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Explicating the American Evangelical Right's Moral Worldview Regarding Same-Sex Marriage and Abortion University of Denver Digital Commons @ DU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies 1-1-2017 Honor, Shame, and Redemption: Explicating the American Evangelical Right's Moral Worldview Regarding Same-Sex Marriage and Abortion Jeffrey B. Satterwhite University of Denver Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd Part of the Political Science Commons, Religion Commons, and the Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Satterwhite, Jeffrey B., "Honor, Shame, and Redemption: Explicating the American Evangelical Right's Moral Worldview Regarding Same-Sex Marriage and Abortion" (2017). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1344. https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1344 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at Digital Commons @ DU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ DU. For more information, please contact [email protected],[email protected]. Honor, Shame, and Redemption: Explicating the American Evangelical Right’s Moral Worldview Regarding Same-Sex Marriage and Abortion A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the University of Denver and the Iliff School of Theology Joint PhD Program University of Denver In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by Jeff B. Satterwhite August 2017 Advisor: Antony Alumkal ©Copyright by Jeff B. Satterwhite 2017 All Rights Reserved Author: Jeff B. Satterwhite Title: Honor, Shame, and Redemption: Explicating the American Evangelical Right’s Moral Worldview Regarding Same-Sex Marriage and Abortion Advisor: Antony Alumkal Degree Date: August 2017 ABSTRACT With the rise of the New Religious Right in American politics, same-sex marriage and abortion emerged as the seminal political issues in a burgeoning culture wars narrative. While previous literature in the sociology of religion and political science fields has examined conservative evangelical political mobilization around these issues, this literature has not adequately considered the primacy of theology in determining these critical political commitments of the evangelical right. This dissertation utilizes aspects of James Wellman’s concept of moral worldview, Ann Swidler’s ideas on the cultural toolkit, and Christian Smith’s subcultural identity theory to explore the formation of conservative evangelical social identity. In contrast to other works, however, this project asserts that theological orthodoxy directly dictates the most salient issues of political mobilization for members of the evangelical right. Key evangelical theological themes distill into three ideological frames that govern the conservative evangelical moral worldview and their political issue priorities. These ideological frames of moral purity/innocence, personal responsibility, and obedience to authority filter and limit the range of cultural tools available to conservative evangelicals in their experience of the world. Using content analysis to show how evangelical right leaders utilize these frames in their rhetoric, this project demonstrates how same-sex marriage and abortion emerge as the pivotal issues in the conservative evangelical mind. It argues that conservative ii evangelicals do not sort their sense of tribal identity into two categories of us and them, but rather three discrete categories of us, them, and potentially us, bringing the redemptive aspect of evangelical theology into their classification, reclassification and engagement with “the Other.” Combining the use of ideological frames with factors of threat and taboo, this dissertation demonstrates how evangelical theology directly produces moral claims and explicates how same-sex marriage and abortion have become a new political orthodoxy in an increasingly polarized American political landscape. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter One: Introduction ..............................................................................................1 Sociology of Religion and the Evangelical Subculture .......................................5 Political Action – and Reaction – The Culture Wars ...........................................11 Grievances, Victimhood, and Collective Defense ...............................................13 The Language of Values and Dualism .................................................................18 The Politics of Gender and Existential Threats to Morality ................................19 Authoritarianism, Motivation, and the Evangelical Mind ...................................24 Weaving the Disciplines ......................................................................................25 Chapter Two: Crisis, Cross, and Conversion ..................................................................28 The Authority of the Bible ...................................................................................31 The Concept of Sin ..............................................................................................34 The Necessity of Personal Conversion ................................................................36 Missionary Activity .............................................................................................37 Gender Roles and Conservative Evangelicalism .................................................39 The Emergence of the New Religious Right .......................................................40 The Rhetoric of Social Change ............................................................................44 Chapter Three: Shifting Conformity Theory and the Evangelical Cycle of Political Mobilization .........................................................................................................45 Moral Worldview and Subcultural Identity .........................................................46 Moral Purity/Innocence .......................................................................................50 Personal Responsibility ........................................................................................51 Obedience to Authority ........................................................................................53 Shifting Conformity Theory ................................................................................55 Ideal Types and the Cycle of Political Mobilization ...........................................58 Classification and Differing Engagement Strategies ...........................................63 Tension and Conflict ............................................................................................66 Chapter Four: When Theology Becomes Ideology ........................................................67 A Nation Under Threat ........................................................................................68 The Loss of Innocence .........................................................................................69 Responsibility and Accountability .......................................................................75 Orthodoxy and Obedience ...................................................................................79 Ideology and Rhetoric ..........................................................................................83 Chapter Five: Same-Sex Marriage and Abortion as Evangelical Orthodoxy .................85 Perversity and the Protection of Marriage ...........................................................86 The Unborn Child and the Destruction of Innocence ..........................................94 The Argument from Personhood .........................................................................98 Personal Rights and the Protection of the Powerless ...........................................102 iv Morality and Obedience to God ...........................................................................104 Existential Threat and Evangelical Energy ..........................................................107 Evangelical Orthodoxy in Action ........................................................................108 Chapter Six: Mobilizing a Moral Worldview .................................................................110 Mobilization Through Classification ...................................................................110 Ideal Types ...........................................................................................................116 Capital Punishment ..............................................................................................118 Healthcare Reform ..............................................................................................120 Mobilization and Identity .....................................................................................122 Chapter Seven: Conclusion .............................................................................................123 Potential Limitations ............................................................................................123 Methodologies for Further Investigation .............................................................125 Impact in the Field and Future Study ...................................................................126 Implications for Future Political Action ..............................................................127 In Conclusion .......................................................................................................129 Bibliography ....................................................................................................................130
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