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Enterprise Linux at a Fair Price Moving from Rhel to Centos ENTERPRISE LINUX AT A FAIR PRICE MOVING FROM RHEL TO CENTOS You can have the best available enterprise Linux at an affordable price by migrating from Red Hat Enterprise Linux to CentOS. based on the same OS appearing on a server via the Linux in the enterprise character-based Bash shell, but they are the same. Linux is today’s server operating system of choice. It’s not just the kernel. Numerous major IT open Businesses of all sizes and in all industries have turned source programs run on Linux, including: to this safe, reliable, and powerful operating system. Linux wasn’t originally built with the enterprise in mind but, rather, for personal computers. As Linus Torvalds, WEB SERVERS then a graduate student, wrote in 19911: “I’m doing a Apache and Nginx (free) operating system (just a hobby, won’t be big and professional like gnu) for 386(486) AT clones.” MAIL SERVERS But that changed dramatically in 2003. Red Hat, initially Sendmail and Dovecot founded in 1995 as a software catalog business, decided to focus on delivering an affordable, customiz- able Linux system for businesses’ server needs, according to founders Marc Ewing and Bob Young.2 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS At the time, many people were unhappy3 with Red Hat’s MySQL, Postgres, and MariaDB focus on the enterprise. It wasn’t just customers. Paul Cormier, then Red Hat’s vice president of engineering and now the company’s president of products and The primary reason Linux and open source software 4 technologies, told Ars Technica in 2012: “We had some have become the heart of modern IT is the GNU level of turmoil inside the company with going to this General Public License version 2 (GPLv2). Under this new model.” He was referring to many of the company’s license, a user can copy, repackage, sell, give away, or engineers, some of whom left over the decision. change the code in any way. The caveat is that if the code is distributed, the same rights must be passed on. Yet today, with Red Hat’s having reported that it is well on its way to being the first $1 billion-per-quarter open This means that anyone who works on Linux and then source company, the change in direction has turned distributes the code must share their work. This out well. And it has spun out many business Linux approach has made Linux the most successful of all distributions, including CentOS, Debian, Ubuntu, and open source projects. And it’s why there are several SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES). Of all these, Red Linux server distributions. Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) has emerged as the most popular and important enterprise Linux. RHEL became a leader in this market because it focused on the enterprise earlier than its competitors. The GPL and open source It devoted focused programming work from day 1 toward securing Linux and making it better for business software users. Today, Red Hat is the de facto enterprise server standard. The various Linux distributions are all built on the same foundation: the Linux kernel. It may take an expert eye Yet that position is being challenged by CentOS. to spot that Android running on your smartphone is 1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Linux 2 http://www.zdnet.com/article/from-linux-to-cloud-why-red-hat-matters-for-every-enterprise/ 3 http://practical-tech.com/operating-system/why-linux-users-hate-red-hat/1728/ 4 https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2012/02/how-red-hat-killed-its-core-productand-became-a-billion-dollar-business/ 2 More pragmatically, Red Hat and CentOS joined forces CentOS: The free RHEL in early 2014. Red Hat made this move because, as Red Hat states on its FAQ site: “Success begins with commu- alternative nity-powered innovation… and, in turn, [creates] more demand for RHEL.” CentOS, an acronym for Community Enterprise Operating System, takes RHEL’s source code and Although CentOS is RHEL’s technical equivalent, it’s not compiles it into its own free Linux distribution. CentOS the same commercially. The CentOS community isn’t on can’t legally use Red Hat’s trademarks, so its developers the hook to provide support and training or offer take out the logos, links, and Red Hat–specific code guaranteed service-level agreements (SLAs). Its goal has repositories. They then recompile the code and make it been to give business users access to RHEL’s robust available as CentOS. code—without the need to pay for support. CentOS is binary-compatible with Red Hat. By building CentOS earns customer loyalty by giving businesses the on top of RHEL, CentOS retains RHEL’s technical best of both worlds. On one hand, you get Red Hat’s advantages. CentOS also stays in step with RHEL. For