ECONOMICS

UDC 339.13

DEVELOPING THE SOCIALIST-ORIENTED MARKET ECONOMY IN TODAY

Tran Thi Huong PhD, e-mail: [email protected], ORCID 0000-0001-9502-8329, Academy of Journalism and Communication (AJC), , Vietnam Ha Anh Tuan PhD, e-mail: [email protected], Diplomatic Academy of Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam

Abstract. Developing a socialist-oriented market economy is an important part in the economic leadership poli- cy of the Communist Party of Vietnam during the renovation period (1986 to present). Market economy is a pre- vailing economic mode of human civilization that owns popular features reflecting full characteristics and rules of the market. Socialist orientation is Vietnam's creativity with specific features, fully reflecting the nature and characteristics of Vietnam is building. The dialectical combination of popularity and specificity, of market economy and socialist orientation under the leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam is a success of Vietnam. The paper focuses on clarifying the views of the Communist Party of Vietnam on the development of a socialist-oriented market economy, practices of its building and developing process in Vietnam; thereby, proposing solutions to continue developing socialist-oriented market economy in the future. Keywords: market economy; socialist orientation; development; Communist Party of Vietnam; the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

1. View of the Communist Party ence economy of a part of ethnic minorities of Vietnam on the development of a social- in Central Highlands and mountainous areas. ist-oriented market economy in Vietnam Policy at the 6th Congress of the Communist Looking back on more than 30 years of Party of Vietnam allows for various business national renewal (2006–2020), from the 6th types with appropriate scale to exploit poten- to the 12th National Congress of the Com- tials of all economic sectors. munist Party of Vietnam, theoretical issues At the 7th National Congress of the on the socialist-oriented market economy has Communist Party of Vietnam, in the "Plat- been constantly developed and completed. form on national construction in the period of At the 6th National Congress of the transition to socialism" (July 1991), the term Communist Party of Vietnam (December “socialist orientation” for the first time was 1986), the Party affirmed: The State uses introduced in “developing a multi-sectoral laws and policies based on the power of the commodity economy with the economy to control and directive eco- orientation” [1, p. 318]. nomic sectors under the motto “use for im- The 8th National Congress of the Party in provement, improve for better use” [1, p. 62]. 1996 summarized 10 years of national re- The characteristic of transition period to so- newal and affirmed the soundness of the line cialism in Vietnam is a multi-sectoral econ- "Building a multi-sectoral commodity omy including: state-owned economy, collec- economy operating according to the market tive economy, household economy, individu- mechanism must go hand in hand with en- al capitalist economy, state capitalist econo- hancing the management role of the State my; commodity production economy of under the socialist orientation” [2: 1996, farmers, craftsmen, small traders and subsist- p. 14]; “There is no opposition or contradic-

