STV 4+: A Proportional System for Malta’s Electoral Process Frank Bezzina and Anton Buhagiar system, used to elect the country’s national
[email protected] legislatures, should be abandoned. The STV
[email protected] method currently employed in the island com- bines proportional representation and preferen- Abstract tial voting. However, a recurring problem with A recurring problem in Malta’s Single this electoral system is the fact that it leads to Transferable Vote (STV) is the mismatch “disproportionality”. In fact, four out of the between the percentage of first preference last six general elections held since 1981 re- votes a party wins nationwide and the cor- sulted in a mismatch between the percentage of responding percentage of seats it ends up first count votes polled nationwide by a given with in parliament. In this paper we dis- party and the corresponding percentage of par- cuss how ‘disproportionality’ arises and liamentary seats gained by that party [14]. Al- propose the STV 4+ system, to restore though the constitution was amended twice to proportionality whilst retaining STV as the ensure that the party with the majority of first basis for electing candidates. We describe how the divisor method can be used to im- count votes would be given a majority of seats plement an STV 4+ system, whereby a in Parliament, there is constant speculation that Maltese General Election is implemented a repeat of the 1981 constitutional crisis, which conceptually as an Additional Member will be discussed further below, is still possible. System (AMS). The Maltese General This in turn is casting doubts on the legitimacy Election of 2008 is taken as an example.