SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ACTION PLAN (SEAP) FOR THE CITY MUNICIPALITY OF KRANJ
FINAL REPORT
For: City Municipality of Kranj
Authors: Local energy agency of Gorenjska region (LEAG) In cooperation with ENVIRODUAL, ltd
Project no.: 69/2013
Produced in February, 2014
Local energy agency of Gorenjska region (LEAG) e-mail: [email protected]
PROJECT NO.: 69/2013
Project title: Sustainable Energy Action plan (SEAP) for City Municipality of Kranj
Project stage: FINAL REPORT
Client: City municipality of Kranj Slovenski trg 1, 4000 Kranj
Client representative: mr. Janez Ziherl, Chief UGGJS
Authors: Local energy agency of Gorenjska (LEAG) Slovenski trg 1, 4000 Kranj
In cooperation with Envirodual, sustainable environmental and energy source management, research and education, d.o.o. Spodnje Blato 27, 1290 Grosuplje
Produced in: February 2014
Responsible for project mag. Anton Pogačnik, B.S. in mechanical engineering coordination:
Project manager: Katarina Pogačnik, M.S. in protection of environment and natural resources
Other contributors: Urša Zakrajšek, B.A. in geography Gregor Pečnik, B.A. in economics Črtomir Kurnik, Associate degree in economics mag. Marko Hočevar
Local energy agency of Gorenjska region (LEAG) e-mail: [email protected] SEAP CITY MUNICIPALITY OF KRANJ
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Executive Summary ...... 8 1.1 Covenant of Mayors and SEAP ...... 8 1.2 Baseline Emission Inventory ...... 8 1.3 Objective of SEAP for City Municipality of Kranj ...... 12 1.4 Action plan of SEAP of COK ...... 12 2 Introduction ...... 13 2.1 Covenant of Mayors ...... 13 2.2 Approach to the Covenant of Mayors ...... 13 2.3 Sustainable Energy Action plan (SEAP) ...... 14 2.3.1 Scope of SEAP ...... 14 2.3.2 SEAP Time-frame ...... 15 3 Analysis of the situation ...... 16 3.1 Introduction to City Municipality of Kranj ...... 16 3.2 Analysis of energy use ...... 17 3.2.1 Households ...... 17 3.2.2 Public buildings ...... 21 3.2.3 Industrial and other larger business objects ...... 25 3.2.4 Transport ...... 25 3.2.5 Use of electric energy ...... 26 3.2.6 Public lighting ...... 28 3.2.7 Joint consumption of energy in COK ...... 29 3.3 Energy supply ...... 31 3.3.1 Supply of heating ...... 31 3.3.2 Use of electric energy ...... 32 3.3.3 Supply with natural gas ...... 34 4 BASELINE EMISSION INVENTORY ...... 36 4.1 Baseline year ...... 36 4.2 Emission factors ...... 36 4.3 Final consumption of energy ...... 37 4.3.1 Municipal buildings, equipment/facilities ...... 39 4.3.2 Tertiary buildings, equipment/facilities ...... 40 4.3.3 Residential buildings ...... 40 4.3.4 Public lighting ...... 40 4.3.5 Industries ...... 41 4.3.6 Municipal fleet ...... 41 4.3.7 Public transport ...... 42 4.3.8 Private and commercial transport ...... 42 4.3.9 Final energy consumption ...... 43
4.4 CO 2 Emissions ...... 44
4.5 Local electricity production and corresponding CO 2 emissions ...... 45
4.6 Local heat/cold production and corresponding CO 2 emissions ...... 45 5 Overall Strategy ...... 48
5.1 Overall objectives related to decrease of CO 2 emissions ...... 48
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5.1.1 Approach to lowering emissions ...... 48 5.1.2 Overall objective ...... 48 5.2 Long-term vision of the City Municipality of Kranj ...... 48
6 CO 2 emissions action plan ...... 49 6.1 Measures for municipal buildings, equipment/facilities ...... 51 6.1.1 Area of awareness raising and counselling ...... 51 6.1.2 Public planning and public infrastructure area ...... 51 6.1.3 Energy systems ...... 55 6.2 Residential buildings measures ...... 57 6.3 Industries measures ...... 58 6.4 Transport measures ...... 59 6.5 Other measures ...... 62 6.6 An estimation of decrease of CO2 emissions for defined measures from 2014 until 2020 ...... 63 6.7 Financing mechanism for action plan implementation ...... 65 6.8 Organizational structure for implementation of action plan ...... 74 6.8.1 Covenant of mayors implementation structure ...... 74 6.8.2 Staff assigned towards implementation of SEAP ...... 74 6.8.3 Foreseen monitoring and reporting measures ...... 75 6.8.4 Practical information regarding obtaining financial sources for implementation of measures ...... 75 6.8.5 Including stakeholders and general population ...... 75
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INDEX TABLE
Table 1: Final energy consumption ...... 9
Table 2: CO 2 emissions ...... 10 Table 3: Action plan for decrease of CO 2 emissions ...... 12 Table 4: Average monthly temperatures for 2004, 2005 and 2006 ...... 17 Table 5: Analysis of use of energy in systems of District heating Planina and Vodovodni stolp ...... 18 Table 6: Data on bigger boilers, managed by Domplan d.d...... 19 Table 7: Estimated use of energy sources for heating apartments with organized local, storey or central heating in 2006 ...... 21 Table 8: Basic data on use of energy in elementary schools and day care centers of COK ...... 22 Table 9: Use of energy in the Covered Olympic pool and summer swimming pool Kranj ...... 24 Table 10: Use of energy in processing sectors and construction for COK in 2006 ...... 25 Table 11: Average usage of fuel for public transport vehicles ...... 26 Table 12: Use of energy source in COK in 2006 ...... 26 Table 13: Number of clients by tariff groups in the COK in the period of 2006-2010 ...... 27 Table 14: Use of electrical energy (MWh) by tariff groups ...... 27 Table 15: Summary of public lighting in COK ...... 28 Table 16: Use of energy for heating and air filtering ...... 30 Table 17: Use of fuel in Merkur boiler ...... 32 Table 18: Number of transformer stations by installed power ...... 33 Table 19: Number of DS included in the distribution network of Elektro Gorenjska d.d. in COK area ...... 33 Table 20: Yearly production of DS used in the electrical network of the Elektro Gorenjska in the area of City municipality of Kranj in ...... 34 Table 21: Comparison of standard and LCA emission factors ...... 36
Table 22: Standard emission factors for calculation of CO 2 while using energy sources ...... 37 Table 23: Standard emission factor for CO 2 calculation while using electrical energy...... 37 Table 24: Calorific values of energy sources ...... 38 Table 25: End use of energy in municipal buildings ...... 39 Table 26: Final use of energy in the residential buildings ...... 40 Table 27: End use of energy for municipal public lighting ...... 40 Table 28: End use of energy for processing and construction activities ...... 41 Table 29: End use of energy for municipal vehicle fleet ...... 41 Table 30: End use of energy from public transport ...... 42 Table 31: Final energy consumption ...... 43
Table 32: CO 2 Emissions ...... 44 Table 33: Foreseen sources of financing for action plan defined investments ...... 67
INDEX OF DIAGRAMS
Diagram 1: Distribution of apartments by manner of heating ...... 18 Diagram 2: Ratio heating of apartments not connected to boilers or district heating system ...... 20 Diagram 3: Ratio of apartments heating with individual sources ...... 21 Diagram 4: Presentation of project results (energy numbers) of contractual provision of savings in COK ...... 24 Diagram 5: Yearly data on number of transported passengers for 2010 ...... 26 Diagram 6: Yearly usage of electrical energy in COK in MWh ...... 27 Diagram 7: Display of manufacturing of heat in Planina boiler by heating season ...... 31 Diagram 8: Yearly production of DS included in the distribution network of Elektro Gorenjska d.d. in COK area ... 34 Diagram 9: Yearly production of DS included in the Elektro Gorenjska d.d. distribution area in the COK area (percentages) ...... 34 Diagram 10: Construction of connecting points and actual usage of natural gas...... 35
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INDEX OF IMAGES
Picture 1: Adhesion form to Covenant of Mayors ...... 13 Picture 2: COK area ...... 16 Picture 3: Approach to lowering emissions ...... 48 Picture 4: Borderline costs of emission decrease curve ...... 50
ANNEXES
Annex 1_Public buildings
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
BEI Baseline Emission Inventory CoM Covenant of Mayors
CO 2 Carbon dioxide REC Reuse center BDH Biomass district heating HO Heating oil EZ Law on energy IP Industrial production SEAP Sustainable Energy Action Plan PT Public transport MP Municipal production LEC Local energy concept SHEP Small hydro electrical plants COK City municipality of Kranj RRE Renewable resources of energy EEA Extended energy audit SFE Solar power plants SURS Statistical office of the Republic of Slovenia LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas EE Energy efficiency CC City council
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1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1 Covenant of Mayors and SEAP
Covenant of Mayors represents a European wide movement, comprised of various local and regional authorities. These authorities have voluntarily committed to improving energy efficiency and use of renewable sources of energy in their respective territories. Signatories of the Covenant oblige themselves, to meet and exceed the goal of European Union which is to decrease CO 2 emissions by 2020. Signatories of the Covenant of Mayors are due to present Sustainable Energy Action Plan (from here on SEAP), in which objectives of the Covenant and measures for fulfillment of objectives are defined.
SEAP is a key document, in which a signatory of the Covenant presents its activities for attainment of the objective to decrease CO 2 emissions by 2020. Based on results of the Baseline Emission Inventory (BEI) the most appropriate areas for action and opportunities for decrease of CO 2 are defined. It defines established activities and measures for attainment of objectives as well as time-frames and assigned responsibilities.
1.2 Baseline Emission Inventory
The basic pre-condition for preparation of SEAP is Baseline Emission Inventory. In accordance with the Guidelines for preparation of SEAP, the recommended starting point for the Record is 1990. In case of absence of high quality data in order to prepare the record for 1990, any year can be chosen for which the most highly reliable data can be gathered and as close to 1990 as possible. Due to the fact, that COK already prepared Local energy concept (Local energy concept, COK, March 2008, El-tec Mulej ltd, Local energy concept COK-revised, December 2011, Local energy agency of Gorenjska region), and since this report already gathered data for 2006, the starting point Baseline Emission Inventory of City Municipality of Kranj was chosen as 2006 (in order to avoid more gathering of data).
Baseline Emission Inventory was prepared for the following areas: - municipal buildings, equipment/capacities, - residential buildings, - municipal public lighting, - industrial activities, - municipal vehicle fleet, - public transportation.
Data for preparation of Baseline Emission Inventory for the above listed areas was summarized from the Local energy concept.
The following areas were not included in the Baseline Emission Inventory, due to lack of data: tertiary buildings, equipment/capacity, private and commercial traffic.
In order to calculate emissions, we used standard emission factors due to easier accessibility. We used default emission factors, as listed in the Guidelines for preparation of SEAP.
The tables below list final energy consumption of the respective areas, as well as the corresponding CO 2 emissions for 2006.
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Table 1: Final energy consumption FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION [MWh]
Fossil Fuels Renewable energies
Category Other Electricity Heat cold Natural Liquid Heating Lignit Other Solar Total Diesel Gasoline Coal fossil Plant oil Biofuel Geothermal gas gas oil e biomass thermal fuels
BUILDINGS, EQUIPMENT / FACILITIES & INDUSTRIES Municipal buildings, 3.351 2.726 4.268 7.751 18.096 equipment/facilities Tertiary (non municipal) buildings, 0 equipment/facilities Residential buildings 79.066 83.327 35.289 1.374 97.445 608 18.848 315.957
Public lighting 3.353 3.353 Industr ies (excluding industries involved in the 221.531 78.257 288.487 1.293 11.190 21.747 8.534 631.039 EU Emission trading scheme - ETS) Subtotal 307.301 164.310 328.044 2.667 116.386 21.747 0 0 608 0 0 0 27.382 0 0 968.445
TRANSPORT
Municipal fleet 6 46 52 Public transport 4.343 4.343 Private and commercial 0 transport Subtotal 0 0 0 0 0 6 4.389 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.395
TOTAL 307.301 164.310 328.044 2.667 116.386 21.753 4.389 0 608 0 0 0 27.382 0 0 972.840
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Table 2: CO 2 emissions
CO 2 emissions [t]/ CO 2 equivalent emissions [t]
Fossil Fuels Renewable energies
Category Other Electricity Heat cold Natural Liquid Heating Gasolin Lignit Other Solar Total Diesel Coal fossil Plant oil Biofuel Geothermal gas gas oil e e biomass thermal fuels
BUILDINGS, EQUIPMENT / FACILITIES & INDUSTRIES Municipal buildings, 1.867 551 862 2.163 5.442 equipment/facilities Tertiary (non municipal) buildings, 0 equipment/facilities Residential buildings 44.040 16.832 7.128 312 27.187 207 0 95.707
Public lighting 1.868 1.868 Industries (ex cluding industries involved in the 123.393 15.808 58.274 294 3.122 5.806 0 206.697 EU Emission trading scheme - ETS) Subtotal 171.167 33.191 66.265 605 32.472 5.806 0 0 207 0 0 0 0 0 0 309.713
TRANSPORT
Municipal fleet 2 11 13 Public transport 1.081 1.081 Private and commercial 0 transport TOTAL 0 0 0 0 0 2 1.093 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.094
OTHER : Waste management Waste management
List other emissions
TOTAL 171.167 33.191 66.265 605 32.472 5.806 1.093 0 207 0 0 0 0 0 0 310.808
Corresponding CO - 2 0,557 0,202 0,202 0,227 0,279 0,267 0,249 0,364 0,341 0 emission factors in
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[t/MWh]
CO 2 emission factor for electricity not produced locally [t/MWh]
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1.3 Objective of SEAP for City Municipality of Kranj
Overall objective of the City Municipality of Kranj is a decrease in CO 2 emissions by 21% in 2020. The objective of decrease of emissions is defined as an absolute value (percentage of amount of CO 2 emissions calculated from the starting point of 2006).
1.4 Action plan of SEAP of COK
The objective of 21% decrease of CO 2 emissions will be achieved by implementing action plans and measures listed in the table below.
Table 3: Action plan for decrease of CO 2 emissions Area of awareness Cooperation plan for implementation of awareness raising-educational raising and activities counselling Implementation of educational-awareness raising activities Preparation of regulations to implement COK energy strategy Energy accountancy for municipal buildings Preparation of energy performance certificates for municipal buildings Setting up SIST EN ISO 50001:2011 standard as the tool for implementation of energy efficiency maintenance of COK Public planning and Preparation of expanded energy performance audits of public buildings Measures for public Decrease use of energy in municipal buildings municipal buildings, infrastructure area Energy rehabilitation of COK public buildings equipment/facilities Set- up systems for wood biomass in public buildings Monitoring the use of energy for public lighting Rationalization of public lighting and compliance with the regulation Use of smart public lighting and introduction of self sufficient street lighting Increasing consumption and expanding district heating systems- gasification Renewable resources of energy plan of use Energy systems 1. Set up of biomass district heating system 2. Set up of systems to use bio-gas 3. Introduction of geothermal energy systems Subsidizing expanded energy audits for multi-unit residential buildings Including private investors in introducing measures of energy Residential buildings measures rehabilitations of multi-unit residential buildings Investment measures in households Replacement of household appliances with energy efficient ones Industri es measures Implementation of active counseling in industry Preparation of strategy for public transport and implementation of measures for improving public transport system Preparation of traffic study and traffic modeling Sustainable parking policies Preparation of mobility plans and promotion of sustainable mobility Transport measures Set up of bicycle paths Promoting use of alternative sources of energy Improvement of municipal vehicle fleet Optimization of traffic light system Set- up of P&R system and limitations on parking in old city core Applications to tenders for investments in RSE and ESE (preparation of Other measures applications) REUSE center
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2 INTRODUCTION
2.1 Covenant of Mayors
Covenant of Mayors is a European wide movement, comprised of local and regional authorities. These authorities have voluntarily obliged to increase energy efficiency and use of renewable sources of energy in their respective areas. The signatories of the Covenant have obliged themselves to meet and exceed the objective of the
European Union to decrease CO 2 emissions by 20% in the year 2020.
