Piracetam & Noopept & Sunifiram & Alpha GPC Or Citicoline
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(19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub
US 20130289061A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2013/0289061 A1 Bhide et al. (43) Pub. Date: Oct. 31, 2013 (54) METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS TO Publication Classi?cation PREVENT ADDICTION (51) Int. Cl. (71) Applicant: The General Hospital Corporation, A61K 31/485 (2006-01) Boston’ MA (Us) A61K 31/4458 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. (72) Inventors: Pradeep G. Bhide; Peabody, MA (US); CPC """"" " A61K31/485 (201301); ‘4161223011? Jmm‘“ Zhu’ Ansm’ MA. (Us); USPC ......... .. 514/282; 514/317; 514/654; 514/618; Thomas J. Spencer; Carhsle; MA (US); 514/279 Joseph Biederman; Brookline; MA (Us) (57) ABSTRACT Disclosed herein is a method of reducing or preventing the development of aversion to a CNS stimulant in a subject (21) App1_ NO_; 13/924,815 comprising; administering a therapeutic amount of the neu rological stimulant and administering an antagonist of the kappa opioid receptor; to thereby reduce or prevent the devel - . opment of aversion to the CNS stimulant in the subject. Also (22) Flled' Jun‘ 24’ 2013 disclosed is a method of reducing or preventing the develop ment of addiction to a CNS stimulant in a subj ect; comprising; _ _ administering the CNS stimulant and administering a mu Related U‘s‘ Apphcatlon Data opioid receptor antagonist to thereby reduce or prevent the (63) Continuation of application NO 13/389,959, ?led on development of addiction to the CNS stimulant in the subject. Apt 27’ 2012’ ?led as application NO_ PCT/US2010/ Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising 045486 on Aug' 13 2010' a central nervous system stimulant and an opioid receptor ’ antagonist. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,005,660 B2 Tygesen Et Al
USOO9005660B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,005,660 B2 Tygesen et al. (45) Date of Patent: Apr. 14, 2015 (54) IMMEDIATE RELEASE COMPOSITION 4,873,080 A 10, 1989 Bricklet al. RESISTANT TO ABUSEBY INTAKE OF 4,892,742 A 1, 1990 Shah 4,898,733. A 2f1990 DePrince et al. ALCOHOL 5,019,396 A 5/1991 Ayer et al. 5,068,112 A 11/1991 Samejima et al. (75) Inventors: Peter Holm Tygesen, Smoerum (DK); 5,082,655 A 1/1992 Snipes et al. Jan Martin Oevergaard, Frederikssund 5,102,668 A 4, 1992 Eichel et al. 5,213,808 A 5/1993 Bar Shalom et al. (DK); Joakim Oestman, Lomma (SE) 5,266,331 A 11/1993 Oshlack et al. 5,281,420 A 1/1994 Kelmet al. (73) Assignee: Egalet Ltd., London (GB) 5,352.455 A 10, 1994 Robertson 5,411,745 A 5/1995 Oshlack et al. (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 5,419,917 A 5/1995 Chen et al. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 5,422,123 A 6/1995 Conte et al. U.S.C. 154(b) by 473 days. 5,460,826 A 10, 1995 Merrill et al. 5,478,577 A 12/1995 Sackler et al. 5,508,042 A 4/1996 OShlack et al. (21) Appl. No.: 12/701.248 5,520,931 A 5/1996 Persson et al. 5,529,787 A 6/1996 Merrill et al. (22) Filed: Feb. 5, 2010 5,549,912 A 8, 1996 OShlack et al. -
Can PDE Inhibition Improve Cognition? : Translational Insights
Can PDE inhibition improve cognition? : Translational insights Citation for published version (APA): Reneerkens, O. A. H. (2013). Can PDE inhibition improve cognition? : Translational insights. Maastricht University. https://doi.org/10.26481/dis.20130418or Document status and date: Published: 01/01/2013 DOI: 10.26481/dis.20130418or Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Please check the document version of this publication: • A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement: www.umlib.nl/taverne-license Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us at: [email protected] providing details and we will investigate your claim. -
Ehealth DSI [Ehdsi V2.2.2-OR] Ehealth DSI – Master Value Set