30 СОЦИОСФЕРА № 2 2020

ЭКОНОМИКА

tion between commodity production and so- socialist-oriented market economy is cialism. Instead, commodity production is a comprised of many ownership types and development achievement of human civiliza- economic sectors, in which the state tion, an objective existence necessary for the economy plays the decisive role; together construction of socialism and even when so- with collective economy serving as a firm cialism is built” [2: 1996, p. 97]. However, foundation of the national economy” [2: during which time, our Party only mentioned 2006, p. 77–78]. In socialist-oriented market the term “commodity economy”, “market economy, the characteristics of the market mechanism”, the concept of “market econo- economy and socialist orientation have a dia- my” had not been used. lectical relationship: market strengths are At the 9th National Congress (April used to develop production forces and econ- 2011), the Communist Party of Vietnam for omy, build material and technical foundation the first time clearly defined the socialist- for socialism, and improve people's living oriented market economy model during the conditions. The socialist orientation is guar- transition to socialism in Vietnam. The anteed in order to build an equitable, demo- Communist Party of Vietnam stated: “Social- cratic and civilized society owned by the ist-oriented market economy is a multi-sector people. commodity economy that operates according In the document of 11th National Con- to market mechanisms and is built consistent- gress, the Communist Party of Vietnam ly and permanently under the management of clearly stated: Develop a socialist-oriented the State with socialist orientation” [2: 2001, market economy with multiple ownership p. 86]. The Communist Party of Vietnam types and economic sectors, various business emphasizes the purpose of a socialist- organizations and distribution forms. Players oriented market economy, which is “to de- of different economic sectors regulated by velop production forces and economy to the law are all important components of the build a firm technical and material founda- economy, equal, cooperate and compete tion for socialism, and improve people's healthily with one another for mutual long- well-being. Developing modern production term development under law [2: 2011, p. 73– force is closely linked to building new ap- 74]. A new point in the Party's view on the propriate production relations on all three socialist-oriented market economy at the 11th aspects of ownership, management and dis- National Congress is to affirm the “equality tribution” [2: 2001, p. 86–87]. One of the before the law, develop together in the long- three key strategic breakthroughs in socio- term” of economic sectors and “to distribute economic development identified by the Par- outcomes mainly based on labor results and ty at the 9th Congress is: To synchronously economic efficiency, as well as based on capi- build socialist-oriented market economy in- tal and other resources contributions through stitutions and policies with the focus on the social security and welfare system” [2: mechanisms to thoroughly liberate produc- 2011, p. 74], in which "economic development tion forces and expand domestic and foreign is the central task" [2: 2011, p. 75], “building markets. a rational, modern and sustainable economic By the 10th National Congress (April structure” [2: 2011, p. 75]. 2006), the views on the socialist-oriented Reviewing 30 years of national renewal market economy model in Vietnam had be- (1986–2016), the 12th National Congress of come unanimous. The socialist-oriented the Party marked a new perception of the so- market economy is defined as an economic cialist-oriented market economy. The social- model inseparable from the principles and ist-oriented market rules of the market and is controlled by the “operates fully and completely in line with principles and nature of socialism. The the rules of market economy while ensuring Communist Party of Vietnam affirmed: “The the socialist orientation in accordance with

31 СОЦИОСФЕРА № 2 2020

ECONOMICS

each stage of national development. It is a the Communist Party of Vietnam on a social- modern and globally integrated market econ- ist-oriented market economy have been grad- omy managed by the rule-of-law socialist ually formed, supplemented and completed State, led by the Communist Party of Vi- in consistent with the objective law and the etnam toward the goal of prosperous people, practices of Vietnam. strong country, democracy, equity and civili- 2. Practices of building and developing zation”. In the socialist-oriented market a socialist-oriented market economy in Vi- economy in Vietnam, the state sector plays a etnam under the leadership of leading role while the private sector is an im- the Communist Party of Vietnam portant driving force of the economy. Stake- Some achievements: holders of different economic sectors are Socialist-oriented market economy is a equal, and competitive in ac- new economic model unprecedented in hu- cordance with law. The market plays the es- man history which has wisely been build by sential role in effectively mobilizing and dis- the Communist Party of Vietnam. It is a crea- tributing resources for development and is tive application of – Leninist ideas, the major motive to liberalize the production thought and the development capacity. The State distributes resources rules under specific conditions of Vietnam. through strategies, master plans and plans in Since Vietnam's implementation of a socia- conformity with the market mechanism [2: list-oriented market economy model, Viet- 2016, p. 103]. namese economy has achieved remarkable Document of the 5th Plenum of the 12th results and achievements, specifically as Central Committee defines the overall objec- follows: tive: “Continue to perfect socialist-oriented Firstly, economic growth. market economy institutions, create a solid Over the past 30 years (1986–2019), alt- premise to be able to construct successfully, hough there is fluctuation in Vietnam's eco- operate synchronously and smoothly the so- nomic growth, it is still higher than the cialist-oriented market economy. Contribute average of region and world, with the avera- to mobilizing, allocating and utilizing all re- ge increase of the whole period is nearly 7 % sources to promote fast and sustainable so- /year. According to the General Statistics cio-economic development for the goal of Office's report, GDP growth in recent years “prosperous people, strong country, democ- is as follows: in 2008 increased by 5.66 %; in racy, equity and civilization” [3, p. 29]. The 2009 increased by 5.4 %; in 2010 increased document emphasized: “Continue completing by 6.42 %; in 2011 increased by 6.24 %; in the institution to enable the development of 2012 increased by 5.25 %; in 2013 increased the private sector, making it become an im- by 5.42 %; in 2014 increased by 5.98 %; in portant driving force of the economy. Pro- 2015 increased by 6.68 %; in 2016 increased mote the formation and development of by 6.21 %; in 2017 increased by 6.81 %; in strong private economic groups with modern 2018 increased by 7.08 % [8]; in 2019 in- technology and advanced management ca- creased by 7.02 % [9]. It can be seen that the pacity. Complete policies to support the de- growth rate in 2019 is lower than 7.08 % of velopment of small and medium enterprise” 2018 but still higher than the period 2008– [3, p. 38]. The Communist Party of Vietnam 2017 [9]. for the first time identified that the state The quality of economic growth has im- economy, collective economy and private proved: In 2019, the contribution of total fac- economy constitute the core for development tor productivity (TFP) to GDP growth of an independent and sovereign economy. reached 46.11 %. The average of period In a nutshell, over more than 30 years of 2016–2019 reached 44.46 %, much higher national renewal (1986–2020), the views of than the average 33.58 % of the period 2011–

