DOCSLIB.ORG

OECD Economic Surveys ISRAEL JANUARY 2016 OVERVIEW

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
OECD Economic Surveys ISRAEL JANUARY 2016 OVERVIEW OECD Economic Surveys ISRAEL JANUARY 2016 OVERVIEW OECD Economic Surveys: Israel 2016 © OECD 2016 Executive summary ● The economy has strong fundamentals, but productivity performance has been weak ● Income inequality and poverty are high ● The fiscal framework is not conducive to inclusive growth The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. 9 © OECD 2016 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The economy has strong fundamentals, but productivity performance has been weak Per capita GDP and productivity Thanks to prudent monetary, financial and fiscal Gap relative to the upper half of OECD countries¹ policies, growth has exceeded most other Per cent Per cent OECD countries’ rates for more than a decade. 0 0 Employment is rising, inflation is low, the external GDP per capita -10 GDP per hour worked -10 surplus is comfortable, and the public finances are -20 -20 in relatively good shape. However, although income per capita has gradually been catching up with the -30 -30 most advanced countries, this has not been -40 -40 matched by similar convergence in productivity. -50 -50 Indeed, highly dynamic tradable goods industries 1995 2000 2005 2010 coexist with an inefficient sheltered sector to an unusual extent, dragging down overall economic 1. Percentage gap with respect to the simple average of the highest 17 OECD countries (in constant 2010 PPPs). performance. Substantial deficiencies in product Source: OECD, National Accounts and Productivity Databases. market regulation and competition, especially in 1 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933317834 the entire food chain, banking and electricity, are weakening productivity and reducing incomes. Income inequality and poverty are high Poverty rate relative to threshold of 50% of Israel is also characterised by high poverty and large median disposable income gaps along many material and non-material Per cent Per cent dimensions of well-being. Poverty is especially high 20 20 2013 or latest year available among the elderly, in part because of low basic 16 16 pensions. Employment rates for Ultra-Orthodox 12 12 (Haredi) men and Arab-Israeli women remain low. Rising housing prices impose an additional 8 8 affordability burden, increasingly even on the 4 4 middle class. Relatively high price levels due to 0 0 weak competition, in particular in the food sector, ITA IRL ISR NZL BEL PRT ESP CZE NLD FRA SVK AUT AUS USA SVN DNK CAN DEU KOR GBR MEX GRC impose a greater cost, in terms of living standards, Source: OECD Income Distribution Database. to socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. 1 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933317567 The fiscal framework is not conducive to inclusive growth Expenditure on educational institutions The tax burden and public civil spending are low Per student, relative to GDP per capita and income redistribution is limited. Despite Per cent Per cent substantial increases in recent years, education 28 28 spending per student remains low relative to per 2013¹ 26 2011 26 capita income compared to most other OECD 24 24 countries. Insufficient infrastructure, especially in 22 22 transport, hampers private-sector efficiency. The 20 20 cap on spending growth in the public debt- 18 18 reduction strategy implies the share in GDP of civil 16 16 spending will shrink further over time, restricting IRL ITA ISR JPN BEL EST NLD SVK CZE ESP PRT FRA AUS USA DEU CAN KOR GBR the room to finance useful public spending 1. Or latest year available. For more details, see Figure 9, panel E. initiatives. Source: OECD (2015), Education at a Glance 2015; OECD, National Accounts Database 1 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933317574 10 OECD ECONOMIC SURVEYS: ISRAEL © OECD 2016 2 © OECD 2016 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY MAIN FINDINGS KEY RECOMMENDATIONS Monetary policy and the fiscal framework and policy Inflation is below the official price stability Maintain the current expansionary monetary policy stance. objective. Implement further macro-prudential measures if risks to the financial system (from housing prices) rise. The cap on government spending implies further Reduce the structural deficit and pursue the gradual debt- declines as a share of GDP, even as civil spending reduction strategy by raising fiscal revenues, preferably by is very compressed. removing inefficient tax