MTC eHealth DSI [eHDSI v2.2.2-OR] eHealth DSI – Master Value Set Catalogue Responsible : eHDSI Solution Provider PublishDate : Wed Nov 08 16:16:10 CET 2017 © eHealth DSI eHDSI Solution Provider v2.2.2-OR Wed Nov 08 16:16:10 CET 2017 Page 1 of 490 MTC Table of Contents epSOSActiveIngredient 4 epSOSAdministrativeGender 148 epSOSAdverseEventType 149 epSOSAllergenNoDrugs 150 epSOSBloodGroup 155 epSOSBloodPressure 156 epSOSCodeNoMedication 157 epSOSCodeProb 158 epSOSConfidentiality 159 epSOSCountry 160 epSOSDisplayLabel 167 epSOSDocumentCode 170 epSOSDoseForm 171 epSOSHealthcareProfessionalRoles 184 epSOSIllnessesandDisorders 186 epSOSLanguage 448 epSOSMedicalDevices 458 epSOSNullFavor 461 epSOSPackage 462 © eHealth DSI eHDSI Solution Provider v2.2.2-OR Wed Nov 08 16:16:10 CET 2017 Page 2 of 490 MTC epSOSPersonalRelationship 464 epSOSPregnancyInformation 466 epSOSProcedures 467 epSOSReactionAllergy 470 epSOSResolutionOutcome 472 epSOSRoleClass 473 epSOSRouteofAdministration 474 epSOSSections 477 epSOSSeverity 478 epSOSSocialHistory 479 epSOSStatusCode 480 epSOSSubstitutionCode 481 epSOSTelecomAddress 482 epSOSTimingEvent 483 epSOSUnits 484 epSOSUnknownInformation 487 epSOSVaccine 488 © eHealth DSI eHDSI Solution Provider v2.2.2-OR Wed Nov 08 16:16:10 CET 2017 Page 3 of 490 MTC epSOSActiveIngredient epSOSActiveIngredient Value Set ID 1.3.6.1.4.1.12559.11.10.1.3.1.42.24 TRANSLATIONS Code System ID Code System Version Concept Code Description (FSN) 2.16.840.1.113883.6.73 2017-01 A ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM 2.16.840.1.113883.6.73 2017-01 -
Recent Molecular Enhancement Influenced by Natural Nootropic
Hindawi Publishing Corporation Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2016, Article ID 4391375, 12 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4391375 Review Article Establishing Natural Nootropics: Recent Molecular Enhancement Influenced by Natural Nootropic Noor Azuin Suliman,1 Che Norma Mat Taib,1 Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas,1 Mohd Ilham Adenan,2 Mohamad Taufik Hidayat Baharuldin,1 and Rusliza Basir1 1 DepartmentofHumanAnatomy,FacultyofMedicineandHealthSciences,UniversitiPutraMalaysia,43400Serdang,Malaysia 2Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Aras 9 Bangunan FF3, UiTM Puncak Alam, Bandar Baru Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Correspondence should be addressed to Che Norma Mat Taib; [email protected] Received 31 May 2016; Accepted 18 July 2016 Academic Editor: Manel Santafe Copyright © 2016 Noor Azuin Suliman et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Nootropics or smart drugs are well-known compounds or supplements that enhance the cognitive performance. They work by increasing the mental function such as memory, creativity, motivation, and attention. Recent researches were focused on establishing a new potential nootropic derived from synthetic and natural products. The influence of nootropic in the brain has been studied widely. The nootropic affects the brain performances through number of mechanisms or pathways, for example, dopaminergic pathway. Previous researches have reported the influence of nootropics on treating memory disorders, such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases. Those disorders are observed to impair the same pathways of the nootropics. -
Cognitive Enhancing Agents: Current Status in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
LE JOURNAL CANADIEN DES SCIENCES NEUROLOGIQUES REVIEW ARTICLE Cognitive Enhancing Agents: Current Status in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease Cheryl Waters ABSTRACT: Extensive recent literature on drugs used to enhance cognitive functioning, reflects the growing social problem of dementia. Many clinical trials have been undertaken with variable success. In most cases the disorder stud ied has been Alzheimer's disease. The pharmacological approach has been designed to rectify the presumed patho physiological processes characteristic of the condition. Agents tested include cerebral vasodilators, cerebral metabolic enhancers, nootropics, psychostimulants, neuropeptides and neurotransmitters with a special emphasis on drugs used to enhance cholinergic