32 СОЦИОСФЕРА № 2 2020

ЭКОНОМИКА

2015. Labor productivity of the whole eco- whole country had 138.1 thousand newly nomy at current prices in 2019 is estimated at registered enterprises with a total registered 110.4 million VND/labor (equivalent to capital of VND 1,730.2 trillion and a total US$4,791/employee, an increase of US$272 registered labor of 1.254,4 thousand employ- compared to 2018 (US$4,519/labor)). At ees. There is an increase of 5.2 % in the constant prices, labor productivity increased number of enterprises, an increase of 17.1 % by 6.2 % as a result of additional labor force in the registered capital and an increase of and the increase in employed laborers in 13.3 % in the number of employees com- 2019. Investment efficiency is improved with pared to 2018. Average registered capital per many new complement production capaci- newly-established enterprise in 2019 reached ties. Incremental Capital Output Ratio VND 12.5 billion, increasing 11.2 % (ICOR) decreased from 6.42 in 2016 to 6.11 compared to previous year. If VND 2,273 in 2017; 5.97 in 2018; in 2019 is estimated to trillion of additionally registered capital from reach 6.07. The average ICOR in the period 40.1 thousand enterprises are counted, total 2016–2019 reached 6.14, lower than that of registered capital added to the economy in 6.25 of the period 2011–2015 [9]. 2019 is VND 4,003.2 trillion. In addition, Secondly, economic structure. there were 39.4 thousand enterprises having The economic structure of Vietnam has returned to operation, an increase of 15.9 % gradually shifted towards modernization. The compared to 2018, making the total number trend is to reduce agricultural sector while of newly established enterprises and busi- increasing service and industry sector, nesses back to operation in 2019 increase up specifically: the agriculture, forestry and to 177,5 thousand businesses. On average, fishery has increased by 2.01 %, contributing nearly 14.8 thousand enterprises are newly 4.6 % to the total increase; industry and con- established and returning to operation every struction has increased by 8.90 %, contrib- month [9]. All above-mentioned things show uting 50.4 %; service sector has increased by the vitality of the business environment and 7.3 %, contributing 45 % [9]. At the same open opportunities for business investment, time, the structure of economic sectors tends the market thereby will certainly be more to shift towards promoting the potential of all competitive and become the motivation for economic sectors and interleaving various development. ownership forms. Fourthly, attracting investing capital. Thirdly, ownership forms, economic sec- The investment environment is constantly tors, types of businesses. being improved, thus attracting more and Over more than 30 years of national re- more investment capital for development. newal, ownership forms of the economy have Total social investment capital of Vietnam is been developed to be more diversified, com- increasing. In order to create financial re- patible with development level of the produc- sources for development, the Communist tion force, while still able to meet the objec- Party of Vietnam and the Socialist Republic tive requirements of socialist-oriented market of Vietnam have encouraged individuals, so- economy. Until now, basically our economy cio-political organizations and economic sec- has ownership forms as follows: entire- tors to invest in economic development. people ownership, , pri- Counted only in 2019, total social investment vate ownership and mixed ownership. The capital at current prices reached VND legal rights and interests of the owners in the 2,046.8 trillion, increasing 10.2 % compared economy are guaranteed. to 2018, equivalent to 33.9 % of GDP, spe- Along with the development of owner- cifically: State-owned capital reached VND ship forms, economic sectors and types of 634.9 trillion, accounting for 31 % of total businesses have also developed. According capital and increasing 2.6 % compared to to the General Statistics Office, in 2019, the 2018; the non-state sector reached VND

