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Geodesy and Great Earthquakes in the Himalaya, by Roger Bilham a New Quaternary Strand of the Karakoram Fault System, Ladakh Himalayas, by Wendy M

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Geodesy and Great Earthquakes in the Himalaya, by Roger Bilham a New Quaternary Strand of the Karakoram Fault System, Ladakh Himalayas, by Wendy M In Cooperation with the National Science Foundation, San Francisco State University and Stanford University, the California Academy of Sciences, and University of California Santa Cruz Proceedings of the 25th Himalaya- Karakoram-Tibet Workshop Edited by Mary L. Leech, Simon L. Klemperer, and Walter D. Mooney Open-File Report 2010-1099 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Marcia K. McNutt, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia 2010 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod/ Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/ Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Suggested citation: Leech, Mary L., Klemperer, Simon L., and Mooney, Walter D., eds., 2010, Proceedings of the 25th Himalaya- Karakoram-Tibet Workshop: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1099 [http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1099/]. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within this report. Cover: Everest from base camp in Tibet. Photograph by Mary Leech Contents Preface to Proceedings of the 25th Himalaya-Karakoram-Tibet Workshop, by Mary L. Leech, Simon L. Klemperer, and Walter D. Mooney Historical (<2000 B.P.) and Recent Glacier Fluctuations in the Inner Himalaya (North of the Annapurna and Dhaulagiri Himalaya), by Hermann Achenbach Landscape Evolution of the Bhutan Himalaya — Insights from Tectonic Geomorphology and Low- Temperature Thermochronology, by Byron A. Adams, Matthijs C. van Soest, Kip V. Hodges, Kelin X. Whipple, and Arjun Heimsath Testing Earthquake Nucleation Models from the Response of Himalayan Seismicity to Secular and Periodic Stress Variations, by Thomas Ader, Jean-Philippe Avouac, and Sachiko Tanaka Shear-Velocity Profiles Across the Tibetan Plateau from Broadband, Surface-Wave, Phase- Velocity Measurements, by Matthew R. Agius, and Sergei Lebedev Geochemical and Isotopic Constraints on the Nature of the Indus and Shyok Suture Zones, Remnants of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean in the Trans-Himalayan Region, by Talat Ahmad Structural Analysis of Swat and the Surrounding Peshawar Basin, North Pakistan: Application of GIS and Remote Sensing, by Irshad Ahmad, Joseph A. DiPietro, Shuhab D. Khan, and Noor Jehan Clockwise Rotation and Tilting in the Tethyan Himalaya of SE Tibet Deduced from Paleomagnetic data: Implications for the Miocene Tectonic Evolution of the NE Himalaya, by Borja Antolín, Erwin Appel, Richard Gloaguen, István Dunkl, Chiara Montomoli, Lin Ding, Ursina Liebke, and Qiang Xu Organic Matter Studies for Hydrocarbon Generation in the Argillaceous Sediments of the Ladakh Himalaya, India, by A.K.Awasthi, M.K.Moezabadi, A.K.Jain, and S.Singh Timing of Earliest India-Asia Contact: Evidence of Terrestrial Vertebrates from Cambay Shale, Gujarat, Western Peninsular India, by Sunil Bajpai Thinning of Glaciers in the Khumbu Himal from 1955 to 2008, by Adam D. Barker and Bernard Hallet Himalayan-Tibetan Orogeny: Channel Flow versus (Critical) Wedge Models, a False Dichotomy?, by Christopher Beaumont and Rebecca Jamieson Petrology and geochemistry of the Xiugugabu ophiolitic massif, western Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone, Tibet, by Rachel Bezard, Réjean Hébert, Chengshan Wang, Jaroslav Dostal, and Jingen Dai Geodesy and Great Earthquakes in the Himalaya, by Roger Bilham A New Quaternary Strand of the Karakoram Fault System, Ladakh Himalayas, by Wendy M. Bohon, Kip V. Hodges, J Ramon Arrowsmith, and Alka K. Tripathy Simultaneous Earthquake Pulses along the Main Himalayan Thrust, by Laurent Bollinger, Dili Ram Tiwari, Sudhir Rajaure, Soma Nath Sapkota, and Jean-Phillipe Avouac The INDEPTH Transect: Looking Back from Golmud to Yadong, by Larry D. Brown, Wenjin Zhao, and the Project INDEPTH Team iii Receiver Function Imaging in the Western Himalaya, by Warren B. Caldwell, Simon L. Klemperer, Jesse F. Lawrence, and Shyam S. Rai Seasonal Variations in Geodetic Strain Induced by Hydrological Surface Loading in the Himalaya and Implications for Shallow Elastic Structure of the Earth, by Kristel Chanard, Jean-Philippe Avouac, Takeo Ito, Jeff Genrich, John Galetzka, Mireille Flouzat, Som Nath Sapkota, and Bharat Koirala The Golmud Step: New Details of the 15 km Moho Offset Between the Tibet Plateau and Qaidam Basin from INDEPTH IV Seismic Results, by Chen Chen, Larry Brown, Marianne Karplus, and Simon Klemperer The Determination of Anisotropic Parameters from