After the adoption of EU Climate-Energy Package in 2008, the European Commission formed the Covenant of the Mayors in order to reaffirm and support efforts of local authorities in implementation of energy efficiency policies. Local authorities have a key role in minimizing the effects of climate changes due to the fact, that 80% of energy consumption and CO 2 is connected to urban activities.
Due to its unique characteristics it is the only such movement, which encourages local and regional participants to achieve EU objectives. European institutions portray the Covenant of Mayors as an exceptional model of multi- level governance.
2.2 Approach to the Covenant of Mayors
1. STEP – SIGNATURE OF THE CONVENANT OF MAYORS
The usual first step is the signature of the Covenant of Mayors. This is done by signing the adhesion form.
Picture 1: Adhesion form to Covenant of Mayors
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All European local authorities can access the Covenant of Mayors. Decision on adhesion is completely voluntary and the Covenant of Mayors can be joined at any point in time. Local authorities planning on joining the Covenant of Mayors should obtain consent from the City/Municipality Council. Once the decision on joining is formally accepted, the Adhesion form is filled out and signed.
2. STEP – SUBMISSION OF SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ACTION PLAN (SEAP)
Each signatory obliges them self to submit Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) within a year after joining Covenant of Mayors. The SEAP should contain goals of the Covenant and measures for their attainment. SEAP has to be approved by the City Council.
After submission of the SEAP, the Joint research center verifies consistency of data. After SEAP form is approved summary of listed data is published at the web site of the Covenant of mayors, under the signatory profile.
Implementation of Sustainable energy action plan (SEAP) is definitely the longest step and will require the most efforts and financial resources.
Monitoring progress is a very important step in the process of Sustainable energy action plan (SEAP). Regular evaluation, which is followed by adjustments of action plan, enables constant improvement of the process.
3. STEP- REGULAR SUBMISSION OF REPORTS ON IMPLEMENTATION
After submission of the Sustainable Energy Action plan (SEAP) a report on implementation of SEAP has to be filled every two years. The purpose of reports is to verify consistency of intermediate results with set objectives from the viewpoint of implemented measures and decrease in CO 2 emissions. Internet form, which is closely connected with the SEAP form, simplifies the reporting procedures. Main achievements will be published under the signatory profiles on the Covenants' web site, and this briefly presents the achievements of the local authority.
2.3 Sustainable Energy Action plan (SEAP)
In order to transform political will into concrete measures and policies, the signatories of the Covenant are firstly obliged to prepare Baseline Emission Inventory, and submit Sustainable Energy Action plan (SEAP) within a year after joining the Covenant of Mayors.
Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) is a key document, in which a signatory of the Covenant presents the ways in which the objective of the decrease of CO 2 will be achieved by 2020. Based on the results of the Baseline Emissions Inventory (BEI) the most appropriate areas for measures are identified, as well as opportunities for achievement of goals of CO 2 decrease. BEI defines the set up of activities and measures for achievement of goals, as well as time-frames and delegated responsibilities.
2.3.1 Scope of SEAP
Covenant of Mayors is concerned with measures on the local level and under authority of the local community.
SEAP has to focus on measures to decrease CO 2 emissions and the final energy consumption at users end. SEAP has to cover the whole geographical area of the local community. It has to include measures for the public as well as for the private sector. However, it is expected that local community will lead by example, and therefore that it will introduce energy efficiency measures in own buildings, vehicle fleet, etc.
The main target sectors are buildings, equipment/capabilities, and public transport. SEAP can also include measures linked with local production of electrical energy (photovoltaic, wind energy, improvement of local production of electrical energy) and local heating/cooling. Furthermore SEAP can also cover areas, where local community can affect energy consumption (for example areas such as spatial planning), encourage the market to
Page 14 od 76 SEAP CITY MUNICIPALITY OF KRANJ use energy efficient products and services (public procurement procedures), as well as changes in the consumption structure (together with stakeholders and general population).
However, the industrial sector is not a key sector for the Covenant of Mayors, therefore the local community can chose to include or not include measures for that sector. However, in any case, all enterprises included in
European system of CO 2 emissions trading have to be excluded from the SEAP, unless these enterprises were included in previous local community plans.
2.3.2 SEAP Time-frame
The goal year of the Covenant of Mayors is 2020; therefore SEAP has to include a clear description of strategy and measures to be implemented by the local community, in order to achieve goals by 2020. SEAP can cover a longer period; however, in this case, it has to contain values and objectives for 2020.
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1 3 ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION
3.1 Introduction to City Municipality of Kranj
City Municipality of Kranj (from here on COK) is part of Gorenjska statistical region, and represents its center. Its population 53.209 (end of 2006 census) represents more than 25% of the population of the region, and is hosting more than a third of all enterprises registered in the region. COK is economically the strongest municipality in the region, and numerous indicators confirm, that it represents more than a third of the economic strength of the region. The economic strength of the Municipality is assured by large and successful industrial companies. Important role is played also by smaller but profitable companies. Income per employee is above the regions average. As the rest of the region, City of Kranj also has a relatively favorable age structure of the population, where almost a third of the population is under age of 25. Potential of the COK guarantees possibilities for further development. Favorable geographical position, good road and railroad connections, well developed economic infrastructure and closeness of the international airport Ljubljana in Brnik, also favorably affect economic development of the Municipality.
Picture 2: COK area
1 Summarized from: - Local energy concept of COK, March 2008, El-tec Mulej d.o.o. - Local energy concept of COK - revision, December 2011, Local energy agency of Gorenjska region
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COK covers area of 150, 90 ha. It consists of 49 settlements and 26 local communities. At the end of 2006 53.209 people lived in the Municipality (Statistical yearbook 2007).
At the end of 2006, there were 19.740 apartments with the common area of 1.514.900 m 2. Average size of an apartment is 76, 7 m2 (Statistical yearbook 2008).
COK has an alpine climate, and the table below shows average monthly temperatures for years 2004, 2005 and 2006.
Table 4: Average monthly temperatures for 2004, 2005 and 2006 Average temperature Month (°C) 2004 2005 2006 Januar y -1,6 -2,4 -4,5 Februar y 0,3 -3,2 -2,1 Mar ch 2,3 2,7 2,3 April 9,0 8,8 9,4 May 12,2 14,8 13,6 Jun e 16,9 18,3 18,7 Jul y 18,6 19,3 21,6 Au gust 18,5 17,1 16,2 September 13,8 15, 0 15,7 Oc tober 11,6 10,3 11,1 November 3,9 3,9 6,2 December 0,0 -2,5 2,5 AVERAGE 8,8 8,5 9,2
Average above sea level in COK is 385 m, the geographical position: - latitude 46°15', - Longitude 14°22'.
3.2 Analysis of energy use
Analysis of energy use in COK is prepared for the following groups of users: - households, - mayor enterprises, - Public buildings.
There is a separate analysis of energy use for heating and sanitary hot water and a separate analysis for usage of electrical energy.
3.2.1 Households
Apartments in COK are being heated the following ways: - Connection to district heating system, - Through larger boilers, heating multiple buildings - Local, storey or central heating for an individual building.
Data on distribution of apartments based on heating manner are gathered from Statistical office of the Republic of Slovenia -2002 census. The data is displayed in the diagram below.
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district heating
boiler for several adjacent buildings,
central heating for one building
storey central heating
no central heating
no heating
Diagram 1: Distribution of apartments by manner of heating
3.2.1.1 Apartment buildings- households connected to district heating system
COK has three district heating systems. Two out of three are managed by a company Domplan d.d. and has apartment and business buildings connected. One is being managed by Energetika Sava company, and only has business buildings connected. Systems are described in detail in the following chapters. Manager of both systems that has apartment buildings connected lacks precise information on the number of connected apartments. The calculation of heating costs is done by the surface being heated, therefore we used the data on the m 2 of the heated surface through each system and the average size of an apartment to define the number of apartments connected to system.
Based on data by Domplan d.d., the district heating system Planina has an accounted apartment surface of 239.231 m 2, or 4.100 apartments, which represents 20, 5% of all apartments 2. District heating Vodovodni stolp S2 (operated by the same company) has an accounted surface of 43.680 m 2, which represents 800 apartments or 4% of all apartments. Together there are 4.900 apartments connected to district heating in COK, which represents 25% of all apartments in COK. Based on the fact, that the cost calculation is not done on the actually used energy for heating, and data on actual use is not available, we assessed the energy numbers and usage of secondary and useful energy for these apartments. The calculations are seen from the table below. It has to be stressed this is the total use of energy in the system and not only apartments usage.
Table 5: Analysis of use of energy in systems of District heating Planina and Vodovodni stolp Type of Use of Average Use of fuel: Heated Energy Use of end useful use in the secondary Boiler Natural surface number energy* energy for past three energy gas, units (m 2) (kWh/m 2) (kWh/m 2) heating years (kWh/m 2) (kWh/m 2) PLANINA Sm 3 253.476 7.723.987 289 261 221 153 VODOVODNI Sm 3 47.004 975.613 197 177 151 STOLP *with energy for heating sanitary warm water in the Planina area Source: Domplan d.d
2 Calculated for 2006, Source: Statistical yearbook 2007, Statistical office of the Republic of Slovenia
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3.2.1.2 Apartment buildings – households provided with heating energy through bigger common boilers
Data on bigger boilers used for servicing apartment buildings are gathered through surveying building managers. In the COK area there are there major building manager companies present, Domplan d.d., Dom sistemi ltd, and Zveza Kranj ltd. Most buildings are managed by Domplan d.d., which forwarded data on use of energy in individual boilers. The table below shows this data. Data on use of energy for natural gas boilers was also gathered. However this data can not be displayed per building, but only as a summary figure, due to business rights clauses.
There are 30 such boilers: - 5 boilers with power input of up to 50 kW, - 13 boilers with power input from 50 to 100 kW, - 6 boilers with power input from 100 to 200 kW, - 6 boilers with power input over 200 kW.
Based on calculations and Statistical office data, the estimated number of apartments connected to common boilers (without Planina and Vodovodni stolp) is 1.850 apartments, which represents a 9% share. The ratio of apartments using common boilers and district heating is therefore 34% of all apartments (all together 6.900 apartments).
Table 6: Data on bigger boilers, managed by Domplan d.d. Installed Heating season Number Heating Number of boiler 2005 2004 2003 Boiler of boilers surface connected power / / / installed (m 2) users (kW) 2006 2005 2004 Natural Planina Sm 3 45082 3 253476 4139 7.765.197 7.640.539 7.766.225 gas Vodovodni Natural Sm 3 8350 3 47004 818 1.006.032 955.484 965.322 stolp-S2 gas Š.C. Zlato Natural Sm 3 4750 2 - 5 350.397 288.985 295.439 polje gas H-8 Natural Bleiweisova Sm 3 3720 2 11491 105 331.576 324.696 326.692 gas ul. 14 Mlakarjeva Natural Sm 3 572 2 3961 72 89.548 84.534 90.482 22 gas Kidričeva Natural Sm 3 230 1 1556 30 37.379 33.343 32.381 47 gas ZZZS Zlato Natural Sm 3 450 1 4000 45 67.234 66.439 63.315 polje 2 gas Natural Kebetova 1 Sm 3 582 1 3417 72 90.770 92.578 87.303 gas Natural Zoisova 11 Sm 3 92,6 2 1159 20 15.095 - - gas Bleiweisova HO l 810 2 8133 53 89.622 84.551 84.919 6 Zlato polje HO l 816 2 6763 144 159.341 163.756 158.962 3 Zoisova 13 HO l 814 1 4411 80 88.324 109.656 108.909 Savska c. 2 HO l 200 2 2394 45 40.847 38.087 38.822 Oldhamska HO l 80 1 281 6 7.520 7.258 6.690 14 Kidričeva 1 HO l 800 2 4606 71 87.325 79.996 81.415 Maistrov HO l 230 1 900 13 25.527 23.250 23.455 trg 12 Poštna 3 HO l 408 1 2172 40 36.825 40.979 42.148
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Reginčeva HO l 44 1 192 5 5.132 4.930 4.762 8 Hrastje 52 HO l 60 1 450 10 10.026 9.676 9.793 Kopališka HO l 50 1 300 5 2.788 2.610 4.956 17 Golnik 111, HO l 655 1 3696 69 91.630 93.781 97.433 112 Smledniška HO l 60 1 360 6 6.424 6.558 - 36 Britof 32 UTP l 126 1 660 15 11.843 - - Čirče 39 UTP l 44 1 428 6 8.500 - -
3.2.1.3 Apartment buildings- households using local, storey or central heating for individual building
Heating of individual apartment buildings is divided in two groups: - Heating of the objects, connected to the natural gas network, - Heating of other objects.
For 2006 the estimated number of apartments is 12.600 or 65%.
Heating of objects not connected to natural gas network and has an organized local, storey or central heating.
Use of natural gas in households in 2006 without district heating system and without common boilers was 2.730.000 Sm 3, and the connecting power was 25.614 kW (without sanitary heated water).There was approximately 3.100 appartments connected to natural gas system in 2006, and their central, storey or local heating and are not connected to larger common boilers. This represents 16% of all apartments in COK.
Heating of other apartment buildings, with organized local, storey, or central heating
Data on distribution of apartments based on energy use (main source) are originating from Statistical office data- census 2002. Data only covers apartments not connected to common boilers and district heating systems. Data is showed in the graph below.
heating oil
wood and wood waste
natural gas
electricity
coal and coal briquettes
LPG
sun and other energy
Diagram 2: Ratio heating of apartments not connected to boilers or district heating system
Apartments have also multiple sources of heating. Taking this information into account, we are presenting the results in the diagram below.
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heating oil wood and wood waste Natural gas
electricity coal and coal briquettes LPG
other sources sun energy
Diagram 3: Ratio of apartments heating with individual sources
From data: - Domplan d.d. on number of connected apartments on district heating and natural gas network and on common boilers for 2006, - Domplan d.d. on use of earth gas for heating households in 2006, - Data of Chimney sweep company Dovrtel on number of apartments using solid fuels, UNP and oil, - Statistical data on population for 2006, and apartments on 31.12.2005, - Survey of populaiton in the no natural gas area, - Structure of energents and average surface of the apartment We calculated a rough estimate of joint use of energy sources for households using energy for local, storey or central heating for an object. Results of calculations are presented in the table below.
