabul. PRI. Retrieved on April 5, 2017, from http://www.pri.org

Norland, R. (2014, February 11). Rare Afghan Polio Case Tied to Pakistan. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 26, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

NPR Staff. (2014, September 30). Vaccine Controversies are as Social as They are Medical. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

NPR Staff. (2014, April 24). Why Bill Gates Fights Diseases Abroad, Not at Home. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Plevin, R. (2015, February 10). Schools Not Keeping Track When Kids are Behind on Their Shots. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Rosenberg, M. (2014, June 2). Taliban Deftly Offer Message in Video of Freed U.S. Soldier. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 26, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Russell, G. (2014, April 24). Despite UN Security Council Demands, Syria Humanitarian Plight Worse than Ever, Report Says. Fox News. Retrieved on April 3, 2017, from http://www.foxnews.com

Ruth, A. (2014, March 15). Reflecting on 3-Year Syrian War: ‘There but for the Grace of God’. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Saul, H. (2014, February 11). Afghanistan Polio: Girl Diagnosed With First Case in Kabul Since 2001. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Schudel, M. (2014, July 1). Doctor Ciro de Quadros: Epidemiologist who Helped Eradicate Smallpox in the 1970’s and Polio and Measles in the Western Hemisphere. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Sengupta, S. (2014, April 24). U.N. Finds Humanitarian Aid Still Blocked in Syria, Despite Resolution. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 27, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Siegel, R. (2014, October 28). Jonas Salk’s Polio Vaccine Trials Would be Hard to Repeat Today. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Simons, A. (2014, January 11). Sporting Heroes: Practice Made Perfect Sense for Craig Johnston. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Stuart, E. (2014, January 17). Early-Stage Program Saving Mothers’ Lives in Uganda and Zambia. PRI. Retrieved on April 5, 2017, from http://www.pri.org

Stuart, E. (2014, February 3). India’s Successful Polio Campaign a Model for Other Countries. PRI. Retrieved on April 5, 2017, from http://www.pri.org

Thomson Reuters and Agence French-Presse. (2014, March 27). The World Health Organization Declared These 11 Countries in Asia Free of Polio. PRI. Retrieved on April 5, 2017, from http://www.pri.org

Tufft, B. (2014, September 3). Charities Call for the UK’s Top Tourist Attractions to Become Wheelchair Accessible. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Ur-Rehman, Z., Walsh, D. (2014, May 13). Killings Rise in Karachi as Taliban Target Police. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 27, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Vedantam, S. (2015, February 4). The Psychology Behind Why Some Kids Go Unvaccinated. NPR. Retrieved on April 4, 2017, from http://www.npr.org

Vitello, P. (2014, June 2). Ciro de Quadros, 74, Dies; Leader in Ridding Latin America of Polio. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 27, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Walker, T. (2014, February 25). Doctors Fear Return of ‘Polio-Like’ Disease after 25 Cases in California. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk

Walsh, D. (2014, November 26). Polio Crisis Deepens in Pakistan, With New Cases and Killings. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 29, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Walsh, D. (2014, December 16). Taliban Besiege Pakistan School, Leaving 145 Dead. The New York Times. Retrieved on March 29, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com

Williams, R. (2014, February 24). Doctors Baffled by Emergence of Polio-Like Disease that has Paralysed More Than 20 Children in California in Just Over a Year. The Independent. Retrieved on March 31, 2017, from http://independent.co.uk