expenditures, such as the VAT exemption on fresh fruit and vegetables, and raising environmental taxes including by, for example, establishing a carbon tax. To the extent that savings can be made on military outlays and debt service and sufficient revenues raised, increase civil spending on education, infrastructure and poverty reduction. Implement effectively the envisaged plan to ensure consistency of commitments for future expenditure and tax reduction with the spending ceiling and deficit target rules. Product market reform Product market regulations are far from best Ensure that the planned reduction of the regulatory burden relies practice. on high-quality regulatory impact assessments. Food prices are high. Further cut tariffs and non-tariff barriers, in particular by adopting the EU import procedures on food and agricultural goods. Replace quotas, guaranteed prices and customs tariffs with direct payments to farmers. Consider screening the anti-competitive provisions in the food sector using the OECD competition assessment toolkit. The banking sector is concentrated and Follow through on plans to allow the entry of new competitors in inefficient. retail banking, in particular by non-banking credit entities, with appropriate prudential and consumer protection regulation. The electricity market is still dominated by a Turn the Israel Electricity Corporation into a holding company, and heavily indebted publicly owned, vertically create a separate infrastructure operator. integrated company. Competition law enforcement is not fully Expand the leniency programme, and increase financial penalties effective. for competition law violations. Create independent regulators with well-defined mandates in the telecoms, postal services and gas sectors. Inclusive growth and pension system The quality of education, especially for Haredim Increase education funding for disadvantaged groups. Develop and Israeli Arabs, is poor, and these groups are not vocational education and training more fully for young adults. well integrated into the labour market, resulting Require Haredi schools to teach mathematics, science and foreign in widespread poverty. languages. Expand the earned income tax credit and active labour market policies. Introduce a mandatory community service programme for Israelis who are currently exempted from military service. Restricted supply is raising house prices, reducing Complete the streamlining of the administrative requirements for well-being, especially for young families planning and building a home. Further develop public transport infrastructure to make it easier to live in lower-price housing areas, and promote labour market participation for those living in remote areas. The pension system has solid foundations, but To reduce elderly poverty, as the second pillar matures, seek a way the poverty rate among the elderly is high. to increase first-pillar pensions without creating work disincentives. Moderate the impact on net current income of relatively high mandatory contributions to pension savings for low-wage workers. Gradually raise women’s statutory retirement age to equal men’s. Index the retirement age to life expectancy at age 65. Require pension providers to offer low-cost pension funds as their default option, for example, by proposing passively managed (indexed) assets or streamlining distribution channels. OECD ECONOMIC SURVEYS: ISRAEL © OECD 2016 11 © OECD 2016 3 4 © OECD 2016 OECD Economic Surveys: Israel 2016 © OECD 2016 Assessment and recommendations ● The economy is resilient and has sound fundamentals ● Maintaining an expansionary monetary stance and public debt reduction remains appropriate ● Productivity-enhancing reforms to boost growth and make it more inclusive ● Well-designed reforms to promote social cohesion and share the fruits of growth ● Strengthening climate change policy The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. 13 © OECD 2016 5 ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS The economy is resilient and has sound fundamentals The Israeli economy is enjoying its 13th consecutive year of growth, demonstrating remarkable resilience. Increases in output, averaging nearly 4% annually since 2003, have exceeded those of most other OECD countries. The country experienced only a mild slowdown in activity in 2014, despite the Gaza conflict, and growth continued in 2015, even if at a relatively moderate pace (Figure 1, Panel A). Weaker exports and investment, partly resulting from the appreciation of the currency since 2012, have led to a slowdown in per capita GDP growth (Panel B). However, the employment rate has continued to rise steadily (Panel C), the unemployment rate has fallen to around 5¼ per cent, and the external balance is in surplus. These favourable economic outcomes are based on prudent macroeconomic policy pursued