Table 7: Estimated use of energy sources for heating apartments with organized local, storey or central heating in 2006 Sun Wood and energy Coal Heating oil Electricity Natural gas LPG wood waste and TOTAL (t) (l) (kWh) (m 3) (l) (m 3) others (kWh) Amount of energy 156 10.770 8.996.676 2.732.635 178.726 source Primary energy 906.507 20.116.157 90.963.453 1.212.846 24.396.000 742.585 670.363 139.008.457 (kWh)
3.2.2 Public buildings
Special attention was given to municipal buildings which are divided into three groups: schools and day care centers, sports and recreational objects, and other public objects. Other public objects are considered in a special group. For municipal buildings we gathered all the data, except where they are connected to district heating system and appropriate measures for use of energy sources per object were not done.
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3.2.2.1 Elementary schools and day care centres
Use of energy sources for heating and sanitary water preparation is provided by the energy source providers. 6 objects is connected to district heating system the others have their own boilers. 20 users are using heating oil, 5 natural gas; one building is using electricity for heating.
Table 8: Basic data on use of energy in elementary schools and day care centers of COK Heating Electricity Energy Data on the (kWh) Total Building Energy average number building unit Yearly (kWh) source (kWh) (kWh/m 2) average Elementary Kidričeva Natural school Franceta kWh 616.333,33 192.583,00 808.916,33 89,47 cesta 49, Kranj gas Prešerna Kranj District school Cesta na Brdo Franceta Prešerna HO kWh 203.860,33 45.930,00 249.790,33 123,85 45a, Kranj Kranj (Kokrica) Elementary Ulica 31. Natural school Simona divizije 7a, kWh 518.686,67 100.611,00 619.297,67 89,21 gas Jenka Kranj Kranj District school Simona Jenka Komenskega HO l 151.130,00 35.451,00 186.581,00 - Kranj (Center) - ulica 2, Kranj 1/2 obj. District school Zadružna ulica Simona Jenka HO l 213.273,33 41.155,00 254.428,33 105,95 11, Kranj Kranj (Primskovo) District school Srednja vas - Simona Jenka Goriče 1, HO l 118.263,33 19.671,50 137.934,83 119,34 Kranj (Goriče) Golnik District school Trstenik 39, Simona Jenka HO l 175.200,00 25.778,50 200.978,50 148,98 Golnik Kranj (Trstenik) Elementary Cesta 1. maja school Staneta HO kWh 531.918,67 76.727,00 608.645,67 125,90 10a, Kranj Žagarja Kranj Elementary Šolska ulica 2, school Stražišče HO m3 821.927,33 135.394,00 957.321,33 92,79 Kranj Kranj District school V Čepuljah 19, Stražišče Kranj HO l 172.790,00 - 172.790,00 175,60 Zg. Besnica (Zgornja Besnica) District school Podblica 3, Zg. Stražišče Kranj HO l 18.100,00 5.780,50 23.880,50 83,41 Besnica (Podblica) District school Žabnica 20, Stražišče Kranj HO l 119.660,00 22.906,50 142.566,50 169,73 Žabnica (Žabnica) Elementary Zasavska cesta Natural school Orehek m3 886.350,00 19.051,50 905.401,50 182,75 53 c, Kranj gas Kranj District school Orehek Kranj Mavčiče 61, HO l 86.583,33 9.240,00 95.823,33 100,10 (podružnica Mavčiče Mavčiče) Elementary Ulica Tuga District school Matije Vidmarja 1, kWh 504.340,00 104.777,50 609.117,50 74,03 heating Čopa Kranj Kranj
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Elementary Ulica Tončka District school Jakoba Dežman 1, kWh 650.058,00 37.157,50 687.215,50 99,78 heating Aljaža Kranj Kranj Elementary Predoslje 17a, school Predoslje HO kWh 601.377,67 24.755,00 626.132,67 93,83 Kranj Kranj Elementary Kidričeva Natural school Helene kWh 277.566,67 212.859,00 490.425,67 104,27 cesta 51, Kranj gas Puhar Kranj Cesta Staneta Daycares of Kranj Žagarja 19, HO l 102.963,33 11.072,50 114.035,83 366,42 – MANAGEMENT Kranj Ulica Nikole District Najdihojca kWh 316.490,00 141.920,00 458.410,00 141,54 Tesla 4, Kranj heating Ulica Nikole District Mojca kWh 393.440,00 83.083,50 476.523,50 209,83 Tesla 2, Kranj heating Smledniška Čirče cesta 136, - kWh - 6.338,00 6.338,00 - Kranj Benedikova Živ žav ulica 12a, HO l 243.816,67 20.700,50 264.517,17 323,36 Kranj Zgornje Bitnje Biba HO l 52.133,33 3.775,00 55.908,33 280,29 266, Žabnica Cesta 1. maja Sonček HO l 81.253,33 11.172,50 92.425,83 222,61 17, Kranj Čebelica – Planina 39, District - - 16.514,00 16.514,00 - Mavrica Kranj heating Oprešnikova Čenča HO l 112.540,00 9.228,00 121.768,00 413,75 4a, Kranj Cesta Kokrškega Kekec HO l 70.933,33 3.762,00 74.695,33 218,26 odreda 9, Kranj Cesta Staneta Čira čara Žagarja 6, HO l 140.613,33 15.718,00 156.331,33 284,64 Kranj Kebetova ulica Natural Janina m3 476.459,83 75.392,00 551.851,83 285,13 9, Kranj gas Golnik 67, District Ostržek - - 38.019,50 38.019,50 - Golnik heating Trstenik 8, Ježek Electricity - - 36.483,50 36.483,50 - Golnik
It has to be stressed that 8 objects is included in the project of Contractual provision of energy sayings. The diagram below shows effects of the project for all periods.
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Measures
Before measures
Diagram 4: Presentation of project results (energy numbers) of contractual provision of savings in COK
3.2.2.2 Sports objects
COK has 165 sports objects and areas in 48 locations, which also include schools. Public institution for sports manages 65 locations and areas. All together, COK has 805.061 m 2 of sports objects and areas, from which 27.285 m2 represents closed sports objects and 777.767 m 2 of open air sports surfaces 3.
From all objects the majority forms a part of elementary schools and their usage is included in the usage of the main building. The biggest of the sports buildings is Sports center Kranj, where there is a covered Olympic pool, open air swimming pool, athletic and soccer stadium with seatings, tennis court, sports areas, bowling alley and a playground for children. The use of energy in this complex is shown in the table below.
Table 9: Use of energy in the Covered Olympic pool and summer swimming pool Kranj Energy source Average yearly use Electricity 769.118 kWh HO 361.584 l 3.615.840 kWh
Complexes are included in the project of Contractual provision of energy savings and measures for achievement of savings, which is renewal of climate systems, refurbishment of boiler and upgrading of water filtration system, which brings 36% of savings in heating costs for pool water use.
3.2.2.3 Other Public Buildings
Other municipal buildings for which data was obtained, we also processed. These buildings are: Music School, Museum of Gorenjska region, Public fund of RS of cultural activities in Kranj, Castle Khieslstein. COK also has 21
3 source: http://www.zsport-kranj.si/
Page 24 od 76 SEAP CITY MUNICIPALITY OF KRANJ other public buildings. Users are various: the largest groups are High schools and Dormitories (Ministry of education).
3.2.3 Industrial and other larger business objects
In the area of COK there are various larger industrial buildings, especially in the city part of Kranj Labore, but they are also located in the area of Mestni Log and Planina. The following businesses are located in Kranj: Aquasava, ltd., Iskra OTC, ltd., Iskra Vzdrževanje, d.d., Iskraemeco, d.d., Sava Tires ltd., Savatech ltd., Zvezda, textile factory d.d., Goodyear Engineered Products Europe ltd., Dinos Kranj, ltd. and other companies. Major business service companies (shopping malls) are located in outskirts of Kranj in the area of Planina suburb. Smaller production zones are present in other areas on the outskirts and in surroundings on the north side.
All 69 companies were asked to participate in the survey. Only a small number responded (15) and Golnik Hospital. The main conclusion from the answers is that major companies pay more attention to use of energy. All major companies have a designated contact for monitoring usage of energy and performing upgrades-measures to decrease costs. All these companies have prepared plans for the following periods. One of the focuses is usage of waste water from industrial processes. Three companies that participated in the survey (Iskra, Sava and IBI) plan to set up co-production of water and electricity on their premises, with the objective of providing heating to the adjacent buildings. Data on use of energy in processing sectors and construction was obtained from the Slovenian Statistical office. They do not gather data for other sectors. Due to data confidentiality, Statistical office of the Republic of Slovenia only sent synthesis data on use of energy in COK, and not for individual companies.
Table 10: Use of energy in processing sectors and construction for COK in 2006 Year Energy source 2006 01010 Electrical energy(MWh) 221.531 02060 Wood and wood waste (t) 2.032 03040 Diesel fuel (for machines)(t) 1.854 03050 Heating oil (t) 1.231 04010 Natural gas (1000 Sm 3) 30.367 04020 LPG (propane, butane) (t) 101 05010 Heat energy (provided hot water, steam) (GJ) 281.727 source: SURS, mr. Jože Zalar via email
3.2.4 Transport
3.2.4.1 Public transport
Public transport in COK is organized based on Decree on organization and implementation of public transport, adopted by City council of City municipality of Kranj, on session 28, 14.11.2001. Alpetour d.d. had a concession for operating public transport in the contract in 2002 and until September 2013. Alpetour –travel agency d.d. remains the Concessionary. The seat of the company is in Kranj, at Mirka Vadnova 8 address, where the maintenance shop and garage for busses is located.
There are 10 bus routes in public transport that is connecting the suburbs and settlements of Kranj with the rail station and the city center. The transport is organized throughout the year. In the morning and mid-day rush hours, the schedules are adjusted for employees, students and pupils. During those periods, most lines operate with half an hour interval. Outside of high frequency traffic, the busses run every hour.
The vehicle fleet for implementation of public transport in COK includes 12 vehicles. The average consumption of fuel per 100 km is 32, 39 liters. Two hybrid vehicles Mercedes Sprinter adjusted for transport of passengers, which are fuel efficient, are part of the fleet. The average use of busses without vans is 37, 60/100 km.
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Table 11: Average usage of fuel for public transport vehicles Typ e of vehicle Number of vehicles Use per 100 km Small busses – Sprinter 2 13,40 l / 100 km Big busses 10 37,60 l / 100 km Average all busses public transport 12 32,39 l / 100 km Kranj
For city transport needs, yearly about 488.000 of fuels is used.
In 2010, 757.103 passengers used public transport. On average, 2074 passengers a day used public transport. For needs of transport, 0, 64 liters of fuel is used per passenger. As estimate shows, the percentage of passengers in public transport is less than 5%, which is significantly below desired levels.
r e g n e s s a p
Line number
Diagram 5: Yearly data on number of transported passengers for 2010
3.2.4.2 Vehicles owned by COK
Table 12: Use of energy source in COK in 2006 Average use /100 Number of km 2 Usage of fuel Type of vehicle Source of energy km 1 driven (2006 in l) Renault Scenic 1.6 Gas 8,5 10.000 850 Renault Kangoo 1.2 Gas 7,5 7.000 525 Authenique Land Rover Discovery 2,5 TD5 Diesel 12 5.000 600 VW Golf Plus trendline 1 .6 Gas 7 7.000 490 Renault Kangoo Express KFe Gas 7,5 7.000 525 Confort 1.2 Jeep Cheroke e Grand 3.0 Gas 12 5.000 600 Renault Clio II 1,2 Gas 7 10.000 700 Renault Espace Gas 9,5 7.000 665 Renault Scenic 1.6 Gas 8,5 10.000 850 1 average use from tests 2 estimate on driven km source: MOK
3.2.5 Use of electric energy
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In the COK area there are clients for the following tariff groups: - Household clients I. level (up to 3 kW), - Household clients II. level (up to 7 kW), - Household clients III. level (do 10 kW), - Public lighting, - Consumption on 1st tariff – 35 kV Level, - Consumption on 1st tariff – 35 kV II. level, - Consumption on 1 st tariff - 35 kV – 3 tariff, - Other consumption 0,4 kV I.st level, - Other consumption 0, 4 kV II.nd Level.
Number of clients by tariff groups in the period from 2006 to 2010, is presented in the table below. Number of clients is increasing throughout the years.
Table 13: Number of clients by tariff groups in the COK in the period of 2006-2010 Other Other Consumpt Househo Househol Househol Public Consumptio Consumptio consumptio consumptio ion on 1- Year ld clients d clients d clients lightin n on 1-35 n on 1-35 Total n 0,4 kV I n 0,4 kV II 35 kV 3- I level II level III level g kV I level kV II level level level tariff 2006 438 12.380 5.887 205 19 9 281 1.922 1 21.142 2007 439 12.688 5.901 207 19 10 295 1.993 1 21.553 2008 439 12.977 5.915 210 23 11 320 2.075 1 21.971 2009 439 13.243 5.926 213 23 11 328 2.145 1 22.329 2010 439 13.573 5.942 213 24 11 338 2.187 1 22.728 source: Elektro Gorenjska d.d.
Joint yearly usage of energy by years is shown in the chart below. In the last period the most energy was used in 2006, 366,8 GWh.
Diagram 6: Yearly usage of electrical energy in COK in MWh
Table 14: Use of electrical energy (MWh) by tariff groups Tariff groups 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Household clients I level 824,6 791,6 819,8 819,2 824,0 Household clients I level 44.765,90 44.764,90 47.152,10 47.052, 90 47.505,30 Household clients I level 33.475,80 32.723,90 34.066,50 33.521,70 33.762,80 Public lighting 3.352,50 3.463,80 3.229,30 3.288,10 2.845,00 Consumption on 1-35 kV I. level 193.583,30 188.762,10 170.759,90 127.295,30 141.689,60
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Consumption on 1-35 kV II. level 9.114,50 9.620,90 12.484,80 16.075,50 16.230,50 Consumption on 1-35 kV – 3 tariff 15.290,00 15.622,40 14.703,30 12.017,00 13.165,80 Other consumption I. level 43.941,80 46.713,00 51.725,50 50.446,20 51.476,30 Other consumption II. le vel 22.446,10 23.543,40 24.114,50 23.724,40 24.266,80 TOTAL 366.794,50 366.006,00 359.055,70 314.240.30 331.766,10 source: Elektro Gorenjska d.d.
3.2.6 Public lighting
Adesco ltd prepared Strategy of adjustment for public lighting to demands of regulation on border values of light pollution for City municipality of Kranj in October 2010.
Public lighting infrastructure is spread throughout the COK. Public lighting is more condensed around main parts of the municipality. It is not used for lighting parts of main roads, local roads and scarcely populated settlements.
Table 15: Summary of public lighting in COK Lights Number of lights in accordance with the regulation : 1.501 pcs Number of lights not in accordance with the Regula tion : 4.212 pcs Number of reflectors : 62 pcs Number of all lights : 5.775 pcs Total power of lights : 781 kW Pillars : Number of metal pillars : 4.495 pcs Number of wooden pillars : 212 pcs Number of concrete -stone pillars : 38 pcs Number of PVC pillars : 577 pcs Number of consoles: 138 pcs Number of other adjusting places : 81 pcs Number of all pillars 5.541 pcs
Energy consumption was calculated based on presumption of yearly usage of system on 4.000 hours of operation. Calculation uses reductions of power as stated in public lighting cadastre. The calculated yearly use of electrical energy is therefore 2.777.721 kWh.
