REFORMS INSIDE – Publication of Higher Education Reform Experts in Montenegro

REFORMS

INSIDEPublication of Higher Education Reform Experts and National Erasmus+ Office in Montenegro Issue 2

REFORMS

PublicationINSIDE of Higher Education Reform Experts and National Erasmus+ Office in Montenegro Issue 2

National Erasmus+ Office

December 2020 REFORMS INSIDE – Publication of Higher Education Reform Experts in Montenegro

Publisher: National Erasmus+ Office

Editor of Current Issue: Jelena Knežević and Vanja Drljević

Higher Education Reform Experts in Montenegro Mira Vukčević, University of Montenegro Mubera Kurpejović, Ministry of Education Aneta Spaić, University of Montenegro, Faculty of Law Danilo Nikolić, Rector of the University of Montenegro Radovan Stojanović, University of Montenegro Saša Popović, University of Montenegro Ramo Šendelj, University of Donja Gorica Jelena Knežević, University of Montenegro Biljana Mišović, Ministry of Education Sara Arianna Serhatlić, University of Montenegro

Graphic Design: Nikola Latković, mfa

Printed by: Golbi Print d.o.o Podgorica

Co-funded by the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union

The European Commission's support for the production of this publication does not con- stitute an endorsement of the contents, which reflect the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

How to Facilitate the Transition Disabilities in Serbia, Bosnia & INSTEAD OF INTRODUCTION from the World of Education to the Herzegovina and Montenegro World of Labour Market of Higher (Trans2work) /Tatijana Dlabač 54 / Vanja Drljević 4 Education Graduates /Mubera Kurpejović 31 NEWLY SELECTED PROJECTS REFLECTIONS What Did Goethe not See? Or the Education and the Role of Development of Regional Joint Digital Education at the University an Artist in Contemporary Society Master Program in Maritime of Montenegro During Covid-19 /Nikola Latković 32 Environmental Protection and Pandemic / Danilo Nikolić 8 The New Dimension of Studing Management / Mep&M 56 #Učidoma (#Learnhome) and the Law in Montenegro /Aneta Spaić, Improving the Process of Education Response of the Montenegrin Marina Jovićević 35 through Development of E-Learning Education System to the Pandemic The Significance of the Faculty of Multimedia Platform and Smart Caused by Covid-19 / Mubera Law on the E UIntegration Path of Classrooms – SMARTEL 58 Kurpejović 11 Montenegro / Aneta Spaić, Strengthening University Autonomy How one Tempus Project Fostered a Andreja Mihailović 38 and Increasing Accountability and New Scientific Field in Montenegro Digital Entrepreneurial Nest and Transparency of Western Balkans and Helped Fight Covid-19 Industry 4.0 in Montenegro /Ramo Universities – STAND 59 / Radovan Stojanović 13 Šendelj, Ivana Ognjanović 42 Inclusive Tertiary Education in the Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Western Balkans – IDEA Education System of the Faculty of PROJECTS / Maja Drakić 60 Arts / Sara Arianna Serhatlić 17 Establishing Modern Master-Level Educational Capacity Strengthening Teaching Humanities in (Post-) Studies in Information Systems for Risk Management of Non-Native Virtual Era / Jelena Knežević 20 (Mastis) / Sandra Tinaj, Snežana Šćepanović 50 Aquatic Species in Western Balkans Importance of Teachers in HE – RISKMAN / Ana Pešić 61 Reforms: Should Teachers Just Library Network Support Services: Sustainable University – Enterprise Teach or Inspire? / Saša Popović 23 Modernising Libraries in Western Balkan Countries through Staff Cooperation for Improving Graduate Practical Based Teaching and Development and Reforming Library Employability – SUCCESS Learning in MNE HEIs: Are Our Services (LNSS) /Bosiljka Cicmil 52 / Jelena Šaković-Jovanović 63 Graduates Ready to Correspond to Labor Market Practical Skills School-To-Work Transition for Required? / Mira Vukčević 28 Higher Education Students with

2020 neo montenegro 3 Introduction

The Erasmus+ programme has Instead significantly contributed to the of Introduction reform of education, harmonization with the European Vanja Drljević standards, modernization and National Erasmus+ internationalization of Monte- Coordinator negrin educational institutions, through innovation of already Participation in Erasmus+ programme has positively impac- existing and introduction of new study programmes and tra- ted the personal and professional development of more than ining of students and teaching/administrative staff, through 10 million people in Europe. The Erasmus+ programme is participation in mobility etc. really an example of a story of success, it has been recogni- Montenegro has been participating in the programme from zed as one of the most successful initiatives of the European its very beginning, but it has not been a beginner in the EU Union, because it has substantially developed, and now it projects in the education field. Knowledge, experiences and comprises all levels of education and training. The subtitle contacts through Tempus phase of the programme (2000- of the Erasmus+ programme, the slogan – enriching lives, 2013), represented a solid basis for widening the knowled- opening minds – really represents the backbone and core ge and strengthening acquired links with the EU institutions of the programme. and institutions from other regions, the Western Balkans in particular. 2020 has marked the end of the first cycle of the programme, as well as two decades of participation of Mon- tenegro in the EU programmes in the education field. The spirit of the programme is ubiquitous in our country, and permeates through all programmes in which Montenegro took or takes part.

During this seven-year period of participation of Montene- gro in the Erasmus+ programme (2014-2020), Montenegrin higher education institutions have succeeded in building and improving their education systems in various manners.

4 neo montenegro 2020 Talking in numbers, the results that Montenegro has achieved values. EU integration is ubiquitous, in a direct or an indirect are exceptional. Bearing in mind participation of Montenegro way, in almost all Erasmus+ projects. in 35 capacity building in higher education projects, 8 of which The greatest impact of the Erasmus+ programme can be per- are coordinated by Montenegrin higher education instituti- ceived through valuable contacts with institutions from the ons, with a budget which exceeds 23.4 million euro, we can Western Balkans as well as the EU institutions which have conclude that this is a great success for our small country and been generators of further cooperation in already existing certainly a result that Montenegro can be proud of. However, fields or completely new fields. A great number of local and the figures themselves, although an important indicator of international partnerships have been created, which were success, are not the only indicator of what has been achie- then further developed and upgraded through other actions ved through participation in the Erasmus+ programme. This of the Erasmus+ programme. Learning in different educati- particularly refers to the results which cannot be shown in onal and cultural environment has positively impacted rai- figures i.e., sustainable local and international partnershi- sing the awareness of youth, who, enriched with knowledge ps, at institutional and individual levels. The cooperation and enthusiasm, shared the experiences gained with their that was established through participation in these projects peers, encouraging them to take part in further undertakin- launched “an avalanche” of various initiatives and projects. gs. The Erasmus+ programme actually merges, at first sight 352 international credit mobility projects in total, through incompatible things, into a perfect whole, enabling gathering cooperation with more than 200 EU universities, as well as of different people, cultures, various educational systems, the number of students who took part in Erasmus Mundus completely new things, and also offering participation in va- Joint Master Degrees, programmes of excellence which are rious activities which make Montenegro one step closer to extremely competitive not only in Europe, but also worldwide, the EU membership. Harmonization of educational systems represent exceptional results. Young people who took part in and understanding different cultures represent something this programme are the best ambassadors of Montenegro, and which dominates and permeates through all Erasmus+ pro- the academic community as well as the society as a whole jects. This programme taught us to cooperate more with each should take advantage of their experiences. Participation of other, and it inspired creativity, which is something of special students in the Erasmus+ mobility programmes has positi- importance to our small country. vely impacted their personal and professional development, Last but not least, it is important to mention our Higher Edu- independence, self-confidence, development of soft skills, cation Reform Experts team which contributes to initiating the knowledge of foreign languages, preparation for the labor topics of interest for Montenegrin higher education system. market and life in general etc. Some of the topics within this publication consider the res- Jean Monnet activities are also very important activities that ponses of our higher education system to current challenges contribute to the European studies by promoting excellence caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this second in teaching and research in the field of European integration edition of the publication is aimed at presenting some of the studies and represent an extremely important component most important topics within Montenegrin higher education for accession of Montenegro to the European Union, but also system as well as presenting some of the Erasmus+ projects contribute to a better understanding of the European Union which contribute to improving our education system, at the

2020 neo montenegro 5 6 neo montenegro 2020 Reflections

2020 neo montenegro 7 Digital Education at the University of Montenegro during COVID-19 Pandemic

Danilo Nikolić University of Montenegro

However, the shift to digital education through e-learning and distance learning modes has raised many questions on its quality. Accordingly, to establish effective virtual learning Introduction environment, it is necessary to provide suitable digital infrastructure for teaching staff and students. In addition, teaching he digital transformation in higher education is mainly staff needs digital skills in order to adapt their teaching pro- influenced by technological advances, the need for indi- T cess as well as pedagogy to online environment [1]. vidual flexibility, and the increasing demand for digital skills [1]. Furthermore, the COVID 19 pandemic has accelerated the Transformation toward digital education digital transformation. At the beginning of the pandemic, at the University of Montenegro Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have reacted promptly The use of digital tools for education has been present at the by transforming almost all their activities, including teaching University of Montenegro for a certain time. The Development & learning, research and administration into a digital format Strategy of the University of Montenegro for period 2019 – [2]. Digital education included modes of e-learning and dis- 2024 recognizes the importance of digital education [6]. It tance learning [1]. became clear that e-learning and distance learning should The previous literature identified various similarities between be included to a much greater extent in the teaching & lear- e-learning and distance learning [2]. However, e-learning pre- ning process, and therefore, it was necessary to provide a sents the delivery of learning through web-based technology sophisticated infrastructure and training for both teaching staff and students to overcome the upcoming obstacles and and the internet [3], while distance learning presents corres- challenges. The Center of the Information System (CIS) team pondence course in which learning materials are sent to the has had the most substantial role in the process of digitali- students via email or posted at university web site/platform zation at the University of Montenegro. [4]. In general, most of the universities combine both modes for digital education [5]. For this purpose, IT market is offe- At the outbreak of pandemic in Montenegro in March 2020, ring technologies such as video conference platforms and the University of Montenegro announced suspension of all applications, like Zoom, Adobe Connect, Kaltura, Panopto, face-to-face classes. Students that were residing on campuses Microsoft Teams, Google Classroom, etc. in Podgorica, Niksic, Kotor and Cetinje were required to move

8 neo montenegro 2020 out of dormitories. Most of foreign stu- tomatically generated credentials that academic year 2020/2021 there was dents on mobility stayed in Montenegro would be used to access online servi- not state lock-down, classes were held as the country had the lowest number of ces provided by the Academic Network blended, both face-to-face and online, recorded cases in Europe in that period. [7]. Under 10% of active students used according to the national measures for Noteworthy, the University management these accounts until March 2020. Full schools and universities in Montenegro. issued an announcement indicating that usage capacity was achieved during the Face-to-face classes held where it was teaching & learning processes are to be pandemic. In order to provide distance possible to provide social distancing. continued online, using both e-learning learning service, the latest version of For the current academic year, the CIS and distance learning modes. Moodle platform has been installed on team prepared Moodle platform for both a virtual server [7]. Implementation of online teaching & le- e-learning and distance learning modes arning at the University of Montenegro The CIS team also identified a require- [7]. Considering that the teaching proce- was not new, but it was limited to just ment for additional support in order to ss requires an audiovisual contact, the few faculty units. At that time, the vast resolve all ongoing problems as quickly CIS team has created a cluster made of majority of teaching staff and students as possible and started a User Support fourteen BigBlueButton servers which have had little if any experience of online Service through email address nastava@ provide a powerful videoconferencing classroom, from both technical and pe- ucg.ac.me which provided both students tool, integrated with the existent Mo- dagogical point of view. Thus, there was and teaching staff with fast replies and odle platform. Besides, other activities a significant pressure on the CIS team support so they could attend classes supported by Moodle platform, such as from the very beginning. The CIS team or give lectures regularly while staying an upload of teaching materials, creation created instructional guides and conduc- at home [7]. of activities and tests, teaching staff can ted online workshops to provide teaching use this tool to create video conferences, As Montenegrin Law on Higher Education staff and students with knowledge on including the possibility of saving them [8] indicates that final exams must be how to use various e-learning platforms in the real time, setting them for further held at the premises of the universiti- (mostly Zoom and Skype) and distan- viewing, defining time limitations and es, upon reduction of measures against ce learning (mostly Moodle, University management of entire administration COVID 19 at the end of May, final exams web site and e-mail communication) within the same course. Since the be- were organized in June and July. Also, in [7]. Thanks to this, teaching staff have ginning of academic year 2020/2021, June, menagement of the University of put a lot of effort into setting up online 11.000 out of 17.000 active students have Montenegro made an announcement courses, developing learning materials used this Moodle platform. stating that, where applicable, all lab and tests, and holding consultations. exercises for academic year 2020/2021 University of Montenegro plans to further The CIS team has launched a service which should be prepared and recorded during invest in enhancement of digitalization provided access to AAA infrastructure summer break, and delivered to students of teaching & learning process as well as to all students at the beginning of the if situation does not allow face to face in additional student and staff services 2018/2019 academic year, namely au- exercises. As for the first semester of associated to digitalization. Besides in-

2020 neo montenegro 9 vesting in digitalization from its own re- ze online enrollment at the University https://online.essex.ac.uk/blog/whats-the- difference-between-online-and-distance-learning/ sources, the University of Montenegro is of Montenegro. seeking for additional funds from the EU Joi L. Moore et al. Learning, online learning, and Conclusion distance learning environments: Are they the programs. Within Erasmus + CBHE 2019 same? The Internet and Higher Education, Volume 14, Issue 2, March 2011, Pages 129-135, https:// call, University of Montenegro will benefit COVID 19 pandemic has pushed us to ret- doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2010.10.001 from received grants from two projects hink how to meet the demands of digital https://www.ucg.ac.me/skladiste/blog_4/ related to enhancement of digital educa- transformation in higher education. At objava_40/fajlovi/Strategy%20of%20the%20 the University of Montenegro, teaching University%20of%20Montenegro%202019_2024. tion. The first Erasmus + project “Deve- pdf lopment of Regional Joint Master Program staff put a significant effort into converting https://www.ucg.ac.me/objava/blog/1029/ in Maritime Environmental Protection and their face-to-face lectures into a digital objava/95869-covid-19-ubrzao-digitalizaciju- Management - MEP&M” with coordination format and have demonstrated a great procesa-nastave-na-univerzitetu-crne-gore of the University of Montenegro is aiming level of flexibility. To assure digitalization https://www.ucg.ac.me/skladiste/blog_6/ objava_41/fajlovi/The%20HE%20Law.pdf to implement the first online joint master process on the long run, the University is program in English language using state tending to organize trainings for teaching of the art digital technology for creation staff in order to further enhance their of e-learning courses. The second Era- skills and know-how. Additionally, Uni- smus+ project “Improving the process versity will provide further investments of education through the development in the technical infrastructure supporting Prof. Danilo Nikolić (PhD in technical scien- of e-learning multimedia platform and digitalization of education and student ces/material science) is rector of University of services in order to establish blended smart classrooms - SMARTEL”, with the Montenegro and full professor at the Faculty of University of Montenegro participating learning approach in its teaching & le- Maritime Studies. During his academic career as partner institution, is aiming to im- arning process. he occupied also the position of dean at the plement a state-of-the-art multimedia References: same faculty. He was National coordinator for

learning platform and smart classrooms Communication from The Commission to The Horizon 2020 and NFP for energy and Member at the University level. European Parliament, The Council, The European of Montenegrin Council for higher education at Economic and Social Committee and The the Ministry for science of Montenegro respon- Committee of The Regions, Digital Education Additionally, in order to maintain so- Action Plan 2021-2027, Resetting education and sible for implementation of Montenegrin law on cial distancing in period of pandemic, training for the digital age, https://eur-lex. higher education in Montenegro. He was also europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid=16027784 the CIS team developed a software for 51601&uri=CELEX%3A52020DC0624 visiting professor and researcher at the Univer- electronic submission of required docu- sity of Michigan and Japanese National Institute Sónia P. Gonçalves et al. Distance Learning ments and enrollment of candidates at Perceptions from Higher Education Students—The of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology. Case of Portugal. Education Science 2020, 10, He is also the member of national HERE team. the University of Montenegro [7]. Softwa- 374; doi:10.3390/educsci10120374. re was used for enrollment at all study His main research fields are I.C. Engines, Fuels, Arfan Shahzad et al. Effects of COVID19 in Combustion, Emission and Environmental pro- levels, from undergraduate (bachelor Elearning on higher education institution students: degree) to graduate (master degree) the group comparison between male and female. tection. He publishes and leads international Springer Nature B.V. 2020 Quality & Quantity, and national projects in those fields. level. This was the first time to organi- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-020-01028-z