33 СОЦИОСФЕРА № 2 2020

ECONOMICS

942.5 trillion, accounting for 46 % and rising enterprises and the market has not been han- by 17.3 %; FDI sector reached VND 469.4 dled clearly and transparently. trillion, accounting for 23 % and increasing Secondly, although Vietnam's economic by 7.9 % [9]. growth rate is higher than the regional and Fifth, people's living conditions and so- world average, its quality is not high and sus- cial security. tainable. Labor productivity and product People's living standards in Vietnam have quality is still low while the efficiency and been improved. In 2019, monthly income per competitiveness of the economy are not high. person is estimated at VND 4.2 million, higher Practice shows that the growth in width is than in 2018 with VND 3.9 million; The multi- decreasing while the momentum of growth in dimensional poverty rate is around 5.7 %, depth (resource efficiency, labor productivi- decreased by 1.1 % compared to 2018 [9]. ty, productivity of integrated factors) has not For the goal of socialist orientation, the been improved. unanimous view of the Communist Party of Thirdly, the economic structure is still un- Vietnam is that economic growth must go reasonable and has not been restructured in hand in hand with social progress and justice. the direction of industrialization and modern- Basic social security issues are guaranteed. ization, not promoting the potential and ad- The system of social security and welfare has vantages of industries and regions. The pro- synchronously and increasingly developed. portion of industry, agriculture and services The State pays special attention to policies in recent years has not changed drastically. which aim to alleviate poverty, create jobs, Internal restructuring has not been given ad- develop social insurance policy, preferential equate attention. Investment efficiency is not policies for people with meritorious services, as high as expected. Policies to attract FDI social assistance and social health insurance has not been innovated. Projects to attract policy. State policies allow people to enjoy FDI have increased in quantity, but the quali- better culture, health and education. Accord- ty is not guaranteed because of low technolo- ing to the General Statistics Office, total gifts gy, especially in the fields that Vietnam given to policy beneficiaries, people with needs to renew its growth model. There are meritorious services to the revolutionaries, also investment projects causing negative and social protection beneficiaries in 2019 environmental and ecological issues. accounted more than VND 5.5 trillion, in- Fourthly, the economy competitiveness is cluding VND 3.4 trillion for gifts and sup- still low, domestic enterprises have limited porting policy beneficiaries; VND 1.3 trillion ability to participate in the global value to support poor households and nearly VND chain. According to the World Economic Fo- 0.8 trillion to other hunger and social relief. rum, Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) of In addition, nearly 24 million health insur- Vietnam does increase but slowly. ance cards, free health care books / cards Fifthly, the material and spiritual life of a were given to policy beneficiaries across the part of the population still faces many diffi- country [9]. culties and is slowly improved, especially in Some limitations and weaknesses: mountainous, remote and disaster-prone are- Firstly, the process of renewing as. Although the poverty rate in Vietnam conception of the socialist-oriented market tends to decrease, income inequality is economy in Vietnam is slow. Because the increasing. Vietnam's per capita income is awareness of nature and principles of operat- significantly lower than other developing ing a market economy is still lacking, there is countries in the region such as Thailand, In- inconsistency and inadequacies in the donesia, India, , Malaysia... The num- development of socialist-oriented market ber of unemployed people is still high. Many economy. The relationship between the State, social evils have not been repelled. Traffic