Strategy elaborates in detail on operating costs simulation, maintenance and investments in public infrastructure for the next 20 years. All public lighting in COK is included in the analysis, therefore also lighting already in accordance with the Regulation. This lighting is analyzed with the reason of comprehensive costs of public lighting in the municipality.
In searching for equivalents of existing lighting and implementation of new technologies, we paid special attention to: - Decrease in current consumption of electrical energy, - Improvement in lighting on roads,etc. - limiting glaring and improvement of road safety, - using lighting sources with appropriate color temperature, - complying with the Regulation on border values of light pollution, - taking into account traffic-technical classification of roads, etc.
Four possible measures are taken into account during the analysis phase. Calculations show that the second option is the most appropriate: 1. Option: switching to lights with high light-technical efficiency,
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2. Option: switching to lights with high light-technical efficiency with the possibility of reduction of individual lights, 3. Option: switching to lights with high light-technical efficiency with partial reduction of partial replacement with LED lights, 4. Option: switching to lights with high light-technical efficiency with management system and partial replacement with LED lights.
Based on the most appropriate option and existing state the action plan was prepared, which foresees replacement of public lighting and accordance with the Regulation by 2012. In COK case, the option is proposed based on energy efficiency of lights and year of setup of lighting. That means, that lights that are not energy efficient and are of older date, will be replaced in the shorter time possible.
Replacement of public lighting lamps in 2012 All together the number of lights in COK is approximately 5800 pieces. The number of lights already in accordance with Regulation on light pollution is 1800 pieces. The estimated number of lights to be replaced in 2012 is 1500 pieces, which means that by the end of 2012 there should be 3300 pieces of lights in accordance with Regulation on light pollution.
Replacement of public lighting lamps after 2013 The remaining lights are mainly type AXIAL 36 W, which are partially not in accordance with the regulation and are forecasted to be replaced in a long term period. The number of lights is 2010. As they are younger than 10 years and with the lifetime of bulbs approximately 5 years, it does not make sense economically to replace them in a short period of time. These are energy saving bulbs and were installed before the Regulation was adopted. The remaining lights (510) are specific (old Kranj bulb, various lanterns, old looking lights and garage lights) and are currently not forecasted to be replaced.
3.2.7 Joint consumption of energy in COK
The table below shows consumption of energy and air filtering in COK based on available data, without the electrical energy data used in chapter “Use of electrical energy, traffic and public lighting”.
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Table 16: Use of energy for heating and air filtering Wood and Sun energy Coal Heating oil Electricity Natural gas LPG wood waste and other TOTAL (t) (l) (kWh) (m 3) (l) (m 3) (kWh) Residencies with arranged local, storey or central heating Amount of the 156 10.770 8.996.676 2.732.635 178.726 energy source Primary energy 906.507 20.116.157 90.963.453 1.212.846 24.396.000 742.585 670.363 139.008.457 (kWh) Survey of boilers, including sources of district heating systems Amount of the 3.290.872,67 13.018.184 20.343 enegy source Primary energy 32.908.727 123.672.746 132.230 156.713.703 (kWh) Industry or larger users, not connected to boilers based on surveys Amount of the 862 69.961 27.253.763 energy source Primary energy 118.069 699.610 258.910.749 259.728.427 (kWh) EN ERGY SOURCES 1.018 10.770 12.357.510 43.004.582 199.069 TOGETHER TOTAL KWH 1.024.576 20.116.157 124.571.790 1.212.846 406.979.495 875.087 670.636 555.450.587
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3.3 Energy supply
3.3.1 Supply of heating
District heating was introduced to Kranj in 1971 when Planina boiler began with operations, and hot waterworks system was used to supply the adjacent buildings. There were some other boilers built in the city to provide central supply of heating energy. Boilers used residual fuel oil or heating oil as a fuel.
With construction of district gas system for industrial users, individual users also had the option of using natural gas for heating after 1990. Planina boiler was the first to start using natural gas, after that most of the other boilers started using it, of course where technical characteristic permits.
3.3.1.1 Planina area
The largest area using district heating system is the Planina area. The system is managed by Domplan d.d. company. The first steps of system upgrading took place in 2006, where stations had heat gauges put in place. With measuring the exact usage of heat by heating stations commenced on 1.1.2007. By the end of 2010 the last phase of reconstruction of outdated equipment began as well as replacement of outdated electronic regulation system.
The first phase, reconstruction of all heating stations began in September 2010 and completed by March 2011. The second phase, reconstruction of the boiler began in the second half of 2011. The rehabilitation of the boiler will result in three boilers installed as well as two cogeneration devices with joint connecting power of 37,2 MW: - Boiler 1– heat system VW Term Maribor with rated power 7 MW – 2011, - Boiler 2 – heat system VW Term Maribor with rated power 10 MW – 2011, - Boiler 3 – hot water EMO TW 15000 with rated power 15 MW – 1990, - SPTE 1 – cogeneration engine Qth:1,2 MW and Pel: 999 kW – 2011, - SPTE 2 – cogeneration engine Qth:3-4 MW and Pel: 3-4 MW – 2011.
Older boiler used combination fuels of natural gas, residual fuel and heating oil. With reconstruction, the usage of residual fuel was discontinued. Natural gas remains as the primary fuel, and heating oil remains as the alternative source in case of disruption of supply of natural gas.
heating season
Diagram 7: Display of manufacturing of heat in Planina boiler by heating season
The trend of decrease in usage of fuel is obvious; this is a consequence of the following facts: - Measuring of actual use of energy by buildings and splitters- this stimulated more rational behavior by users, - Renewal of facades in individual buildings,
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- Reconstruction of heating stations and installation of modern electronic regulation systems, which lower the temperature of returns, and therefore losses in the system.
The use of natural gas in 2006 in Planina boiler was 7.117.602 Sm 3 (information obtained from Mr.Vlado Ahcin, Domplan d.d., via email).
3.3.1.2 Vodovodni stolp area
Boiler: - 3 boilers with rated power of 8.350 kW, - Fuel: natural gas.
Network length: 1.257 m.
In vast majority the process of connecting to district heating system is completed. All buildings have their own boilers. During the upcoming years the system will be maintained and reconstructed when needed.
The usage of natural gas in 2006 was 909.660 Sm 3 (information obtained by Mr. Vlado Ahcin, Domplan d.d., via email).
3.3.1.3 Merkur area
The second area where district heating system was constructed, was the area of Merkur boiler.It is named after the original owner, in 2006 the ENSA company took over the boiler.
In 1994, the boiler was reconstructed and connected to natural gas district heating system.
Boiler: - Steam boilers with joined power of 8 MW, - Fuel: natural gas.
Network length: 1.600 m.
Table 17: Use of fuel in Merkur boiler Use of natural gas Use of natural gas in Use of natural gas in Average use of Use of primary in 2004 2005 2006 natural gas in energy (Sm 3) (Sm 3) (Sm 3) (Sm 3) (kWh) 739.506,00 701.545,00 614.361,00 685.137,00 6.851.370
The owner and operator of the boiler, ENSA company planned to totally reconstruct the boiler in 2009, however the reconstruction on wood biomass did not occur yet.
In 2009 it was planned to supply heat to the following buildings: - Area of Gregorčičeva Street 8, - COK building, - Ministry of internal affairs building, - Former SDK building.
Other buildings are supposedly using own boilers.
3.3.2 Use of electric energy
3.3.2.1 Network
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COK area is being powered from three transformer station distributers (TSD). TSD 110/20 kV Zlato Polje is located on the west side of Kranj-; TSD 110/20 kV Primskovo on the east side and on the southwest side the TSD 110/20 kV Labore is located. All TSD are powered from TSD 400/110 kV Okroglo through high powered (HP) 110 kV transmission line loop, which is surrounding the city. TSD RTP 110/20 kV Labore is also being connected by one system of 110 kV power line TSD HE Mavčiče – TSD 400/110 kV Okroglo. The supply area of the listed TSDs is large and is extending over the boundaries of COK and is also covering neighbouring municipalities. This also means that the boundaries of medium voltage area do not correspond to the municipal boundaries.
The area of COK is considered to be densely populated, which is an explanation for relative high usage of electrical energy. However there are several large industrial businesses in the municipality, and they are considered a large user of electrical energy. Due to high density of usage of electrical energy the number of transformer stations is large (TS) 20/04 kV and of higher powers. The majority of medium voltage network is buried underground, and the power line network is prevalently outside of the urban areas. In recent years there were no construction of medium voltage network going on, and the majority of the power line medium voltage network is being moved underground. The joined length of the high voltage and medium voltage network in the area of COK is 307km. By type of connectivity the lengths are: - Above ground overhead lines– 162 km (52, 8%), - Above ground lines with partially isolated conductors– 16 km (5, 2%), - Underground cable lines – 129 km (42, 0%).
Elektro Gorenjska distribution company is using 259 transformer stations for transforming 20/0, 4 kV of energy on the described area. The number of transformer stations by the installed power is listed in the table below.
Table 18: Number of transformer stations by installed power Transformer station Number of power [kVA] transformer stations > 1000 19 1000 20 630 62 400 49 250 36 160 27 100 25 50 21 TOTAL 259
3.3.2.2 Production of electrical energy
In the area of COK, the distribution network of Elektro Gorenjska is using some diffused sources (DS). The following types of DS are present:
- Solar power plants (SPP), - Small hydro electrical plants (SHE), - Communal electricity (CE) and - Industrial electricity (IE).
Table 19: Number of DS included in the distribution network of Elektro Gorenjska d.d. in COK area RV/ year 2007 2008 2009 2010 SPP 4 10 11 31 SHE 3 8 8 8 CE 0 1 1 1 IE 0 0 1 3 TOTAL 7 19 21 43
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By the end of 2010, the installed power of DS included in the distribution area of Elektro Gorenjska in COK is 5 MW. Joint yearly production from these sources is 18, 5 GWh. In COK the diffused sources produce 5, 6% of the consumed electrical energy in the area.
Table 20: Yearly production of DS used in the electrical network of the Elektro Gorenjska in the area of City municipality of Kranj in RV/ year 2007 2008 2009 2010 SPP 112 319 247 331 SHE 642 13.004 16.497 16.215 CE 0 176 311 332 IE 0 0 51 1.615 TOTAL 754 13.499 17.105 18.493
Diagram 8: Yearly production of DS included in the distribution network of Elektro Gorenjska d.d. in COK area
electricity produced
share of
Diagram 9: Yearly production of DS included in the Elektro Gorenjska d.d. distribution area in the COK area (percentages)
3.3.3 Supply with natural gas
Gasification of Kranj only included industrial buildings at first. With construction of measuring-regulative station (MRS) Kranj I Sava and Iskra factories were connected to the district heating system. The respective MRS was intended for consumers in the city, Sava valley and in Naklo. In 1984 MRS Kranj II was constructed and intended for consumers on the right bank of Sava river. Both stations are connected to branch P291, connected to the main lane of the pipeline network R29, going from Vodice to Jesenice. Gasification became more developed after 1989. That is when east and west lane of 6 bar pipeline was constructed, and Planina boiler as well as larger industrial consumers was connected to it.
Domplan d.d. Kranj is building pipelines for end consumers in COK since 1991. During this time pipeline for local communities Vodovodni stolp, Zlato polje, Struževo and partially Center (right bank of Kokra and part of the city
Page 34 od 76 SEAP CITY MUNICIPALITY OF KRANJ core), Planina, Primskovo, Stražišče, Pot v Bitnje, Orehek, Drulovka, Britof, Predoslje and Orehovlje was constructed. The graph below shows the development of pipeline for end users. The number of constructed gas connection points and the number of connecting points actually used by end consumers is shown.
3
Sm
gas in
numberof connectingpoint the quantity of natural
Yearly usage of gas Number of connecting p oints
Diagram 10: Construction of connecting points and actual usage of natural gas
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4 BASELINE EMISSION INVENTORY
The most important pre-condition for preparation of action plan for sustainable energy is the baseline emissions inventory. In accordance with the Covenant of Mayors the baseline emissions inventory and the SEAP have to be based on the complete use of energy.
4.1 Baseline year
As the Manual for preparation of SEAP states, the recommended baseline year is 1990. However if the local authority lacks quality data to prepare inventory for 1990, it can at its own discretion use a year for which the most reliable data can be gathered, and is as close as possible to 1990.
Considering that COK already has a Local Energy Concept prepared (Local energy concept of COK, march 2008, El- tec Mulej ltd, Local energy concept of COK-revised, December 2011, Local energy agency of Gorenjska region) which gathered data for 2006, we chose to use 2006 as the baseline year , in order to avoid duplicating of data gathering.
4.2 Emission factors
Baseline emission inventory has to be based on the final energy consumption in the area covered by local authority, as well as on emission factors, defining final amount of emissions per unit.
While choosing emission factors two different approaches can be chosen: 1. Using standard emission factors in accordance with principles defined by intergovernmental committee for
climate changes, where all CO 2 emissions caused by usage of energy in the area of local authority are taken into account either directly by burning of fuels in the local community or by indirect burning of fuels due to usage of electrical energy and heating/cooling at the local community area. This approach is based, as with the national inventory of greenhouse gas emissions prepared on the Framework Convention of the UN on climate changes and Kyoto protocol, on substance of carbon in the fuel. With this approach the emissions of
CO 2, caused by use of energy from renewable sources of energy and emissions produced by using green energy, for which certificates of origin are issued equal zero. As CO 2 is the most important greenhouse gas, the substance of CH 4 and N2O should not be calculated. Local authority choosing this approach lists CO 2 emissions in tones. 2. Using LCA factors (Life Cycle Assessment) with which the total life cycle of an energy source is taken into account. This approach does not use solely emissions caused by final combustion, but also emissions caused
by supply chain, produced outside of the area. With this approach the CO 2 emissions caused by using renewable sources of energy and emissions caused by using green energy for which certificates of origins are
used are larger than 0. Furthermore apart from CO 2 other greenhouse gasses play an important role. Therefore local authority can use equivalents of CO2 if the LCA factors are chosen. If this methodology/tool is chosen, and only CO 2 emissions are listed, that can be listed as equivalents in tones.
The table below shows strengths of both approaches.
Table 21: Comparison of standard and LCA emission factors Standard LCA Strength emission emission factors factors In accordance with national reporting to the Framework Convention on Climate x changes In accordance with monitoring EU 20 -20 -20 goal x In accordance with carbon footprint principles x
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In accordance with Ecodesign Di rective (2005/32/EC) Ecolabel Regulation x All necessary emission factors easily accessible x Reflecting total impact on environment even outside the area of use x Accessible tools for local inventory x x Source: SEAP manual
Due to easier access of data Standard emissions factors were used, above all due to easier accessibility. We also used the default emission factors, listed in SEAP manual.