10 neo montenegro 2020 #UčiDoma (#LearnHome) and the Response of the Montenegrin Education System to the Pandemic Caused by COVID 19 Mubera Kurpejović Ministry of Education

he pandemic caused by COVID 19 changed In accordance with the epidemiological situa- Tlives as a whole and had a strong impact on tion in Montenegro and the Recommendations education systems around the world. To protect for the protection of the health of students and children and students, as well as employees, employees in primary and secondary schools and ensure continuity in teaching was not easy. during the pandemic COVID 19 of the Institute This once again showed the importance of di- of Public Health, the school 2020/2021 year gitalization of the educational system and its began on 1 October 2020, with the so-called advantages. combined model in schools, while higher education institutions, in accordance with their Owing to all actors, good synergy and readine- autonomy, and depending on the capacity or- ss of employees, the Montenegrin education ganized classical or online classes. system has prepared a right response to the current situation through the project #LearnHome Students of I, II, III, IV, V and VI grades of pri- and online teaching at all levels of education. mary school and students of I grade of secondary school (gymnasiums and vocatio- The previous school year ended in a way that nal schools) attend classes in schools, while classes were organized online, except for the students of VII, VIII and IX grades of primary final exams at the faculties, while the beginning school and II, III and IV grades of secondary of the 2020/2021 school year was organized school (gymnasiums and vocational schools) somewhat differently. In the last school year, follow classes online. about 1,700 lectures were recorded in 17 subjects, which received positive grades from Following the good experiences from the previo- the entire social community. us school year, the Ministry of Education, under

2020 neo montenegro 11 the slogan #LearnHome, carried on with channel/UC07wVCV2n_Zpg3WFb9_9vew Having in mind the above, as well as the implementation of distance learning and on the portal www.ucidoma.me 1, the conducted analyses, the Montene- from October 1, 2020, as an additional arranged by levels of education, subjects grin system has shown a high degree form of support to all students, regardle- and classes. of responsibility and quality to respond ss of whether they attend school or not. to the challenges, as well as readiness Statistics for last year: A special role and quality in student and to continue with further improvement. > Video lectures were broadcasted on teacher communication was made possi- three channels: TVCG2, Uči doma 1 ble through the use of the Teams plat- and Uči doma 2. form, provided by the Ministry. > RTCG2 was watched by 103,572 viewers About 225 teachers from 63 schools and during the first day of the broadca- 24 educational supervisors participa- sting of #UčiDoma. ted in applying the concept #LearnHo- me in the teaching in Montenegrin and > On average, close to 20,000 specta- Albanian during the first and second tors watched every minute. classification period (first semester). > A website, the You Tube channel and Over 3,500 lectures from 20 subjects application #LearnHome with all ma- were recorded. terials were opened. Priority contents for primary and secondary > 400,000 visits to the #LearnHome schools for the school year 2020/2021 website were recorded. are broadcasted on TVCG 2 and MNE SPORT channels, in line with the pro- > 95,000 users of the website. Mubera Kurpejović (1982 Rožaje, Montenegro) gram scheme which is published on a > 10,000 downloads of the #LearnHo- is Deputy Minister and Director-General of the specially designed website www.ucido- me mobile app. Directorate for Higher Education in Montenegrin ma.me, as well as on the teacher portal Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Sport. www.skolskiportal.edu.me, the website > 3 million views of the #LearnHome She graduated from Faculty of Law at University of the Ministry of Education, social media YouTube channel. of Montenegro and won some important prizes networks and TV channels. For students > Over 80% of citizens watched #Uci- during her study. Until 2006 works for Ministry who attend classes in Albanian, priority Doma content. of Education. Until 2010 Deputy Minister. She is content is broadcasted on TV Teuta and also the President of Commission for Qualificati- TV Boin. > The You Tube channel had the most ons, Member of Higher Education Board, Board views from the Region, followed by for Join and Stabilization and Commission for The content broadcasted on TV channels Germany, Slovenia, Russia, the UK, European Integration. She took part in nume- is also published on the YouTube channel North Macedonia, Hungary, Italy, Ca- rous projects financed by European fonds and #LearnHome https://www.youtube.com/ nada, Poland and Turkey. World Bank. She speaks English and Russian.

12 neo montenegro 2020 How one TEMPUS Project Fostered a New Scientific Field in Montenegro and Helped Fight COVID-19

Radovan Stojanović Me and Tempus/Erasmus the Tempus programme, often very quickly restarting their en- University of Montenegro gagement, from as early as 1992, while we had to wait almost o many European education a decade to continue in 2001 as the Federal Republic of Yugo- and research programmes have N slavia, later as Serbia and Montenegro, and then as Monte- contributed so much to the Western negro. It was in 2001 that my professor, Prof. Momir Djurović, Balkan region as TEMPUS, later with whom I worked in the laboratory, received a grant as part ERASMUS/ERASMUS+. From my current standpoint I can say, of the Tempus III call and I started to be involved. In 2002, I without any doubt, that this programme has been a guiding tried with my own solo project and received an IMR (Individual light for my professional and personal career. The beginning Mobility Grant) that was devoted to an individual short-term of the TEMPUS programme, in the early 1990s, coincided with scholarship (about three months). I used my IMR to prepare a my graduation from the University of Montenegro, when I reali- larger grant, and I succeeded in 2005 with my first Tempus Joint zed that real professional and research growth was impossible European Project (JEP) named “The Introduction of a New Study without embracing the international dimension. The country Program in Applied Electronics”, under code JEP-40017-2005. of my youth, the former Yugoslavia, was among the first to join At that time, we could not be a “grant holders”, but I was the the programme, Tempus 1991 unfortunately, for only one year, working coordinator. It was a great recognition for me and at because, after that we experienced both the dissolution of the the same time an obligation, as a young assistant professor. country and the outbreak of civil war. I remember well that, in The modest website for that project, www.spiae.ac.me still either 1991 or 1992, one of my professors, Prof. Novak Jauko- exists to this day. I remember that one of the members of my vić, received a Tempus grant, but sadly, he was never able to consortium Prof. Ladislav Novak, a legend of Tempus in the for- use it, due to the international embargo that followed. Other mer Yugoslavia, from whom I learned a lot about international republics of the former Yugoslavia continued to take part in projects. Through this project we composed a new curriculum for Applied Electronics at the University of Montenegro, equipping a modern laboratory, called MEDEL, which remains among the best at the Faculty of Electrical En-

2020 neo montenegro 13 gineering and which is the birthplace of and teach through a couple of university Specialization in MEDICAL ELECTRONICS many experiments and innovations in courses. In developed countries it has its and a 1-year Masters course in MEDICAL Montenegro. Many brilliant students, who own clear educational profile, from the ELECTRONICS, both offering 60 ECTS cre- later went on to be excellent engineers undergraduate to the doctoral level, and dits, http://www.apeg.ac.me/medel/. took their first steps in this laboratory. In covers a number of scientific and technical In addition to the University of Monte- addition to offering education, we also fields such as: biomedical electronics, negro, other participants in the project used this Laboratory to apply for and win biomedical instrumentation and mea- from our country included the Ministry other projects from different schemes. surements, biomechanics, biomaterials, of Education and Sport, the Simo Milo- Although relatively young, I was already cell engineering, tissues and genetics, sevic Institute, the Montenegrin Medi- experienced enough to join the team of clinical engineering, rehabilitation en- cal Chamber and an ICT company called Tempus evaluators that worked at that gineering, pharmaceutical engineering, Čikom, out of a total of 24 partners from time as part of the European Training Fo- bio-nano technology, bioinformatics, across the EU and the region. The lea- undation (ETF), suited in Turin, Italy. Later safety standards of medical equipment, dership of the project was entrusted to the pool of evaluators moved to Brusse- telemedicine and numerous others. In the University of Birmingham, UK, and ls. I continue to live and work with this Montenegro, BME as a field was poorly besides that institution, the EU partners programme right up to the present day, developed, probably due to the lack of included the University of Pierre and Marie covering almost two decades of my pro- our own high-tech industry and the do- Curie, known as the Sorbonne, in Paris, fessional life. minance of classical approaches in the the Technical University of Tampere, Fin- health sector, where the “white coats” land, and the University of Maribor, Slo- BioEMIS project and its impacts play the main role and sees new medical venia. Among the partners from Serbia, This story is about my 2nd Tempus project devices as somewhat suspect “ black there were the Universities of Kraguje- “Studies in Bioengineering and Medical boxes”. The Institute of Physical Medi- vac, Nis and Belgrade, the University of Informatics (BioEMIS)”, 530423-TEMPUS- cine, Rehabilitation and Rheumatology Defense, the Military Medical Academy, 1-2012-1-UK TEMPUS-JPCR. It was about “Dr Simo Milošević” in Igalo, was, for several clinical centers, specialist medi- a long time, the only institution which Biomedical Engineering (BME) that in cal and technology companies and the dealt with BME, mainly through rehabi- essence means the application of engi- Medical Chamber of Serbia. Bosnia and litation engineering. This institute was neering sciences and skills in medicine. Herzegovina was represented by, among a member of our BioEMIS consortium. It is well known to everyone that modern others, the Universities of Banja Luka, medicine mainly developed thanks to From our current perspective, it could be East Sarajevo, Mostar and Bihac. Since technology, rather than breakthroughs said that the first milestones in developing 2016, about 60 students have attended in clinics. The medical devices we use biomedical technology and informatics MEDEL courses, 45 at the Specialist le- today are the result of the joint work of in Montenegro were the BioEMIS project vel and 15 at the Master’s level. Some physicians, scientists and engineers. BME and the MEDEL laboratory. In terms of of them continued their careers abroad, is an extremely complex and extensive curricula reform, BioEMIS introduced where they successfully completed their discipline that is not easy to summarize two new study programmes: a 1-year Master’s or PhD degrees. The engineers

14 neo montenegro 2020 The first students of BioEMIS, now reputable experts, with Prof. Stojanović

from MEDEL are the backbone in the pro- of data / measurements and their appli- stainable Technologies (SEEIIST) which cess of maintaining medical equipment cation in multimedia, biomedicine and will offer a cutting-edge cancer therapy in Montenegro. Several of them have communications” -CS-ICT, “Development, department. The number of publications formed successful startup companies. validation and application of the teleme- in this field authored by Montenegrin dicine system TELEMONTEKG (TM ECG) researchers has started to grow expo- What made the BioEMIS project particu- for rapid diagnosis of heart disease in nentially. There are now a large number larly recognizable and well regarded is its sustainability and impact. It launched an Montenegro”. A CENTER OF EXCELLEN- of works by Montenegrin researchers avalanche of new projects and research CE FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH (CEBI- in the field of biomedical research. The in the fields of biomedical engineering MER) has been established at the Simo MEDEL programme has established one and biomedical technologies. Science Milošević Institute in Igalo as a strate- of the most widely respected workshops and education policy makers in Mon- gic project of the Ministry of Science. A in the field of Biomedical Engineering tenegro have begun to understand the POSTGRADUATE ACADEMIC MASTER’S and Medical Informatics in Europe, the importance of this discipline and awar- STUDIES course on “INFORMATION MA- “Workshop on Recent Advances in Com- ded several key projects in this area from NAGEMENT IN HEALTHCARE” has been putational and Engineering Methods in the funds received from the World Bank created at the University of Donja Go- Biomedicine and Rehabilitation”, http:// in 2013: “BioICT” (ETF Excellence in Bi- rica (UDG). One of the largest planned embeddedcomputing.meconet.me/spe- oinformatics Center) , “New ICT trends projects in science in Montenegro is the cial-sessions/#cembr. This year, we are based on a significantly smaller number proposed International Institute for Su- holding the 4th Workshop.

2020 neo montenegro 15 BioEMIS and COVID-19

During the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, the programme has more than justi- fi ed its existence. Several devices have been developed from its laboratories, helping people to fi ght COVID-19. One of them is a handheld-home monitor for COVID symptoms called Syntrofos (from the Greek for Companion). Syntrofos is an electronic device that monitors and measures the main symptoms of COVID A demonstration of various anti-COVID-19 devices in the MEDEL laboratory such as body temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation and so on, and displays the information on a mobile phone, while also sending the data to a remote doctor at the COVID Center. Thanks to Syntrofos, it is possible for everyone to have a personal CO- VID symptoms monitor, at home, 24/7 all year round. Syntrofos will be produ- ced by the startup company MECOnet, www.meconet.me, which is also a de- How Syntrofos is working velopment of MEDEL.

Prof. dr Radovan Stojanović is coordinator of MARDS project, member of Montenegrin HERE team and member of Doctoral Board of University of Montenegro. He is almost for two decades active in reforming higher education system in line with EU policies. He coordinated or sub-coordinated 6 TEMPUS/ERASMUS+, 2 NATO, 1 FP6, 1 FP7, 1 WUS, 1 World Bank and 1 H2020 projects as well as 4 Bilateral and 5 National projects. He is nominated as an expert in EACEA (Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency) from 2005, EURAMET (European Association of Metrology Institu- tes) and Funds for Innovations of Slovakia and Macedonia. His publication score counts more than 300 publications and 1000 citations.

More about Radovan Stojanović: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radovan_Stojanovi%C4%87

http://www.apeg.ac.me/rstojanovic.htm

16 NEO MONTENEGRO 2020 Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Education System of the Faculty of Arts

Sara Arianna Serhatlić owadays, education is consi- Quality assurance and access to online teaching become University of Montenegro Ndered a condition necessary the core of the global issue of the actual education system. for the survival and development Unequal knowledge of digital services and unequal oppor- of every modern society, and onli- tunities for approach to electronic devices, lead to a risk of ne learning is often discussed as intensifying and emphasizing economic and social differen- a growing global phenomenon. Is ces among students during the pandemic. For instance, a online learning really a phenomenon or is it just, until now, a student from a family of worse financial situation may not poorly recognized possibility in the education system, cau- have access to digital devices at all, or most of the time, but sed by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, or a different these devices are necessary for taking part in this model of approach to teaching and learning at national level? teaching. Online teaching requires unlimited internet, quality internet, and possession of a laptop or a computer. Lack The pandemic COVID-19 has drastically altered almost all as- of physical contact and social support from professors and pects of life of all social groups and has brought a number of colleagues may also lead to hardships and inconveniences economic and social consequences. When it comes to stu- experienced by a student, and, in the worst-case scenario, dents, as well as youth in general, the COVID-19 pandemic giving up education. On the other hand, online learning has caused additional difficulties in the fields of education, brings a number of benefits: in this way of learning, shy and learning, employment and mental health preservation. Bearing insecure persons are more noticeable than in the traditio- in mind that students and future generations will “bear the nal form of teaching, students are allowed to study beyond burden” of the long-term economic and social consequences the borders of their country, while staying home, and in a of this crisis, it is necessary to avoid emphasizing social sta- country where classes are held, there are no costs of rent tus and social differences, but also to enable the inclusion and stay, or are reduced to a minimum. This form of learning of young people in the process of building a stronger society provides equal opportunities for persons with disabilities and introducing new measures in order to overcome the cri- to be completely involved in educational activities. It is im- sis. “Disruption” in the approach to education and weaker portant for the education system to be adapted to novelties employment opportunities, as a result of economic decline, and it is also important to take advantage of the opportuni- can lead this generation of students to unstable and uncer- ties that are offered, and in this way, students keep up with tain state on the road to gaining employment, maintaining the new technology, follow global trends and thus increase quality work places and creating personal income. their chances to gain employment and build their professi-

2020 neo montenegro 17 onal careers. Online learning is one of respondents would be students and te- ding it to professors, which makes it the increasingly growing trends in the aching staff. On the other hand, when it much easier for students, but none of systems of education. comes to students of study programmes these options really represents a good which are based on practice, the pande- substitute for live teaching. Since the very outbreak of the COVID-19 mic has provided them with more free pandemic in Montenegro, the University Performing online teaching at the Music time for practicing, and when it comes of Montenegro has actively promoted dis- Academy is a double-edged sword. On to students of study programmes based tance learning platforms, and students the one hand, it enables the students to on theory, the pandemic has provided and professors have relatively easily and read the programme on their own, to le- them with time for examining different successfully adapted to this method of arn it and to perform it, and on the other literature and different aspects of art. working, i.e., participation in teaching hand, the exclusion of a professor from Zoom and Skype platforms are the most and learning. However, despite mainta- that process can be very harmful when it used platforms at faculty of arts, however, ining continuity in online teaching, se- comes to the way of playing, primarily the for some subjects of a practical nature, veral characteristics of some university technique of students, because most of online teaching is unfeasible, because it units – Faculties of arts from Cetinje: requires group teaching and live contact them are at the phase of advancement The Music Academy, Faculty of Dramatic of academic staff with students. in playing, and this represents a turning Arts and Faculty of Fine Arts should be point for producing independent artists taken into account. As the poet Tin Uje- Valentina Tripecki, student trustee of after graduating from the faculty. vić said “Art neither receives nor leaves the Music Academy, considers the pro- Lana Bulatović, student trustee of the the world as it found it”, the COVID-19 blems that students encounter is gro- Faculty of Fine Arts, points out that at pandemic has disrupted the creative up playing and group singing, which this faculty, lectures based on theory and cultural industry, but it has provided imply working in groups of thirty and that do not require work in studios, are new opportunities and greater publicity more students and are impossible to quickly adapted to the current situati- for those who do it online. The cultural be performed online, so that students on, with equally quality results in terms sector is important in terms of econo- remain deprived of some subjects such as orchestra and choir, which are actu- of acquired knowledge. When it comes mic development and employability. It ally crucial for their future professional to the study programme graphic desi- encourages innovation in the economy careers. Bearing in mind that music is gn, where practical teaching is mostly and contributes to a number of other a temporal art, in this regard, online te- related to work on a computer, it was channels for positive social impact that aching has its advantages, such as the easier to communicate with professors is why the importance of its sustainabi- fact that students have enough time to and send those works, which are of a lity is indisputable. understand the music they perform, and digital nature, and to receive an effective In spite of the specificities, online teaching generally enough time to examine the feedback. When it comes to the study can respond to the demands of faculty music itself. However, on the other hand, programmes sculpture, painting and of arts, but to what extent and with how there are more problems that students graphics, it was more difficult. Students much success? It is possible to get an encounter, because to play and to hold do not have an opportunity to make scul- answer to this question by evaluating a class via any application available is ptures with certain materials at home, online teaching during the pandemic almost unfeasible. However, there is a they do not have adequate space, so and by conducting the surveys whose possibility of recording audio and sen- that drawing, painting and making scul-