Wide-Angle Seismic Reflection Polarizations: A Model Study, by Jingyi Chen, Zhongjie Zhang, and José Badal Fault Histories of the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau Margin: Geodynamic Implications of Far- Field Deformation During Continental Collision, by Marin K. Clark, Alison R. Duvall, Nora Lewandowski, Eric A. Hetland, Dewen Zheng, Richard O. Lease, William Craddock, Eric Kirby,and Zhicai Wang Metamorphic History of the South Tibetan Detachment System, Mt. Everest Region, Revealed by RSCM Thermometry and Phase Equilibria Modeling, by John M. Cottle, David J. Waters, Olivier Beyssac, and Micah J. Jessup Quaternary Slip History for the Central Altyn Tagh Fault Reveals Time-Varying Slip Rate, by Eric Cowgill, Ryan D. Gold, J. Ramon Arrowsmith, Xuanhua Chen, and Xiao-Feng Wang Oligo-Miocene Basins in Central Tibet and Along the Indus Suture: Records of Plateau Evolution and Dynamics of Subducting Indian Continental Crust, by P.G. DeCelles, P. Kapp, J. Quade, G.E. Gehrels, and M. Murphy Was There Pre-Collisional Metamorphism in Swat Pakistan?, by Joseph A. DiPietro and Alex Pullen Muscovite, by Michael Doon, Djordje Grujic, Isabelle Coutand, and Nicholas Whynot Superposed Folds in the Himalaya Indicating Late Stages of the Himalayan Orogeny: Implications for Seismicity, by Ashok Kumar Dubey Tectono-Geomorphic and Climatic Controls on Landscape Development in the Lesser Himalaya, by C.S. Dubey, M. Tajbaksh, R. Marston, E.J. Catlos, Sandeep Singh, and M. Rogibala Pleistocene-Holocene Climate Fluctuations and Fluvial Response in the Tectonically Active Yamuna Valley, North-Western Himalaya: Timescales and Source-to-Sink Interlinkage, by Sharat Dutta, N. Suresh, and Rohtash Kumar Eocene Faulting in Northeastern Tibet: Insights from Coupled Low-Temperature Thermochronometry and Ar Dating of Fault Gouge along the West Qinling Fault, by Alison R. Duvall, Marin K. Clark, Ben van der Pluijm, and Chuanyou Li Centrifuge Modelling Study of Contrasting Structural Styles in Salt Range and Potwar Plateau, Northern Pakistan, by Shah Faisal and John M. Dixon Mid-Miocene Climate-Driven Rapid Erosion of the Northern Tibetan Plateau, by Xiaomin Fang, Chunhui Song, Weilin Zhang, Erwin Appel, Junping Gao, and Maodu Yan iv Can Detrital Tourmaline Provide Stratigraphic Fingerprints? Initial Tests in the Western Himalaya, by Xuan Feng, A. Alexander G. Webb, and Darrell J. Henry Present-Day Vertical Motion of the Tibetan Plateau and Surrounding Area, by Jeffrey T. Freymueller, Yuning Fu, Wang Qi, and Xu Caijun Geometry and Slip Patterns of the Main Himalaya Thrust Fault in the India-Eurasia Collistion Zone Constrained by Geodetic Observations, by Yuning Fu, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, Caijun Xu, and Qi Wang SINOPROBE Deep Seismic Reflection Profiling across the Bangong-Nujiang Suture, Central Tibet, by Rui Gao, Zhanwu Lu, Xiong Xiaosong, Lingsen Zeng, Wenhui Li, Gong Deng, and Simon L. Klemperer Construction of the Tibetan Plateau by Distributed Lithospheric-Scale Shortening: Evidence from Deep Seismic-Reflection Profiling across Northeastern Tibet, by Rui Gao, Cheng-Shan Wang, An Yin, Haiyan Wang, and Yuxiu Zhang Tertiary Eclogite Facies Metamorphism in the Greater Himalayan Sequence: Evidence from Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Trace Element Geochemistry, by Djordje Grujic, Clare Warren, and Joseph L. Wooden Erosion Rates at the Crest of the Himalaya: Slow or Fast?, by Bernard Hallet, Peter K. Zeitler, Peter O. Koons, Noah J. Finnegan, and Adam D. Barker An Integrated Approach to Determining the Crustal Thickness History of Southern Tibet, by T.M. Harrison, D.J. DePaolo, X. Mo, Z. Zhao, and A. Yin Geochemical Comparison of North Himalayan Gneiss Domes, by William C. Hassett, John W. Sommerfeld, Forrest M. Horton, and Mary L. Leech Uplift and Exhumation along the Arun River (Eastern Nepal): Implications for the Mechanism of Uplift of the High Himalaya and the Coupling between Erosion and Tectonics, by Itai Haviv, Jean-Philippe Avouac, Kenneth A. Farley, Mark T. Harrison, Matthew T. Heizler, Neupane C. Prabhat, and Gweltaz Mahéo Ophiolites Associated with Suture Zones of the Collisional System between India and Eurasia: a Synthesis, by Réjean Hébert, Carl Guilmette, Rachel Bezard, Jarosalv Dostal, Chengshan Wang, and Jingen Dai Towards Defining the Transition in Style and Timing of Quaternary Glaciation between the Monsoon-Influenced Greater Himalaya and the Semi-Arid Transhimalaya of Northern India, by Kathryn A. Hedrick, Yeong Bae Seong, Lewis A. Owen, Marc W. Caffee, and Craig Dietsch The Tibet-Himalaya Accommodation Zone and the Nature of Orogenic Plateau Margins, by K.V. Hodges and K.X. Whipple Preliminary Fault Slip-Rate Estimate for the Right-Lateral Beng Co Strike-Slip Fault, based on Quaternary
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