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Differential Features of Fusion Activation Within the Paramyxoviridae
viruses Review Differential Features of Fusion Activation within the Paramyxoviridae Kristopher D. Azarm and Benhur Lee * Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-212-241-2552 Received: 17 December 2019; Accepted: 29 January 2020; Published: 30 January 2020 Abstract: Paramyxovirus (PMV) entry requires the coordinated action of two envelope glycoproteins, the receptor binding protein (RBP) and fusion protein (F). The sequence of events that occurs during the PMV entry process is tightly regulated. This regulation ensures entry will only initiate when the virion is in the vicinity of a target cell membrane. Here, we review recent structural and mechanistic studies to delineate the entry features that are shared and distinct amongst the Paramyxoviridae. In general, we observe overarching distinctions between the protein-using RBPs and the sialic acid- (SA-) using RBPs, including how their stalk domains differentially trigger F. Moreover, through sequence comparisons, we identify greater structural and functional conservation amongst the PMV fusion proteins, as compared to the RBPs. When examining the relative contributions to sequence conservation of the globular head versus stalk domains of the RBP, we observe that, for the protein-using PMVs, the stalk domains exhibit higher conservation and find the opposite trend is true for SA-using PMVs. A better understanding of conserved and distinct features that govern the entry of protein-using versus SA-using PMVs will inform the rational design of broader spectrum therapeutics that impede this process. Keywords: paramyxovirus; viral envelope proteins; type I fusion protein; henipavirus; virus entry; viral transmission; structure; rubulavirus; parainfluenza virus 1. -
Cetacean Morbillivirus Current Knowledge and Future Directions.Pdf
Viruses 2014, 6, 5145-5181; doi:10.3390/v6125145 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 www.mdpi.com/journal/viruses Review Cetacean Morbillivirus: Current Knowledge and Future Directions Marie-Françoise Van Bressem 1,*, Pádraig J. Duignan 2, Ashley Banyard 3 Michelle Barbieri 4, Kathleen M Colegrove 5, Sylvain De Guise 6, Giovanni Di Guardo 7, Andrew Dobson 8, Mariano Domingo 9, Deborah Fauquier 10, Antonio Fernandez 11, Tracey Goldstein 12, Bryan Grenfell 8,13, Kátia R. Groch 14,15, Frances Gulland 4,16, Brenda A Jensen 17, Paul D Jepson 18, Ailsa Hall 19, Thijs Kuiken 20, Sandro Mazzariol 21, Sinead E Morris 8, Ole Nielsen 22, Juan A Raga 23, Teresa K Rowles 10, Jeremy Saliki 24, Eva Sierra 11, Nahiid Stephens 25, Brett Stone 26, Ikuko Tomo 27, Jianning Wang 28, Thomas Waltzek 29 and James FX Wellehan 30 1 Cetacean Conservation Medicine Group (CMED), Peruvian Centre for Cetacean Research (CEPEC), Pucusana, Lima 20, Peru 2 Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AL T2N 4Z6, Canada; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector Borne Disease Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Weybridge, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK; E-Mail: [email protected] 4 The Marine Mammal Centre, Sausalito, CA 94965, USA; E-Mails: [email protected] (M.B.); [email protected] (F.G.) 5 Zoological Pathology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Maywood, IL 60153 , USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 6 Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, and Connecticut -
Phocine Distemper Virus: Current Knowledge and Future Directions