Standard emission factors for energy sources
Standard emission factors, following IPCC principles are based on the substance of Carbon in the fuel. Putting it in a more simplified word, we are presenting emission factors, which assume all Carbon in fuels makes CO 2. However in reality, only a smaller portion of Carbon (usually less than 1%) is also part of other compounds, as for example Car bon monoxide (CO). The majority of this Carbon only oxidizes in the atmosphere.
Table 22: Standard emission factors for calculation of CO 2 while using energy sources Standard emission factor Type (t CO 2/MWh) Petrol 0,249 Gas oil, diese l 0,267 Heating oil 0,279 Lignit e 0,364 Coal 0,341 Natural gas 0,202 LNG -liquefied natural gas 0,227 Wood 0 Sun 0 Water 0 Source: SEAP Manual
Standard emission factor for electrical energy
We chose national emission factor for Slovenia, listed in the SEAP manual.
Table 23: Standard emission factor for CO 2 calculation while using electrical energy Standard emission factor Country (t CO 2/MWh) Slovenia 0,557 Source: SEAP Manual
4.3 Final consumption of energy
In this chapter we are listing the relevant data on final use of energy, the quantity of electrical energy, the quantity of heating/cooling energy, the amount of fossile fuels, and the amount of energy from renewable sources of energy used by final consumers.
The final use of energy is divided by energy products, used by end users on the area of COK: - Electrical energy is defined as total quantity of electrical energy used by end consumers, regardless of the production source. - Heating/cooling is meant as heating/cooling provided as an energy product in the area of municipality to end users (for example from local district heating/cooling system, cogeneration devices or devices for reuse of waste warmth. Heating produced by end users themselves, does not need to be included.
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- Fossile fuels are defined as all fuels used by end users as energy source. Fossile fuels bought for end users for heating spaces, heating sanitary water and cooking, as well as fuels used for transport or in industrial combustion processes are used. - Renewable energy sources: includes vegetable oil, biofuels, other fuels (for example wood), solar and geothermal energy, used by end users are a product.
In order to calculate the quantity of energy sources in the quantity of energy we used the listed values for calorific value of energy sources.
Table 24: Calorific values of energy sources Calorific Energy source Unit value (kWh) Heating oil (HO) l 10,1 Natural gas m3 9,5 l 6,9 LPG kg 12,8 Brown coal kg 3,9 kg 4,2 Wood prm* 1750 kg 11,73 Diesel l 10,1 kg 11,86 Petrol l 8,9 *”Spatial meter/ cubic meter
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4.3.1 Municipal buildings, equipment/facilities
Municipal buildings such as elementary schools, day care centers, sports buildings and some other buildings owned by municipalities are listed in chapter. For these buildings the data was gathered in Local energy plan, or subsequently. The following buildings are included: - schools: ES Franceta Prešerna Kranj - day care centers: Daycares of Kranj – MANAGEMENT DS Franceta Prešerna Kranj (Kokrica) Najdihojca ES Simona Jenka Kranj Mojca DS Simona Jenka Kranj (Center) - 1/2 building Čirče DS Simona Jenka Kranj (Primskovo) Živ žav DS Simona Jenka Kranj (Goriče) Biba DS Simona Jenka Kranj (Trstenik) Sonček ES Staneta Žagarja Kranj Čebelica – Mavrica ES Stražišče Kranj Čenča DS Stražišče Kranj (Zgornja Besnica) Kekec DS Stražišče Kranj (Podblica) Čira čara DS Stražišče Kranj (Žabnica) Janina ES Orehek Kranj Ostržek DS Orehek Kranj (district school Mavčiče) Ježek ES Matije Čopa Kranj - other owned buildings Prešernovo gledališče Kranj-theater ES Jakoba Aljaža Kranj JSKD ES Predoslje Kranj Gasilsko reševalna služba-fire services ES Helene Puhar Kranj Gorenjske lekarne-pharamcy - sports objects: City stadium Kranj Zavod za turizem-Public tourism institution Olympic pool Library Planina hall
Table 25: End use of energy in municipal buildings Heating/cooling Fossile fuels Electrical District heating- energy Natural gas Natural gas Heating oil Heating oil natural gas (MWh) (kWh) (m3) (kWh) (l) (kWh) 2.725.850 1.586.100 282.319 1.551.655 613.774 Municipal buildings Conversion in kWh (quantity of energy source * calorific value of the energy source) 2.725.850 1.586.100 2.682.031 1.551.655 6.199.117 3.351 Conversion into MWh 1.586 2.682 1.552 6.199 2.726 4.268 7.751 Source of Annex1 Annex 1 Annex 1
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4.3.2 Tertiary buildings, equipment/facilities
All buildings of the tertiary sector-services should be included in this chapter, as longs as they are not owned or managed by COK (for example offices of private companies, banks, commercial activities, shops, hospitals…). As this chapter is not included in LEC of Kranj, and due to the fact that data is not easily obtainable we have not included this chapter in the SEAP.
4.3.3 Residential buildings
In this chapter we included residential buildings. Data for synthesis of final use of energy in residential buildings is gathered from Tables 5, 6, 13 of this document.
Table 26: Final use of energy in the residential buildings Renewable resources Heating/cooling Fossile fuels Electrical energy energy(MWh) District heating-natural gas Natural gas** LPG** Heating oil ** coal Other biomass-wood (m 3) (m 3) (l) (l) (kg) (m 3) Residential 8.771.229 3.714.634 199.069 9.648.007 156.000 10.770 buildings Conversion in kWh (quantity of energy source* calorific value of the energy source) 79.066 83.326.676 35.289.023 1.373.576 97.444.871 608.400 18.847.500 Conversion in MWh 83.327 35.289 1.374 97.445 608 18.848 Source of Table 13 Table 5 Tables 5 and 6 data: * included district heating through Planina and Vodovodni stolp systems ** Other boilers included in individual sources of energy
4.3.4 Public lighting
Public lighting owned and managed by COK is included. The data used for preparation of synthesis of the end use of energy for municipal public lighting is used from table 13.
Table 27: End use of energy for municipal public lighting Electrical energy Public lighting (MWh)
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3.353 Source of data: Table 13
4.3.5 Industries
Companies registered for processing and construction activities are included in this chapter, if data on their activities was obtainable from the Statistical office of the Republic of Slovenia.
Table 28: End use of energy for processing and construction activities Heating/cooling Fossil fuels Renewable resources energy Electrical District heating - Natural gas Heating oil LPG Diesel Other biomass-wood energy(MWh) natural gas Industries - (m3) (l) (kg) (kg) (kg) processing (MWh) activities 78.257 30.367.000 1.107.900 101.000 1.854.000 2.032.000 and Conversion in kWh (quantity of energy source* calorific values of energy sources) construction 221.531 / 288.486.500 11.189.790 1.292.800 21.747.420 8.534.400 Conversion in MWh 78.257 288.487 11.190 1.293 21.747 8.534 Source of Table 9 data:
4.3.6 Municipal fleet
Vehicles owned by COK are included in this chapter, if they are used for needs of municipal administration.
Table 29: End use of energy for municipal vehicle fleet Fossile fuels petrol (l) diesel (l) 5.205 600 Municipal fleet Conversion in kWh (quantity of energy source* calorific values of energy sources) 46.325 6.060 Conversion in MWh 46 6 Source of data: Table 11
Page 41 od 76 SEAP CITY MUNICIPALITY OF KRANJ 4.3.7 Public transport
In this chapter, we included public bus transport, in accordance with chapter 3.2.4.1 of this document.
Table 30: End use of energy from public transport Fossile fuels petrol (l) 488.000 Conversion in kWh (quantity of energy source* calo rific values of energy Public transport sources) 4.343.200 Conversion in MWh 4.343 Source of data: Chapter 3.2.4.1
4.3.8 Private and commercial transport
This chapter should include all road, railroad traffic in COK area, which is not included in municipal vehicle fleet or public transport traffic. However as this chapter is not included in the LEC and due to more difficult obtainability of data, the chapter is not included in SEAP.
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4.3.9 Final energy consumption
Table 31: Final energy consumption FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION [MWh]
Fossil Fuels Renewable energies
Category Other Electricity Heat cold Natural Liquid Heating Lignit Other Solar Total Diesel Gasoline Coal fossil Plant oil Biofuel Geothermal gas gas oil e biomass thermal fuels
BUILDINGS, EQUIPMENT / FACILITIES & INDUSTRIES Municipal buildings, 3.351 2.726 4.268 7.751 18.096 equipment/facilities Tertiary (non municipal) buildings, 0 equipment/facilities Residential bui ldings 79.066 83.327 35.289 1.374 97.445 608 18.848 315.957
Public lighting 3.353 3.353 Industries (excluding industries involved in the 221.531 78.257 288.487 1.293 11.190 21.747 8.534 631.039 EU Emission trading scheme - ETS) Subtotal 307.301 164.310 328.044 2.667 116.386 21.747 0 0 608 0 0 0 27.382 0 0 968.445
TRANSPORT
Municipal fleet 6 46 52 Public transport 4.343 4.343 Private and commercial 0 transport Subtotal 0 0 0 0 0 6 4.389 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.395
TOTAL 307.301 164.310 328.044 2.667 116.386 21.753 4.389 0 608 0 0 0 27.382 0 0 972.840
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4.4 CO 2 Emissions
The table below summarizes greenhouse emissions emitted in the atmosphere due to used energy in the local community.
Table 32: CO 2 Emissions
CO 2 emissions [t]/ CO 2 equivalent emissions [t]
Fossil Fuels Renewable energies
Category Other Electricity Heat cold Natural Liquid Heating Gasolin Lignit Other Solar Total Diesel Coal fossil Plant oil Biofuel Geothermal gas gas oil e e biomass thermal fuels
BUILDINGS, EQUIPMENT / FACILITIES & INDUSTRIES Municipal buildings, 1.867 551 862 2.163 5.442 equipment/facilities Tertiary (non municipal) buildings, 0 equipment/facilities Residential buildings 44.040 16.832 7.128 312 27.187 207 0 95.707
Public lighting 1.868 1.868 Industries (excluding industries involved in the 123.393 15.808 58.274 294 3.122 5.806 0 206.697 EU Emission trading scheme - ETS) Subtotal 171.167 33.191 66.265 605 32.472 5.806 0 0 207 0 0 0 0 0 0 309.713
TRANSPORT
Municip al fleet 2 11 13 Public transport 1.081 1.081 Private and commercial 0 transport TOTAL 0 0 0 0 0 2 1.093 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.094
OTHER: Waste management Waste management
List other emissions
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TOTAL 171.167 33.191 66.265 605 32.472 5.806 1.093 0 207 0 0 0 0 0 0 310.808
Corresponding CO 2- emission factors in 0,557 0,202 0,202 0,227 0,279 0,267 0,249 0,364 0,341 0
[t/MWh]
CO 2 emission factor for
electricity not produced locally [t/MWh]
4.5 Local electricity production and corresponding CO 2 emissions
As a priority, the Covenant of Mayors stipulated the decrease in end use of energy. However , decrease in green house gas emissions from the supply chain can be taken into account. COK decided to use local production of electrical energy into SEAP. Included here is the production of electrical energy from solar energy by solar panels and hydro energy by hydropower plants. Data is obtained from Elektro Gorenjska d.d. (table 19).
Energy carrier input [MWh] Corresponding
Locally generated CO 2 emissions CO 2-emission Fossil Fuels electricity (excluding ETS Locally generated [t]/ CO 2 factors for plants, and all plants/units electricity [MWh] equivalent electricity > 20 MW) Other Other emissions [t] production in Natural Heating Steam Waste Plant oil Other Liquid gas Lignite Coal biomass renewable [t/MWh] gas oil
Wind power Hydroelectric power 642 0 0
Photovoltaic 112 0 0 Combined Heat and Power Other Please specify : ______
TOTAL 754 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4.6 Local heat/cold production and corresponding CO 2 emissions
The table below lists CO 2 emissions produced by heating/cooling in district heating system of Planina and Vodovodni stolp. Data is obtained from the manager Domplan d.d. (chapter 3.3.1.1 in 3.3.1.2).
Page 45 od 76 SEAP CITY MUNICIPALITY OF KRANJ In 2006 there was the following use of natural gas: - In Planina boiler 7.117.602 Sm 3, - In Vodovodni stolp boiler 909.660 Sm 3.
Conversion in MWh: Fossile fuels Natural gas (m 3) 8.027.262 Conversion in kWh ( quantity of en ergy source * calorific values of energy sources) 76.258.989 Conversion in MWh 76.259 Source of data: chapter 3.3.1.1, 3.3.1.2
Energy carrier input [MWh]
CO 2 emissions Corresponding CO 2- Locally generated [t]/ CO emission factors for Locally generated heat/cold Fossil Fuels 2 heat/cold [MWh] equivalent heat/cold production Other Other emissions [t] in [t/MWh] Natural Heating Waste Plant oil Other Liquid gas Lignite Coal biomass renewable gas oil
Combined Heat and Power District Heating plant(s) 76.259 15.404,318 0,202
Other Please specify : ______TOTAL 0 76.259 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15.404,318
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The fact that more than 50% of all greenhouse gas emissions is produced in cities and there surroundings, is well known. However, it is also estimated that about 80% of population of EU lives in cities. Therefore, we can conclude that the role of Local Authorities is extremely important in order to minimize climate changes and protect environments on the local, national and global level. The listing of reference emissions of COK for 2006 includes direct (fuel combustion) and indirect (use of electrical energy) CO 2 emissions from three sectors: municipal buildings, residential buildings, industrial activities (apart from the industrial activities included in ETS), municipal vehicle fleet.
The value of CO2 emissions was increasing in 2006 and amounted to 310.808 tCO 2. Emissions of industrial activities are 206.697 tCO 2. Due to the fact that COK does not have direct influence on decreasing emissions in industrial activities, we estimated the 20% decrease by excluding the industrial activities. A starting point for decrease in emissions is therefore 104.112 tCO 2.
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5 OVERALL STRATEGY
5.1 Overall objectives related to decrease of CO 2 emissions
5.1.1 Approach to lowering emissions
The approach to lowering emissions includes five steps listed in the picture below. The first step is the calculation of baseline emissions. Next steps is about defining an objective to be attained, and based on those objectives a list of measures for emissions decrease is defined. After the implementation of the program, the emissions are measured and reported on, as this is the only manner to assess the efficiency of proposed and implemented measures. 1. Step Calculation of emissions
2. Step definition of low carbon objective
3. Step preparation of local emission lowering programme
4. Step implementaiton of the programme
5. Step monitoring and reporting Picture 3: Approach to lowering emissions
Previous chapters included calculations of emissions. In the following chapters we are presenting the low carbon objective and the prepared measures, which will enable the objective to be attained.
5.1.2 Overall objective
The overall objective of the City of Kranj is to decrease CO 2 emissions by 21 % in 2020. The objective of the decrease is defined as an absolute value (percentage of quality of CO 2 calculated at the starting year 2006).
5.2 Long-term vision of the City Municipality of Kranj
The priority areas of COK are municipal buildings, public lighting and public transportation. The largest decrease by area of priority is expected within municipal buildings.
The main trend in CO 2 emissions represents the area of Industrial activities, however COK does not have a direct influence on this area. Therefore, it is assessed this area represents one of the main challenges.