34 СОЦИОСФЕРА № 2 2020

ЭКОНОМИКА

accident is increasing. The living environ- opment, with the purpose of progress, democ- ment is polluted. racy, social justice, the free and comprehen- These limitations and weaknesses of the sive development of each individual. Under economy are hindering the development of the right leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam. There are many reasons to explain Vietnam, Vietnam's economy develops effec- for this. Vietnam's socialist-oriented market tively and sustainably, creating an economic economy is an entirely new economic model, basis to ensure the country development in with no precedent in history. The thoughts of accordance with socialist orientation. the Communist Party of Vietnam in some Secondly, enhance the leadership of areas is slowly innovated. Some viewpoints the Communist Party of Vietnam in devel- and guidelines of the Party and State policies oping socialist-oriented market economy have not been properly and fully aware. The in Vietnam. Party's views and policies of socialist- Build, supplement and perfect theories of oriented market economy development is still the current developing path on the basis of slowly implemented. Besides, the effective- scientific theory and modern practices, in ac- ness of state management is still low in some cordance with the creative principles of the area, namely: planning, land, capital con- intellectual economy era. Communist Party struction, finance, banking, environmental of Vietnam always pioneers and unifies in resources,... The benefit distribution relation- renewing theoretical thinking and is deeply ship is still unfair and inconspicuous. There aware of the necessity, nature, characteris- is no effective monitoring mechanism, espe- tics, structure and operating mechanism of cially in the public sector, causing local in- the socialist-oriented market economy. De- terests, group interests and corruption still termine clearly, specifically and convincingly exist. the contents of socialist orientation in market 3. Solutions to continue developing economy. the socialist-oriented market economy in In Vietnam's socialist-oriented market Vietnam economy, the socialist-oriented element plac- Firstly, unanimity of perception of the so- es the people at the center, people are both cialist-oriented market economy in Vietnam. the goal and the driving force of the devel- The perception of the socialist-oriented opment process. The assurance of sustainable market economy has been defined in the social benefits and justice in the market documents of 12th National Congress of the economy is emphasized. Ensure that socialist Communist Party of Vietnam. The socialist- orientation does not change the common oriented market economy in Vietnam has ad- laws, principles and criteria of the market vanced production relations corresponding to economy. At the same time, the Communist the development level of production forces. Party of Vietnam needs to improve its ca- There are various forms of ownership and pacity to plan guidelines and policies for so- economic sectors, which are all equal, coop- cio-economic development; promote and im- erative and competitive in accordance with prove the quality of propaganda, advocacy, the law. The State plays the role of guiding, create uniamity within the Party and society to building and perfecting economic institu- successfully implement the Party's guidelines tions, creating a fair, transparent and healthy and policies. Strengthen leadership in institu- competitive environment; orienting and regu- tionalization, implementation, inspection and lating the economy, ensuring social progress, supervision. Build up and train the contingent equity and protect environment in each step of cadres and managers in the economic field. of development; promoting people's role in Resolutely abolish and eliminate corruption, socio-economic development. negativities, degradation in political ideology, The socialist-oriented market economy in morality, lifestyle among cadres and civil Vietnam is associated with sustainable devel- servants.