18 neo montenegro 2020 ptures get disabled. In spite of it, with Bearing in mind all the previously menti- Exposure to pandemics and crises lea- good cooperation between students oned, it is evident that students are not ves long-term effects when it comes to and professors, the maximum quality enabled to regularly attend the classes approach to education, employability, was achieved under the given conditi- foreseen by syllabus and curriculum of mental health and other opportuniti- ons. What is the most important, is the all subjects, but also that this model of es we, as a society, encounter. Stren- daily communication of students and teaching mostly affects the aforementi- gthening public institutions and stren- the exchange of knowledge during the oned faculties. In addition to it, various gthening Government are crucial for lectures, and in this situation, it was not projects related to stage play have been ensuring the well-being of youth and all possible. Students get the most out of postponed: festivals, concerts, exhibitions future generations in these challenging the lectures from each other. Taking into and performances, but also the activities times. Students should take action as account mistakes and quality solutions of Student Councils of faculties of arts. “a connective tissue” in public institu- of their colleagues with whom they work In this situation, it is very important that tions, decision-making processes and on a daily basis, students build their professors inspire students to study, ad- problem-solving processes, to contribute own experiences and develop critical vance and keep up with their tasks and to achieving long-term goals, building thinking, as one of the key traits that a obligations, but also to point out the fairer and more inclusive policy outco- good artist must possess. problems they encounter while studying, mes and creating social “immunity” to Sara Stijović, student trustee of the Fa- so that the whole academic community the challenges imposed by modern age. culty of Dramatic Arts, believes that vir- can create more feasible models of te- All the good that the COVID-19 pandemic tual closeness has opened a window for aching for the study programmes which awakened in us can also be a crucial students to “peer” at the opportunities are substantially different and specific. determinant of our society on the road that the world offers - many free online It is necessary to mention the fact that, to further prosperity. projections, lectures, workshops orga- for many years, faculties of arts have fa- nized for people from all over the world ced the problem related to infrastructu- who love or deal with movie or theatre. re, i.e., spatial capacity, because these On the other hand, this period offered a faculties are established in buildings structure of hundreds of screenplays and of former legateships, whose premises dramatic texts waiting to be written. The are small, making the process of holding movies were not made. The performan- lectures difficult, especially bearing in Sara Arianna Serhatlić is assistant teacher at ces did not take place. Neither actors nor mind the obligation of students and te- the University of Montenegro. She graduated directors had the opportunity to prove aching staff to adhere to the measures the general music pedagogy from the Music themselves to others. Once again, the of the National coordination body for academy at the University of Montenegro. She contagious diseases. In this context, paper became the closest associate of was president and member of Students parlia- the playwrights. Due to their inability to the importance of making an appeal and ment of Montenegro and Executive committee attend quality lectures in a traditional insisting on moving these faculties into of University of Montenegro as well as student form, with the help of professors, stu- the university complex of the Faculties trustee of Music academy. She was holder of dents turned to the fields of research of Arts in Cetinje is evident, since it wo- Ministry of education scholarship and Konrad and learning that they may not have uld represent a great “alleviation” for Adenauer Foundation scholarship. She is cu- had time to reach before. students and academic staff. rrently member of national HERE team.

2020 neo montenegro 19 Teaching Humanities in (Post-)Virtual Era

many instiutes – like ex cathedra teaching – to go virtual and Jelena Knežević University of Montenegro rethink the kinds of effects they achieve. Even though during the first few weeks of global quarantine we could see one well-known professor teaching in front of the puppets and teddy bears claiming that he could not teach without public, the remote teaching proved very quickly he global urge to stay at home in order to prevent pan- to be a real success. Not only that some big online libraries demic spreading of COVID-19 made many university and T were unlocked and offered their content for free, but also the university teachers to change quickly from live to online teaching in order to bring learning content to their students. competent spoken word on world of the spirit in its historical Without big words academia embraced the distance learning manifestations become public and freely available through possibilities that many years were discredited as inadequa- social media channels and went viral making the others un- te and at least insufficient in comparation to live teaching, derstand it without actually studying language, art or litera- especially in humanities, where in spite of the decades of ture. That is how the education of intelligence and knowledge digitalization frontal teaching persisted (for a reason), while became more accessible contributing to the development of rhetorical exercises and vis-à-vis discussion considered to the maturity of the individual and collective formation. be one of the main teaching methods. At the same time the digital teaching of humanities empowe- On one side digital humanities have been acknowledged as red the independent work of students that brought humanities scientific approach of significant critical and theoretical value back to its origins of autonomous learning through following since decades, offering the set of digital tools to empower instruments: research and examination of literature, reading, the research in historical-philological and hermeneutical sci- excerpting, contemplation, applying the mind to the acquisi- ences and challenge their existing theoretical paradigms. On tion of knowledge and devoting oneself to it, what the word the other side, language instruction went globally virtual and “study” actually means. Since the studying shifted from pa- online, using quickly developed and constantly upgraded per to electronic devices, many digital tools were developed platforms. However, teaching of literature, history, philosophy to support students in that way of autonomous learning, or religion obviously needed the global tectonic shift to be- without giving them ready, fabricated knowledge. I will men- come aware of all the tools the virtual era offers. Coronavirus tion only some of them here, drafting roughly their benefits pandemic forced in that way not only all institutions but also for independent learning. Graphic organizers like story and

20 neo montenegro 2020 persuasion map, timeline star of cluster ts some complex reflexive process can for creating and sharing videos with stu- diagram, sequence and KWL chart are be schematized and demystified, while dents or colleagues; online quiz makers helping students to identify and excerpt long notes can be switched with info- and homework platforms as well as chat the different, most important elements graphics. Diagrams like spider or Venn rooms that allowed easier interaction and ideas of the text during the reading. help to compare and contrast, to clarify and discussion participation also for the They are used to organize gathered infor- without simplifying and to effectively student that hesitate to speak live etc. mation in a comprehensive way, compare facilitate communication. The list can All those instruments have not only help or contrast them and prepare them for be extended with document manage- us gone through the time of pandemic writing, learning or presenting. Those ment tools (GSuite, MS office, OneDrive, without losing academic year, but have tools are equally important for teachers Dropbox, and Evernote) that help user to also changed the ruling mindset in the when developing their virtual teaching maintain, store, organize, and manage field of humanistic education and the strategies. all the documents essential to lessons; way humanities see the growing digita- online video tools like YouTube and loom, lization as well as themselves. Like teacher in other disciplines teacher in humanities started to use some of numerous, meanwhile very well-known, online communication tools (zoom, MS Teams, BBB, Skype or Google Meet) as well as online whiteboards in order to boost the student’s engagement in their virtual classroom. However, for work with the abstract concepts and ideas characteristic for the interpretation of the world of spirit, visual teaching strategies could additionally relay on com- piled mind maps, knowledge banks and concept maps helping students to link new knowledge to what they already know. Also, with the help of flowchar-

2020 neo montenegro 21 The paradigm shifted. There is no doubt teacher and other students in a variety References: that our lives will stay suffused with di- of mediums, online form makes it also Berry, David M (2014) Post-digital humanities: easier for students to take time to shape computation and cultural critique in the arts and gital technologies. Virtual reality allows humanities. Educause us to have the experiences of education their consideration and opinions in the Callard, Agnes (2020) What Do the Humanities we want, even if we have to be isola- written form, but do not let them to pro- Do in a Crisis? Annals of Inquiry. The New Yorker, ted, quarantined or out of a group. The crastinate forever. Those skills needed April 11, 2020. online teaching experience during the for life-long personal and professional Govindarajan, Vijay; Srivastava, Anup (2020) What the Shift to Virtual Learning Could Mean pandemic reminded us of nature of stu- success could be the added value to for the Future of Higher Ed. Education, Harvard dying humanities as slow, gradual and traditional humanistic education. Business Review, March 31, 2020. internalizing, deeply involving process, Hetrick Barbara; Marcum, Deanna; Philip M. Kat Online teaching also encouraged teachers (2019) Teaching the Humanities Online. Lessons while uptake on genuinely useful online to reflect their pedagogical assumptions from a Consortium of Liberal Arts Colleges. A tools showed us how it can be done in Report by the Council of Independent Colleges. 68 and practices for all modes of instruction, p., 49 (3). pp. 22-26. accordance with the demands of the new to be creative and expand their pedago- age. Saving time for learning dates, na- gical approaches. This is the practice that mes and events by heart using effective need to be continued in post-virtual era ways of visualization and presentation in order to considered how the lessons makes actually possible what are the learned during the online phase and humanities are all about: identifying, discovered virtual tools can complement isolating and describing phenomena traditional teaching to provide a high- of our spiritual reality in order to inter- quality education. pretate them within the relevant context and understand their role in it as well as the context. And on the other side, e encouraging autonomous learning and Jelena Knežević was born in 1977 in Novi Sad. independent thinking and openness to Literary theorist and assistant professor for Ger- what is foreign and yet close is exactly man literature at the University of Montenegro, what considers the main product of te- Faculty of Philology. PhD in Literary Theory at the University of Belgrade. Through various pro- aching process in humanities. When done jects works on fostering internationalization of properly online courses in humanistic studies at the Faculty of Philology as well as on disciplines not only engage students at presentation of Montenegrin literature in Euro- the same rate as traditional courses do, pe. Teaches also at the University of Belgrade. but help them develop the competen- Publishes in the field of comparative literature, ces of learning independently without German studies and contemporary German and challenging their persistence. Offering a Montenegrin literature, translates from German. lot of opportunities for interaction with Member of HERE since 2017.

22 neo montenegro 2020 Importance of Teachers in HE Reforms: Should Teachers Just Teach or Inspire?

Saša Popović University of Montenegro The changes relate to the re-examination of traditional teaching methods, the adoption of contemporary didactic methods and technical support to the educational process, change in the relation between a provider and a user of educational services, their common relation to nature, as well as the “cultivation of human beings” in the context of the improve- he subject of this analysis is the most fluid constituent of ment of their personal and social well-being. The traditional Tthe educational process - the inspiring lecturer. The aim educational model: read-learn-reproduce, based on an un- of the analysis is, in brief, to examine the notion, context touchable lecturer, non-critical thinking, limited freedom for and significance of an inspiring lecturer in higher education personality profiling and a rigid model of assessment, has reform. This is a lecturer who surpasses the profile of a good only deepened the gap between itself and the labor market. instructor-type lecturer, as well as a lecturer capable of mo- According to various projections, the global community will tivating others. The challenge is to point out, in an inspiring face a growing demand for education. This is certainly a con- way, that the educational process needs good lecturers, who sequence of the world population growth, their longer life are, at the same time, the initiators of its changes. expectancy, changes in the structure of people’s needs, incre- Nowadays, many of the unresolved problems are inherited ased level of emancipation etc. IIASA (International Institute from the past, while, at the same time, the new ones appear. for Applied Systems Analysis)1, which, in addition to the United The complexity of the problem grows over time and conquers Nations, is the most-cited source of population projections, new areas. The education system should be an avenue thro- reveals interesting scenarios in the future movement of the ugh which we face these problems open-mindedly (a scien- world population, according to the level of education (Graph 1). tific method) and with a pure heart (the system of values). Searching for solutions to both types of problems implies a dynamic education system which is future-oriented, encourages creative thinking and has a high potential of transformation. Such an education system could make up for the 1 International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA): shortcomings of the traditional education system. https://ourworldindata.org/projections-of-future-education, 25.11.2020

2020 neo montenegro 23 purposes of this analysis we emphasize sub-goal 4c, which indicates the need to substantially increase the supply of qualified teachers, including through international cooperation for teacher training in developing countries, especially least developed countries and small island developing countries5.

The world’s top higher education institutions (universities, colleges, institutes) have specific visions when it comes to the quality of education. Their common feature is that in their plans and programmes, they have higher expectations of teachers and students, as well as more ambitious educational and research goals, according to changes in the scope Graph 1. Projected world population by level of education, IIASA (2016) Source: https://ourworldindata.org/projections-of-future-education and structure of demand for education.

Graph 1 shows that our world will be education as “the most sophisticated When it comes to supply, the role of te- populated by more and more educated social technology of societal change and acher in the educational process remains people. The projection shows that the targeted evolution”3. Learning is no lon- very important, regardless of its changed number of poorly-educated people will ger a matter of safeguarding physical position in terms of the transition from constantly decline, and that at the end existence, but a lifelong process which, teacher-centered education to student- of this century, the overall world popu- in a formal or informal way, meets the centered education. The teacher still gives lation will be educated to some extent. status, intellectual, spiritual needs and lectures, i.e., conveys the content of the The graph also shows that in 1970, the- other needs of people. re were about 700 million people in the The UN Sustainable Development Agenda 2 Article 26 Universal Declaration on Human world who acquired secondary or post- 2030 in the system of sustainable deve- Rights secondary education. It is expected that, lopment goals (SDG17) recognized the 3 Global Education Futures Report: Educational at the end of this century, the number of Ecosystem for Societal Transformation, published significance of education for the future educated people will increase 10-fold, by Global Education Futures 2018, pg. 2 development of mankind and defined it and that there will be about 7 billion 4 https://sdg4education2030.org/the-goal, within SDG4 Quality Education4, whose s Analysis (IIASA): https://ourworldindata.org/ educated people. projections-of-future-education general goal is “ensure inclusive and The right to education has been reco- equitable quality education and pro- 5 Target 4.c "By 2030, substantially increase the supply of qualified teachers, including gnized as part of fundamental human mote lifelong learning opportunities for through international cooperation for teacher rights2. There is a long development path all”. Within SDG4, the seven sub-goals training in developing countries, especially least developed countries and small island developing from learning as an existential need, to have been recognized, of which, for the States."

24 neo montenegro 2020 curriculum, delivers lectures, in order to The etymological analysis of the word The essence is in the following - the mo- facilitate the process of understanding the inspiration leads us to the root spiritus tive drives the will, and the inspiration content and applying the lessons learned, in Latin, which means spirit, so that in- drives the creativity. We fi nd motives, and performs an assessment of students spiration could be perceived as spiritua- and inspiration fi nds us. The words of (TLA model, TLA - Teaching, Learning and lization i.e., a higher level of perception. Renate Lachmann, uttered in a comple- Assessment). This formal triangle, i.e., However, this Latin word has multiple tely diff erent context, fi t perfectly into the chain of competencies of a teacher, meanings, including breath, breathing, this consideration: “It is about a defi ni- often dominates the essential thing which life. For example, spirometry is the name tion of actions that betray expectations, I called the “3i model”: to awaken in stu- for a test used for assessing the capa- recall astonishment and operate for un- dents, the intellectual enthusiasm rela- city and function of lungs. In that sen- known reasons.⁷ ted to the issues examined, to encourage se, inspiration would mean “breathing The inspiring lecture expands the do- their readiness for fi nding solutions to the life using total lung capacity”, which main of our understanding of reality. problems and support their perseverance leads to the poeticization of this notion. Doubting the facts, revealing paradoxes, in applying obtained results. My hypothesis is that the notion of in- expanding the context, creating a metap- spiration is more related to this second Systemic quantitative and qualitative hor, activating emotion, these are some meaning - breathing, because we say determinants of the profi le of a lecturer of the eff ects of an inspiring approach. in-spiration (the act of breathing) and often cannot comprise, measure and Picture 1 shows the cognitive aspect of not in-spiritation (spiritualization). But reward a rare and an extremely signi- the inspiring approach, which confi rms let the search for an answer to this se- fi cant aspect of a lecturer - the ability the previously mentioned: it is possible mantic hypothesis be an inspiration to to inspire the audience. Su and Wood⁶ to tell the truth, and at the same time, some linguistic researcher. (2012) state that great teachers have not reveal the truth. that extra “something” which they re- fer to as being immeasurable, whereby “... lists of qualities are inadequate as a method to capture it”. The ability of a lecturer, which provides him/her with the highest level of handover of energy and emotions, deep insight into the problem and perception changes, usually remains beyond the norms and is considered a deeply individual trait - charisma.

6 Su, F., & Wood, M. (2012). What makes a good university lecturer? Students’ perceptions of teaching excellence. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 4, 142–155. Picture 1 – Cognitive aspect of an inspiring approach 7 Renate Lachmann (2002). Phantasia - Memoria Source: Google Images - Rethorica. Matica hrvatska, Zagreb, str. 31

2020 NEO MONTENEGRO 25 In addition to the previously mentio- Picture 2 - Hierarchical levels of involvement of a teacher in the educational process ned, inspiration is very important for successful unlearning previous mista- ken assumptions, notions, processes and conclusions. Unlearning is a very important element of learning. The human being learns and unlearns based on his/her life experience. That is why childhood is a happy misunderstanding of the world. The more the educational and intellectual capacities of the human being mature, the more his/her perception of the known world changes. The human being, without doubt, needs the help of a stimulating education system and a creative cultural code.