enterprise-quality operating system. On the other, example, Red Hat released RHEL 7.4 on August 1, 2017, CentOS is completely free and open source. and then CentOS released CentOS Linux 7.4, on September 13, 2017. On the application side, how close is CentOS to RHEL? Red Hat recently moved its Yum repositories over to Why does Red Hat allow this? As Jim Whitehurst, Red CentOS’s own mirror. Their core software programs are 5 Hat’s CEO and president, recently wrote in a company identical. Also, CentOS is compatible with major blog post: “Open source is the driving force behind enterprise apps. For example, it can run Oracle much of the technology innovation.” Database, SAP, and Salesforce. CentOS adoption among enterprises has risen rapidly By 2010, CentOS By 2017, 85% of Today, CentOS is CentOS runs at There are more was the leading websites used by more least 300,000 of than 13,000 web server (on-premises and than 100,000 the Internet’s CentOS instances operating system, in the cloud) companies.8 web services.9 running on with almost 30% were running Amazon Web of all Linux noncommercial, Services (AWS).10 servers.6 unpaid-for Linux distros such as CentOS.7 5 https://www.redhat.com/en/blog/future-open-seizing-opportunity-open-source 6 https://w3techs.com/blog/entry/highlights_of_web_technology_surveys_july_2010 7 Gartner, “How to Decide Whether Free Linux is a Viable Option to Paid Linux,” April 14, 2017 8 iDataLabs: https://idatalabs.com/tech/products/centos 9 Netcraft November 2017 Web Server Survey 10 The Cloud Market, EC2 Statistics, as of February 2018 3 That level of cost savings isn’t typical. Most companies The business case for don’t have rollouts quite that large, but it is common to see savings of roughly 50%, primarily from eliminating migration to CentOS license fees. CentOS is essentially a “move and drop” replacement Many enterprises start by investigating how CentOS for RHEL, making migration relatively easy while staying works for them on the edge with nonproduction or within the Red Hat operating system family. non-mission-critical servers and data centers. This helps prove that CentOS and RHEL are functionally The primary reason companies are moving from RHEL identical. to CentOS is price. And that’s about licensing and support costs. And it leads to another area of cost savings: training. If your administrators are already comfortable with Linux, Let’s break it down. With Red Hat, you must pay specifically RHEL, your staff won’t need CentOS training. multiple licensing fees for each product such as the RHEL server, virtual machine, high-availability add-on, load balancer add-on, and so on. For a typical midsize More reasons to switch business with 1,000 servers and standard support, these would be the licensing fees: Another reason companies make the switch is to be free from a closed ecosystem. Now, when you think “closed” software ecosystem, you’re probably thinking Cost Comparison Apple or Microsoft. Red Hat has its own way of keeping you penned in. RHEL CentOS approximately vs For instance, a large retail enterprise with a geographically distributed brick-and-mortar network $800,000 $0 wanted to do more than cut costs. It also wanted to free itself from the RHEL ecosystem so it could more Sometimes those savings are greater. Take, for easily scale. The company needed the flexibility of instance, a large enterprise mobile communications being able to choose both the software it needed and company that recently moved to CentOS: how it was deployed to match its use cases. For example, when it came to tools for management and DevOps, the retailer wanted to make its own choices. By migrating to CentOS, it achieved that level of scalability and flexibility. Taking into account Others businesses migrate away from Red Hat because everything from RHEL they aren’t happy with the level of support. They want licenses to subscription quicker access to experts, including system architects. support and maintenance, it These are all reasons why companies wanting to saved about $20 million. migrate to CentOS are turning to OpenLogic That’s substantial enough to CentOS support from Rogue Wave Software. get the attention of even global companies’ CFOs. 4 Supporting CentOS: Why OpenLogic At one time, Linux technical knowledge and skills were uncommon. That’s no longer the case. Thus, with the right staffing, your IT department can handle day-to-day problems. However, there are typically IT challenges that are outside of your staff’s expertise. After all, 80% of technical support problems deal with issues beyond a single software package. OpenLogic offers the same level of support with CentOS that Red Hat offers with RHEL. But OpenLogic goes beyond the CentOS operating system and provides support for mission-critical apps.
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