35 СОЦИОСФЕРА № 2 2020

ECONOMICS

Thirdly, improve the role and effective Fourthly, continue to build and complete management of the Socialist Republic of Vi- market factors and types, creating favorable etnam State to the socialist-oriented market environment for business activities. economy in Vietnam. Consistently implement the market price The State plays an important role, espe- mechanism, ensuring the correct, full, public cially in managing and operating the entire and transparent calculation of constituents of economy by issuing laws and ensuring the prices of essential commodities and public implementation thereof. State management of services. Continue to improve the business the economy is the comprehensive organized environment, create favorable conditions in implementation by the State's power on the accordance with international practices for entire national economy and its constituent business activities, stabilize macro-economy, parts, using economic instruments, laws and and ensure the implementation of commit- administrative. Improve the efficiency of ments on international economic integration. State management on the basis of renewing Complete legal framework to ensure the the management method from direct inter- freedom to sign and perform contracts and vention to macro management of the market; not criminalize civil disputes over contracts. implement state management through the le- Ensure the equality in access to input ele- gal system, gradually reduce administrative ments among enterprises of all economic sec- interference in the activities of markets and tors. Complete and effectively enforce legal enterprises. provisions on publicity and transparency in To do that, it is necessary to continue re- access to public resources, procurement and newing the state's macro management and investment. Enhance the transparency in state implementation method for the economy. monopoly activities; control, prevent and Emphasise on building and implementing abolish enterprise monopoly. Complete the socio-economic development strategies, institutions on market mechanism-based dis- plannings and plans in line with the market tribution of resources into industries, fields mechanism and ensure socialist orientation. and areas operating with high effectiveness There should be a reasonable assignment and and spill-over effects. Strengthen the law on close coordination between legislative, exec- business bankruptcy under the market mech- utive and judicial agencies in the state appa- anism, institutions on protection of investors, ratus. Eliminate the overlap, omission and ownership and property rights, non- the reduction of the management effective- criminalize economic and civil relations. ness of the state apparatus to the socio- Boost the development of commodity and economic development. Promote manage- service markets, including export and import ment decentralization in some areas such as markets, domestic markets and border trad- finance, investment, land in order to be suita- ing markets; develop commercial infrastruc- ble for the capacity of each management lev- ture. Develop the financial market in a bal- el. Strengthen responsibilities, strengthen in- anced and synchronous manner. Review, spection and supervision. Enhance the effi- supplement and amend laws to ensure the ciency of civil servants to meet economic implementation of the monetary policy for management requirements under the market the objective of inflation control, effectively mechanism. Build a streamlined and effec- coordinate between monetary policy, fiscal tive administration apparatus to well-serve policy and other policies. Renew, vigorously the renovation of economic growth model, and synchronously develop the science- improve growth quality, labor productivity, technology market. Intensify protection and and competitiveness of the economy. enforcement of intellectual property rights. Complete the laws, mechanisms and policies for development and smooth operation of the