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6 CO 2 EMISSIONS ACTION PLAN
Local communities and cities can decrease their emission in various ways. In general, the measures can be integrated into the following three groups:
• Measures targeting changes in habits and changes in organization of activities (awareness raising, energy reviews); • Investment in efficient use of energy (EUE) as energy efficient construction of buildings, public buildings, residential buildings and energy efficient public lighting, schemes for decrease of traffic load and introduction of efficient public transport, etc.; • Measures in the area of sustainable sources of energy (SSE), including use of biomass, solar and wind energy.
Baseline emissions record gathered data on use of energy and evaluated emissions for the following sources: • Municipal buildings, equipment/facilities, • Residential buildings, • Municipal public lighting, • Industrial activities, • Municipal vehicle fleet, • Public transport.
This chapter lists already prepared projects, which enable decrease of emissions. The contribution of these projects to lowering emissions is assessed. When defining measures it is important to implement the most cost efficient measures-those which enable the cheapest lowering of emissions. The diagram below shows an example of borderline costs of emission decrease curve, which integrates measures based on their cost efficiency and based on the size of their potential for decrease of emissions.
Measures that should be implemented as a priority are improvement of thermal envelope of buildings, using more efficient lighting, improvement of efficiency of air conditioners and improvement of water heating.
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Picture 4: Borderline costs of emission decrease curve
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6.1 Measures for municipal buildings, equipment/facilities
6.1.1 Area of awareness raising and counselling
Activity no: 1 Name of measures/activity Cooperation plan for implementation of awareness raising-educational activities Preparation of the programme and other activities for implementation of informative Description and promotional activities for various target groups (general public, public servants: users, principals, teachers, children, maintenance personnel and janitors), companies. Responsible for implementation City municipality of Kranj, ENSVET-energy counsellors, energy manager. Due date for implementation Already being implemented Estimate of costs 500 € /year Financing COK 100% Assessment of energy savings The preparation of the plan itself will not have a direct impact on energy savings Assessment of decrease of /
emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Prepared and approved plan of public participation for each calendar year assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 2 Name of measures/activity Implementation of educational -awareness raising activities A number regular educational activities is envisioned. These activities are targeting the implementation of measures in the area of sustainable sources of energy, renewable sources of energy, change of behavioral patterns and raise awareness regarding consequences, which our actions have on the environment. Activities are designed for the target groups listed above. • Organization of educational workshops regarding renewable sources of energy (transfer from fossile fuels to non-fossile fuels, appropriate use of energy source), and efficient sources of energy (preventing loss of heat in buildings, reducing the Description use of energy sources, appropriate use of energy sources-wood biomass in heating devices etc.), quality of open air, sources of financings. • Preparation and distribution of educational materials (flyers, brochures, posters, stickers,etc.) • Organization of events, informational activities through media (radio, TV), municipal newspaper, website. • The implementation of saving measures should be portrayed to users and employees as a benefit. Responsible for implementation City municipality of Kranj, outsider contractor, energy manager participates Due date for implementation 2014 -2020 Estimate of costs 3.000 €/ yearly together 21.000 € Financing COK 77.194 kWh heat energy Assessment of energy savings 9.751 kWh electrical energy Assessment of decrease of 19,78 Number of implemented workshops Definition of the indicator for Number of participants assessing the successfulness of Number of publications in the media measure implementation Number of educational materials
6.1.2 Public planning and public infrastructure area
Activity no: 3 Name of measures/activity Preparation of regulations to implement COK energy strategy Adoption of appropriate regulations (problem areas, joined or separate) on: Description • Planned use of renewable sources of energy (stimulation for use of RSE), and
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efficient sources of energy, and abandonment of use of fossile fuels, • Energy strategy (defined within LEC and SEAP) coordinated with spatial plans and concepts of energy use and energy provision for defined areas with new constructions and reconstructions of existing buildings, • Obligatory preparations of feasibility studies for use of renewable sources of energy and efficient use of energy (RSE and EUE) for boilers in multi-residential buildings and joined boilers for multiple buildings, preparation of feasibility studies for co-production of heat and electricity and their implementation, • Recommended connection to district heating systems, • Recommendations for implementation of building coolings in line with technical documentation guidelines and cooling of spaces in newly constructed buildings, • Obligatory inclusion of energy manager in larger investments, • Measures in the area of traffic (stimulation of bike riding-placement of new bicycle paths and pedestrian traffic, proposals on new public transport routes, stimulation of use of public transport, regulation of still traffic and municipal vehicle fleet). Inclusion in COK regulations: • planned use of ESCO model potentials • Inclusion of quality of open air provision. Responsible for implementation COK, municipal administration, outside contractors, cooperation of energy manager. Due date for implementation Deadline for implementation is defined on a yearly basis for each assignment Estimate of costs 5.000 €/yearly, total 30.000 € Financing Municipality: 100% Assessment of energy savings The preparation of regulations will not directly affect energy savings. Assessment of decrease of / emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Number of COK regulations. assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 4 Name of measures/activity Energy accountancy for municipal buildings Implementation and introduction of energy accountancy in municipal buildings. The results will be properly arranged data on energy use and simple analysis will be Description possible. This will provide for possibilities for easier planning of measures to decrease all sorts of energy, sources of energy and other natural sources (water, waste). Responsible for implementation COK, energy manager Due date for implementation 2014-2020 Estimate of costs 15.000 € yearly Financing Municipality: 100% Assessment of energy savings 737.238 kWh (heat) in 167.542 kWh (EE) Assessment of decrease of 213,05 emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Implementation of energy accountancy in 37 based on requirements of EZ assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 5 Name of measures/activity Preparation of energy performance certificates for municipal buildings Based on legislative demands it is necessary to obtain energy performance certificates Description for all buildings, which have a net area of over 500 m2 (by 2012). In 2015 the margin will be lowered to Responsible for implementation COK, energy manager Due date for implementation Start in 2014, after that in accordance with the program Estimate of costs 30.000 € Financing Municipality: 100% Assessment of energy savings Included in one energy efficiency accountancy. Assessment of decrease of The project will contribute to better understanding where emissions occur and to direct emissions (tCO 2) awareness raising of users of the buildings regarding the energy state of the buildings.
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Definition of the indicator for Obtained energy performance certificates. assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 6 Setting up SIST EN ISO 50001:2011 standard as the tool for implementation of energy Name of measures/activity efficiency maintenance of COK Setting up SIST EN ISO 50001:2011 for energy management at COK. This standard Description represents a tool for energy efficiency management and possibility for its implementation in COK should be assessed (strengths, weaknesses, added value). Responsible for implementation COK, energy manager Due date for implementation 2016/2017 Estimate of costs 20.000 € Financing Municipality: 100% Assessment of energy savings Its preparation will not directly affect energy savings. Assessment of decrease of / emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Obtained ISO 50001 certificate assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 7 Name of measures/activity Preparation of expanded energy performance audits of public buildings Preparation of list of expanded energy performance audits, definition of dynamics for Description buildings that are owned by COK. Responsible for implementation COK, energy manager Due date for implementation 2014-2020 Estimate of costs 20.000 € yearly Municipality: 70% Financing Other sources: 30% Assessment of energy savings 688.088 kWh heating energy and 67.016 kWh electrical energy Assessment of decrease of 169,9 emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Preparation of 4 expanded energy performance audits yearly, between 2006-2020 32 assessing the successfulness of expanded energy performance audits. measure implementation
Activity no: 8 Name of measures/activity Decrease use of energy in municipal buildings Preparation of report on performed reviews and measures with the proposal of measures for improving the situation. Implementation of soft measures with the goal of Description lowering the use of energy in public buildings, as for example: set up of heating techniques (thermostatic vents, heating schedules, etc). Responsible for implementation COK, energy efficiency manager, the management of institution Defined on the basis of implemented energy accountancy, or CSREV, when data is Due date for implementation known Estimate of costs 15.000 € yearly Municipality: 100% Financing Other sources: - Assessment of energy savings 540.055 kWh (heating energy) and 28.351 (electrical energy) Assessment of decrease of 125,56 emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Number of implemented soft measures with the goal to decrease the use of energy in assessing the successfulness of public buildings. measure implementation
Activity no: 9 Name of measures/activity Energy rehabilitation of COK public buildings
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Implementation of energy rehabilitations of COK public buildings. The yearly plan is Description prepared prior to budget adoption for each year. Responsible for implementation COK, participation from energy manager Due date for implementation Yearly, yearly plan before budget adoption for the following year. Estimate of costs 1.500.000 € yearly Municipality: 30% Financing Other sources: 70% co-financing, ESCO model, public private partnership 3.634,42 MWh heat energy, transfer to renewable source of energy; 1.000 MWh Assessment of energy savings electrical energy Assessment of decrease of 1.106,57
emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Number of energy rehabilitated buildings assessing the successfulness of Energy savings in MWh measure implementation
Activity no: 10 Name of measures/activity Set- up systems for wood biomass in public buildings Set-up of wood biomass systems in public buildings (schools, day care centers, other Description public buildings), where it is appropriate with the purpose of transferring from fossile fuels to renewable sources of energy, supposedly (Trstenik, Mavčiče, Goriče 4) Responsible for implementation COK, participation from energy manager Due date for implementation 2015 – 2017 Estimate of costs 100.000 € /per system cca 3 systems Financing Other sources: private partner 60%, state co-financing 40% Assessment of energy savings / Assessment of decrease of 56,42
emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for % decrease of use of fossile fuels and increase of use of renewable sources of energy assessing the successfulness of Number of systems set-up measure implementation
Activity no: 11 Name of measures/activity Monitoring the use of energy for public lighting Analysis and profile of use of electrical energy for public lighting. Data gathered directly Description to the energy accountancy system. Responsible for implementation COK, energy manager, public services contractor Due date for implementation 2015-2020 Estimate of costs 5.000 € yearly Municipality: with the public service Financing Other sources: - Assessment of energy savings Monitoring alone will not have a direct impact on energy savings Assessment of decrease of /
emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for System set up to monitor the use of energy in public lighting system assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 12 Name of measures/activity Rationalization of public lighting and compliance with the regulation Description Compliance of public lighting with legislation and decrease in use of electrical energy Responsible for implementation COK, public service, participation from the energy manager Due date for implementation 2015-2020
4 With this measure it is neccessary to reflect on measure no. 15.1 and study the possibility of installation of joint systems (for multiple buildings).
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Estimate of costs 100.000 € yearly Financing Municipality: 100% Assessment of energy savings 682 MWh/yearly Assessment of decrease of 147
emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Specific use of electrical energy per inhabitant compliant with Regulation on light assessing the successfulness of pollution. measure implementation Studies foresees 40,2 kWh/inhabitant
Activity no: 13 Name of measures/activity Use of smart public lighting and introduction of self sufficient street lighting Smart lights have sensors set-up, to enable adjustment of luminosity based on the environment- strength can be increased in cases where sensors detect movement and decreased when sensors do not sense anything. The introduction of self sufficient lighting decreases emissions due to provision of energy from solar cells-direct decrease Description of emissions. In case the lights enable production of electrical energy, they can be connected to electrical network which can further contribute to production of electricity from low carbon sources. The study on introduction of new lighting (foreseen pilot project). Responsible for implementation COK, energy manager Due date for implementation 2015-2020 Estimate of costs 50.000 € yearly Municipality: a proportionate part based on source of financing, at least 50% Financing Other sources: appropriate source of financing Assessment of energy savings Energy savings cannot be estimated at this stage
Assessment of decrease of Decrease of CO 2 cannot be assessed at this stage emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Introduces system of smart lighting 5 assessing the successfulness of Assessed 1052 MWh of electrical energy savings and 586 t CO 2 measure implementation
6.1.3 Energy systems
Activity no: 14 Name of measures/activity Increasing consumption and expanding district heating systems-gasification Compared to coal and oil, natural gas contains small amounts of sulfur. Low values are also attributed to other pollutants caused by burning (CO2, CO, NOx and dust particles). Burning of natural gas causes an estimated one third of CO2 less than burning of coal, and one quarter less than heating oil. Description In areas where gasification is foreseen based on concessions given we can estimate, that in some areas there will be a transfer from other fossil fuels (heating oil) to natural gas, which will decrease CO2 emissions as well as individual furnaces. Within this measure, we will approach active stimulation for connecting on district heating systems in areas where it is already built. Responsible for implementation COK, concessionary, participation of energy manager Due date for implementation 2014 – 2020 Estimate of costs 3.000.000 € plan after study dust particles defined within table 6.3.1. Financing Concessioners Assessment of energy savings / Assessment of decrease of 421,30
emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Areas of foreseen parallel Foreseen year Primary pipeline length Secondary pipeline length assessing the successfulness of construction for construction
5 Implementaiton of the project is foreseen in case of implementation of the pilot project
Page 55 od 76 SEAP CITY MUNICIPALITY OF KRANJ measure implementation 1. Bitnje, Žabnica, Šutna Until 2015 2.250 m 3.650 m 2. Kokrica, Mlaka, Bobovek Until 2015 1.010 m 3.475 m 3. Britof, Predoslje, Suha 2015 - 201 6 1.785 m 3.475 m 4. Čirče, Hrastje 2015 - 201 6 4.000 m 7.750 m 5. Gonik 2015 - 201 6 1.200 m 2.000 m 6. Primskovo, Kokrški log Until 2015 0 m 1625 m 7. Breg, Jama, Praše, Mavčiče 2016 - 2018 3.580 m 3. 090 m 8. Pešnica 2017 - 2020 3.230 m 3.05 0 m
Activity no: 15 Name of measures/activity Renewable resources of energy plan of use Renewable resources of energ plan will include detailed studies which will define possibilities to implement: Description • Wood biomass district heating and micro wood biomass district heating • Use of geothermal energy • Use of bio gas Responsible for implementation COK, contractors, energy manager Due date for implementation 2014-2016 Estimate of costs 15.000 € (per project) Municipality: 100% Financing Other sources: - Assessment of energy savings Preparation of studies will not have direct impact on energy savings. Assessment of decrease of / emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Plan of renewable sources of energy prepared. assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 15.1 Name of measures/activity Set up of biomass district heating system After the feasibility study will be prepared and technical documentation drafted, district heating biomass systems will be implemented, as per good practices identified. Systems Description are foreseen in settlements where gasification of the network is not foreseen and is congested areas of settlements (for example Podreča, Trstenik, Spodnja Besnica, Goriče) Responsible for implementation COK, energy manager Due date for implementation 2015-2017 Estimate of costs 3 mio Municipality: if needed the municipality can be an investor also Financing Other sources: potential investors Assessment of energy savings / Assessment of decrease of 714,79 emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Biomass district heating systems set up. assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 15.2 Name of measures/activity Set up of systems to use bio-gas Interest and potential for introduction of system of using bio-gas based on biological waste will be checked. COK does not have its own landfill. With construction of modern Description bio-gas plant, ecological issues would be solved, and gas would be used in order to produce electrical energy. Responsible for implementation COK, energy manager Due date for implementation 2015 Estimate of costs Cannot be defined Financing Municipality: if needed the municipality can be an investor also
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Other sources: potential investors Assessment of energy savings Savings cannot be assessed at this stage
Assessment of decrease of CO 2 emissions decrease cannot be estimated in this phase. emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Setup of bio-gas plant. assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 15.3 Name of measures/activity Introduction of geothermal energy systems Introduction of systems to use geothermal energy in appropriate areas. The calculation following is prepared for introduction of the system for a wider area Description around new Bus station in Kranj: buildings Health care protection institute, Dental polyclinic, Health Center, Maternity ward, France Prešeren elementary school, OZG- new building, bus terminal, northern door, buildings A, B and C. Responsible for implementation COK, energy manager Due date for implementation 2017 Estimate of costs Cannot be defined Municipality: if needed the municipality can be an investor also Financing Other sources: potential investors Assessment of energy savings - Assessment of decrease of 980,40
emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Introduced geothermal energy system for foreseen users. assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
6.2 Residential buildings measures
Activity no: 16 Name of measures/activity Subsidizing expanded energy audits for multi-unit residential buildings Subsidizing energy audits for multi-unit residential buildings. Based on approved Description applications of EKO SKLADA j.s. the percentage of COK subsidies will be defined. Responsible for implementation COK, managers of the buildings, participates energy manager Due date for implementation 2016 and on Estimate of costs 15.000 € yearly Financing COK: 50% Assessment of energy savings Only subsidies will not have direct impact on energy savings Assessment of decrease of /
emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Number of extended energy audits assessing the successfulness of Number of buildings in the process of energy rehabilitation measure implementation
Activity no: 17 Including private investors in introducing measures of energy rehabilitations of multi- Name of measures/activity unit residential buildings In cooperation with the state the municipality subsidizes inclusion of private investors Description in introduction of measures for energy rehabilitation of multi-unit residential buildings. Foreseen is energy rehabilitation of heat envelopes in 50 buildings. Responsible for implementation Managers of the buildings, participation of energy manager Due date for implementation 2014 and on Estimate of costs 15.030.000 € (within 3 years) State : 1.000.000 €/yearly Financing Other organizations: 4.000.000 €/year We estimate an area of 73.783 m2 or. 14.864 MWh use of heat energy for 50 buildings. Assessment of energy savings Heat energy savings are estimated at 5.945,946 MWh.