However, as is stated in the GEF Report, “we cannot teach people to be empathe- tic and emotionally intelligent by remo- ving emotion and focusing primarily on > basic level - instructor: the teacher is arned; presents different perceptions cognitive abilities8.” Both personal and a guide to the curriculum; supports of the studied phenomena; reveals social transformation imply emotion as the learning process; reproducing the inner potentials of students and an integral part of the educational tech- knowledge and searching for repro- helps them use them for personal and nology, and it belongs to the high le- duction of knowledge; his/her parti- social growth and prosperity; encou- vel of involvement of a teacher in the cipation is mostly monologic; rages a dialogue between students; educational process. This means that enriches knowledge with imagination > high level – motivator: the teacher an inspiring lecturer activates spiritual and develops creativity motivates the students to learn and storms in us. He does not convince us (this is the job done by the instructor), resolve complex problems; expands > In order to point out the conditionality he does not stimulate us (this is done the basis of scientific sources; ini- of these three levels, we will present by the motivator), but he awakens us tiates teacher-student dialogue; ar- them using the following graph: gues the significance of learning; uses (the inspirer). The graph 2 refers to the conclusion that assistive technology devices aiming each level of involvement of a teacher According to previous statements, I would at visualizing the issues examined; in the educational process includes the like to suggest the following gradation argues the significance of learning other levels too. Thus, an inspiring te- of levels of involvement of a teacher into and its utilitarianism; the educational process: acher must satisfy all three levels - he/ > higher level – inspirer: teacher gives she must possess a good scientific ba- 8 see the footnote 3), page 16 lectures and unlearns the lessons le- sis for the talent for knowledge transfer

26 neo montenegro 2020 (the basic level), needs to have the ca- You should be brave and love your igno- ge of the nature of the world. It means pability of discovering motives - external rance because it represents a room to that, by the nature of our being, we long factors which stimulate learning (high demonstrate a passion for research and to find out more about the wonder of the level) and the power to change existing self-affirmation? One brave and brilliant world. Wonder is, in fact, revealing the notions of the issues examined (higher thinker went that far in this reflection undiscovered but also the familiar, in level). At the highest level, knowledge and and he said, “Now I know I don’t know its unlimited contingency. imagination merge and we get creation. anything!”. Creation reveals the inner potentials of Various technical possibilities which students and activates their transforma- provide support to the contemporary tion. Bearing in mind that higher level educational process (web presentation, of involvement of a teacher implies his/ video lecture, software support) can si- her exceptional capability of abstraction, gnificantly contribute to transferring a transcendence and spiritualism, by which higher level of inspirational effects of a Saša Popović, PhD, is a full professor at Univer- the deconstruction of familiar knowledge sity of Montenegro, School of Economics, where lecturer to students. Still, it all depends and the construction of new knowledge he holds the position of Head of the Department on his/her charisma. A person who uses are done, the last level is marked with of Finance. He earned a B.Sc. in Economics and computer slides to transfer a text from a dashed line, in order to alleviate the Business at the University of Montenegro and an the book to the projector canvas makes impression of limitation, when marked M.Sc. in Economics and Finance at the Univer- two mistakes: encourages the unattrac- sity of Belgrade. Part of his M.Sc. research was with solid lines. tiveness of a book (learning from slides) conducted at the Birkbeck College, University of This type of gradation may lead to the and degrades the enormous power of London. Upon receiving a Ph.D. specialization conclusion that an inspiring lecturer is pri- visual aid. in Finance and Portfolio Analysis at the Univer- marily focused on revealing new knowled- sity of Belgrade, he conducted his postdocto- Finally, a good auditorium inspires an in- ge. However, this is rather the person ral research at Columbia University, USA, as a spiring lecturer. A good auditorium hints Fulbright Fellow. Currently, he teaches Financial who helps us cultivate the knowledge. at a good lecture. But I do not consider Management, Corporate Finance, Portfolio Ma- In both the known and the unknown, a a good auditorium a meeting of acade- nagement and Stock Market Analysis. He has new thing can be discovered. “The rea- mics who know all the answers to the wide-ranging practical experience in finance, der should be surprised by the familiar”, questions. It is rather the auditorium investing, sustainable development etc. He also Ivo Andrić said. had the position of portfolio manager at UNDP which is ready to discuss, to ask, to do- Montenegro. He is an associate fellow of the If the education is more than learning, ubt, to show a different perception of a World Academy of Art and Science (WAAS) and it should not make education instituti- certain problem. In that way, a lecturer ex-president of the Montenegrin Association ons look like penal institutions, where and students really become co-pilots of Economists. Currently he is a member of the fear of ignorance represents the basis of a continuous flight of research and Montenegro Higher Education reform Expert of a teacher’s authority. Ignorance is a knowledge. Because there is nothing (HERE) team, as well as Board of Doctoral Stu- natural state and a research challenge. more inspiring than a deeper knowled- dies at University of Montenegro.

2020 neo montenegro 27 Practical-based Teaching and Learning in MNE HEIs – are our Graduates Ready to Correspond to Labor Market Practical Skills Required?

Mira Vukčević between universities and business with the modest exception University of Montenegro in ICT. Companies still do not come to the universities to ask for the problem’s solution neither universities are proacting in offering of their expertise. As long as no cooperation exists between university and business sector no one could say for sure what the young graduates should know in order to find a job. We constantly face the discrepancy between what the ven the small countries like Montenegro face the global HE providers think on one side and what graduates and em- trend in labor market development of needs. The labor E ployers discover once the apprenticeship begins. market elsewhere becomes a highly competitive environment especially for newcomers „ fresh graduates “. Despite the fact It is obvious that the first step to be taken is to detect the that they have good educational background it is difficult for skills shotage and adapt the curricula accordingly. In the same them to find the job and meet the requirements of employers. time this is the very start of all the problems in Montenegro. The period between diplomas and the first employee posi- Employers seems not to be aware that the HE cannot deliver tions varies from 2-r months in developed economies till 7 the “full package” in three years while HEIs are still hidden months in average in less developed once. In Montenegro beside their exclusive role of educators without any idea and this period can be measured in years. need to care about labor market needs.

The idea of adapting teaching and learning in HEIs in Mon- Many surveys have been conducted among the employers tenegro is not new but still it seems that all the efforts done and they show that the genrally cherished skills are: team have not met the principal goal yet. working and communication skills, computer skills, adaptability, foreign language skills, some soft skills The educational policies in HE have targeted the need of early practical-based learning through the legislation and the obli- The role of universities is important in shaping today the jobs gation of at least 25% of curricula in the first level of studies that students will have tomorrow which means taking care devoted to the practical trainings of students. not only about the aforementioned general skills but specific skills for the profession by customizing curricula to address But is it just up to the HE providers to resolve this problem in practical issues, creating specific skills that employers are Montenegro or it has to be agenda of wider social dialogue? looking for through a bigger part of practical training within We cannot say that we have a strong and wide cooperation the whole curricula.

28 neo montenegro 2020 In the last accreditation process in 2017 approach where learning methodologies to state-of-the-art labs. Collectively this completely reformed and restructured HE are integrated, lectures are complemen- could ensure that we receive the higher in Montenegro (forced by newly adopted ted by problem-based active sessions. quality of education in fundamental en- legislation also) has adopted a “matching We also have thought about the optimi- gineering fields and medicine (connected skills” approach through the practical– zation of tutorials, practical sessions, with the lab research). based teaching and learning as “must and simulations. Placements are the second choice. Appren- have” in all the curricula: starting from University of Montenegro has made stren- ticeships and the provision of workplace engineering and medicine to the social gthened curricula by inclusion of inter- training (which is typical for some enginee- sciences and humanities. disciplinary expertise (the possibility of ring curricula in Montenegro in duration But what we have three years later is the the choice of totally different subject from of 3-6 months) can help young people mix of understanding of practical teaching another scientific field) as well as elec- to gain useful work-related skills and to and learning among the scientific fields. tive subject. overpass a typical first shock of working There is the different understanding of the environment. These placements also use Still, here we have to be self-critical. The fact that in practical-based training we as the good opportunity for employers to primary idea of modularization of curricula have to combine theory and work expe- get familiar with the skill shortage and which could give the possibility of tailo- rience as the strategy of HE. Some insti- the students themselves before the real red-made curricula and elective modules tutions try to create reflective process employment. Some of the HEIs in Monte- and highly percent of elective courses. Due throughout the duration of learning with negro offer this opportunity of regulated to the lack of personnel, funds and infra- placement to the students. The placement the goal to create a self-sufficient profe- structure this idea has been compromised is highly regulated by the vice deans, fa- ssional who has the capacity to develop. and its performance now is deep bellow culties have regular triple contracts (stu- In some institution’s curricula are created the first idea. The possibility that remains dent-employer-faculty) and students are upon the real placement of students in is still the reconstruction of syllabus and followed by both academic and business the certain duration. innovative personal approach of teachers mentors). The result of the placement Some surveys show that the practice- to the problem of practical-based teaching. should be the report about the techno- based learning and teaching approach Many of the institutions especially in the logical process, solution of the concrete in Montenegro varies from institution field of engineering and medical field have problems, gaining of the administrative to institution. Some have adopted the improved the infrastructure and access skills etc.

2020 neo montenegro 29 Other method that also exist in the fi- References: eld of low in Montenegro is the widely EU skills panorama (2014): Employability and skills of HE graduates Analytical Highlight, adopted method of simulation. At the prepared by ICF and GHK and Cedefop for the EC hearth of the curriculum design we inte- M.Epure, L.C.Mihaes: Adapting teaching and grate technology and multimedia in the learning to the Labor market requirements-A simulation of real circumstances (court Romanian case study, EDULEARN 15 (2015) Barcelona Spain room). This ensures that the theory and Matching Skills and Labor Market Needs Building face-to-face instructions in simulated Social Partnerships for Better Skills and Better environment contribute seamlessly to Jobs, (2014), Davos Kloster, Switzerland each student’s learning process.

Yet the notion that employees new to the workplace will have all the job skills required over the course of their careers is unrealistic. Employers need to have stronger involvement in and ownership of skills, given the importance of helping workers develop and maintain their skills by fully utilizing them Prof. Mira Vukčević (Ph.D in technical scien- Moreover, employers must offer learning ces/material science) has a long experience and capacity building opportunities by in higher education (about 30 years). Actually themselves and ensure that their em- she occupies the position of full professor and dean at the Faculty of Metallurgy and Chemical ployment strategies efficiently select technology. During her academic career she and attract the best students. Promoti- occupied also the position of vice dean and vice on of continuous training (which is not rector. She was also the president of the Natio- typical for Montenegro) leads to positive nal council for the scientific-research activities, spillover effects on the competitiveness member of National Council for qualifications value chain. and the National group for preparation as well as referencing of NQF. She is also the president of national HERE team. Her main research field is powder metallurgy and inorganic polymers as well as composite structures. She has published or presented more than 80 papers in the field of powder metallurgy, composites with metallic matrix, biomaterials, geopolymers

30 neo montenegro 2020 How to Facilitate the Transition from the World of Education to the World of Labour Market of Higher Education Graduates Professional Training Programme for Persons with Acquired Higher Education

Mubera Kurpejović Ministry of Education

n order to better respond to the needs of detailed instructions can be found. Seve- In addition to enabling higher education Ithe labour market, as well as to further ral institutions are involved in the imple- graduates to gain relevant work experi- improve practical knowledge and skills, mentation of this Programme, including ence, the Program provides employers the Government of Montenegro in 2012 the company that prepared the software in the public and private sectors with adopted the Law on Vocational Training of (Ministry of Public Administration, Em- the opportunity to identify the needs Persons with Acquired Higher Education. ployment Bureau, Human Resources Ad- for particular staff, appropriate to their ministration, Ministry of Education and specific activity, and to hire them upon According to the Law, the Programme higher education institutions themselves). completion of professional training. allows for persons with acquired higher education, which are on the records of the Heaving in mind the positive effects that The programme also has impact on the Employment Bureau, to acquire knowled- the Programme has had during the pre- creation of enrollment policy in higher ge, skills and competencies for inde- vious cycle, its implementation conti- education institutions through the feed- pendent work, during the nine-month nued in 2020/2021. The research has back we receive from employers about professional training with the chosen shown that the Programme contributes their needs. employer, in accordance with a speci- to the implementation of the key goal fic programme. For that period, higher which concerns the support for higher education graduates, i.e. beneficiaries education graduates in their transition Mubera Kurpejović (1982 Rožaje, Montenegro) of the Programme, receive a monthly from the world of learning to the world is Deputy Minister and Director-General of the compensation in the amount of 50% of of work, and the increase of youth em- Directorate for Higher Education in Montenegrin the average net salary for the previous ployability. For the last eight years over Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Sport. year. These nine months are recognized 25 000 higher education graduates were She graduated from Faculty of Law at University as 12 months of work experience and as given the opportunity to professionaly of Montenegro and won some important prizes a condition for taking the state ie. pro- develop, and the analyses show that during her study. Until 2006 works for Ministry fessional exam. every year around 50% of beneficiaries of Education. Until 2010 Deputy Minister. She is continue their work engagement with also the President of Commission for Qualificati- One of the good sides of the Programme, the same or other employer. ons, Member of Higher Education Board, Board which is on the agenda of further digita- for Join and Stabilization and Commission for lization of the system, is the electronic From year to year the interest of employers European Integration. She took part in nume- registration of both users and employers for participation in this programme incre- rous projects financed by European fonds and through the eUprava.me portal, where ases. World Bank. She speaks English and Russian.

2020 neo montenegro 31 What did Goethe not See? Or the Education and the Role of an Artist in Contemporary Society

Nikola Latković abstract spheres, it is difficult to break through the initial University Mediterranean sphere of origin, and not to find the so-called God. If we consider the “logos” the starting point of the development of mind, abilities and feelings in human beings, we adhere to determinism, otherwise we adhere to the evolution from which the “logos” originates, and in that way, we spin around the hen and the egg. n the beginning, there was a word, which was certainly wit- Inessed by a typographer – the Czech typographer František Still, at least six millennia of written history of the Mediterra- Štorm jokingly explains the role of art in the development of nean left us enough remnants of material and non-material civilization. This objectively controversial statement, or let us culture, in order to more easily adhere to evolutionism, which say fiction, still contains what is called in any good movie the originates from a series of historically more and more dense psychological truth. Let us consider a few civilization shifts, coincidences. The theory of evolution suggests that life of which will illustrate the role of artists in the development more every individual, from conception to birth, is nothing else but objectively than Mr. Štorm. And finally, let us ask ourselves in accelerated evolution of the species to which that individual this very moment in order to see the challenges placed before belongs to (individuals appear as shapeless unicellular em- an artist and a human being. bryos on which phases of multicellular “colonies” till organi- Our Eurocentric view of the world and the identification of sms with three distinctive basic tissues, from which systems the development of the civilization with the development of of organs and finally, among them, its majesty the backbone, the Mediterranean have its shortcomings, because it often are singled out). Therefore, the ontogenesis of an individual is ignores the imported heritage from the Far East, and later, the accelerated phylogenesis of the species, the evolution says. from the New World. Still, in all the mentioned districts, civi- FInally, the individual is born, which is the beginning of another lizations emerged in relatively the same period and on very revolution – the cultural one. Unlike animal cubs, “human similar, almost identical principles of, at first, agricultural, cub” has a much richer ontogenesis, although at first sta- and then, of every other “industry”. So let us still stay in the ges, it does not differ much from a disoriented kitten, puppy, confines of the Mediterranean. chick… Encouraged by the environment which is a reflection And what happened in that Mediterranean? “Logos” happe- of a millennial phylogeny, it quickly transfers from commu- ned. And as it usually happens with reflections in the highest nication by inarticulate sounds and movements to cultivated

32 neo montenegro 2020 intercourse with the surrounding world in the near future, we – it adopts articulate language, behavior can expect: and all those material and non-material > increasing interest heritage of civilization, in just one word of new generations – culture. in so-called arts Nowadays, “human cubs”, have far more > declining interest to do with the cultural ontogenesis than of new generations those “cubs” born before Gutenberg, Ja- in so-called natural mes Watt, Tesla, Edison... They are born sciences in an increasingly cultivated and stre- ssful environment, whose achievments > infiltration of prin- Steam Engine, invented by James Watt, engraved illustration (depositphotos.com/Morphart) should be reached till adulthood, when ciples of so-called they are expected to mature for a higher art education to the sphere of so- interest in sex. And the current situati- education institution which should teach called sciences on related to the COVID-19 pandemic, according to statements of teachers of them how to move heigher that lath of > migration of forms of learning from the American Institute of Graphic Arts chosen field for their successors. lower levels to higher levels of formal (AIGA), has provoked an increase of men- Nowadays, we at HEIs accept “cubs” who education tal disorders in students of arts. were born into the world whose techno- It seems that increasing reliance on the logicalization has moved the cogniti- machine will lead a human being to the Mark Twain says that history does not re- ve and psychomotor sphere of human novelties which are more fundamental peat itself, but it perfectly rhymes. Today’s life to the digital machine, by which the than the listed ones. South Korea, the moment “perfectly rhymes” with globali- mental capacities were set free for the country with the highest level of techno- zation which can be read from the dawn emotional sphere of life. If we consider logicalization in the world, has already of civilization, from the very beginning the simplified premise that the starting introduced a coded medical diagnosis of this debate. True, that primal proto- point that in the development of an artist “digital dementia” into the health system. globalization was a natural and sponta- this third (affective) sphere dominates On the other hand, research on Ukraini- neous process among isolated cultural over the other two, we can conclude that, an youth, has shown a steep decline of cores, stretching back two millennia.