Viruses 2014, 6, 5093-5134; doi:10.3390/v6125093 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 www.mdpi.com/journal/viruses Review Phocine Distemper Virus: Current Knowledge and Future Directions Pádraig J. Duignan 1,*, Marie-Françoise Van Bressem 2, Jason D. Baker 3, Michelle Barbieri 3,4, Kathleen M. Colegrove 5, Sylvain De Guise 6, Rik L. de Swart 7, Giovanni Di Guardo 8, Andrew Dobson 9, W. Paul Duprex 10, Greg Early 11, Deborah Fauquier 12, Tracey Goldstein 13, Simon J. Goodman 14, Bryan Grenfell 9,15, Kátia R. Groch 16, Frances Gulland 4,17, Ailsa Hall 18, Brenda A. Jensen 19, Karina Lamy 1, Keith Matassa 20, Sandro Mazzariol 21, Sinead E. Morris 9, Ole Nielsen 22, David Rotstein 23, Teresa K. Rowles 12, Jeremy T. Saliki 24, Ursula Siebert 25, Thomas Waltzek 26 and James F.X. Wellehan 27 1 Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada; E-Mail: [email protected] (P.D.); [email protected] (K.L.) 2 Cetacean Conservation Medicine Group (CMED), Peruvian Centre for Cetacean Research (CEPEC), Pucusana, Lima 20, Peru; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176, Honolulu, Hawaii 96818, USA; E-Mails: [email protected] (J.D.B.); [email protected] (M.B.) 4 The Marine Mammal Centre, Sausalito, CA 94965, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 5 Zoological Pathology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 6 -
Toward Peste Des Petits Virus (PPRV) Eradication Diagnostic
Virus Research 274 (2019) 197774 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Virus Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/virusres Review Toward peste des petits virus (PPRV) eradication: Diagnostic approaches, novel vaccines, and control strategies T Mohamed Kamel⁎, Amr El-Sayed Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute transboundary infectious viral disease affecting domestic and wild PPR diagnosis small ruminants’ species besides camels reared in Africa, Asia and the Middle East. The virus is a serious Live attenuated vaccine paramount challenge to the sustainable agriculture advancement in the developing world. The disease outbreak PPR control was also detected for the first time in the European Union namely in Bulgaria at 2018. Therefore, the disease has DIVA lately been aimed for eradication with the purpose of worldwide clearance by 2030. Radically, the vaccines Live vector vaccine needed for effectively accomplishing this aim are presently convenient; however, the availableness of innovative PPR fi ff Subunit vaccines modern vaccines to ful ll the desideratum for Di erentiating between Infected and Vaccinated Animals (DIVA) PPRV may mitigate time spent and financial disbursement of serological monitoring and surveillance in the advanced levels for any disease obliteration campaign. We here highlight what is at the present time well-known about the virus and the different available diagnostic tools. Further, we interject on current updates and insights on several novel vaccines and on the possible current and pro- spective strategies to be applied for disease control. 1. Introduction 2. -
Taxonomy of the Order Mononegavirales: Update 2017
HHS Public Access Author manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author Arch Virol Manuscript Author . Author manuscript; Manuscript Author available in PMC 2018 August 01. Published in final edited form as: Arch Virol. 2017 August ; 162(8): 2493–2504. doi:10.1007/s00705-017-3311-7. *Corresponding author: JHK: Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), Division of Clinical Research (DCR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), B-8200 Research Plaza, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Phone: +1-301-631-7245; Fax: +1-301-631-7389; [email protected]. $The members of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Bornaviridae Study Group #The members of the ICTV Filoviridae Study Group †The members of the ICTV Mononegavirales Study Group ‡The members of the ICTV Nyamiviridae Study Group ^The members of the ICTV Paramyxoviridae Study Group &The members of the ICTV Rhabdoviridae Study Group ORCIDs: Amarasinghe: orcid.org/0000-0002-0418-9707 Bào: orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-9723 Basler: orcid.org/0000-0003-4195-425X Bejerman: orcid.org/0000-0002-7851-3506 Blasdell: orcid.org/0000-0003-2121-0376 Bochnowski: orcid.org/0000-0002-3247-3991 Briese: orcid.org/0000-0002-4819-8963 Bukreyev: orcid.org/0000-0002-0342-4824 Chandran: orcid.org/0000-0003-0232-7077 Dietzgen: orcid.org/0000-0002-7772-2250 Dolnik: orcid.org/0000-0001-7739-4798 Dye: orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-5016 Easton: orcid.org/0000-0002-2288-3882 Formenty: orcid.org/0000-0002-9482-5411 Fouchier: -