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Delhey, Jan; Kroll, Christian Working Paper A "happiness test" for the new measures of national well-being: How much better than GDP are they? WZB Discussion Paper, No. SP I 2012-201 Provided in Cooperation with: WZB Berlin Social Science Center Suggested Citation: Delhey, Jan; Kroll, Christian (2012) : A "happiness test" for the new measures of national well-being: How much better than GDP are they?, WZB Discussion Paper, No. SP I 2012-201, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung (WZB), Berlin This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/60235 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von
    [Show full text]
  • Three Conquests of Canaan
    ÅA Wars in the Middle East are almost an every day part of Eero Junkkaala:of Three Canaan Conquests our lives, and undeniably the history of war in this area is very long indeed. This study examines three such wars, all of which were directed against the Land of Canaan. Two campaigns were conducted by Egyptian Pharaohs and one by the Israelites. The question considered being Eero Junkkaala whether or not these wars really took place. This study gives one methodological viewpoint to answer this ques- tion. The author studies the archaeology of all the geo- Three Conquests of Canaan graphical sites mentioned in the lists of Thutmosis III and A Comparative Study of Two Egyptian Military Campaigns and Shishak and compares them with the cities mentioned in Joshua 10-12 in the Light of Recent Archaeological Evidence the Conquest stories in the Book of Joshua. Altogether 116 sites were studied, and the com- parison between the texts and the archaeological results offered a possibility of establishing whether the cities mentioned, in the sources in question, were inhabited, and, furthermore, might have been destroyed during the time of the Pharaohs and the biblical settlement pe- riod. Despite the nature of the two written sources being so very different it was possible to make a comparative study. This study gives a fresh view on the fierce discus- sion concerning the emergence of the Israelites. It also challenges both Egyptological and biblical studies to use the written texts and the archaeological material togeth- er so that they are not so separated from each other, as is often the case.
    [Show full text]
  • OECD Economic Surveys Slovak Republic
    OECD Economic Surveys Slovak Republic June 2017 OVERVIEW www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-Slovak-Republic.htm This Overview is extracted from the 2017 Economic Survey of the Slovak Republic. The Survey is published on the responsibility of the Economic and Development Review Committee (EDRC) of the OECD, which is charged with the examination of the economic situation of member countries. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area OECD Economic Surveys: Slovak Republic © OECD 2017 You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgment of OECD as source and copyright owner is given. All requests for public or commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to [email protected]. Requests for permission to photocopy portions of this material for public or commercial use shall be addressed directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) at [email protected] or the Centre français d’exploitation du droit de copie (CFC) at [email protected]. OECD Economic Surveys: Slovak Republic © OECD 2017 Executive summary ● The Slovak economy has been growing strongly ● Inclusiveness needs to be improved ● Enhancing public-sector efficiency to raise living standards for all 9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Slovak economy has been growing strongly Growth is strong, but will weaken The Slovak Republic continues to exhibit robust because of population ageing economic performance.
    [Show full text]
  • Geographies of Human Wellbeing