2020 neo montenegro 33 Today’s globalization was sown with i.e., various experts use the same global the industrial revolution two centuri- (universal) tool – a computer. It is true es ago, and catalyzed by digitalization that computers are machines managed more than two decades ago. The Far East, even by children, but children lack focus the Mediterranean, and the New World and guidance from us, “adult” ones. create an indivisible society for a year. The pandemic, with all its uncertainties, The role of school is constantly growing. has proven to be a global binder, more The average education needed for a smo- effective than all other binders so far. oth existence in society is constantly growing. The formal schooling has got a At the end of the XVIII century, two de- never stronger competitor in free online cades after the steam machine patent, media, whether we want to admit it or Goethe predicted that we, I paraphrase, would have a great factory of images, in not. Today’s “human cubs” are enabled which every piece would be reproduced to resolve virtually every dilemma in just indistinguishable from the original work, a second, by 2 or 3 clicks on the internet. and by completely mechanized processes, Yet, these 2–3 reflexive i.e., uncritical managed by children, and if that should clicks, lead to delusion, very often. The- happen, the eyes of ordinary herd would refore, formal schooling will still remain be deceived, and artists would be deprived a crucial basis of education, but it must of the source of support and an opportu- reconsider its form. The ultimate learning nity to become better. This reflection of outcomes is “learning how to learn”. This

Goethe turned out to be a surprisingly neat phrase appears at higher education accurate prophecy. However, Goethe did institutions, but today it actually belongs not take into account technological deve- to the beginnings of the formal education lopment which, nowadays, has brought of “human cubs”. If they don’t learn that a self-replicating “intelligent” machine, in a primary school, if they don’t validate which, in spite of a number of benefits, Nikola Latković is full professor and Dean at Fa- that in a high school, higher education through its expansion, actually degrades culty of Visual Arts at University Mediterranean knowledge, skills and competences of a institutions cannot teach them that. It in Podgorica. He is experienced teacher with a human being. is too late then. demonstrated history of working in the design industry. Skilled in book design, typography and

Nowadays, it seems that Goethe’s pre-press. Strong professional education with a prophecy can be applied beyond the fields Master of Fine Arts (MFA), Bratislava (Slovakia) of art. Goethe’s prophecy concerns every focused in Graphic Design / Visual Communi- human activity. Today, absolutely every cation. He is the member of national HERE team profession depends on a digital machine in Montenegro.

34 neo montenegro 2020 The New Dimension Of Studing Law In Montenegro Legal Clinics in the Service of Vulnerable Groups: Improving the Employability of Law Students

Aneta Spaić through Practical Education University of Montenegro (ENEMLOS)

of these endeavors were actually aiming at establishing legal Marina Jovićević University of Montenegro clinics that would provide assistance to live clients. Accordin- gly, both previous and currently existing models of clinical legal education were reduced to simulation of work with live Introduction clients and analysis of cases both with the academic staff and guest lecturers (local legal practitioners). This project has After the completion of the project Curricula refreshment, set clinical legal education at the FoL UoM to entirely new, boosting of international cooperation and improving human, different level. It involves not only small groups of students, technical and library resources (CABUFAL), the sustainability professors and legal practitioners but an indefinite number and continuation of Europeanisation and strengthening of the of Montenegrin citizens - non-professionals. This is envisa- curriculum of the Law School has been ensured through the ged as the indispensable new value that makes it visible and project approved by EACEA in 2019: Legal Clinics in Service locally and nationwide important. Thus, the ENEMLOS will be of Vulnerable Groups: Enhancing the Employability of Law beneficial not only to the Faculty of Law of the UoM but to the Students through Practical Education (ENEMLOS), supported Montenegrin state and society, having in mind the circum- under the Erasmus+ Capacity Building Program in Higher Edu- stance that it is the only state law school in Montenegro as cation. This project has been envisaged as the credible step well as a law school with a largest number of law students in forward in the quality of practical training offered to students Montenegro. The project allows academic staff and other edu- of the Faculty of Law. This is one of the largest projects of the Faculty of Law of the UoM. cators to acquire new competences, which systematically be transferred to students and will have positive impact on their The relevance of the ENEMLOS and its impacts on legal studying and employability after graduation. Knowledge of education law itself is essential to the practice of law but practical skills The clinical legal education has been inaugurated in 2000 at are particularly important, so the new legal clinics program Law School University of Montenegro. Throughout the years, will contribute to students’ practical capacities. By the ENE- a number of endeavors to integrate clinical legal education MLOS, students will now be given an excellent opportunity to into the FoL UoM curricula have been made. However, none obtain practical skills necessary for their future professional

2020 neo montenegro 35 development and advancement. This education presented in EU countries as the Erasmus+ Info Days in Montenegro will have a branching effect on all legal well as UK. The final result will be the the Faculty of Law of the UoM organized professions in Montenegro, which will combination of the clinical education of the promotion of the project through the benefit from new knowledge that young the Commonwealth countries such as UK production of a brochure that was distri- lawyers will bring to their profession. and some of the oldest legal clinics in buted to students, teachers and partners One of the most important benefits of continental Europe like Poland as well participating in the project. Therefore, the project is the access to legal advice as Croatia as a country that is historically the planned preparatory activities have and information of poor and socially and legally very close to Montenegro but been successfully done. disadvantaged groups of society that already has a developed legal clinical In addition, the training activities have do not have sufficient financial means education. The Faculty of Law of the Uni- been realized online with great success, and cannot get information in any other versity of Montenegro is implementing in order not to cause major project de- way simply because they cannot afford this project together with the academic lays. Namely, in the period from 7th to a lawyer. Namely, there is a strong need partners from Kosovo and non-academic 9th December 2020, an online training in Montenegro for this type of legal aid institutions from Montenegro and Ko- performed by the Faculty of Law in Zagreb since the existing social situation leaves sovo. Exceptional cooperation with the was held through the ZOOM platform, many persons without sufficient financial Erasmus Program Office in Montenegro with the participation of several relevant capacity in order to obtain professional for the purpose of logistics during the legal advice and representation. On which lecturers and students from Zagreb in- project has been established. will have a long-term impact on the legal volved in clinical legal education. A large education in Montenegro. ENEMLOS ongoing activities number of teaching staff from the Faculty of Law, representatives of non-academic Partners of the Law School in the When it comes to the implementation partners from Montenegro and students ENEMLOS of the project, the first of the three-year of the Faculty of Law attended this three- The ENEMLOS has projected rather big project implementation is currently un- day training. More succinctly, over 60 number of the academic and non - aca- derway. The preparation activities were professors, judges, lawyers, notaries, demic partners. Although aware of the successfully realized following the envi- judicial officers, prosecutors, mediators difficult the project includes three emi- saged timing. Preparatory measures re- and students attended the training. This nent higher education institutions that garding the analysis on the clinical legal was the opportunity to hear and learn successfully deal with clinical legal edu- education in Montenegro and Kosovo have about the experience of the Faculty of cation, especially working with real cli- all been implemented and presented du- Law in Zagreb, whose lecturers made a ents, namely: The Faculty of Law of the ring the kick-off meeting held in Budva great effort to extensively share all their University of Zagreb, the Regents Uni- in February 2020. The project dissemi- experiences and discuss all the relevant versity of London as well as the Polish nation activities have been successfully issues with Montenegrin participants. Legal Clinics Foundation. These insti- conducted - the project identity has been The training was successful and signi- tutions will provide the best education developed via design and exposure of ficantly contributed to the education of and practice in the field of clinical legal the project as well as its website. Within future mentors who will run the clinics.

36 neo montenegro 2020 The training took place online also from The aims envisaged within the project competitions in the field of Commercial 14th to 16th December 2020 for Kosovo description, however, will remain and and international law. academic and non-academic project par- the Law School with all its partners – tners. The procurement of the equipment academic and non-academic ones, will is planned to be purchased and installed. invest all efforts to fulfil the following: The library will be enriched with the latest modernization and streamlining of the Aneta Spaić is full professor at the Faculty of Law, literature in the field of EU law. With all existing teaching practice, enhancement University of Montenegro. After her bachelor’s above stated, it is to conclude that the of the overall capacity of the Law Scho- degree in law in Montenegro, she pursued her project activities envisaged for the first ol, the quality legal education based Masters in Law at Kyushu University (Fukuoka, year have been successfully implemen- on best European practices in clinical Japan) as a scholar of the Japanese Government. ted regardless of the current emergency legal education, establishment of the In 2004 she was elected for a teaching assistant situation. new mechanisms of cooperation, inter- and worked as the Administrative assistant in Further steps towards the full linking of the higher education insti- Center for human rights. About the same time implementation of ENEMLOS tutions, ensuing the strong incentive she became a laureate of the Montenegrin Aca- for the higher education institutions, demy of Science and Art. In 2009, she obtained The occurrence of the COVID -19 has po- establishment of the long-term sustai- her Ph.D. from the Law Faculty of University of stponed the project activities within the nable cooperation with judiciary, Nati- Montenegro in Podgorica. Since 2014 she is a Development of the project phase sche- onal Prosecutor’s office and number of member of Global Young Academy. She expe- duled for the first year. Some of the pro- rienced teaching law in law schools and un- professional associations, enabling stu- ject implementation such as study visits dergraduate forums, having taught Internati- dents to gain practical knowledge thro- to the project partner countries are on onal Business Law at Washington and Lee Law ugh practical experience, ensuring the hold, as the COVID-19 circumstances School, Lexington, VA. She is the author of a practical educational component, gaining hinder their realization. Therefore, the monograph entitled “Legal Aspects of Mitiga- new legal skills, valuable experience and ting Risks in Project Finance” and co-author of study visits planned to take place in Za- knowledge to students, preparing them several monographs and writer of significant greb, London and Poland, must be on for the legal market, exposing them to number of articles in the scientific, professional put on hold, prolongated and realized the future employers from all legal pro- international and national journals. Her areas of once conditions are met, depending on fessionals, enhancing employability of interest are: International Business Law, Inter- the pandemic situation. the law students after the completion of national Contract Law, International Commercial In the future time period, the envisa- the legal education, enabling the wider Arbitration, Media Law, EU Law. community – specially vulnerable clients ged activities are to be rescheduled. Marina Jovićević, PhD, is teaching assistant at The consortium will request, group will to protect their rights through legal aid University of Montenegro, Faculty of Law. She require, from the EACEA, approval for pro bono, generating the change in the was awarded as the best student at all the study the prolongation of the project for one society through the offer of legal clinics, levels as well as with the Scholarship of Montene- extra year, so that the final year of the facilitating the identification of the can- grin Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Scholarship project will be 2022. didates for the international moot court of Foundation Konrad Adenauer.

2020 neo montenegro 37 The Significance of the Faculty of Law on the EU Integration Path of Montenegro

ve of Montenegro. This is especially confirmed by the acti- Aneta Spaić vities undertaken aiming at strengthening the international University of Montenegro visibility by harmonizing the platform of work priorities with modern requirements of internationalization. With energetic Andreja Mihailović adaptability, the Faculty readily responded to the challenges University of Montenegro posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. It stayed consistent in the ensuing the quality of its pedagogical vocation and strong profiling with integrative processes. As a generator of reform processes, the Faculty has achieved in this turbulent social Introduction and period not only a positive continuity, but a noticeable dynamization of project activities. The Law School of the University of Montenegro is the first and only state law school in Montenegro. For almost half a The role and the impact of the Capacity Building of the century, the Law School has been recognized as the provider Faculty of Law, University of Montenegro – curricula refreshment, boosting of international cooperation of the quality legal education and the generator of the in the and improving human, technical and library resources most eminent lawyers in the country. Throughout the time it (CABUFAL) has been successfully confirming its unequivocal commitment to the quality of the teaching process and the establishment The first tremendously significant step towards the europe- of fundamental values of the legal system. Since the Octo- anization of the Law school University of Montenegro is re- ber 15, 2007 when the Stabilization and Association Agree- lated to the project “Capacity Building of the Faculty of Law, ment was signed between the European Communities and University of Montenegro – curricula refreshment, boosting their Member States, and Montenegro, legal, political and of international cooperation and improving human, technical economic development of Montenegro has been envisaged, and library resources” – CABUFAL. The project has been de- in accordance with the principles of the rule of law, human termined as the has established a stable framework for long- and civic freedoms, and economic freedoms in Montenegro. term institutional and academic international cooperation. Along with the state politics, the Law School has proven its In this way, the novel program orientation strengthened the strategic commitment to the EU integration path, as a path potential for conquering new scientific research spaces and without an alternative in the mosaic of global community in- gave impetus to continuous work on improving the curriculum. tegration, with its role of helmsman in terms of improving the By focusing on mobility, the competencies, competitiveness scientific environment and refining the European perspecti- and multicultural awareness of students have been raised

38 neo montenegro 2020 while approaching the needs of the EU Continuation of the Europeanization legal advice. Bearing in mind that the market. Thanks to the valuable experi- via Legal Clinics in Service of Judicial Reform Strategy 2019-2022 and ences of eminent partners: the Europe- Vulnerable Groups: Enhancing the the Action Plan for its implementation an Institute of the Saarland University, Employability of Law Students 2019-2020, within the Strategic goal 4: Regent’s University London, Faculty of through Practical Education Strengthening accessibility, transpa- (ENEMLOS) Law in Skopje, Universities of Ljubljana, rency and public trust in the judiciary, Zagreb and Split, the Faculty of Law re- A credible step forward in the quality of envisages the improvement of the free ceived an innovative institutional design practical training offered to students of legal aid system, there is a well-founded through curriculum modernization and the Faculty of Law was provided throu- ambition that the clinics of Law faculti- Europeanization. Through this project, gh a large international project “Legal es in the foreseeable future are legally the overall technical capacities of the Clinics in Service of Vulnerable Groups: authorized as providers of free legal aid. Faculty of Law of the University of Monte- Enhancing the Employability of Law Stu- Experiences in this field were presented negro have been modernized through the dents through Practical Education” (ENE- at a recent training, conducted by profe- purchase of new computer equipment, MLOS) which was launched in 2019 with ssors and students of the Faculty of Law enrichment of the library fund with prin- the support of Erasmus+ programme for in Zagreb, thanks to which the teaching ted publications on EU law and access capacity building in the field of higher staff of the Faculty in Podgorica gained to prestigious databases of scientific li- education. Under the mentorship of Eu- insight into various modalities of clini- terature (EBSCO, HeinOnline). Increased ropean institutions with representative cal education that can be included in availability of literature is of paramount results in the field of clinical law edu- their curricula. importance for the research activity of the cation (Faculty of Law of the University Further fostering Europeanization via teaching staff, which reflects the growth of Zagreb, Regent’s University London tinnier, relevant and vital projects in the number of published papers in in- and University Centre for Legal Clinics in - Jean Monnet the Law of the EU ternational journals indexed in leading Warsaw), it is expected that the Faculty Internal Market, Possibilities and databases. In addition, significant bene- of Law will achieve key project goals: justification of introducing a system fits in the project were achieved by other innovation of teaching practice throu- of undisguised liability in the health reference institutions in Montenegro - the gh the development of practical skills, system of Slovenia and Montenegro Judicial Council and the Training Centre increased cooperation with other project - Comparative legal analysis, Legal in the Judiciary and State Prosecutor’s participants, establishment of platforms responsibility in relation to the environment - preventive and curative Office - through improving the quality of for exchange of mutual experiences, sti- measures in light of environmental their educational capacity and harmoni- mulation of interests of their students, and energy legislation zation with current European trends. In profiling according to the needs of the that way, the realization of the project labour market, as well as affirmation of The Europeanization of the curriculum fulfilled the expectations of all actors philanthropy and wider social responsi- of the Law School has been set as the and made them important factors in the bility - by helping vulnerable categories main goal of the CABUFAL project. It has EU integration process. to protect their rights by providing free further been confirmed by EACEA, with

2020 neo montenegro 39 the approval and recognition of the ENE- approved to the Faculty of Law in 2020 Programme for Human Rights MLOS for the future development of the the following projects: “Possibilities and Education for Legal Professionals Law School. The last and final strong im- justification of introducing a system of (HELP) petus to the development of the Faculty undisguised liability in the health system Diverse project activity which has been was sent by the Education, Audiovisu- of Slovenia and Montenegro - compara- initiated with the CABUFAL activity, has al and Culture Executive Agency of the tive legal analysis” or »No -fault« system been further enriched with the special European Commission with the approval of responsibility in the health system, incentives for the development of in- of the Jean Monnet Module project in which will be implemented by professors tellectual skills, creativity and original the Law of the EU Internal Market. Thus, and researchers from the Faculty of Law argumentation of its students through the Faculty of Law has joined the club of the University of Montenegro and the prize competitions for the best essays of prestigious faculties in Europe, North Faculty of Law in Maribor, as well as the on current topics. On the occasion of the America and Asia, which are users of this project of the Faculty of Law of the Univer- Student’s day, a competition was held globally recognized platform for support of sity of Montenegro “Legal responsibility on the topic “Freedom of expression vs. academic excellence, communication on in relation to the environment - preven- political correctness” where students European issues, innovation and exchan- tive and curative measures in light of problematized the issue of freedom of ge of experiences. The implementation environmental and energy legislation”. expression in modern society, the pro- of this project will last until 2023 and With this project, the Faculty of Law will cess of its realization, as a projection of will additionally emphasize the efforts contribute to raising awareness of the prospects for the development of politi- of the Faculty of Law towards building importance of climate change, as the cal correctness. In cooperation with the its European identity. The target group greatest threat to global development, “International Residual Mechanism for of this project are master’s students with as confirmed by the latest Global Risk Criminal Tribunals - Interuniversity Co- outstanding results in their studies that Report of the World Economic Forum operation Program”, the Faculty also make them competent for leading roles (WEF). In addition, special attention announced a competition for the best in the process of harmonization with the will be paid to the analysis of the regu- student essays on the topic “Challenges Acquis Communautaire. In addition to latory framework of the energy system, of human rights protection in the context teaching activities in terms of students primarily having in mind the expressed of the COVID-19 pandemic”. In this way, acquiring professional skills, the project determination of the EU in its mission students’ critical thinking is provoked re- also includes scientific research and to transition from the use of fossil fuels garding the perception of challenges in journalistic activities of academic staff, to low carbon economy and achieving achieving human rights protection in the as well as organizing guest lectures and climate neutrality by 2050. crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, panel discussions on various topics of analyzing cases of identified and poten- importance for the EU internal market. Strengthening the European values in cooperation with the tial human rights violations, especially In addition, the Ministry of Science of International Residual Mechanism for personal data protection (as an element Montenegro and the Public Agency for Criminal Tribunals – Interuniversity of privacy), and legitimate aspects of Research of the Republic of Slovenia Cooperation Program and European restrictions or temporary suspensions