function. Ethical and practical issues concerning clinical drug trials in dementia will be discussed. RESUME: Stimulation cognitive medicamenteuse: etat de la question dans le traitement de la maladie d'Alzheimer La multiplicity des publications recentes sur les medicaments utilises pour stimuler le fonctionnement cognitif est le reflet du probl&me social sans cesse croissant de la d6mence. Plusieurs essais cliniques ont ete tentes avec des resultats variables. Dans la plupart des cas, la maladie etudiee etait la maladie d'Alzheimer. L'approche pharmacologique a ete con^ue pour corriger les processus physiopathologiques caracteristiques de la maladie. Les agents etudies incluent des vasodilatateurs cerebraux, des stimulants metaboliques cerebraux, des agents nootropes, des agents neurotropes, -
Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization
No. 31874 Multilateral Marrakesh Agreement establishing the World Trade Organ ization (with final act, annexes and protocol). Concluded at Marrakesh on 15 April 1994 Authentic texts: English, French and Spanish. Registered by the Director-General of the World Trade Organization, acting on behalf of the Parties, on 1 June 1995. Multilat ral Accord de Marrakech instituant l©Organisation mondiale du commerce (avec acte final, annexes et protocole). Conclu Marrakech le 15 avril 1994 Textes authentiques : anglais, français et espagnol. Enregistré par le Directeur général de l'Organisation mondiale du com merce, agissant au nom des Parties, le 1er juin 1995. Vol. 1867, 1-31874 4_________United Nations — Treaty Series • Nations Unies — Recueil des Traités 1995 Table of contents Table des matières Indice [Volume 1867] FINAL ACT EMBODYING THE RESULTS OF THE URUGUAY ROUND OF MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS ACTE FINAL REPRENANT LES RESULTATS DES NEGOCIATIONS COMMERCIALES MULTILATERALES DU CYCLE D©URUGUAY ACTA FINAL EN QUE SE INCORPOR N LOS RESULTADOS DE LA RONDA URUGUAY DE NEGOCIACIONES COMERCIALES MULTILATERALES SIGNATURES - SIGNATURES - FIRMAS MINISTERIAL DECISIONS, DECLARATIONS AND UNDERSTANDING DECISIONS, DECLARATIONS ET MEMORANDUM D©ACCORD MINISTERIELS DECISIONES, DECLARACIONES Y ENTEND MIENTO MINISTERIALES MARRAKESH AGREEMENT ESTABLISHING THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION ACCORD DE MARRAKECH INSTITUANT L©ORGANISATION MONDIALE DU COMMERCE ACUERDO DE MARRAKECH POR EL QUE SE ESTABLECE LA ORGANIZACI N MUND1AL DEL COMERCIO ANNEX 1 ANNEXE 1 ANEXO 1 ANNEX -
Design and Study of Piracetam-Like Nootropics, Controversial Members of the Problematic Class of Cognition-Enhancing Drugs
Current Pharmaceutical Design, 2002, 8, 125-138 125 Design and Study of Piracetam-like Nootropics, Controversial Members of the Problematic Class of Cognition-Enhancing Drugs Fulvio Gualtieri°*, Dina Manetti°, Maria Novella Romanelli° and Carla Ghelardini^ °Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universita' di Firenze, Via G. Capponi 9, I-50121 Firenze, Italy ^Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica, Universita' di Firenze, Viale Pieraccini 6, I-50139 Firenze, Italy Abstract- Cognition enhancers are drugs able to facilitate attentional abilities and acquisition, storage and retrieval of information, and to attenuate the impairment of cognitive functions associated with head traumas, stroke, age and age-related pathologies. Development of cognition enhancers is still a difficult task because of complexity of the brain functions, poor predictivity of animal tests and lengthy and expensive clinical trials. After the early serendipitous discovery of first generation cognition enhancers, current research is based on a variety of working hypotheses, derived from the progress of knowledge in the neurobiopathology of cognitive processes. Among other classes of drugs, piracetam-like cognition enhancers (nootropics) have never reached general acceptance, in spite of their excellent tolerability and safety. In the present review, after a general discussion of the problems connected with the design and development of cognition enhancers, the class is examined in more detail. Reasons for the problems encountered by nootropics, compounds therapeutically available and those in development, their structure activity relationships and mechanisms of action are discussed. Recent developments which hopefully will lead to a revival of the class are reviewed. INTRODUCTION [3]. An extremely complicated neuronal network in the brain regulates the complex mechanism of learning and memory. -