    India’s states and union territories Tajkistan Afghanistan N ISBN: 978-1-876703-25-7 Published by: Geography Teachers’ Association of Victoria Inc Jammu and Kashmir (Global Education Project Victoria) China © Commonwealth of Australia, 2013 Himachal Pradesh 0 300 km This project was funded by the Australian Governments Overseas Aid Program. Punjab Uttarakhand Written by: Kelli Ashton and Claire Jones Pakistan Haryana Project manager: Judy Mraz, Director of Projects, Geography Teachers’ Association of Victoria Inc Arunachal Delhi Pradesh Copyright and permissions: Claire Jones New Delhi Nepal Design: Infographics Sikkim Bhutan Uttar Pradesh Assam Rajasthan Nagaland All rights reserved. Meghalava Bihar Bangladesh Manipur The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the Global Education Project, Tripura or the Australian Government. India Jharkhand Mizeram Gujarat West Bengal Madhya Pradesh Cover photo: Children queue up for their daily meal at the Girl Child Network Project, at Kawangware School in Nairobi, Kenya in March 2009. Chhattisgarh Myanmar Photo: Kate Holt/Africa Practice via AusAID Flickr site Orissa Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh Goa Karnataka Andaman and Nicobar Islands Lakshadweep Tamil Nadu Kerala Sri Lanka CONTENTS Geographies of human wellbeing 1. What is human wellbeing? 2 2. Empowering women and girls 7 3. Population, poverty and human wellbeing 14 4. Disease – HIV/AIDS 23 5. Human wellbeing student inquiry 39 WHAT IS HUMAN WELLBEING? uman wellbeing is the recognition that everyone around the world, regardless of geography, age, culture, Hreligion or political environment, aspires to live well. Wellbeing is not necessarily bound by income, rather, it is an individual’s thoughts and feelings about how well they are doing in life, contentment with material possessions and having relationships that enable them to achieve their goals.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Survey of Greece
    OECD Economic Surveys Greece April 2018 OVERVIEW www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-greece.htm This Overview is extracted from the Economic Survey of Greece. The Survey is published on the responsibility of the Economic and Development Review Committee (EDRC) of the OECD, which is charged with the examination of the economic situation of member countries. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. 1. Note by Turkey: The information in this document with reference to “Cyprus” relates to the southern part of the Island. There is no single authority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Turkey recognizes the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of United Nations, Turkey shall preserve its position concerning the “Cyprus issue”. 2. Note by all the European Union: Member States of the OECD and the European Union: The Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Turkey. The information in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. OECD Economic Surveys: Greece© OECD 2018 You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgment of OECD as source and copyright owner is given.
    [Show full text]
  • Report- the Large Cities at a Glance- Compendium of Maps, ICBS
    Table of Contents Israeli Association for Cartography and Geographic Information Systems • About……………………………………………………………………………………….………….. 1 • Activities in Israel…………………………………………………………………..………..…….2 • Participation in ICA events……………………………………………………………..………5 Governmental Agencies • The Survey of Israel……………………………………………………………………..………..8 • Central Bureau of Statistics………………………………………………………..………..18 Map Libraries and Private Collectors National Library • Eran Laor Cartographic Collection- National Library of Israel………………..23 Academic Collections • Bloomfield Library for the Humanities and Social Sciences -Hebrew University in Jerusalem- Map Library and Geography Department……...25 • Tel Aviv University Geography Library………………………………………………….28 • Tel Hai Historical Map Archive- Tel Hai Academic College…………………...30 • Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi Map Archive………………………………………………………..…..31 • Younes & Soraya Nazarian Library- Map Collection, University of Haifa.33 Private Collectors • Bar Stav Collection of Ancient Maps of the Holy Land………………………….34 Private Sector • Ad-Or- Mapping the Old City of Jerusalem………………………………………….35 • Amud Anan Online Geo-Encyclopedia………………………………………………….36 • Avigdor Orgad Maps…………………………………………………………………………….37 • Blushtein Mapot Veod L.T.D. ……………………………………………………………….38 • Bonus-Yavne Publishing …………………………………………………………………….39 • GeoCartography Knowledge Group………………………………………………………40 • Israel Hiking and Biking Map ……………………………………………………………….42 • Mapa ………………………………………………………………………………………………..43 • Mind the Map ……………………………………………………………………………………..46 • Soffer
    [Show full text]
  • OECD Economic Surveys