40 neo montenegro 2020 of certain human rights, with special the ECHR; practice and enforcement of emphasis on preserving the values of ECtHR judgments; anti-discrimination; a democratic society. In addition, the alternative measures of detention; bio- cooperation of the Faculty of Law with ethics; anti-trafficking, data protection the International Residual Mechanism and privacy rights; combating racism, Aneta Spaić is full professor at the Faculty of Law, for Criminal Tribunals was implemented xenophobia, homophobia and transpho- University of Montenegro. After her bachelor’s through two cycles of inter-university bia; procedural measures of protection degree in law in Montenegro, she pursued her lectures through which students had the in criminal proceedings and the rights of Masters in Law at Kyushu University (Fukuoka, opportunity to listen to the most promi- victims; labour law; family law; freedom Japan) as a scholar of the Japanese Government. nent experts in this field. of expression; hate speech; internatio- In 2004 she was elected for a teaching assistant and worked as the Administrative assistant in In addition to it, the constant strengthe- nal cooperation in criminal matters and a number of other topics of importance Center for human rights. About the same time ning of the quality of the teaching pro- she became a laureate of the Montenegrin Aca- for the education of current and future cess and the development of internatio- demy of Science and Art. In 2009, she obtained legal professionals. nal cooperation, the Faculty of Law also her Ph.D. from the Law Faculty of University of shows a special sensibility towards the Instead of Conclusion Montenegro in Podgorica. Since 2014 she is a extracurricular activities of its students, member of Global Young Academy. She expe- with which they can additionally enrich The Law School has successfully con- rienced teaching law in law schools and un- their work biography. Accordingly, the firmed its consistency in the role of the dergraduate forums, having taught Internati- Faculty regularly motivates its students scientific pivot and pillar on the EU inte- onal Business Law at Washington and Lee Law to attend courses and trainings under gration path of Montenegro. It’s devotion School, Lexington, VA. She is the author of a monograph entitled “Legal Aspects of Mitiga- the auspices of credible international has been proved and seen as ready to ting Risks in Project Finance” and co-author of organizations. A glaring example is the respond to all challenges at a time when several monographs and writer of significant e-learning platform of the European Pro- the world is facing the pandemic crisis number of articles in the scientific, professional gramme for Human Rights Education for which has rather hindered the ordinary international and national journals. Her areas of functioning of the whole worlds. Further Legal Professionals (HELP) for training interest are: International Business Law, Inter- strengthening the quality of the teaching in human rights, methodology and key national Contract Law, International Commercial concepts of the European Convention process, innovative scientific research, Arbitration, Media Law, EU Law. on Human Rights with a focus on vario- establishing bridges of international co- Andreja Mihailović, PHD, teaching assistant at the us areas of Council of Europe activity. operation and intensive activities in the University of Montenegro. She was awarded as The Faculty of Law expressed its reco- field of internationalization will remain the Best Student at the University of Montenegro the basic postulates of the Law School gnition of the quality of this initiative and with Aristide Theodoridis Foundation Award by inviting its students to expand their and it will provide a legitimate basis for for the best Article in the field of history of law. knowledge through a set of high-qua- its further positioning and recognition She was granted with Research Scholarship of lity and customized content of the HELP on the European educational and sci- British Scholarship Trust. Her Field of interest: program in the field of: key concepts of entific map. public law and ecology law.

2020 neo montenegro 41 Digital Entrepreneurial Nest and Industry 4.0 in Montenegro

Ramo Šendelj University of Donja Gorica Ivana Ognjanović University of Donja Gorica ness models in every industry, and thus, every region needs responds to the specific needs of their industry to go digital.

In this paper we present key ideas, goals and objectives of new Erasmus+ CBHE project Digital Entrepreneurial Nest and Abstract Industry 4.0 in Montenegro. The EU counties are at much higher level of development and already established coopera- In order to stay competitive on global level, Europe must move tion models between HEIs and industry sector. Therefore, for faster and more decisively to digitize its industry. Digital inno- Montenegro it is of crucial importance to make comprehensive vations must be embedded in and embraced by companies overview and understanding of EU practices, analyze existing of all types, sizes and capabilities, and across all industry situation at national level and develop best-suiting approach. sectors and regions of Europe. This has to be done sensiti- vely, in a way that addresses the many and varying needs of Keywords: Industry 4.0, Digital skills, Digital Entrepreneurial businesses across the innovation spectrum. Access to highly Nest, EU standards. skilled workers, including through up-skilling and re-skilling of the existing workforce, will be key. And much more has to be done to capitalize on the many existing digitization ini- 1. Introduction tiatives already underway at regional, national and European Higher Education Institutions and research centers have a key levels, including within industry. leading role in process of digitization of industries, strengthe- The 4th industrial revolution is unfolding worldwide, opening ning cooperation with national economies, providing expert up new horizons driven by new-generation digital technolo- knowledge and support to their local industries, as well as gies. The digital revolution brings opportunities for big and helping them to cooperate with innovators, investors and small companies across Europe, but many of them, especi- customers all across Europe and globally. There is no unique ally SMEs, still find it difficult to make the most out of it. This framework for implementation of digitization of industries, change of paradigm has a profound impact in economies and thus the modernization of HEIs to meet assigned lea- and societies, transforming products, processes and busi- ding role in the process is not clearly and uniquely specified.

42 neo montenegro 2020 On the other side, EU countries are at the new digital economy. The situation 1. In June 2018, the Digital Agenda for much higher level of development and in Europe is critical in this respect and WBs was launched with focuses on already established cooperation mo- is the subject of numerous reports and strengthening the digital economy dels between HEIs and industry sector. studies. Some headline figures serve to and society and boosting research Therefore, for Montenegro it is of cruci- illustrate the point: and innovation as a key role to play al importance to make comprehensive in this effort; > 37% of the EU workforce has insuffici- overview and understanding of EU prac- ent digital skills; 13% have no digital 2. In July 2018, the “Measures in suppor- tices (focusing on different regions and skills at all; ting of a Digital Agenda for the Western countries), analyze existing situation at Balkans” sets out five main areas national level and develop best-suiting > Employment of ICT specialists have to be covered by the Digital Agenda approach. That is a reason why resulted grown by 2.9 million in the EU over for the WBs. The project covers the model and experience in its development, the last 10 years; following 3 of 5 main areas: implementation, testing and evaluation > 40% of enterprises trying to recruit ICT > Improvement of Digital skills. Digi- will present significant added value for professionals have difficulty doing so. EU digital community, potentially appli- tal skills are necessary for the deve- cable to other Western Balkans and EU As stated in the Report “Digitising Euro- lopment of the digital economy and sub-regions and countries. pean Industry progress so far” (March society. Having in mind that the Uni- 2018) European countries are at different on and the Western Balkans alike are levels of development and development suffering from a growing professional 1.1. Analysis of EU of regions should be enforced with focus ICT skills shortage and a digital lite- on supporting less developed countries racy deficit, improvements of digital The European Commission launched the and regions. Even WBs have been signi- skills are necessary. Digitising European Industry (DEI) initiative ficantly improved in terms of innovation in 2016, coordinating with Member Sta- performance in the last ten years, more > Trust, Cybersecurity, Capacity buil- tes and regions towards common goals. significant steps are still needed in or- ding and Digitisation of industries, One of key elements of the DEI initiative der to catch up with digitizing industry to ensure that all sectors benefit from are Digital Innovation Hubs (DIHs). DIHs of other European regions. digital innovation. Trust and security act as one-stop-shops where SMEs and are at the core of the Digital Single mid-caps can test the latest digital tech- Market Strategy and a precondition nologies and get training, financing ad- 1.2. Analysis Western Balkan region to develop the digital economy in vice, market intelligence and networking and Montenegro: Europe. opportunities to improve their business Furthermore, European Commission in > The adaptation, implementation and through digital innovations. several documents defined and sugge- enforcement of the acquis in the area Digitization brings an associated need sted measures needed to be implemen- of the digital single market. In line for upskilling of the workforce across ted for WB region, as follows: with the relevant provisions of the

2020 neo montenegro 43 Stabilisation and Association Agree- A modernised and competitive state is a horizontal sector as it provides busi- ments, the Western Balkans partners based on three key strategic directions, ness and technological support to other are responsible for the alignment of as follows: priority sectors. By investments, as well their national law to the relevant EU as through development of innovative > Health MNE. Healthy Montenegro is acquis. and research potential in the selected a society of technology for health, priority areas, new opportunities will 3. The Joint Research Centre (JRC) in welfare, science, regional coopera- be created for Entrepreneurial activi- supporting an Innovation Agenda tion and peace. ties and development of a Knowledge for the WBs suggested the following > Digitised MNE. In accordance with based economy. key instruments: (i) capacity-building the Industrial Policy of Montenegro activities for technology transfer, in by 2020, the national Strategy of particular through specialised works- Development of Information Soci- 2. What is Alredy Implemented hops, tools and instruments specifi- in Montenegro? cally designed to assist the academic ety (2016/2020), and the national Strategy of Cyber Security of Monte- institutions in the regional economies; In accordance with the strategic directi- negro (2018-2021), strategic directi- (ii) support to transnational collabo- ons of development defined at national on of Digitalised MNE should enable ration and linkages in the context of level, two Montenegrin Higher Education EU macro-regional strategies; and (iii) reaching the standards of the EU that Institutions, University of Montenengro data quality enhancement. are related to Digital Agenda, Single and University of Donja Gorica, where Digital Market Strategy and the new 99% of Montenegrin students study and EU Industrial Policy Strategy. which employ 99% of scientists, have The strategic vision of development of > Sustainable MNE. Strategic direction updated their strategic and development Montenegro is based on the increase of Sustainable Montenegro relates goals in order to provide Montenengro of competitiveness of the economy. A to the fulfilment of the constitutio- with adequate able to realize the set developed and competitive economy nal provision on Montenegro as an national strategic goals: is founded on knowledge and resources ecological state. > Education and research is primary that should be utilised through related focused on priority fields: (i) Sustai- priorities of the Smart Specialisation Stra- Pursuant to the strategic development nable agriculture and food value cha- tegy. Montenegro is the only one country vision of Montenegro, through the appli- in; (i) Sustainable and health tourism from wb region that has adopted Smart cation of S3 methodology and conduc- i (iii) ICT; Specialisation Strategy and implements ting of the Entrepreneurial Discovery defined activities on planned and orga- Process, four priority areas have been > EU support and CBHE grants are alre- nised manner. Furthermore, monitoring defined: (i) Energy and sustainable envi- ady used for significant innovations and implementation of goals, measures ronment; (ii) Sustainable agriculture and of study programs and curricula re- and initiatives, are connected with the key food value chain; (iii) Sustainable and forms, aimed on capacity building and medium-term priority: EU membership. health tourism and (iv) ICT, where CT is human development in priority fields

44 neo montenegro 2020 > Research capacities are strengthened centres in process of digitisation at eu > Governmental institution by support of the Government and level: leaders in strengthening coopera- > Companies and other stakeholders relevant ministries through establis- tion with national economies, capable to hment of three Centre of Excelence provide expert knowledge and support to (CoE): (i) BIO-ICT, as the first CoE in their local industries, as well as to help 3.1. Research Centers and Universities Montenegro, creates a specific inno- them to cooperate with innovators, in- vative ecosystem focused on deve- vestors and customers all across Europe > Students- young generations of fu- lopment and implementation of novel and globally. However, collaboration and ture professionals need to acquire bioinformatics technologies, while networking are also essential to ensure practical knowledge and skills, as the contacts for the following two best practices can be exported to other well as encouraged for innovative ide- centres are signed: (ii) CEBIMER- CoE regions, and missing expertise can be as and entrepreneurship, educated for biomedical research at University imported, ensuring an efficient innova- and skilled either to start own busi- of Montenegro, and (iii) FoodHub- tion ecosystem. nesses or get employed in different digitized sectors at national/inter- CoE for Digitizing Food Security Risk All we mention above is a reason why Assessments and Accurate Certifica- the project is focused to support Mon- national level. It is of crucial impor- tion of Food Products at University of tenegro to maximise the benefits from tance to provide them highly skilled Donja Gorica; digital technologies in priority fields of with practical experience in relation to recent technological trends and > In May 2019 University of Donja Gorica agriculture and health while ensuring use of existing capacities and resources in digitization initiatives; made own investment in launching supporting adaptation of students and Entrepreneurial Nest, aimed on suppor- > Academic staff members- as key pro- future leaders, higher education institu- ting students’ business ideas; viders of knowledge transfer activiti- tions and business sector to digital area. es, academic staff members need to > Ministry of Science signed agreement 3. Target groups have specialized knowledge as requ- to join regional project SEEIST- South ired for implementation of industry East European International Institute The challenge in knitting together all digitization, as well as have close for Sustainable Technologies these different elements is huge and cooperation with national economy DigN€st project is designed to provide > HE evaluation committees at natio- in order to provide support to local support to addressing the needs of the nal level defined key suggestions for industries and help them to coope- target groups in MNE. Target groups are further development: strengthening rate with innovators and customers identified in accordance with both EU of relations between higher education all across Europe and globally; trends and the needs at national level, institutions and the wider economic as follows: > Authorities- exchange of knowledge and social environment. and experience aimed on building own > Research Centers and Universities All aforementioned is in line with iden- capacities, integration with available tifiedroles of universities and research > Clusters, Companies and SMEs resources at national/international

2020 neo montenegro 45 level in order to complement with idea generation, over presentation, to this end, the following two dimensions experts in missing fields for the insti- advisory support in development and are of crucial importance: (i) access to tution, as well as continual work on implementation. relevant education and training offers innovations. Missed expertise shall and providers, and (ii) recruitment of Furthermore, staff members need support be imported, thus ensuring creation young professionals highly skilled in in improving their skills and existing of efficient innovation ecosystem. recent technological trends and digiti- approaches in modernization of educa- sed approaches in different segments University of Donja Gorica already iden- tion and training and better anticipate of industry. tified the need for supporting students’ skills needs of industry; how to work with ideas and launched Entrepreneurial Nest industry partners to discuss individual Chamber of Economy of Montenegro (in May 2019), while essential support needs (e.g., competency-based learning, together with other relevant national for enhancing services in digitized are etc.) and finally how to support expert institutions already started with acti- is needed: support to the whole proce- and innovative knowledge transfer to ons aimed on rising awareness about ss of development and implementation industry and market as a support to di- digitization and boosting national com- of entrepreneurial ideas in the fields of gitization process. panies to start the process. Their need agriculture and health, specialized edu- is primarily in supporting development High Education Institutions authorities cation and training, creation of services of digital capabilities in organizations are focused on internationalization, stren- for SMEs in digitization processes, etc. and mapping digital expertise across gthening institutional capacities in prio- different organisations, identification Students from Montenegrin High Edu- rity fields, continual improvements and of gaps and recognizing where digital cation Institutions need support in gai- updating of educational and strategical expertise adds value. ning knowledge and skills to meet skills approaches in order to follow international needs of industry, more flexible settings trends and development processes etc. to address the future work environment, 3.3. Governmental institution etc. Students’ innovative ideas may ori- ginate from several sources: (i) research 3.2. Clusters, Companies and SMEs Governmental institution authorities work and results at HEIs and inclusion of and workers at leading positions (e.g. Their key need is in better reach out to students in projects and CoEs, (ii) educa- Directors of Directorates for ICT, Direc- SMEs and industry, in order to: (i) im- tional processes at HEIs, (iii) participa- tors of Directorates for Quality, etc.) have prove their own businesses, (ii) extend tion and conferences and other events the needs in increasing knowledge and the market, and (iii) cooperate with EU focused on innovations, (iv) internatio- adapting experiences from leading EU companies in order to digitize own bu- nalization: study visits and placements countries in digitization of healthcare siness processes. in companies/HEIs, (v) cooperation with and agriculture and implementation of industry, and (vi) other self-effort activi- Furthermore, digitization brings an asso- S3, respectively, cooperation of HEIs with ties. Therefore, students need support ciated need for upskilling of the workforce economies, cooperation of HEIs aimed on in each of those activities, ranging from across the new digital economy, and to creation of highly skilled workforce, etc.