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Assessment of decrease of 1.281
emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Number of buildings in the process of energy rehabilitation. assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 18 Name of measures/activity Investment measures in households Investment measures in households are comprised of measures in the area of decrease of heat losses in buildings and replacement of boilers for all sorts of fuels with new devices such as transfer to renewable sources of energy. Households will implement measures with the assistance of Eko sklad j.s. based on regulation ensuring energy savings with end users. Description Firstly, implementation of investment measures will be subsidized to households that are located in those areas where district heating is not envisioned with municipal decree or local energy concept. The exception here is if the boilers are not intended for district heating. Based on obtained data from Eko sklad j.s. in 2012 there was measures
implemented for 1.457 tCO 2 and for 1.830 tCO 2 in 2013. The average amounts to 1.643,5 tCO 2. We estimate the trend to be continued in the period Responsible for implementation Households, participation of energy counseling office and energy manager Due date for implementation 2014 and on Estimate of costs Costs estimate cannot be defined Financing Eko sklad j.s. and COK Assessment of energy savings / Assessment of decrease of 9.861
emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Number of energy rehabilitations in households assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 19 Name of measures/activity Replacement of household appliances with energy efficient ones The majority of larger household appliances are changed every 6 years on average. The Description calculation is prepared on assumption that at least 80% of households will change their appliances in the following 10 years, and than 35% of those will be energy efficient. Responsible for implementation Households, participation of energy counselling office and energy manager Due date for implementation 2014 and on Estimate of costs Cannot be defined Financing / Assessment of energy savings 5.977 MWh Assessment of decrease of 1.288,37 emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Energy savings assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
6.3 Industries measures
Activity no: 20 Name of measures/activity Implementation of active counseling in industry Implementation of active counseling in industry will include: preparation of preliminary energy audits above all in enterprises, where there is no energy managers (mid size and small enterprises). A list of enterprises based on the type of activity that consumes Description more energy will be prepared. Establishment of energy systems and environment management system will be set up, as well as subsidizing the best available technologies (BAT). Organizations will be invited to participate and will be included based on portrayed interest.
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Responsible for implementation COK with participation of energy manager Due date for implementation 2017 and on Estimate of costs Municipality: 5.000 € /yearly Financing 100% Municipality Assessment of energy savings 3.155.195 Assessment of decrease of 680
emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Number of organized preliminary energy audits in companies assessing the successfulness of Number of enterprises that will start implementing renewable sources of energy and measure implementation efficient use of energy sources measures
6.4 Transport measures
Activity no: 21 Preparation of strategy for public transport 6 and implementation of measures for Name of measures/activity improving public transport system Preparation of public transport traffic that will coordinate guidelines on national level with guidelines of bus lines of passengers in the municipality as well as definition of conditions for completion of concession contracts. Quality improvement measures : • Renewable of city public transport with re-routing of bus lines and increasing the frequency of lines especially in rush hour traffic times; • Review of lines in suburban traffic and harmonization with city traffic; • Set up of displays to show the arrival of busses on all bus stations Description • Replacement of standard busses with mini busses in evening hours on lines with estimated lower number of passengers • Installation of bus stops • Introduction of environment friendly public transport system. Group of measures for improvement of public transport is based above all on bus traffic and will not directly affect lowering of CO2 emissions, but will affect it directly through decreased use of personal vehicles. We are assuming that improvement of public transport will cause a decrease of use of personal vehicles by 20%, as well as use of less used vehicles which will affect decreased use of fossile fuels by 6%. Responsible for implementation COK, participation of energy manager Due date for implementation 2014-2020 Estimate of costs 3.000.000 € planned per study of dust particles, defined in table 6.3.1. Municipality: - Financing Other sources: concessionary 70%, state subsidy 30% At this stage savings cannot be Assessment of energy savings estimated Assessment of decrease of At this stage savings cannot be estimated emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Number of transported passengers/km assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 22 Name of measures/activity Preparation of traffic study and traffic modeling COK does not have a complete traffic study implemented as well as no traffic modeling, which would consider all traffic uses in detail (motor, pedestrian, and bicycle traffic) on Description the municipal area and which would take into consideration existing traffic and urban conditions. Most of the prepared studies in the past were prepared partially and were related to specific areas of individual intersections.
6 Measures in line with Decree on quality of air plan for COK
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The analysis of existing state and especially the future arrangements of traffic network in connection with spatial planning in COK area are the main circumstances for which COK and City of Kranj need a complete detailed Traffic study and a contemporary traffic model. Only with detailed findings from the traffic study and traffic modeling can we objectively predict future traffic flows in the area of a broader traffic network and in the area of intersections. The functionality of traffic depends mostly on intersections. Emphasis should also be put on still traffic, therefore parking and public surfaces, arranging public transport and development of basic and supporting infrastructure for alternative modes of transport (pedestrian and bicycle traffic). All considered ways of traffic have to be considered separately in the traffic study and in following steps also interactively to achieve integrity of the whole study. Responsible for implementation COK, participation of energy manager Due date for implementation 2014 Estimate of costs 20.000 € Financing 100% Assessment of energy savings Preparation itself will not affect savings directly Assessment of decrease of /
emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Prepared traffic study and traffic modeling. assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 23 Name of measures/activity Sustainable parking policies 7 Sustainable traffic politics is related to measures in the area of standing traffic. The Description measure is related to construction of two parking garages in the proximity to downtown. Responsible for implementation COK, energy manager participates Due date for implementation 2016 (1 garage); 2018-2020 (2 garage) Estimate of costs 10 mio and 5 mio Municipality: 85% Financing Ministry (regional development): 15% Assessment of energy savings There will be no savings Assessment of decrease of / emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Construction of two parking garages assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 24 Name of measures/activities Preparation of mobility plans and promotion of sustainable mobility 8 Plans define measures for improving sustainable mobility: responsible use of cars, car pooling portal, promotion of walking with pedestrian path plans, promotion of bicycling Description with safe bicycle sheds, employee owned bikes, bicycle friendly workspaces, promotion of using public transport and information on connections, travel times, decrease of travel needs with work from home, flexible work time and teleconferencing. Responsible for implementation COK with participation from energy manager Due date for implementation 2016 Estimate of costs 30.000 € Financing Possibility of co-financing Assessment of energy savings Preparation of the plan itself will not affect energy savings. Assessment of decrease of /
emissions (tCO 2)
7 Ibid 2 8Ibid 2
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Definition of the indicator for Prepared mobility plans assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 25 Name of measures/activity Set up of bicycle paths 9 Introduction of measures for improving bicycle transport includes the following activities: • Set up of network of bicycle paths, with renting, possibility of bicycle storage, theft protection and maintenance; • Construction and maintenance of bicycle paths; Within these measures needs to be set- up: • To regulate and mark bicycle paths in the city;; • Create panels with maps of bicycle paths; • With the goal of prevention and decrease of possible accidents, bicycle paths need Description to be separated for traffic intended roads; • Build a bicycle shed at a high volume location in the city equipped with video surveillance, in order to prevent theft; • Stimulate and promote use of bicycles as means of transport, especially for short distances • To implement programs and educational activities on the positive sides of using bicycles in day cares, schools and between employees in the municipality
In accordance with international experiences we estimate the decrease of use of fossile fuels by reducing use of personal vehicles by 2,5%. Responsible for implementation COK, participation of energy manager Due date for implementation 2014-2017 Estimate of costs 150.000 € yearly Municipality: 50% Financing Other sources: state subsidy 50% Assessment of energy savings 6622 MWh Assessment of decrease of 1722 emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Number of bicycle rental spaces assessing the successfulness of Number of rented bikes/year measure implementation
Activity no: 26 Name of measures/activity Promoting use of alternative sources of energy 10 Basic measures for popularization and promotion of using alternative modes of Description transport through providing parking spaces for such vehicles and with set up of proper infrastructure. Focus on public services Responsible for implementation COK, participation of energy manager, private investor Due date for implementation 2015-2020 Estimate of costs 100.000 € yearly Financing Possibility of co-financing Assessment of energy savings 274 MWh Assessment of decrease of 28 emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Provided parking spaces for use of electrical vehicles assessing the successfulness of Number of charging stations for electrical vehicles measure implementation
9 Ibid 2 10 Infrastructure for use of bikes on compressed natural gas ibid 2
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Activity no: 27 Name of measures/activity Improvement of municipal vehicle fleet The first step in implementation of these measures is including substa ntial activities and measures in the traffic area. Only low CO emission vehicles. Description 2 With the assumption that all vehicles will be replaced by 2020 with low green house emissions we estimate 8% decrease. Responsible for implementation COK, participation of energy manager Due date for implementation 2015 -2020 Estimate of costs 20.000 € per vehicle Financing COK 100% Assessment of energy savings Use of energy will remain the same but alternative fuels will be used Assessment of decrease of 1,04 emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for assessing the successfulness of No. Of low emission fuels property of COK measure implementation
Activity no: 28 Name of measures/activity Optimization of traffic light system Installation of computer managed optimization of traffic lights operation. This will Description decrease the time of free running of the engine as well as the number of accelerations. Responsible for implementation City Municipality of Kranj Due date for implementation 2015-2017 Estimate of costs 10.000 € yearly Municipality: 100% Financing Other sources: - Assessment of energy savings 240 MWh 11 Assessment of decrease of
emissions (tCO 2) 62 Definition of the indicator for Number of remotely controlled traffic lights assessing the successfulness of The lengths and coordination of »green waves« measure implementation
Activity no: 29 Name of measures/activity Set- up of P&R system and limitations on parking in old city core Secure parking areas would be built at main entry points and they would be connected Description to the city with public transport (Park & Ride). Set up of at least one Park & Ride Responsible for implementation City municipality of Kranj Due date for implementation 2016 – 2018 Estimate of costs 2.000.000 € (2x Park & Ride) Municipality: 30% Financing Other sources: co-financing 70% Assessment of energy savings 1.597 MWh Assessment of decrease of
emissions (tCO 2) 415 Definition of the indicator for Number of daily P+R users assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
6.5 Other measures
Activity no: 30
11 It is energy of cars not lights (litres of fuel converted into v MWh)
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Name of measures/activity Applications to tenders for investments in RSE and ESE (preparation of applications) Monitoring sources of financing and preparation of programs and other activities for Description preparation of applications Responsible for implementation COK, energy manager Due date for implementation 2014 – 2020 Estimate of costs 15.000 € / yearly, but dependent on the possible applications Financing Municipality: 100% Assessment of energy savings The preparation of application will not have a direct impact on energy savings Assessment of decrease of /
emissions (tCO 2) Definition of the indicator for Project in RSE and ESE area assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
Activity no: 31 Name of measures/activity REUSE center Due to increased consumption of goods communal services does not follow the needs for specific treatment of individuals, therefore a higher need for transport of still usable bigger pieces of waste is noted (for example furniture, sports appliances, household appliances, clothes, books,…). This kind of waste is not to be left at the landfills due to Description demands to decrease green house gas emissions. With REUSE center we will renew these products with innovative services, they will be repaired and upgraded so they are ready for reuse. They will be sold to new users at affordable prices and with that the flow of waste from landfills will be re-routed back to use. Responsible for implementation COK, concessionary Due date for implementation 2013 - Estimate of costs 70.000 € yearly Partial financing from donations and non refundable sources of financing at Social Financing entrepreneurship tender and COK donations. Assessment of energy savings Energy savings cannot be estimated (research project). Assessment of decrease of
emissions (tCO 2) CO2 emissions decrease cannot be estimated (research project). Definition of the indicator for Number of reused projects assessing the successfulness of measure implementation
6.6 An estimation of decrease of CO2 emissions for defined measures from 2014 until 2020
Estimation of Total Estimation Estimation of energy estimation of decrease energy savings savings of decrease Area of the measure Name of the activity of (heat energy in (electrical of emissions kWh) energy in emissions (tCO 2) kWh) (tCO 2) Cooperation plan for implementation of awareness - - - raising-educational activities 19,78
Area of Implementation of awareness awareness raising raising and
counselling 77.194 9.751 19,78 raising-educational activities Preparation of regulations to implement COK energy - - - strategy Energy accountancy for 2.404,5
equipment/facilities area 737.238 167.542 213,05 municipal buildings Preparation of energy - - - Measures for municipal buildings,
Public planning and performance certificates for public infrastructure
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Estimation of Total Estimation Estimation of energy estimation of decrease energy savings savings of decrease Area of the measure Name of the activity of (heat energy in (electrical of emissions kWh) energy in emissions (tCO 2) kWh) (tCO 2) municipal buildings Setting up SIST EN ISO 50001:2011 standard as the tool for implementation of - - - energy efficiency maintenance for COK Preparation of expanded energy performance audits of 688.088 67.016 169,9 public buildings Decrease use of energy in 540.055 28.351 125,56 municipal buildings Energy rehabilitation of COK 3.634.420 1.000.000 1.106,57 public buildings Set-up systems for wood - - 56,42 biomass in public buildings Monitoring the use of energy - - - for public lighting ** Rationalization of public lighting and compliance with - 682.000 147 the regulation Use of smart public lighting and introduction of self- - 1.052.000 586 sufficient street lighting Increasing consumption and expanding district heating - - 421,30 systems-gasification Renewable resources of - - - energy plan of use Set up of biomass district - - 714,79 2.116,49 heating system Set up of systems to use bio-
Energy systems - - - gas
Introduction of geothermal 4.548.887 980,40 energy systems Subsidizing expanded energy audits for multi-unit - - - residential buildings ***** Including private investors in introducing measures of energy rehabilitations of 5.945,946 - 1.281 multi-unit residential 12.430 buildings Investment measures in - - 9.861 households Replacement of household
Residential buildings measures appliances with energy 5.977.797 1.288 efficient ones
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Estimation of Total Estimation Estimation of energy estimation of decrease energy savings savings of decrease Area of the measure Name of the activity of (heat energy in (electrical of emissions kWh) energy in emissions (tCO 2) kWh) (tCO 2)
Implementation of active 3.155.195 680 680 counseling in industry measures Industries Preparation of strategy for public transport and implementation of measures - - - for improving public transport system Preparation of traffic study - - - and traffic modeling Sustainable parking policies - - - Preparation of mobility plans and promotion of sustainable mobility 2.228 Set up of bicycle paths - 6.622 1.722 Promoting use of alternative Transport measures - 274 28 sources of energy Improvement of municipal 1,04 - - vehicle fleet Optimization of traffic light - 240 62 system Set up of P&R system and limitations on parking in old 1.597 415 city core Applications to tenders for investments in RSE and ESE - - - (preparation of applications) - Other
measures REUSE center - - -
Total 19.878,77 19.878,77
In 2006, the emission value of CO2 was 310.808 tCO 2. Industrial activities comprise 206.697 tCO 2 of emissions .. Due to the fact that COK does not have direct influence on decrease of emissions for industrial activities, we excluded industrial activities in calculation of the objective of 20% decrease. The baseline for decrease of CO 2 emissions by 20% therefore represents 104.112 tCO 2.