    OECD Economic Surveys Israel March 2018 OVERVIEW www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-israel.htm This Overview is extracted from the Economic Survey of Israel. The Survey is published on the responsibility of the Economic and Development Review Committee (EDRC) of the OECD, which is charged with the examination of the economic situation of member countries. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. OECD Economic Surveys: Israel© OECD 2018 You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgment of OECD as source and copyright owner is given. All requests for public or commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to [email protected]. Requests for permission to photocopy portions of this material for public or commercial use shall be addressed directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) at [email protected] or the Centre français d’exploitation du droit de copie (CFC) at [email protected]. OECD Economic Surveys: Israel © OECD 2018 Executive summary ● The economy is strong ● Income inequality has fallen, but economic disparities and a lack of social cohesion persist ● Reforming education, infrastructure and product markets will enhance inclusiveness and productivity The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Social Progress Index Methodology Summary
    Das 2020 SOCIAL PROGRESS INDEX Methodology Summary By Scott Stern, Petra Krylova & Jaromir Harmacek Acknowledgements ConstructinG the Social ProGress Index is a siGnificant research effort which involves months of desk research, data collection, cleaninG, transformations and calculations. This would not be possible without the leadership of Michael Green and Luke Greeves, alonGside the Board of Directors, and support from all our colleagues. In particular, this year’s index would not have been possible without the invaluable research assistance of Rory Rolt, and Tawab Safi. We also want to thank Tamar Epner and Amy Wares for layinG strong and well documented foundations for the Index which enabled us to pick up the baton. Our gratitude also goes to Brent Nagel and Alex Stetter for their editorial support and ensuring a very smooth communications and design process. Suggested Citation Index Social ProGress Imperative: 2020 Social ProGress Index. Social ProGress Imperative. WashinGton, DC. Available at: www.socialproGress.orG Methodology Stern, S., Krylova, P. & Harmacek, J.: 2020 Social ProGress Index MethodoloGy Summary. Social ProGress Imperative. WashinGton, DC. Available at: www.socialprogress.org/global/methodology Contact For technical queries regarding the index, please contact Petra Krylova ([email protected]) or Jaromir Harmacek ([email protected]). For any other queries, please contact Brent NaGel ([email protected]) or visit our website www.socialproGress.orG. 2 | socialproGress.orG 2020 Social Progress
    [Show full text]
  • The Survey of Israel Heritage Website
    The Survey of Israel Heritage Website Yechiel (Hilik) Horovitz Fig Working Week Pre-Conference Workshop Eilat, 3 May 2009 1920: Survey of Palestine (SOP) was founded. 1948: Survey of Israel (SOI) continued the agency. 2003: Dr. Haim Srebro, Director General of SOI decided to create a website, in order to preserve the unique history of the SOP/SOI. A Working Team of Four Was Chosen: Zion Shitrug - Former Director of the Survey of Israel. Sergio Duyeb – Former head of Cartographic Reproduction. Yechiel (Hilik) Horovitz – Creator of Heritage Site. Ofer Angert – The Web-Master, who supported the project. Collecting Information 1. Interviewing veterans, beginning with the “elders”, who worked in the British Mandate period. After them – the “youngsters”, from the SOI period. 2. Collecting documents, photos, certificates, annual reports, official publications, maps and academic theses. 3. Searching data in libraries and archives. 4. Assisted by Dr. Dov Gavish’s book, Land and Map, the Survey of Palestine, 1920-1948; and Dr. Ron Adler & Dr. Dov Gavish’s book 50 Years of Mapping Israel. Interviewing veterans, beginning with the “elders”, who worked in the British Mandate period – First interview, Sep. 2003 Interviewing younger veterans from the SOI period, October 2003 Unique Data – An Example The photo shows a tractor making a plow-line in order to draw the Armistice Demarcation Line between Israel and Egypt in the Gaza Strip in the 1950’s. Taken by an Israeli surveyor. Unique Data – Another Example The students’ soccer team at the Surveying school in Jennin, 1942. El-Husseini, from the famous family, who led the Palestinian People, with his Jewish friends, who were members in underground units.