46 neo montenegro 2020 3.4. Companies and other cation of best suiting digitization products future experts and the workforce are stakeholders ensuring highest quality and safety in adapting to the digital area. cooperation with external subcontractors Companies and other stakeholders need Specific the project objectives are: as well as with end users (citizens); while to (i) improve existing products/servi- managers of production processes need > Strengthening the relation between ces, (ii) create/implement new techno- (i) support in identification of how existing logically enhanced products/services higher education institutions and na- business process can be integrated and thus contributing to digitization of bu- tional economy in Montenegro throu- which digitized services/products are siness process and increase of quality gh creation of Montenegrin Academic needed, as well as (ii) support in transfor- of products/services, (iii) create own Hub strongly connected with national mation of processes and full acceptance capacities for designing/development ecosystem, capitalizing from excellence of digitized services/products. of digitized services/solutions and/or in research and available capacities up-skilling and re/skilling workers to 4. Aims and Objectives in priority fields of agriculture and he- accept digitized services/solutions, etc. alth, and other initiatives rooted in Digital research centres and universiti- Smart Specialization Strategy; Clinical Centre (KCCG) as the largest pro- es have a key leading role in digitizati- vider of health care services at tertiary on process of industries, strengthening > Enhancement of the level of compe- level has ultimate goal on increasing cooperation with national economies, tencies and skills of staff members quality of services, and therefore autho- capable to provide expert knowledge from higher education institutions by rities need support in identification of and support to their local industries, as sharing experience, expert knowledge best practices and solutions appropriate well as to help them to cooperate with and digital skills for local economy; for existing integral health information innovators, investors and customers all respecting the diversity of national, system and available medical and tech- across Europe and globally. However, EU and global industries, challenges nical resources/capacities; while health collaboration and networking are also and the level of innovations; workers need support in understanding essential to ensure best practices can be > Strengthening the quality of higher international trends in using digitized exported to other regions, and missing solutions, accept new technologies and expertise can be imported, ensuring an education through new forms of prac- contribute with innovators on developing efficient innovation ecosystem. tical training schemes and study of best suiting digitized solutions for speci- digitized labour market in priority That is a reason why the project is focu- fic fields (e.i. telemedicine, surgery, etc.) fields of agriculture and health; sed to support modernization of higher Company SimcicMontMilk as leader in education institutions in Montenegro, > Strengthening internationalization of production of milk and dairy products is to enhance their cooperation with wider higher education institutions, inclu- permanently focused on quality assuran- businesses in order to maximize the ding networking with other digital ce, continual testing with thousands of benefits from digital technologies in innovation hubs and competency discrete checks for validity and reliability. priority areas of agriculture and health centers, sharing knowledge and com- Their authorities need support in identifi- while ensuring that student graduates, plementing expertise.

2020 neo montenegro 47 Realism and feasibility of defined objec- time they are involved as DigN€st tives are rooted in the following facts: project partners,

All strategical documents at national > DigN€st consortium include almost Ramo Šendelj, PhD, full professor and research level (e.g., Smart Specialization Stra- 99% of HEI population in Montenegro, chair for cyber security at the University of Donja tegy, signed WB Digital Agenda, strategic Gorica. Funded by granting agencies at national > MNE Government invested 8 million documents of the Ministry of Economy, and EU level, he is a recipient of several rese- euros in developing infrastructure Ministry of Science, etc.) defines the arch and commercial grants. He is a member for new Technology Park in Podgo- need Conclusion of H2020 Programme Committee for “Resear- rica, and additional 5 million euros ch infrastructure”, Bologna Expert for Higher > for technology innovations and digi- in two new Centers of Excellences in Education Reform and he is FP7 expert for Ethics tized businesses, priority fields of health and agriculture reviewing, Research & Innovation. At national > New Law on Higher Education Insti- (hosted at partner universities), Uni- level, he is a member of Council “Montenegrin Research and Education Network”, member of tutions in Montenegro clearly defines versity of Donja Gorica invested own ICT team for Montenegrin Think Tank Project, the necessity for at least 25% practical resources in Entrepreneurial Nest (in and National expert for accreditation of high placements for students within each May 2019); which all together clearly education institution in Montenegro. Research course, thus providing legal basis present both infrastructure basis and interests: cyber security, semantic technologies, research excellence which will be infor realistic implementation of the technology-enhanced learning, software and tegrated with Montenegrin Academic project practical trainings schemes process modeling. for students, Digital Hub as essential for effective implementation and functioning. Ivana Ognjanović, PhD, associate professor at > Several actors at national level have University of Donja Gorica. completed her PhD already started with some activities By capitalizing from already implemented in the field of software engineering at Univer- moving towards digitization process steps at national level, it is a right moment sity of Belgrade, Serbia. Her R&D experience (e.g., Chamber of Economy, Ministry to make one step further in supporting is gained by working as research assistant at of Science, etc.) and support to stu- Montenegrin higher education institution Athabasca University, Canada and the Univer- dents’ entrepreneurship (e.g., Univer- connections with labour market aimed sity of British Columbia. She was a member of the Center of young scientists at Montenegrin sity of Donja Gorica) and integrated on digitization processes in priority are- Academy of Sciences and Arts and Vice Dean efforts are needed, and in the same as of agriculture and health. for education at Faculty of Information Techno- logy, Mediterranean University (2010-2013). In June 2020, she was nominated for a position of Young EFMI (European Federation for Medical Informatics) Working Group Chair. Research interests: semantic technologies, medical informatics, learning analytics, technology-enhanced learning, cloud computing, software and process modeling.

48 neo montenegro 2020 Projects

2020 neo montenegro 49 Establishing Modern Master-level Studies in Information Systems (MASTIS)

Sandra Tinaj University of Donja Gorica uring the implementation period of Liechtenstein, Aica Associazione Italiana Dthe MASTIS project, the University per linformatica e il Calcolo Auto, Italy), of Donja Gorica together with project Ukraine (Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National Snežana Šćepanović consortium sought to find a better way University of Economics, National Techni- University Mediterranean to realize the idea of the project, which cal University of Ukraine Kyiv Polytechnic is defined as the improvement in Infor- Ins, Lviv Polytechnic National University, mation Systems according to the needs Vinnytsia National Technical University, > modernization of the current Degree of the modern society. MASTIS Erasmus+ Kherson State University, National Tech- Profile (DP) & curricula in IS. Degree project enables the Partner Country & EU nical University Kharkiv Polytechnical In- Profile and Curricula revision imple- Universities to modernize education in stitute, Ministry of Education and Science mented in accordance with the newest Information System based on the stu- of Ukraine), Montenegro (University of standards of Higher education and dent-oriented principals, strong univer- Donja Gorica and University Mediterra- the compatibility with the National sity-enterprise cooperation and modern nean) and 12 Associated partners. Qualification Frameworks; approaches to the education. The principal aim of the project was im- > development of an innovative acade- Project was implemented during the pe- provement of the Master Programme in mic environment for MPIS as a plat- riod of 4 years, from October 10th 2015 Information Systems (MPIS) according form for training/retraining, PhD, LLL; until October 10th 2019 and it is co-fi- to the needs of the modern society, to > provision/modernization of labs in- nanced by the Erasmus + Programme of bring the universities closer to changes frastructure for IS. the European Union. in the global labour market and world Results of the project The project consortium includes 19 pro- education sphere; to enable them to ject partners from different EU countries stay responsive to employers’ needs; The main innovation of the project is that (Universite Lumiere Lyon 2, France, co- to give students an idea of various job the new curriculum has been developed ordinator, Luiss Libera Universita Inter- profiles in the IS domain and to ensure in strong cooperation with IT compani- nazionale Degli Studi Sociali Gui, Italy, employability throughout graduates’ es, IT departments of other business Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet professional and soft skills. and local authorities. Everything has Muenster, Denmark, Kauno Technolo- been prepared with future employers Specific objectives of the project included: gijos Universitetas, Lithuania, Univerza from the beginning (i.e., the very defini- v Mariboru, Slovenia, University of Ag- > improvement of Master Programme tion of skills - technical and social - that der, Norway, Lulea Tekniska Universi- in IS according to the requirements must be acquired by Master’s students tet, Sweden, Universitat Liechtenstein, of the business; in Information System) until the end: de-

50 neo montenegro 2020 gree profi le defi nition, list of courses and blished as well. This evaluation tools, the balance between network facilitating theory and practice, internship, Master the “knowledge tri- thesis including the process and defense. angle” and bringing together students, The other way around, the project exe- employer associa- cution prompted rethinking of the role collaboration, analysis, organized tions, entreprene- of information systems (IS) in the acti- events, workshops, signed agreements. urs, local decision-makers and university vities of enterprises, in particular, their professors. > The integration of the innovated MSc impact on improving the architecture program in IS in the preparation pro- of enterprises and business processes. In Montenegro, the main achievements cess of re-accreditation. New process of the project consisted of: MASTIS Project has involved six Univer- and practices have been introduced sities from Ukraine and two from Mon- > The update of a Master programme at the institutional level. tenegro. in IS on both universities. According > Teaching staff from the two Monte- to the Law on Higher Education of The MASTIS project succeeded in im- negrin Universities were trained in Montenegro, HEI’s are obligatory to proving Master courses in the fi eld of IS the professional area and modern provide up to 25% of practice: the % in two diff erent ecosystems and in two teaching methods. The project has is higher in the new Master’s degree diff erent ways at the same time: deve- off ered the opportunity to use exi- (including case studies and research loping new programmes in Ukraine and sting experiences in France, Germany, modernization and updating of already activities), which was prepared in co- Sweden, Norway, Italy and Lithuania existing programmes in Montenegro. llaboration with the business sector. regarding Master program in IS im- It can also be the basis for preparing provement. Specifi cally, the project modernized Master students for PhD studies. programme in IS, gave students modern In Ukraine, the main achievements of knowledge and gave students the idea > The equipment of educational labo- the project consisted of: of various job profi les in the IS to ensu- ratories with computers, projectors, > The development of a Master pro- re employability throughout graduates’ devices for the lectures recording in gramme in IS based on competencies/ professional and soft skills. The program each University. Also, UDG purchased student-oriented approach and labour involves now stakeholders at all stages of additional equipment to equip an market needs, in cooperation with local students’ life cycle and the role of the uni- additional room to allow more Master and national business. Eight courses versity as a driver of social and economic students to benefi t from the MASTIS (5 ECTS each) have been developed, in Montenegro and Ukraine is increased. experience validated and tested. One of them is Partnership agreements with economic > The establishment of links with non- destined to support the development operators who were interested in colla- academic institutions (industry, banks, of the entrepreneurial and innovative borating with the universities were esta- NGOs, SMEs, etc.), including project capabilities of the students.

2020 NEO MONTENEGRO 51 Library Network Support Services: Modernising Libraries in Western Balkan

> The development of an innovative Countries Through Staff academic environment in cooperation Development and Reforming with -1) EU partners from universities, academic (ERCIS) and business Library Services (AICA) associations; -2) Ukrainian IT (LNSS) companies, banks, IT associations, local authorities, NGOs, SMEs, private entral University Library (CUL) has Bosiljka Cicmil entrepreneurs. Cparticipated in this project along Central University Library with all the other libraries at the Uni- University of Montenegro > The setting of strong networks betwe- versity of Montenegro (UoM), and the en universities, businesses and local following project results were achieved: governments, as between universities themselves, in a country where it is > modernization of libraries at the UoM through improving the level of expertise customary to teach all your life at the and qualifications of library staff and improving the quality of library services university where you prepared your and user services, in order to strengthen the institutional support of libraries bachelor’s degree. The creation of a for learning, education, research and lifelong learning; Ukrainian Association of Information > management, accessibility and availability of UoM libraries have been impro- System Departments is an important ved through strategic planning and development of library policies; innovation. > Library network has been established in the Western Balkan countries with > Teaching staff from Ukrainian Univer- the purpose of dissemination, sustainability and use of project results. sities were trained in professional area and modern teaching methods. Within numerous workshops and various forms of education, project participants acquired new competencies, skills and knowledge and increased the MASTIS project underpins universities’ level of their expertise and leadership. The acquired knowledge and skills are strategies for internationalization, stren- used to continue the education of library staff at UoM and beyond, at the level gthening their links with other universities of the Association of Librarians of Montenegro, as part of the celebration of from the EU and neighboring countries, National Library Awareness Day (NLAD), in cooperation with NGOs such as the including new KA1 exchange programmes. Association of Youth with Disabilities of Montenegro and Union of the Blind of New relations of trust have been created Montenegro, etc.), which, through cooperation and partnership, strengthens to such an extent that, for example, Si- the position and role of library activities, as a support to all potential users and mon Kuznets Kharkiv National University the entire community. of Economics (Ukraine) and University of Donja Gorica (Montenegro) signed In line with the project objectives, the partner universities developed LNSS cu- an agreement for cooperation in 2019. rricula for 8 different modules. CUL has independently prepared and developed

52 neo montenegro 2020 two modules – Collection Development research, culture and Policy and Access to libraries for persons everyday life on the with disabilities Policy. In addition to that, whole. Moreover, the CUL has prepared two other very impor- goal of the event, gi- tant strategic documents - Strategic De- ven the choice of to- velopment Plan of the Central University pics and activities, is Library and the Customer Service Policy. certainly to raise the level of expertise, will be available to all project partners skills and qualifications of library staff. for 5 years after the project has ended, In terms of inter-project activities at The agenda involves all libraries in Mon- and which, in fact, represents the wi- UoM, CUL received a extremely valuable tenegro - the National Library, public li- dest type of library network for coope- computer and specialized equipment braries, university and school libraries, ration and exchange of experiences and intended for people with vision and he- as well as partners from the region. The knowledge among project participants. aring impairments within the Erasmus event is held across the Montenegro. The Today, this platform contains all impor- + project Trans2Work - Transition for agenda is made of lectures, presentati- tant documents in the field of library Higher education students with disabi- ons and workshops in the various fields and information activities, as well as all lities in Serbia, Bosnia & Herzegovina of library and information activities, and documents that represent results of all and Montenegro which means that we it is intended for librarians, academic participants in the LNSS project. Apart shall finally, with the reconstruction of community, students and all other po- from the LibApps platform, disseminati- the reading room and further educati- tential users. One of the programs inten- on of project results is realized through on of library staff for work with people ded for students refers to the education LNSS project website, social networks, with disabilities, acquire basic precon- related to the use of electronic services media, etc. ditions for smooth work and learning of and resources (e-catalogues, databases, that group of students. The mentioned Digital Archive of the University of Mon- Project activities were implemented thro- equipment shall be used by all persons tenegro, etc.). In addition, public libra- ugh cooperation and broad partnership with disabilities, which ensures the wi- ries of Montenegro, at the initiative of at all levels – individual, institutional, dest user accessibility to all potential CUL, have implemented an action called national, regional and international, with CUL resources and services. Libraries for students, which offers free very useful results realized in terms of enrolment for all interested students in National Library Awareness Day (NLAD) inter-project activities and project ac- our country. The goal of this action is a is an annual event held at all partner uni- tivities shall continue after the project symbolic contribution to the affirmation versities. In Montenegro it is held every ending through the implementation of of library and information activities, but October 5th with the aim to animate and already achieved results and adopted li- support for higher education in Monte- remind the Montenegrin community and brary politics, as well as through raising negro as well. the public of the importance and role that awareness of the importance of library library-information activities and libraries One of the significant results of the pro- activities at the national level through in general have in education, science, ject is the online LibApps platform, which the mentioned annual event.

2020 neo montenegro 53 School-to-Work Transition for Higher Education Students with Disabilities in Serbia, Bosnia & Herzegovina and Montenegro (TRANS2WORK)

Tatijana Dlabač University of Montenegro rom October 15, 2015, to October 14, sector. Moreover, SwD that are studying F2018, the University of Montenegro in accordance with new reformed study participated in the realization of the pro- programs are also included in regular ject entitled School-to-Work Transition for practical lectures to employers. The ini- Higher education students with disabili- tiative is to provide support to SwD by index, and the accessible database for ties in Serbia, Bosnia & Herzegovina and the side of mentors. The emphasis is to the labor market and society after gra- Montenegro (acronym: TRANS2WORK) of support appropriate student services ne- duation. Significant support was provi- Erasmus + programme. The consortium cessary for their employment, providing ded to the SwD from Montenegrin higher counted 23 partner institutions from Gree- accessibility, additional technologies education institutions who participated ce, Slovenia, Germany, Poland, Serbia, and individual support for SwD. in the 2-month practical placement at fo- Montenegro, and Bosnia & Herzegovina. reign private companies. One of the mi- During and after project implementati- lestones in the project was related to the This project addressed priority in Monte- on, the achieved results impacted on purchasing equipment for persons with negrin higher education system, concre- the national and institutional level of hearing and visual impairments which is tely the development of the higher edu- the higher education in Montenegro by installed at the University of Montenegro cation sector within society as a whole, improving the quality and relevance of and University of Donja Gorica. university-enterprise cooperation, entre- school-to-work transition of the SwD. This preneurship, employability of graduated implies the provision of support and cre- The coordinator and other partner insti- students with disabilities (SwD), and ating the working environment to prepare tutions from EU countries shared their employers from the private and public employers on understanding the needs knowledge and experience of good prac- of employees with tices in the case of position and role of disabilities in order career centers at universities. One of the to offer new jobs. main activities was the organization of The partners from special mobility strand for SwD at partner our country wor- country level aimed to introduce partner ked hard in order higher education institutions (HEIs) the to provide acce- idea of the training mobility and raised ssible web-based awareness on disability issues not only at tools, electronic HEIs but to wider society through NGOs

54 neo montenegro 2020 such as Association of Youth with Disabilities of Montenegro. Also, their legislative and procedures related to SwD in HE sector were of utmost importance. Newly The direct beneficiary of the project are SwD, universities, and employers. The project provided employers to identify the requirements needed Selected for them and SwD for their interests and educational needs. The position of students was emphasized a lot in the previous period following the Projects provisions of the free and appropriate access to higher education that represents a fundamental people right and obligation at all study levels. The universities reached the goals by paying more attention to strengthen the role of career centers, providing mentors and other motiva- ting operations in advising the careers of SwD.