Emerging Paramyxoviruses: Receptor Tropism and Zoonotic Potential
PEARLS Emerging Paramyxoviruses: Receptor Tropism and Zoonotic Potential Antra Zeltina1, Thomas A. Bowden1*, Benhur Lee2* 1 Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America * [email protected] (TAB); [email protected] (BL) Introduction Emerging infectious disease (EID) events are dominated by zoonoses: infections that are natu- rally transmissible from animals to humans or vice versa [1]. A worldwide survey of ~5,000 bat specimens identified 66 novel paramyxovirus species—more than double the existing total within this family of viruses [2]. Also, novel paramyxoviruses are continuously being discov- ered in other species, such as rodents [3–5], shrews [6], wild and captivated reptiles [7], and farmed fish [8], as well as in domestic cats [9] and horses [10]. Paramyxoviruses exhibit one of the highest rates of cross-species transmission among RNA viruses [11], and paramyxoviral infection in humans can cause a wide variety of often deadly diseases. Thus, it is important to understand the determinants of cross-species transmission and the risk that such events pose to human health. Whilst pathogen diversity and human encroachment play important roles, here, we focus on receptor tropism and envelope determinants for zoonosis of emerging paramyxoviruses. OPEN ACCESS Limitations of Conventional Sequence-Based Phylogenetic Citation: Zeltina A, Bowden TA, Lee B (2016) Emerging Paramyxoviruses: Receptor Tropism and Analysis Zoonotic Potential. PLoS Pathog 12(2): e1005390. The Paramyxoviridae family is divided into two subfamilies, Paramyxovirinae and Pneumovir- doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005390 inae. -
Researchers Find New Virus Related to Measles and Mumps That Causes Fatal Kidney Disease in Cats 20 March 2012, by Bob Yirka
Researchers find new virus related to measles and mumps that causes fatal kidney disease in cats 20 March 2012, by Bob Yirka To find out, they began testing stray cats found wandering around both Hong Kong and mainland China, looking for DNA similarities to the other viruses. In all, out of 457 cats tested, 56 tested positive for the new feline morbillivirus. Antibodies for the virus were found in almost twenty eight percent of them showing that they’d contracted the virus sometime during their lifetime. The team then turned to performing autopsies on 27 stray cats that had been found dead around the city. Of the twelve that also tested positive for FmoPV, seven had died from Tubulointerstitial nephritis. Only two of the remaining cats showed evidence of kidney damage. These findings, they team writes, show a clear link between FmoPV and (PhysOrg.com) -- A team of researchers working in Tubulointerstitial nephritis. Hong Kong have discovered a new virus they are calling feline morbillivirus (FmoPV). It is apparently The team is quick to point out that the new virus related to the virus that causes measles and does not at this time appear to be able to infect mumps in humans and another that in dogs, people, and thus there is little to no health risk. causes distemper. The team believes the new Unfortunately, they add, there is still no cure for the virus is responsible for causing Tubulointerstitial disease, though the team next plans to begin nephritis, a sometimes fatal kidney disease in cats working on a vaccine right away. -
Development of Taqman-Based Real-Time RT-PCR Assay Based On