    [Show full text]
  • Discover the OECD Better Policies for Better Lives
    Discover the OECD Better Policies for Better Lives 1 1 Who we are: Our origins and our global approach Table of 2 How we work: Organisational structure and our approach: contents Inform, engage and set standards 3 What we do: Shape #BetterLives 2 Who we are: 1 Our origins and our global approach 3 Who we are The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an international organisation in which governments work together to find solutions to common challenges, develop global standards, share experiences and identify best practices to promote better policies for better lives. 4 Who we are: Our origins 1948 The Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) was formed to administer American and Canadian aid in the framework of the Marshall Plan for the reconstruction of Europe after World War II. • One stipulation: Countries had to work together to decide how to allocate and prioritise resources. 1960 14 December 1960: the Convention transforming OEEC into OECD is signed, and enters into force in 1961. • Article 1 of the Convention: The aims of the OECD […] shall be to promote policies designed: a) to achieve the highest sustainable economic growth and employment and a rising standard of living in Member countries, while maintaining financial stability, and thus to contribute to the development of the world economy; b) to contribute to sound economic expansion in Member as well as non-member countries in the process of economic development. 5 Who we are: Our global reach OECD 37 Member countries and 5 key partners
    [Show full text]
  • Israel National Bathymetric Survey (NBS). a Cooperative Project Between the GSI, IOLR, and MAPI
    John K. Hall, LEBANON Birkhat Ram Ronnie Sade, SYRIA Gideon Tibor, IRAQ Gideon Amit, Kinneret (Sea of Galilee) Arik Golan SE Mediterranean Sea Dead Sea ISRAEL SAUDI ARABIA JORDAN EGYPT Red Sea FIG-2009, Elat Gulf of Aqaba-Elat May 6, 2009 Israel National Bathymetric Survey (NBS). A cooperative project between the GSI, IOLR, and MAPI John K. Hall Aharon (Ronnie) Sade Arik Golan Gideon Amit Limor Gur-Arieh Use of a Kongsberg Simrad EM1002 multibeam sonar to map the Israeli offshore 1 Area of our two Haifa Bay posters Coverage 2001-2007 Tracklines 2001-2007 High Resolution Bathymetry of the Mediterranean off Northern Israel Sade A. R. (1,4), Hall J. K. (1), Golan A. (2), Amit G. (2), Gur-Arie L. (3), Tibor G. (2), Ben-Avraham Z. (4), Hübscher C. (5), and Ben-Dor E. (4). 1. Geological Survey of Israel, Jerusalem , Israel 2. Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research Ltd., Israel 3. Survey of Israel, Tel Aviv , Israel 4. Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv , Israel 5. Institut für Geophysik, UniversitätHamburg, Germany 4218 km of track, 840.4 million soundings 2 Acoustic Backscatter at 95 kHz from the Seafloor off Northern Israel Sade A. (1,4), Hall J. K. (1), Golan A.(2), Amit, G. (2), Gur-Arieh L. (3), Tibor G. (2), Ben-Avraham Z. (4), Ben-Dor E. (4), Fonseca L. (5), Calder B. R. (5), Mayer L. A. (5), and de Moustier C. P. (5) 1. Geological Survey of Israel, Jerusalem, Israel 2. Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research Ltd., Israel 3. Survey of Israel, Tel Aviv , Israel 4.
    [Show full text]
  • OECD Better Life Index
    OECD Better Life Index Thank you! Your responses have been added to our data Now compare with other people around the world. Explore the map Share your index Close Create Your Better Life Index Rate the topics according to their importance to you: Housing Income Jobs Community Education Environment Civic Engagement Health Life Satisfaction Safety Work-Life Balance Reset Help Gender differences Compare with others Share your index How’s life? There is more to life than the cold numbers of GDP and economic statistics – This Index allows you to compare well-being across countries, based on 11 topics the OECD has identified as essential, in the areas of material living conditions and quality of life. Download executive summary Download the index data Learn more about the Better Life Initiative Mapping well-being How's Life? 2020 The 2020 How's Life? report shows the latest data on well-being from an updated set of over 80 indicators for OECD countries and 4 partner countries. It looks at current well-being outcomes, inequalities, and resources for future well-being. Explore the map (http://www.oecd.org/std/how-s-life-23089679.htm) Find out what shapes people’s well-being in OECD and partner countries Find Out More Getting Skills Right: Skills for Jobs Indicators (http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset- Management/oecd/employment/getting-skills-right-skills-for-jobs-indicators_9789264277878- en#.WWx9qG996Uk) more ... (http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset-Management/oecd/employment/getting-skills-right-skills-for-jobs- indicators_9789264277878-en#.WWx9qG996Uk) Starting Strong 2017: Key OECD Indicators on Early Childhood Education and Care (http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset-Management/oecd/education/starting-strong-2017_9789264276116- en#.WWx9fW996Uk) more ..
    [Show full text]