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SECTORAL REPORT Turbochargers IHS Automotive | The Automotive Turbochargers and Superchargers Report

Contents

Introduction 4 Technology 31 History 7 ––Reciprocating 32 The choice: or ? 8 ––Screw compressors 32 Turbocharger sectors 10 ––Centrifugal compressors 32 ––Medium- and Heavy-vehicle 10 ––Surge line 32 ––Light-vehicle 10 ––Choke line 32 ––Performance 10 Bearing systems 32 ––Small diesels 10 Micro turbocharging 33 Waste-gated turbochargers 33 Market drivers 12 Turbo-compounding 33 The European Union 14 Electric turbo-compounding 34 The United States 14 Twin-scroll turbochargers 34 ––Key elements of the programme 15 Variable geometry turbochargers 35 ––GHG reductions; 15 ––Multi-stage turbocharging 36 ––Credit provisions; 15 ––Parallel twin turbocharging 37 ––Regulatory design; 15 ––Sequential twin turbocharging 37 ––Consistent improvements; 15 ––Regulated twin turbocharging 37 ––International context; 16 ––Three-stage turbocharging 38 Japan 16 Twin vortices supercharger 38 China 16 Electric superchargers 38 ––2.3 Phase IV 17 ––Charge air coolers () 39 Other countries 17 Testing regimes 18 The future of turbocharging 40 Criterion emissions 19 Titanium impellers 41 ––Light-vehicle vehicles 19 Assisted turbocharging 42 ––The United States 19 ––Japan 19 Key technology from market participants 43 ––Europe 20 Continental/Siemens VDO 45 ––China 20 ––New Czech facility 45 ––Other countries 20 ––New aluminium housing technology 45 ––Medium- and heavy vehicles 20 Robert Bosch/Mahle Joint Venture 46 Engine downsizing and down-speeding 21 ––First Chinese plant 46 BorgWarner 46 Market dynamics and forecasts 24 ––Flex fuel turbo for South American market 47 Light-vehicle engines 25 ––New China plant 47 ––Europe 26 ––Supplying to Volkswagen in China 48 ––North America 27 Cummins/Holset 48 ––Japan 28 IHI Corporation 48 ––Greater China 28 ––Joint venture with Hyundai Wia 49 Technologies 29 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) 49 ––Compressors 29 Eaton Corporation 50

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© 2015 IHS 2 2015 edition IHS Automotive | The Automotive Turbochargers and Superchargers Report

Who-Supplies-Whom: Light-vehicle turbocharger Georg Fischer 108 suppliers by model 52 ––Manufacturing plants 115 ––R&D Addresses 117 Turbocharger Supplier Profiles 58 ––Map 118 BorgWarner 59 IHI Corporation 119 ––Manufacturing plants 65 ––Manufacturing plants 122 ––R&D Addresses 72 ––Map 123 ––Map 74 Le Belier 124 Cummins 75 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 129 ––Manufacturing plants 79 ––Manufacturing plants 132 ––R&D Addresses 81 ––R&D Addresses 136 ––Map 82 ––Map 138 Dong'an Engine 83 NingboRico Auto 139 Federal-Mogul 84 ––Manufacturing plants 143 ––Manufacturing plants 90 ––Map 144 ––R&D Addresses 105 Weifang Fuyuan 145 ––Map 107 Figures

Figure 1: Illustration of different types of turbocharged aspirated penetration, 2012–2017 28 engine 8 Figure 11: Japan light-vehicle engine production Figure 2: China emissions standards 16 forecast by aspiration type, 2015 28 Figure 3: Engine downsizing trend forecast 22 Figure 12: Greater China forced induction and naturally Figure 4: Regional turbocharger penetration 22 aspirated penetration, 2012–2017 28 Figure 5: Global light-vehicle engine production Figure 13: Japan light-vehicle engine production forecast by aspiration type, 2015 25 forecast by aspiration type, 2015 29 Figure 6: European supercharger/ turbocharger Figure 14: Global supercharger/ turbocharger engine fitment by type, 2012–2017 26 production by type, 2012–2017 29 Figure 7: Europe light-vehicle engine production Figure 15: Fiat 500 Abarth’s 1.4-liter MultiAir® Turbo forecast by aspiration type, 2015 26 engine 33 Figure 8: North American forced induction and Figure 16: BMW M3/M4 Turbo Charger 37 naturally aspirated penetration, 2012–2017 27 Figure 17: 2014 3.6L V-6 VVT DI Twin Turbo (LF3) for Figure 9: North American light-vehicle engine Cadillac CTS. Twin turbocharged with integral manifold production forecast by aspiration type, 2015 27 mounted 39 Figure 10: Japan forced induction and naturally

Tables

Table 1: Timeline of implementation of global emission Table 2: Global Emission Standards 14 standards 13 Table 3: Types of turbocharged engine 25

© 2015 IHS 3 2015 edition