36 СОЦИОСФЕРА № 2 2020

ЭКОНОМИКА

real estate market. Complete mechanisms vent and strictly handle the state of authority, and policies for synchronous and integrated harassment, corruption, negativities... development of the labor market in scale, Sixth, promote the ownership of the peo- labor quality and occupation structure. Step ple, the participation of the Vietnam Father- up the reform of wage regimes, well address- land Front and socio-political organizations ing the relationship between labor productivi- in economic development and social justice. ty increase and wage increase, taking labor Complete the legal framework to ensure productivity increase as the basis for wage the right to participate for all citizens in ac- increase. cordance with the Constitution, the rights and Fifthly, continue to improve institutions obligations of socio-political organizations, to on ownership, develop economic sectors, ensure that people have equal opportunities business types. and conditions in access to the development, The development and improvement of able to participate and benefit from the devel- ownership institutions must assure the policy opment process. The Communist Party of Vi- of diversifying ownership forms to suit the etnam, the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, so- market economy as well as maintain the so- cio-political organizations in Vietnam should cialist orientation. Continue to improve the closely associate with the people, listen to institution of ownership, develop economic their opinions and submit to their supervision. sectors and business types through fully insti- The State should take strong measures to pre- tutionalizing property rights of the State, or- vent and fight against bureaucracy, corruption, ganizations and individuals prescribed in 2013 respect the lawful and legitimate rights and Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vi- interests of the people. etnam. Ensure publicity and transparency of Bring into play the social supervision and obligations and responsibilities in the state criticism role of the Vietnam Fatherland administrative procedures and public services Front and socio-political organizations (in- so that property rights are traded smoothly; cluding 5 organizations: Vietnam General ensure the effect of enforcement and effective Confederation of Labor, Ho Chi Minh Com- protection of the property ownership. munist Youth Union, Vietnam Women's Un- The State creates favorable conditions for ion, Vietnam Farmers Association, Vietnam the development of economic sectors and Veterans Association). Collect opinions from business types. Further review and amend enterprises and the people on the implemen- some existing mechanisms and policies; sup- tation of the Party's guidelines and policies, plement and promulgate a number of new the State's policies and laws. The object of mechanisms and policies to facilitate the de- social supervision and criticism is not limited velopment of the private sector to truly be- to draft policies or schemes before promulga- come an important driving force of the econ- tion, but also needs to include what has been omy. Complete the policies in support of the adopted and is being implemented. The Vi- development of small- and medium-sized etnam Fatherland Front and socio-political enterprises. Research and develop relevant organizations should proactively propose is- programs and policies to support start-up and sues arising in practice. The State creates fa- business development, especially enterprises vorable conditions for socio-professional or- investing in clean agriculture, high technolo- ganizations to participate in governmental gy, agro-forestry and fishery, tourism, ser- programs and projects to support enterprises, vices... Speed up the reform of administrative promote cooperative form of business, and procedures related to investment, business provide support services for enterprises to activities, land, eliminate irrational and trou- penetrate and develop markets. blesome stages; publicity and transparency of Conclusion administrative procedures and public ser- Practices of over 30 years of renovation vices; create equality in access to inputs; pre- in Vietnam (1986–2020) has proved the cor-

37 СОЦИОСФЕРА № 2 2020

ECONOMICS

rectness of the development path of socialist- 3. Communist Party of Vietnam: Document of the oriented market economy set and led by the 5th Plenum of the 12th Central Committee, Party Central Committee Office, Hanoi, 2017 Communist Party of Vietnam. Vietnam's so- 4. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Vo Van Phuc: Developing so- cio-economic achievements have made Viet- cialist-oriented market economy in our country – namese people to have more confidence in Theory and practice, National Political Publishing the leadership of the Communist Party of Vi- House, Truth, Hanoi, 2017. etnam. The relationship between the popular- 5. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nguyen Viet Thong; Dr. Dinh Quang Ty; Dr. Le Minh Nghia (Co-Editor): Some ity – the market economy and the particulari- theoretical and practical issues about socialist ori- ty – socialist orientation of Vietnam has been entation in developing market economy in Vi- well resolved by the Communist Party of Vi- etnam over 30 years of innovation, National Polit- etnam. In order to continue developing the ical Publishing House, Hanoi, 2016. socialist-oriented market economy in Vi- 6. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pham Van Dung (Chief Editor): Orientation for developing a socialist-oriented etnam, it is necessary to synchronously im- market economy in Vietnam, National Political plement the six solutions mentioned above, Publishing House, Hanoi, 2010. contributing to ensuring political security and 7. Prof., Dr. Nguyen Xuan Thang: Awareness of social safety, and firmly protect the and socialist orientation in the Republic of Vietnam. market economy, Journal of Information Science Political Theory, No. 1-2015, pp. 3–12. Bibliography 8. https://www.gso.gov.vn/default.aspx?tabid=621& ItemID=19037 1. Communist Party of Vietnam: Document of the 9. https://www.gso.gov.vn/default.aspx?tabid=621& Party Congress during the renovation period, Na- ItemID=19454 tional Political Publishing House, Hanoi, 2005. 2. Communist Party of Vietnam: Documents of the © Tran Thi Huong, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th National Congress, Na- Ha Anh Tuan, 2020. tional Political Publishing House, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016.

38 СОЦИОСФЕРА № 2 2020