Makhtar et al. BMC Veterinary Research (2021) 17:128 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02837-6 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Development of TaqMan-based real-time RT-PCR assay based on N gene for the quantitative detection of feline morbillivirus Siti Tasnim Makhtar1, Sheau Wei Tan2, Nur Amalina Nasruddin1, Nor Azlina Abdul Aziz1, Abdul Rahman Omar1,2 and Farina Mustaffa-Kamal1,2* Abstract Background: Morbilliviruses are categorized under the family of Paramyxoviridae and have been associated with severe diseases, such as Peste des petits ruminants, canine distemper and measles with evidence of high morbidity and/or could cause major economic loss in production of livestock animals, such as goats and sheep. Feline morbillivirus (FeMV) is one of the members of Morbilliviruses that has been speculated to cause chronic kidney disease in cats even though a definite relationship is still unclear. To date, FeMV has been detected in several continents, such as Asia (Japan, China, Thailand, Malaysia), Europe (Italy, German, Turkey), Africa (South Africa), and South and North America (Brazil, Unites States). This study aims to develop a TaqMan real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay targeting the N gene of FeMV in clinical samples to detect early phase of FeMV infection. Results: A specific assay was developed, since no amplification was observed in viral strains from the same family of Paramyxoviridae, such as canine distemper virus (CDV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and measles virus (MeV), and other feline viruses, such as feline coronavirus (FCoV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV). The lower detection limit of the assay was 1.74 × 104 copies/μL with Cq value of 34.32 ± 0.5 based on the cRNA copy number. -
Evolution and Diversity of Bat and Rodent Paramyxoviruses from North America Brendan B
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.01.450817; this version posted July 2, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Evolution and diversity of bat and rodent Paramyxoviruses from North America Brendan B. Larsen1, Sophie Gryseels1,2*, Hans W. Otto1, Michael Worobey1 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 2 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Laboratory of Clinical and Evolutionary Virology, Leuven, Belgium * Current addresses: Evolutionary Ecology group, Department Biology, University of Antwerp, Belgium OD Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Belgium Abstract Paramyxoviruses are a diverse group of negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses of which several species cause significant mortality and morbidity. In recent years the collection of paramyxoviruses sequences detected in wild mammals has substantially grown, however little is known about paramyxovirus diversity in North American mammals. To better understand natural paramyxovirus diversity, host range, and host specificity, we sought to comprehensively characterize paramyxoviruses across a range of diverse co-occurring wild small mammals in Southern Arizona. We used highly degenerate primers to screen fecal and urine samples and obtained a total of 55 paramyxovirus sequences from 12 rodent species and 6 bat species. We also performed illumina RNA-seq and de novo assembly on 14 of the positive samples to recover a total of 5 near full-length viral genomes. -
Taxonomy of the Order Mononegavirales: Update 2018
HHS Public Access Author manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author Arch Virol Manuscript Author . Author manuscript; Manuscript Author available in PMC 2019 August 01. Published in final edited form as: Arch Virol. 2018 August ; 163(8): 2283–2294. doi:10.1007/s00705-018-3814-x. TAXONOMY OF THE ORDER MONONEGAVIRALES: UPDATE 2018 A full list of authors and affiliations appears at the end of the article. Abstract In 2018, the order Mononegavirales was expanded by inclusion of 1 new genus and 12 novel species. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales as now accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) and summarizes additional taxonomic proposals that may affect the order in the near future. Keywords Anphevirus; Arlivirus; Bornaviridae; bornavirus; Chengtivirus; Crustavirus; Filoviridae; filovirus; ICTV; International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses; mononegavirad; Mononegavirales; mononegavirus; Mymonaviridae; mymonavirid; mymonavirus; Nyamiviridae; nyamivirid; nyamivirus; Paramyxoviridae; paramyxovirid; paramyxovirus; Pneumoviridae; pneumovirid; pneumovirus; Rhabdoviridae; rhabdovirid; rhabdovirus; Sunviridae; sunvirid; sunvirus; virus classification; virus nomenclature; virus taxonomy INTRODUCTION The virus order Mononegavirales was established in 1991 to accommodate related viruses with nonsegmented, linear, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA genomes distributed among three families [19, 20 ]. Today, the order includes 8 families [1, 2, 11, 21 ]. Amended/ *Corresponding -
Taxonomy of the Order Mononegavirales: Update 2019
Archives of Virology (2019) 164:1967–1980 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-019-04247-4 VIROLOGY DIVISION NEWS Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales: update 2019 Gaya K. Amarasinghe1 · María A. Ayllón2,3 · Yīmíng Bào4 · Christopher F. Basler5 · Sina Bavari6 · Kim R. Blasdell7 · Thomas Briese8 · Paul A. Brown9 · Alexander Bukreyev10 · Anne Balkema‑Buschmann11 · Ursula J. Buchholz12 · Camila Chabi‑Jesus13 · Kartik Chandran14 · Chiara Chiapponi15 · Ian Crozier16 · Rik L. de Swart17 · Ralf G. Dietzgen18 · Olga Dolnik19 · Jan F. Drexler20 · Ralf Dürrwald21 · William G. Dundon22 · W. Paul Duprex23 · John M. Dye6 · Andrew J. Easton24 · Anthony R. Fooks25 · Pierre B. H. Formenty26 · Ron A. M. Fouchier17 · Juliana Freitas‑Astúa27 · Anthony Grifths28 · Roger Hewson29 · Masayuki Horie31 · Timothy H. Hyndman32 · Dàohóng Jiāng33 · Elliott W. Kitajima34 · Gary P. Kobinger35 · Hideki Kondō36 · Gael Kurath37 · Ivan V. Kuzmin38 · Robert A. Lamb39,40 · Antonio Lavazza15 · Benhur Lee41 · Davide Lelli15 · Eric M. Leroy42 · Jiànróng Lǐ43 · Piet Maes44 · Shin‑Yi L. Marzano45 · Ana Moreno15 · Elke Mühlberger28 · Sergey V. Netesov46 · Norbert Nowotny47,48 · Are Nylund49 · Arnfnn L. Økland49 · Gustavo Palacios6 · Bernadett Pályi50 · Janusz T. Pawęska51 · Susan L. Payne52 · Alice Prosperi15 · Pedro Luis Ramos‑González13 · Bertus K. Rima53 · Paul Rota54 · Dennis Rubbenstroth55 · Mǎng Shī30 · Peter Simmonds56 · Sophie J. Smither57 · Enrica Sozzi15 · Kirsten Spann58 · Mark D. Stenglein59 · David M. Stone60 · Ayato Takada61 · Robert B. Tesh10 · Keizō Tomonaga62 · Noël Tordo63,64 · Jonathan S. Towner65 · Bernadette van den Hoogen17 · Nikos Vasilakis10 · Victoria Wahl66 · Peter J. Walker67 · Lin‑Fa Wang68 · Anna E. Whitfeld69 · John V. Williams23 · F. Murilo Zerbini70 · Tāo Zhāng4 · Yong‑Zhen Zhang71,72 · Jens H. Kuhn73 Published online: 14 May 2019 © This is a U.S. -
Fitness Selection of Hyperfusogenic Measles Virus F Proteins Associated
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.22.423954; this version posted December 23, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Title 2 Fitness selection of hyperfusogenic measles virus F proteins associated with 3 neuropathogenic phenotypes 4 5 Authors 6 Satoshi Ikegame1, Takao Hashiguchi2,3, Chuan-Tien Hung1, Kristina Dobrindt4, Kristen J 7 Brennand4, Makoto Takeda5, Benhur Lee1* 8 9 Affiliations 10 1. Department of Microbiology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 11 10029, USA. 12 2. Laboratory of Medical virology, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto 13 University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. 14 3. Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University. 15 4. Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn 16 Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New 17 York, NY 10029, USA. 18 5. Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan. 19 20 * Correspondence to: [email protected] 21 22 Authors contributions 23 S. I. and B. L. conceived this study. S.I. conducted library preparation, screening experiment, 24 fusion assay, and virus growth analysis. T. H. did the structural discussion of measles F protein. 25 C. H. conducted the surface expression analysis. K. R., and K. B. worked on human iPS cells 26 derived neuron experiment. M. T. provided measles genome coding plasmid in this study. B. L.