Cognitive Enhancers
Cognitive enhancers Memory enhancers are often referred to as "smart drugs", "study drugs",[1] "smart nutrients", "cognitive enhancers", "brain enhancers" or in the scientific literature as nootropics.[2] They are drugs that are purported to improve human cognitive abilities.[3][4] The term covers a broad range of substances including drugs, nutrients and herbs with purported cognitive enhancing effects. The word nootropic was coined in 1964 by Dr. Corneliu E. Giurgea, derived from the Greek words noos, or "mind," and tropein meaning "to bend/turn". Typically, nootropics are thought to work by altering the availability of the brain's supply of neurochemicals (neurotransmitters, enzymes, and hormones), by improving the brain's oxygen supply, or by stimulating nerve growth. However the efficacy of nootropic substances in most cases has not been conclusively determined. This is complicated by the difficulty of defining and quantifying cognition and intelligence. Contents 1 Availability 2 Examples 2.1 Stimulants 2.2 Replenishing and increasing neurotransmitters 2.2.1 Cholinergics 2.2.1.1 Piracetam 2.2.1.2 Aniracetam 2.2.1.3 Other cholinergics 2.2.1.4 Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors 2.2.2 Dopaminergics 2.2.3 Serotonergics 2.3 Anti-depression, adaptogenic (antistress), and mood stabilization 2.4 Brain function and improved oxygen supply 2.5 Purported memory enhancement and learning improvement 2.6 Nerve growth stimulation and brain cell protection 2.7 Recreational drugs with purported nootropic effects 2.8 Dietary nootropics 2.9 Other nootropics 2.9.1 Contentious or possibly unsafe nootropics 3 See also 3.1 Brain and neurology 3.2 Thought and thinking (what nootropics are used for) 3.3 Health 4 References 5 External links Availability Currently there are several drugs on the market that improve memory, concentration, planning and reduce impulsive behavior. -
The Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinases II and IV As Therapeutic Targets in Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review The Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinases II and IV as Therapeutic Targets in Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Kinga Sałaciak 1, Aleksandra Koszałka 1, Elzbieta˙ Zmudzka˙ 2 and Karolina Pytka 1,* 1 Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; [email protected] (K.S.); [email protected] (A.K.) 2 Department of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: CaMKII and CaMKIV are calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases playing a rudimentary role in many regulatory processes in the organism. These kinases attract increasing interest due to their involvement primarily in memory and plasticity and various cellular functions. Although CaMKII and CaMKIV are mostly recognized as the important cogs in a memory machine, little is known about their effect on mood and role in neuropsychiatric diseases etiology. Here, we aimed to review the structure and functions of CaMKII and CaMKIV, as well as how these kinases modulate the animals’ behavior to promote antidepressant-like, anxiolytic-like, and procognitive effects. The review will help in the understanding of the roles of the above kinases in the selected neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, and this knowledge can be used in future drug design. Citation: Sałaciak, K.; Koszałka, A.; Zmudzka,˙ E.; Pytka, K. The Keywords: CaMKII; CaMKIV; memory; depression; anxiety; animal studies Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinases II and IV as Therapeutic Targets in Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int. J. 1. -
Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan
Multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled randomized parallel-group clinical study of efficacy and safety of MMH-MAP in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment in subjects in early rehabilitation period of ischemic stroke Phase III Sponsor OOO «NPF «MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING» Protocol number MMH-MAP-001 Version date: August 29, 2018 ClinicalTrials.gov Id: NCT03815292 Protocol No. MMH-MAP-001 29-Aug-2018 Protocol Summary This document represents the protocol summary for the study on human subjects. The study will be carried out in accordance with ICH GCP, National Standard of the Russian Federation GOST 52379-2005 "Good Clinical Practice", World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki, relevant requirements of the regulatory authorities as well as the study procedures. Title of Study Multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled randomized parallel-group clinical study of efficacy and safety of MMH-MAP in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment in subjects in early rehabilitation period of ischemic stroke. Phase: III Sponsor: Company «MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING», Moscow, Russia Protocol No. MMH-MAP-001 Objective of the study To evaluate efficacy of MMH-MAP in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment in subjects in early rehabilitation period of ischemic stroke. To evaluate the safety of MMH-MAP in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment in subjects in early rehabilitation period of ischemic stroke. Endpoints Primary endpoint 1. Proportion of subjects with improved cognitive functions (MoCA ≥ +1) after 24-week therapy compared to baseline. Secondary endpoints 1. Change in MoCA scores after 24 weeks of treatment. 2. Percentage of patients with improved performance in activities of daily living (total Barthel Index score + 5 or more) after 24 weeks of treatment. -
9BT2018-MTI30.Pdf
UNIDAD ACADÉMICA DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD Y BIENESTAR CARRERA DE MEDICINA TRABAJO DE GRADUACIÓN PREVIO A LA OBTENCIÓN DEL TÍTULO DE MÉDICO: “PREVALENCIA Y FACTORES ASOCIADOS AL CONSUMO DE MODAFINILO, DEXTROANFETAMINA Y METILFENIDATO EN ESTUDIANTES DE LAS FACULTADES DE MEDICINA DE LA CIUDAD DE CUENCA - 2018” AUTOR: MARIO FERNANDO FÁREZ BUENAÑO DIRECTOR: DRA. ROSA ELIZABETH SOLORZANO BERNITA ASESOR: LIC. CAREM FRANCELYS PRIETO FUENMAYOR CUENCA – ECUADOR 2018 Mario Fernando Fárez Buenaño 1 RESUMEN: Antecedentes: Desde 1960 se ha documentado el consumo de medicamentos psicoestimulantes, mismo que se ha incrementado últimamente. Por adolescentes y adultos jóvenes, especialmente estudiantes de nivel superior que utilizan estas sustancias con fines recreativos o para mejorar su desempeño académico. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y factores asociados al consumo de Modafinilo, Metilfenidato y Dextroanfetamina en estudiantes de las Facultades de Medicina de las Universidades de la Ciudad de Cuenca - 2018. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional analítico de cohorte transversal que abarcó 418 estudiantes de 18 – 25 años de las Facultades de Medicina de las Universidades de la ciudad de Cuenca -2018. Para el análisis se utilizó el programa IBM SPSS v. 24. La asociación estadística fue considerada con un índice de confiabilidad del 95%, con un valor estadístico de p<0.05. Resultados: La prevalencia del consumo corresponde al 3.88%, el fármaco más consumido es modafinilo 26.8%. Los factores asociados son: grupo étnico blanco OR: 3.64 (IC: 1.73-7.63, p: 0.00), o negro OR: 4.51 (IC: 1.14-17.73, p: 0.01), edad comprendida entre 22 – 25 años OR: 1.68 (IC: 1.10-2.57, p: 0.01), nivel socioeconómico alto OR:1.58 (IC: 1.01-2.49, p: 0.04), consumo de alcohol OR: 1.98 (IC: 1.00-3.90, p: 0.04), consumo de cannabis 4.54 (IC: 2.82-7.30, p: 0.00), tener amigos que consuman estos fármacos OR: 7.12 (IC: 4.34-11.68, p: 0.00).