In COK we displayed measures for the period of 2014 until 2020. With implementation of the listed measures we expect a decrease of 19.878,77 tCO 2 which represents 19,09 % decrease of the base value of joint emissions (104.112 tCO 2 value of emissions without industrial activities). For measures implemented between 2006 and 2014 we estimate that they represent up to 5% decrease of the base value of joint emissions (104.112 tCO 2 emissions value without industrial activities), therefore we are defining the goal of emissions by 21 %.
6.7 Financing mechanism for action plan implementation
COK needs financing sources in order to be able to finance the defined measures. Financing plan defines all available possibilities of financing and all mechanisms and systems for financing the defined measures. Some of financing possibilities in line with the action plan are: • COK budget and other national funds
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• ESCO models • EU funds-Cohesion and structural funds, HORIZON 2020, crossborder programs • Loans (EBRD, EIB, WB, KfW, business banks and others); • GEF (Global environment facility) • REAAL – Renewable Energy Across the Alpine Land • Others.
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Table 33: Foreseen sources of financing for action plan defined investments Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Description of the measure Municip other Municipal other Municip other Munici other Municipalit other Municip other Municip other ality sources ity sources ality sources pality sources y sources ality sources ality sources
Area of awareness raising and counselling Cooperation plan for implementation of awareness raising- 500 - 500 - 500 - 500 - 500 - 500 - 500 - educational activities (source: COK 2014, DPP 40600093) Implementation of awareness raising- educational 3.000 - 3.000 - 3.000 - 3.000 - 3.000 - 3.000 - 3.000 - activities (source: COK 2014, DPP 40600093) Public planning and public infrastructure area Preparation of regulations to implement COK 5.000 - 5.000 - 5.000 - 5.000 - 5.000 - 5.000 - - - energy strategy (source: COK 2014, DPP 40600093) Energy accountancy for municipal 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - buildings (source: COK 2014, DPP 40600093) Preparation of energy 10.000 - 10.000 - 10.000 ------performance
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Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Description of the measure Municip other Municipal other Municip other Munici other Municipalit other Municip other Municip other ality sources ity sources ality sources pality sources y sources ality sources ality sources certificates for municipal buildings (source: COK 2014, DPP 40600093) Setting up SIST EN ISO 50001:2011 standard as the tool for - - - - 10.000 - 10.000 ------implementation of energy efficiency maintenance of COK Preparation of expanded energy performance 14.000 6.000 14.000 6.000 14.000 6.000 14.000 6.000 14.000 6.000 14.000 6.000 14.000 6.000 audits of public buildings (source: COK 2014, DPP 40600093) Decrease use of energy in municipal buildings 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - (source: COK 2014, DPP 40700099; 40700001 ) Energy rehabilitation of 450.000 1.050.000 450.000 1.050.000 450.000 1.050.000 450.000 1.050.000 450.000 1.050.000 450.000 1.050.000 450.000 1.050.000 COK public buildings
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Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Description of the measure Municip other Municipal other Municip other Munici other Municipalit other Municip other Municip other ality sources ity sources ality sources pality sources y sources ality sources ality sources
(source COK 2014, DPP 40700078, DPP 40700098, DPP 40700107, DPP 40700108, DPP 40700109, DPP 40700110, PPP). Set up systems for wood - 100.000 - 100.000 - 100.000 biomass in public buildings Monitoring the use of energy for public 5.000 - 5.000 - 5.000 - 5.000 - 5.000 - 5.000 - 5.000 - lighting (source: COK 2014, DPP 40600093) Rationalization of public lighting and 100.000 - 100.000 - 100.000 - 100.000 - 100.000 - 100.000 - 100.000 - compliance with the regulation Use of smart public lighting and 25.000 25.000 25.000 25.000 25.000 25.000 25.000 25.000 25.000 25.000 25.000 25.000 introduction of self-sufficient street lighting. Energy systems
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Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Description of the measure Municip other Municipal other Municip other Munici other Municipalit other Municip other Municip other ality sources ity sources ality sources pality sources y sources ality sources ality sources
Increasing consumption and expanding - 500.000 - 500.000 - 400.000 - 400.000 - 400.000 - 400.000 400.000 district heating systems gasification Renewable resources of energy plan of 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 ------use (source: COK 2014, DPP 40600093) Set up of biomass district - - - 1.000.000 - 1.000.000 - 1.000.000 ------heating system Set up of systems to use ------biogas Introduction of geothermal ------energy systems Residential buildings measures Subsidizing expanded energy audits - - - - 7.500 7.500 7.500 7.500 7.500 7.500 7.500 7.500 7.500 7.500 for multi-unit residential buildings Including private - 5.000.000 15.000 5.000.000 15.000 5.000.000 ------investors in introducing Page 70 od 76 SEAP CITY MUNICIPALITY OF KRANJ
Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Description of the measure Municip other Municipal other Municip other Munici other Municipalit other Municip other Municip other ality sources ity sources ality sources pality sources y sources ality sources ality sources measures of energy rehabilitations of multi-unit residential buildings (source: COK 2014, DPP 40600093) Investment measures in ------households Replacement of household appliances with ------energy efficient ones Industries measures Implementation of active ------5.000 - 5.000 - 5.000 - 5.000 - counseling in industry Transport measures Preparation of strategy for public transport and implementation - 500.000 - 500.000 - 400.000 - 400.000 - 400.000 - 400.000 - 400.000 of measures for improving public transport system Preparation of 20.000 - traffic study and
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Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Description of the measure Municip other Municipal other Municip other Munici other Municipalit other Municip other Municip other ality sources ity sources ality sources pality sources y sources ality sources ality sources traffic modeling
Sustainable - - - - 8,5 mio 1,5 mio - - 4,25 mio 0,75 mio - - - - parking policies Preparation of mobility plans and promotion - - - - 30.000 ------of sustainable mobility Set up of bicycle paths 75.000 75.000 75.000 75.000 75.000 75.000 75.000 75.000 75.000 75.000 75.000 75.000 75.000 75.000 (source: COK 2014, DPP 40600003) Promoting use of alternative - - 100.000 - 100.000 - 100.000 - 100.000 - 100.000 - 100.000 - sources of energy Improvement of municipal - - 20.000 - 20.000 - 20.000 - 20.000 - 20.000 - 20.000 - vehicle fleet Optimization of traffic light - - 10.000 - 10.000 - 10.000 ------system Establishing a P&R system and parking - - - - 300.000 700.000 - - 300.000 700.000 - - - - restrictions in the old town Other measures
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Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Description of the measure Municip other Municipal other Municip other Munici other Municipalit other Municip other Municip other ality sources ity sources ality sources pality sources y sources ality sources ality sources
Applications of tenders for investments in RSE and ESE 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - 15.000 - (preparation of applications) (source: COK 2014, DPP 40600093) REUSE center (source: COK 2014, 70.000 - 70.000 - 70.000 - 70.000 - 70.000 - 70.000 - 70.000 - BL 151004 and DPP 40700062)
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6.8 Organizational structure for implementation of action plan
6.8.1 Covenant of mayors implementation structure
City council (CC) of COK needs to adopt a Sustainable energy action plan (SEAP). This makes the strategic document obligatory for its implementation. After the adoption of the SEAP by City Council, the document needs to be sent to joint research center, which has to confirm the document.
After the adoption of SEAP, the mayor authorizes SEAP energy manager of the COK (Local energy agency of Gorenjska LEAG), which is established for this purpose.
LEAG is a specialized organization structure, well established in EU and represents a middle level of implementation of energy policy in Republic of Slovenia, between regional level and COK level. LEAG is also properly educated and trained to implement energy management for municipal needs as recommended by the Energy law.
Besides authorization to SEAP energy manager, LEAG Strategic energy source action group (AG) will be formed in order to implement SEAP. Organizational structure and task distribution within AG is portrayed in this chapter.
Tasks of AG: • Based on proposal by energy manager it decides on project proposals and tasks to be implemented in current year and co-decide on project proposals which are than proposed by the mayor to the city council in order to be included in COK budget for the following year, • It reviews and strategically evaluates individual annual/multi-annual tasks from SEAP based on views of COK management, • It assesses financial feasibility of projects, • It evaluates technical opportunities from the viewpoint of sustainable development and coordinates municipal departments regarding SEAP projects, • It evaluates required reports on SEAP implementation, • It proposed addendums or changes of SEAP,
Members of AG:
We recommend the AG to be composed of up to 5 members and to be named by mayor after the adoption of LEC documents in City council of COK and to be composed of: - Deputy Mayor in charge of energy sources, - Head of internal organizational unit, in charge of investments, - Head of internal organizational unit, in charge of energy, - Representative of internal organizational unit, in charge of finances or legal matters, - Representative of LEAG, energy manager.
Members of AG are responsible for regularly participating at meetings and to actively participate to optimal solutions and successful implementation of the project based on their expertise. When needed, AG can include outside members, which prepares or explains expert matters.
6.8.2 Staff assigned towards implementation of SEAP
We estimate, that the work for implementation of SEAP will be carried out by: • 1 full- time employed person, (1 man/year); • 1 man/year will be necessary at COK (at various departments of COK)
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6.8.3 Foreseen monitoring and reporting measures
Systematic implementation of SEAP requires monitoring of results and their success. Therefore, COK needs basic guidelines of how to implement and supervise activities, for example including the themes at CC sessions when needed, by regular reviews of implemented measures and their effects, by monitoring publications on effects of implemented measures in public media and similar.
For implementation of SEAP, COK will authorize the energy manager, whose tasks are: - to implement and assist COK in preparation of SEAP and preparation of changes or reviews within SEAP, - to prepare a plan of implementation and assist in locating financial sources and to participate in search for contractors, - to oversee improvements in energy efficiency and improvements in introduction of renewable sources of energy in COK, - to analyze the situation and prepare proposals for solving problems in the energy area, - to participate or prepare projects to bid for obtaining financial sources from structural or other funds and regulations, - to analyze effects of implemented measures and to spread experiences and knowledge in the area of renewable sources of energy, and efficient use of energy and to promote good practices, - to search for joint rational solutions in a broader space (for example possibilities of wood biomass district heating and similar) - to organize educational events and forward information, - To publish results on effects of measures in COK public media, - To prepare required reports on SEAP implementation (every second year a report on implementation should be prepared. Deadline for submission of the first report is two years after the SEAP is submitted.
A big focus is on reporting on implementation and effects of the projects. We foresee three levels of reporting (informing): - first level: energy manager prepares a report for CC; - second level: CC reports to the Joint research center: - third level: energy manager informs general public (through COK public relations services)on achievements in the area of renewable sources of energy and efficient use of energy, on organization of workshops for various target groups and on events in the field of energy and sustainable development important of COK and general public.
The proposed organizational schemes also includes project coordinator in the field of energy (and implementation of SEAP in COK), who is in charge of coordination of different departments and offices of COK in order to implement direct activities that are ongoing within COK.
6.8.4 Practical information regarding obtaining financial sources for implementation of measures
In order to implement LEC and Action plans, various sources of financing for implementing measures should be implemented, as listed in SEAP. Before the start of each project, sources of financing should be reviewed (various tenders in Slovenia, possibilities of EU funding, beneficial crediting, or other potential sources of financing-ESCO contracting model, public private partnership and similar). The foreseen contractor (usually chosen on public tender) can propose additional favorable possibilities of financing to the client. Annual SEAP implementation plan should list foreseen financial participation of COK and define possibilities of outside sources of financing.
6.8.5 Including stakeholders and general population
A system of informing and inclusion of public in the processes of decision making and implementation should be included for a responsible, open and transparent implementation of SEAP.
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Public participation plan will be prepared in order to familiarize the public, and among other things it will include a set up of an information, opinion and proposal gathering system as well as set up of a feedback system with constant monitoring and evaluation of the programs with inclusion of novelties. Act on access to information of public character information and Aarhus convention oblige municipalities to include public in processes of decision- making. With this, a just and transparent participation of public is ensured while programs are prepared.
Active participation and inclusion of public for the whole period of project implementation is designed in a way to implement public participation activities throughout the implementation of the program, as well as to implement specific activities during implementation of specific project. Latter will be designed based on activities of individual project.
Active participation and public cooperation will be set up in phases described here.
Implementation of public participation activities and inclusion of stakeholders is part of LEAG and COK tasks.
Purpose: • Have an overview of implementation of participation and inclusion of public, • Exchange of information, • Education of participants and general population, • Set up of feedback information system, • Improvement (optimization) of SEAP implementation.
Implementation structure is composed of: • Representative on SEAP information
Representative on SEAP informing can be a representative for public relations in COK or LEAG, whose task is: • preparation and realization of public participation plan for an individual project for the period of the program , including short-term and long-term objectives and connected to tasks
Public participation plan should include: • possibilities of public participation in an individual project; • choosing activities and methods for inclusion of public on projects and programs; • set up of information system to interested target groups and broader public for each project; • set up of a feedback system; • monitoring and evaluation of public participation process, which enables regular checking, improvements, proposal of solutions and novelties; • Reporting and coordination.
Successfulness of designated activities within Public participation plan will be regularly checked: • presentation of implemented information activities, • presentation of problems in implementation of activities, • presentation of successful implementation of activities and good practices, • presentation of objectives, • evaluation of public participation plan, • presentation of opinions and proposals obtained during implementation of activities, • Exchange of opinions, proposals, experiences of PR representatives, obtained during implementation of activities and looking for new proposals for improved public cooperation (»learning by doing«).
Energy manager organizes one event for expert and general public annually. Events should discuss possibilities for cooperation in the field of energy projects, traffic, and waste management.
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