The long-term impact of the project realized activities is related to the strengthening of relations between HEIs and the wider economic and social environment. This further means development of adequate educational and working environment which will enable equal chances and improved opportunities for people with disabilities in Partner Countries.

HEIs act as coordinators or partners in a numerous Erasmus + projects CBHE KA2 with the final goal of gaining international recognition and creating development strategies. Additionally, HEIs actively participate in the improvement of the conditions for SwD in Montenegro and support all initiatives related to their status and position in the society. There are numerous actions started up by the HEIs focused on the better connectivity between graduated students, including SwD, and employers at the labor market.

2020 neo montenegro 55 Development of Regional Joint Master Program in Maritime Environmental Protection and Management – MEP&M

University of Montenegro

lue economy sector in Montenegro and Albania is reco- Current education systems in Montenegro and Albania only Bgnized in the EU Strategy for Adriatic Ionian Region (EU- partially cover some of aspects of maritime environmental SAIR). Besides, there are numerous international and natio- protection and management, mostly on bachelor degree level. nal legal and strategic documents developed and adopted Therefore, the consortium sees the need to develop new regional aiming to tackle climate change and marine pollution issues. joint interdisciplinary master program in English in maritime The most important topics and activities are related to the environmental protection and management (MSc in MEP&M) coastline and open seas, such as offshore energy, including for graduated BSc students, professionals from governmental renewable (wind) and fossil fuels (oil&gas), shipping and bodies (related to marine environment protection) and blue economy sector enterprises (including port authorities, pollu- marine transport, and marine and coastal tourism, yachting tion control officers, inspectors, government officials, salvors, and marinas, port activities, shipbuilding and repair, coa- managers, masters, engineers, fleet supervisors, seafarers, stal planning and environmental protection of coastal and ship owners, legal managers), and other professionals who sea region. Some of these activities are developed to some seek for specific knowledge in field of MEP&M. At the same extent, while others are just emerging, and all in some matter time, countries like Montenegro and Albania are seeking for make influence on marine and coastal environment in South those professionals with knowledge, experience and skills in Adriatic and North Ionian seas. field of marine environmental protection who will be able to With regard to the topic of this project, Montenegro and manage environmental issues, be able to take part in future Albania will support following activities: developing the negotiations toward EU membership and help in achieving professional capacities in field of maritime environmental national environmental goals. protection and management; supporting the process of re- MEP&M project proposal aims toward solving multiple issues. gional cooperation in public, private, NGO, education and First, coastal zone and marine environment protection is one research sectors. of Montenegrin and Albanian Governments priorities. Also,

56 neo montenegro 2020 Kotor Bay

this field is one of priorities toward EU accession process for issues of coastal and marine environmental protection all WBC. Lack of adequate number of professionals in go- and management in South Adriatic and Ionian Seas, thus vernmental institutions and blue economy sector enterprises strengthening international competitiveness of Montene- dealing with issues in this field should be overcome through grin and Albanian HEIs. enhanced education and research at Montenegrin and Alba- 2. To build up human and technical capacities of PC HEIs to nian HEIs. Secondly, strengthening international competitiveness within European Higher Education Area (EHEA) and support new MSc program in MEP&M. European Research Area (ERA) are the main driving forces for 3. To enhance networking among PC HEIs, governmental in- Montenegrin and Albanian HEIs. stitutions, Blue economy sector enterprises and NGOs in In order to overcome these shortcomings, MEP&M project order to act regionally in order to prevent and cope with will address the following specific objectives: consequences of global climate change and local/regional marine pollution. 1. Based on state-of-the-art in Maritime Environmental Pro- tection and Management education and research, to develop regional joint interdisciplinary MSc program on English language for students and professionals having at least BSc degree, to address the long-term needs in specific

2020 neo montenegro 57 Improving the Process of Education through Development of E-Learning Multimedia Platform and Smart Classrooms – SMARTEL

University of Montenegro

he project aims to promote equality of access to educati- In short, the implementation of the project should create con- Ton and provision of support for including in the teaching ditions for inclusive and quality education for all students. activities students with fewer opportunities and greater limi- By engaging in the activities of the project the University tations that restrict or completely prevent their access or par- of Montenegro, as the oldest and largest higher education, ticipation due to disability, financial or geographical barriers. scientific and artistic institution in Montenegro, continues The project target groups are primarily vulnerable groups to invest efforts to ensure the use of modern technologies in of students who do not have full access to the educational its work, to develop academic excellence and autonomy by process at higher education institutions, as well as students developing students’ abilities, their creativity and freedom of who do not have sufficient material means for full access. creation, regardless of the existence of limitations in any sense.

The current situation caused by the Corona virus pandemic The implementation of planned activities will lead to the mo- and the emphasized need to implement teaching through dernization of the teaching methods and teaching materials distance learning, further indicates the need to implement and to improvement of teaching and technical staff capacities. project activities that are expected to overcome the current Among other things, this will be achieved through the analysis limitations in classroom equipment for online teaching. of existing distance learning platforms, through defining of user requirements for modern platforms and new innovati- The above said is in line with the aspiration of the project ve pedagogical approaches and learning methodologies by to include also students with disabilities who can have pro- using modern multimedia platforms, through procurement blems with participating in the teaching process adequately and installation of equipment, preparation and installation i.e., to include the vulnerable groups in the teaching process of the platform. in their full capacity. Teaching and technical staff of the University of Montenegro In this sense, the creation of multimedia platforms for learning, will participate in trainings and workshops dedicated to the equipping of classrooms with modern information, communi- improvement of teaching methods and establish broader cation and smart learning technologies, the development of cooperation with partner institutions through exchange of pedagogical approaches based on the use of information and experience in improving the teaching process. communication technologies will enable target groups of students to attend classes and take part in the teaching process equally as the students who do not belong to vulnerable groups.

58 neo montenegro 2020 Strengthening University Autonomy and Increasing Accountability and Transparency of Western Balkans Universities – STAND

University of Montenegro

TAND project aims to improve the processes and mecha- of discussion with the main stakeholders in partner countries Snisms of the university autonomy by increasing the main providing sustainable models of university governance. nagement capacities, accountability and transparency of The project comprises of the following key specific objectives: Western Balkans Universities. > To enhance modernisation of governance in Western Bal- It aims to undertake measures that enhance the management kans Universities through capacity building, experience and governance practices at participating universities, which exchange and upgraded infrastructure; also relates to human resources, financial capacities and internationalization. > To improve the university autonomy through empowering national and university level regulations and structures; Furthermore, the project is related quite well and contributes to measures such as evidence-based policies, financing of > To create and adopt the university autonomy scorecard education, governance, quality assurance of public and pri- for Kosovo, Albania and Montenegro; vate higher education sector, introduction of transparency > To expand an effective cooperation between HEIs and the tools and standards and guidelines. The project particularly relevant ministries in improving the transparency, acco- will support participating countries and institutions to under- untability and financial sustainability; take procedures and steps for transparent employment and promotion of both academic and administrative personnel in > To establish of the Expert network on university autonomy. universities, through development and installation of online As structural project it will support reflecting on standards at platform open for public, as well as updating rules and regu- EU partners and enhancing them at WB institutions through in- lations that support such measures. tensified regular academic and management exchange of good Sustainable models of university autonomy in Kosovo, Al- practice and sustainable networking between EU-WB partners. bania and Montenegro are lacking. There is a pressing need A mix of bottom-up and top-down approach that will be used for holistic approach in strengthening university autonomy, in the project, fosters the dialogue between universities and in four particular dimensions - organizational, academic, ministries, and thus enables the consortium to contribute staffing and financial autonomy. more effectively to the project implementation and sustaina- The novelty is that the STAND will be the first project in the bility to strengthen the autonomy of Western Balkans higher region that will publish the scorecard and will create a forum education institutions.

2020 neo montenegro 59 Inclusive Tertiary Education in The Western Balkans – Idea

Maja Drakić, University of Donja Gorica

ost higher education institutions in the Western Balkans both academic and professional success of these students. Mlack an adequate regulatory framework, knowledge, in- However, UDG understand strengthening infrastructure and frastructure, equipment and technology, but also education improving knowledge of academic and non-academic staff in and training that would facilitate inclusive education and issues related to equal access of all students to higher edu- equal access to higher education for people with disabiliti- cation services very important. This is something that must es and students with learning disabilities. This makes high be in the focus permanently and UDG gladly accepted the school graduates with disabilities discouraged to continue partnership on the project “The Inclusive tertiary education their education at the tertiary level. It sometimes happens in the Western Balkans” (Acronym IDEA). that despite their will and desire, after enrolment at the university, they are forced to leave their studies due to inadequ- The main goal of this project is to address one of the key ate support systems. In this way, the countries of the Western challenges of not only Western Balkan countries, but the the Balkans are losing important social and intellectual capital, whole of Europe during this decade - improving access and lagging behind EU countries in terms of equal access to higher establishing adequate conditions for learning and inclusive education services. tertiary education and improving employment opportunities for persons with disabilities and students with learning diffi- The University of Donja Gorica recognized this challenge sin- culties. These goals can be achieved through strengthening ce its establishment. That was the reason UDG was a partner the capacity of all student support services, strengthening in the implementation of several Tempus, later Erasmus pro- the capacity of academic and administrative staff, students jects with the goal to strengthen the capacity for inclusion of and relevant governing bodies in higher education partner students with disabilities and learning difficulties. Today we institutions, but also in the Ministries of Education of partner can say that UDG is recognized as a University that provides countries; through the development of modern inclusion equal access to all students, and students with disabilities practices, appropriate support and networking technologies, and learning difficulties enrol and have success during stu- which should also support groups of students and pupils with dies at almost all study programs of the University of Donja disabilities or learning difficulties at lower levels of education Gorica. Beside improved infrastructure, students with disabi- (primary and secondary education). lities and learning difficulties have the support of academic and non-academic staff at the University, which results in The IDEA project aims at creating and operationalizing the

60 neo montenegro 2020 infrastructure and know-how necessary to promote equity and inclusion in HE by facilitating the access in HE services of students with disadvantaged backgrounds and fewer opportunities compared to their peers on the premises of:

> Disability: Physical, sensory or other.

> Educational difficulties: Students with learning disabilities.

> Partner Region: [Western Balkans]

The project aims at addressing one of the key challenges that this project. Transnational cooperation on capacity building Europe and the Balkan region, in particular, will be facing un- in terms of inclusion in tertiary education is being developed til the end of the 2020s and to support the European policy within the project with the support of three European univer- agenda for equity and social inclusion in HE. In specific terms, sities that have been achieving significant results in this field the Inclusive Tertiary Education in the West Balkans project for many years, and which should share their knowledge and aims at creating and operationalizing the infrastructure and experience with partners from the Western Balkans. These know-how necessary to promote equity and inclusion in HE are the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and by facilitating the access in HE services of students with di- their Accessibility Unit from Greece; Masaryk University and sadvantaged backgrounds and fewer opportunities compared their The Support Centre for Students with Special Needs to their peers on the premises of: from Czech Republic and the University of Limerick and their > Disability: Physical, sensory or other. Disability Office from Ireland. To make the perspective of people with disabilities and learning difficulties the focus of the > Educational difficulties: Students with Learning disabilities. project, the consortium includes NGOs from all three Balkan The project is implemented through a multilateral partnership partner countries - the Association of Youth with Disabiliti- of several universities from the Western Balkans. The project es of Montenegro, the Albanian Foundation for the Rights of leaders are from Albania, led by Polis University in Tirana, Persons with Disabilities and the Association of Paraplegics which is the project coordinator. There are also: “Aleksandër and Children with Disabilities of Kosovo. Moisiu” University of Durres, Medical University of Tirana, “Luigj Gurakuqi” University of Shkodra, Catholic University “The Lady of the Good Council”; and EPOKA University. Three partner institutions are from Kosovo - the University of Pristi- na, the International Business College in Mitrovica, and the University College, which has several campuses in Kosovo. The University of Donja Gorica, as a higher education institution from Montenegro, which has come a long way in terms of inclusive higher education, is the Montenegrin partner in

2020 neo montenegro 61 Educational Capacity Strengthening for Risk Management of Non-Native Aquatic Species in Western Balkans – RiskMan

Prof. Ana Pešić University of Montenegro

niversity of Montenegro (Institute of Marine Biology and The main aim of RiskMan Project is to strengthen the Educa- UFaculty of Natural Science) is a partner in the approved tional Capacity for Risk Management of Non-Native Aquatic Erasmus + regional project “Educational Capacity Strengthe- Species in the Western Balkan Region (Albania, Bosnia and ning for Risk Management of Non-native Aquatic Species in Herzegovina, Montenegro) by promoting the education of sta- Western Balkans” acronym RiskMan. University of Montenegro keholders (public health, fishermen, aquaculture employees, is a partner institution in this project, while the coordinator NGO sector, etc.) and higher education students and stimu- is Mugla University Sitki Kocman from Turkey. Other project late cooperation among the target countries. To reach these partners are the Universities of Palermo, Zagreb, Sarajevo, aims, higher levels of education as well as workers of private Tirana, Bihać, Institutes and NGOs from Ohrid, Albania, Gree- sector (i.e., aquaculture or aquarium trade) will be involved ce, as well as two associated partners from Turkey. The total for preventing the further introduction and spread of non- budget of this project is 805,030.00 euros, while the budget of native aquatic species in the Partner Countries. In addition the University of Montenegro is about 80,000.00 euros. Pro- to the courses that will be developed specifically for certain ject started on November 15th 2020, and will last for 2 years. groups of stakeholders and for master’s students, the project will also develop a risk management model for alien and Along with climate change, the introduction of non-native invasive species for the Western Balkans. (NN) species (“non indigenous” in European Frameworks) is widely recognized as one of the main threats to aquatic biodi- versity and impact to human well-being. Non-native invasive species are considered the major driving force being able to impair socio-ecological systems creating significant impacts on human well-being. A large proportion of NN species is wi- despread in the Balkans countries, in marine and freshwater ecosystems, and current research revealed the extent of the knowledge gaps on the current state, distribution and impacts of NN aquatic species in the Balkans.

62 neo montenegro 2020 Sustainable University – Enterprise Cooperation for Improving Graduate Employability – SUCCESS

Jelena Šaković-Jovanović University of Montenegro

he main objective of the project is to modernize WBC uni- industry and introducing the entrepreneurship courses will Tversities through the strengthening University-Enterprise help graduate employability as the students will get oppor- partnership in the areas of education and knowledge tran- tunity to get knowledge on problem solving methodology. sfer based on the market needs with aim to improve student Academic staff will improve their skills in practice-oriented employability. Furthermore, the project aims to enhance teaching and will be familiarized with real sector experien- international cooperation and networking at the regional/ ces, that will be further used in teaching process as well. All international level between universities and enterprises. mentioned will enable that teaching process become more relevant and engaging. By achieving project objectives, and by establishing strong cooperation between universities and enterprises, it will be As business sector will be involved in delivery of the teaching supported economic growth in the country by creation of new modules at the University (that will be created within the pro- enterprises and ensuring that business sector will have the ject for specific study programmes), contacts between em- skilled staff they need for the future. Synergic engagement ployers and students can also lead to opportunities for jobs. of industry and HEIs (High Education Institution) in educati- Internship programmes will increase student employability, on will improve student employability. Updating curricula at by giving them concrete experience in the workplace. Stu- some study programmes by introducing real-life problems from dents from the University will be involved in the Internship programme. The existing university structures will be reinfor- ced by creating Start-up management services at HEIs with aim to educate students in entrepreneurship and to provide them with basic knowledge necessary for creating their own business. Achieving this objective will increase self-employability of graduates. These activities are organised as extracurricular activities.

Enterprise-university cooperation will be implemented through the network and platform that will be used as tool/place which brings all relevant stakeholder at one place. All idea for further cooperation (common projects), professional trainings etc. will be published at the platform.

2020 neo montenegro 63 By achieving the project objectives, newly established cooperation will be organized at the institutional level and it will be supported by the legal framework that will be created within the project. Furthermore, the universities will increase their structural (though Start-up services) and human capacities that will also improve their position in the society.

Coordinator of the project is International BURCH University, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Partners on the project are from Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Germany, Montenegro, Poland, Serbia and Spain.

Budget of the project is: 849,257.00 EUR

Budget of the University of Montenegro is 71, 915.00 EUR

CIP – Каталогизација у публикацији

Национална библиотека Црне Горе, Цетиње

ISSN 2704-5102 = Reforms Inside

COBISS.CG-ID 40506896

64 neo montenegro 2020

cover photo: depositphotos / "londondeposit" Co-funded by the by Co-funded Programme Erasmus+ Union the European of [email protected] [email protected]